51
|
Shishkina LN, Mazaletskaya LI, Smirnova AN, Shvydkiy VO. Inhibitory Efficiency of the Lipid Component of Plant Objects Depending on the Polarity of the Eluent. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350921030179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
52
|
Liu W, Zhang R, Xiang C, Zhang R, Wang Q, Wang T, Li X, Lu X, Gao S, Liu Z, Liu M, Gao L, Zhang W. Transcriptomic and Physiological Analysis Reveal That α-Linolenic Acid Biosynthesis Responds to Early Chilling Tolerance in Pumpkin Rootstock Varieties. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:669565. [PMID: 33968120 PMCID: PMC8104029 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.669565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Climate changes especially chilling stress affects cucurbit crops during winter seasonal production. Grafting to pumpkin rootstocks is widely used to improve the vigor of cucurbits, especially cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants, in the face of chilling stress. In our study, multi-disciplinary aspect approaches were used to investigate growth changes of pumpkin under chilling stress. Firstly, the morphological and physiological characteristics of 14 pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) varieties following different periods of chilling stress was analyzed by using physiological means. Mathematical results of principal component analysis (PCA) with chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoid contents, chilling injury index and relative electrolyte permeability indicated that relative electrolyte permeability as the primary judgment index was best associated with the comparison of chilling tolerance in pumpkin rootstock varieties. Then, transcriptomic and DCMU (Diuron) application and chlorophyll fluorescence examination analysis of pumpkin leaves revealed that 390 Cucurbita moschata differentially expressed genes (CmoDEGs) that affect photosynthesis were upregulated in leaves. 127 CmoDEGs both in leaves and roots were enriched for genes involved in unsaturated fatty acid metabolism, suggesting that plasma membrane lipids are involved in chilling perception. The results of increased composition of unsaturated fatty acid in leaves and qRT-PCR analysis of relative mRNA abundance confirmed that α-linolenic acid biosynthesis was responding to pumpkin chilling tolerance. The integration of physiological, mathematical bioinformatical and biological analysis results contributes to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying chilling tolerance and its improvement in cucumber grafted on pumpkin rootstocks. It provided an important theoretical basis and reference for further understanding on the impact of climate change on plant physiological changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoyan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenggang Xiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, HongHe University, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruiyun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shunli Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zixi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengshuang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenna Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Bose D, Ngo AH, Nguyen VC, Nakamura Y. Non-specific phospholipases C2 and C6 redundantly function in pollen tube growth via triacylglycerol production in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:409-418. [PMID: 33506578 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-specific phospholipase Cs (NPCs) are responsible for membrane lipid remodeling that involves hydrolysis of the polar head group of membrane phospholipids. Arabidopsis NPC2 and NPC6 are essential in gametogenesis, but their underlying role in the lipid remodeling remains elusive. Here, we show that these NPCs are required for triacylglycerol (TAG) production in pollen tube growth. NPC2 and NPC6 are highly expressed in developing pollen tubes and are localized at the endoplasmic reticulum. Mutants of NPC2 and NPC6 showed reduced rate of pollen germination, length of pollen tube and amount of lipid droplets (LDs). Overexpression of NPC2 or NPC6 induced LD accumulation, which suggests that these NPCs are involved in LD production. Furthermore, mutants defective in the biosynthesis of TAG, a major component of LDs, showed defective pollen tube growth. These results suggest that NPC2 and NPC6 are essential in gametogenesis for a role in hydrolyzing phospholipids and producing TAG required for pollen tube growth. Thus, lipid remodeling from phospholipids to TAG during pollen tube growth represents an emerging role for the NPC family in plant developmental control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debayan Bose
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Anh H Ngo
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Van C Nguyen
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Xing J, Zhang L, Duan Z, Lin J. Coordination of Phospholipid-Based Signaling and Membrane Trafficking in Plant Immunity. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:407-420. [PMID: 33309101 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In plants, defense-associated signal transduction involves key membrane-related processes, such as phospholipid-based signaling and membrane trafficking. Coordination of these processes occurs in the lipid bilayer of plasma membrane (PM) and luminal/extracellular membranes. Deciphering the spatiotemporal organization of phospholipids and lipid-protein interactions provides crucial information on the mechanisms that link phospholipid-based signaling and membrane trafficking in plant immunity. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of these connections, including deployment of key enzymes and molecules in phospholipid pathways, and roles of lipid diversity in membrane trafficking. We highlight the mechanisms that mediate feedback between phospholipid-based signaling and membrane trafficking to regulate plant immunity, including their novel roles in balancing endocytosis and exocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhikun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jinxing Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Lv S, Tai F, Guo J, Jiang P, Lin K, Wang D, Zhang X, Li Y. Phosphatidylserine Synthase from Salicornia europaea Is Involved in Plant Salt Tolerance by Regulating Plasma Membrane Stability. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:66-79. [PMID: 33141223 PMCID: PMC7991898 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Salinity-induced lipid alterations have been reported in many plant species; however, how lipid biosynthesis and metabolism are regulated and how lipids work in plant salt tolerance are much less studied. Here, a constitutively much higher phosphatidylserine (PS) content in the plasma membrane (PM) was found in the euhalophyte Salicornia europaea than in Arabidopsis. A gene encoding PS synthase (PSS) was subsequently isolated from S. europaea, named SePSS, which was induced by salinity. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis suggested that SePSS belongs to a base exchange-type PSS, which localises to the endoplasmic reticulum. Knockdown of SePSS in S. europaea suspension cells resulted in reduced PS content, decreased cell survival rate, and increased PM depolarization and K+ efflux under 400 or 800 mM NaCl. By contrast, the upregulation of SePSS leads to increased PS and phosphatidylethanolamine levels and enhanced salt tolerance in Arabidopsis, along with a lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species, less membrane injury, less PM depolarization and higher K+/Na+ in the transgenic lines than in wild-type (WT). These results suggest a positive correlation between PS levels and plant salt tolerance, and that SePSS participates in plant salt tolerance by regulating PS levels, hence PM potential and permeability, which help maintain ion homeostasis. Our work provides a potential strategy for improving plant growth under multiple stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sulian Lv
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Fang Tai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism,�College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Linda Liu and Partners, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Kangqi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Duoliya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Corresponding author: E-mail, ; Fax, +86 10 62836691
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Foliar Application of Different Vegetal-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Distinctively Modulates Tomato Root Development and Metabolism. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020326. [PMID: 33567668 PMCID: PMC7914860 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite the scientific evidence supporting their biostimulant activity, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the activity of protein hydrolysates (PHs) and the specificity among different products are still poorly explored. This work tested five different protein hydrolysates, produced from different plant sources using the same enzymatic approach, for their ability to promote rooting in tomato cuttings following quick dipping. Provided that all the different PHs increased root length (45–93%) and some of them increased root number (37–56%), untargeted metabolomics followed by multivariate statistics and pathway analysis were used to unravel the molecular processes at the basis of the biostimulant activity. Distinct metabolomic signatures could be found in roots following the PHs treatments. In general, PHs shaped the phytohormone profile, modulating the complex interaction between cytokinins and auxins, an interplay playing a pivotal role in root development, and triggered a down accumulation of brassinosteroids. Concerning secondary metabolism, PHs induced the accumulation of aliphatic glucosinolates, alkaloids, and phenylpropanoids, potentially eliciting crop resilience to stress conditions. Here, we confirm that PHs may have a hormone-like activity, and that their application can modulate plant growth, likely interfering with signaling processes. Noteworthy, the heterogenicity of the botanical origin supported the distinctive and peculiar metabolomic responses we observed across the products tested. While supporting their biostimulant activity, these findings suggest that a generalized crop response to PHs cannot be defined and that specific effects are rather to be investigated.
Collapse
|
57
|
Nakamura Y. Headgroup biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in seed plants. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 82:101091. [PMID: 33503494 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid biosynthesis is crucial for plant growth and development. It involves attachment of fatty acids to a phospho-diacylglycerol backbone and modification of the phospho-group into an amino alcohol. The biochemistry and molecular biology of the former has been well established, but a number of enzymes responsible for the latter have only recently been cloned and functionally characterized in Arabidopsis and some other model plant species. The metabolism involving the polar head groups of phospholipids established by past biochemical studies can now be validated by available gene knockout models. Moreover, gene knockout studies have revealed emerging functions of phospholipids in regulating plant growth and development. This review aims to revisit the old questions of polar headgroup biosynthesis of plant phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine by giving an overview of recent advances in the field and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakamura
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Abstract
Over the last few decades, MS-based lipidomics has emerged as a powerful tool to study lipids in biological systems. This success is driven by the constant demand for complete and reliable data. The improvement of MS-based lipidomics will continue to be dependent on the advances in the technology of mass spectrometry and related techniques including separation and bioinformatics, and more importantly, on gaining insight into the knowledge of lipid chemistry essential to develop methodology for lipid analysis. It is hoped that the protocols in this book, collected from experts in their fields, can offer the beginner and the advanced user alike, useful tips toward successful lipidomic analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Abstract
The paper focuses on the selected plant lipid issues. Classification, nomenclature, and abundance of fatty acids was discussed. Then, classification, composition, role, and organization of lipids were displayed. The involvement of lipids in xantophyll cycle and glycerolipids synthesis (as the most abundant of all lipid classes) were also discussed. Moreover, in order to better understand the biomembranes remodeling, the model (artificial) membranes, mimicking the naturally occurring membranes are employed and the survey on their composition and application in different kind of research was performed. High level of lipids remodeling in the plant membranes under different environmental conditions, e.g., nutrient deficiency, temperature stress, salinity or drought was proved. The key advantage of lipid research was the conclusion that lipids could serve as the markers of plant physiological condition and the detailed knowledge on lipids chemistry will allow to modify their composition for industrial needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Reszczyńska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Hanaka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Zhang X, Wu C, Hu C, Li Y, Sun X, Xu N. Lipid remodeling associated with chitooligosaccharides-induced heat tolerance of marine macroalgae Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
61
|
Barros JAS, Siqueira JAB, Cavalcanti JHF, Araújo WL, Avin-Wittenberg T. Multifaceted Roles of Plant Autophagy in Lipid and Energy Metabolism. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:1141-1153. [PMID: 32565020 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Together with sugars and proteins, lipids constitute the main carbon reserves in plants. Lipids are selectively recycled and catabolized for energy production during development and in response to environmental stresses. Autophagy is a major catabolic pathway, operating in the recycling of cellular components in eukaryotes. Although the autophagic degradation of lipids has been mainly characterized in mammals and yeast, growing evidence has highlighted the role of autophagy in several aspects of lipid metabolism in plants. Here, we summarize recent findings focusing on autophagy functions in lipid droplet (LD) metabolism. We further provide novel insights regarding the relevance of autophagy in the maintenance and clearance of mitochondria and peroxisomes and its consequences for proper lipid usage and energy homeostasis in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A S Barros
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - João A B Siqueira
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - João H F Cavalcanti
- Instituto de Educação, Agricultura e Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Humaitá, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Tamar Avin-Wittenberg
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Champeyroux C, Stoof C, Rodriguez-Villalon A. Signaling phospholipids in plant development: small couriers determining cell fate. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 57:61-71. [PMID: 32771964 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The survival of plants hinges on their ability to perceive various environmental stimuli and translate them into appropriate biochemical responses. Phospholipids, a class of membrane lipid compounds that are asymmetrically distributed within plant cells, stand out among signal transmitters for their diversity of mechanisms by which they modulate stress and developmental processes. By modifying the chemo-physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM) as well as vesicle trafficking, phospholipids contribute to changes in the protein membrane landscape, and hence, signaling responses. In this article, we review the distinct signaling mechanisms phospholipids are involved in, with a special focus on the nuclear role of these compounds. Additionally, we summarize exemplary developmental processes greatly influenced by phospholipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Champeyroux
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Stoof
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antia Rodriguez-Villalon
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Putta P, Creque E, Piontkivska H, Kooijman EE. Lipid-protein interactions for ECA1 an N-ANTH domain protein involved in stress signaling in plants. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 231:104919. [PMID: 32416105 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Epsin-like Clathrin Adaptor 1 (ECA1/ PICALM1A) is an A/ENTH domain protein that acts as an adaptor protein in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. ECA1 is recruited to the membrane during salt stress signaling in plants in a phosphatidic acid (PA)-dependent manner. PA is a lipid second messenger that rapidly and transiently increases in concentration under stress stimuli. Upon an increase in PA concentration another lipid, diacylglycerol pyrophosphate (DGPP), starts to accumulate. The accumulation of DGPP is suggested to be a cue for attenuating PA signaling during stress in plants. We showed in vitro that ECA1-PA binding is modulated as a function of membrane curvature stress and charge. In this work, we investigate ECA1 binding to DGPP in comparison with PA. We show that ECA1 has more affinity for the less charged PA, and this binding is pH dependent. Additionally, plant PA binding proteins SnRK2.10, TGD2C, and PDK1-PH2 were investigated for their interaction with DGPP, since no known DGPP binding proteins are available in the literature to date. Our results shed further light on DGPP and its interactions with membrane proteins which brings us closer toward understanding the complexity of protein interactions with anionic lipids, especially the enigmatic anionic lipid DGPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Putta
- Biological Sciences, Kent State University, PO Box 5109, 44242 Kent, OH, USA.
| | - Emily Creque
- Biological Sciences, Kent State University, PO Box 5109, 44242 Kent, OH, USA.
| | - Helen Piontkivska
- Biological Sciences, Kent State University, PO Box 5109, 44242 Kent, OH, USA.
| | - Edgar E Kooijman
- Biological Sciences, Kent State University, PO Box 5109, 44242 Kent, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Sun HJ, Luo ML, Zhou X, Zhou Q, Sun YY, Ge WY, Yao MM, Ji SJ. PuMYB21/PuMYB54 coordinate to activate PuPLDβ1 transcription during peel browning of cold-stored "Nanguo" pears. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:136. [PMID: 32922808 PMCID: PMC7459126 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Refrigeration is commonly used to extend the storage life of "Nanguo" pears, but fruit in long-term refrigeration is prone to peel browning, which is related to membrane lipid degradation. To determine the mechanism of membrane lipid degradation, we identified two R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs), PuMYB21 and PuMYB54, from "Nanguo" pears, which were notably expressed in response to cold stress and during the peel-browning process. The results from yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift, and transient expression assays indicated that both PuMYB21 and PuMYB54 directly bind to the promoter of PuPLDβ1 (a key enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids) and activate its expression, which probably enhances the degradation of membrane phospholipids and eventually results in peel browning. Moreover, the overexpression of PuMYB21 and PuMYB54 can greatly activate the transcription of endogenous PuPLDβ1 in both "Nanguo" pear fruits and calli, and their silencing can inhibit its transcription. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and pull-down assays verified that PuMYB21 interacts with PuMYB54 to enhance the expression of PuPLDβ1. In summary, we demonstrate that PuMYB21 and PuMYB54 may have roles in membrane lipid metabolism by directly binding to the downstream structural gene PuPLDβ1 during the low temperature-induced peel browning of "Nanguo" pears.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Jun Sun
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866 Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Man-Li Luo
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866 Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866 Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866 Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Sun
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866 Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wan-Ying Ge
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866 Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao-Miao Yao
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866 Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Juan Ji
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866 Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Liu JY, Li P, Zhang YW, Zuo JF, Li G, Han X, Dunwell JM, Zhang YM. Three-dimensional genetic networks among seed oil-related traits, metabolites and genes reveal the genetic foundations of oil synthesis in soybean. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:1103-1124. [PMID: 32344462 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the biochemical and genetic basis of lipid metabolism is clear in Arabidopsis, there is limited information concerning the relevant genes in Glycine max (soybean). To address this issue, we constructed three-dimensional genetic networks using six seed oil-related traits, 52 lipid metabolism-related metabolites and 54 294 SNPs in 286 soybean accessions in total. As a result, 284 and 279 candidate genes were found to be significantly associated with seed oil-related traits and metabolites by phenotypic and metabolic genome-wide association studies and multi-omics analyses, respectively. Using minimax concave penalty (MCP) and smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD) analyses, six seed oil-related traits were found to be significantly related to 31 metabolites. Among the above candidate genes, 36 genes were found to be associated with oil synthesis (27 genes), amino acid synthesis (four genes) and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (five genes), and four genes (GmFATB1a, GmPDAT, GmPLDα1 and GmDAGAT1) are already known to be related to oil synthesis. Using this information, 133 three-dimensional genetic networks were constructed, 24 of which are known, e.g. pyruvate-GmPDAT-GmFATA2-oil content. Using these networks, GmPDAT, GmAGT and GmACP4 reveal the genetic relationships between pyruvate and the three major nutrients, and GmPDAT, GmZF351 and GmPgs1 reveal the genetic relationships between amino acids and seed oil content. In addition, GmCds1, along with average temperature in July and the rainfall from June to September, influence seed oil content across years. This study provides a new approach for the construction of three-dimensional genetic networks and reveals new information for soybean seed oil improvement and the identification of gene function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Pei Li
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ya-Wen Zhang
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jian-Fang Zuo
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guo Li
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu Han
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jim M Dunwell
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Yuan-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Phospholipid Signaling Is a Component of the Salicylic Acid Response in Plant Cell Suspension Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155285. [PMID: 32722468 PMCID: PMC7432775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signaling molecule involved in plant defense. While many proteins play essential roles in SA signaling, increasing evidence shows that responses to SA appear to involve and require lipid signals. The phospholipid-generated signal transduction involves a family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis or phosphorylation of phospholipids in membranes to generate signaling molecules, which are important in the plant cellular response. In this review, we focus first, the role of SA as a mitigator in biotic/abiotic stress. Later, we describe the experimental evidence supporting the phospholipid–SA connection in plant cells, emphasizing the roles of the secondary lipid messengers (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidic acid (PA)) and related enzymes (phospholipase D (PLD) and phospholipase C (PLC)). By placing these recent finding in context of phospholipids and SA in plant cells, we highlight the role of phospholipids as modulators in the early steps of SA triggered transduction in plant cells.
Collapse
|
67
|
Crizel RL, Perin EC, Vighi IL, Woloski R, Seixas A, da Silva Pinto L, Rombaldi CV, Galli V. Genome-wide identification, and characterization of the CDPK gene family reveal their involvement in abiotic stress response in Fragaria x ananassa. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11040. [PMID: 32632235 PMCID: PMC7338424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67957-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are encoded by a large gene family and play important roles against biotic and abiotic stresses and in plant growth and development. To date, little is known about the CDPK genes in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa). In this study, analysis of Fragaria x ananassa CDPK gene family was performed, including gene structures, phylogeny, interactome and expression profiles. Nine new CDPK genes in Fragaria x ananassa were identified based on RNA-seq data. These identified strawberry FaCDPK genes were classified into four main groups, based on the phylogenetic analysis and structural features. FaCDPK genes were differentially expressed during fruit development and ripening, as well as in response to abiotic stress (salt and drought), and hormone (abscisic acid) treatment. In addition, the interaction network analysis pointed out proteins involved in the ABA-dependent response to plant stress via Ca2+ signaling, especially RBOHs. To our knowledge, this is the first report on CDPK families in Fragaria x ananassa, and it will provide valuable information for development of biofortified fruits and stress tolerant plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosane Lopes Crizel
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Ellen Cristina Perin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia de Processos Químicos e Bioquímicos, Universidade Tecnologia Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, Brasil
| | - Isabel Lopes Vighi
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Rafael Woloski
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Amilton Seixas
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | | | - César Valmor Rombaldi
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Galli
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Cheung LKY, Dupuis JH, Dee DR, Bryksa BC, Yada RY. Roles of Plant-Specific Inserts in Plant Defense. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:682-694. [PMID: 32526173 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitously expressed in plants, the plant-specific insert (PSI) of typical plant aspartic proteases (tpAPs) has been associated with plant development, stress response, and defense processes against invading pathogens. Despite sharing high sequence identity, structural studies revealed possible different mechanisms of action among species. The PSI induces signaling pathways of defense hormones in vivo and demonstrates broad-spectrum activity against phytopathogens in vitro. Recent characterization of the PSI-tpAP relationship uncovered novel, nonconventional intracellular protein transport pathways and improved tpAP production yields for industrial applications. In spite of research to date, relatively little is known about the structure-function relationships of PSIs. A comprehensive understanding of their biological roles may benefit plant protection strategies against virulent phytopathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lennie K Y Cheung
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - John H Dupuis
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Derek R Dee
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Brian C Bryksa
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Rickey Y Yada
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. @ubc.ca
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Creydt M, Fischer M. Metabolic imaging: Analysis of different sections of white Asparagus officinalis shoots using high-resolution mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 250:153179. [PMID: 32438196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many plant metabolism processes are currently not completely understood despite the numerous studies. These include the events in plant shoots and especially in the apical meristem. To understand the various mechanisms on a molecular level, a combined approach of target and non-targeted fingerprinting analysis was worked out on different white asparagus spear segments using high resolution mass spectrometry. By means of various multivariate analysis strategies, numerous distinctions within diverse substance classes were observed. While most of the investigated metabolites were present in relatively higher concentrations in the tip of the asparagus spears, others were more accumulated at the bottom, some, in turn, did not show any concentration differences along the shoot. Using pathway analysis, the most significant metabolites were classified in the biological context. To our knowledge for the first time, a non-targeted metabolomics approach is used with the aim of metabolic profiling of plant sprouts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Creydt
- HAMBURG SCHOOL OF FOOD SCIENCE - Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Fischer
- HAMBURG SCHOOL OF FOOD SCIENCE - Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Sosa Alderete LG, Flor S, Lucangioli S, Agostini E. Impact of phenol on the glycerophospholipid turnover and potential role of circadian clock in the plant response against this pollutant in tobacco hairy roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 151:411-420. [PMID: 32283507 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glycerophospholipids (GPLs) from cell membranes (CM) are a proper source for the synthesis of lipid messengers able to activate signal pathways that will define the plant survival under changing and stressful environmental conditions. Little is known about how GPLs metabolism (GPLsM) is regulated and the effects of phenol treatment on GPLs composition. In this work, we studied the effects of phenol both on GPLs turnover and on the expression of GPLsM-related genes potentially regulated by the circadian clock, using tobacco hairy root cultures (HRC). Phenol decreased the total PC levels and increased PE, PG and CL levels in the dark phase. Different molecular species of PC and PE showed the same trend than the total PC and PE upon phenol treatment. Besides, significant differences in the expression of all studied genes related to GPLsM were found. NtCCT2 expression was affected at all analyzed times while NtPECT1 and NtAAPT1 showed similar expression patterns. NtCDS1, NtPGPS2 and NtCLS genes showed significant and differential expression profiles both in untreated and treated HRC. PECT1 and NtPGPS2 genes seem to conserve a circadian expression profile mainly in untreated HRC. However, phenol was able to modify the GPLs composition and the expression of genes related to GPLs synthesis. The GPLs modification could be explained by the up-regulation of NtPECT1, NtAAPT1 and NtCLS genes during the dark phase, suggesting for being a crucial moment for HRC to trigger an adaptive response against this organic pollutant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas G Sosa Alderete
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Sabrina Flor
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigación Científica y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lucangioli
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigación Científica y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth Agostini
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Wang J, Singh SK, Geng S, Zhang S, Yuan L. Genome-wide analysis of glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase gene family and functional characterization of two cutin group GPATs in Brassica napus. PLANTA 2020; 251:93. [PMID: 32246349 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide identification, spatio-temporal expression analysis and functional characterization of selected Brassica napus GPATs highlight their roles in cuticular wax biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. Glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase (GPAT) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of glycerolipids, a major component of cellular membranes and extracellular protective layers, such as cuticles in plants. Brassica napus is an economically important crop and cultivated worldwide mostly for its edible oil. The B. napus GPATs (BnGPATs) are insufficiently characterized. Here, we performed genome-wide analysis to identify putative GPATs in B. napus and its diploid progenitors B. rapa and B oleracea. The 32 B. napus BnGPATs are phylogenetically divided into three major groups, cutin, suberin, and diverse ancient groups. Analysis of transcriptomes of different tissues and seeds at different developmental stages revealed the spatial and temporal expression profiles of BnGPATs. The yield and oil quality of B. napus are adversely affected by the necrotrophic fungus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. We showed that several BnGPATs, including cutin-related BnGPAT19 and 21, were upregulated in the S. sclerotiorum resistant line. RNAi-mediated suppression of BnGPAT19 and 21 in B. napus resulted in thinner cuticle, leading to rapid water and chlorophyll loss in toluidine blue staining and leaf bleaching assays. In addition, the RNAi plants also developed severe necrotic lesions following fungal inoculation compared to the wild-type plants, indicating that BnGPAT19 and 21 are likely involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis that is critical for initial pathogen defense. Taken together, we provided a comprehensive account of GPATs B. napus and characterized BnGPAT19 and 21 for their potential roles in cuticular wax biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxue Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and the Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Siyu Geng
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and the Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Shuai L, Li L, Sun J, Liao L, Duan Z, Li C, He X. Role of phospholipase C in banana in response to anthracnose infection. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:1038-1045. [PMID: 32148812 PMCID: PMC7020292 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase C (PLC) plays an important role in plant immunity, and anthracnose caused by the Colletotrichum species is a common postharvest disease of the banana fruit. This study aims to evaluate the role of PLC in anthrax resistance in banana. The experimental group of banana samples was treated with a banana anthracnose conidia suspension, and the control group was treated with distilled water. After inoculation, the groups were sprayed with ethephon, and indicators, such as hardness and conductivity changes; PLC activity, 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidic acid (PA)content; and MaPLC-1and MaPLC-2 expression levels, were assessed at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days. Moreover, the expression levels of MaPLC-1 and MaPLC-2 were detected in various tissues. The hardness of banana fruits in the experimental group decreased faster than that in the control group. Furthermore, the conductivity was higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Regarding PLC activity, DAG, and PA content, bananas in the experimental group showed higher activities than those in the control group. Moreover, relatively higher expression of PLC mRNA was detected in anthracnose-inoculated tissues. The evaluation of MaPLC-1 and MaPLC-2 expression levels showed that the mature peel had the highest MaPLC-1 expression level. However, the MaPLC-2 gene was expressed at relatively low levels in the fruit and at relatively high levels in the flower organs. PLC might play a role in fruit ripening in response to anthracnose resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Shuai
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Key LaboratoryGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
- College of Food and Biological Engineering/Institute of Food Science and Engineering TechnologyHezhou UniversityHezhouGuangxiChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage‐processing TechnologyGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
| | - Li Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage‐processing TechnologyGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
- Agro‐food Science and Technology Research InstituteGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Key LaboratoryGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage‐processing TechnologyGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
- Agro‐food Science and Technology Research InstituteGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
| | - Lingyan Liao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering/Institute of Food Science and Engineering TechnologyHezhou UniversityHezhouGuangxiChina
| | - Zhenhua Duan
- College of Food and Biological Engineering/Institute of Food Science and Engineering TechnologyHezhou UniversityHezhouGuangxiChina
| | - Changbao Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage‐processing TechnologyGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
- Agro‐food Science and Technology Research InstituteGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
| | - Xuemei He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage‐processing TechnologyGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
- Agro‐food Science and Technology Research InstituteGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Colin LA, Jaillais Y. Phospholipids across scales: lipid patterns and plant development. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 53:1-9. [PMID: 31580918 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipids are major building blocks of cell membranes and as such they have a key structural role in maintaining their integrity as a hydrophobic barrier. However, phospholipids not only have structural but also regulatory functions that are involved in a myriad of signaling pathways. Integrative approaches in plants recently revealed that certain phospholipids have distinct patterns of accumulation at the tissue or organ scales, which turned out to be important cues in a developmental context. Using examples on different phospholipid classes, including phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidic acid, we review how spatio-temporal lipid patterns arise at the organismal level and what are their downstream consequences on plant development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leia Axelle Colin
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRA, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRA, F-69342 Lyon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Lu S, Liu H, Jin C, Li Q, Guo L. An efficient and comprehensive plant glycerolipids analysis approach based on high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. PLANT DIRECT 2019; 3:e00183. [PMID: 31832598 PMCID: PMC6858605 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In past two decades, numerous lipidomics approaches based on mass spectrometry with or without liquid chromatography separation have been established for identification and quantification of lipids in plants. In this study, we developed an efficient and comprehensive lipidomics approach based on UPLC with an Acquity UPLCTM BEH C18 column coupled to TripleTOF using ESI in positive ion mode and MS/MSALL scan for data collection. Lipid extract was prepared to 2 mg/ml solution according to dry tissue weight and mixed with 13 kinds of internal standards including PA, PC, PE, and PG. Each analysis required single injection of 5-10 μl lipid solvent and completed in 32 min. A target method dataset was generated using the LipidView software for prediction of the accurate mass of target lipid species. The dataset was uploaded into the PeakView to create processing datasets to search target lipid species, which achieved batch data processing of multiple samples for lipid species-specific identification and quantification. As proof of concept, we profiled the lipids of different tissues of rapeseed. Thirteen lipid classes including 218 glycerolipids were identified including 46 TAGs, 15 DAGs, 20 PCs, 24 PEs, 13 PGs, 14 PIs, 26 PSs, 12 PAs, 16 MGDGs, 16 DGDGs, 6 LysoPCs, 5 LysoPEs, and 5 LysoPGs. Together, our approach permits the analysis of glycerolipids in plant tissues with simplicity in sample analysis and data processing using UPLC-TripleTOF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoping Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hongbo Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Cheng Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Qing Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Angkawijaya AE, Nguyen VC, Nakamura Y. LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID ACYLTRANSFERASES 4 and 5 are involved in glycerolipid metabolism and nitrogen starvation response in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 224:336-351. [PMID: 31211859 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deficiency triggers an accumulation of a storage lipid triacylglycerol (TAG) in seed plants and algae. Whereas the metabolic pathway and regulatory mechanism to synthesize TAG from diacylglycerol are well known, enzymes involved in the supply of diacylglycerol remain elusive under N starvation. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAT) catalyzes an important step of the de novo phospholipid biosynthesis pathway and thus has a strong flux control in the biosynthesis of phospholipids and TAG. Five LPAT isoforms are known in Arabidopsis; however, the functions of LPAT4 and LPAT5 remain elusive. Here, we show that LPAT4 and LPAT5 are functional endoplasmic-reticulum-localized LPATs. Seedlings of the double knockout mutant lpat4-1 lpat5-1 showed reduced content of phospholipids and TAG under normal growth condition. Under N starvation, lpat4-1 lpat5-1 seedlings showed severer growth defect than the wild-type in shoot. The phenotype was similar to dgat1-4, which affects a major TAG biosynthesis pathway and showed similarly reduced TAG content as the lpat4-1 lpat5-1. We suggest that LPAT4 and LPAT5 may redundantly function in endoplasmic-reticulum-localized de novo glycerolipid biosynthesis for phospholipids and TAG, which is important for the N starvation response in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artik Elisa Angkawijaya
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 sec.2 Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Van Cam Nguyen
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 sec.2 Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 sec.2 Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Membrane Lipid Remodeling in Response to Salinity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174264. [PMID: 31480391 PMCID: PMC6747501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most decisive environmental factors threatening the productivity of crop plants. Understanding the mechanisms of plant salt tolerance is critical to be able to maintain or improve crop yield under these adverse environmental conditions. Plant membranes act as biological barriers, protecting the contents of cells and organelles from biotic and abiotic stress, including salt stress. Alterations in membrane lipids in response to salinity have been observed in a number of plant species including both halophytes and glycophytes. Changes in membrane lipids can directly affect the properties of membrane proteins and activity of signaling molecules, adjusting the fluidity and permeability of membranes, and activating signal transduction pathways. In this review, we compile evidence on the salt stress responses of the major membrane lipids from different plant tissues, varieties, and species. The role of membrane lipids as signaling molecules in response to salinity is also discussed. Advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques have largely expanded our knowledge of salt-induced changes in lipids, however only a handful studies have investigated the underlying mechanisms of membrane lipidome regulation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent works that have been carried out on lipid remodeling of plant membranes under salt treatment. Challenges and future perspectives in understanding the mechanisms of salt-induced changes to lipid metabolisms are proposed.
Collapse
|
77
|
Basnet R, Hussain N, Shu Q. OsDGD2β is the Sole Digalactosyldiacylglycerol Synthase Gene Highly Expressed in Anther, and its Mutation Confers Male Sterility in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:66. [PMID: 31414258 PMCID: PMC6694320 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0320-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) is one of the major lipids found predominantly in the photosynthetic membrane of cyanobacteria, eukaryotic algae and higher plants. DGDG, along with MGDG (Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol), forms the matrix in thylakoid membrane of chloroplast, providing the site for photochemical and electron transport reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis. RESULTS In silico analysis reveals that rice (Oryza sativa L.) genome has 5 genes encoding DGDG synthase, which are differentially expressed in different tissues, and OsDGD2β was identified to be the sole DGDG synthase gene expressed in anther. We then developed osdgd2β mutants by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and elucidate its role, especially in the development of anther and pollen. The loss of function of OsDGD2β resulted in male sterility in rice characterized by pale yellow and shrunken anther, devoid of starch granules in pollen, and delayed degeneration of tapetal cells. The total fatty acid and DGDG content in the anther was reduced by 18.66% and 22.72% in osdgd2β, affirming the importance of DGDG in the development of anther. The mutants had no notable differences in the vegetative phenotype, as corroborated by relative gene expression of DGDG synthase genes in leaves, chlorophyll measurements, and analysis of photosynthetic parameters, implying the specificity of OsDGD2β in anther. CONCLUSION Overall, we showed the importance of DGDG in pollen development and loss of function of OsDGD2β results in male sterility. Here, we have also proposed the use of OsDGD2β in hybrid rice breeding using the nuclear male sterility system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasbin Basnet
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 Hubei China
| | - Nazim Hussain
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Qingyao Shu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 Hubei China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Nguyen VC, Nakamura Y, Kanehara K. Membrane lipid polyunsaturation mediated by FATTY ACID DESATURASE 2 (FAD2) is involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:478-493. [PMID: 31001857 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Unsaturation of membrane glycerolipid classes at their hydrophobic fatty acid tails critically affects the physical nature of the lipid molecule. In Arabidopsis thaliana, 7 fatty acid desaturases (FADs) differently desaturate each glycerolipid class in plastids and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we showed that polyunsaturation of ER glycerolipids is required for the ER stress response. Through systematic screening of FAD mutants, we found that a mutant of FAD2 resulted in a hypersensitive response to tunicamycin, a chemical inducer of ER stress. FAD2 converts oleic acid to linoleic acid of the fatty acyl groups of ER-synthesized phospholipids. Our functional in vivo reporter assay revealed the ER localization and distinct tissue-specific expression patterns of FAD2. Moreover, glycerolipid profiling of both mutants and overexpressors of FAD2 under tunicamycin-induced ER stress conditions, along with phenotypic screening of the mutants of the FAD family, suggested that the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly 18:1 to 18:2 species, may be an important factor in allowing the ER membrane to cope with ER stress. Therefore, our results suggest that membrane lipid polyunsaturation mediated by FAD2 is involved in ER stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Cam Nguyen
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Kazue Kanehara
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Science and Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, Hokkaido, 050-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Wang B, Liu C, Zhang D, He C, Zhang J, Li Z. Effects of maize organ-specific drought stress response on yields from transcriptome analysis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:335. [PMID: 31370805 PMCID: PMC6676540 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1941-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought is a serious causal factor of reduced crop yields than any other abiotic stresses. As one of the most widely distributed crops, maize plants frequently suffer from drought stress, which causes great losses in the final kernel yield. Drought stress response in plants showed tissue- and developmental stage-specific characteristics. RESULTS In this study, the ears at the V9 stage, kernels and ear leaf at the 5DAP (days after pollination) stage of maize were used for morphological, physiological and comparative transcriptomics analysis to understand the different features of "sink" or "source" organs and the effects on kernel yield under drought stress conditions. The ABA-, NAC-mediate signaling pathway, osmotic protective substance synthesis and protein folding response were identified as common drought stress response in the three organs. Tissue-specific drought stress responses and the regulators were identified, they were highly correlated with growth, physiological adaptation and yield loss under drought stress. For ears, drought stress inhibited ear elongation, led to the abnormal differentiation of the paired spikelet, and auxin signaling involved in the regulation of cell division and growth and primordium development changes. In the kernels, reduced kernel size caused by drought stress was observed, and the obvious differences of auxin, BR and cytokine signaling transduction appeared, which indicated the modification in carbohydrate metabolism, cell differentiation and growth retardation. For the ear leaf, dramatically and synergistically reduced the expression of photosynthesis genes were observed when suffered from drought stress, the ABA- and NAC- mediate signaling pathway played important roles in the regulation of photosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS Transcriptomic changes caused by drought were highly correlated with developmental and physiological adaptation, which was closely related to the final yield of maize, and a sketch of tissue- and developmental stage-specific responses to drought stress in maize was drafted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baomei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Can Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Dengfeng Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Chunmei He
- Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 Shandong China
| | - Juren Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Zhaoxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Lu S, Fadlalla T, Tang S, Li L, Ali U, Li Q, Guo L. Genome-Wide Analysis of Phospholipase D Gene Family and Profiling of Phospholipids under Abiotic Stresses in Brassica napus. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:1556-1566. [PMID: 31073607 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Oil crop Brassica napus is subjected to environmental stresses such as drought, cold and salt. Phospholipase Ds (PLDs) have vital roles in regulation of plant growth, development and stress tolerance. In this study, 32 BnaPLD genes were identified and classified into six subgroups depending on the conserved protein structures. High similarity in gene and protein structures exists between BnaPLDs and AtPLDs. Gene expression analysis showed that BnaPLDα1s and BnaPLDδs had higher expression than other PLDs. BnaPLDα1 and BnaPLDδ were significantly induced by abiotic stresses including dehydration, NaCl, abscisic acid (ABA) and 4�C. Lipidomic analysis showed that the content of main membrane phospholipids decreased gradually under stresses, except phosphatidylglycerol increased under the treatment of ABA and phosphatidylethanolamine increased under 4�C. Correspondingly, their product of phosphatidic acid increased often with a transient peak at 8 h. The plant height of mutants of PLDα1 was significantly reduced. Agronomic traits such as yield, seed number, silique number and branches were significantly impaired in PLDα1 mutants. These results indicate that there is a large family of PLD genes in B. napus, especially BnaPLDα1s and BnaPLDδs may play important roles in membrane lipids remodeling and maintaining of the growth and stress tolerance of B. napus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoping Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tarig Fadlalla
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Shan Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Long Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Usman Ali
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qing Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Lung SC, Chye ML. Arabidopsis acyl-CoA-binding proteins regulate the synthesis of lipid signals. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:113-117. [PMID: 30676650 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant lipid signals are crucial developmental modulators and stress response mediators. A family of acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs) participates in the lipid trafficking of these signals. Isoform-specific functions can arise from differences in their subcellular distribution, tissue-specificity, stress-responsiveness, and ligand selectivity. In lipid-mediated cell signaling, plant ACBPs are not merely transporters but are also important regulators via their interaction with lipid-metabolic enzymes and precursor lipids. In this Insight, the regulatory roles of plant ACBPs in the synthesis of various signaling lipids, including phosphatidic acid, sterols, oxylipins, and sphingolipids, are reviewed. We focus on the functional significance of these lipid signals in plant development and stress responses with an overview of recent work using reverse genetics and transgenic Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiu-Cheung Lung
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mee-Len Chye
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Enkavi G, Javanainen M, Kulig W, Róg T, Vattulainen I. Multiscale Simulations of Biological Membranes: The Challenge To Understand Biological Phenomena in a Living Substance. Chem Rev 2019; 119:5607-5774. [PMID: 30859819 PMCID: PMC6727218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biological membranes are tricky to investigate. They are complex in terms of molecular composition and structure, functional over a wide range of time scales, and characterized by nonequilibrium conditions. Because of all of these features, simulations are a great technique to study biomembrane behavior. A significant part of the functional processes in biological membranes takes place at the molecular level; thus computer simulations are the method of choice to explore how their properties emerge from specific molecular features and how the interplay among the numerous molecules gives rise to function over spatial and time scales larger than the molecular ones. In this review, we focus on this broad theme. We discuss the current state-of-the-art of biomembrane simulations that, until now, have largely focused on a rather narrow picture of the complexity of the membranes. Given this, we also discuss the challenges that we should unravel in the foreseeable future. Numerous features such as the actin-cytoskeleton network, the glycocalyx network, and nonequilibrium transport under ATP-driven conditions have so far received very little attention; however, the potential of simulations to solve them would be exceptionally high. A major milestone for this research would be that one day we could say that computer simulations genuinely research biological membranes, not just lipid bilayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giray Enkavi
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Javanainen
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy
of Sciences, Flemingovo naḿesti 542/2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
- Computational
Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Waldemar Kulig
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Computational
Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Computational
Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
- MEMPHYS-Center
for Biomembrane Physics
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Allwood JW, Xu Y, Martinez-Martin P, Palau R, Cowan A, Goodacre R, Marshall A, Stewart D, Howarth C. Rapid UHPLC-MS metabolite profiling and phenotypic assays reveal genotypic impacts of nitrogen supplementation in oats. Metabolomics 2019; 15:42. [PMID: 30868357 PMCID: PMC6476850 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oats (Avena sativa L.) are a whole grain cereal recognised for their health benefits and which are cultivated largely in temperate regions providing both a source of food for humans and animals, as well as being used in cosmetics and as a potential treatment for a number of diseases. Oats are known as being a cereal source high in dietary fibre (e.g. β-glucans), as well as being high in antioxidants, minerals and vitamins. Recently, oats have been gaining increased global attention due to their large number of beneficial health effects. Consumption of oats has been proven to lower blood LDL cholesterol levels and blood pressure, thus reducing the risk of heart disease, as well as reducing blood-sugar and insulin levels. OBJECTIVES Oats are seen as a low input cereal. Current agricultural guidelines on nitrogen application are believed to be suboptimal and only consider the effect of nitrogen on grain yield. It is important to understand the role of both variety and of crop management in determining nutritional quality of oats. In this study the response of yield, grain quality and grain metabolites to increasing nitrogen application to levels greater than current guidelines were investigated. METHODS Four winter oat varieties (Mascani, Tardis, Balado and Gerald) were grown in a replicated nitrogen response trial consisting of a no added nitrogen control and four added nitrogen treatments between 50 and 200 kg N ha-1 in a randomised split-plot design. Grain yield, milling quality traits, β-glucan, total protein and oil content were assessed. The de-hulled oats (groats) were also subjected to a rapid Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) metabolomic screening approach. RESULTS Application of nitrogen had a significant effect on grain yield but there was no significant difference between the response of the four varieties. Grain quality traits however displayed significant differences both between varieties and nitrogen application level. β-glucan content significantly increased with nitrogen application. The UHPLC-MS approach has provided a rapid, sub 15 min per sample, metabolite profiling method that is repeatable and appropriate for the screening of large numbers of cereal samples. The method captured a wide range of compounds, inclusive of primary metabolites such as the amino acids, organic acids, vitamins and lipids, as well as a number of key secondary metabolites, including the avenanthramides, caffeic acid, and sinapic acid and its derivatives and was able to identify distinct metabolic phenotypes for the varieties studied. Amino acid metabolism was massively upregulated by nitrogen supplementation as were total protein levels, whilst the levels of organic acids were decreased, likely due to them acting as a carbon skeleton source. Several TCA cycle intermediates were also impacted, potentially indicating increased TCA cycle turn over, thus providing the plant with a source of energy and reductant power to aid elevated nitrogen assimilation. Elevated nitrogen availability was also directed towards the increased production of nitrogen containing phospholipids. A number of both positive and negative impacts on the metabolism of phenolic compounds that have influence upon the health beneficial value of oats and their products were also observed. CONCLUSIONS Although the developed method has broad applicability as a rapid screening method or a rapid metabolite profiling method and in this study has provided valuable metabolic insights, it still must be considered that much greater confidence in metabolite identification, as well as quantitative precision, will be gained by the application of higher resolution chromatography methods, although at a large expense to sample throughput. Follow up studies will apply higher resolution GC (gas chromatography) and LC (reversed phase and HILIC) approaches, oats will be also analysed from across multiple growth locations and growth seasons, effectively providing a cross validation for the results obtained within this preliminary study. It will also be fascinating to perform more controlled experiments with sampling of green tissues, as well as oat grains, throughout the plants and grains development, to reveal greater insight of carbon and nitrogen metabolism balance, as well as resource partitioning into lipid and secondary metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J William Allwood
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Yun Xu
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Pilar Martinez-Martin
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EE, UK
| | - Raphaёlle Palau
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
| | - Alexander Cowan
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EE, UK
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Athole Marshall
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EE, UK
| | - Derek Stewart
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK
| | - Catherine Howarth
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
He H, Qin L, Zhang Y, Han M, Li J, Liu Y, Qiu K, Dai X, Li Y, Zeng M, Guo H, Zhou Y, Wang X. 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic Acid as a Novel Matrix for Enhanced In Situ Detection and Imaging of Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds in Biological Tissues by MALDI-MSI. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2634-2643. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huixin He
- Centre for Imaging & Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liang Qin
- Centre for Imaging & Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- Centre for Imaging & Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Manman Han
- Centre for Imaging & Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinming Li
- Centre for Imaging & Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Centre for Imaging & Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kaidi Qiu
- Centre for Imaging & Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dai
- Centre for Imaging & Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- The Hospital of Minzu University of China, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Huihong Guo
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yijun Zhou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Centre for Imaging & Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Alagumuthu M, Dahiya D, Singh Nigam P. Phospholipid—the dynamic structure between living and non-living world; a much obligatory supramolecule for present and future. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2019.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
|
86
|
Angkawijaya AE, Ngo AH, Nguyen VC, Gunawan F, Nakamura Y. Expression Profiles of 2 Phosphate Starvation-Inducible Phosphocholine/Phosphoethanolamine Phosphatases, PECP1 and PS2, in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:662. [PMID: 31191578 PMCID: PMC6549246 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is essential for plant viability. Phosphate-starved plants trigger membrane lipid remodeling to replace membrane phospholipids by non-phosphorus galactolipids presumably to acquire scarce phosphate source. Phosphoethanolamine/phosphocholine phosphatase 1 (PECP1) and phosphate starvation-induced gene 2 (PS2) belong to an emerging class of phosphatase induced by phosphate starvation and dephosphorylates phosphocholine and phosphoethanolamine (PEtn) in vivo. However, detailed spatiotemporal expression pattern as well as subcellular localization has not been investigated yet. Here, by constructing transgenic plants harboring functional translational promoter-reporter fusion system, we showed the expression pattern of PECP1 and PS2 in different tissues and in response to phosphate starvation. Besides, the Venus fluorescent reporter revealed that both are localized at the ER. Characterization of transgenic plants that overexpress PECP1 or PS2 showed that their activity toward PEtn may be different in vivo. We suggest that PECP1 and PS2 are ER-localized phosphatases that show similar expression pattern yet have a distinct substrate specificity in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anh H. Ngo
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Van C. Nguyen
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Farrel Gunawan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Yuki Nakamura,
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Barkla BJ, Garibay-Hernández A, Melzer M, Rupasinghe TWT, Roessner U. Single cell-type analysis of cellular lipid remodelling in response to salinity in the epidermal bladder cells of the model halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2390-2403. [PMID: 29813189 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress causes dramatic changes in the organization and dynamic properties of membranes, however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms involved. Modified trichomes, known as epidermal bladder cells (EBC), on the leaves and stems of the halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum can be successfully exploited as a single-cell-type system to investigate salt-induced changes to cellular lipid composition. In this study, alterations in key molecular species from different lipid classes highlighted an increase in phospholipid species, particularly those from phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidic acid (PA), where the latter is central to the synthesis of membrane lipids. Triacylglycerol (TG) species decreased during salinity, while there was little change in plastidic galactolipids. EBC transcriptomic and proteomic data mining revealed changes in genes and proteins involved in lipid metabolism and the upregulation of transcripts for PIPKIB, PI5PII, PIPKIII, and phospholipase D delta suggested the induction of signalling processes mediated by phosphoinositides and PA. TEM and flow cytometry showed the dynamic nature of lipid droplets in these cells under salt stress. Altogether, this work indicates that the metabolism of TG might play an important role in EBC response to salinity as either an energy reserve for sodium accumulation and/or driving membrane biosynthesis for EBC expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn J Barkla
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adriana Garibay-Hernández
- Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Seeland, Germany
| | - Michael Melzer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Seeland, Germany
| | - Thusitha W T Rupasinghe
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Metabolomics Australia, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Metabolomics Australia, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Garbowicz K, Liu Z, Alseekh S, Tieman D, Taylor M, Kuhalskaya A, Ofner I, Zamir D, Klee HJ, Fernie AR, Brotman Y. Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis Identifies a Prominent Gene Involved in the Production of Fatty Acid-Derived Flavor Volatiles in Tomato. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:1147-1165. [PMID: 29960108 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To gain insight into the genetic regulation of lipid metabolism in tomato, we conducted metabolic trait loci (mQTL) analysis following the lipidomic profiling of fruit pericarp and leaf tissue of the Solanum pennellii introgression lines (IL). To enhance mapping resolution for selected fruit-specific mQTL, we profiled the lipids in a subset of independently derived S. pennellii backcross inbred lines, as well as in a near-isogenic sub-IL population. We identified a putative lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase that controls the levels of several lipids, and two members of the class III lipase family, LIP1 and LIP2, that were associated with decreased levels of diacylglycerols (DAGs) and triacylglycerols (TAGs). Lipases of this class cleave fatty acids from the glycerol backbone of acylglycerols. The released fatty acids serve as precursors of flavor volatiles. We show that LIP1 expression correlates with fatty acid-derived volatile levels. We further confirm the function of LIP1 in TAG and DAG breakdown and volatile synthesis using transgenic plants. Taken together, our study extensively characterized the genetic architecture of lipophilic compounds in tomato and demonstrated at molecular level that release of free fatty acids from the glycerol backbone can have a major impact on downstream volatile synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Garbowicz
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany; Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Denise Tieman
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mark Taylor
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Itai Ofner
- Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Dani Zamir
- Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Harry J Klee
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany; Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Watanabe M, Netzer F, Tohge T, Orf I, Brotman Y, Dubbert D, Fernie AR, Rennenberg H, Hoefgen R, Herschbach C. Metabolome and Lipidome Profiles of Populus × canescens Twig Tissues During Annual Growth Show Phospholipid-Linked Storage and Mobilization of C, N, and S. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1292. [PMID: 30233628 PMCID: PMC6133996 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The temperate climax tree species Fagus sylvatica and the floodplain tree species Populus × canescens possess contrasting phosphorus (P) nutrition strategies. While F. sylvatica has been documented to display P storage and mobilization (Netzer et al., 2017), this was not observed for Populus × canescens (Netzer et al., 2018b). Nevertheless, changes in the abundance of organic bound P in gray poplar trees indicated adaptation of the P nutrition to different needs during annual growth. The present study aimed at characterizing seasonal changes in metabolite and lipid abundances in gray poplar and uncovering differences in metabolite requirement due to specific needs depending on the season. Seasonal variations in the abundance of (i) sugar-Ps and phospholipids, (ii) amino acids, (iii) sulfur compounds, and (iv) carbon metabolites were expected. It was hypothesized that seasonal changes in metabolite levels relate to N, S, and C storage and mobilization. Changes in organic metabolites binding Pi (Porg) are supposed to support these processes. Variation in triacylglycerols, in sugar-phosphates, in metabolites of the TCA cycle and in the amino acid abundance of poplar twig buds, leaves, bark, and wood were found to be linked to changes in metabolite abundances as well as to C, N, and S storage and mobilization processes. The observed changes support the view of a lack of any P storage in poplar. Yet, during dormancy, contents of phospholipids in twig bark and wood were highest probably due to frost-hardening and to its function in extra-plastidic membranes such as amyloplasts, oleosomes, and protein bodies. Consistent with this assumption, in spring sugar-Ps increased when phospholipids declined and poplar plants entering the vegetative growth period and, hence, metabolic activity increases. These results indicate that poplar trees adopt a policy of P nutrition without P storage and mobilization that is different from their N- and S-nutrition strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mutsumi Watanabe
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Potsdam, Germany
- NARA Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Florian Netzer
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Chair of Ecosystem Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Takayuki Tohge
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Potsdam, Germany
- NARA Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Isabel Orf
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - David Dubbert
- Chair of Ecosystem Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Hoefgen
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Cornelia Herschbach
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Chair of Ecosystem Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Zhao Y, Huang Y, Wang Y, Cui Y, Liu Z, Hua J. RNA interference of GhPEPC2 enhanced seed oil accumulation and salt tolerance in Upland cotton. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 271:52-61. [PMID: 29650157 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) mainly produces oxaloacetic acid for tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Here we reported that GhPEPC2 silencing with PEPC2-RNAi vector could regulate oil and protein accumulation in cottonseeds. In GhPEPC2 transgenic plants, PEPCase activities in immature embryos were significantly reduced, and the oil content in seed kernel was increased 7.3 percentages, whereas total proteins decreased 5.65 percentages. Compared to wild type, agronomical traits of transgenic plant were obviously unaffected. Furthermore, gene expression profile of GhPEPC2 transgenic seeds were investigated using RNA-seq, most lipid synthesis related genes were up-regulated, but amino acid metabolic related genes were down-regulated. In addition, the GhPEPC2 transgenic cotton seedlings were stressed using sodium salts at seedling stage, and the salt tolerance was significantly enhanced. Our observations of GhPEPC2 in cotton would shade light on understanding the regulation of oil content, protein accumulation and salt tolerance enhancement in other plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Zhao
- Laboratory of Cotton Genetics, Genomics and Breeding/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yi Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Yumei Wang
- Research Institute of Cash Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China.
| | - Yupeng Cui
- Laboratory of Cotton Genetics, Genomics and Breeding/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Zhengjie Liu
- Laboratory of Cotton Genetics, Genomics and Breeding/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jinping Hua
- Laboratory of Cotton Genetics, Genomics and Breeding/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
|
92
|
Liu YC, Gunawan F, Yunus IS, Nakamura Y. Arabidopsis Serine Decarboxylase 1 (SDC1) in Phospholipid and Amino Acid Metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:972. [PMID: 30108598 PMCID: PMC6080597 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana serine decarboxylase 1 (SDC1) catalyzes conversion of serine to ethanolamine, the first reaction step of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis. However, an involvement of SDC1 in amino acid metabolism remains elusive despite that serine is the substrate of SDC1. Here, we showed that SDC1 localizes in mitochondria although phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine are known to be produced in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Moreover, we found that overexpression of SDC1 decreased levels of amino acid compounds derived from mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle. These results suggest that mitochondria-localized SDC1 plays an important role in both phospholipid and amino acid metabolism in A. thaliana.
Collapse
|