51
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Zhao T, Chu Z, Ma J, Ouyang L. Immunomodulation Effect of Biomaterials on Bone Formation. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030103. [PMID: 35893471 PMCID: PMC9394331 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional bone replacement materials have been developed with the goal of directing the osteogenesis of osteoblastic cell lines toward differentiation and therefore achieving biomaterial-mediated osteogenesis, but the osteogenic effect has been disappointing. With advances in bone biology, it has been revealed that the local immune microenvironment has an important role in regulating the bone formation process. According to the bone immunology hypothesis, the immune system and the skeletal system are inextricably linked, with many cytokines and regulatory factors in common, and immune cells play an essential role in bone-related physiopathological processes. This review combines advances in bone immunology with biomaterial immunomodulatory properties to provide an overview of biomaterials-mediated immune responses to regulate bone regeneration, as well as methods to assess the bone immunomodulatory properties of bone biomaterials and how these strategies can be used for future bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; (T.Z.); (Z.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Chu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; (T.Z.); (Z.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of General Practitioners, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
- Correspondence: (L.O.); (J.M.); Tel.: +86-21-52039999 (L.O.); +86-21-52039999 (J.M.)
| | - Liping Ouyang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; (T.Z.); (Z.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.O.); (J.M.); Tel.: +86-21-52039999 (L.O.); +86-21-52039999 (J.M.)
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52
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Lin Y, Cao Z, Lyu T, Kong T, Zhang Q, Wu K, Wang Y, Zheng J. Single-cell RNA-seq of UVB-radiated skin reveals landscape of photoaging-related inflammation and protection by vitamin D. Gene 2022; 831:146563. [PMID: 35577040 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet rays are a potential threat to nature. It can accelerate skin aging by causing skin damage, cell infiltration, and inflammation. The present study investigated UV-irradiated mouse skin through single-cell sequencing. We observed that UV-irradiated mouse skin mainly induced inflammation of fibroblasts and demonstrated differential gene expression. Cell prediction revealed the significance of macrophages in tissue repair. Furthermore, cell culture studies substantiated vitamin D-induced inhibitory effect on skin inflammation. These findings thus indicate some references for skin photo-protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbin Lin
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315300, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhanglei Cao
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315300, PR China
| | - Tianqi Lyu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315300, PR China
| | - Tong Kong
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315300, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315300, PR China
| | - Kerong Wu
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Department of Urology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, PR China.
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315300, PR China.
| | - Jianping Zheng
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315300, PR China.
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53
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Sun JX, Xu XH, Jin L. Effects of Metabolism on Macrophage Polarization Under Different Disease Backgrounds. Front Immunol 2022; 13:880286. [PMID: 35911719 PMCID: PMC9331907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.880286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are versatile immune cells associated with various diseases, and their phenotypes and functions change on the basis of the surrounding environments. Reprogramming of metabolism is required for the proper polarization of macrophages. This review will focus on basic metabolic pathways, the effects of key enzymes and specific products, relationships between cellular metabolism and macrophage polarization in different diseases and the potential prospect of therapy targeted key metabolic enzymes. In particular, the types and characteristics of macrophages at the maternal-fetal interface and their effects on a successful conception will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liping Jin
- *Correspondence: Liping Jin, ; Xiang-Hong Xu,
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54
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Luo R, Li X, Wang D. Reprogramming Macrophage Metabolism and its Effect on NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Sepsis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:917818. [PMID: 35847986 PMCID: PMC9276983 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.917818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, the most common life-threatening multi-organ dysfunction syndrome secondary to infection, lacks specific therapeutic strategy due to the limited understanding of underlying mechanisms. It is currently believed that inflammasomes play critical roles in the development of sepsis, among which NLRP3 inflammasome is involved to most extent. Recent studies have revealed that dramatic reprogramming of macrophage metabolism is commonly occurred in sepsis, and this dysregulation is closely related with the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. In view of the fact that increasing evidence demonstrates the mechanism of metabolism reprogramming regulating NLRP3 activation in macrophages, the key enzymes and metabolites participated in this regulation should be clearer for better interpreting the relationship of NLRP3 inflammasome and sepsis. In this review, we thus summarized the detail mechanism of the metabolic reprogramming process and its important role in the NLRP3 inflammasome activation of macrophages in sepsis. This mechanism summarization will reveal the applicational potential of metabolic regulatory molecules in the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiheng Luo
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xizhe Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Pulmonary Nodules Precise Diagnosis & Treatment, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Wang,
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55
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Tlili M, Acevedo H, Descoteaux A, Germain M, Heinonen KM. Cell-intrinsic Wnt4 ligand regulates mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102193. [PMID: 35764169 PMCID: PMC9352913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages respond to their environment by adopting a predominantly inflammatory or anti-inflammatory profile, depending on the context. The polarization of the subsequent response is regulated by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic signals and is associated with alterations in macrophage metabolism. Although macrophages are important producers of Wnt ligands, the role of Wnt signaling in regulating metabolic changes associated with macrophage polarization remains unclear. Wnt4 upregulation has been shown to be associated with tissue repair and suppression of age-associated inflammation, which led us to generate Wnt4-deficient bone marrow–derived macrophages to investigate its role in metabolism. We show that loss of Wnt4 led to modified mitochondrial structure, enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, and depleted intracellular lipid reserves, as the cells depended on fatty acid oxidation to fuel their mitochondria. Further we found that enhanced lipolysis was dependent on protein kinase C–mediated activation of lysosomal acid lipase in Wnt4-deficient bone marrow–derived macrophages. Although not irreversible, these metabolic changes promoted parasite survival during infection with Leishmania donovani. In conclusion, our results indicate that enhanced macrophage fatty acid oxidation impairs the control of intracellular pathogens, such as Leishmania. We further suggest that Wnt4 may represent a potential target in atherosclerosis, which is characterized by lipid storage in macrophages leading to them becoming foam cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Tlili
- Institut national de recherche scientifique, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval H7V 1B7, CANADA
| | - Hamlet Acevedo
- Institut national de recherche scientifique, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval H7V 1B7, CANADA
| | - Albert Descoteaux
- Institut national de recherche scientifique, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval H7V 1B7, CANADA
| | - Marc Germain
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, CANADA; Centre d'Excellence de Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Montreal, CANADA; Réseau Intersectoriel de Recherche en Santé de l'Université du Québec, Université du Québec, Quebec, CANADA
| | - Krista M Heinonen
- Institut national de recherche scientifique, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval H7V 1B7, CANADA; Centre d'Excellence de Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Montreal, CANADA.
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56
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Liu Z, Gao Z, Li B, Li J, Ou Y, Yu X, Zhang Z, Liu S, Fu X, Jin H, Wu J, Sun S, Sun S, Wu Q. Lipid-associated macrophages in the tumor-adipose microenvironment facilitate breast cancer progression. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2085432. [PMID: 35712121 PMCID: PMC9196645 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2085432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor-adipose microenvironment (TAME) is a universal microecosystem, that is characterized by the dysfunction of lipid metabolism, such as excessive free fatty acids (FFAs). Macrophages are the most abundant immune cell type within TAME, although their diversity in the TAME is not clear. We first reveal that infiltration of M2-like macrophages in the TAME is associated with poor survival in breast cancer. To explore lipid-associated alterations in the TAME, we also detected the levels of FFAs transporters including fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) and fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1). The results indicated that expression of fatty acid transporters in the TAME is tightly linked to the function of macrophages and predicts survival in breast cancer. To explore the impact of FFAs transporters on the function of macrophages, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics. Consequently, we identified a special subpopulation of macrophages defined as lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs), highly expressed macrophage markers (CD163, SPP1 and C1QC), genes involved in lipid metabolism (FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, LPL and LIPA) and some lipid receptors (LGALS3 and TREM2). Functionally, LAMs were characterized by a canonical functional signature of M2-like macrophages, lipid accumulation and enhancing phagocytosis, and they were mostly distributed in tumor-adipose junctional regions. Finally, the allograft cancer mouse models confirmed that LAMs depletion in the TAME synergizes the antitumorigenic effects of anti-PD1 therapy. In summary, we defined a novel subtype of macrophages in the TAME, that has unique features and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Gao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Ou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zun Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Siqin Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Fu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhong Jin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Itoi S, Takahashi N, Saito H, Miyata Y, Su MT, Kezuka D, Itagaki F, Endo S, Fujii H, Harigae H, Sakamoto Y, Takai T. Myeloid immune checkpoint ILT3/LILRB4/gp49B can co-tether fibronectin with integrin on macrophages. Int Immunol 2022; 34:435-444. [PMID: 35689642 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
LILRB4 (B4, also known as ILT3/CD85k) is an immune checkpoint of myeloid-lineage cells, albeit its mode of function remains obscure. Our recent identification of a common ligand for both human B4 and its murine ortholog gp49B as the fibronectin (FN) N-terminal 30-kDa domain poses the question of how B4/gp49B regulate cellular activity upon recognition of FN in the plasma and/or the extracellular matrix. Since FN in the extracellular matrix is tethered by FN-binding integrins, we hypothesized that B4/gp49B would tether FN in cooperation with integrins on the cell surface, thus they should be in close vicinity to integrins spatially. This scenario suggests a mode of function of B4/gp49B by which the FN-induced signal is regulated. FN pull-down complex was found to contain gp49B and integrin β1 in bone marrow-derived macrophages. The confocal fluorescent signals of the three molecules on the intrinsically FN-tethering macrophages were correlated to each other. When FN-poor macrophages adhered to culture plate, the gp49-integrin β1 signal correlation increased at the focal adhesion, supporting the notion that gp49B and integrin β1 become spatially closer to each other there. While adherence of RAW264.7 and THP-1 cells to immobilized FN induced phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase, whose level was augmented under B4/gp49B deficiency. Thus, we concluded that B4/gp49B can co-tether fibronectin in cooperation with integrin in the cis configuration on the same cell, forming a B4/gp49B-FN-integrin triplet as a regulatory unit of focal adhesion-dependent proinflammatory signal in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Itoi
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Haruka Saito
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyata
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mei-Tzu Su
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Dai Kezuka
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Fumika Itagaki
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shota Endo
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujii
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hideo Harigae
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Sakamoto
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Tohoku Gakuin University, Sendai 981-3193, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takai
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Peng X, He F, Mao Y, Lin Y, Fang J, Chen Y, Sun Z, Zhuo Y, Jiang J. miR-146a promotes M2 macrophage polarization and accelerates diabetic wound healing by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB axis. J Mol Endocrinol 2022; 69:315-327. [PMID: 35604113 DOI: 10.1530/jme-21-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We tried to unveil the clinical significance of miR-146a as a biomarker in M2 macrophage polarization in diabetic wound healing. Initially, we found reduced miR-146a in macrophages of diabetic patients. Next, dual-luciferase assay verified that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was a target gene of miR-146 and was negatively regulated by miR-146. Moreover, after ectopic expression and depletion experiments of miR-146 and/or TLR4, lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response of macrophages was detected. The results revealed that overexpression of miR-146a promoted the M2 macrophage polarization by suppressing the TLR4/nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) axis, so as to enhance wound healing in diabetic ulcers. Further, mouse models with diabetic ulcers were established to investigate the effects of miR-146a on diabetic wound healing in vivo, which revealed that miR-146a promoted wound healing in diabetic ulcers by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB axis. In conclusion, we demonstrate that miR-146a can induce M2 macrophage polarization to enhance wound healing in diabetic ulcers by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihui Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangchun Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichun Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafen Zhuo
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjia Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Chen X, Sunkel B, Wang M, Kang S, Wang T, Gnanaprakasam JNR, Liu L, Cassel TA, Scott DA, Muñoz-Cabello AM, Lopez-Barneo J, Yang J, Lane AN, Xin G, Stanton B, Fan TWM, Wang R. Succinate dehydrogenase/complex II is critical for metabolic and epigenetic regulation of T cell proliferation and inflammation. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabm8161. [PMID: 35486677 PMCID: PMC9332111 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abm8161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Effective T cell-mediated immune responses require the proper allocation of metabolic resources to sustain growth, proliferation, and cytokine production. Epigenetic control of the genome also governs T cell transcriptome and T cell lineage commitment and maintenance. Cellular metabolic programs interact with epigenetic regulation by providing substrates for covalent modifications of chromatin. By using complementary genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic approaches, we revealed that tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux fueled biosynthetic processes while controlling the ratio of succinate/α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to modulate the activities of dioxygenases that are critical for driving T cell inflammation. In contrast to cancer cells, where succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)/complex II inactivation drives cell transformation and growth, SDH/complex II deficiency in T cells caused proliferation and survival defects when the TCA cycle was truncated, blocking carbon flux to support nucleoside biosynthesis. Replenishing the intracellular nucleoside pool partially relieved the dependence of T cells on SDH/complex II for proliferation and survival. SDH deficiency induced a proinflammatory gene signature in T cells and promoted T helper 1 and T helper 17 lineage differentiation. An increasing succinate/α-KG ratio in SDH-deficient T cells promoted inflammation by changing the pattern of the transcriptional and chromatin accessibility signatures and consequentially increasing the expression of the transcription factor, PR domain zinc finger protein 1. Collectively, our studies revealed a role of SDH/complex II in allocating carbon resources for anabolic processes and epigenetic regulation in T cell proliferation and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyong Chen
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Hematology/Oncology & BMT, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin Sunkel
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Hematology/Oncology & BMT, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Hematology/Oncology & BMT, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Siwen Kang
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Hematology/Oncology & BMT, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tingting Wang
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Hematology/Oncology & BMT, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - JN Rashida Gnanaprakasam
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Hematology/Oncology & BMT, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lingling Liu
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Hematology/Oncology & BMT, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Teresa A. Cassel
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Dept. of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - David A. Scott
- Cancer Metabolism Core, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ana M. Muñoz-Cabello
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jose Lopez-Barneo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Andrew N. Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Dept. of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Gang Xin
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin Stanton
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Hematology/Oncology & BMT, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Teresa W.-M. Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Dept. of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ruoning Wang
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Hematology/Oncology & BMT, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Xiong K, Tao Z, Zhang Z, Wang J, Zhang P. Identification and Validation of a Prognostic Immune-Related Gene Signature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:850669. [PMID: 35497331 PMCID: PMC9043362 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.850669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a common malignant cancer worldwide. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the main type of EC, is difficult to treat because of the widespread morbidity, high fatality rates, and low quality of life caused by postoperative complications and no specific molecular target. In this study, we screened genes to establish a prognostic model for ESCC. The transcriptome expression profiles of 81 ESCC tissues and 340 normal esophageal mucosal epithelium tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) cohorts. The transcriptome expression datasets of 19 esophageal squamous carcinoma cell lines were downloaded from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). The R software Limma package was used to identify 6,231 differentially expressed genes and 647 differentially expressed immune-related genes between normal and ESCC tissues. Gene functional analysis was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to screen out 18 immune-related prognostic genes. We then established the prognostic and risk signature using these genes, and the patients were divided into low-risk and high-risk groups. Compared with high-risk group patients, the low-risk group patients had longer overall survival. M1 macrophages and resting dendritic cells were differentially distributed between the low-risk and high-risk groups and were related to patient survival. We also examined the functional immune cell and immune molecule levels in low-risk and high-risk group patients, with significant differences in the tumor microenvironment between the two groups. To further verify the accuracy of the prognostic risk model, we performed area under the ROC curve (AUC) analysis. The AUC value was 0.931 for the prognostic risk, which was better than the microsatellite instability (MSI) and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) scores. In conclusion, we found 18 immune-related prognostic genes related to the occurrence of ESCC and established a prognostic model for predicting disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xiong
- Department of Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziyou Tao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zeyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianyao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Zhang,
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Gibbings SL, Haist KC, Nick H, Frasch SC, Glass TH, Vestal B, Danhorn T, Mould KJ, Henson PM, Bratton DL. Heightened turnover and failed maturation of monocyte-derived macrophages in murine chronic granulomatous disease. Blood 2022; 139:1707-1721. [PMID: 34699591 PMCID: PMC8931516 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of NADPH oxidase activity leads to altered phagocyte responses and exaggerated inflammation in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). We sought to assess the effects of Nox2 absence on monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMacs) in gp91phox-/y mice during zymosan-induced peritonitis. MoMacs from CGD and wild-type (WT) peritonea were characterized over time after zymosan injection. Although numbers lavaged from both genotypes were virtually identical, there were marked differences in maturation: newly recruited WT MoMacs rapidly enlarged and matured, losing Ly6C and gaining MHCII, CD206, and CD36, whereas CGD MoMacs remained small and were mostly Ly6C+MHCII-. RNA-sequencing analyses showed few intrinsic differences between genotypes in newly recruited MoMacs but significant differences with time. WT MoMacs displayed changes in metabolism, adhesion, and reparative functions, whereas CGD MoMacs remained inflammatory. PKH dye labeling revealed that although WT MoMacs were mostly recruited within the first 24 hours and remained in the peritoneum while maturing and enlarging, CGD monocytes streamed into the peritoneum for days, with many migrating to the diaphragm where they were found in fibrin(ogen) clots surrounding clusters of neutrophils in nascent pyogranulomata. Importantly, these observations seemed to be driven by milieu: adoptive transfer of CGD MoMacs into inflamed peritonea of WT mice resulted in immunophenotypic maturation and normal behavior, whereas altered maturation/behavior of WT MoMacs resulted from transfer into inflamed peritonea of CGD mice. In addition, Nox2-deficient MoMacs behaved similarly to their Nox2-sufficient counterparts within the largely WT milieu of mixed bone marrow chimeras. These data show persistent recruitment with fundamental failure of MoMac maturation in CGD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelsey C Haist
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Heidi Nick
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | | | - Teagan H Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | | | | | - Kara J Mould
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO; and
| | - Peter M Henson
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Donna L Bratton
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
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Vishwakarma S, Panigrahi C, Barua S, Sahoo M, Mandliya S. Food nutrients as inherent sources of immunomodulation during COVID-19 pandemic. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022; 158:113154. [PMID: 35125518 PMCID: PMC8801482 DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) - a novel coronavirus has rapid spread, and caused community infection around the globe. During the absence of a vaccine, people focused more on an immunity-boosting diet and needed clear knowledge about immunity-boosting foods. However, after the vaccination drive, the importance of food as a natural source of immunomodulation cannot be neglected. So, the purpose of this review was to describe the role of vital nutrient in boosting immune system of body apart from other factors like adequate sleep, exercise, and low stress levels. Macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, B-cells, and T-cells are the important components having important role in maintaining immunity of the human body. The first four-act as the initial mediators of innate host defense, and the latter two produce antibodies for pathogen destruction. The review investigated vital nutrients like vitamin-C, A, E and D, iron, zinc, folic acid, probiotics, and prebiotics affecting these immune components in some extent. Fruits, vegetables, spices, herbs, seeds, nuts, cereals, millets, and superfoods like chlorella and spirulina are good sources of these nutrients. However, fortified foods, functional foods, encapsulated foods with bioactive compounds and plant-based foods have shown immense potential in boosting immunity against viral infections like COVID-19. Some clinical trials and retrospective cohort studies have shown reduction in the severity of COVID-19 patients with relation to plant-based diet, vitamin D and C doses, probiotic, and zinc salts application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Vishwakarma
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Chirasmita Panigrahi
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Sreejani Barua
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg, 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Monalisa Sahoo
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Shubham Mandliya
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
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Cheuk YC, Zhang P, Xu S, Wang J, Chen T, Mao Y, Jiang Y, Luo Y, Guo J, Wang W, Rong R. Bioinformatics analysis of pathways of renal infiltrating macrophages in different renal disease models. Transl Androl Urol 2022; 10:4333-4343. [PMID: 35070815 PMCID: PMC8749068 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have suggested that macrophages are significantly involved in different renal diseases. However, the role of these renal infiltrating macrophages has not been entirely uncovered. To further clarify the underlying mechanism and identify therapeutic targets, a bioinformatic analysis based on transcriptome profiles was performed. Methods Three transcription profiling datasets, GSE27045, GSE51466 and GSE75808, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were assessed by Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results The classic signaling pathways and metabolic pathways of macrophages infiltrating the kidney in different pathophysiological processes, including lupus nephritis (LN), renal crystal formation and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), were analysed. Furthermore, the common classical pathways significantly altered in the three renal disorders were the oxidative phosphorylation, VEGF signaling and JAK/STAT signaling pathways, while the renin-angiotensin system was uniquely altered in LN, the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathways were uniquely altered in models of renal crystal formation, and the calcium signaling pathway was specific to renal IRI. Conclusions Via bioinformatics analysis, this study revealed the transcriptional features of macrophages in murine LN, renal crystal formation and IRI models, which may serve as promising targets for mechanistic research and the clinical treatment of multiple renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Celeste Cheuk
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingbao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Shihao Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxin Mao
- Department of Urology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yamei Jiang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongsheng Luo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixi Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiming Rong
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
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Zhang F, Liu P, He Z, Zhang L, He X, Liu F, Qi J. Crocin ameliorates atherosclerosis by promoting the reverse cholesterol transport and inhibiting the foam cell formation via regulating PPARγ/LXR-α. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:202-218. [PMID: 34978526 PMCID: PMC8837240 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.2015669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Crocin (CRO) is feasible in alleviating atherosclerosis (AS), the mechanism of which was therefore explored in the study. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-treated macrophages received CRO treatment. Treated macrophage viability was determined via MTT assay. In both murine and macrophage, the lipid level and total Cholesterol/Cholesteryl l Ester (TC/CE) levels were quantified by oil-red-O staining and ELISA, respectively. Lipid droplet, aortic plaque formation and collagen deposition were detected via Oil-red-O staining, hematoxylin–eosin staining and Masson staining, respectively. Liver X Receptor-α (LXR-α), Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ), CD68, PCSK9, CD36, ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 (ABCA1), phosphorylated (p)-AKT, and AKT expressions were detected via Western blot, the former three also being detected using Immunohistochemistry and the first being measured by qRT-PCR. CRO decreased HFD-induced weight gain, ameliorated the abnormal serum lipid levels of HFD-treated mice, and inhibited aortic plaque formation and lipid deposition, and increased collagen fibers, with upregulated high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and downregulated TC and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). CRO alleviated the HFD-induced upregulations of CD68, PCSK9 and CD36 as well as downregulations of PPARγ/LXR-α, ABCA1 and AKT phosphorylation. In LPA-treated macrophages, CRO alone exerted no effect on the viability yet inhibited the lipid droplets formation and downregulated TC/CE levels. Silent LXR-α reversed the effect of CRO on the lipid droplets formation and levels of lipid metabolism-related factors. CRO ameliorated AS by inhibiting foam cells formation and promoting reverse cholesterol transport via PPARγ/LXR-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhaopeng He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Like Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xinqi He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jinsheng Qi
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
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65
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AKT Isoforms in Macrophage Activation, Polarization, and Survival. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:165-196. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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66
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Chen R, Wang J, Dai X, Wu S, Huang Q, Jiang L, Kong X. Augmented PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis by interferon-γ promotes inflammatory M1 polarization through the JAK2/STAT1 pathway in local vascular inflammation in Takayasu arteritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:266. [PMID: 36510278 PMCID: PMC9743547 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is characterized by pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage infiltration and increased interferon (IFN)-γ expression in vascular lesions. IFN-γ is a key cytokine involved in M1 polarization. Macrophage polarization is accompanied by metabolic changes. However, the metabolic regulation mechanism of IFN-γ in M1 macrophage polarization in TAK remains unclear. METHODS Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were employed to observe the expression of IFN-γ, PFKFB3 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3, the rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis), and macrophage surface markers in the vascular tissue. Monocyte-derived macrophages from patients with TAK were cultured to examine the role of PFKFB3 in IFN-γ-induced M1 macrophage polarization. Seahorse analysis was used to detect the alterations in glucose metabolism during this process. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR, flow cytometry, and western blot were used to confirm the phenotypes of macrophages and related signaling pathways. RESULTS In the vascular adventitia of patients with TAK, an increase in PFKFB3 accompanied by IFN-γ expression was observed in M1 macrophages. In vitro, IFN-γ successfully induced macrophage differentiation into the M1 phenotype, which was manifested as an increase in CD80 and HLA-DR markers and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. During this process, PFKFB3 expression and glycolysis levels were significantly increased. However, glycolysis and M1 polarization induced by IFN-γ were suppressed by a PFKFB3 inhibitor. In addition, JAK2/STAT1 phosphorylation was also enhanced in macrophages stimulated by IFN-γ. The effects of IFN-γ on macrophages, including the expression of PFKFB3, glycolysis, and M1 polarization, were also inhibited by the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib or STAT1 inhibitor fludarabine. CONCLUSION PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis promotes IFN-γ-induced M1 polarization through the JAK2/STAT1 signaling pathway, indicating that PFKFB3 plays an important role in M1 polarization mediated by IFN-γ; thus, PFKFB3 is a potential intervention target in TAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyi Chen
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, No.180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, No.180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Xiaojuan Dai
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, No.180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Sifan Wu
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, No.180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Qingrong Huang
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, No.180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Lindi Jiang
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, No.180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Xiufang Kong
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, No.180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032 China
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Zhang J, Li S, Zhang X, Li C, Zhang J, Zhou W. LncRNA HLA-F-AS1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by inducing PFN1 in colorectal cancer-derived extracellular vesicles and mediating macrophage polarization. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1269-1284. [PMID: 33531647 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00276-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy with high incidence and low 5-year survival. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a kind of specific RNA transcript, are increasingly implicated in tumor growth, metastasis, invasion, and prognosis by regulating the tumor microenvironment in extracellular vesicles (EVs). This study aims at investigating the potential effect of lncRNA HLA-F-AS1 on CRC by affecting the profilin 1 (PFN1) expression pattern in the tumor EVs. The expression patterns of HLA-F-AS1 and miR-375 were determined by RT-qPCR in the CRC tissues and cells. CCK-8 and Transwell assays were conducted to detect the cell proliferation and migration, and invasion, respectively. Western blot analysis was performed to measure the expression pattern of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. Bioinformatics prediction website and dual-luciferase reporter assay were conducted to verify the interaction between HLA-F-AS1 and miR-375. The CRC-derived EVs were extracted with the expression pattern of PFN1 determined by ELISA, while its effect on the macrophage polarization was assessed by flow cytometry. The effect of PFN1-treated macrophages on CRC cell proliferation and migration was observed by subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiments in nude mice. The results indicated that the HLA-F-AS1 expression pattern was increased in the CRC tissues and cells, which promoted the migration, invasion, and EMT of CRC cells in vitro. Mechanistically, HLA-F-AS1 competitively bound to miR-375 and inversely regulated miR-375 expression pattern. Interestingly, PFN1 was identified as a direct target of miR-375, and positively modulated by HLA-F-AS1 by binding to miR-375. Overexpression of HLA-F-AS1 repressed miR-375 and promoted the PFN1 expression pattern in CRC cells and CRC-derived EVs, further promoting M2 polarization of macrophages. Furthermore, macrophages treated with PFN1 in CRC-derived EVs stimulated CRC cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these outcomes highlight that HLA-F-AS1 promotes the expression pattern of PFN1 in CRC-EVs by inhibiting miR-375, thereby polarizing macrophages toward M2 phenotype, and aggravating the tumorigenesis of CRC, eliciting that HLA-F-AS1 may serve as a viable and promising therapeutic strategy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, P.R. China
| | - Shiquan Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, P.R. China
| | - Jiantao Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, P.R. China.
| | - Wenli Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, P.R. China.
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Classical Dichotomy of Macrophages and Alternative Activation Models Proposed with Technological Progress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9910596. [PMID: 34722776 PMCID: PMC8553456 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9910596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are important immune cells that participate in the regulation of inflammation in implant dentistry, and their activation/polarization state is considered to be the basis for their functions. The classic dichotomy activation model is commonly accepted, however, due to the discovery of macrophage heterogeneity and more functional and iconic exploration at different technologies; some studies have discovered the shortcomings of the dichotomy model and have put forward the concept of alternative activation models through the application of advanced technologies such as cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF), single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), and hyperspectral image (HSI). These alternative models have great potential to help macrophages divide phenotypes and functional genes.
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Functionally Heterogenous Macrophage Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Novel Targets for Disease Monitoring and Treatment. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214958. [PMID: 34768479 PMCID: PMC8585092 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a granulomatous large-vessel vasculitis that affects adults above 50 years of age. In GCA, circulating monocytes are recruited to the inflamed arteries. With cues from the vascular microenvironment, they differentiate into macrophages and play important roles in the pathogenesis of GCA via pro-inflammatory cytokine production and vascular remodeling. However, a deeper understanding of macrophage heterogeneity in GCA pathogenesis is needed to assist the development of novel diagnostic tools and targeted therapies. Here, we review the current knowledge on macrophage heterogeneity and diverse functions of macrophage subsets in the pathogenesis of GCA. We next discuss the possibility to exploit their heterogeneity as a source of novel biomarkers and as targets for nuclear imaging. Finally, we discuss novel macrophage-targeted therapies and future directions for targeting these cells in GCA.
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Jiang M, Li X, Zhang J, Lu Y, Shi Y, Zhu C, Liu Y, Qin B, Luo Z, Du Y, Luo L, Peng L, You J. Dual Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidation Stress Manipulates the Polarization of Macrophages under Hypoxia to Sensitize Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14522-14534. [PMID: 34414762 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
M2-tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in tumor genesis, progression, and metastasis, and repolarizing M2-TAMs to immune-promoting M1 type is increasingly recognized as a promising strategy against the clinically intractable carcinomas. It is observed that M2 macrophages have a high tropism to the tumor hypoxic area, with their endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated IRE1-XBP1 pathway activated to inhibit cell glycolysis, promote oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and facilitate intracellular lipid accumulation, which in turn shapes the typical phenotypes of M2-TAMs, suggesting that manipulating the ER stress response of M2-TAMs might stand as a breakthrough for antitumor therapy. However, current attempts to repolarize M2 cells remain limited and are greatly challenged by the hypoxic nature of tumors. Also, the high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is favorable for the polarization of M2-TAMs. Here, we encapsulated KIRA6, an inhibitor of the IRE1-XBP1 pathway, into a reductive nanoemulsion containing α-tocopherol. Our α-T-K had dual inhibitory effects on the ER stress and oxidative stress. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments suggested that α-T-K effectively reprogrammed M2 macrophages even under hypoxia, achieved by increasing glycolysis and suppressing fatty acid oxidation (FAO). In addition, our data revealed that α-T-K not only delayed tumor growth but elevated the curative effect of PD-1 antibody. Our research demonstrated that simultaneous inhibition of ER stress and oxidative stress could effectively repolarize M2-TAMs under hypoxia, which not only filled the current gap in regulating the biological repolarization of macrophages under hypoxia but provided a meaningful reference for the clinical immunotherapy of sensitized anti-PD-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengshi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Junlei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yichao Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Chunqi Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Bing Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Ling Peng
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
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71
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Shen D, He Z. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes regulate the polarization and inflammatory response of macrophages via miR-21-5p to promote repair after myocardial reperfusion injury. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1323. [PMID: 34532460 PMCID: PMC8422151 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is a type of myocardial ischemia that has a significant impact on patients' health. We aimed to explore the protective effect of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and their specific mechanism. Methods The effects of MSC-EXOs on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury were recorded. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in mouse myocardial tissue or culture supernatant. Co-cultured MSC-EXOs and RAW264.7 cells were used to study the effect of MSC-EXOs on the polarization of macrophages at the cellular level. The ratio of M1 and M2 macrophages were detected by flow cytometry, and RT-qPCR detected the mRNA expression levels of corresponding markers. After transfection with miR-21-5p inhibitors or mimics, flow cytometry and RT-qPCR experiments were performed to explore the specific role of MSC-EXOs in macrophage polarization. Results After injection of MSC-EXOs, the mRNA expression of M1 macrophage markers (iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα) in the myocardial tissue of model mice was significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the mRNA expression of M2 macrophage markers was significantly increased (P<0.05). The injection also reduced the inflammation response in the model mice (P<0.05). In the in vitro experiment, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced the inflammatory microenvironment. After MSC-EXOs were fixed in the cytoplasm of RAW264.7 cells, the level of IL-6 in the culture supernatant decreased (P<0.05), and the level of IL-10 increased (P<0.05). The addition of MSC-EXOs to LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells promoted their polarization toward the M2 phenotype and upregulated their marker expression levels (P<0.05). Following inhibition of miR-21-5p in MSC cells, the EXOs were collected, and it was found that MSC-EXOs that inhibited the expression of miR-21-5p promoted LPS-induced polarization of RAW264.7 cells to the M1 phenotype and upregulated inflammation in the culture supernatant. Furthermore, transfection with miR-21-5p mimics promoted the polarization of RAW264.7 cells to the M2 phenotype and reduced the level of inflammatory factors in the culture supernatant. Conclusions MSC-EXOs promote the polarization of macrophages to the M2 phenotype via miR-21-5p, thereby reducing inflammation and promoting heart repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafu Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Post and Telecommunication Hospital, Shanghai, China
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72
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Wang S, Gao Y. Pancreatic cancer cell-derived microRNA-155-5p-containing extracellular vesicles promote immune evasion by triggering EHF-dependent activation of Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:107990. [PMID: 34482266 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC)-derived EVs have been extensively investigated due to their promising potential as disease biomarkers for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment decisionmaking. Herein, we explored the mechanism underlying PC-derived EVs in immune evasion of PC. Initially, microRNA (miR)-155-5p level was quantified by RT-qPCR in tumor tissue samples from PC patients, EVs isolated from PC cell lines and PC cell lines. Then, the interaction between miR-155-5p and EHF was identified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Ectopic expression and knockdown experiments were conducted in PC cells, PC cells-derived EVs, or mouse xenograft model of PC. Afterwards, cell invasion, proportion of macrophage and immune cell subsets, and expression of NF-κB signaling-related genes were assessed using Transwell assay, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Accordingly, miR-155-5p was upregulated in clinical tissue samples, Pan02-derived EVs and PC cell lines. miR-155-5p knockdown in PC cells enhanced anti-tumor immunity. PC cell-derived EVs facilitated immunosuppressive microenvironment by promoting T cell depletion. In addition, PC cell-derived EVs transferred miR-155-5p to macrophages and then promoted polarization of macrophages to M2 phenotype. EHF was downregulated in PC and could be targeted by miR-155-5p, which resulted in the activation of the Akt/NF-κB signaling. Our findings revealed a previously unrecognized tumor immune evasion-promoting function of PC-derived EV miR-155-5p in PC development by suppressing EHF and activating NF-κB signaling. This study suggested that the miR-155-5p/EHF/Akt/NF-κB axis can be exploited to prevent cancer immune evasion triggered by therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Wang
- Department of Special Needs Ward, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276100, PR China
| | - Yongli Gao
- Third Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276100, PR China.
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73
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Luan H, Horng T. Dynamic changes in macrophage metabolism modulate induction and suppression of Type I inflammatory responses. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 73:9-15. [PMID: 34399114 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During microbial infection, macrophages link recognition of microbial stimuli to the induction of Type I inflammatory responses. Such inflammatory responses coordinate host defense and pathogen elimination but induce significant tissue damage if sustained, so macrophages are initially activated to induce inflammatory responses but then shift to a tolerant state to suppress inflammatory responses. Macrophage tolerance is regulated by induction of negative regulators of TLR signaling, but its metabolic basis was not known. Here, we review recent studies that indicate that macrophage metabolism changes dynamically over the course of microbial exposure to influence a shift in the inflammatory response. In particular, an initial increase in oxidative metabolism boosts the induction of inflammatory responses, but is followed by a shutdown of oxidative metabolism that contributes to suppression of inflammatory responses. We propose a unifying model for how dynamic changes to oxidative metabolism influences regulation of macrophage inflammatory responses during microbial exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Luan
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiffany Horng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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74
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Abstract
Macrophages are essential components of the immune system and play a role in the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system. Depending on their origin and phenotype, cardiac macrophages perform various functions. In a steady-state, these cells play a beneficial role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis by defending the body from pathogens and eliminating apoptotic cells, participating in electrical conduction, vessel patrolling, and arterial tone regulation. However, macrophages also take part in adverse cardiac remodeling that could lead to the development and progression of heart failure (HF) in such HF comorbidities as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and myocardial infarction. Nevertheless, studies on detailed mechanisms of cardiac macrophage function are still in progress, and could enable potential therapeutic applications of these cells. This review aims to present the latest reports on the origin, heterogeneity, and functions of cardiac macrophages in the healthy heart and in cardiovascular diseases leading to HF. The potential therapeutic use of macrophages is also briefly discussed.
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75
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 α in Macrophages, but Not in Neutrophils, Is Important for Host Defense during Klebsiella pneumoniae-Induced Pneumosepsis. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:9958281. [PMID: 34393650 PMCID: PMC8360744 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9958281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor- (HIF-) 1α has been implicated in the ability of cells to adapt to alterations in oxygen levels. Bacterial stimuli can induce HIF1α in immune cells, including those of myeloid origin. We here determined the role of myeloid cell HIF1α in the host response during pneumonia and sepsis caused by the common human pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae. To this end, we generated mice deficient for HIF1α in myeloid cells (LysM-cre × Hif1αfl/fl) or neutrophils (Mrp8-cre × Hif1αfl/fl) and infected these with Klebsiella pneumoniae via the airways. Myeloid, but not neutrophil, HIF1α-deficient mice had increased bacterial loads in the lungs and distant organs after infection as compared to control mice, pointing at a role for HIF1α in macrophages. Myeloid HIF1α-deficient mice did not show increased bacterial growth after intravenous infection, suggesting that their phenotype during pneumonia was mediated by lung macrophages. Alveolar and lung interstitial macrophages from LysM-cre × Hif1αfl/fl mice produced lower amounts of the immune enhancing cytokine tumor necrosis factor upon stimulation with Klebsiella, while their capacity to phagocytose or to produce reactive oxygen species was unaltered. Alveolar macrophages did not upregulate glycolysis in response to lipopolysaccharide, irrespective of HIF1α presence. These data suggest a role for HIF1α expressed in lung macrophages in protective innate immunity during pneumonia caused by a common bacterial pathogen.
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76
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Natoli G, Pileri F, Gualdrini F, Ghisletti S. Integration of transcriptional and metabolic control in macrophage activation. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e53251. [PMID: 34328708 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages react to microbial and endogenous danger signals by activating a broad panel of effector and homeostatic responses. Such responses entail rapid and stimulus-specific changes in gene expression programs accompanied by extensive rewiring of metabolism, with alterations in chromatin modifications providing one layer of integration of transcriptional and metabolic regulation. A systematic and mechanistic understanding of the mutual influences between signal-induced metabolic changes and gene expression is still lacking. Here, we discuss current evidence, controversies, knowledge gaps, and future areas of investigation on how metabolic and transcriptional changes are dynamically integrated during macrophage activation. The cross-talk between metabolism and inflammatory gene expression is in part accounted for by alterations in the production, usage, and availability of metabolic intermediates that impact the macrophage epigenome. In addition, stimulus-inducible gene expression changes alter the production of inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide, that in turn modulate the activity of metabolic enzymes thus determining complex regulatory loops. Critical issues remain to be understood, notably whether and how metabolic rewiring can bring about gene-specific (as opposed to global) expression changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioacchino Natoli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pileri
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Gualdrini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Ghisletti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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77
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Cui S, Zhang L. microRNA-129-5p shuttled by mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration via blockade of LRG1-mediated p38 MAPK activation. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211021679. [PMID: 34377430 PMCID: PMC8330460 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211021679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been reported to deliver exogenous microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) to reduce the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The purpose of the current study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs delivering miR-129-5p in IDD. First, miR-129-5p expression levels were quantified in nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues of IDD patients. An IL-1β-induced NP cell model with IDD was then established, and co-cultured with EVs derived from MSCs that had been transfected with miR-129-5p mimic or inhibitor to elucidate the effects of miR-129-5p on cell viability, apoptosis, and ECM degradation. In addition, RAW264.7 cells were treated with the conditioned medium (CM) of NP cells. Next, the expression patterns of polarization markers and those of inflammatory factors in macrophages were detected using flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. Lastly, rat models of IDD were established to validate the in vitro findings. It was found that miR-129-5p was poorly-expressed in NP tissues following IDD. Delivery of miR-129-5p to NP cells by MSC-derived EVs brought about a decrease in NP cell apoptosis, ECM degradation and M1 polarization of macrophages. Moreover, miR-129-5p directly-targeted LRG1, which subsequently promoted the activation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway, thus polarizing macrophages toward the M1 phenotype. Furthermore, MSC-derived EVs transferring miR-129-5p relieved IDD via inhibition of the LRG1/p38 MAPK signaling in vivo. Altogether, our findings indicated that MSC-derived EVs carrying miR-129-5p confer protection against IDD by targeting LRG1 and suppressing the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, offering a novel theranostic marker in IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqian Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
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78
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Zhao F, Guo Z, Hou F, Fan W, Wu B, Qian Z. Magnoflorine Alleviates "M1" Polarized Macrophage-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Through Repressing the HMGB1/Myd88/NF-κB Pathway and NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:701087. [PMID: 34366853 PMCID: PMC8343137 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.701087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is related to the deterioration of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells due to hypertrophic differentiation and calcification. The imbalance of pro-inflammatory (M1 type) and anti-inflammatory (M2 type) macrophages contributes to maintaining tissue integrity. Here, we aimed to probe the effect of Magnoflorine (MAG) on NP cell apoptosis mediated by “M1” polarized macrophages. THP-1 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce “M1” polarized macrophages. Under the treatment with increasing concentrations of MAG, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-18), high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), as well as myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in THP-1 cells were determined. What’s more, human NP cells were treated with the conditioned medium (CM) from THP-1 cells. The NP cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated. Western blot (WB) was adopted to monitor the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Caspase3, and Caspase9), catabolic enzymes (MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5), and extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions (collagen II and aggrecan) in NP cells. As a result, LPS evidently promoted the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and HMGB1, the MyD88-NF-κB activation, and the NLRP3 inflammasome profile in THP-1 cells, while MAG obviously inhibited the "M1″ polarization of THP-1 cells. After treatment with “M1” polarized THP-1 cell CM, NP cell viability was decreased, while cell apoptosis, the pro-inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis-related proteins, and catabolic enzymes were distinctly up-regulated, and ECM compositions were reduced. After treatment with MAG, NP cell damages were dramatically eased. Furthermore, MAG dampened the HMGB1 expression and inactivated the MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome in NP cells. In conclusion, this study confirmed that MAG alleviates “M1” polarized macrophage-mediated NP cell damage by inactivating the HMGB1-MyD88-NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome, which provides a new reference for IDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhenye Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Fushan Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Binqiang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhonglai Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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79
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Rasheed A, Rayner KJ. Macrophage Responses to Environmental Stimuli During Homeostasis and Disease. Endocr Rev 2021; 42:407-435. [PMID: 33523133 PMCID: PMC8284619 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Work over the last 40 years has described macrophages as a heterogeneous population that serve as the frontline surveyors of tissue immunity. As a class, macrophages are found in almost every tissue in the body and as distinct populations within discrete microenvironments in any given tissue. During homeostasis, macrophages protect these tissues by clearing invading foreign bodies and/or mounting immune responses. In addition to varying identities regulated by transcriptional programs shaped by their respective environments, macrophage metabolism serves as an additional regulator to temper responses to extracellular stimuli. The area of research known as "immunometabolism" has been established within the last decade, owing to an increase in studies focusing on the crosstalk between altered metabolism and the regulation of cellular immune processes. From this research, macrophages have emerged as a prime focus of immunometabolic studies, although macrophage metabolism and their immune responses have been studied for centuries. During disease, the metabolic profile of the tissue and/or systemic regulators, such as endocrine factors, become increasingly dysregulated. Owing to these changes, macrophage responses can become skewed to promote further pathophysiologic changes. For instance, during diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis, macrophages favor a proinflammatory phenotype; whereas in the tumor microenvironment, macrophages elicit an anti-inflammatory response to enhance tumor growth. Herein we have described how macrophages respond to extracellular cues including inflammatory stimuli, nutrient availability, and endocrine factors that occur during and further promote disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Rasheed
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katey J Rayner
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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80
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He L, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Yuan F, Li S. Single-cell analysis reveals cell communication triggered by macrophages associated with the reduction and exhaustion of CD8 + T cells in COVID-19. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:73. [PMID: 34238338 PMCID: PMC8264994 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) has become an ongoing pandemic. Understanding the respiratory immune microenvironment which is composed of multiple cell types, together with cell communication based on ligand–receptor interactions is important for developing vaccines, probing COVID-19 pathogenesis, and improving pandemic control measures. Methods A total of 102 consecutive hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in this study. Clinical information, routine laboratory tests, and flow cytometry analysis data with different conditions were collected and assessed for predictive value in COVID-19 patients. Next, we analyzed public single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, which offers the closest available view of immune cell heterogeneity as encountered in patients with varying severity of COVID-19. A weighting algorithm was used to calculate ligand–receptor interactions, revealing the communication potentially associated with outcomes across cell types. Finally, serum cytokines including IL6, IL1β, IL10, CXCL10, TNFα, GALECTIN-1, and IGF1 derived from patients were measured. Results Of the 102 COVID-19 patients, 42 cases (41.2%) were categorized as severe. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that AST, D-dimer, BUN, and WBC were considered as independent risk factors for the severity of COVID-19. T cell numbers including total T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the severe disease group were significantly lower than those in the moderate disease group. The risk model containing the above mentioned inflammatory damage parameters, and the counts of T cells, with AUROCs ranged from 0.78 to 0.87. To investigate the molecular mechanism at the cellular level, we analyzed the published scRNA-seq data and found that macrophages displayed specific functional diversity after SARS-Cov-2 infection, and the metabolic pathway activities in the identified macrophage subtypes were influenced by hypoxia status. Importantly, we described ligand–receptor interactions that are related to COVID-19 serverity involving macrophages and T cell subsets by communication analysis. Conclusions Our study showed that macrophages driving ligand–receptor crosstalk contributed to the reduction and exhaustion of CD8+ T cells. The identified crucial cytokine panel, including IL6, IL1β, IL10, CXCL10, IGF1, and GALECTIN-1, may offer the selective targets to improve the efficacy of COVID-19 therapy. Trial registration: This is a retrospective observational study without a trial registration number.![]() Video Abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-021-00754-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei He
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Wuhan, 430015, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yixian Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fahu Yuan
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Songming Li
- Department of Respiration, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, No. 11, Linjiao Lake Road, Jianghan District, Wuhan, 430015, China.
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81
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Singh AK, Netea MG, Bishai WR. BCG turns 100: its nontraditional uses against viruses, cancer, and immunologic diseases. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e148291. [PMID: 34060492 DOI: 10.1172/jci148291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
First administered to a human subject as a tuberculosis (TB) vaccine on July 18, 1921, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has a long history of use for the prevention of TB and later the immunotherapy of bladder cancer. For TB prevention, BCG is given to infants born globally across over 180 countries and has been in use since the late 1920s. With about 352 million BCG doses procured annually and tens of billions of doses having been administered over the past century, it is estimated to be the most widely used vaccine in human history. While its roles for TB prevention and bladder cancer immunotherapy are widely appreciated, over the past century, BCG has been also studied for nontraditional purposes, which include (a) prevention of viral infections and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, (b) cancer immunotherapy aside from bladder cancer, and (c) immunologic diseases, including multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and atopic diseases. The basis for these heterologous effects lies in the ability of BCG to alter immunologic set points via heterologous T cell immunity, as well as epigenetic and metabolomic changes in innate immune cells, a process called "trained immunity." In this Review, we provide an overview of what is known regarding the trained immunity mechanism of heterologous protection, and we describe the current knowledge base for these nontraditional uses of BCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok K Singh
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - William R Bishai
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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82
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Huffaker TB, Ekiz HA, Barba C, Lee SH, Runtsch MC, Nelson MC, Bauer KM, Tang WW, Mosbruger TL, Cox JE, Round JL, Voth WP, O'Connell RM. A Stat1 bound enhancer promotes Nampt expression and function within tumor associated macrophages. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2620. [PMID: 33976173 PMCID: PMC8113251 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor associated macrophage responses are regulated by distinct metabolic states that affect their function. However, the ability of specific signals in the local tumor microenvironment to program macrophage metabolism remains under investigation. Here, we identify NAMPT, the rate limiting enzyme in NAD salvage synthesis, as a target of STAT1 during cellular activation by interferon gamma, an important driver of macrophage polarization and antitumor responses. We demonstrate that STAT1 occupies a conserved element within the first intron of Nampt, termed Nampt-Regulatory Element-1 (NRE1). Through disruption of NRE1 or pharmacological inhibition, a subset of M1 genes is sensitive to NAMPT activity through its impact on glycolytic processes. scRNAseq is used to profile in vivo responses by NRE1-deficient, tumor-associated leukocytes in melanoma tumors through the creation of a unique mouse strain. Reduced Nampt and inflammatory gene expression are present in specific myeloid and APC populations; moreover, targeted ablation of NRE1 in macrophage lineages results in greater tumor burden. Finally, elevated NAMPT expression correlates with IFNγ responses and melanoma patient survival. This study identifies IFN and STAT1-inducible Nampt as an important factor that shapes the metabolic program and function of tumor associated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Huffaker
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - H Atakan Ekiz
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Cindy Barba
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Soh-Hyun Lee
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marah C Runtsch
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Morgan C Nelson
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kaylyn M Bauer
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - William W Tang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - James E Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Metabolomics Core Research Facility, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - June L Round
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Warren P Voth
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Ryan M O'Connell
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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83
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Nutritional immunity: the impact of metals on lung immune cells and the airway microbiome during chronic respiratory disease. Respir Res 2021; 22:133. [PMID: 33926483 PMCID: PMC8082489 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional immunity is the sequestration of bioavailable trace metals such as iron, zinc and copper by the host to limit pathogenicity by invading microorganisms. As one of the most conserved activities of the innate immune system, limiting the availability of free trace metals by cells of the immune system serves not only to conceal these vital nutrients from invading bacteria but also operates to tightly regulate host immune cell responses and function. In the setting of chronic lung disease, the regulation of trace metals by the host is often disrupted, leading to the altered availability of these nutrients to commensal and invading opportunistic pathogenic microbes. Similarly, alterations in the uptake, secretion, turnover and redox activity of these vitally important metals has significant repercussions for immune cell function including the response to and resolution of infection. This review will discuss the intricate role of nutritional immunity in host immune cells of the lung and how changes in this fundamental process as a result of chronic lung disease may alter the airway microbiome, disease progression and the response to infection.
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84
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Almeida L, Everts B. Fa(c)t checking: How fatty acids shape metabolism and function of macrophages and dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:1628-1640. [PMID: 33788250 PMCID: PMC8359938 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years there have been major advances in our understanding of the role of free fatty acids (FAs) and their metabolism in shaping the functional properties of macrophages and DCs. This review presents the most recent insights into how cell intrinsic FA metabolism controls DC and macrophage function, as well as the current evidence of the importance of various exogenous FAs (such as polyunsaturated FAs and their oxidation products—prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and proresolving lipid mediators) in affecting DC and macrophage biology, by modulating their metabolic properties. Finally, we explore whether targeted modulation of FA metabolism of myeloid cells to steer their function could hold promise in therapeutic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Almeida
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Everts
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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85
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Zhang Y, Cai S, Ding X, Lu C, Wu R, Wu H, Shang Y, Pang M. MicroRNA-30a-5p silencing polarizes macrophages toward M2 phenotype to alleviate cardiac injury following viral myocarditis by targeting SOCS1. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1348-H1360. [PMID: 33416455 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00431.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a life-threatening disease characterized by severe cardiac inflammation generally caused by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection. Several microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are known to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of VMC. The study aimed to decipher the role of miR-30a-5p in the underlying mechanisms of VMC pathogenesis. We first quantified miR-30a-5p expression in a CVB3-induced mouse VMC model. The physiological characteristics of mouse cardiac tissues were then detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Picrosirius red staining. We established the correlation between miR-30a-5p and SOCS1, using dual-luciferase gene assay and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The expression of inflammatory factors (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13), M1 polarization markers [TNF-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)], M2 polarization markers (Arg-1, IL-10), and myocardial hypertrophy markers [atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)] was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. miR-30a-5p was found to be highly expressed in VMC mice. Silencing of miR-30a-5p improved the cardiac function index and reduced heart weight-to-body weight ratio, myocardial tissue pathological changes and fibrosis degree, serological indexes, as well as proinflammatory factor levels, while enhancing anti-inflammatory factor levels in VMC mice. Furthermore, silencing of miR-30a-5p inhibited M1 polarization of macrophages while promoting M2 polarization in vivo and in vitro. SOCS1 was a target gene of miR-30a-5p, and the aforementioned cardioprotective effects of miR-30a-5p silencing were reversed upon silencing of SOCS1. Overall, this study shows that silencing of miR-30a-5p may promote M2 polarization of macrophages and improve cardiac injury following VMC via SOCS1 upregulation, constituting a potential therapeutic target for VMC treatment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found in this study that microRNA (miR)-30a-5p inhibition might improve cardiac injury following viral myocarditis (VMC) by accelerating M2 polarization of macrophages via SOCS1 upregulation. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of miR-30a-5p inhibition may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for VMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbao Cai
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Ding
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Lu
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruodan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Shang
- Medical School of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Pang
- Department of Cardiology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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86
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Chen L, Zhang L, Zhang H, Sun X, Liu D, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Cheng L, Santos HA, Cui W. Programmable immune activating electrospun fibers for skin regeneration. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:3218-3230. [PMID: 33778200 PMCID: PMC7966852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells play a crucial regulatory role in inflammatory phase and proliferative phase during skin healing. How to programmatically activate sequential immune responses is the key for scarless skin regeneration. In this study, an "Inner-Outer" IL-10-loaded electrospun fiber with cascade release behavior was constructed. During the inflammatory phase, the electrospun fiber released a lower concentration of IL-10 within the wound, inhibiting excessive recruitment of inflammatory cells and polarizing macrophages into anti-inflammatory phenotype "M2c" to suppress excessive inflammation response. During the proliferative phase, a higher concentration of IL-10 released by the fiber and the anti-fibrotic cytokines secreted by polarized "M2c" directly acted on dermal fibroblasts to simultaneously inhibit extracellular matrix overdeposition and promote fibroblast migration. The "Inner-Outer" IL-10-loaded electrospun fiber programmatically activated the sequential immune responses during wound healing and led to scarless skin regeneration, which is a promising immunomodulatory biomaterial with great potential for promoting complete tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Liucheng Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory and Turku Center for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku FI-20520, Finland
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Yuguang Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Liying Cheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
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87
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Gao J, Teng L, Yang S, Huang S, Li L, Zhou L, Liu G, Tang H. MNK as a potential pharmacological target for suppressing LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 186:114499. [PMID: 33675774 PMCID: PMC7957947 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) or its more severe form, known as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is characterized by an initial exudative phase, expression of proinflammatory mediators, activation of inflammatory leukocytes, and impairment of the lung endothelium and epithelium. Despite numerous, novel therapeutic strategies have been developed regarding the pathophysiology of ALI, current treatment is mainly supportive, as specific therapies have not been established in the past few decades. The MAP kinase-interacting kinases (MNK1 and MNK2) are serine threonine kinases which are activated by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), regulate protein synthesis by phosphroylating eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). Although studies have shown that MAPKs pathway is involved in anti-inflammatory and preventing tissue injury processes, the role of MNKs in ALI has, until now, remained relatively unexplored. Here, we investigated whether partial inhibition of MAPKs pathway by targeting MNKs was effective in the prevention and treatment of ALI. C57BL6 mice were pretreated with MNK1 and MNK2 inhibitor (CGP57380, 30 mg/kg) for 30 min and then challenged with 5 mg/kg LPS for 6 h. The results showed that pretreatment with CGP57380 not only significantly attenuated LPS-induced lung wet/dry ratio, as well as protein content, total cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), but also decreased the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and keratinocyte-derived chemoattractant (KC). In addition, CGP57380 was observed to significantly suppress LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of eIF4E and MAPKs in the mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). The involvement of MNK2 in lung injury was further evident by MNK2 knockout mice. MNK2 deficiency resulted in the attenuated lung histopathological changes, as also reflected by reductions in neutrophil counts, and the less LPS-induced the production of IL-6, TNF-α and KC in mouse BALF. Taken together, these findings demonstrated for the first time that MNK inhibition could effectively reduce the LPS-induced ALI in mice, suggesting a novel and potential application for MNK-based therapy to treat this serious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Gao
- Center for Animal Experiment, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li Teng
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430015, China
| | - Sijun Yang
- Center for Animal Experiment, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shuguang Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Linrui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Center for Animal Experiment, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hongbin Tang
- Center for Animal Experiment, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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88
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Askenase MH, Goods BA, Beatty HE, Steinschneider AF, Velazquez SE, Osherov A, Landreneau MJ, Carroll SL, Tran TB, Avram VS, Drake RS, Gatter GJ, Massey JA, Karuppagounder SS, Ratan RR, Matouk CC, Sheth KN, Ziai WC, Parry-Jones AR, Awad IA, Zuccarello M, Thompson RE, Dawson J, Hanley DF, Love JC, Shalek AK, Sansing LH. Longitudinal transcriptomics define the stages of myeloid activation in the living human brain after intracerebral hemorrhage. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:6/56/eabd6279. [PMID: 33891558 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abd6279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Opportunities to interrogate the immune responses in the injured tissue of living patients suffering from acute sterile injuries such as stroke and heart attack are limited. We leveraged a clinical trial of minimally invasive neurosurgery for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a severely disabling subtype of stroke, to investigate the dynamics of inflammation at the site of brain injury over time. Longitudinal transcriptional profiling of CD14+ monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils from hematomas of patients with ICH revealed that the myeloid response to ICH within the hematoma is distinct from that in the blood and occurs in stages conserved across the patient cohort. Initially, hematoma myeloid cells expressed a robust anabolic proinflammatory profile characterized by activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and expression of genes encoding immune factors and glycolysis. Subsequently, inflammatory gene expression decreased over time, whereas anti-inflammatory circuits were maintained and phagocytic and antioxidative pathways up-regulated. During this transition to immune resolution, glycolysis gene expression and levels of the potent proresolution lipid mediator prostaglandin E2 remained elevated in the hematoma, and unexpectedly, these elevations correlated with positive patient outcomes. Ex vivo activation of human macrophages by ICH-associated stimuli highlighted an important role for HIFs in production of both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, including PGE2, which, in turn, augmented VEGF production. Our findings define the time course of myeloid activation in the human brain after ICH, revealing a conserved progression of immune responses from proinflammatory to proresolution states in humans after brain injury and identifying transcriptional programs associated with neurological recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Askenase
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brittany A Goods
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES) and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hannah E Beatty
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Arthur F Steinschneider
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sofia E Velazquez
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Artem Osherov
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Margaret J Landreneau
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shaina L Carroll
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES) and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tho B Tran
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Victor S Avram
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Riley S Drake
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES) and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - G James Gatter
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES) and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jordan A Massey
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Saravanan S Karuppagounder
- Sperling Center for Hemorrhagic Stroke Recovery, Burke Neurological Institute at Weill Cornell Medicine, White Plains, NY, USA.,Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajiv R Ratan
- Sperling Center for Hemorrhagic Stroke Recovery, Burke Neurological Institute at Weill Cornell Medicine, White Plains, NY, USA.,Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles C Matouk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kevin N Sheth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wendy C Ziai
- Division of Brain Injury Outcomes, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adrian R Parry-Jones
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford, UK
| | - Issam A Awad
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mario Zuccarello
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Richard E Thompson
- Division of Brain Injury Outcomes, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jesse Dawson
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daniel F Hanley
- Division of Brain Injury Outcomes, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Christopher Love
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alex K Shalek
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES) and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lauren H Sansing
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Human and Translational Immunology Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Abstract
In this commentary we discuss new findings presented by Shang et al.
regarding the role of macrophage-derived glutamine in skeletal muscle repair.
Loss-of-function of glutamate dehydrogenase in macrophages led to an
upregulation of glutamine synthesis which sustained glutamine levels in muscle
tissue and facilitated satellite cell proliferation and differentiation.
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90
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Xu H, Li D, Ma J, Zhao Y, Xu L, Tian R, Liu Y, Sun L, Su J. The IL-33/ST2 axis affects tumor growth by regulating mitophagy in macrophages and reprogramming their polarization. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:172-183. [PMID: 33628592 PMCID: PMC7877183 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Macrophages are a major component of the tumor microenvironment. M1 macrophages secrete pro-inflammatory factors that inhibit tumor growth and development, whereas tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) mainly exhibit an M2 phenotype. Our previous studies have shown that the interleukin-33/ST2 (IL-33/ST2) axis is essential for activation of the M1 phenotype. This study investigates the role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in TAMs, its effects on tumor growth, and whether it participates in the mutual conversion between the M1 and M2 phenotypes. Methods: Bone marrow-derived macrophages were extracted from wildtype, ST2 knockout (ST2−/−), and Il33-overexpressing mice and differentiated with IL-4. The mitochondrial and lysosomal number and location, and the expression of related proteins were used to analyze mitophagy. Oxygen consumption rates and glucose and lactate levels were measured to reveal metabolic changes. Results: The IL-33/ST2 axis was demonstrated to play an important role in the metabolic conversion of macrophages from OXPHOS to glycolysis by altering mitophagy levels. The IL-33/ST2 axis promoted enhanced cell oxidative phosphorylation, thereby further increasing M2 polarization gene expression and ultimately promoting tumor growth (P < 0.05) (Figure 4). This metabolic shift was not due to mitochondrial damage, because the mitochondrial membrane potential was not significantly altered by IL-4 stimulation or ST2 knockout; however, it might be associated with the mTOR activity. Conclusions: These results clarify the interaction between the IL-33/ST2 pathway and macrophage polarization, and may pave the way to the development of new cancer immunotherapies targeting the IL-33/ST2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.,Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Long Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Rui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Jing Su
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
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91
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Fu Z, Kern TS, Hellström A, Smith LEH. Fatty acid oxidation and photoreceptor metabolic needs. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100035. [PMID: 32094231 PMCID: PMC7905050 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.tr120000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoreceptors have high energy demands and a high density of mitochondria that produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of fuel substrates. Although glucose is the major fuel for CNS brain neurons, in photoreceptors (also CNS), most glucose is not metabolized through OXPHOS but is instead metabolized into lactate by aerobic glycolysis. The major fuel sources for photoreceptor mitochondria remained unclear for almost six decades. Similar to other tissues (like heart and skeletal muscle) with high metabolic rates, photoreceptors were recently found to metabolize fatty acids (palmitate) through OXPHOS. Disruption of lipid entry into photoreceptors leads to extracellular lipid accumulation, suppressed glucose transporter expression, and a duel lipid/glucose fuel shortage. Modulation of lipid metabolism helps restore photoreceptor function. However, further elucidation of the types of lipids used as retinal energy sources, the metabolic interaction with other fuel pathways, as well as the cross-talk among retinal cells to provide energy to photoreceptors is not fully understood. In this review, we will focus on the current understanding of photoreceptor energy demand and sources, and potential future investigations of photoreceptor metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Timothy S Kern
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ann Hellström
- Section for Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Lois E H Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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92
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Marichal T. Endothelial cells instruct macrophages on how to Rspond to lung injury. Nat Immunol 2021; 21:1317-1318. [PMID: 33009520 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-00806-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Marichal
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liège University, Liege, Belgium. .,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège University, Liege, Belgium. .,WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Wallonia, Belgium.
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93
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Reprogramming of Central Carbon Metabolism in Myeloid Cells upon Innate Immune Receptor Stimulation. IMMUNO 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno1010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism is a relatively new field of research that aims at understanding interconnections between the immune system and cellular metabolism. This is now well-documented for innate immune cells of the myeloid lineage such as macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) when they engage their differentiation or activation programs. Several studies have shown that stimulation of DCs or macrophages by the binding of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) leads to increased glycolytic activity and rewiring of central carbon metabolism. These metabolic modulations are essential to support and settle immunological functions by providing energy and immunoregulatory metabolites. As the understanding of molecular mechanisms progressed, significant differences between cell types and species have also been discovered. Pathways leading to the regulation of central carbon metabolism in macrophages and DCs by PRR signaling and consequences on cellular functions are reviewed here.
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94
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Otto NA, Butler JM, Ramirez-Moral I, van Weeghel M, van Heijst JWJ, Scicluna BP, Houtkooper RH, de Vos AF, van der Poll T. Adherence Affects Monocyte Innate Immune Function and Metabolic Reprogramming after Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation In Vitro. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:827-838. [PMID: 33408258 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Circulating nonadherent monocytes can migrate to extravascular sites by a process that involves adherence. Alterations in intracellular metabolism shape the immunological phenotype of phagocytes upon activation. To determine the effect of adherence on their metabolic and functional response human monocytes were stimulated with LPS under nonadherent and adherent conditions. Adherent monocytes (relative to nonadherent monocytes) produced less TNF and IL-1β (proinflammatory) and more IL-10 (anti-inflammatory) upon LPS stimulation and had an increased capacity to phagocytose and produce reactive oxygen species. RNA sequencing analysis confirmed that adherence modified the LPS-induced response of monocytes, reducing expression of proinflammatory genes involved in TLR signaling and increasing induction of genes involved in pathogen elimination. Adherence resulted in an increased glycolytic response as indicated by lactate release, gene set enrichment, and [13C]-glucose flux analysis. To determine the role of glycolysis in LPS-induced immune responses, this pathway was inhibited by glucose deprivation or the glucose analogue 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG). Although both interventions equally inhibited glycolysis, only 2DG influenced monocyte functions, inhibiting expression of genes involved in TLR signaling and pathogen elimination, as well as cytokine release. 2DG, but not glucose deprivation, reduced expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation affected TNF and IL-10 release in a similar way as 2DG. Collectively, these data suggest that adherence may modify the metabolic and immunological profile of monocytes and that inhibition of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, but not inhibition of glycolysis alone, has a profound effect on immune functions of monocytes exposed to LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasja A Otto
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; .,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joe M Butler
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ivan Ramirez-Moral
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Brendon P Scicluna
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex F de Vos
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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95
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Liu Y, Xu R, Gu H, Zhang E, Qu J, Cao W, Huang X, Yan H, He J, Cai Z. Metabolic reprogramming in macrophage responses. Biomark Res 2021; 9:1. [PMID: 33407885 PMCID: PMC7786975 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-020-00251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are critical mediators of tissue homeostasis, with the function of tissue development and repair, but also in defense against pathogens. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are considered as the main component in the tumor microenvironment and play an important role in tumor initiation, growth, invasion, and metastasis. Recently, metabolic studies have revealeded specific metabolic pathways in macrophages are tightly associated with their phenotype and function. Generally, pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1) rely mainly on glycolysis and exhibit impairment of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), whereas anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2) are more dependent on mitochondrial OXPHOS. However, accumulating evidence suggests that macrophage metabolism is not as simple as previously thought. This review discusses recent advances in immunometabolism and describes how metabolism determines macrophage phenotype and function. In addition, we describe the metabolic characteristics of TAMs as well as their therapeutic implications. Finally, we discuss recent obstacles facing this area as well as promising directions for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruyi Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiyao Gu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Enfan Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianwei Qu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Cao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haimeng Yan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingsong He
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Afliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precison Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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96
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Wang Y, Tang B, Long L, Luo P, Xiang W, Li X, Wang H, Jiang Q, Tan X, Luo S, Li H, Wang Z, Chen Z, Leng Y, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Ma L, Wang R, Zeng C, Liu Z, Wang Y, Miao H, Shi C. Improvement of obesity-associated disorders by a small-molecule drug targeting mitochondria of adipose tissue macrophages. Nat Commun 2021; 12:102. [PMID: 33397994 PMCID: PMC7782823 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20315-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory activation of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) is causally linked to obesity and obesity-associated disorders. A number of studies have demonstrated the crucial role of mitochondrial metabolism in macrophage activation. However, there is a lack of pharmaceutical agents to target the mitochondrial metabolism of ATMs for the treatment of obesity-related diseases. Here, we characterize a near-infrared fluorophore (IR-61) that preferentially accumulates in the mitochondria of ATMs and has a therapeutic effect on diet-induced obesity as well as obesity-associated insulin resistance and fatty liver. IR-61 inhibits the classical activation of ATMs by increasing mitochondrial complex levels and oxidative phosphorylation via the ROS/Akt/Acly pathway. Taken together, our findings indicate that specific enhancement of ATMs oxidative phosphorylation improves chronic inflammation and obesity-related disorders. IR-61 might be an anti-inflammatory agent useful for the treatment of obesity-related diseases by targeting the mitochondria of ATMs. Adipose tissue macrophages are central to controlling inflammation in the context of obesity. Here the authors present a new infrared dye (IR-61) that accumulates in the mitochondria of these cells resulting in anti-inflammatory effects that counter obesity-associated pathology in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Wang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Binlin Tang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.,Oncology Department, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, China
| | - Lei Long
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xueru Li
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Huilan Wang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Qingzhi Jiang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xu Tan
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shenglin Luo
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ziwen Wang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zelin Chen
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Leng
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhongyong Jiang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Le Ma
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zujuan Liu
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Hongming Miao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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97
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Wang N, Wang S, Wang X, Zheng Y, Yang B, Zhang J, Pan B, Gao J, Wang Z. Research trends in pharmacological modulation of tumor-associated macrophages. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e288. [PMID: 33463063 PMCID: PMC7805405 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most abundant immune cell populations in the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play important roles in multiple solid malignancies, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. TAMs could contribute to carcinogenesis, neoangiogenesis, immune-suppressive TME remodeling, cancer chemoresistance, recurrence, and metastasis. Therefore, reprogramming of the immune-suppressive TAMs by pharmacological approaches has attracted considerable research attention in recent years. In this review, the promising pharmaceutical targets, as well as the existing modulatory strategies of TAMs were summarized. The chemokine-chemokine receptor signaling, tyrosine kinase receptor signaling, metabolic signaling, and exosomal signaling have been highlighted in determining the biological functions of TAMs. Besides, both preclinical research and clinical trials have suggested the chemokine-chemokine receptor blockers, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, bisphosphonates, as well as the exosomal or nanoparticle-based targeting delivery systems as the promising pharmacological approaches for TAMs deletion or reprogramming. Lastly, the combined therapies of TAMs-targeting strategies with traditional treatments or immunotherapies as well as the exosome-like nanovesicles for cancer therapy are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Wang
- The Research Center for Integrative MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Shengqi Wang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xuan Wang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yifeng Zheng
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Bowen Yang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Juping Zhang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Bo Pan
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jianli Gao
- Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- The Research Center for Integrative MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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98
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LeBlond ND, Ghorbani P, O'Dwyer C, Ambursley N, Nunes JRC, Smith TKT, Trzaskalski NA, Mulvihill EE, Viollet B, Foretz M, Fullerton MD. Myeloid deletion and therapeutic activation of AMPK do not alter atherosclerosis in male or female mice. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1697-1706. [PMID: 32978273 PMCID: PMC7707174 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120001040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of myeloid-derived cell metabolism can drive atherosclerosis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) controls various aspects of macrophage dynamics and lipid homeostasis, which are important during atherogenesis. Using LysM-Cre to drive the deletion of both the α1 and α2 catalytic subunits (MacKO), we aimed to clarify the role of myeloid-specific AMPK signaling in male and female mice made acutely atherosclerotic by injection of AAV vector encoding a gain-of-function mutant PCSK9 (PCSK9-AAV) and WD feeding. After 6 weeks of WD feeding, mice received a daily injection of either the AMPK activator A-769662 or a vehicle control for an additional 6 weeks. Following this (12 weeks total), we assessed myeloid cell populations and differences between genotype or sex were not observed. Similarly, aortic sinus plaque size, lipid staining, and necrotic area did not differ in male and female MacKO mice compared with their littermate floxed controls. Moreover, therapeutic intervention with A-769662 showed no treatment effect. There were also no observable differences in the amount of circulating total cholesterol or triglyceride, and only minor differences in the levels of inflammatory cytokines between groups. Finally, CD68+ area and markers of autophagy showed no effect of either lacking AMPK signaling or AMPK activation. Our data suggest that while defined roles for each catalytic AMPK subunit have been identified, complete deletion of myeloid AMPK signaling does not significantly impact atherosclerosis. Additionally, these findings suggest that intervention with the first-generation AMPK activator A-769662 is not able to stem the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D LeBlond
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peyman Ghorbani
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Conor O'Dwyer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nia Ambursley
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia R C Nunes
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tyler K T Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natasha A Trzaskalski
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin E Mulvihill
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Marc Foretz
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Morgan D Fullerton
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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99
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Harber KJ, de Goede KE, Verberk SGS, Meinster E, de Vries HE, van Weeghel M, de Winther MPJ, Van den Bossche J. Succinate Is an Inflammation-Induced Immunoregulatory Metabolite in Macrophages. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10090372. [PMID: 32942769 PMCID: PMC7569821 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism revealed the crucial role of cellular metabolism in controlling immune cell phenotype and functions. Macrophages, key immune cells that support progression of numerous inflammatory diseases, have been well described as undergoing vast metabolic rewiring upon activation. The immunometabolite succinate particularly gained a lot of attention and emerged as a crucial regulator of macrophage responses and inflammation. Succinate was originally described as a metabolite that supports inflammation via distinct routes. Recently, studies have indicated that succinate and its receptor SUCNR1 can suppress immune responses as well. These apparent contradictory effects might be due to specific experimental settings and particularly the use of distinct succinate forms. We therefore compared the phenotypic and functional effects of distinct succinate forms and receptor mouse models that were previously used for studying succinate immunomodulation. Here, we show that succinate can suppress secretion of inflammatory mediators IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and nitric oxide (NO), as well as inhibit Il1b mRNA expression of inflammatory macrophages in a SUCNR1-independent manner. We also observed that macrophage SUCNR1 deficiency led to an enhanced inflammatory response without addition of exogenous succinate. While our study does not reveal new mechanistic insights into how succinate elicits different inflammatory responses, it does indicate that the inflammatory effects of succinate and its receptor SUCNR1 in macrophages are clearly context dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J. Harber
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Biology, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Kyra E. de Goede
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
| | - Sanne G. S. Verberk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
| | - Elisa Meinster
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
| | - Helga E. de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Menno P. J. de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Biology, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.J.H.); (K.E.d.G.); (S.G.S.V.); (E.M.); (H.E.d.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Xiao MZ, Liu JM, Xian CL, Chen KY, Liu ZQ, Cheng YY. Therapeutic potential of ALKB homologs for cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110645. [PMID: 32942149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of human death. Recently, ALKB homologs, including ALKBH1-8 and FTO, have been found to have a variety of biological functions, such as histone demethylation, RNA demethylation, and DNA demethylation. These functions may regulate the physiological and pathological processes of CVDs, including inflammation, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial, endothelial, and fat metabolism dysfunction. In the present review, we summarize the biological functions of ALKB homologs and the relationship between the ALKB homologs and CVDs. Importantly, we discuss the roles of ALKB homologs in the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, and DNA damage in CVDs, as well as the practical applications of ALKB homologs inhibitors or agonists in treating CVDs. In conclusion, the ALKBH family might be a promising target for CVDs therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Xiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Ming Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Cui-Ling Xian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Keng-Yu Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu, 527300, China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Cheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
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