51
|
Ham J, Kim HE, Kim JJ, Seok JH, Kim E, Park JY, Lee B, Oh J. Differential relationship of observer-rated and self-rated depression and anxiety scales with heart rate variability features. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1124550. [PMID: 37077280 PMCID: PMC10109339 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1124550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a known psychophysiological marker for diverse psychiatric symptoms. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential for clinical use of HRV by investigating the interrelationship between HRV indices and clinical measures mainly used to assess depressive and anxious symptoms. Participants who reported depressive and anxious symptoms were designated into the following groups: group 1, clinician-rated and self-rated depression; group 2, only self-rated depression; group 3, clinician-rated and self-rated anxiety; group 4, only self-rated anxiety. Statistical comparisons were performed between these groups to investigate the association between HRV and clinical measures. As a result, HRV variables showed significant correlations only with the clinician-rated assessments. Moreover, both time and frequency domain HRV indices were significantly different between groups 1 and 2, but groups 3 and 4 showed significant differences only in frequency domain HRV indices. Our study showed that HRV is an objective indicator for depressive or anxious symptoms. Additionally, it is considered a potential indicator for predicting the severity or state of depressive symptoms rather than of anxious symptoms. This study will contribute to increasing the diagnostic utility of discriminating those symptoms based on HRV in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsil Ham
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering (BMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hesun Erin Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Seok
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Park
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Boreom Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering (BMSE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Boreom Lee,
| | - Jooyoung Oh
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Jooyoung Oh,
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Wister A, Li L, Best JR, Cosco TD, Kim B. Multimorbidity, COVID-19 and Mental Health: Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) Longitudinal Analyses. Clin Gerontol 2023; 46:729-744. [PMID: 35797007 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2094742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper examines the longitudinal effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults (65+) with multimorbidity on levels of depression, anxiety, and perceived global impact on their lives. METHODS Baseline (2011-2015) and Follow-up 1 (2015-2018) data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), and the Baseline and Exit waves of the CLSA COVID-19 study (April-December, 2020) (n = 18,099). Multimorbidity was measured using: a) an additive scale of chronic conditions; and b) six chronic disease clusters. Linear Mixed Models were employed to test hypotheses. RESULTS Number of chronic conditions pre-pandemic was associated with pandemic levels of depression (estimate = 0.40, 95% CI: [0.37,0.44]); anxiety (estimate = 0.20, 95% CI: [0.18, 0.23]); and perceived negative impact of the pandemic (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: [1.02, 1.06]). The associations between multimorbidity and anxiety decreased during the period of the COVID-19 surveys (estimate = -0.02, 95% CI: [-0.05, -0.01]); whereas the multimorbidity association with perceived impact increased (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: [1.01, 1.05]). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that pre-pandemic multimorbidity conditions are associated with worsening mental health. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Clinicians treating mental health of older adults need to consider the joint effects of multimorbidity conditions and pandemic experiences to tailor counseling and other treatment protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wister
- Gerontology Research Centre & Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lun Li
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John R Best
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Theodore D Cosco
- Gerontology Research Centre & Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Oxford Institute of Population Ageing, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Boah Kim
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Tanaka S, Saida K, Murayama A, Higuchi D, Shinohara T. Associated factors of new subjective cognitive decline complaints after a 6-month period among community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:136-140. [PMID: 36412008 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the number of new subjective cognitive decline (SCD) complaints and associated factors in community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. METHOD A prospective cohort study was conducted in two periods: May to June 2020, and November 2020 to January 2021. We mailed a questionnaire to 1953 older adults in the first survey, and received 700 responses in the second. We analysed 534 participants without SCD in the first survey. We collected data on sociodemographic characteristics and administered the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old-Old (QMCOO) to assess respondents' health condition. SCD was operationally defined using the QMCOO as reports of (1) forgetfulness, and (2) difficulty in naming dates. The subjects were divided into two groups by their condition at the second survey: an SCD (new SCD complaints) and a no-SCD (no new SCD complaints) group. RESULTS A total of 85 (15.9%) participants had new SCD complaints. The Mann-Whitney U-test and chi-squared test showed that the SCD group had significantly more risk factors of SCD: walking speed (P = 0.001), smoking (P = 0.001), and existence of person with whom the patient could consult when disordered (P = 0.002). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that walking speed (odds ratio (OR) = 2.115, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.259-3.553) and the presence of person to consult (OR = 3.619, 95% CI: 1.553-8.433) were significant related factors of new SCD complaints. CONCLUSION Maintenance of physical condition and social support were associated with new SCD complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeya Tanaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Saida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Akihiko Murayama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Higuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Shinohara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Gohari MR, Varatharajan T, Patte KA, MacKillop J, Leatherdale ST. The intersection of internalizing symptoms and alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective cohort study. Prev Med 2023; 166:107381. [PMID: 36513170 PMCID: PMC9737513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Given the well-established relationship between alcohol and internalizing symptoms, potential increases in depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to increases in alcohol consumption and binge drinking. This study examines this association from before to during two phases of the pandemic in a cohort of Canadian youth. We used linked data from a sub-sample of 1901 secondary school students who participated in three consecutive school years of the Cannabis use, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Alcohol use, Smoking, and Sedentary behaviour (COMPASS) study between 2018/19 and 2020/21. Separate multilevel logistic regression models examined the association between depression and anxiety symptoms with odds of escalation and reduction (vs. maintenance) and initiation (vs. abstinence) of alcohol consumption. Results show that depression and anxiety symptoms significantly increased over the three years, and these changes were moderated by changes in alcohol consumption and binge drinking. Students with increased depression symptoms were less likely to reduce their alcohol consumption in the early pandemic (Adjust odds ratio [AOR] 0.94, 95% CI:0.90-0.98), more likely to initiate alcohol consumption in the ongoing pandemic period (AOR 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05), and more likely to initiate binge drinking in both periods. The depression-alcohol use association was stronger among females than males. This study demonstrates a modest association between internalizing symptoms and alcohol use, particularly for depression symptoms and in females. The identified depression-alcohol use association suggests that preventing or treating depression might be beneficial for adolescent alcohol use and vice versa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood R Gohari
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Thepikaa Varatharajan
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Karen A Patte
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, Niagara Region, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines L2S 3A1, Ontario, Canada.
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Chair in Addictions Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton L8P 3R2, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Alsaif B, Algahtani FD, Alzain MA, Zrieq R, Aldhmadi BK, Alnasser B, Hassan SUN. Risk of depression, anxiety, and stress among the Saudi general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:304. [PMCID: PMC9748391 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-01010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Promoting mental health and wellness is crucial for healthy communities. This study aims to assess the vulnerability of experiencing psychological reactions such as depression, anxiety, and stress within the general population in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 754 participants recruited from thirteen regions of Saudi Arabia. The information on background variables was obtained by using a set of close-ended questions. The DASS-21, a screening tool was used to assess the risk of depression, anxiety, and stress. Pie-chart displayed the levels of risk to experience psychological reactions. The Chi-square test and Adjusted Odd Ratios (AOR) reported the risk factors associated with experiencing psychological reactions in the study population.
Results
The vulnerability to mild to extremely severe levels of stress, anxiety and depression were (36.5%), (34.9%), and (43.5%), respectively. Findings demonstrated that females were at higher risk to experience anxiety (AOR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.11–2.18) and stress (AOR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.10–2.10) as compared to males. Unmarried individuals had higher vulnerability for anxiety (AOR = 1.60; 95% CI 1.04–2.44) and depression (AOR = 1.55; 95% CI 1.02–2.37) as compared to married individuals. Those who lost their job during the pandemic had a higher risk to experience anxiety (AOR = 2.02; 95% CI 1.10–3.74) and depression (AOR = 2.01: 95% CI 1.09–3.87) as compared to those who remain employed. Diagnosis with COVID-19 was associated with anxiety (AOR = 2.40; 95% CI 1.27–4.52) and stress (AOR = 2. 0; 95% CI 1.10–3.69). Participants with chronic medical conditions were almost twice at risk to experience stress (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI 1.38–2.87) depression (AOR = 2.14; 95% CI 1.53–2.99) and anxiety (AOR = 2.59; 95% CI 1.78–3.78) as compared to those without such conditions.
Conclusions
Findings imply the allocation of adequate psychological resources to prevent long-term psychological repercussions in at-risk populations such as females, unmarried individuals, those who lost their jobs, diagnosed with COVID-19 and those with chronic medical conditions.
Collapse
|
56
|
Wood C, Chalmin-Pui LS, Smyth N, Rajcani J. Editorial: Nature-based social prescriptions for improving health and wellbeing. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1095064. [PMID: 36578683 PMCID: PMC9791649 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1095064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carly Wood
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Carly Wood
| | - Lauriane Suyin Chalmin-Pui
- Science Team, Royal Horticultural Society, Wisley, United Kingdom,Department of Landscape Architecture, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Smyth
- Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jakub Rajcani
- Department of Psychology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Mazzarella C, Spina A, Dallio M, Gravina AG, Romeo M, DI Mauro M, Loguercio C, Federico A. The analysis of alcohol consumption during the severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 Italian lockdown. Minerva Med 2022; 113:927-935. [PMID: 33949179 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.21.07354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 lockdown resulted in deep changes of lifestyles, promoting in many people the onset of psychological symptoms generally associated with drug and alcohol abuse. The aim of this study was to assess the variation of alcohol drinking habits in a sample of Italian citizens during lockdown and to identify the psychosocial factors surrounding it. METHODS An online anonymous questionnaire was created and submitted from April 9 to April 28, 2020. Questions were related to personal psychosocial details and alcohol drinking habits during the lockdown, including Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT C) questions. RESULTS On a total of 1234 surveys the increase of both anxiety and fear was largely detected (63% and 61% respectively). The 18% increased alcohol consumption during the lockdown and it showed a significant correlation with anxiety and fear experienced (both P<0.001). The relative risk for 7 to 9 and more than 10 drinks per day consumption were directly linked to these symptoms (P<0.001). The most involved categories of participants showed this harmful association were self-employed workers and participants who live alone, subject aged 30-50 with high level of instruction or students, and not occupied people in the age range 18-19 (all P<0.001). Additionally, the subset of the study population that showed low alcohol consumption before the lockdown has demonstrated the worsening of alcohol assumption during the quarantine (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Several psychosocial factors are involved in determining the increase of alcohol consumption during lockdown and need the healthcare support to avoid awful impact on human life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mazzarella
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Spina
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Dallio
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy -
| | - Antonietta G Gravina
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Romeo
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Carmelina Loguercio
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Federico
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Choi J, Kim N, Kim J, Choi I. Longitudinal examinations of changes in well-being during the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic: Testing the roles of extraversion and social distancing. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2022; 101:104306. [PMID: 36246045 PMCID: PMC9550294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2022.104306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present research, by using longitudinal data collected in South Korea (N = 69,986) during the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic (1 January-7 April 2020), examined the pandemic-related changes in the relationship between extraversion and well-being. Multilevel analyses revealed that participants experienced decreased well-being during the pandemic. When analyzing the responses (n = 3,229) completed during all the periods encompassing the COVID-19-related events (e.g., outbreak of COVID-19), we found the greater within-person decreases in well-being among extraverts than introverts after the intensive social distancing. This finding suggests that social distancing, as a necessary means to curb the spread of COVID-19, inadvertently reduced well-being of extraverts. Implications for the person-environment fit literature, limitations, and future research avenues are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jongan Choi
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, South Korea,Institute for Hope Research, Sogang University, South Korea
| | - Namhee Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Jinhyung Kim
- Institute for Hope Research, Sogang University, South Korea,Department of Psychology, Sogang University, South Korea,Corresponding authors at: Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, South Korea (J.K.); Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea (I.C.)
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, South Korea,Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, South Korea,Corresponding authors at: Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, South Korea (J.K.); Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea (I.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Deng Y, Yang J, Wang L, Chen Y. The Road Less Traveled: How COVID-19 Patients Use Metaphors to Frame Their Lived Experiences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15979. [PMID: 36498049 PMCID: PMC9740225 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Metaphor provides an important intellectual tool for communication about intense disease experiences. The present study aimed to investigate how COVID-19-infected persons metaphorically frame their lived experiences of COVID-19, and how the pandemic impacts on their mental health burden. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 33 patients afflicted with COVID-19. Metaphor analysis of patient narratives demonstrated that: (1) COVID-19 infection impacted patient conceptualization of themselves and the relationship between the "self" and the body, as well as social relationships. (2) Metaphors relating to physical experience, space and time, and integrative behaviors tended to be used by COVID-19 patients in a negative way, whereas war metaphors, family metaphors, temperature metaphors, and light metaphors were likely to express positive attitudes. (3) Patients preferred to employ conventional metaphors grounded on embodied sensorimotor experiences to conceptualize their extreme emotional experiences. This study has important implications with respect to the therapeutic function of metaphors in clinical communication between healthcare professionals and COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- College of Language Intelligence, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
| | - Jixue Yang
- School of English Studies, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
- Zengcheng Experimental School of Guangzhou Zhixin Middle School, Guangzhou 511300, China
| | - Li Wang
- Science and Education Department, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Department of Infection Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Antunes R, Monteiro D, Silva C, Filipe D, Cordeiro F, Frontini R. Motivation and anxiety during the second COVID-19 lockdown in gym exercisers: The mediating role of affects and satisfaction with life. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-11. [PMID: 36468169 PMCID: PMC9684858 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the association between motivation (self-determined and non-self-determined motivation), positive and negative affect, life satisfaction and state-anxiety in a sample of gym exercisers, during the 2nd COVID-19 lockdown in Portugal. Also, we aimed to analyze the possible mediating role of positive and negative affect and life satisfaction in the relationship between motivation and levels of state-anxiety. A total of 201 gym participants (30.42 ± 11.22) were enrolled in the present study, of which 116 (57.7%) were women and 85 (42.3%) were men. The survey included sociodemographic data as well as the subsequently validated instruments: the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The results revealed a positive association between state-anxiety and negative affect (r = .69), controlled motivation (r = .33), and autonomous motivation (r = .25). Still, state-anxiety was negatively associated with positive affect (r = -.40) and with satisfaction with life (r = -.43),. In addition, the results of mediation analysis, revealed inconsistent mediation of positive affect and life satisfaction in the relationship between autonomous motivation and state-anxiety. However, a total mediation was observed through negative affect and life satisfaction in the relationship between controlled motivation and anxiety since the indirect effect (β = .27) is higher than the direct effect (β = .06). Overall, the results reinforce that positive affect and satisfaction with life could act as a possible buffer against state-anxiety in gym exercisers and, thus, should be considered in future interventions and studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Antunes
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - D. Monteiro
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - C. Silva
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - D. Filipe
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - F. Cordeiro
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - R. Frontini
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Kaur MN, Tsangaris E, Dey T, Deibert S, Kueper J, Edelen M, Pusic AL. Using patient-reported outcome measures to assess psychological well-being in a non-representative US general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2022; 6:116. [PMID: 36394670 PMCID: PMC9672168 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-022-00526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological well-being will likely be long-lasting. Efforts directed towards monitoring the onset and progression of distress and mental health disorders are needed to identify and prioritize at-risk populations. This study assesses the psychological well-being of the United States (US) general population during the early phase of the COVID-19 COVID-19 pandemic using validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). METHODS A cross-sectional study design was used. Adults (18 years or older) who could read and write in English were recruited through Prolific in May 2020. Participants completed a REDCap survey including demographic and health-related questions and three PROMs measuring global health (PROMIS-10 Global Health), anxiety [Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7)], and depression [Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)]. A multivariable linear regression was used to identify key factors associated with worse psychological well-being. RESULTS Mean age of the 2023 participants was 31.92 ± 11.57 years (range, 18-82). Participants were mainly White (64.7%, n = 1309), female (52.2%, n = 1057), working full-time before the pandemic (43.5%, n = 879), and completed a college, trade, or university degree (40.7%, n = 823). Most participants reported mild to severe anxiety (57.3%, n = 1158) and depression (60%, n = 1276) on the GAD-7 and PHQ-9, respectively. Patient characteristics associated with worse psychological well-being included: age ≤ 39 years, non-White, female or gender diverse, BMI ≥ 30, uninsured, annual income ≤ $49,999 (USD), lower educational attainment, and belief that COVID-19 is deadlier than flu. CONCLUSION PROMs can be used to assess and monitor psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and to inform the planning and delivery of targeted public health interventions to support at-risk populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manraj N. Kaur
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Department of Surgery, Patient-Reported Outcomes, Value and Experience (PROVE) Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Elena Tsangaris
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XBrigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Tanujit Dey
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XCenter for Surgery and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Shelby Deibert
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1 Canada
| | - Janina Kueper
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Department of Surgery, Patient-Reported Outcomes, Value and Experience (PROVE) Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Maria Edelen
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XBrigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Andrea L. Pusic
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XBrigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Cunza-Aranzábal DF, Morales-García WC, Saintila J, Huancahuire-Vega S, Ruiz Mamani PG. Psychometric Analysis of the Quarantine Coping Strategies Scale (Q-COPE) in the Spanish Language. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14847. [PMID: 36429563 PMCID: PMC9690774 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of facing an epidemic or pandemic resulting in mandatory isolation or quarantine has become a relevant construct for comparing and evaluating coping strategies under such conditions. The objective of this research was to develop and analyze the psychometric properties of a scale to assess quarantine coping strategies (Q-COPE). This was an instrumental study and 1110 Peruvian adults (M = 26.9 years; SD = 9.77) participated in the context of social isolation. For the construction of the scale, qualitative and quantitative procedures were followed. The internal structure was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The content analysis by expert judges supports the representativeness of the items related to the construct. EFA and CFA allowed the establishment of five factors: Emotional regulation, Information, Accommodation, Social support, and Altruism. The first-order model presents adequate goodness-of-fit indices: χ2 = 489.048, df = 220, χ2/df = 2.223, SRMR = 0.025, CFI = 0.969, TLI = 0.965, RMSEA = 0.047. Likewise, the second order model presented similar values: χ2 = 499.674, df = 225, χ2/df = 2.221, SRMR = 0.026, CFI = 0.969, TLI = 0.965, RMSEA = 0.047. The 23-item version was consistent with the proposed theory, obtained adequate fit indices and acceptable factor loadings (>0.70), and presented good internal consistency indexes evaluated by Cronbach's α, ordinal α, omega (ω), and H coefficient. It is concluded that the Q-COPE scale presents good psychometric properties that justify its use in an adult population and allows the assessment of the coping strategies that people use in the face of a quarantine situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jacksaint Saintila
- Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo 14000, Peru
| | | | - Percy G. Ruiz Mamani
- Escuela Profesional de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima 15067, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Li Y, Chen X, Wang X, Shang J, Niu L, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhang W. The Effects of Paroxetine on Benthic Microbial Food Web and Nitrogen Transformation in River Sediments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14602. [PMID: 36361481 PMCID: PMC9657768 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Paroxetine is a common pharmaceutical to treat depression and has been found to pose threats to aquatic organisms. However, little is known about the effects of paroxetine on the nutrient cycle in aquatic environments. Therefore, DNA metabarcoding is used in this study to analyze the effects of paroxetine on multi-trophic microorganisms and nitrogen transformation in river sediments. Although paroxetine has no significant effect on the diversity of microbenthos, changes in benthic nitrogen-converting bacteria are consistent with the change in the various forms of nitrogen in the sediment, indicating that paroxetine affects the nitrogen conversion process by affecting nitrogen-converting bacteria. In addition, it is found that paroxetine has the ability to influence nitrogen transformation in an indirect way by affecting the trophic transfer efficiency of higher trophic levels (meiofauna and protozoa, protozoa and protozoa), subsequently affecting the growth of nitrogen-converting bacteria through a top-down mechanism (i.e., predation).The results show that paroxetine affects nitrogen transformation directly by affecting nitrogen-converting bacteria and indirectly through top-down effects, emphasizing that the assessment of paroxetine's ecological risks should consider species within different trophic levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xinqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
- Jiangsu Nanjing Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing 210013, China
| | - Xinzi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiahui Shang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Lihua Niu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Huanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Comportamento suicida durante a pandemia da COVID-19: aspectos clínicos e fatores associados. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ao02717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
|
65
|
Wood CJ, Barton JL, Wicks CL. The Impact of Therapeutic Community Gardening on the Wellbeing, Loneliness, and Life Satisfaction of Individuals with Mental Illness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13166. [PMID: 36293750 PMCID: PMC9602650 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND literature on the mental health benefits of therapeutic community gardening is not specific to individuals with mental illness and reports short-term outcomes. The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on intervention effectiveness is also unknown. This study examined the impact of therapeutic community gardening prior to and across the pandemic on the wellbeing of individuals referred for support with their mental illness. METHODS garden members (n = 53; male = 36, female = 17) aged 47.38 ± 13.09 years reported their wellbeing at baseline and four follow-up points (FU1-FU4) across the pandemic. RESULTS there was significant quadratic growth in wellbeing (-1.248; p < 0.001) that varied between genders (p = 0.021). At baseline, male wellbeing scores were significantly lower (p = 0.020) than the UK population norm, but there were no significant differences at any other follow-up point. Female wellbeing was significantly lower than the UK population norm at baseline (p < 0.001), FU1 (p = 0.012) and FU2 (p < 0.001), but not FU3 and FU4. CONCLUSION therapeutic community gardening can improve and maintain the wellbeing of individuals with mental illness, even when wellbeing is deteriorating nationally. Future research should further demonstrate the long-term and cost-effectiveness of interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carly J. Wood
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Jo L. Barton
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Claire L. Wicks
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Hoffmann A, Plotkina D, Broihanne MH, Göritz A, Kleimeier S. Differences in and drivers of mental, social, functional, and financial well-being during COVID-19: Evidence from Australia, France, Germany, and South Africa. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276077. [PMID: 36228025 PMCID: PMC9560554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has a substantial and unexpected impact on individuals' daily life around the world. Unprecedented public health restrictions such as lockdowns have the potential to affect multiple dimensions of individuals' well-being, while the severity of such restrictions varies across countries. However, a holistic perspective comparing differences in and drivers of the different dimensions of well-being across countries differentially affected by COVID-19 is missing to date. We address this gap in the literature by examining the mental, social, functional, and financial well-being of 2,100 individuals across Australia, France, Germany, and South Africa by means of a survey administered during May of 2021. Supporting our holistic approach, we find that the different dimensions of well-being are correlated, with survey respondents from France reporting the lowest and those from Australia reporting the highest overall level of well-being. Respondents' subjective and objective evaluations of their living conditions during lockdowns as well as positive health and financial behaviors are positively associated with their well-being during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arvid Hoffmann
- Adelaide Business School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Daria Plotkina
- EM Strasbourg Business School, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Anja Göritz
- Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kleimeier
- Faculty of Management, Open University, Heerlen, The Netherlands
- School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- University of Stellenbosch Business School, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Qi Y, Lepe A, Almansa J, Ots P, de Kroon ML, Vrooman JC, Reijneveld SA, Brouwer S, Deelen P, Lanting P, Vonk JM, Nolte I, Ori AP, Claringbould A, Boulogne F, Dijkema MX, Wiersma HH, Warmerdam R, Jankipersadsing SA, Vrooman JC, Reijneveld SA, Brouwer S. Increases in symptoms of depression and anxiety in adults during the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic are limited to those with less resources: Results from the Lifelines Cohort Study. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 154:151-158. [PMID: 35940000 PMCID: PMC9286758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic may have a differential impact on mental health based on an individual's capital, i.e. resources available to maintain and enhance health. We assessed trajectories of depression and anxiety symptoms, and their association with different elements of capital. METHODS Data on 65,854 individuals (mean baseline age = 50·4 (SD = 12·0) years) from the Lifelines COVID-19 cohort were used. Baseline mental health symptoms were on average measured 4.7 (SD = 1·1) years before the first COVID-19 measurement wave, and subsequent waves were (bi)weekly (March 30─August 05, 2020). Mental health symptom trajectories were estimated using a two-part Latent Class Growth Analysis. Class membership was predicted by economic (education, income, and occupation) and person capital (neuroticism, poor health condition, and obesity) FINDINGS: Most individuals were unlikely to report symptoms of depression (80·6%) or anxiety (75·9%), but stable-high classes were identified for both conditions (1·6% and 6·7%, respectively). The stable-high depression class saw the greatest increase in symptoms after COVID, and the stable-high anxiety class reported an increase in the probability of reporting symptoms after COVID. At the first COVID-measurement, the mean number of symptoms increased compared to baseline (depression:4·7 vs 4·1; anxiety:4·3 vs 4·2); the probability of reporting symptoms also increased (depression:0·96 vs 0·65; anxiety:0·92 vs 0·70). Membership in these classes was generally predicted by less capital, especially person capital; odds ratios for person capital ranged from 1·10-2·22 for depression and 1·08-1·51 for anxiety. INTERPRETATION A minority of individuals, possessing less capital, reported an increase in symptoms of depression or anxiety after COVID. FUNDING This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Qi
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Alexander Lepe
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Josué Almansa
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia Ots
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marlou L.A. de Kroon
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lifelines Corona Research InitiativeBoezenH.M.cMierauJ.O.deFrankeH.L.fDekensJ.fgDeelenP.fLantingPaulinefVonkJudith M.fNolteIljacOriAnil P.S.fhClaringbouldAnniquefBoulogneFlorannefDijkemaMarjolein X.L.fWiersmaHenry H.fWarmerdamRobertfJankipersadsingSoesma A.fDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the NetherlandsFaculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, the NetherlandsAletta Jacobs School of Public Health, Groningen, the NetherlandsDepartment of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the NetherlandsCenter of Development and Innovation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the NetherlandsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J. Cok Vrooman
- Department of Sociology/ICS, Utrecht University, Netherlands Institute for Social Research, the Netherlands
| | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Brouwer
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
68
|
Wan Tham S, Murray CB, Law EF, Slack KE, Palermo TM. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pain and psychological functioning in young adults with chronic pain. Pain 2022; 163:e1095-e1101. [PMID: 35413028 PMCID: PMC9470785 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Data are equivocal on the consequences of COVID-19 pandemic on pain and well-being for individuals with chronic pain. Furthermore, little is known regarding its impact on the health of young adults with chronic pain. We conducted a longitudinal study to compare pain, psychological functioning, and substance use before and during the pandemic of 196 young adults with chronic pain. Participants aged 18 to 24 years (M = 21.1 years; 79.6% females) reported on pain, anxiety, depression, and substance use before (October 2018-August 2019) and during the pandemic (October 2020-November 2020), in addition to the assessment of COVID-19 exposure and its impact. Before the pandemic, young adults experienced mild-to-moderate pain intensity (M = 3.75, SD = 2.33) and pain interference (M = 3.44, SD = 2.69). Findings were that pain intensity, pain interference, and depression symptoms remained stable during the pandemic. In contrast, anxiety symptoms increased significantly (M = 8.21, SD = 5.84 vs M = 8.89, SD = 5.95, P = 0.04). Tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use were unchanged. Mixed linear models revealed that COVID-19 exposure and impact were not associated with changes in pain intensity or interference, with female sex associated with increased pain intensity (β = 0.86, P = 0.02) and pain interference (β = 0.87, P = 0.02). Our findings indicated relative stability of pain symptoms experienced by young adults with chronic pain. However, the increases in anxiety highlight the need to facilitate treatment access for mental health services to mitigate downstream impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- See Wan Tham
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Caitlin B. Murray
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Emily F. Law
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Katherine E. Slack
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Tonya M. Palermo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Gillen P, Neill RD, Mallett J, Moriarty J, Manthorpe J, Schroder H, Currie D, McGrory S, Nicholl P, Ravalier J, McFadden P. Wellbeing and coping of UK nurses, midwives and allied health professionals during COVID-19-a cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274036. [PMID: 36129890 PMCID: PMC9491587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nurse, Midwives and Allied Health Professionals (AHPs), along with other health and social care colleagues are the backbone of healthcare services. They have played a key role in responding to the increased demands on healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper compares cross-sectional data on quality of working life, wellbeing, coping and burnout of nurses, midwives and AHPs in the United Kingdom (UK) at two time points during the COVID-19 pandemic. An anonymous online repeated cross-sectional survey was conducted at two timepoints, Phase 1 (7th May 2020-3rd July 2020); Phase 2 (17th November 2020-1st February 2021). The survey consisted of the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, the Work-Related Quality of Life Scale, and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (Phase 2 only) to measure wellbeing, quality of working life and burnout. The Brief COPE scale and Strategies for Coping with Work and Family Stressors scale assessed coping strategies. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regressions examined the effects of coping strategies and demographic and work-related variables on wellbeing and quality of working life. A total of 1839 nurses, midwives and AHPs responded to the first or second survey, with a final sample of 1410 respondents -586 from Phase 1; 824 from Phase 2, (422 nurses, 192 midwives and 796 AHPs). Wellbeing and quality of working life scores were significantly lower in the Phase 2 sample compared to respondents in Phase 1 (p<0.001). The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on psychological wellbeing and quality of working life which decreased while the use of negative coping and burnout of these healthcare professionals increased. Health services are now trying to respond to the needs of patients with COVID-19 variants while rebuilding services and tackling the backlog of normal care provision. This workforce would benefit from additional support/services to prevent further deterioration in mental health and wellbeing and optimise workforce retention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gillen
- School of Nursing Jordanstown Campus, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Southern Health and Social Care Trust, Portadown, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth D. Neill
- School of Applied Social and Policy Sciences, Ulster University, Derry-Londonderry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - John Mallett
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - John Moriarty
- School of Social Sciences, Education and Social Work, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Manthorpe
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Health and Social Care Workforce, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heike Schroder
- Queen’s Management School, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Denise Currie
- Queen’s Management School, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Susan McGrory
- School of Nursing Jordanstown Campus, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Nicholl
- School of Social Sciences, Education and Social Work, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paula McFadden
- School of Applied Social and Policy Sciences, Ulster University, Derry-Londonderry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
De la Rosa A, Monterrosa Quintero A, Camacho-Villa MA, Arc-Chagnaud C, de Andrade AGP, Reyes-Correa S, Quintero-Bernal R, Fuentes-García JP. Physical Activity Levels and Psychological Well-Being during COVID-19 Lockdown among University Students and Employees. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11234. [PMID: 36141525 PMCID: PMC9517636 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During the lockdown for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), entire populations were instructed to live in home confinement. We investigated the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on the physical activity (PA) and mental health of students and employees in a Colombian University. A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey during the first isolation. A total of 431 respondents (192 males) aged 18-60 years old (28.1 ± 11.1 years) participated. The international Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the short version of the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI-S) were used. The lockdown had a negative effect on PA levels, with students exhibiting the greatest decrease (~34%; p ˂ 0.001) compared to employees (~24%; p ˂ 0.01). The analysis showed a greater change in PA behavior before and during the lockdown in highly active student participants (5750 vs. 5141 MET min/week; p < 0.05). Additionally, the psychological assessment revealed a lower score in students compared to employees in the male (70.1 vs. 82.6) and female groups (60.2 vs. 79.6). Moreover, the results revealed an influence of sex, with only the female students exhibiting a state of distress. Self-reported PA and psychological well-being were compromised during the COVID-19 lockdown in the academic community, with students and females being more affected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián De la Rosa
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Sports Science and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga 680006, Santander, Colombia
| | - Armando Monterrosa Quintero
- Research Group SER-SICIDE, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Universidad Católica de Oriente (UCO), Rionegro 054040, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - María Alejandra Camacho-Villa
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Sports Science and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga 680006, Santander, Colombia
| | - Coralie Arc-Chagnaud
- Laboratoire MOVE, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | | | - Sergio Reyes-Correa
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Sports Science and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga 680006, Santander, Colombia
| | - Ronald Quintero-Bernal
- Physical Activity and Sport Program, Sports Science and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga 680006, Santander, Colombia
| | - Juan Pedro Fuentes-García
- Didactic and Behavioral Analysis of Sports Research Group (ADICODE), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Mansouri F, Lahlou L, Camara M, Seck S, Hadji Makhtar Ba E, Thiam MH. [Assessing psychological, anxiety, depression and stress levels of Senegalese general population during COVID-19 pandemic]. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2022:S0003-4487(22)00279-7. [PMID: 36091092 PMCID: PMC9444494 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES - Assessing of Impact of Event, depression, anxiety and stress levels in the Senegalese general population during the COVID19 pandemic and identifying associated factors. METHODS - Socio-demographic data, psychological impact of the pandemic, and mental health status of participants were collected using an online questionnaire administered to the general population of Senegal between April 1st and April 30th 2021. Psychological impact and mental health status were assessed, respectively, by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21 (DASS21). The data were analyzed by Jamovi software, version 1.6.23. Logistic regression in univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine statistically significant associations with a significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS - We enrolled 447 respondents with 19% reporting a moderate to severe psychological impact of the outbreak. Respectively 13.4%, 5.1% and 15.2% had moderate to extremely severe symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Statistically significant associations with higher odds of severe levels of psychological impact of the event, depression, anxiety, and stress were represented by five characteristics: Living in Dakar, no formal education, a personal medical chronic disease, a close family member with a chronic medical disease and poor to very poor self-reported health status. CONCLUSION - This study determined the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and stress in the Senegalese general population during the COVID19 pandemic. Our study assessed the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and stress in the general population of Senegal during the COVID pandemic19. It confirms that the pandemic has truly an impact on the mental health of the Senegalese population. This impact is strongly influenced by geographic area and level of education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faouz Mansouri
- Interne de psychiatrie, Service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier National de Fann, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Laila Lahlou
- Professeur de médecine communautaire, épidémiologie et santé publique, Faculté de Médecine et de pharmacie d'Agadir, Université Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Maroc
| | - Momar Camara
- Professeur Assimilé de psychiatrie, service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier National de Fann, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Sokhna Seck
- Professeur Assimilé de psychiatrie, service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier National de Fann, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - El Hadji Makhtar Ba
- Professeur Assimilé de psychiatrie, service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier National de Fann, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Mamadou Habib Thiam
- Professeur Titulaire de psychiatrie et chef de service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire National de Fann, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Ranjbarnia B, Kamelifar MJ, Masoumi H. The Association between Active Mobility and Subjective Wellbeing during COVID-19 in MENA Countries. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1603. [PMID: 36141215 PMCID: PMC9498887 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To augment the international scientific approach to raising public mental health through active lifestyle among adults, we added the evidence of the association between physical activity and subjective wellbeing in the Middle East and North Africa region by emphasizing the mediator—COVID-19. This study aimed to identify the correlations between active mobility and subjective wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample from Tabriz, Iran, which has not yet been tackled in previous study. Methods: We finalized an online survey (N = 603) from adults between 5 June and 15 July 2021. This group reported their individual and socio-economic characteristics and their perception features and location (e.g., home, work) during COVID-19. The paper developed three ordinal logistic regression (OLR) models to examine the association between active mobility types such as commute, non-commute, frequency of active travel to parks and services per week, and different subjective wellbeing including: 1- life satisfaction, 2- feeling energetic, and 3- peaceful mind while controlling for socio-economic variables (e.g., age, gender, education, job, and income) and objective commute distance. We also incorporated the most relevant objective (street length, land-use mix, number of intersections, and building and population density) and subjective (perceived distance to different services, perceived walking places, and perceived facilities attractiveness) factors. Results: Positive response relationships between four types of physical activity levels and subjective wellbeing scores were demonstrated in all of the three developed models (with significant levels of 0.05, and 0.1) with appropriate model fits, which confirmed the existing literature. However, these relationships showed different patterns (varied significant levels) for each type of subjective wellbeing. In addition, the factors including street length (p value: 0.004), perceived walkable places (p value: 0.021, 0.068, 0.017, and 0.025) (positively), population density, and perceived distance to shopping malls (p value: 0.076, <0.0001, and 0.059 (negatively) were associated with different indicators of subjective wellbeing. Conclusion: As for the implication of our study, special actions by urban authorities such as increasing mixed-use and creating attractive places will be required to enhance the walkability of the neighborhoods. Moreover, notifying the adults regarding the benefits of physical activity is much more needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Ranjbarnia
- Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | | | - Houshmand Masoumi
- Center for Technology and Society, Technische Universität Berlin, Kaiserin-Augusta-Alle 104, 10553 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Transport and Supply Chain Management, College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Goldstein Ferber S, Shoval G, Zalsman G, Weller A. Does COVID-19 related symptomatology indicate a transdiagnostic neuropsychiatric disorder? - Multidisciplinary implications. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:1004-1015. [PMID: 36158308 PMCID: PMC9476837 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i8.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical presentation that emerges from the extensive coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mental health literature suggests high correlations among many conventional psychiatric diagnoses. Arguments against the use of multiple comorbidities for a single patient have been published long before the pandemic. Concurrently, diagnostic recommendations for use of transdiagnostic considerations for improved treatment have been also published in recent years. In this review, we pose the question of whether a transdiagnostic mental health disease, including psychiatric and neuropsychiatric symptomology, has emerged since the onset of the pandemic. There are many attempts to identify a syndrome related to the pandemic, but none of the validated scales is able to capture the entire psychiatric and neuropsychiatric clinical presentation in infected and non-infected individuals. These scales also only marginally touch the issue of etiology and prevalence. We suggest a working hypothesis termed Complex Stress Reaction Syndrome (CSRS) representing a global psychiatric reaction to the pandemic situation in the general population (Type A) and a neuropsychiatric reaction in infected individuals (Type B) which relates to neurocognitive and psychiatric features which are part (excluding systemic and metabolic dysfunctions) of the syndrome termed in the literature as long COVID. We base our propositions on multidisciplinary scientific data regarding mental health during the global pandemic situation and the effects of viral infection reviewed from Google Scholar and PubMed between February 1, 2022 and March 10, 2022. Search in-clusion criteria were "mental health", "COVID-19" and "Long COVID", English language and human studies only. We suggest that this more comprehensive way of understanding COVID-19 complex mental health reactions may promote better prevention and treatment and serve to guide implementation of recommended administrative regulations that were recently published by the World Psychiatric Association. This review may serve as a call for an international investigation of our working hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sari Goldstein Ferber
- Department of Psychology and Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5317000, Israel
| | - Gal Shoval
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Neuroscience, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
| | - Gil Zalsman
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Aron Weller
- Department of Psychology and Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5317000, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Wu X, Ding Z, Fan T, Wang K, Li S, Zhao J, Zhu W. Childhood social isolation causes anxiety-like behaviors via the damage of blood-brain barrier in amygdala in female mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:943067. [PMID: 36051441 PMCID: PMC9424755 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.943067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Social interaction plays an essential role in species survival for socialized animals. Previous studies have shown that a lack of social interaction such as social isolation, especially in the early-life phase, increases the risk of developing mental diseases in adulthood. Chronic social stress alters blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and increases peripheral cytokines to infiltrate the brain, which is linked to the development of depressive-like behaviors in mice, suggesting that BBB function is crucial in environmental stimuli-driven mood disorders via increased neuroinflammation in the brain. However, the precise mechanisms of inflammation and BBB integrity underlying the behavioral profiles induced by social isolation remain poorly understood. Here we showed that chronic childhood social isolation from post-weaning for consecutive 8 weeks in female but not male C57BL/6J mice induces anxiety-like behaviors. The levels of peripheral inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the plasma of socially isolated female mice were increased. Importantly, we found decreased expression of the endothelial cell tight junction protein Claudin-5, increased BBB breakdown and microglial activation in the amygdala of isolated but not group-housed female mice. Moreover, the neuronal activity in the amygdala was increased as evidenced by c-fos positive cells, and the levels of IL-1β in the amygdala, a critical brain region for regulating social processing and interaction, were also higher in female mice exposed to social isolation. Finally, down-regulation of Claudin-5 induced anxiety-like behaviors in group-housed females and overexpression of Claudin-5 with adeno-associated virus in the amygdala to restore BBB integrity decreased subsequent anxiety-like behaviors. Together, these findings suggest that chronic childhood social isolation impaired BBB permeability and caused neuroinflammation in the amygdala by recruiting peripheral cytokines into the brain and activating microglia, consequently triggering the development of anxiety-like behaviors in female mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zengbo Ding
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tengteng Fan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Suxia Li
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Zhao, ; Weili Zhu,
| | - Weili Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Zhao, ; Weili Zhu,
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Kim HY, Park H. [Effects of Fear of Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Social Distancing on Women's Suicidal Ideation: Mediating Effect of Depression]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2022; 52:464-475. [PMID: 36117306 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.22078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of depression amid the influence of fear and social distancing arising from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korean women's suicidal ideation. METHODS A descriptive correlation study was conducted. Study participants, recruited by Hankook Research from March 2 to March 5, 2021, included 300 women aged 19 to 49 living in South Korea, and 100 people were randomly allocated and enlisted for each age group out of 700,000 Hankook Research Panels recruited in advance from 17 cities and provinces nationwide. Data were collected through a self-reported questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and Hayes' Process Macro Model 4 with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval via SPSS statistics 27.0. RESULTS Suicidal ideation was significantly correlated with fear of COVID-19 (r = .16, p = .006) and depression (r = .65, p < .001). The mediation effect of depression in the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and suicidal ideation was found to be significant (B = 0.40, boot 95% CI: 0.21~0.61). However, social distancing did not significantly affect suicidal ideation via depression (B = -0.79, boot 95% CI: -1.94~0.26). CONCLUSION It is necessary to develop and apply interventions to prevent depression and suicidal behaviors by continuously observing and reducing the negative psychological responses caused by COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Yeon Kim
- Department of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Hanjong Park
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Lubetkin EI, Long D, Haagsma JA, Janssen MF, Bonsel GJ. Health inequities as measured by the EQ-5D-5L during COVID-19: Results from New York in healthy and diseased persons. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272252. [PMID: 35901071 PMCID: PMC9333246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic caused considerable psychological and physical effects in healthy and diseased New Yorkers aside from the effects in those who were infected. We investigated the relationship between known risk-enhancing and health-promoting factors (social and medical), comorbidity indicators, and, as the primary outcome, health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS Between April 22 and May 5, 2020, a market research agency (Dynata) administered a digital survey including the EQ-5D-5L and items related to individual characteristics, social position, occupational and insurance status, living situation, exposures (smoking and COVID-19), detailed chronic conditions, and experienced access to care to an existing internet panel representative of New Yorkers. RESULTS 2684 persons completed the questionnaire. The median age was 48 years old, and most respondents were non-Hispanic white (74%) and reported at least higher vocational training or a university education (83%). During COVID-19, mean HRQoL scores were 0.82 for the EQ-5D-5L index and 79.3 for the EQ VAS. Scores varied for healthy and diseased respondents differently by the above determinants. Lower age, impaired occupational status, loss of health insurance, and limited access to care exerted more influence on EQ-5D-5L scores of diseased persons compared to healthy persons. Among diseased persons, the number of chronic conditions and limited access to health care had the strongest association with EQ-5D-5L scores. While EQ-5D-5L scores improved with increasing age, gender had no noticeable effect. Deprivation factors showed moderate effects, which largely disappeared in (stratified) multivariable analysis, suggesting mediation through excess chronic morbidity and poor healthcare access. Generally, modifying effects were larger in the EQ-5D-5L as compared to the EQ VAS. CONCLUSIONS Almost all factors relating to a disadvantaged position showed a negative association with HRQoL. In diseased respondents, pre-existing chronic comorbidity and experienced access to health care are key factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica I. Lubetkin
- Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Di Long
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juanita A. Haagsma
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu F. Janssen
- Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gouke J. Bonsel
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- EuroQol Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Pugliese E, Mosca O, Paolini D, Mancini F, Puntonieri D, Maricchiolo F. Families in quarantine for COVID-19 in Italy. Resilience as a buffer of parental distress and problematic children's emotions and behaviors. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-13. [PMID: 35910234 PMCID: PMC9309599 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03374-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The pandemic of Covid-19 has had a high impact on people's lives and especially on families. In Italy, in 2020, the several forced closures led families to live indoors to manage anxiety and distress. It was considered appropriate to investigate which protective factors, like parental resilience, can mitigate the negative impact of pandemic-related distress on family life. We have conducted two online surveys during different national lockdowns for Covid-19. The first survey was conducted immediately after the disruption of the virus and the second one after nine months. We measured parental resilience and distress, anxiety, problematic behaviors, and somatization of their children (as assessed by the parents). The aim was to investigate the protective role of parental resilience in mitigating parental distress and in turn problematic emotional states and behavior of their children. Mediation analyses confirmed the hypothesis that parental resilience lowers parental distress and consequently the anxiety and behavioral disorders of their children in both acute distress (first study) and chronic distress (second study) situations. Such results suggest that the improvement of parents' resilience can buffer the negative impact of pandemic-related parental distress and children's behavioral problems on both occasions. The need for focused interventions and treatments aimed to reinforce parental resilience is discussed. Targeted prevention and support strategies are needed now, and early in case of future health crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. Pugliese
- Associazione Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva (APC-SPC), Rome, Italy
| | - O. Mosca
- Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - D. Paolini
- Department of Human Science, Italian University Line (IUL), Florence, Italy
| | - F. Mancini
- Associazione Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva (APC-SPC), Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences, Marconi University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - F. Maricchiolo
- Department of Education, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Sunesson E, Sylwander C, Haglund E, Andersson MLE, Larsson I. Experiences of How Health and Lifestyle among Individuals with Knee Pain Have Been Influenced during the COVID-19 Pandemic, a HALLOA Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148255. [PMID: 35886110 PMCID: PMC9315972 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the health and lifestyles of both the general population and of vulnerable groups. Individuals with knee pain are recommended to lead an active lifestyle to relieve pain but find it difficult to maintain health and lifestyle compared to the general population due to the cause of chronic pain, impaired physical function, and a diminished quality of life. This study aimed to explore experiences of how health and lifestyle among individuals with knee pain have been influenced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews (n = 19) were conducted in 2021 and analysed with qualitative content analysis. The results showed how individuals with knee pain adjusted their behaviour and revalued their life to maintain health and lifestyle during COVID-19. Adjusted behaviours emerged, such as spending more time at home, becoming digital, and spending more time outdoors, while revaluing life emerged as having a positive outlook on life and sharing responsibility. In conclusion, behaviour was adjusted, and life revalued to manage health and lifestyle during the pandemic. However, the findings are probably similar to the general population, i.e., individuals with knee pain live similar lives as the general population despite knee pain. The results may contribute to alternative ways of maintaining health and lifestyle in various vulnerable groups and may be applied in situations other than the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Sunesson
- Spenshult Research and Development Centre, SE-30274 Halmstad, Sweden; (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.H.); (M.L.E.A.)
| | - Charlotte Sylwander
- Spenshult Research and Development Centre, SE-30274 Halmstad, Sweden; (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.H.); (M.L.E.A.)
- Department of Health and Care, School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, SE-30118 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Emma Haglund
- Spenshult Research and Development Centre, SE-30274 Halmstad, Sweden; (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.H.); (M.L.E.A.)
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22242 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, SE-30118 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Maria L. E. Andersson
- Spenshult Research and Development Centre, SE-30274 Halmstad, Sweden; (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.H.); (M.L.E.A.)
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22242 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Larsson
- Spenshult Research and Development Centre, SE-30274 Halmstad, Sweden; (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.H.); (M.L.E.A.)
- Department of Health and Care, School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, SE-30118 Halmstad, Sweden
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22242 Lund, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-72-977-3722
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Daimer S, Mihatsch LL, Neufeld SAS, Murray GK, Knolle F. Investigating the relationship of COVID-19 related stress and media consumption with schizotypy, depression, and anxiety in cross-sectional surveys repeated throughout the pandemic in Germany and the UK. eLife 2022; 11:75893. [PMID: 35781372 PMCID: PMC9252577 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies report a strong impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related stressors on the mental well-being of the general population. In this paper, we investigated whether COVID-19 related concerns and social adversity affected schizotypal traits, anxiety, and depression using structural equational modelling. In mediation analyses, we furthermore explored whether these associations were mediated by healthy (sleep and physical exercise) or unhealthy behaviours (drug and alcohol consumption, excessive media use). Methods: We assessed schizotypy, depression, and anxiety as well as healthy and unhealthy behaviours and a wide range of sociodemographic scores using online surveys from residents of Germany and the United Kingdom over 1 year during the COVID-19 pandemic. Four independent samples were collected (April/May 2020: N=781, September/October 2020: N=498, January/February 2021: N=544, May 2021: N=486). The degree of schizotypy was measured using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), anxiety, and depression symptoms were surveyed with the Symptom Checklist (SCL-27), and healthy and unhealthy behaviours were assessed with the Coronavirus Health Impact Survey (CRISIS). Structural equation models were used to consider the influence of COVID-19 related concerns and social adversity on depressive and anxiety-related symptoms and schizotypal traits in relation to certain healthy (sleep and exercise) and unhealthy behaviours (alcohol and drug consumption, excessive media use). Results: The results revealed that COVID-19 related life concerns were significantly associated with schizotypy in the September/October 2020 and May 2021 surveys, with anxiety in the September/October 2020, January/February 2021, and May 2021 surveys, and with depressive symptoms in all surveys. Social adversity significantly affected the expression of schizotypal traits and depressive and anxiety symptoms in all four surveys. Importantly, we found that excessive media consumption (>4 hr per day) fully mediated the relationship between COVID-19 related life concerns and schizotypal traits in the January/February 2021 survey. Furthermore, several of the surveys showed that excessive media consumption was associated with increased depressive and anxiety-related symptoms in people burdened by COVID-19 related life. Conclusions: The ongoing uncertainties of the pandemic and the restrictions on social life have a strong impact on mental well-being and especially the expression of schizotypal traits. The negative impact is further boosted by excessive media consumption, which is especially critical for people with high schizotypal traits. Funding: FK received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 (Grant number 754,462). SN received funding from the Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada and the Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund from the University of Cambridge. The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, and the measures different governments took to contain it, harmed many people’s mental well-being. The restrictions, combined with pandemic-related uncertainty, caused many individuals to experience increased stress, depression, and anxiety. Many people turned to unhealthy behaviours to cope, including consuming more alcohol or drugs, using media excessively, developing poor sleeping habits, or reducing the amount of exercise they did. Stress, drugs, poor sleep, and uncertainty can increase an individual’s risk of developing psychotic symptoms, including delusions, hallucinations, or difficulty thinking clearly. These symptoms may be temporary or part of a more lasting condition, like schizophrenia. The risk of developing these symptoms increases in people with ‘schizotypal traits’, such as a lack of close relationships, paranoia, or unusual or implausible beliefs. These individuals may be especially vulnerable to the harmful mental health effects of the pandemic. Daimer et al. demonstrated that people who were more worried about their life stability or financial situation during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic had worse mental well-being than those who felt secure. In the experiments, volunteers completed a series of online mental health questionnaires at four different time points during the pandemic. People who reported feeling lonely, having negative thoughts, or experiencing fewer positive social interactions had more symptoms of mental illness. People who experienced more life disruptions also reported more anxiety or depression symptoms and more schizotypal traits. Daily consumption of at least four hours of digital media exacerbated negative mental health symptoms, and people with more pandemic-related life concerns also spent more time on digital media Daimer et al. suggest that increased media consumption among people with pandemic-related hardships may have increased mental health symptoms and schizotypal traits in these individuals. The survey results suggest that maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including meaningful relationships, is essential to staying mentally healthy during extreme situations like a global pandemic. Protective interventions – such as strengthening social support networks, providing mental health education, or increasing mental healthcare provisions – are essential to prevent poor mental health outcomes during future crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Daimer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lorenz L Mihatsch
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sharon A S Neufeld
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Graham K Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Franziska Knolle
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Lee PMY, Wang D, Li Y, Wang S, Lau JYC, Yang S, Wu T, Shen H, Wong SYS, Ji X, Chen W, Tse LA. Association of current income and reduction in income during the COVID-19 pandemic with anxiety and depression among non-healthcare workers. J Ment Health 2022; 31:585-596. [PMID: 35786138 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2091768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many workers experienced income reduction during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which may link to adverse mental health. AIMS This study aimed to examine the association of current income and reduction in income during COVID-19 with anxiety and depression levels among non-healthcare workers. METHODS This is a multi-city cross-sectional study. We used standardized questionnaires to collect information. We regrouped the current income and income reduction during COVID-19 according to the tertile and median value of each specific city. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales-21 item short version (DASS-21) was used to assess anxiety and depression levels. We performed multinomial logistic regression to examine the association of current and reduced income with anxiety and depression. Path models were developed to outline the potential modification/indirect effect of subsidies from government. RESULTS Large income reduction and low current income were significantly associated with more anxiety/depression symptoms. Path analysis showed that government subsidies could not significantly alleviate the impact of reduced income on anxiety/depression. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that large income reduction and low current income were independently associated with anxiety/depression, while these symptoms may not be ameliorated by one-off government funds. This study suggests the need for long-term policies (e.g. developing sustained economic growth policies) to mitigate negative impacts of the COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Ming Yi Lee
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shoulin Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Janice Ying Chui Lau
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Shuyuan Yang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Samuel Yeung Shan Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Berg JA, Woods NF, Shaver J, Kostas-Polston EA. COVID-19 effects on women's home and work life, family violence and mental health from the Women's Health Expert Panel of the American Academy of Nursing. Nurs Outlook 2022; 70:570-579. [PMID: 35843755 PMCID: PMC9259042 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic exaggerated women's roles in families as primary caretakers and overseers of family health. This is compounded by possible loss of work and resultant loss of health insurance. PURPOSE We examine how pandemic-related factors have altered women's roles and created stressors challenging stress adaptation and typical coping strategies, including how registered nurses have faced unique challenges. FAMILY VIOLENCE AND PANDEMIC-RELATED MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENGES Enforced stay-athome orders exaggerated by work-from-home has amplified family violence worldwide. Besides COVID-19 protective measures increasing greater contact with abusers, they limited women's access to help or support. Pandemic-related issues increased anxiety, anger, stress, agitation and withdrawal for women, children, and registered nurses. DISCUSSION More evidence about pandemic-related impacts on women's home and work lives, especially the scope of stressors and emotional/mental health manifestations is urgently needed. Policies to support interventions to improve mental health resilience are paramount.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith A Berg
- University of Arizona College of Nursing, Tucson, AZ.
| | | | - Joan Shaver
- University of Arizona College of Nursing, Tucson, AZ
| | - Elizabeth A Kostas-Polston
- Daniel K. Inouye Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Carter SJ, Baranauskas MN, Raglin JS, Pescosolido BA, Perry BL. Functional Status, Mood State, and Physical Activity Among Women With Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604589. [PMID: 35755951 PMCID: PMC9218064 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: While organ-specific pathophysiology has been well-described in SARS-CoV-2 infection, less is known about the attendant effects on functional status, mood state and leisure-time physical activity (PA) in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PASC). Methods: A case-control design was employed to recruit 32 women (n = 17 SARS-CoV-2; n = 15 controls) matched on age (54 ± 12 years) and body mass index (27 ± 6 kg/m2) that did not differ by smoking status or history of cardiopulmonary disease. Participants completed a series of assessments including Profile of Mood States (POMS), Modified Pulmonary Functional Status and Dyspnea Questionnaire (PFSDQ-M), and Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time PA. Results: Significant between-group differences were detected for the POMS total mood disturbance with sub-scale analyses revealing elevated tension, confusion, and lower vigor among SARS-CoV-2 participants (all p-values < 0.05). The number of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms (e.g., loss of taste/smell, muscle aches etc.) were associated (r = 0.620, p = 0.008) with confusion. SARS-CoV-2 participants exhibited poorer functional status (p = 0.008) and reduced leisure-time PA (p = 0.004) compared to controls. Conclusion: The sequela of persistent SARS-CoV-2 symptoms elicit clear disturbances in functional status, mood state, and leisure-time PA among women with PASC. Ongoing symptom presentation affects recovery time-course and PA participation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Carter
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | | | - John S Raglin
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | | | - Brea L Perry
- Department of Sociology, Bloomington, IN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Baaske A, Brotto LA, Galea LAM, Albert AY, Smith L, Kaida A, Booth A, Gordon S, Sadarangani M, Racey CS, Gottschlich A, Ogilvie GS. Barriers to Accessing Contraception and Cervical and Breast Cancer Screening During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2022; 44:1076-1083. [PMID: 35738558 PMCID: PMC9212845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study sought to examine how access to contraception and cervical and breast cancer screening in British Columbia, Canada, has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods From August 2020 to March 2021, 3691 female residents of British Columbia (age 25–69 y) participated in this study. We used generalized estimating equations to analyze the proportion of females accessing contraception and the proportion having difficulty accessing contraception across the different phases of pandemic control measures, and logistic regression to analyze attendance at cervical and breast cancer screening. We added sociodemographic and biological variables individually into the models. Self-reported barriers to accessing contraception and attending screening were summarized. Results During phases with the highest pandemic controls, self-reported access to contraception was lower (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.90–0.98; P = 0.005) and difficulty with access was higher (OR 2.74; 95% CI 1.54–4.88; P = 0.001). A higher proportion of adults aged 25–34 years reported difficulty accessing contraception than those aged 35–39 years (P < 0.0001), and participants identifying as Indigenous had higher odds of access difficulties (OR 5.56; 95% CI 2.44–12.50; P < 0.001). Of those who required screening during the COVID-19 pandemic, 62% and 54.5% did not attend at least one of their cervical or breast screening appointments, respectively. Those with a history of breast cancer had significantly higher odds of self-reporting having attended their mammogram appointment compared with those without a history of breast cancer (OR 5.62; 95% CI 2.69–13.72; P < 0.001). The most common barriers to screening were difficulty getting an appointment and appointments being considered non-urgent. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has uniquely affected access to contraception and cancer screening participation for various subgroups. Self-reported data present potential avenues for mitigating barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lori A Brotto
- Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC.
| | - Liisa A M Galea
- Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Arianne Y Albert
- Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Laurie Smith
- Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Cancer Control Research, BC, Cancer, Vancouver, BC
| | - Angela Kaida
- Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC
| | - Amy Booth
- Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | | | - Manish Sadarangani
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC
| | - C Sarai Racey
- Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Anna Gottschlich
- Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Gina S Ogilvie
- Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Validity and reliability of the Patient Health Questionnaire scale (PHQ-9) among university students of Bangladesh. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269634. [PMID: 35675375 PMCID: PMC9176811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the reliability and factorial validity of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in the context of university students in Bangladesh. The research aimed to assess whether the original one-dimensional model or a model containing both somatic and cognitive-emotional factors is appropriate in the case of a sample of university students. A repeated cross-sectional survey design based on convenience sampling was used to collect data from 677 university students from both public and private universities. The factor structure of the PHQ-9 was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Measurement invariances were assessed across gender, type of university, level of education and victim of domestic violence. Its convergent validity was determined by investigating its correlations with Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety-Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS). Results showed excellent reliability of PHQ-9 as measured by both Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω. CFA suggested that a modified one-factor model where the error variances between item-3 ('sleeping difficulties') and item-6 ('feeling as a failure'), item-6 and item-9 ('suicidal thoughts'), item-4 ('feeling tired') and item-9, item-3 and item-9 were allowed to covary is appropriate for the sample. This model provided high values of comparative fit index (CFI), goodness of fit index (GFI), and Tucker Lewis Index (TLI), low value of standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) and a non-significant root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) as well as a high Factor Determinacy Score Coefficient. Correlation between PHQ-9 and GAD-7 was 0.751 and 0.934 between PHQ-9 and PHQ-ADS. Finally, the model is strictly invariant across gender and university type. Overall, the study provided support for modified unidimensional structure for PHQ-9 and showed high internal consistency along with good convergent validity.
Collapse
|
85
|
Impact of High-Intensity Interval Training on Body Composition and Depressive Symptoms in Adults under Home Confinement. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106145. [PMID: 35627681 PMCID: PMC9140689 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The home confinement derived from the COVID-19 pandemic has led to drastic changes in people’s habits. This situation has influenced their eating, rest, physical activity and socialization patterns, triggering changes in their mental stability. It was demonstrated that physical activity is beneficial for people’s physical and mental health. By its moderate volume and requiring little space or material, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) could prove to be a valid alternative in a situation of confinement. The aim of the present study was to observe the impact of an 8-week HIIT protocol on the body composition and the depressive symptoms of adults in strict home confinement. A total of 21 healthy adults, both male and female, (35.4 ± 5.6 years old; 70.50 ± 12.1 kg; 171 ± 10 cm) were divided into an experimental group (EG, n = 11) who carried out an 8-week Tabata protocol, based upon calisthenic exercises with their own weight in their homes, and a control group (CG, n = 10) who did not carry out any systematic physical activity over the same period. Following the intervention, the EG experienced a significant reduction in percentage (t = 3.86, d = 0.57, p < 0.05) and in kg (t = 4.62, d = 0.29, p < 0.05) of body fat mass (BFM) and body fat mass index (BFMI) (t = 4.61, d = 0.31, p < 0.05), as well as a reduction in depressive symptoms (t = 6.48, d = 1.3, p < 0.05). These results indicate that HIIT is a potential public health tool that could possibly be prescribed to the population in case of future situations of home confinement.
Collapse
|
86
|
Watts CJ, Hilliard RC, Graupensperger S. Relationships Between Resilience, Mental Well-Being, and COVID-19 Worries in Collegiate Student-Athletes. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:890006. [PMID: 35647541 PMCID: PMC9130569 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.890006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with robust declines in well-being for collegiate student-athletes. Worries about COVID-19 have frequently been associated with worsening well-being; therefore, it is important to examine protective factors against well-being decrements. Resilience, one's ability to respond to stress and adversity, may be one such factor. Despite this possible influence, resilience has not yet been studied in student-athletes in this context as the pandemic has progressed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the moderating role of resilience on the relationship between COVID-19 worries and well-being. In this cross-sectional design, National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III athletes (N = 91) at one university completed surveys on COVID-19 worries, resilience, and well-being between February and March 2021. All competitions had been postponed until the Spring 2021 semester. The findings revealed a negative correlation between COVID-19 worries and well-being (r = -0.21, p = 0.05) and a positive correlation between resilience and well-being (r = 0.44, p < 0.001). Additionally, multiple regression and simple slopes analyses showed that individuals with higher resilience endorsed greater scores of well-being, even when COVID-19 worries increased (β = 0.38, p = 0.02). In conclusion, our results suggest that resilience had a moderating effect on the relationship between COVID-19 worries and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cade J. Watts
- Department of Exercise Science, Shenandoah University, Winchester, VA, United States
| | - Robert C. Hilliard
- Department of Exercise Science, Shenandoah University, Winchester, VA, United States
| | - Scott Graupensperger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Tunçgenç B, Newson M, Sulik J, Zhao Y, Dezecache G, Deroy O, Zein ME. Social alignment matters: Following pandemic guidelines is associated with better wellbeing. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:821. [PMID: 35501759 PMCID: PMC9060841 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, most countries implemented physical distancing measures. Many mental health experts warned that through increasing social isolation and anxiety, these measures could negatively affect psychosocial wellbeing. However, socially aligning with others by adhering to these measures may also be beneficial for wellbeing. Methods We examined these two contrasting hypotheses using cross-national survey data (N = 6675) collected fortnightly from participants in 115 countries over 3 months at the beginning of the pandemic. Participants reported their wellbeing, perceptions of how vulnerable they were to Covid-19 (i.e., high risk of infection) and how much they, and others in their social circle and country, were adhering to the distancing measures. Results Linear mixed-effects models showed that being a woman, having lower educational attainment, living alone and perceived high vulnerability to Covid-19 were risk factors for poorer wellbeing. Being young (18–25) was associated with lower wellbeing, but longitudinal analyses showed that young people’s wellbeing improved over 3 months. In contrast to widespread views that physical distancing measures negatively affect wellbeing, results showed that following the guidelines was positively associated with wellbeing even for people in high-risk groups. Conclusions These findings provide an important counterpart to the idea that pandemic containment measures such as physical distancing negatively impacted wellbeing unequivocally. Despite the overall burden of the pandemic on psychosocial wellbeing, social alignment with others can still contribute to positive wellbeing. The pandemic has manifested our propensity to adapt to challenges, particularly highlighting how social alignment can forge resilience.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13130-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Tunçgenç
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, London, UK. .,Institute of Cognitive & Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Martha Newson
- Institute of Cognitive & Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Kent, UK
| | - Justin Sulik
- Cognition, Values and Behaviour, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Ophelia Deroy
- Cognition, Values and Behaviour, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.,Munich Center for Neuroscience, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Study, University of London, London, UK
| | - Marwa El Zein
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK.,Adaptive Rationality Center, Max-Planck for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
The Mental Well-Being of Health Care Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:429-442. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
89
|
Congard A, Boudoukha A, Galharret JM, Bret A, Sapin A, Navarro O, Fleury-Bahi G. Conséquences psychologiques du premier confinement en France : différences individuelles et vécu affectif. PSYCHOLOGIE FRANCAISE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psfr.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
90
|
Geier MT, Morris J. The impact of a gratitude intervention on mental well-being during COVID-19: A quasi-experimental study of university students. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2022; 14:937-948. [PMID: 35384320 PMCID: PMC9111205 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous research suggest that gratitude interventions are effective in improving mental well‐being, which might be beneficial to university students during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This quasi‐experimental study sought to investigate if a gratitude intervention will lead to higher mental well‐being of university students during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Participants (N = 47) mental well‐being was assessed before and after 10 weekly gratitude reflection journals and statistically compared with a control group (N = 40). An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the data. The treatment group showed significantly higher well‐being after the gratitude intervention compared with the control group (Cohen's d = 0.74). The treatment group significantly increased (Cohen's d = 0.35) and the control group significantly decreased (Cohen's d = −0.41). Gratitude interventions may be effective in improving the mental well‐being of university students even during a crisis such as the COVID‐19 pandemic. Gratitude interventions seem suitable for improving mental well‐being for temporary mental challenges of university students such as a pandemic or other forms of crisis.
Collapse
|
91
|
Wang H, Paul J, Ye I, Blalock J, Wiener RC, Ho AF, Alanis N, Sambamoorthi U. Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic associated with anxiety and depression among Non-Hispanic whites with chronic conditions in the US. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022; 8:100331. [PMID: 35224528 PMCID: PMC8861147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, increased anxiety and depression were reported, with mixed findings among individuals of different races/ethnicities. This study examines whether anxiety and depression increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-COVD-19 period among different racial/ethnic groups in the US. METHODS The Health Information National Trend Surveys 5 (HINTS 5) Cycle 4 data was analyzed. We used the time when the survey was administered as the pre-COVID-19 period (before March 11, 2020, weighted N = 77,501,549) and during the COVID-19 period (on and after March 11, 2020, weighted N = 37,222,019). The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) was used to measure anxiety/depression and further compared before and during COVID-19. Separate multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association of the COVID-19 pandemic with anxiety/depression after adjusting for age, sex, insurance, income, and education. RESULT A higher percentage of Non-Hispanic whites (NHW) with chronic conditions reported anxiety (24.3% vs. 11.5%, p = 0.0021) and depression (20.7% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.0034) during COVID-19 than pre-COVID-19. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of anxiety and depression for NHWs with chronic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic was 2.02 (95% confidence interval of 1.10-3.73, p = 0.025) and 2.33 (1.17-4.65, p = 0.018) compared to NHWs who participated in the survey before the COVID-19. LIMITATIONS Limited to the NHW US population. PHQ can only be used as the initial screening tool. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increased prevalence of anxiety and depression among NHW adults with chronic conditions, but not among people of color.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, JPS Health Network, 1500 S. Main St., Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
| | - Jenny Paul
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Ivana Ye
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Jake Blalock
- TCU and UNTHSC school of medicine, TCU Box 797085, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | - R Constance Wiener
- Department of Dental Practice & Rural Health, West Virginia University, PO Box 9448, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Amy F Ho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, JPS Health Network, 1500 S. Main St., Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
| | - Naomi Alanis
- Department of Emergency Medicine, JPS Health Network, 1500 S. Main St., Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
| | - Usha Sambamoorthi
- Professor and Associate Dean of Health Outcome Research, Department of Pharmacotherapy, Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Lindsay-Smith G, Pyke J, Gamage A, Nguyen V, de Lacy T. Tourism operator mental health and its relationship with SME organisational resilience during disasters. TOURISM MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVES 2022; 42:100961. [PMID: 36277033 PMCID: PMC9576215 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmp.2022.100961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Crises have a negative, and often long-lasting impact on mental health. The stress of dealing with the ongoing and unpredictable aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented rise in mental health problems including low mood, depression and anxiety. Tourism businesses have faced ongoing challenges, with repeated lockdowns and drastically reduced tourist numbers and mental health challenges faced by operators may impact the resilience of tourism organisations and vice versa. Few studies have examined this. Our study in Victoria, Australia documents the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on owners and managers (operators) of small to medium tourism businesses and explores organisational factors that may impact or protect operator mental health during the crisis. Our findings show that the mental health of the cohort reached critically low levels over the course of the pandemic. We also identify positive associations between tourism organisational resilience and operator mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Lindsay-Smith
- Stakeholder Engagement Coordinator, Health Services, Deakin University, Burwood Campus, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne Pyke
- School for the Visitor Economy (SVE) & Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Sustainable Industries and Livable Cities (ISILC), Victoria University, Ballarat Rd, Footscray, 3011 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ancy Gamage
- School for the Visitor Economy, Victoria University, Ballarat Rd, Footscray, 3011 Melbourne, Australia
- School for the Visitor Economy (SVE) & Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Sustainable Industries and Livable Cities (ISILC), Victoria University, Ballarat Rd, Footscray, 3011 Melbourne, Australia
| | - VanKhanh Nguyen
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Livable Cities (ISILC), Victoria University, Ballarat Rd, Footscray, 3011 Melbourne, Australia
- School for the Visitor Economy (SVE) & Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Sustainable Industries and Livable Cities (ISILC), Victoria University, Ballarat Rd, Footscray, 3011 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terry de Lacy
- Institute of Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Ballarat Rd, Footscray, 3011 Melbourne, Australia
- School for the Visitor Economy (SVE) & Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Sustainable Industries and Livable Cities (ISILC), Victoria University, Ballarat Rd, Footscray, 3011 Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Wilson JJ, Smith L, Yakkundi A, Jacob L, Martin S, Grabovac I, McDermott DT, López-Bueno R, Barnett Y, Butler LT, Schuch FB, Armstrong NC, Tully MA. Changes in Health-Related Behaviours and Mental Health in a UK Public Sample during the First Set of COVID-19 Public Health Restrictions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3959. [PMID: 35409642 PMCID: PMC8997575 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Public health restrictions, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, have had potentially wide-ranging, unintended effects on health-related behaviours such as diet and physical activity and also affected mental health due to reduced social interactions. This study explored how health-related behaviours and mental health were impacted in a sample of the UK public during the first set of COVID-19 public health restrictions. Two online surveys were administered in the UK, one within the first three months of the restrictions (Timepoints 1 (T1—involving pre-pandemic recall) and 2/T2) and another ten weeks later (Timepoint 3/T3). Moderate−vigorous physical activity (MVPA), outdoor time, sitting time, screen time and sexual activity were self-reported. Diet was assessed using the Dietary Instrument for Nutrition Education questionnaire. Mental health was measured using the short-form Warwick−Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale and Becks’ Anxiety and Depression Inventories. Differences between timepoints were explored using the Friedman, Wilcoxon signed-rank, McNemar and McNemar−Bowker tests. Two hundred and ninety-six adults (74% under 65 years old; 65% female) provided data across all timepoints. Between T1 and T2, MVPA, time outdoors and sexual activity decreased while sitting, and screen time increased (p < 0.05). Between T2 and T3, saturated fat intake, MVPA, time outdoors, and mental wellbeing increased while sitting, screen time and anxiety symptoms decreased (p < 0.05). This study found that depending on the level of COVID-19 public health restrictions in place, there appeared to be a varying impact on different health-related behaviours and mental health. As countries emerge from restrictions, it is prudent to direct necessary resources to address these important public health issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason J. Wilson
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, School of Sport, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK;
- Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Anita Yakkundi
- Northern Ireland Public Health Research Network, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK;
| | - Louis Jacob
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France;
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundacio Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Suzanne Martin
- Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute of Nursing and Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK;
| | - Igor Grabovac
- Centre for Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria;
| | - Daragh T. McDermott
- NTU Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK;
| | - Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Laurie T. Butler
- Faculty of Science & Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Felipe B. Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil;
| | - Nicola C. Armstrong
- Health and Social Care Research & Development Division, Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), Belfast BT2 8BS, UK;
| | - Mark A. Tully
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Ford K, Bellis MA, Hill R, Hughes K. An evaluation of a short film promoting kindness in Wales during COVID-19 restrictions #TimeToBeKind. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:583. [PMID: 35331188 PMCID: PMC8944183 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12876-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to successive COVID-19 restrictions in Wales, the Welsh ACE Support Hub launched the #TimeToBeKind campaign in March 2021. The campaign used a short film broadcast on national television and promoted on social media to encourage behaviour change for kindness. We evaluated the #TimeToBeKind campaign film to identify whether watching the film would result in increased intention to act in ways that promote kindness to others and if intentions were associated with being emotionally affected by the film. METHODS A mixed methods evaluation was employed, using a short online survey and interaction with the film on the Twitter social media platform. The online survey measured public (n = 390) attitudes towards the film including feelings invoked, and behavioural intentions for acts of kindness as a result of viewing the film. Tweets which interacted with the film (n = 59; likes, re-tweets or comments), and tweet sentiment (positive, negative, or neutral) towards the film were also explored. RESULTS The majority of participants reported positive attitudes to the film and agreed that they understood the campaign message (91.8%). 67.9% reported that the film made them feel upset or sad and for 22.6% the film resonated with their lockdown experience. As a result of seeing the film, 63.6% reported intentions to be kinder to others, 65.6% intended to try and help other members of their community, and 70.5% were more likely to check in on friends, family and neighbours. A higher proportion of individuals who were emotionally affected by the film (e.g. upset or sad, hopeful or encouraged, gained something positive) and those for whom the film resonated with their lockdown experience reported increased kindness behavioural intentions as a result of seeing the film. CONCLUSIONS Film can be an effective tool to promote behaviour change for kindness. Films that provoke strong emotional reactions can still be perceived positively and lead to behaviour change. With the COVID-19 pandemic accelerating a move online for many, the findings of the present evaluation are relevant to how public health messaging can adapt and utilise this space to target individuals and promote behaviour change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kat Ford
- Public Health Collaborating Unit, College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, LL13 7YP, Wrexham, UK.
| | - Mark A Bellis
- Public Health Collaborating Unit, College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, LL13 7YP, Wrexham, UK
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Investment for Health and Well-being, Policy and International Health, Public Health Wales, LL13 7YP, Wrexham, UK
| | - Rebecca Hill
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Investment for Health and Well-being, Policy and International Health, Public Health Wales, CF10 4BZ, Cardiff, UK
| | - Karen Hughes
- Public Health Collaborating Unit, College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, LL13 7YP, Wrexham, UK
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Investment for Health and Well-being, Policy and International Health, Public Health Wales, LL13 7YP, Wrexham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Li I, Chen AZ, Newby JM, Kladnitski N, Haskelberg H, Millard M, Mahoney A. The uptake and outcomes of an online self-help mindfulness programme during COVID-19. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13284207.2022.2045866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Li
- Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aileen Z. Chen
- Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jill M. Newby
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Black Dog Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Natalie Kladnitski
- Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hila Haskelberg
- Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Millard
- Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alison Mahoney
- Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Grande RAN, Berdida DJE, Paulino RRJC, Anies EA, Ebol RRT, Molina RR. The multidimensionality of anxiety among nursing students during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:267-276. [PMID: 34811767 PMCID: PMC9011543 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past year, healthcare workers constantly report their COVID-19 anxiety. However, this concept remained understudied among nursing students (NSs). AIM This study investigated the difference between NSs' three types of anxiety and their profile variables during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This study used a cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational design. Three instruments were used: COVID-19 anxiety scale (CAS), COVID-19 anxiety syndrome scale (COVID-19ASS), and short health anxiety inventory (SHAI) to collect data from 484 Saudi NSs. We applied the Mann-Whitney U test and linear regression to analyze the data. RESULTS Across the three instruments; CAS, Item 1 "I feel bad when thinking about COVID-19"; COVID-19ASS, Item 11 "I have imagined what could happen to my family members if they contracted COVID-19"; and SHAI, Item 17 "A serious illness could ruin many aspects of my life" yielded the highest means. COVID-19ASS showed a significant difference for the profiles "known positive" (p = 0.05) and "action taken after with testing" (p = 0.05). NS, who knew someone with COVID-19, was the only predictor of CAS. CONCLUSION Our study concludes NSs experience anxiety symptoms. Anxiety is specific to COVID-19 or a set of similar anxiety symptoms. Further research is needed to explore the anxiety state of NSs during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizal Angelo N. Grande
- Mental Health Nursing Department, College of NursingUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Eric A. Anies
- Mental Health Nursing Department, College of NursingUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia
| | | | - Roger R. Molina
- Medical‐Surgical Department, College of NursingUniversity of HailHa'il CitySaudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Wilkes J, Garip G, Kotera Y, Fido D. Can Ikigai Predict Anxiety, Depression, and Well-being? Int J Ment Health Addict 2022; 21:1-13. [PMID: 35250405 PMCID: PMC8887802 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00764-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese construct of ikigai reflects a sense of having 'purpose in life' or a 'reason for living and has been associated with a variety of positive health outcomes. However, to date little research into ikigai exists within Western populations. This study explored the predictive power of ikigai for measures of well-being, depression, and anxiety in an adult Western population. Ninety-four participants (70% female) responded to an online survey. After accounting for the covariates of sex, age, employment status, and student status, multiple hierarchical regression indicated that ikigai positively predicted well-being and negatively predicted depression. While on its own, ikigai negatively predicted anxiety; this was not the case after accounting for the aforementioned covariates. The findings support the importance for investigating ikigai in the West and the need for further exploration of ikigai as a potential means of bringing about benefit in mental well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Wilkes
- Enterprise Centre, University of Derby Online Learning, University of Derby, Bridge Street, Derby, DE1 3LD UK
| | - Gulcan Garip
- Enterprise Centre, University of Derby Online Learning, University of Derby, Bridge Street, Derby, DE1 3LD UK
| | - Yasuhiro Kotera
- Enterprise Centre, University of Derby Online Learning, University of Derby, Bridge Street, Derby, DE1 3LD UK
| | - Dean Fido
- Enterprise Centre, University of Derby Online Learning, University of Derby, Bridge Street, Derby, DE1 3LD UK
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Shinwari S, Odejimi O, Bagchi D. The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the first UK lockdown on older age presentations to a regional psychiatric liaison service: A retrospective observational study. Indian J Psychiatry 2022; 64:178-184. [PMID: 35494329 PMCID: PMC9045355 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_243_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness and social isolation may have increased during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, possibly increasing mental health problems. However, due to fears of contracting COVID-19, patients may not have presented to hospitals. AIMS We assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic measures and lockdown on elderly (≥65 years) presentations to a psychiatric liasion service. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A UK regional liasion psychiatry service. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mixed methods methodologies were used to assess data between 01/01/20 and 31/08/20, which were compared to data from the same time period in 2019. Statistical and thematic analyses were conducted to understand drivers of presentations. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Nonparametric testing and analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS Presentations to liaison psychiatry reduced by 13% for 01-08/2020 compared to 01-08/2019, with a 42% reduction during lockdown. Average weekly presentations significantly decreased during the main lockdown months only (April 2019 vs. 2020: 213.0 [12.3] vs. 110.3 [22.9] [adjusted P = 0.006], May 2019 vs. 2020: 209.5 [14.6] vs. 148.8 [12.3] [adjusted P = 0.006]). There was only a trend toward reduced elderly presentations from January to August 2020 and during lockdown. Lockdown pressures did not drive significantly more new elderly presentations. However, we still found a highly significant difference in the distribution of causal factors for the elderly presentations affected by the pressures of lockdown compared to those who were not. CONCLUSIONS A trend toward reduced elderly presentations during lockdown and the pandemic was found. Thematic analysis supported by further statistical analysis of the drivers of elderly presentations showed that the pressures of lockdown clearly affected older age liaison psychiatry presentations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shinwari
- Urgent Care Mental Health Service, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Opeyemi Odejimi
- Urgent Care Mental Health Service, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Dhruba Bagchi
- Urgent Care Mental Health Service, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation Trust, UK.,Liaison Psychiatry, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
de Vargas D, Ramirez EGL, Pereira CF, Jacinto Volpato R, de Oliveira SR. Alcohol Use and Anxiety in Primary Health Care Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Phone-Based Study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022; 21:1-16. [PMID: 35250404 PMCID: PMC8884088 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00785-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In March 2020, physical distancing and quarantine measures were implemented in Brazil, which may have affected the physical and mental health of the population. This cross-sectional study used a convenience sample and telephone-based interviews to identify anxiety symptoms and alcohol use patterns among 1,264 Brazilian primary health care (PHC) patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State 6 and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) questionnaires were used to assess anxiety symptoms and alcohol use patterns, respectively. According to the AUDIT-C results, the prevalence of harmful drinking was 38.5%. Those who reported that their alcohol consumption decreased during the pandemic had high scores on the AUDIT-C, indicating a moderate/severe risk of drinking. Moderate or severe anxiety was observed in 60.1% of participants. These results highlight the needs to assess the pandemic's consequences on the mental health of the population and to encourage the implementation of preventive approaches in PHC settings to address anxiety and harmful alcohol consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divane de Vargas
- São Paulo University, School of Nursing, Av. Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419, São Paulo, SP 05403-000 Brazil
| | - Erika Gisset Leon Ramirez
- São Paulo University, School of Nursing, Av. Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419, São Paulo, SP 05403-000 Brazil
| | - Caroline Figueira Pereira
- São Paulo University, School of Nursing, Av. Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419, São Paulo, SP 05403-000 Brazil
| | - Rosa Jacinto Volpato
- São Paulo University, School of Nursing, Av. Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419, São Paulo, SP 05403-000 Brazil
| | - Sheila Ramos de Oliveira
- São Paulo University, School of Nursing, Av. Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419, São Paulo, SP 05403-000 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Houben-Wilke S, Goërtz YM, Delbressine JM, Vaes AW, Meys R, Machado FV, van Herck M, Burtin C, Posthuma R, Franssen FM, Vijlbrief H, Spies Y, van 't Hul AJ, Spruit MA, Janssen DJ. The Impact of Long COVID-19 on Mental Health: Observational 6-Month Follow-Up Study. JMIR Ment Health 2022; 9:e33704. [PMID: 35200155 PMCID: PMC8914795 DOI: 10.2196/33704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psychological impact of COVID-19 can be substantial. However, knowledge about long-term psychological outcomes in patients with COVID-19 is scarce. OBJECTIVE In this longitudinal, observational study, we aimed to reveal symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and symptoms of anxiety and depression up to 6 months after the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms in patients with confirmed COVID-19 and persistent complaints. To demonstrate the impact in nonhospitalized patients, we further aimed to compare these outcomes between nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients. METHODS Demographics, symptoms of PTSD (Trauma Screening Questionnaire [TSQ] ≥6 points) and symptoms of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] ≥8 points) were assessed at 3 and 6 months after the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms in members of online long COVID-19 peer support groups. RESULTS Data from 239 patients with confirmed COVID-19 (198/239, 82.8% female; median age: 50 [IQR 39-56] years) were analyzed. At the 3-month follow-up, 37.2% (89/239) of the patients had symptoms of PTSD, 35.6% (85/239) had symptoms of anxiety, and 46.9% (112/239) had symptoms of depression, which remained high at the 6-month follow-up (64/239, 26.8%, P=.001; 83/239, 34.7%, P=.90; 97/239, 40.6%, P=.08, respectively; versus the 3-month follow-up). TSQ scores and HADS anxiety and depression scores were strongly correlated at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups (r=0.63-0.71, P<.001). Symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, and depression were comparable between hospitalized (n=62) and nonhospitalized (n=177) patients. CONCLUSIONS A substantial percentage of patients with confirmed COVID-19 and persistent complaints reported symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, or depression 3 and 6 months after the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms. The prevalence rates of symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, and depression were comparable between hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients and merely improved over time. Health care professionals need to be aware of these psychological complications and intervene on time in post-COVID-19 patients with persistent complaints. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Register NTR8705; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8705.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yvonne Mj Goërtz
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Anouk W Vaes
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands
| | - Roy Meys
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Felipe Vc Machado
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Maarten van Herck
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.,REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, BIOMED Research Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Chris Burtin
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, BIOMED Research Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Rein Posthuma
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Frits Me Franssen
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Yvonne Spies
- Lung Foundation Netherlands, Amersfoort, Netherlands
| | - Alex J van 't Hul
- Department of Pulmonary Disease, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martijn A Spruit
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Daisy Ja Janssen
- Department of Research and Education, Ciro, Horn, Netherlands.,Care and Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|