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An energetics perspective on geroscience: mitochondrial protonmotive force and aging. GeroScience 2021; 43:1591-1604. [PMID: 33864592 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles that provide energy to cells through ATP production. Mitochondrial dysfunction has long been postulated to mediate cellular declines that drive biological aging. Many well-characterized hallmarks of aging may involve underlying energetic defects that stem from loss of mitochondrial function with age. Why and how mitochondrial function declines with age is an open question and one that has been difficult to answer. Mitochondria are powered by an electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane known as the protonmotive force (PMF). This gradient decreases with age in several experimental models. However, it is unclear if a diminished PMF is a cause or a consequence of aging. Herein, we briefly review and define mitochondrial function, we summarize how PMF changes with age in several models, and we highlight recent studies that implicate PMF in aging biology. We also identify barriers that must be addressed for the field to progress. Emerging technology permits more precise in vivo study of mitochondria that will allow better understanding of cause and effect in metabolic models of aging. Once cause and effect can be discerned more precisely, energetics approaches to combat aging may be developed to prevent or reverse functional decline.
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Chai X, Guo J, Dong R, Yang X, Deng C, Wei C, Xu J, Han W, Lu J, Gao C, Gao D, Huang C, Ke A, Li S, Li H, Tian Y, Gu Z, Liu S, Liu H, Chen Q, Liu F, Zhou J, Fan J, Shi G, Wu F, Cai J. Quantitative acetylome analysis reveals histone modifications that may predict prognosis in hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e313. [PMID: 33783990 PMCID: PMC7939233 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine acetylation (Kac) as an important posttranslational modification of histones is essential for the regulation of gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the atlas of whole acetylated proteins in HCC tissues and the difference in protein acetylation between normal human tissues and HCC tissues are unknown. In this report, we characterized the proteome and acetyl proteome (acetylome) profile of normal, paracancerous, and HCC liver tissues in human clinical samples by quantitative proteomics techniques. We identified 6781 acetylation sites of 2582 proteins and quantified 2492 acetylation sites of 1190 proteins in normal, paracancerous, and HCC liver tissues. Among them, 15 proteins were multiacetylated with more than 10 lysine residues. The histone acetyltransferases p300 and CBP were found to be hyperacetylated in hepatitis B virus pathway. Moreover, we found that 250 Kac sites of 214 proteins were upregulated and 662 Kac sites of 451 proteins were downregulated in HCC compared with normal liver tissues. Additionally, the acetylation levels of lysine 120 in histone H2B (H2BK120ac), lysine 18 in histone H3.3 (H3.3K18ac), and lysine 77 in histone H4 (H4K77ac) were increased in HCC. Interestingly, the higher levels of H2BK120ac, H3.3K18ac, and H4K77ac were significantly associated with worse prognosis, such as poorer survival and higher recurrence in an independent clinical cohort of HCC patients. Overall, this study lays a foundation for understanding the functions of acetylation in HCC and provides potential prognostic factors for the diagnosis and therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Chai
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jianfei Guo
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress BiologyCenter for Excellence in Plant Molecular SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Ruizhao Dong
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xuan Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chuanyuan Wei
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - JiaJie Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weiyu Han
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiacheng Lu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dongmei Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Aiwu Ke
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shuangqi Li
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Huanping Li
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yingming Tian
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhongkai Gu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shuxian Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qilong Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Guoming Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Feizhen Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiabin Cai
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of epigenetics of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of Children's HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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53
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Song Q, Chen P, Liu XM. The role of cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis in COPD. Respir Res 2021; 22:39. [PMID: 33546691 PMCID: PMC7866753 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases with high morbidity and mortality. It has become the fifth most burdened and the third most deadly disease in the global economy and increases year by year. The prevention and treatment of COPD are urgent. Smoking is the main and most common risk factor for COPD. Cigarette smoke (CS) contains a large number of toxic substances, can cause a series of changes in the trachea, lung tissue, pulmonary blood vessels, and promotes the occurrence and development of COPD. In recent years, the development of epigenetics and molecular biology have provided new guidance for revealing the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. The latest research indicates that pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis initiates and participates in the pathogenesis of COPD. In this review, we summarize the current research on the epigenetic mechanisms and molecular biology of CS-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis in COPD, providing a new research direction for pathogenesis of COPD and a new target for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiang-Ming Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
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54
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Wei Z, Liu X, Cheng C, Yu W, Yi P. Metabolism of Amino Acids in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:603837. [PMID: 33511116 PMCID: PMC7835483 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.603837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming has been widely recognized as a hallmark of malignancy. The uptake and metabolism of amino acids are aberrantly upregulated in many cancers that display addiction to particular amino acids. Amino acids facilitate the survival and proliferation of cancer cells under genotoxic, oxidative, and nutritional stress. Thus, targeting amino acid metabolism is becoming a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer patients. In this review, we will systematically summarize the recent progress of amino acid metabolism in malignancy and discuss their interconnection with mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, epigenetic modification, tumor growth and immunity, and ferroptosis. Finally, we will highlight the potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wei
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunming Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Comprehensive Cancer Center and College of Medicine at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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55
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Zhang F, Icyuz M, Bartke A, Sun LY. The effects of early-life growth hormone intervention on tissue specific histone H3 modifications in long-lived Ames dwarf mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:1633-1648. [PMID: 33378746 PMCID: PMC7880366 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Histone modifications, specifically in the lysine residues of histone H3, have been implicated in lifespan regulation in several model organisms. Our previous studies showed that growth hormone (GH) treatment during early life can dramatically influence lifespan in long-lived Ames dwarf mice. However, the effects of this hormonal intervention on epigenetic modifications have never been examined. In this study, we sought to compare tissue-specific histone H3 lysine methylation and acetylation markers in Ames dwarf and wild type (WT) mice and to determine how these markers are affected by early-life GH intervention. Ames dwarf mice exhibited suppressed H3K4me in both hepatic and brain tissues, while showing elevated H3K27me in the brain. Early-life GH intervention significantly altered the histone H3 markers in those tissues. Furthermore, early GH intervention increased expression of histone H3 acetylation at multiple lysine residues in a tissue-specific manner. This included changes in H3K14ac and H3K18ac in the liver and brain, H3K18ac in visceral adipose tissue and H3K9ac, H3K14ac and H3K27ac in subcutaneous adipose tissue. This study serves as an initial, but important step in elucidating the epigenetic mechanisms by which hormonal signals during early life can influence aging and longevity in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35254, USA
| | - Mert Icyuz
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35254, USA
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Liou Y. Sun
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35254, USA
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56
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Sikder S, Kaypee S, Kundu TK. Regulation of epigenetic state by non-histone chromatin proteins and transcription factors: Implications in disease. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9974-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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57
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Patra SK. Emerging histone glutamine modifications mediated gene expression in cell differentiation and the VTA reward pathway. Gene 2020; 768:145323. [PMID: 33221535 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression is the key to cellular functions and homeostasis. Histone modifications regulate chromatin dynamics and gene expression. Neuronal cell functions largely depend on fluxes of neurotransmitters for activation of chromatin and gene expression. New studies by Lepack et al. and Farrelly et al. recently demonstrated how tissue transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) mediated histone glutamine modifications, either dopaminylation in the dopaminergic reward pathway or serotonylation in the context of cellular differentiation and signaling regulate gene expression and decipher striking differences from their known functions. This opens new avenues of research in the field of epigenetics in general and neuroepigenetics as special; and to find out the enzymes responsible for the reversible reaction of histone de-dopaminylation and de-serotonylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Kumar Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India.
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58
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Rasha F, Mims BM, Castro-Piedras I, Barnes BJ, Grisham MB, Rahman RL, Pruitt K. The Versatility of Sirtuin-1 in Endocrinology and Immunology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:589016. [PMID: 33330467 PMCID: PMC7717970 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.589016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins belong to the class III family of NAD-dependent histone deacetylases (HDAC) and are involved in diverse physiological processes that range from regulation of metabolism and endocrine function to coordination of immunity and cellular responses to stress. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is the most well-studied family member and has been shown to be critically involved in epigenetics, immunology, and endocrinology. The versatile roles of SIRT1 include regulation of energy sensing metabolic homeostasis, deacetylation of histone and non-histone proteins in numerous tissues, neuro-endocrine regulation via stimulation of hypothalamus-pituitary axes, synthesis and maintenance of reproductive hormones via steroidogenesis, maintenance of innate and adaptive immune system via regulation of T- and B-cell maturation, chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Moreover, SIRT1 is an appealing target in various disease contexts due to the promise of pharmacological and/or natural modulators of SIRT1 activity within the context of endocrine and immune-related disease models. In this review we aim to provide a broad overview on the role of SIRT1 particularly within the context of endocrinology and immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Rasha
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Brianyell McDaniel Mims
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Isabel Castro-Piedras
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Betsy J. Barnes
- Laboratory of Autoimmune and Cancer Research, Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Disease, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Matthew B. Grisham
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | | | - Kevin Pruitt
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
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Tam BT, Murphy J, Khor N, Morais JA, Santosa S. Acetyl-CoA Regulation, OXPHOS Integrity and Leptin Levels Are Different in Females With Childhood vs Adulthood Onset of Obesity. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5893756. [PMID: 32808657 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Although childhood-onset obesity (CO) and adulthood-onset obesity (AO) are known to lead to distinctive clinical manifestations and disease risks, the fundamental differences between them are largely unclear. The aim of the current study is to investigate the fundamental differences between subcutaneous adipose tissue from CO and AO and to identify metabolic differences between abdominal (abSAT) and femoral subcutaneous adipose tissues (feSAT). Total and regional body composition was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography. Levels of acetyl-CoA, NAD+/NADH, acetyl-CoA network genes, mitochondrial complex abundance, H3 acetylation were determined in biopsied abSAT and feSAT. Serum leptin and adiponectin were measured. Our results showed that acetyl-CoA was higher in subcutaneous adipose tissue from subjects with AO compared with CO. Multiple linear regression revealed that ATP citrate lyase was the only main effect affecting the level of acetyl-CoA. Circulating leptin concentrations was higher in AO. The increased level of acetyl-CoA was strongly associated with histone H3 acetylation, LEP expression in adipose tissue, and circulating leptin in AO. NAD+/NADH was higher in CO; however, abundance of mitochondrial complexes, the complex II:complex V ratio, and the complex IV:complex V ratio were lower in CO, reflecting compromised mitochondrial function in subcutaneous adipose tissue from CO. Moreover, we identified differences in the level of acetyl-CoA and NAD+/NADH ratio between abSAT and feSAT, suggesting that these fat depots may possess different metabolic properties. The fundamental difference in the important metabolic intermediate acetyl-CoA between CO and AO may help us better understand the development of obesity and the pathogenesis of different obesity-related diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn T Tam
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Metabolism, Obesity, Nutrition Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jessica Murphy
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Metabolism, Obesity, Nutrition Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natalie Khor
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Metabolism, Obesity, Nutrition Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jose A Morais
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvia Santosa
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Metabolism, Obesity, Nutrition Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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60
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Ramazi S, Allahverdi A, Zahiri J. Evaluation of post-translational modifications in histone proteins: A review on histone modification defects in developmental and neurological disorders. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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61
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Haws SA, Leech CM, Denu JM. Metabolism and the Epigenome: A Dynamic Relationship. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 45:731-747. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Cenni V, Capanni C, Mattioli E, Schena E, Squarzoni S, Bacalini MG, Garagnani P, Salvioli S, Franceschi C, Lattanzi G. Lamin A involvement in ageing processes. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101073. [PMID: 32446955 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lamin A, a main constituent of the nuclear lamina, is the major splicing product of the LMNA gene, which also encodes lamin C, lamin A delta 10 and lamin C2. Involvement of lamin A in the ageing process became clear after the discovery that a group of progeroid syndromes, currently referred to as progeroid laminopathies, are caused by mutations in LMNA gene. Progeroid laminopathies include Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria, Mandibuloacral Dysplasia, Atypical Progeria and atypical-Werner syndrome, disabling and life-threatening diseases with accelerated ageing, bone resorption, lipodystrophy, skin abnormalities and cardiovascular disorders. Defects in lamin A post-translational maturation occur in progeroid syndromes and accumulated prelamin A affects ageing-related processes, such as mTOR signaling, epigenetic modifications, stress response, inflammation, microRNA activation and mechanosignaling. In this review, we briefly describe the role of these pathways in physiological ageing and go in deep into lamin A-dependent mechanisms that accelerate the ageing process. Finally, we propose that lamin A acts as a sensor of cell intrinsic and environmental stress through transient prelamin A accumulation, which triggers stress response mechanisms. Exacerbation of lamin A sensor activity due to stably elevated prelamin A levels contributes to the onset of a permanent stress response condition, which triggers accelerated ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Cenni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge, University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Center Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Changes, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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Kulkarni AS, Gubbi S, Barzilai N. Benefits of Metformin in Attenuating the Hallmarks of Aging. Cell Metab 2020; 32:15-30. [PMID: 32333835 PMCID: PMC7347426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biological aging involves an interplay of conserved and targetable molecular mechanisms, summarized as the hallmarks of aging. Metformin, a biguanide that combats age-related disorders and improves health span, is the first drug to be tested for its age-targeting effects in the large clinical trial-TAME (targeting aging by metformin). This review focuses on metformin's mechanisms in attenuating hallmarks of aging and their interconnectivity, by improving nutrient sensing, enhancing autophagy and intercellular communication, protecting against macromolecular damage, delaying stem cell aging, modulating mitochondrial function, regulating transcription, and lowering telomere attrition and senescence. These characteristics make metformin an attractive gerotherapeutic to translate to human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameya S Kulkarni
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sriram Gubbi
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA.
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64
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Yang M, Zhang Y, Ren J. Acetylation in cardiovascular diseases: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165836. [PMID: 32413386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation belongs to a class of post-translational modification (PTM) processes that epigenetically regulate gene expression and gene transcriptional activity. Reversible histone acetylation on lysine residues governs the interactions between DNA and histones to mediate chromatin remodeling and gene transcription. Non-histone protein acetylation complicates cellular function whereas acetylation of key mitochondrial enzymes regulates bioenergetic metabolism. Acetylation and deacetylation of functional proteins are essential to the delicated homeostatic regulation of embryonic development, postnatal maturation, cardiomyocyte differentiation, cardiac remodeling and onset of various cardiovascular diseases including obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiometabolic diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiac remodeling, hypertension, and arrhythmias. Histone acetyltransferase (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) are essential enzymes mainly responsible for the regulation of lysine acetylation levels, thus providing possible drugable targets for therapeutic interventions in the management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Yang
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 210032, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 210032, China.
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 210032, China.
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Kirfel P, Skaljac M, Grotmann J, Kessel T, Seip M, Michaelis K, Vilcinskas A. Inhibition of histone acetylation and deacetylation enzymes affects longevity, development, and fecundity in the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 103:e21614. [PMID: 31498475 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Histone acetylation is an evolutionarily conserved epigenetic mechanism of eukaryotic gene regulation which is tightly controlled by the opposing activities of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). In insects, life-history traits such as longevity and fecundity are severely affected by the suppression of HAT/HDAC activity, which can be achieved by RNA-mediated gene silencing or the application of chemical inhibitors. We used both experimental approaches to investigate the effect of HAT/HDAC inhibition in the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) a model insect often used to study complex life-history traits. The silencing of HAT genes (kat6b, kat7, and kat14) promoted survival or increased the number of offspring, whereas targeting rpd3 (HDAC) reduced the number of viviparous offspring but increased the number of premature nymphs, suggesting a role in embryogenesis and eclosion. Specific chemical inhibitors of HATs/HDACs showed a remarkably severe impact on life-history traits, reducing survival, delaying development, and limiting the number of offspring. The selective inhibition of HATs and HDACs also had opposing effects on aphid body weight. The suppression of HAT/HDAC activity in aphids by RNA interference or chemical inhibition revealed similarities and differences compared to the reported role of these enzymes in other insects. Our data suggest that gene expression in A. pisum is regulated by multiple HATs/HDACs, as indicated by the fitness costs triggered by inhibitors that suppress several of these enzymes simultaneously. Targeting multiple HATs or HDACs with combined effects on gene regulation could, therefore, be a promising approach to discover novel targets for the management of aphid pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillipp Kirfel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marisa Skaljac
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jens Grotmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Kessel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Seip
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katja Michaelis
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Al-Attar R, Storey KB. Suspended in time: Molecular responses to hibernation also promote longevity. Exp Gerontol 2020; 134:110889. [PMID: 32114078 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging in most animals is an inevitable process that causes or is a result of physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes in the body, and has a strong influence on an organism's lifespan. Although advancement in medicine has allowed humans to live longer, the prevalence of age-associated medical complications is continuously burdening older adults worldwide. Current animal models used in research to study aging have provided novel information that has helped investigators understand the aging process; however, these models are limiting. Aging is a complex process that is regulated at multiple biological levels, and while a single manipulation in these models can provide information on a process, it is not enough to understand the global regulation of aging. Some mammalian hibernators live up to 9.8-times higher than their expected average lifespan, and new research attributes this increase to their ability to hibernate. A common theme amongst these mammalian hibernators is their ability to greatly reduce their metabolic rate to a fraction of their normal rate and initiate cytoprotective responses that enable their survival. Metabolic rate depression is strictly regulated at different biological levels in order to enable the animal to not only survive, but to also do so by relying mainly on their limited internal fuels. As such, understanding both the global and specific regulatory mechanisms used to promote survival during hibernation could, in theory, allow investigators to have a better understanding of the aging process. This can also allow pharmaceutical industries to find therapeutics that could delay or reverse age-associated medical complications and promote healthy aging and longevity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Al-Attar
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
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67
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Zhang W, Qu J, Liu GH, Belmonte JCI. The ageing epigenome and its rejuvenation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:137-150. [PMID: 32020082 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is characterized by the functional decline of tissues and organs and the increased risk of ageing-associated disorders. Several 'rejuvenating' interventions have been proposed to delay ageing and the onset of age-associated decline and disease to extend healthspan and lifespan. These interventions include metabolic manipulation, partial reprogramming, heterochronic parabiosis, pharmaceutical administration and senescent cell ablation. As the ageing process is associated with altered epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation, such as DNA methylation, histone modification and chromatin remodelling, and non-coding RNAs, the manipulation of these mechanisms is central to the effectiveness of age-delaying interventions. This Review discusses the epigenetic changes that occur during ageing and the rapidly increasing knowledge of how these epigenetic mechanisms have an effect on healthspan and lifespan extension, and outlines questions to guide future research on interventions to rejuvenate the epigenome and delay ageing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Zhang
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genomics and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Qu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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68
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Lauterbach MA, Hanke JE, Serefidou M, Mangan MSJ, Kolbe CC, Hess T, Rothe M, Kaiser R, Hoss F, Gehlen J, Engels G, Kreutzenbeck M, Schmidt SV, Christ A, Imhof A, Hiller K, Latz E. Toll-like Receptor Signaling Rewires Macrophage Metabolism and Promotes Histone Acetylation via ATP-Citrate Lyase. Immunity 2020; 51:997-1011.e7. [PMID: 31851905 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation induces inflammatory responses in macrophages by activating temporally defined transcriptional cascades. Whether concurrent changes in the cellular metabolism that occur upon TLR activation influence the quality of the transcriptional responses remains unknown. Here, we investigated how macrophages adopt their metabolism early after activation to regulate TLR-inducible gene induction. Shortly after TLR4 activation, macrophages increased glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle volume. Metabolic tracing studies revealed that TLR signaling redirected metabolic fluxes to generate acetyl-Coenzyme A (CoA) from glucose resulting in augmented histone acetylation. Signaling through the adaptor proteins MyD88 and TRIF resulted in activation of ATP-citrate lyase, which in turn facilitated the induction of distinct LPS-inducible gene sets. We postulate that metabolic licensing of histone acetylation provides another layer of control that serves to fine-tune transcriptional responses downstream of TLR activation. Our work highlights the potential of targeting the metabolic-epigenetic axis in inflammatory settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Lauterbach
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jasmin E Hanke
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Magdalini Serefidou
- Institute for Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstr. 9, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Matthew S J Mangan
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Carl-Christian Kolbe
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Timo Hess
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rothe
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Romina Kaiser
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian Hoss
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Gehlen
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gudrun Engels
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maike Kreutzenbeck
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne V Schmidt
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anette Christ
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, UMass Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Axel Imhof
- Institute for Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstr. 9, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Protein Analysis Unit, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstr. 9, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany; Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, UMass Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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69
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Bux EM, Solis-Mezarino V, Kuhm C, Northoff BH, Karin I, Klopstock T, Holdt LM, Völker-Albert M, Imhof A, Peleg S. Determining histone H4 acetylation patterns in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells using mass spectrometry. CLINICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinms.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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70
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Müthel S, Uyar B, He M, Krause A, Vitrinel B, Bulut S, Vasiljevic D, Marchal I, Kempa S, Akalin A, Tursun B. The conserved histone chaperone LIN-53 is required for normal lifespan and maintenance of muscle integrity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e13012. [PMID: 31397537 PMCID: PMC6826145 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether extension of lifespan provides an extended time without health deteriorations is an important issue for human aging. However, to which degree lifespan and aspects of healthspan regulation might be linked is not well understood. Chromatin factors could be involved in linking both aging aspects, as epigenetic mechanisms bridge regulation of different biological processes. The epigenetic factor LIN‐53 (RBBP4/7) associates with different chromatin‐regulating complexes to safeguard cell identities in Caenorhabditis elegans as well as mammals, and has a role in preventing memory loss and premature aging in humans. We show that LIN‐53 interacts with the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex in C. elegans muscles to ensure functional muscles during postembryonic development and in adults. While mutants for other NuRD members show a normal lifespan, animals lacking LIN‐53 die early because LIN‐53 depletion affects also the histone deacetylase complex Sin3, which is required for a normal lifespan. To determine why lin‐53 and sin‐3 mutants die early, we performed transcriptome and metabolomic analysis revealing that levels of the disaccharide trehalose are significantly decreased in both mutants. As trehalose is required for normal lifespan in C. elegans, lin‐53 and sin‐3 mutants could be rescued by either feeding with trehalose or increasing trehalose levels via the insulin/IGF1 signaling pathway. Overall, our findings suggest that LIN‐53 is required for maintaining lifespan and muscle integrity through discrete chromatin regulatory mechanisms. Since both LIN‐53 and its mammalian homologs safeguard cell identities, it is conceivable that its implication in lifespan regulation is also evolutionarily conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Müthel
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology Berlin Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Bora Uyar
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology Berlin Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Mei He
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology Berlin Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Anne Krause
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology Berlin Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Burcu Vitrinel
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology Berlin Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Selman Bulut
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology Berlin Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Djordje Vasiljevic
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Iris Marchal
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology Berlin Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Stefan Kempa
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology Berlin Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Altuna Akalin
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology Berlin Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Baris Tursun
- Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology Berlin Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
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71
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de Diego I, Müller-Eigner A, Peleg S. The Brain Epigenome Goes Drunk: Alcohol Consumption Alters Histone Acetylation and Transcriptome. Trends Biochem Sci 2019; 45:93-95. [PMID: 31767183 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that alcohol consumption can induce epigenetic changes in the brain, although the exact mechanism underlying such changes remained unclear. Now, a report by Mews et al. shows a direct link between alcohol consumption and histone acetylation changes in the brain, which are mediated by the neuronal acetyl-CoA synthase, ACSS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene de Diego
- Epigenetics, Metabolism, and Longevity, Independent Research Group, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Annika Müller-Eigner
- Epigenetics, Metabolism, and Longevity, Independent Research Group, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Shahaf Peleg
- Epigenetics, Metabolism, and Longevity, Independent Research Group, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany; Laboratory for Metabolism and Epigenetics in Brain Aging, Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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72
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Quantitating the epigenetic transformation contributing to cholesterol homeostasis using Gaussian process. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5052. [PMID: 31699992 PMCID: PMC6838179 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12969-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the impact of epigenetics on human misfolding disease, we apply Gaussian-process regression (GPR) based machine learning (ML) (GPR-ML) through variation spatial profiling (VSP). VSP generates population-based matrices describing the spatial covariance (SCV) relationships that link genetic diversity to fitness of the individual in response to histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACi). Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) is a Mendelian disorder caused by >300 variants in the NPC1 gene that disrupt cholesterol homeostasis leading to the rapid onset and progression of neurodegenerative disease. We determine the sequence-to-function-to-structure relationships of the NPC1 polypeptide fold required for membrane trafficking and generation of a tunnel that mediates cholesterol flux in late endosomal/lysosomal (LE/Ly) compartments. HDACi treatment reveals unanticipated epigenomic plasticity in SCV relationships that restore NPC1 functionality. GPR-ML based matrices capture the epigenetic processes impacting information flow through central dogma, providing a framework for quantifying the effect of the environment on the healthspan of the individual. How epigenetics coordinate with genetics to impact protein fitness is unknown. Here, using a Variation Spatial Profiling strategy and machine learning, the authors map HDAC impact on a full set of Niemann pick C1 disease variants to quantitate an unanticipated plasticity in central dogma.
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73
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Tezil T, Chamoli M, Ng CP, Simon RP, Butler VJ, Jung M, Andersen J, Kao AW, Verdin E. Lifespan-increasing drug nordihydroguaiaretic acid inhibits p300 and activates autophagy. NPJ Aging Mech Dis 2019; 5:7. [PMID: 31602311 PMCID: PMC6775102 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-019-0037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the progressive loss of physiological function in all organisms. Remarkably, the aging process can be modulated by environmental modifications, including diet and small molecules. The natural compound nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) robustly increases lifespan in flies and mice, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we report that NDGA is an inhibitor of the epigenetic regulator p300. We find that NDGA inhibits p300 acetyltransferase activity in vitro and suppresses acetylation of a key p300 target in histones (i.e., H3K27) in cells. We use the cellular thermal shift assay to uniquely demonstrate NDGA binding to p300 in cells. Finally, in agreement with recent findings indicating that p300 is a potent blocker of autophagy, we show that NDGA treatment induces autophagy. These findings identify p300 as a target of NDGA and provide mechanistic insight into its role in longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugsan Tezil
- 1Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945-1400 USA
| | - Manish Chamoli
- 1Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945-1400 USA
| | - Che-Ping Ng
- 1Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945-1400 USA
| | - Roman P Simon
- 2Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 25, Freiburg, 79104 Germany
| | - Victoria J Butler
- 3Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Manfred Jung
- 2Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 25, Freiburg, 79104 Germany
| | - Julie Andersen
- 1Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945-1400 USA
| | - Aimee W Kao
- 3Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Eric Verdin
- 1Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945-1400 USA
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74
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The NSL complex maintains nuclear architecture stability via lamin A/C acetylation. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:1248-1260. [PMID: 31576060 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0397-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
While nuclear lamina abnormalities are hallmarks of human diseases, their interplay with epigenetic regulators and precise epigenetic landscape remain poorly understood. Here, we show that loss of the lysine acetyltransferase MOF or its associated NSL-complex members KANSL2 or KANSL3 leads to a stochastic accumulation of nuclear abnormalities with genomic instability patterns including chromothripsis. SILAC-based MOF and KANSL2 acetylomes identified lamin A/C as an acetylation target of MOF. HDAC inhibition or acetylation-mimicking lamin A derivatives rescue nuclear abnormalities observed in MOF-deficient cells. Mechanistically, loss of lamin A/C acetylation resulted in its increased solubility, defective phosphorylation dynamics and impaired nuclear mechanostability. We found that nuclear abnormalities include EZH2-dependent histone H3 Lys 27 trimethylation and loss of nascent transcription. We term this altered epigenetic landscape "heterochromatin enrichment in nuclear abnormalities" (HENA). Collectively, the NSL-complex-dependent lamin A/C acetylation provides a mechanism that maintains nuclear architecture and genome integrity.
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75
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The Epigenetics of Aging in Invertebrates. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184535. [PMID: 31540238 PMCID: PMC6769462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is an unstoppable process coupled to the loss of physiological function and increased susceptibility to diseases. Epigenetic alteration is one of the hallmarks of aging, which involves changes in DNA methylation patterns, post-translational modification of histones, chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNA interference. Invertebrate model organisms, such as Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, have been used to investigate the biological mechanisms of aging because they show, evolutionarily, the conservation of many aspects of aging. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the epigenetic changes of aging with invertebrate models, providing insight into the relationship between epigenetic dynamics and aging.
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Abstract
Aging is a natural process of organismal decay that underpins the development of myriad diseases and disorders. Extensive efforts have been made to understand the biology of aging and its regulation, but most studies focus solely on the host organism. Considering the pivotal role of the microbiota in host health and metabolism, we propose viewing the host and its microbiota as a single biological entity whose aging phenotype is influenced by the complex interplay between host and bacterial genetics. In this review we present how the microbiota changes as the host ages, but also how the intricate relationship between host and indigenous bacteria impacts organismal aging and life span. In addition, we highlight other microbiota-dependent mechanisms that potentially regulate aging, and present experimental animal models for addressing these questions. Importantly, we propose microbiome dysbiosis as an additional hallmark and biomarker of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bana
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, University of London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Filipe Cabreiro
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; .,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
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77
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Abstract
Cardiac ageing manifests as a decline in function leading to heart failure. At the cellular level, ageing entails decreased replicative capacity and dysregulation of cellular processes in myocardial and nonmyocyte cells. Various extrinsic parameters, such as lifestyle and environment, integrate important signalling pathways, such as those involving inflammation and oxidative stress, with intrinsic molecular mechanisms underlying resistance versus progression to cellular senescence. Mitigation of cardiac functional decline in an ageing organism requires the activation of enhanced maintenance and reparative capacity, thereby overcoming inherent endogenous limitations to retaining a youthful phenotype. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying dysregulation of cellular function and renewal reveals potential interventional targets to attenuate degenerative processes at the cellular and systemic levels to improve quality of life for our ageing population. In this Review, we discuss the roles of extrinsic and intrinsic factors in cardiac ageing. Animal models of cardiac ageing are summarized, followed by an overview of the current and possible future treatments to mitigate the deleterious effects of cardiac ageing.
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78
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de Diego I, Peleg S, Fuchs B. The role of lipids in aging-related metabolic changes. Chem Phys Lipids 2019; 222:59-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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79
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McIntyre RL, Daniels EG, Molenaars M, Houtkooper RH, Janssens GE. From molecular promise to preclinical results: HDAC inhibitors in the race for healthy aging drugs. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e9854. [PMID: 31368626 PMCID: PMC6728603 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversing or slowing the aging process brings great promise to treat or prevent age‐related disease, and targeting the hallmarks of aging is a strategy to achieve this. Epigenetics affects several if not all of the hallmarks of aging and has therefore emerged as a central target for intervention. One component of epigenetic regulation involves histone deacetylases (HDAC), which include the “classical” histone deacetylases (of class I, II, and IV) and sirtuin deacetylases (of class III). While targeting sirtuins for healthy aging has been extensively reviewed elsewhere, this review focuses on pharmacologically inhibiting the classical HDACs to promote health and longevity. We describe the theories of how classical HDAC inhibitors may operate to increase lifespan, supported by studies in model organisms. Furthermore, we explore potential mechanisms of how HDAC inhibitors may have such a strong grasp on health and longevity, summarizing their links to other hallmarks of aging. Finally, we show the wide range of age‐related preclinical disease models, ranging from neurodegeneration to heart disease, diabetes to sarcopenia, which show improvement upon HDAC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L McIntyre
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eileen G Daniels
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marte Molenaars
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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80
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Miro-Blanch J, Yanes O. Epigenetic Regulation at the Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolism. Front Genet 2019; 10:638. [PMID: 31338107 PMCID: PMC6628876 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota communities have coevolved for millions of years in a symbiotic relationship with their mammalian hosts. Elucidating and understanding the molecular mechanisms by which microbiota interacts with its host and how this contributes to the homeostasis of the host is crucial. One of these molecular relationships is the so-called chemical crosstalk between microbiota and host metabolisms, including the poorly explored epigenetic regulation of host tissues by the metabolic activity of gut microbiota in response to changes in diet. DNA methylation and histone modifications are epigenetic marks partly regulated by enzymes such as methylases and acetylases, whose activity depend on host and microbiota metabolites that act as substrates and cofactors for these reactions. However, providing a complete mechanistic description of the regulatory interactions between both metabolisms and the impact on the expression of host genes through an epigenetic modulation, remains elusive. This article presents our perspective on how metabolomic, metagenomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic data can be used to investigate the “microbiota–nutrient metabolism–epigenetics axis.” We also discuss the implications and opportunities this knowledge may have for basic and applied science, such as the impact on the way we structure future research, understand, and prevent diseases like type 2 diabetes or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Miro-Blanch
- Metabolomics Platform, IISPV, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Metabolomics Platform, IISPV, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
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81
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Exercise Modalities Improve Aversive Memory and Survival Rate in Aged Rats: Role of Hippocampal Epigenetic Modifications. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8408-8419. [PMID: 31250382 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effects of aging and different exercise modalities on aversive memory and epigenetic landscapes at brain-derived neurotrophic factor, cFos, and DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (Bdnf, cFos, and Dnmt3a, respectively) gene promoters in hippocampus of rats. Specifically, active epigenetic histone markers (H3K9ac, H3K4me3, and H4K8ac) and a repressive mark (H3K9me2) were evaluated. Adult and aged male Wistar rats (2 and 22 months old) were subjected to aerobic, acrobatic, resistance, or combined exercise modalities for 20 min, 3 times a week, during 12 weeks. Aging per se altered histone modifications at the promoters of Bdnf, cFos, and Dnmt3a. All exercise modalities improved both survival rate and aversive memory performance in aged animals (n = 7-10). Exercise altered hippocampal epigenetic marks in an age- and modality-dependent manner (n = 4-5). Aerobic and resistance modalities attenuated age-induced effects on hippocampal Bdnf promoter H3K4me3. Besides, exercise modalities which improved memory performance in aged rats were able to modify H3K9ac or H3K4me3 at the cFos promoter, which could increase gene transcription. Our results highlight biological mechanisms which support the efficacy of all tested exercise modalities attenuating memory deficits induced by aging.
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82
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Sidoli S, Trefely S, Garcia BA, Carrer A. Integrated Analysis of Acetyl-CoA and Histone Modification via Mass Spectrometry to Investigate Metabolically Driven Acetylation. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1928:125-147. [PMID: 30725455 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9027-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation is a highly abundant and dynamic post-translational modification (PTM) on histone proteins which, when present on chromatin-bound histones, facilitates the accessibility of DNA for gene transcription. The central metabolite, acetyl-CoA, is a substrate for acetyltransferases, which catalyze protein acetylation. Acetyl-CoA is an essential intermediate in diverse metabolic pathways, and cellular acetyl-CoA levels fluctuate according to extracellular nutrient availability and the metabolic state of the cell. The Michaelis constant (Km) of most histone acetyltransferases (HATs), which specifically target histone proteins, falls within the range of cellular acetyl-CoA concentrations. As a consequence, global levels of histone acetylation are often restricted by availability of acetyl-CoA. Such metabolic regulation of histone acetylation is important for cell proliferation, differentiation, and a variety of cellular functions. In cancer, numerous oncogenic signaling events hijack cellular metabolism, ultimately inducing an extensive rearrangement of the epigenetic state of the cell. Understanding metabolic control of the epigenome through histone acetylation is essential to illuminate the molecular mechanisms by which cells sense, adapt, and occasionally disengage nutrient fluctuations and environmental cues from gene expression. In particular, targeting metabolic regulators or even dietary interventions to impact acetyl-CoA availability and histone acetylation is a promising target in cancer therapy. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is the most accurate methodology to quantify protein PTMs and metabolites. In this chapter, we present state-of-the-art protocols to analyze histone acetylation and acetyl-CoA. Histones are extracted and digested into short peptides (4-20 aa) prior to LC-MS. Acetyl-CoA is extracted from cells and analyzed using an analogous mass spectrometry-based procedure. Model systems can be fed with isotopically labeled substrates to investigate the metabolic preference for acetyl-CoA production and the metabolic dependence and turnover of histone acetylation. We also present an example of data integration to correlate changes in acetyl-CoA production with histone acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sophie Trefely
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,A. J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alessandro Carrer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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83
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Hamilton S, Terentyev D. Altered Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis and Arrhythmogenesis in the Aged Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102386. [PMID: 31091723 PMCID: PMC6566636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging of the heart is associated with a blunted response to sympathetic stimulation, reduced contractility, and increased propensity for arrhythmias, with the risk of sudden cardiac death significantly increased in the elderly population. The altered cardiac structural and functional phenotype, as well as age-associated prevalent comorbidities including hypertension and atherosclerosis, predispose the heart to atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. At the cellular level, perturbations in mitochondrial function, excitation-contraction coupling, and calcium homeostasis contribute to this electrical and contractile dysfunction. Major determinants of cardiac contractility are the intracellular release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum by the ryanodine receptors (RyR2), and the following sequestration of Ca2+ by the sarco/endoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase (SERCa2a). Activity of RyR2 and SERCa2a in myocytes is not only dependent on expression levels and interacting accessory proteins, but on fine-tuned regulation via post-translational modifications. In this paper, we review how aberrant changes in intracellular Ca2+ cycling via these proteins contributes to arrhythmogenesis in the aged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna Hamilton
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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84
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Birnbaum A, Wu X, Tatar M, Liu N, Bai H. Age-Dependent Changes in Transcription Factor FOXO Targeting in Female Drosophila. Front Genet 2019; 10:312. [PMID: 31134124 PMCID: PMC6514159 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXO transcription factors have long been associated with longevity control and tissue homeostasis. Although the transcriptional regulation of FOXO have been previously characterized (especially in long-lived insulin mutants and under stress conditions), how normal aging impacts the transcriptional activity of FOXO is poorly understood. Here, we conducted a chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) analysis in both young (2-week-old) and aged (5-week-old) wild-type female fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, to evaluate the dynamics of FOXO gene targeting during aging. Intriguingly, the number of FOXO-bound genes dramatically decreases with age (from 2617 to 224). Consistent to the reduction of FOXO binding activity, many genes targeted by FOXO in young flies are transcriptionally altered with age, either up-regulated (FOXO-repressing genes) or down-regulated (FOXO-activating genes) in adult head tissue. In addition, we show that many FOXO-bound genes in wild-type flies are unique from those in insulin receptor substrate chico mutants. Distinct from chico mutants, FOXO targets specific cellular processes (e.g., actin cytoskeleton) and signaling pathways (e.g., Hippo, MAPK) in young wild-type female flies. FOXO targeting on these pathways decreases with age. Interestingly, FOXO targets in aged flies are enriched in cellular processes like chromatin organization and nucleosome assembly. Furthermore, FOXO binding to core histone genes is well maintained at aged flies. Together, our findings provide new insights into dynamic FOXO targeting under normal aging and highlight the diverse and understudied regulatory mechanisms for FOXO transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Birnbaum
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Xiaofen Wu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Marc Tatar
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Nan Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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85
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Harman MF, Martín MG. Epigenetic mechanisms related to cognitive decline during aging. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:234-246. [PMID: 31045277 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive decline is a hallmark of the aging nervous system, characterized by increasing memory loss and a deterioration of mental capacity, which in turn creates a favorable context for the development of neurodegenerative diseases. One of the most detrimental alterations that occur at the molecular level in the brain during aging is the modification of the epigenetic mechanisms that control gene expression. As a result of these epigenetic-driven changes in the transcriptome most of the functions of the brain including synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory decline with aging. The epigenetic mechanisms altered during aging include DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome remodeling, and microRNA-mediated gene regulation. In this review, we examine the current evidence concerning the changes of epigenetic modifications together with the molecular mechanisms underlying impaired neuronal gene transcription during aging. Herein, we discuss the alterations of DNA methylation pattern that occur in old neurons. We will also describe the most prominent age-related histone posttranslational modifications in the brain since changes in acetylation and methylation of specific lysine residues on H3 and H4 are associated to functional decline in the old. In addition, we discuss the role that changes in the levels of certain miRNAs would play in cognitive decline with aging. Finally, we provide an overview about the mechanisms either extrinsic or intrinsic that would trigger epigenetic changes in the aging brain, and the consequences of these changes, i.e., altered transcriptional profile and reactivation of transposable elements in old brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Harman
- Instituto Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mauricio G Martín
- Instituto Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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86
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Kao ACC, Chan KW, Anthony DC, Lennox BR, Burnet PWJ. Prebiotic reduction of brain histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and olanzapine-mediated weight gain in rats, are acetate independent. Neuropharmacology 2019; 150:184-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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87
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Ahuja G, Bartsch D, Yao W, Geissen S, Frank S, Aguirre A, Russ N, Messling JE, Dodzian J, Lagerborg KA, Vargas NE, Muck JS, Brodesser S, Baldus S, Sachinidis A, Hescheler J, Dieterich C, Trifunovic A, Papantonis A, Petrascheck M, Klinke A, Jain M, Valenzano DR, Kurian L. Loss of genomic integrity induced by lysosphingolipid imbalance drives ageing in the heart. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:embr.201847407. [PMID: 30886000 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201847407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunctions dramatically increase with age. Revealing a currently unknown contributor to cardiac ageing, we report the age-dependent, cardiac-specific accumulation of the lysosphingolipid sphinganine (dihydrosphingosine, DHS) as an evolutionarily conserved hallmark of the aged vertebrate heart. Mechanistically, the DHS-derivative sphinganine-1-phosphate (DHS1P) directly inhibits HDAC1, causing an aberrant elevation in histone acetylation and transcription levels, leading to DNA damage. Accordingly, the pharmacological interventions, preventing (i) the accumulation of DHS1P using SPHK2 inhibitors, (ii) the aberrant increase in histone acetylation using histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitors, (iii) the DHS1P-dependent increase in transcription using an RNA polymerase II inhibitor, block DHS-induced DNA damage in human cardiomyocytes. Importantly, an increase in DHS levels in the hearts of healthy young adult mice leads to an impairment in cardiac functionality indicated by a significant reduction in left ventricular fractional shortening and ejection fraction, mimicking the functional deterioration of aged hearts. These molecular and functional defects can be partially prevented in vivo using HAT inhibitors. Together, we report an evolutionarily conserved mechanism by which increased DHS levels drive the decline in cardiac health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Ahuja
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Deniz Bartsch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wenjie Yao
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Geissen
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Frank
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Departments of Medicine & Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Russ
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan-Erik Messling
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joanna Dodzian
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kim A Lagerborg
- Departments of Medicine & Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Emilse Vargas
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joscha Sergej Muck
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne Brodesser
- CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Juergen Hescheler
- Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg & German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Anna Klinke
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mohit Jain
- Departments of Medicine & Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dario Riccardo Valenzano
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany .,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Leo Kurian
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany .,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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88
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Sen P, Lan Y, Li CY, Sidoli S, Donahue G, Dou Z, Frederick B, Chen Q, Luense LJ, Garcia BA, Dang W, Johnson FB, Adams PD, Schultz DC, Berger SL. Histone Acetyltransferase p300 Induces De Novo Super-Enhancers to Drive Cellular Senescence. Mol Cell 2019; 73:684-698.e8. [PMID: 30773298 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of senescent cells during aging contributes to chronic inflammation and age-related diseases. While senescence is associated with profound alterations of the epigenome, a systematic view of epigenetic factors in regulating senescence is lacking. Here, we curated a library of short hairpin RNAs for targeted silencing of all known epigenetic proteins and performed a high-throughput screen to identify key candidates whose downregulation can delay replicative senescence of primary human cells. This screen identified multiple new players including the histone acetyltransferase p300 that was found to be a primary driver of the senescent phenotype. p300, but not the paralogous CBP, induces a dynamic hyper-acetylated chromatin state and promotes the formation of active enhancer elements in the non-coding genome, leading to a senescence-specific gene expression program. Our work illustrates a causal role of histone acetyltransferases and acetylation in senescence and suggests p300 as a potential therapeutic target for senescence and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payel Sen
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yemin Lan
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Catherine Y Li
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Greg Donahue
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhixun Dou
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brian Frederick
- High Throughput Screening Core, Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Qijun Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lacey J Luense
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Weiwei Dang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - F Bradley Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - David C Schultz
- High Throughput Screening Core, Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shelley L Berger
- Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Monroy Kuhn JM, Meusemann K, Korb J. Long live the queen, the king and the commoner? Transcript expression differences between old and young in the termite Cryptotermes secundus. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210371. [PMID: 30759161 PMCID: PMC6373952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Social insects provide promising new avenues for aging research. Within a colony, individuals that share the same genetic background can differ in lifespan by up to two orders of magnitude. Reproducing queens (and in termites also kings) can live for more than 20 years, extraordinary lifespans for insects. We studied aging in a termite species, Cryptotermes secundus, which lives in less socially complex societies with a few hundred colony members. Reproductives develop from workers which are totipotent immatures. Comparing transcriptomes of young and old individuals, we found evidence for aging in reproductives that was especially associated with DNA and protein damage and the activity of transposable elements. By contrast, workers seemed to be better protected against aging. Thus our results differed from those obtained for social insects that live in more complex societies. Yet, they are in agreement with lifespan estimates for the study species. Our data are also in line with expectations from evolutionary theory. For individuals that are able to reproduce, it predicts that aging should only start after reaching maturity. As C. secundus workers are immatures with full reproductive options we expect them to invest into anti-aging processes. Our study illustrates that the degree of aging can differ between social insects and that it may be associated with caste-specific opportunities for reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Monroy Kuhn
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (JMMK); (JK)
| | - Karen Meusemann
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Judith Korb
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (JMMK); (JK)
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90
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Huang K, Chen W, Zhu F, Li PWL, Kapahi P, Bai H. RiboTag translatomic profiling of Drosophila oenocytes under aging and induced oxidative stress. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:50. [PMID: 30651069 PMCID: PMC6335716 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5404-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is accompanied with loss of tissue homeostasis and accumulation of cellular damages. As one of the important metabolic centers, liver shows age-related dysregulation of lipid metabolism, impaired detoxification pathway, increased inflammation and oxidative stress response. However, the mechanisms for these age-related changes still remain unclear. In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, liver-like functions are controlled by two distinct tissues, fat body and oenocytes. Compared to fat body, little is known about how oenocytes age and what are their roles in aging regulation. To characterize age- and stress-regulated gene expression in oenocytes, we performed cell-type-specific ribosome profiling (RiboTag) to examine the impacts of aging and oxidative stress on oenocyte translatome in Drosophila. RESULTS We show that aging and oxidant paraquat significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adult oenocytes of Drosophila, and aged oenocytes exhibited reduced sensitivity to paraquat treatment. Through RiboTag sequencing, we identified 3324 and 949 differentially expressed genes in oenocytes under aging and paraquat treatment, respectively. Aging and paraquat exhibit both shared and distinct regulations on oenocyte translatome. Among all age-regulated genes, oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, proteasome, fatty acid metabolism, and cytochrome P450 pathways were down-regulated, whereas DNA replication and immune response pathways were up-regulated. In addition, most of the peroxisomal genes were down-regulated in aged oenocytes, including genes involved in peroxisomal biogenesis factors and fatty acid beta-oxidation. Many age-related mRNA translational changes in oenocytes are similar to aged mammalian liver, such as up-regulation of innate immune response and Ras/MAPK signaling pathway and down-regulation of peroxisome and fatty acid metabolism. Furthermore, oenocytes highly expressed genes involving in liver-like processes (e.g., ketogenesis). CONCLUSIONS Our oenocyte-specific translatome analysis identified many genes and pathways that are shared between Drosophila oenocytes and mammalian liver, highlighting the molecular and functional similarities between the two tissues. Many of these genes were altered in both oenocytes and liver during aging. Thus, our translatome analysis provide important genomic resource for future dissection of oenocyte function and its role in lipid metabolism, stress response and aging regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerui Huang
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Wenhao Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Fang Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | | | - Pankaj Kapahi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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91
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Park HJ, Kim MM. Amentoflavone Induces Autophagy and Modulates p53. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 21:27-34. [PMID: 30507085 PMCID: PMC6275431 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective Amentoflavone is the main component of Selaginella tamariscina widely known as an oriental traditional
medicinal stuff that has been known to have a variety of medicinal effects such as the induction of apoptosis, anti-
metastasis, and anti-inflammation. However, the effect of amentoflavone on autophagy has not been reported until now.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether amentoflavone has a positive effect on the induction of autophagy
related to cell aging.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, the aging of young cells was induced by the treatment with insulin-
like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) at 50 ng/mL three times every two days. The effect of amentoflavone on the cell viability
was evaluated in A549 and WI-38 cells using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The
induction of autophagy was detected using autophagy detection kit. The expression of proteins related to autophagy
and IGF-1 signaling pathway was examined by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay.
Results First of all, it was found that amentoflavone induces the formation of autophagosome. In addition, it enhanced
the expression level of Atg7 and increased the expression levels of Beclin1, Atg3, and LC3 associated with the induction
of autophagy in immunofluorescence staining and western blot analyses. Moreover, amentoflavone inhibited the cell
aging induced by IGF-1 and hydrogen peroxide. In particular, the levels of p53 and p-p21 proteins were increased in the
presence of amentoflavone. Furthermore, amentoflavone increased the level of SIRT1 deacetylating p53.
Conclusion Our results suggest that amentoflavone could play a positive role in the inhibition of various diseases
associated with autophagy and the modulation of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Moo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea. Electronic Address:
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92
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Cobos SN, Bennett SA, Torrente MP. The impact of histone post-translational modifications in neurodegenerative diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:1982-1991. [PMID: 30352259 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Every year, neurodegenerative disorders take more than 5000 lives in the US alone. Cures have not yet been found for many of the multitude of neuropathies. The majority of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) cases have no known genetic basis. Thus, it is evident that contemporary genetic approaches have failed to explain the etiology or etiologies of ALS/FTD and PD. Recent investigations have explored the potential role of epigenetic mechanisms in disease development. Epigenetics comprises heritable changes in gene utilization that are not derived from changes in the genome. A main epigenetic mechanism involves the post-translational modification of histones. Increased knowledge of the epigenomic landscape of neurodegenerative diseases would not only further our understanding of the disease pathologies, but also lead to the development of treatments able to halt their progress. Here, we review recent advances on the association of histone post-translational modifications with ALS, FTD, PD and several ataxias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha N Cobos
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States; Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Seth A Bennett
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States; Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Mariana P Torrente
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States; Ph.D. Programs in Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Biology, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York 10016, United States.
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93
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Ganguly S, Seth S. A translational perspective on histone acetylation modulators in psychiatric disorders. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:1867-1873. [PMID: 29915963 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4947-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A large volume of research now provides evidence correlating aberrant histone deacetylase (HDAC) activities and hypoacetylation of histones to disruptions in synaptic plasticity, neuronal survival/regeneration, memory formation and consolidation. Hence, maintaining the acetyl-histone homeostasis as a component of neuronal mechanisms by targeting HDACs has emerged as an exciting intervention strategy for several neuropsychiatric disorders. Though extensive preclinical animal studies have elevated the translational potential of HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) in psychiatric disorders, so far, the translational gain remains low. This is perhaps attributed to the anticipated specificity issues and off-target effects which might negate the risk-reward advantage over the approved antipsychotics in use. So, to harness the therapeutic potential of HDACis in psychiatric disorders, a combination therapeutic strategy involving co-administration of an approved HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) along with a marketed antipsychotic drug has emerged in parallel. This takes advantage of the ability of HDACi, like SAHA, to reverse the potentially detrimental hypoacetylated state of chromatin and facilitate to augment the efficacy of atypical antipsychotics like clozapine. Apart from these efforts, as an alternative therapeutic strategy, highly tolerable oral metabolic acetate supplements with an ability to reverse the hypoacetylation states of histone were initiated in animal models. Exogenous acetate carrier enriches the cellular acetyl-CoA pool restoring acetyl-histone homeostasis, reminiscent of HDACi effect, without the associated toxicity. Though the path towards therapeutic intervention in psychiatric disorders using histone acetylation modulators is riddled with challenges, the growing number of tool compounds along with innovative research strategies, however, bodes well for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Ganguly
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Drug Discovery, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Jamia Hamdard-Institute of Molecular Medicine (JH-IMM), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Subhendu Seth
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Drug Discovery, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Jamia Hamdard-Institute of Molecular Medicine (JH-IMM), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
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Maity J, Das B, Bohr VA, Karmakar P. Acidic domain of WRNp is critical for autophagy and up-regulates age associated proteins. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 68:1-11. [PMID: 29800817 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Impaired autophagy may be associated with normal and pathological aging. Here we explore a link between autophagy and domain function of Werner protein (WRNp). Werner (WRN) mutant cell lines AG11395, AG05229 and normal aged fibroblast AG13129 display a deficient response to tunicamycin mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced autophagy compared to clinically unaffected GM00637 and normal young fibroblast GM03440. Cellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress mediated autophagy in WS and normal aged cells is restored after transfection with wild type full length WRN, but deletion of the acidic domain from wild type WRN fails to restore autophagy. The acidic domain of WRNp was shown to regulate its transcriptional activity, and here, we show that it affects the transcription of certain proteins involved in autophagy and aging. Furthermore, siRNA mediated silencing of WRN in normal fibroblast WI-38 resulted in decrease of age related proteins Lamin A/C and Mre11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotirindra Maity
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Biswadip Das
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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Abstract
Epigenetic deregulation, such as the reduction of histone acetylation levels, is thought to be causally linked to various maladies associated with aging. Consequently, histone deacetylase inhibitors are suggested to serve as epigenetic therapy by increasing histone acetylation. However, previous work suggests that many non-histone proteins, including metabolic enzymes, are also acetylated and that post transitional modifications may impact their activity. Furthermore, deacetylase inhibitors were recently shown to impact the acetylation of a variety of proteins. By utilizing a novel technique to measure oxygen consumption rate from whole living tissue, we demonstrate that treatment of whole living fly heads by the HDAC/KDAC inhibitors sodium butyrate and Trichostatin A, induces a rapid and transient increase of oxygen consumption rate. In addition, our study indicates that the rate increase is markedly attenuated in midlife fly head tissue. Overall, our data suggest that HDAC/KDAC inhibitors may induce enhanced mitochondrial activity in a rapid manner. This observed metabolic boost provides further, but novel evidence, that treating various maladies with deacetylase inhibitors may be beneficial.
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96
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Folguera-Blasco N, Cuyàs E, Menéndez JA, Alarcón T. Epigenetic regulation of cell fate reprogramming in aging and disease: A predictive computational model. PLoS Comput Biol 2018; 14:e1006052. [PMID: 29543808 PMCID: PMC5871006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the control of epigenetic regulation is key to explain and modify the aging process. Because histone-modifying enzymes are sensitive to shifts in availability of cofactors (e.g. metabolites), cellular epigenetic states may be tied to changing conditions associated with cofactor variability. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationships between cofactor fluctuations, epigenetic landscapes, and cell state transitions. Using Approximate Bayesian Computation, we generate an ensemble of epigenetic regulation (ER) systems whose heterogeneity reflects variability in cofactor pools used by histone modifiers. The heterogeneity of epigenetic metabolites, which operates as regulator of the kinetic parameters promoting/preventing histone modifications, stochastically drives phenotypic variability. The ensemble of ER configurations reveals the occurrence of distinct epi-states within the ensemble. Whereas resilient states maintain large epigenetic barriers refractory to reprogramming cellular identity, plastic states lower these barriers, and increase the sensitivity to reprogramming. Moreover, fine-tuning of cofactor levels redirects plastic epigenetic states to re-enter epigenetic resilience, and vice versa. Our ensemble model agrees with a model of metabolism-responsive loss of epigenetic resilience as a cellular aging mechanism. Our findings support the notion that cellular aging, and its reversal, might result from stochastic translation of metabolic inputs into resilient/plastic cell states via ER systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Folguera-Blasco
- Centre de Recerca Matemàtica, Edifici C, Campus de Bellaterra, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- Departament de Matemàtiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- MetaboStem, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier A. Menéndez
- Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- MetaboStem, Barcelona, Spain
- ProCURE (Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Tomás Alarcón
- Centre de Recerca Matemàtica, Edifici C, Campus de Bellaterra, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- Departament de Matemàtiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Graduate School of Mathematics (BGSMath), Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Metabolic changes are hallmarks of aging and genetic and pharmacologic alterations of relevant pathways can extend life span. In this review, we will outline how cellular biochemistry and energy homeostasis change during aging. We will highlight protein quality control, mitochondria, epigenetics, nutrient-sensing pathways, as well as the interplay between these systems with respect to their impact on cellular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Catic
- Huffington Center on Aging, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
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98
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Abstract
As the popular adage goes, all diseases run into old age and almost all physiological changes are associated with alterations in gene expression, irrespective of whether they are causal or consequential. Therefore, the quest for mechanisms that delay ageing and decrease age-associated diseases has propelled researchers to unravel regulatory factors that lead to changes in chromatin structure and function, which ultimately results in deregulated gene expression. It is therefore essential to bring together literature, which until recently has investigated gene expression and chromatin independently. With advances in biomedical research and the emergence of epigenetic regulators as potential therapeutic targets, enhancing our understanding of mechanisms that 'derail' transcription and identification of causal genes/pathways during ageing will have a significant impact. In this context, this chapter aims to not only summarize the key features of age-associated changes in epigenetics and transcription, but also identifies gaps in the field and proposes aspects that need to be investigated in the future.
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Mecocci P, Boccardi V, Cecchetti R, Bastiani P, Scamosci M, Ruggiero C, Baroni M. A Long Journey into Aging, Brain Aging, and Alzheimer's Disease Following the Oxidative Stress Tracks. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 62:1319-1335. [PMID: 29562533 PMCID: PMC5870006 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Editors of the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease invited Professor Patrizia Mecocci to contribute a review article focused on the importance and implications of her research on aging, brain aging, and senile dementias over the last years. This invitation was based on an assessment that she was one of the journal's top authors and a strong supporter of the concept that oxidative stress is a major contributor to several alterations observed in age-related conditions (sarcopenia, osteoporosis) and, more significantly, in brain aging suggesting a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of one of the most dramatic age-related diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD). Her first pioneering research was on the discovery of high level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (OH8dG), a marker of oxidation in nucleic acids, in mitochondrial DNA isolated from cerebral cortex. This molecule increases progressively with aging and more in AD brain, supporting the hypothesis that oxidative stress, a condition of unbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants, gives a strong contribution to the high incidence of AD in old age subjects. OH8dG also increases in peripheral lymphocyte from AD subjects, suggesting that AD is not only a cerebral but also a systemic disease. The role of antioxidants, particularly vitamin E and zinc, were also studied in longevity and in cognitive decline and dementia. This review shows the main findings from Mecocci's laboratory related to oxidative stress in aging, brain aging, and AD and discusses the importance and implications of some of the major achievements in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Mecocci
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Virginia Boccardi
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberta Cecchetti
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bastiani
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michela Scamosci
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carmelinda Ruggiero
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marta Baroni
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Zou R, Shi W, Tao J, Li H, Lin X, Yang S, Hua P. SIRT5 and post-translational protein modifications: A potential therapeutic target for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury with regard to mitochondrial dynamics and oxidative metabolism. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 818:410-418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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