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Stimulatory Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on the Growth and Flowering of Potted Oriental Lilies. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9100610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles exhibit unique biological activities and may serve as novel plant growth stimulators. This research consisted of a two-year pot experiment designed to find out if silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) might be used in the cultivation of Oriental lilies. In the first year, we evaluated the effects of various concentrations of AgNPs (0, 25, 50, 100, and 150 ppm) and their application methods (pre-planting bulb soaks, foliar sprays, and substrate drenches) on the growth and flowering of Lilium cv. Mona Lisa. In the second year, we evaluated the effects of soaking the bulbs of cv. Little John in the same concentration of AgNP solution on plant morphological features, leaf content of photosynthetic pigments, basic macronutrients, and complex biomolecules with the use of the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Soaking the bulbs in a nanoparticle solution turned out to be the most effective strategy for growth and flowering promotion. AgNPs stimulated plant growth, as manifested by enhanced accumulation of leaf and bulb biomass and accelerated flowering. Moreover, plants treated with silver nanoparticles showed higher leaf greenness index, formed more flowers, and flowered longer. At 100 ppm AgNPs, the leaves accumulated the highest content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids, and were the richest in potassium, calcium, and sulfur. The FTIR spectra did not show any changes in absorbance intensity and chemical composition in the leaves from AgNP-treated bulbs.
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Noori A, Donnelly T, Colbert J, Cai W, Newman LA, White JC. Exposure of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum) to silver nanoparticles and silver nitrate: physiological and molecular response. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 22:40-51. [PMID: 31282192 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1634000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most widely used nanomaterials, with applications in sectors as diverse as communications, energy, medicine, and agriculture. This diverse application of AgNPs increases the risk of the release of these materials into the environment and raises the potential for transfer into plants and, subsequently, the human body. To better understand the effects of NPs in agricultural systems, this study investigates plant physiological and molecular responses upon exposure to AgNPs in comparison to silver nitrate (AgNO3). Tomato seedlings (Lycopersison esculentum) were exposed to 10, 20, or 30 mg/L silver (Ag), AgNO3, or AgNPs in hydroponic media for 7 days. A number of endpoints were measured, including plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, oxidative and antioxidant responses. The results showed 2-7 times lower growth rate in plants exposed to silver compared to the control. H2O2 and malondialdehyde as oxidative stress indicators were, respectively, 1.7 and 4 times higher in plants exposed to all forms of silver compared to the control. The antioxidative responses increased significantly in plants exposed to Ag and AgNPs compared to the control. However, plants exposed to AgNO3 showed up to 50% lower enzymatic antioxidant activity. At the molecular level, the expression of genes involved in defense responses, including ethylene-inducing xylanase (EIX), peroxidase 51 (POX), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase, were significantly upregulated upon exposure to silver. The molecular and physiological data showed exposure to all forms of silver resulted in oxidative stress and exposure to AgNPs induced antioxidative and defense responses. However, exposure to AgNO3 resulted in phytotoxicity and failure in antioxidative responses. It indicates the higher reactivity and phytotoxicity of the ionic form of silver compared to NPs. The findings of this study add important information to efforts in attempting to characterize the exposure and risk associated with the release of nanomaterials in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Noori
- Department of Biology, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, USA
| | - Trevor Donnelly
- Department of Biology, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, USA
| | - Joseph Colbert
- Department of Biology, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, USA
| | - Wenjun Cai
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York - College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Lee A Newman
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York - College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Jason C White
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
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Matich EK, Chavez Soria NG, Aga DS, Atilla-Gokcumen GE. Applications of metabolomics in assessing ecological effects of emerging contaminants and pollutants on plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 373:527-535. [PMID: 30951997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics, the global profiling of metabolite composition, is a powerful technique that can be applied to answer a diverse set of research questions concerning effects of toxicants on organisms. It has recently emerged as a tool to understand complex environmental perturbations in biological systems, especially at sub-lethal concentrations. Organisms can be affected by different stressors such as xenobiotics or increase in concentration of natural compounds such as nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur. Metabolomics has facilitated a better understanding of the effects of these perturbations on organisms such as plants, animals, and humans providing phenotypic and biological information in a high throughput manner. In this review, we will discuss recent applications of metabolomics to study the ecological effects of different environmental perturbations, including nanoparticles, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, pesticides, as well as the changes in natural compounds found in the environment with a focus on plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryn K Matich
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Nita G Chavez Soria
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Diana S Aga
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
| | - G Ekin Atilla-Gokcumen
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
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Abbas Q, Liu G, Yousaf B, Ali MU, Ullah H, Ahmed R. Effects of biochar on uptake, acquisition and translocation of silver nanoparticles in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in relation to growth, photosynthetic traits and nutrients displacement. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 250:728-736. [PMID: 31035155 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rapid development in nanotechnology and incorporation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in wide range of consumer products causing the considerable release of these NPs in the environment, leading concerns for ecosystem safety and plant health. In this study, rice (Oryza sativa) was exposed to AgNPs (0, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mg L-1) in biochar amended (2 %w/v) and un-amended systems. Exposure of plants to AgNPs alone reduced the root and shoot length, biomass production, chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis related physiological parameters as well as macro-and micronutrients in a dose dependent manner. However, in case of biochar amendment, physiological parameters i.e., net photosynthesis rate, maximum photosynthesis rate, CO2 assimilation, dark respiration and stomatal conductance reduced only 16, 6, 7, 3 and 8%, respectively under AgNPs exposure at 1000 mg L-1 dose. Meanwhile, biochar at all exposure level of AgNPs decreased the bioaccumulation of Ag in rice root and shoot tissues, thus alleviated the phyto-toxic effects of NPs on plant growth. Moreover, results showed that biochar reduced the bioavailability of AgNPs by surface complexation, suppressing dissolution and release of toxic Ag+ ions in the growth medium. The presence of biochar at least decreased 2-fold tissue contents of Ag even at highest AgNPs (1000 mg L-1) concentration. These finding suggested that biochar derived from waste biomass resources can be used effectively to prevent the bioaccumulation and subsequent trophic level transfer of emerging Ag nano-pollutant in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qumber Abbas
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China.
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China.
| | - Balal Yousaf
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China.
| | - Muhammad Ubaid Ali
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China.
| | - Habib Ullah
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China.
| | - Rafay Ahmed
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China.
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Azeez L, Lateef A, Wahab AA, Rufai MA, Salau AK, Ajayi EIO, Ajayi M, Adegbite MK, Adebisi B. Phytomodulatory effects of silver nanoparticles on Corchorus olitorius: Its antiphytopathogenic and hepatoprotective potentials. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 136:109-117. [PMID: 30660676 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study has reported the effects of biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using cocoa pod extract on physiological tolerance indices, antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potentials of Corchorus olitorius as well as its efficiency for controlling soil phytopathogens. C. olitorius seeds were grown in soil prepared with water (control), 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 mg AgNPs/g soil. C. olitorus grown with AgNPs had significantly (p < 0.05) higher free radical scavenging ability, ferric reducing ability, percentage germination, vigour indices, longer roots and shoots as well as lower moisture content over control. C. olitorius grown with AgNPs attenuated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated reduction in catalase concentrations and H2O2-induced malondialdehyde elevations in liver. Efficiency of AgNPs to reduce soil phytopathogens (fungi and nematodes) revealed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the incidences of soil and shoot Meloidogyne spp., Aspergillus terreus, A. niger, Fusarium spp. and Cladosporium spp. with increase in concentrations of AgNPs. More efficiently, there was complete extermination of A. niger and Fusarium spp. in the leaves of C. olitorius grown with AgNPs. Results in this study have shown the positive influence of AgNPs on C. olitorius by strengthening its resistance against fungi, and nematodes, improvement of its shelf-life, modulation of antioxidant activities and promotion of liver-detoxifying potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqmon Azeez
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria.
| | - Agbaje Lateef
- Nanotechnology Research Group (NANO(+)), Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Nanobiotechnology, Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Abideen A Wahab
- Department of Microbiology, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | | | - Amadu K Salau
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | | | - Mercy Ajayi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | | | - Basirat Adebisi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
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Qu Q, Ke M, Ye Y, Zhang Q, Lu T, Zhang Z, Qian H. Enantioselective Oxidative Stress Induced by S- and Rac-metolachlor in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Seedlings. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 102:439-445. [PMID: 30734056 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02565-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The unfounded use of chiral pesticides has caused widespread concern. In this study, the enantioselective effects of S- and racemic (Rac)-metolachlor on the oxidative stress of wheat seedlings was determined based on physiological and gene transcription differences. Growth inhibition increased with increasing concentrations of tested metolachlor, and S-metolachlor had a stronger inhibitory effect than did Rac-metolachlor. Root growth was also significantly inhibited, but no enantioselective effects from the tested concentrations of the metolachlor enantiomers were observed. At a concentration of 5 mg L-1, the maximal fresh weight inhibition reached 63.7% and 53.8% for S-metolachlor and Rac-metolachlor, respectively. In response to the S-metolachlor treatment, the maximum level of superoxide anions and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased to 1.73 and 2.55 times that in response to the control treatment, both of which were greater than those in response to the Rac-metolachlor treatment. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) also increased in response to the S-metolachlor treatment, but the activity of peroxidase (POD) decreased. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that, compared with the Rac-metolachlor treatment, the S-metolachlor treatment attenuated the expression of several antioxidant genes. Together, these results demonstrate that S-metolachlor has a greater effect than does Rac-metolachlor on wheat seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjing Ke
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhi Ye
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.
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