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Wang L, Cai J, Qiao T, Li K. Ironing out macrophages in atherosclerosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1-10. [PMID: 36647723 PMCID: PMC10157607 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
<p indent="0mm">The most common cause of death worldwide is atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular disorders. Macrophages are important players in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and perform critical functions in iron homeostasis due to recycling iron by phagocytosis of senescent red blood cells and regulating iron availability in the tissue microenvironment. With the growth of research on the "iron hypothesis" of atherosclerosis, macrophage iron has gradually become a hotspot in the refined iron hypothesis. Macrophages with the M1, M2, M(Hb), Mox, and other phenotypes have been defined with different iron-handling capabilities related to the immune function and immunometabolism of macrophages, which influence the progression of atherosclerosis. In this review, we focus on macrophage iron and its effects on the development of atherosclerosis. We also cover the contradictory discoveries and propose a possible explanation. Finally, pharmaceutical modulation of macrophage iron is discussed as a promising target for atherosclerosis therapy.</p>.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Tong Qiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Kuanyu Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Wen J, Yang F, Fang CX, Chen HL, Yang L. Sulforaphane triggers iron overload-mediated ferroptosis in gastric carcinoma cells by activating the PI3K/IRP2/DMT1 pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231177295. [PMID: 37201195 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231177295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing evidence indicates that prolonged exposure to sulforaphane (SFN) can improve malignancies. However, the role of iron in SFN-triggered death in gastric carcinoma cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, the current study explored the effects of SFN on iron overload-mediated ferroptosis and the PI3K/IRP2/DMT1 pathway in gastric carcinoma cells. METHODS We utilized the MGC-803 cell line to assess whether SFN affected iron metabolism and whether this effect contributed to cell death. Pharmacological inhibition of iron metabolism also was performed to determine the molecular mechanism underlying SFN-triggered iron overload and the disturbance in iron metabolism. RESULTS Our data revealed that SFN treatment altered iron homeostasis and led to iron overload in vitro. Interestingly, SFN-stimulated cell death resulted from ferroptosis, a recently identified iron-dependent form of regulated cell death. Furthermore, an iron chelator, deferiprone, ameliorated the SFN-triggered mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced the iron overload. In addition, we found that the SFN-triggered iron overload was regulated by the PI3K/IRP2/DMT1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION We discovered that disturbance in iron metabolism might be involved in the SFN-triggered cell death in gastric carcinoma cells. Blockade of the PI3K/IRP2/DMT1 axis could provide a feedback effect on SFN-induced ferroptosis to protect tumor cells from growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- Department of Oncology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, P.R.China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of General Surgery II, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, P.R.China
| | - Cheng-Xiang Fang
- Department of Oncology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, P.R.China
| | - Hong-Liu Chen
- Department of General Surgery II, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, P.R.China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Oncology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, P.R.China
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Karahan F. Evaluation of Trace Element and Heavy Metal Levels of Some Ethnobotanically Important Medicinal Plants Used as Remedies in Southern Turkey in Terms of Human Health Risk. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:493-513. [PMID: 35661327 PMCID: PMC9167670 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal accumulation in medicinal plants has increased dramatically in recent years due to agricultural and industrial activities leading to pollution of natural sources. This study is focused on the concentration of trace elements and heavy metals in aboveground parts of 33 medicinal plants from the Eastern Mediterranean of Turkey. Results showed that the Al concentrations varied between 4.368 and 1104.627, the B level varied between 47.850 and 271.479, Ca values ranged between 1971.213 and 22,642.895, Cd concentrations ranged between 0.011 and 0.651, Cr contents varied between 1.371 and 41.692, Cu values varied between 13.278 and 42.586, Fe concentrations varied between 20.705 and 1276.783, K levels ranged between 652.143 and 14,440.946, Mg concentrations varied from 336.871 to 1869.486, Mn contents varied between 46.383 and 849.492, Na concentrations varied between 167.144 and 3401.252, Ni values varied between 0.065 and 9.968, Pb levels ranged between 1.311 and 16.238, and Zn concentrations ranged between 67.250 and 281.954 mg kg-1, respectively. Furthermore, Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) values for trace elements and estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and hazard index (HI) for heavy metals were calculated. The concentrations of heavy metals in some studied plants distributed in industrial and mining regions were found as slightly higher than the acceptable limits determined by WHO. Consequently, in order to prevent this heavy metal accumulation, when collecting medicinal aromatic plants, rural areas, close to clean rivers, or mountainous areas should be preferred, away from highway, mining, and industrial areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Karahan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science & Arts, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, 31060, Hatay, Turkey.
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Quezada-Pinedo HG, Jaddoe V, Duijts L, Muka T, Vermeulen MJ, Reiss IKM, Santos S. Maternal iron status in early pregnancy and childhood body fat measures and cardiometabolic risk factors: A population-based prospective cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:191-198. [PMID: 36789938 PMCID: PMC10131616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether maternal iron status during pregnancy is associated with cardiometabolic health in the offspring is poorly known. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the associations of maternal iron status during early pregnancy with body fat measures and cardiometabolic risk factors in children aged 10 y. METHODS In a population-based cohort study among 3718 mother-child pairs, we measured ferritin, transferrin, and transferrin saturation during early pregnancy. We obtained child BMI, fat mass index, and android/gynoid fat mass ratio by DXA, subcutaneous fat index, visceral fat index, pericardial fat index, and liver fat fraction by magnetic resonance imaging and assessed systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum lipids, glucose, insulin, and CRP at 10 y. RESULTS A one-standard deviation score (SDS) higher maternal ferritin was associated with lower fat mass index [difference -0.05 (95% CI: -0.08, -0.02) SDS] and subcutaneous fat index [difference -0.06 (95% CI: -0.10, -0.02) SDS] in children. One-SDS higher maternal transferrin was associated with higher fat mass index [difference 0.04 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.07) SDS], android/gynoid fat mass ratio [difference 0.05 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.08) SDS], and subcutaneous fat index [difference 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.10) SDS] in children. Iron status during pregnancy was not consistently associated with organ fat and cardiometabolic risk factors at 10 y. CONCLUSIONS Maternal lower ferritin and higher transferrin in early pregnancy are associated with body fat accumulation and distribution but are not associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in childhood. Underlying mechanisms and long-term consequences warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo G Quezada-Pinedo
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Taulant Muka
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Epistudia, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marijn J Vermeulen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Irwin K M Reiss
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Yang J, Feng Y, Li Q, Zeng Y. Evidence of the static magnetic field effects on bone-related diseases and bone cells. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 177:168-180. [PMID: 36462638 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Static magnetic fields (SMFs), magnetic fields with constant intensity and orientation, have been extensively studied in the field of bone biology both fundamentally and clinically as a non-invasive physical factor. A large number of animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that SMFs have effective therapeutic effects on bone-related diseases such as non-healing fractures, bone non-union of bone implants, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. The maintenance of bone health in adults depends on the basic functions of bone cells, such as bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. Numerous studies have revealed that SMFs can regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and function of bone tissue cells, including bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts, bone marrow monocytes (BMMs), osteoclasts, and osteocytes. In this paper, the effects of SMFs on bone-related diseases and bone tissue cells are reviewed from both in vivo studies and in vitro studies, and the possible mechanisms are analyzed. In addition, some challenges that need to be further addressed in the research of SMF and bone are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Yang
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingmei Li
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhong Zeng
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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The Emerging Role of Tumor Microenvironmental Stimuli in Regulating Metabolic Rewiring of Liver Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010005. [PMID: 36612000 PMCID: PMC9817521 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is one of the most devastating cancers worldwide. Extensive phenotypical and functional heterogeneity is a cardinal hallmark of cancer, including PLC, and is related to the cancer stem cell (CSC) concept. CSCs are responsible for tumor growth, progression, relapse and resistance to conventional therapies. Metabolic reprogramming represents an emerging hallmark of cancer. Cancer cells, including CSCs, are very plastic and possess the dynamic ability to constantly shift between different metabolic states depending on various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli, therefore amplifying the complexity of understanding tumor heterogeneity. Besides the well-known Warburg effect, several other metabolic pathways including lipids and iron metabolism are altered in PLC. An increasing number of studies supports the role of the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) in the metabolic control of liver CSCs. In this review, we discuss the complex metabolic rewiring affecting liver cancer cells and, in particular, liver CSCs. Moreover, we highlight the role of TME cellular and noncellular components in regulating liver CSC metabolic plasticity. Deciphering the specific mechanisms regulating liver CSC-TME metabolic interplay could be very helpful with respect to the development of more effective and innovative combinatorial therapies for PLC treatment.
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The Emerging Role of Ferroptosis in Liver Cancers. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122128. [PMID: 36556493 PMCID: PMC9788082 DOI: 10.3390/life12122128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer represents a global health challenge with worldwide growth. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. Indeed, approximately 90% of HCC cases have a low survival rate. Moreover, cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is another malignant solid tumor originating from cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells of the biliary system. It is the second-most common primary liver tumor, with an increasing course in morbidity and mortality. Tumor cells always show high metabolic levels, antioxidant modifications, and an increased iron uptake to maintain unlimited growth. In recent years, alterations in iron metabolism have been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of HCC. Several findings show that a diet rich in iron can enhance HCC risk. Hence, elevated iron concentration inside the cell may promote the development of HCC. Growing evidence sustains that activating ferroptosis may potentially block the proliferation of HCC cells. Even in CC, it has been shown that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the treatment of tumors. Several data confirmed the inhibitory effect in cell growth of photodynamic therapy (PDT) that can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CC, leading to an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and a decrease in intracellular glutathione (GSH). MDA and GSH depletion/modulation are crucial in inducing ferroptosis, suggesting that PDT may have the potential to induce this kind of cell death through these ways. A selective induction of programmed cell death in cancer cells is one of the main treatments for malignant tumors; thus, ferroptosis may represent a novel therapeutic strategy against HCC and CC.
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58
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Lila AM, Galushko EA, Semashko AS. Pathophysiology of iron and hepcidin metabolism: research perspectives in rheumatolog. RHEUMATOLOGY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.47360/1995-4484-2022-519-525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Несмотря на прогресс в изучении метаболизма железа, анемия хронического воспаления (АХВ) и дефицит железа по-прежнему остаются серьезными глобальными проблемами здравоохранения. При иммуновоспалительных ревматических заболеваниях (РЗ) наиболее частыми их вариантами являются железодефицитная анемия (ЖДА) как наиболее распространенный тип анемии, и АХВ, которая сама по себе может утяжелять течение основного заболевания за счет перегрузки железом тканей, дополнительной активации и поддержания активности воспаления. В течение последних лет широко обсуждается диагностическая и терапевтическая роль гепсидина как ключевого регулятора метаболизма железа. Изучение путей регуляции и синтеза гепсидина при иммуновоспалительных РЗ может иметь немаловажное значение для выявления патогенетических механизмов, лежащих в основе формирования резистентности к проводимой терапии, а также к появлению у пациентов тяжелой сопутствующей патологии, затрудняющей назначение адекватной терапии. Наиболее интересными с точки зрения перспективы дальнейшего изучения являются ось интерлейкин 6 – JAK2 – STAT3 и хроническая гипоксия, которая встречается при таких хронических состояниях, как сердечно-сосудистая патология, хроническая болезнь почек, интерстициальное поражение легких и др.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Lila
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
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Wei Z, Xie Y, Wei M, Zhao H, Ren K, Feng Q, Xu Y. New insights in ferroptosis: Potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1020918. [PMID: 36425577 PMCID: PMC9679292 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1020918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a common disease in clinical practice, which seriously endangers people's physical and mental health. The neurovascular unit (NVU) plays a key role in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke. Different from other classical types of cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis, ferroptosis is an iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-driven new form of cell death. Interestingly, the function of NVU and stroke development can be regulated by activating or inhibiting ferroptosis. This review systematically describes the NVU in ischemic stroke, provides a comprehensive overview of the regulatory mechanisms and key regulators of ferroptosis, and uncovers the role of ferroptosis in the NVU and the progression of ischemic stroke. We further discuss the latest progress in the intervention of ferroptosis as a therapeutic target for ischemic stroke and summarize the research progress and regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis inhibitors on stroke. In conclusion, ferroptosis, as a new form of cell death, plays a key role in ischemic stroke and is expected to become a new therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingze Wei
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huijuan Zhao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Kaidi Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Application & Translation of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Research Institute of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang H, Qi Q, Song S, Zhang D, Feng L. Association between soluble transferrin receptor and systolic hypertension in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2010 and 2015–2018). Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1029714. [PMID: 36407469 PMCID: PMC9671951 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1029714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension increases the global burden of disease and mortality. Iron metabolism is considered to be an important factor in hypertension. However, as an indicator of iron metabolism, little is known about the associations of soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) with hypertension. We studied the relationship between sTfR and hypertension. Materials and methods We studied 7,416 adults aged 20 years old or above from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative, cross-sectional, population-based study. Weighted logistic regression was used to examine the association between markers of iron metabolism and hypertension. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to characterize the association between sTfR and blood pressure. Results Weighted logistic regression showed that higher sTfR level was associated with higher odds of hypertension (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01–1.05; p = 0.001) after adjustment for all the potential confounding factors. Meanwhile, weighted logistic regression analyses indicated independent associations of high sTfR (p = 0.009) with systolic hypertension after adjusting for various different confounders. The result of restricted cubic splines showed a non-linear association between sTfR and systolic blood pressure among U.S. adults. Conclusion Soluble transferrin receptor was found to be an independent factor in systolic hypertension. And, a non-linear relationship between sTfR and systolic blood pressure was discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qianjin Qi
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuaihua Song
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Feng
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Li Feng,
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Yang J, Tang Q, Zeng Y. Melatonin: Potential avenue for treating iron overload disorders. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101717. [PMID: 35961513 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload as a highly risk factor, can be found in almost all human chronic and common diseases. Iron chelators are often used to treat iron overload; however, patient adherence to these chelators is poor due to obvious side effects and other disadvantages. Numerous studies have shown that melatonin has a high iron chelation ability and direct free radical scavenging activity, and can inhibit the lipid peroxidation process caused by iron overload. Therefore, melatonin may become potential complementary therapy for iron overload-related disorders due to its iron chelating and antioxidant activities. Here, the research progress of iron overload is reviewed and the therapeutic potential of melatonin in the treatment of iron overload is analyzed. In addition, studies related to the protective effects of melatonin on oxidative damage induced by iron overload are discussed. This review provides a foundation for preventing and treating iron homeostasis disorders with melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Yang
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qinghua Tang
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhong Zeng
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Song X, Hou L, Zhao Y, Guan Q, Li Z. Metal-dependent programmed cell death-related lncRNA prognostic signatures and natural drug sensitivity prediction for gastric cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1039499. [PMID: 36339625 PMCID: PMC9634547 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1039499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most important malignancies with poor prognosis. Ferroptosis and cuproptosis are newly discovered metal-dependent types of programmed cell death, which may directly affect the outcome of gastric cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can affect the prognosis of cancer with stable structures, which could be potential prognostic prediction factors for gastric cancer. Methods: Differentially expressed metal-dependent programmed cell death (PCD)-related lncRNAs were identified with DESeq2 and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Through GO and KEGG analyses and GSEA , we identified the potential effects of metal-dependent PCD-related lncRNAs on prognosis. Using Cox regression analysis with the LASSO method, we constructed a 12-lncRNA prognostic signature model. Also, we evaluated the prognostic efficiency with Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) methods. The sensitivities for antitumor drugs were then predicted with the pRRophetic method. Also, we discuss Chinese patent medicines and plant extracts that could induce metal-dependent programmed cell death. Results: We constructed a metal-dependent PCD-related lncRNA-gene co-expression network. Also, a metal-dependent PCD-related gastric cancer prognostic signature model including 12 lncRNAs was constructed. The K-M survival curve revealed a poor prognosis in the high-risk group. ROC curve analysis shows that the AUC of our model is 0.766, which is better than that of other published models. Moreover, the half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) for dasatinib, lapatinib, sunitinib, cytarabine, saracatinib, and vinorelbine was much lower among the high-risk group. Conclusion: Our 12 metal-dependent PCD-related lncRNA prognostic signature model may improve the OS prediction for gastric cancer. The antitumor drug sensitivity analysis results may also be helpful for individualized chemotherapy regimen design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qingtian Guan
- First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiwen Li,
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Iron Depletion in Systemic and Muscle Compartments Defines a Specific Phenotype of Severe COPD in Female and Male Patients: Implications in Exercise Tolerance. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193929. [PMID: 36235581 PMCID: PMC9571884 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that iron content and regulatory factors, which may be involved in exercise tolerance, are differentially expressed in systemic and muscle compartments in iron deficient severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. In the vastus lateralis and blood of severe COPD patients with/without iron depletion, iron content and regulators, exercise capacity, and muscle function were evaluated in 40 severe COPD patients: non-iron deficiency (NID) and iron deficiency (ID) (20 patients/group). In ID compared to NID patients, exercise capacity, muscle iron and ferritin content, serum transferrin saturation, hepcidin-25, and hemojuvelin decreased, while serum transferrin and soluble transferrin receptor and muscle IRP-1 and IRP-2 increased. Among all COPD, a significant positive correlation was detected between FEV1 and serum transferrin saturation. In ID patients, significant positive correlations were detected between serum ferritin, hepcidin, and muscle iron content and exercise tolerance and between muscle IRP-2 and serum ferritin and hepcidin levels. In ID severe COPD patients, iron content and its regulators are differentially expressed. A potential crosstalk between systemic and muscle compartments was observed in the ID patients. Lung function and exercise capacity were associated with several markers of iron metabolism regulation. Iron status should be included in the overall assessment of COPD patients given its implications in their exercise performance.
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Cai J, Peng J, Zang X, Feng J, Li R, Ren P, Zheng B, Wang J, Wang J, Yan M, Liu J, Deng R, Wang D. Mammary Leukocyte-Assisted Nanoparticle Transport Enhances Targeted Milk Trace Mineral Delivery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200841. [PMID: 35773238 PMCID: PMC9475556 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are applied as versatile platforms for drug/gene delivery in many applications owing to their long-retention and specific targeting properties in living bodies. However, the delivery mechanism and the beneficial effect of nanoparticle-retention in many organisms remain largely uncertain. Here, the transport and metabolism of mineral nanoparticles in mammary gland during lactation are explored. It is shown that maternal intravenous administration of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs; diameter: ≈11.0 nm, surface charge: -29.1 mV, surface area: 1.05 m2 g-1 ) provides elevated iron delivery to mammary gland and increased iron secretion into breast milk, which is inaccessible by classical iron-ion transport approaches such as the transferrin receptor-mediated endocytic pathway. Mammary macrophages and neutrophils are found to play dominant roles in uptake and delivery of IONPs through an unconventional leukocyte-assisted iron secretion pathway. This pathway bypasses the tight iron concentration regulation of liver hepcidin-ferroportin axis and mammary epithelial cells to increase milk iron-ion content derived from IONPs. This work provides keen insight into the metabolic pathway of nanoparticles in mammary gland while offering a new scheme of nutrient delivery for neonate metabolism regulation by using nanosized nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- Institute of Dairy ScienceCollege of Animal SciencesMOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310029P. R. China
| | - Jie Peng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsInstitute for Composites Science InnovationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
| | - Xinwei Zang
- Institute of Dairy ScienceCollege of Animal SciencesMOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310029P. R. China
| | - Juan Feng
- Institute of Dairy ScienceCollege of Animal SciencesMOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310029P. R. China
| | - Ruocheng Li
- Institute of Dairy ScienceCollege of Animal SciencesMOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310029P. R. China
| | - Peng Ren
- Institute of Dairy ScienceCollege of Animal SciencesMOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310029P. R. China
| | - Bingzhu Zheng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsInstitute for Composites Science InnovationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Wang
- Institute of Environmental HealthMOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem HealthCollege of Environmental & Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Environmental HealthMOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem HealthCollege of Environmental & Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Mi Yan
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsInstitute for Composites Science InnovationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Institute of Dairy ScienceCollege of Animal SciencesMOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310029P. R. China
| | - Renren Deng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsInstitute for Composites Science InnovationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P. R. China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310003P. R. China
| | - Diming Wang
- Institute of Dairy ScienceCollege of Animal SciencesMOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310029P. R. China
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Metal-organic framework of Zn(Ⅱ) based on 2,4,6-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine as a highly effective and dual-responsive fluorescent chemosensor target for Fe3+ and Cr2O72− ions in aqueous solutions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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66
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Tyler SEB, Tyler LDK. Therapeutic roles of plants for 15 hypothesised causal bases of Alzheimer's disease. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:34. [PMID: 35996065 PMCID: PMC9395556 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is progressive and ultimately fatal, with current drugs failing to reverse and cure it. This study aimed to find plant species which may provide therapeutic bioactivities targeted to causal agents proposed to be driving AD. A novel toolkit methodology was employed, whereby clinical symptoms were translated into categories recognized in ethnomedicine. These categories were applied to find plant species with therapeutic effects, mined from ethnomedical surveys. Survey locations were mapped to assess how this data is at risk. Bioactivities were found of therapeutic relevance to 15 hypothesised causal bases for AD. 107 species with an ethnological report of memory improvement demonstrated therapeutic activity for all these 15 causal bases. The majority of the surveys were found to reside within biodiversity hotspots (centres of high biodiversity under threat), with loss of traditional knowledge the most common threat. Our findings suggest that the documented plants provide a large resource of AD therapeutic potential. In demonstrating bioactivities targeted to these causal bases, such plants may have the capacity to reduce or reverse AD, with promise as drug leads to target multiple AD hallmarks. However, there is a need to preserve ethnomedical knowledge, and the habitats on which this knowledge depends.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luke D K Tyler
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, UK
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67
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Song Z, Tang M, Tang G, Fu G, Ou D, Yao F, Hou X, Zhang D. Oral iron supplementation in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:2779-2786. [PMID: 35758130 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This review aimed to assess whether oral iron supplementation in a chronic heart failure (HF) population with iron deficiency (ID) or mild anaemia is safe and effective according to evidence-based medicine. METHODS We retrieved 1803 records from the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases from 1 January 1991 to 15 September 2021. The clinical outcome of oral iron supplementation for ID anaemia in patients with HF was the primary endpoint. The primary safety measures included adverse events and all-cause mortality, and efficacy measures included transferrin saturation (Tsat), ferritin levels, and the 6-min walk test (6MWT). The rate ratio (RR) was used to pool the efficacy measures. RESULTS Five randomized controlled trials that compared oral iron treatment for patients with the placebo group and included a combined total of 590 participants were analysed. No significant difference was found in all-cause death between oral iron treatment and placebo groups (RR = 0.77; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.46-1.29, Z = 0.98; P = 0.33). However, adverse events were not significantly higher in the iron treatment group (RR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.60-1.16, Z = 1.07; P = 0.28). In addition, ferritin levels and Tsat were slightly increased after iron complex administration in patients with HF but were not statistically significant (ferritin: mean difference [MD] = 2.70, 95% CI, -2.41 to 7.81, Z = 1.04; P = 0.30; Tsat: MD = 27.42, 95% CI, -4.93 to 59.78, Z = 1.66; P = 0.10). No significant difference was found in exercise capacity, as indicated by the 6MWT results (MD = 59.60, 95% CI, -17.89 to 137.08, Z = 1.51; P = 0.13). We also analysed two non-randomized controlled trials with follow-up results showing that oral iron supplementation increased serum iron levels (MD = 28.87, 95% CI, 1.62-56.12, Z = 2.08; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Based on the current findings, oral iron supplementation can increase serum iron levels in patients with HF and ID or mild anaemia but does not improve Tsat and 6MWT. In addition, oral iron supplementation is relatively safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yuechi County People's Hospital, Guang'an, China
| | - Mingyang Tang
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu / Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Tang
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu / Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Guoqi Fu
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu / Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Dengke Ou
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu / Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Fengyou Yao
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu / Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Xingzhi Hou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yuechi County People's Hospital, Guang'an, China
| | - Denghong Zhang
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu / Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
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68
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Phosphoproteomic analysis of FAC overload-triggered human hepatic cells reveals G2/M phase arrest. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 619:62-67. [PMID: 35738066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic iron overload is a universal phenomenon in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) who undergo bone marrow transplantation and may experience the toxicity of peri- and post-bone marrow transplantation. To clarify the mechanisms of iron overload-triggered liver injury, we determined the effects of iron overload on changes in protein phosphorylation in human hepatocyte cell line HH4 in vitro by using a phosphoproteomics approach. The hepatocytes were exposed to high concentrations of ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) to build up an iron overload model in vitro. Changes in protein phosphorylation initiated by iron overloading were studied by 2D-LC/MS. We identified 335 differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins under the condition of excess hepatocyte iron, 11% of which were related to cell cycle progression. The results of phosphoproteomics showed that iron overload induced 10.9 times increase in Thr 14/Tyr 15-phosphorylated Cdk1 in HH4 cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that FAC-treated HH4 cells showed significant G2/M phase arrest. Our subsequent RT-PCR and Western blot experiments indicated that FAC-induced G2/M phase arrest was related to the activation of p53-p21-Cdk1, p53-14-3-3 sigma-Cdk1, and 14-3-3 gamma pathway. Our findings demonstrate the first evidence that iron overload causes G2/M arrest in HH4 hepatocytes.
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69
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Zhang H, Zhang M, Zhang X, Gao Y, Ma Y, Chen H, Wan J, Li C, Wang F, Sun X. Enhanced postoperative cancer therapy by iron-based hydrogels. Biomater Res 2022; 26:19. [PMID: 35606838 PMCID: PMC9125885 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00268-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSurgical resection is a widely used method for the treatment of solid tumor cancers. However, the inhibition of tumor recurrence and metastasis are the main challenges of postoperative tumor therapy. Traditional intravenous or oral administration have poor chemotherapeutics bioavailability and undesirable systemic toxicity. Polymeric hydrogels with a three-dimensional network structure enable on-site delivery and controlled release of therapeutic drugs with reduced systemic toxicity and have been widely developed for postoperative adjuvant tumor therapy. Among them, because of the simple synthesis, good biocompatibility, biodegradability, injectability, and multifunctionality, iron-based hydrogels have received extensive attention. This review has summarized the general synthesis methods and construction principles of iron-based hydrogels, highlighted the latest progress of iron-based hydrogels in postoperative tumor therapy, including chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, chemo-dynamic therapy, and magnetothermal-chemical combined therapy, etc. In addition, the challenges towards clinical application of iron-based hydrogels have also been discussed. This review is expected to show researchers broad perspectives of novel postoperative tumor therapy strategy and provide new ideas in the design and application of novel iron-based hydrogels to advance this sub field in cancer nanomedicine.
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70
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Yuan W, Xia H, Xu Y, Xu C, Chen N, Shao C, Dai Z, Chen R, Tao A. The role of ferroptosis in endothelial cell dysfunction. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1897-1914. [PMID: 35579940 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2079054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent cell death caused by an excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. The importance of ferroptosis in the occurrence and progression of various diseases is gradually being recognized; however, the exact biological effects and potential mechanisms of endothelial cell ferroptosis remain unclear. The endothelium forms the innermost layer of the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. It acts as an important functional interface, responds to various pathological stimuli and causes endothelial dysfunction. Here, we review recent findings to elucidate the role of ferroptosis in endothelial cells under different pathophysiologic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyin Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aibin Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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71
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Park SH, Kim RS, Stiles WR, Jo M, Zeng L, Rho S, Baek Y, Kim J, Kim MS, Kang H, Choi HS. Injectable Thermosensitive Hydrogels for a Sustained Release of Iron Nanochelators. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200872. [PMID: 35343104 PMCID: PMC9130884 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Deferoxamine (DFO) is an FDA-approved iron-chelating agent which shows good therapeutic efficacy, however, its short blood half-life presents challenges such as the need for repeated injections or continuous infusions. Considering the lifelong need of chelating agents for iron overload patients, a sustained-release formulation that can reduce the number of chelator administrations is essential. Here, injectable hydrogel formulations prepared by integrating crosslinked hyaluronic acid into Pluronic F127 for an extended release of DFO nanochelators are reported. The subcutaneously injected hydrogel shows a thermosensitive sol-gel transition at physiological body temperature and provides a prolonged release of renal clearable nanochelators over 2 weeks, resulting in a half-life 47-fold longer than that of the nanochelator alone. In addition, no chronic toxicity of the nanochelator-loaded hydrogel is confirmed by biochemical and histological analyses. This injectable hydrogel formulation with DFO nanochelators has the potential to be a promising formulation for the treatment of iron overload disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hun Park
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
- Department of Molecular Science and TechnologyAjou UniversitySuwon16499South Korea
| | - Richard S. Kim
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Wesley R. Stiles
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Minjoo Jo
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Lingxue Zeng
- Department of Biomedical & Nutritional SciencesZuckerberg College of Health SciencesUniversity of MassachusettsLowellMA01854USA
| | - Sunghoon Rho
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Yoonji Baek
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Jonghan Kim
- Department of Biomedical & Nutritional SciencesZuckerberg College of Health SciencesUniversity of MassachusettsLowellMA01854USA
| | - Moon Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and TechnologyAjou UniversitySuwon16499South Korea
| | - Homan Kang
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Hak Soo Choi
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingDepartment of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
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Liu S, Cao X, Wang D, Zhu H. Iron metabolism: State of the art in hypoxic cancer cell biology. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 723:109199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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73
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Galactose-imidazole mediated dual-targeting fluorescent probe for detecting Fe3+ in the lysosomes of hepatocytes: Design, synthesis and evaluation. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 204:114083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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74
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Zhang XY, Li Y, Wang YY, Liu XY, Jiang FL, Liu Y, Jiang P. Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots with bright fluorescence for intracellular detection of iron ion and thiol. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 611:255-264. [PMID: 34953458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have been widely used in recent years because of their excellent water solubility and abundant surface functional groups. However, compared with quantum dots or biological probes, the quantum yield of CDs is lower, and the fluorescence mainly concentrated in the blue-green range, which significantly limits the biological applications of CDs. Heteroatoms doping is the most common method to improve the luminescence of CDs. In this work, nitrogen and sulfur co-doped luminescent CDs were successfully synthesized by microwave assisted method using glutathione (GSH) and p-phenylenediamine (PPD) as raw materials. It can emit bright green fluorescence in ethanol solution, and the maximum emission wavelength is 535 nm when excited at 374 nm, and the absolute quantum yield is as high as 63%. Iron ion (Fe3+) can interact with the functional groups on the surface of the CDs to form CDs/Fe3+, which is a non-fluorescence complex, and Fe3+ can be reduced to ferrous ion (Fe2+). In other words, the reaction mechanism of CDs and Fe3+ is a combination of dynamic quenching and static quenching. The fluorescence of CDs quenched by Fe3+ can be restored by thiol, because there is a stronger binding force between sulfhydryl (-SH) on the surface of thiol and Fe3+, which enables CDs to be released. In addition, the CDs has good biocompatibility and stability, indicating that it has excellent potential in bioimaging. This discovery will expand the application of CDs in the fields of biosensing and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences & Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences & Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences & Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences & Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences & Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences & Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation and Membrane Process, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences & Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
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Smethurst DGJ, Shcherbik N. Interchangeable utilization of metals: New perspectives on the impacts of metal ions employed in ancient and extant biomolecules. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101374. [PMID: 34732319 PMCID: PMC8633580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal ions provide considerable functionality across biological systems, and their utilization within biomolecules has adapted through changes in the chemical environment to maintain the activity they facilitate. While ancient earth's atmosphere was rich in iron and manganese and low in oxygen, periods of atmospheric oxygenation significantly altered the availability of certain metal ions, resulting in ion replacement within biomolecules. This adaptation mechanism has given rise to the phenomenon of metal cofactor interchangeability, whereby contemporary proteins and nucleic acids interact with multiple metal ions interchangeably, with different coordinated metals influencing biological activity, stability, and toxic potential. The ability of extant organisms to adapt to fluctuating metal availability remains relevant in a number of crucial biomolecules, including the superoxide dismutases of the antioxidant defense systems and ribonucleotide reductases. These well-studied and ancient enzymes illustrate the potential for metal interchangeability and adaptive utilization. More recently, the ribosome has also been demonstrated to exhibit interchangeable interactions with metal ions with impacts on function, stability, and stress adaptation. Using these and other examples, here we review the biological significance of interchangeable metal ions from a new angle that combines both biochemical and evolutionary viewpoints. The geochemical pressures and chemical properties that underlie biological metal utilization are discussed in the context of their impact on modern disease states and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G J Smethurst
- Department for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, New Jersey, USA.
| | - Natalia Shcherbik
- Department for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, New Jersey, USA.
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76
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Hruby M, Martínez IIS, Stephan H, Pouckova P, Benes J, Stepanek P. Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3969. [PMID: 34833268 PMCID: PMC8618197 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron and copper are essential micronutrients needed for the proper function of every cell. However, in excessive amounts, these elements are toxic, as they may cause oxidative stress, resulting in damage to the liver and other organs. This may happen due to poisoning, as a side effect of thalassemia infusion therapy or due to hereditary diseases hemochromatosis or Wilson's disease. The current golden standard of therapy of iron and copper overload is the use of low-molecular-weight chelators of these elements. However, these agents suffer from severe side effects, are often expensive and possess unfavorable pharmacokinetics, thus limiting the usability of such therapy. The emerging concepts are polymer-supported iron- and copper-chelating therapeutics, either for parenteral or oral use, which shows vivid potential to keep the therapeutic efficacy of low-molecular-weight agents, while avoiding their drawbacks, especially their side effects. Critical evaluation of this new perspective polymer approach is the purpose of this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hruby
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Heyrovského Náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Irma Ivette Santana Martínez
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (I.I.S.M.); (H.S.)
| | - Holger Stephan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (I.I.S.M.); (H.S.)
| | - Pavla Pouckova
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Salmovska 1, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.P.); (J.B.)
| | - Jiri Benes
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Salmovska 1, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.P.); (J.B.)
| | - Petr Stepanek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Heyrovského Náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Rana S, Prabhakar N. Iron disorders and hepcidin. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:454-468. [PMID: 34755647 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element due to its role in a wide variety of physiological processes. Iron homeostasis is crucial to prevent iron overload disorders as well as iron deficiency anemia. The liver synthesized peptide hormone hepcidin is a master regulator of systemic iron metabolism. Given its role in overall health, measurement of hepcidin can be used as a predictive marker in disease states. In addition, hepcidin-targeting drugs appear beneficial as therapeutic agents. This review emphasizes recent development on analytical techniques (immunochemical, mass spectrometry and biosensors) and therapeutic approaches (hepcidin agonists, stimulators and antagonists). These insights highlight hepcidin as a potential biomarker as well as an aid in the development of new drugs for iron disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Rana
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Nirmal Prabhakar
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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78
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Chen F, Fan Y, Hou J, Liu B, Zhang B, Shang Y, Chang Y, Cao P, Tan K. Integrated analysis identifies TfR1 as a prognostic biomarker which correlates with immune infiltration in breast cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21671-21699. [PMID: 34518441 PMCID: PMC8457555 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy with high morbidity and mortality in females worldwide. Emerging evidence indicates that transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) plays vital roles in regulating cellular iron import. However, the distinct role of TfR1 in BC remains elusive. TfR1 expression was investigated using the TCGA, GEO, TIMER, UALCAN and Oncomine databases. The prognostic potential of TfR1 was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to explore the molecular mechanism of TfR1. The potential link between TfR1 expression and infiltrating abundances of immune cells was examined through the TIMER and CIBERSORT algorithm. The expression of TfR1 was dramatically upregulated in BC tissues. Increased TfR1 expression and decreased methylation levels of TfR1 were strongly correlated with multiple clinicopathological parameters. Elevated TfR1 expression was associated with a poor survival rate in BC patients. The nomogram model further confirmed that TfR1 could act as an independent prognostic biomarker in BC. The results of GO, KEGG and GSEA revealed that TfR1 was closely correlated with multiple signaling pathways and immune responses. Additionally, TfR1 was positively associated with the infiltration abundances of six major immune cells, including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells in BC. Interestingly, TfR1 influenced prognosis partially through immune infiltration. These comprehensive bioinformatics analyses suggest that TfR1 is a new independent prognostic biomarker and a potential target for immunotherapy in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Jiajie Hou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Yanan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Yanzhong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Pengxiu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Ke Tan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
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79
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Pan J, Zhang X, Fang X, Xin Z. Construction on of a Ferroptosis-Related lncRNA-Based Model to Improve the Prognostic Evaluation of Gastric Cancer Patients Based on Bioinformatics. Front Genet 2021; 12:739470. [PMID: 34497636 PMCID: PMC8419360 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.739470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is one of the most serious gastrointestinal malignancies with bad prognosis. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death, which may affect the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can affect the prognosis of cancer through regulating the ferroptosis process, which could be potential overall survival (OS) prediction factors for gastric cancer. Methods Ferroptosis-related lncRNA expression profiles and the clinicopathological and OS information were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the FerrDb database. The differentially expressed ferroptosis-related lncRNAs were screened with the DESeq2 method. Through co-expression analysis and functional annotation, we then identified the associations between ferroptosis-related lncRNAs and the OS rates for gastric cancer patients. Using Cox regression analysis with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, we constructed a prognostic model based on 17 ferroptosis-related lncRNAs. We also evaluated the prognostic power of this model using Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival curve analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results A ferroptosis-related “lncRNA–mRNA” co-expression network was constructed. Functional annotation revealed that the FOXO and HIF-1 signaling pathways were dysregulated, which might control the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Then, a ferroptosis-related gastric cancer prognostic signature model including 17 lncRNAs was constructed. Based on the RiskScore calculated using this model, the patients were divided into a High-Risk group and a low-risk group. The K-M survival curve analysis revealed that the higher the RiskScore, the worse is the obtained prognosis. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of our model is 0.751, which was better than those of other published models. The multivariate Cox regression analysis results showed that the lncRNA signature is an independent risk factor for the OS rates. Finally, using nomogram and DCA, we also observed a preferable clinical practicality potential for prognosis prediction of gastric cancer patients. Conclusion Our prognostic signature model based on 17 ferroptosis-related lncRNAs may improve the overall survival prediction in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuedong Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuoyuan Xin
- The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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80
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Dietz JV, Fox JL, Khalimonchuk O. Down the Iron Path: Mitochondrial Iron Homeostasis and Beyond. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092198. [PMID: 34571846 PMCID: PMC8468894 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular iron homeostasis and mitochondrial iron homeostasis are interdependent. Mitochondria must import iron to form iron–sulfur clusters and heme, and to incorporate these cofactors along with iron ions into mitochondrial proteins that support essential functions, including cellular respiration. In turn, mitochondria supply the cell with heme and enable the biogenesis of cytosolic and nuclear proteins containing iron–sulfur clusters. Impairment in cellular or mitochondrial iron homeostasis is deleterious and can result in numerous human diseases. Due to its reactivity, iron is stored and trafficked through the body, intracellularly, and within mitochondria via carefully orchestrated processes. Here, we focus on describing the processes of and components involved in mitochondrial iron trafficking and storage, as well as mitochondrial iron–sulfur cluster biogenesis and heme biosynthesis. Recent findings and the most pressing topics for future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan V. Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA;
| | - Jennifer L. Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424, USA;
| | - Oleh Khalimonchuk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA;
- Nebraska Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence:
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Morales M, Xue X. Targeting iron metabolism in cancer therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:8412-8429. [PMID: 34373750 PMCID: PMC8344014 DOI: 10.7150/thno.59092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is a critical component of many cellular functions including DNA replication and repair, and it is essential for cell vitality. As an essential element, iron is critical for maintaining human health. However, excess iron can be highly toxic, resulting in oxidative DNA damage. Many studies have observed significant associations between iron and cancer, and the association appears to be more than just coincidental. The chief characteristic of cancers, hyper-proliferation, makes them even more dependent on iron than normal cells. Cancer therapeutics are becoming as diverse as the disease itself. Targeting iron metabolism in cancer cells is an emerging, formidable field of therapeutics. It is a strategy that is highly diverse with regard to specific targets and the various ways to reach them. This review will discuss the importance of iron metabolism in cancer and highlight the ways in which it is being explored as the medicine of tomorrow.
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