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Shoraka HR, Aboubakri O, Naghibzadeh-Tahami A, Mollaei HR, Bagherinezhad Z, Malekpour Afshar R, Shahesmaeili A. Prevalence of JC and BK viruses in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1499-1509. [PMID: 32592342 PMCID: PMC7568898 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.6.1499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polyomaviruses including BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV) are widespread in human and have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) in some studies. The aim of present systematic review and meta-analysis article is to calculate the pooled prevalence of BKV and JCV in patients with CRC and assessing their association with this malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Domestic databases and Sciences Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Sciences and Scopus were searched for relevant articles up to 2nd June 2019Two independent reviewers extracted the related data from eligible articles. The pooled prevalence and pooled odds ratio (POR) and their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated using "metaprop" and "metan" commands in Stata 14. Where I2 statistics were >50%, the random effect model was used. RESULTS From 1461 relevant studies, 24 articles were eligible and included in the qualitative while 19 articles included in quantitative analysis. The pooled prevalence based on diagnostic methods varies from 29% using immunohistochemistry to 52% using nested-PCR method. The likelihood of being infected with JCV was significantly higher in CRC patients compared to healthy (POR: 4.41, 95% CI: 2.13 - 9.13) controls, normal adjacent mucosa (POR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.3-5.9) and colorectal adenoma (POR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.5-6.5) but was not significant when non-CRC patients used as control group. CONCLUSION The prevalence of JCV in colorectal patients was substantially variable by different methods and targets. The significant association between JCV and CRC that was observed in the present study is not indicative of causation and should be studied more in large-scale prospective designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Shoraka
- Vector-Borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
| | - Omid Aboubakri
- Faculty of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Mollaei
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman. Iran.
| | - Zohreh Bagherinezhad
- Librarian, Health faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Library and Information Science, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Reza Malekpour Afshar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institue of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Armita Shahesmaeili
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating center for HIV surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Giannecchini S. Evidence of the Mechanism by Which Polyomaviruses Exploit the Extracellular Vesicle Delivery System during Infection. Viruses 2020; 12:v12060585. [PMID: 32471033 PMCID: PMC7354590 DOI: 10.3390/v12060585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that human viruses can hijack extracellular vesicles (EVs) to deliver proteins, mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and whole viral particles during viral persistence in the host. Human polyomavirus (PyV) miRNAs, which downregulate large T-antigen expression and target host factors, help the virus escape immune elimination and may have roles in the success of viral persistence/replication and the development of diseases. In this context, several investigations have detected PyV miRNAs in EVs obtained from cell culture supernatants after viral infection, demonstrating the ability of these vesicles to deliver miRNAs to uninfected cells, potentially counteracting new viral infection. Additionally, PyV miRNAs have been identified in EVs derived from the biological fluids of clinical samples obtained from patients with or at risk of severe PyV-associated diseases and from asymptomatic control healthy subjects. Interestingly, PyV miRNAs were found to be circulating in blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva samples from patients despite their PyV DNA status. Recently, the association between EVs and PyV viral particles was reported, demonstrating the ability of PyV viral particles to enter the cell without natural receptor-mediated entry and evade antibody-mediated neutralization or to be neutralized at a step different from that of the neutralization of naked whole viral particles. All these data point toward a potential role of the association between PyVs with EVs in viral persistence, suggesting that further work to define the implication of this interaction in viral reactivation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Giannecchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, I-50134 Florence, Italy
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Scribano S, Guerrini M, Arvia R, Guasti D, Nardini P, Romagnoli P, Giannecchini S. Archetype JC polyomavirus DNA associated with extracellular vesicles circulates in human plasma samples. J Clin Virol 2020; 128:104435. [PMID: 32442760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) establishes a stable and successful interaction with the host, causing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in immunocompromised subjects. Recently, it has been reported that JCPyV, like other viruses, may exploit extracellular vesicles (EV) in cell cultures. OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of JCPyV-DNA in EV circulating in human plasma obtained from patients at risk for PML. STUDY DESIGN JCPyV-DNA status was studied in EV obtained from 170 plasma samples collected from 120 HIV positive patients and 50 healthy donors. EV were extracted from plasma and characterized by Nanoparticle tracking analysis, by western blot for presence of tetraspanin CD63, CD81, annexin II, cythocrome C protein and, finally, by immunoelectron microscopy (IEM). Presence and quantitation of JCPyV-DNA were assessed with Multiplex real-time TaqMan PCR assay. RESULTS The JCPyV-DNA plasma prevalence in 120 HIV positive patients and 50 healthy donors was 28% and 4%, respectively. The investigation performed on well-characterized plasma EV reported JCPyV-DNA detection in 15 out of 36 (42%) of the viremic samples (14 were from HIV patients and 1 from healthy people) at a mean level of 23.5 copies/mL. The examination of EV selected samples reported the percentage of JCPyV-DNA in EV of 5.4% of the total viral load. Moreover, IEM reported the presence of JCPyV Vp1 antigen in plasma-derived EV. CONCLUSION The potential role of EV-associated JCPyV-DNA open new avenues and mechanistic insights into the molecular strategies adopted by this polyomavirus to persist in the host and spread to the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Scribano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mirko Guerrini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rosaria Arvia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniele Guasti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nardini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Romagnoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Giannecchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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Song M, Bassig BA, Bender N, Goedert JJ, Winkler CA, Brenner N, Waterboer T, Rabkin CS. Associations of Viral Seroreactivity with AIDS-Related Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:381-388. [PMID: 31789046 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with substantially increased incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). This risk may be driven, in part, by reduced immune control over viral infections in the setting of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), although the lymphomagenic mechanisms are not yet established. We used bead-based multiplex assays to measure antibody seroreactivity to 32 viral antigens representing 22 different viral infections (human herpesviruses 1-8, hepatitis B and C virus, human T-lymphotropic virus type-1, and human polyomaviruses) in two prospective HIV cohorts. Incident (n = 28) and prevalent (n = 38) AIDS-related NHL cases were matched by age, sex, race, and CD4 count to 67 HIV-positive control individuals without AIDS-NHL. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations of AIDS-NHL with the number of different viruses to which an individual was seropositive and seroreactivity to individual antigens. Seropositivity to an increasing number of viruses was inversely associated with AIDS-NHL (OR per virus = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72-0.98). Seroreactivity to herpes simplex virus 2 2mgG unique antigen (OR = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.23-0.97) and to WU polyomavirus viral capsid protein (OR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.10-0.65) was significantly lower in AIDS-NHL cases compared to controls. In this evaluation of antibodies to multiple viruses, we observed an inverse association between seropositivity to a larger number of viruses and AIDS-NHL. While in need of further evaluation, our data raise the novel hypothesis that insufficient exposures or impaired humoral immune responses to viral infections may be associated with AIDS-related lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyo Song
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bryan A. Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Noemi Bender
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James J. Goedert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cheryl A. Winkler
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicole Brenner
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charles S. Rabkin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Extensive Genetic Diversity of Polyomaviruses in Sympatric Bat Communities: Host Switching versus Coevolution. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.02101-19. [PMID: 32075934 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02101-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyomaviruses (PyVs) are small DNA viruses carried by diverse vertebrates. The evolutionary relationships of viruses and hosts remain largely unclear due to very limited surveillance in sympatric communities. In order to investigate whether PyVs can transmit among different mammalian species and to identify host-switching events in the field, we conducted a systematic study of a large collection of bats (n = 1,083) from 29 sympatric communities across China which contained multiple species with frequent contact. PyVs were detected in 21 bat communities, with 192 PyVs identified in 186 bats from 15 species within 6 families representing at least 28 newly described PyVs. Surveillance results and phylogenetic analyses surprisingly revealed three interfamily PyV host-switching events in these sympatric bat communities: two distinct PyVs were identified in two bat species in restricted geographical locations, while another PyV clustered phylogenetically with PyVs carried by bats from a different host family. Virus-host relationships of all discovered PyVs were also evaluated, and no additional host-switching events were found. PyVs were identified in different horseshoe bat species in sympatric communities without observation of host-switching events, showed high genomic identities, and clustered with each other. This suggested that even for PyVs with high genomic identities in closely related host species, the potential for host switching is low. In summary, our findings revealed that PyV host switching in sympatric bat communities can occur but is limited and that host switching of bat-borne PyVs is relatively rare on the predominantly evolutionary background of codivergence with their hosts.IMPORTANCE Since the discovery of murine polyomavirus in the 1950s, polyomaviruses (PyVs) have been considered highly host restricted in mammals. Sympatric bat communities commonly contain several different bat species in an ecological niche facilitating viral transmission, and they therefore represent a model to identify host-switching events of PyVs. In this study, we screened PyVs in a large number of bats in sympatric communities from diverse habitats across China. We provide evidence that cross-species bat-borne PyV transmission exists, though is limited, and that host-switching events appear relatively rare during the evolutionary history of these viruses. PyVs with close genomic identities were also identified in different bat species without host-switching events. Based on these findings, we propose an evolutionary scheme for bat-borne PyVs in which limited host-switching events occur on the background of codivergence and lineage duplication, generating the viral genetic diversity in bats.
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Águeda-Pinto A, Kraberger S, Lund MC, Gortázar C, McFadden G, Varsani A, Esteves PJ. Coinfections of Novel Polyomavirus, Anelloviruses and a Recombinant Strain of Myxoma Virus-MYXV-Tol Identified in Iberian Hares. Viruses 2020; 12:E340. [PMID: 32244962 PMCID: PMC7150814 DOI: 10.3390/v12030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are ubiquitous in nature; however, very few have been identified in the Leporid species. In the fall of 2018, an outbreak of myxomatosis in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) was reported in Spain and a novel recombinant myxoma virus strain (MYXV-Tol) was identified. To investigate variability within the recombinant region of the MYXV-Tol and identify any potential viral coinfections, samples (ear, eyelid or vaginal) of Iberian hares were collected from Spain and analyzed. The presence of the recombinant region of the MYXV-Tol was confirmed in six out of eleven samples analyzed. Additionally, a polyomavirus (family Polyomaviridae), representing a putative new species, and anelloviruses (family Anelloviridae) belonging to two putative species were identified, some as coinfection with the recombinant MYXV-Tol. The two polyomavirus genomes were identified in two hares and share >99% genome-wide identity. Based on the analysis of their large T-antigen, the new polyomavirus clusters in a distant clade from other mammals sharing <64% amino acid identity. A total of 14 anelloviruses were identified, which share 63-99% genome-wide identity. Overall, our results show a coinfection of different DNA viruses in the studied samples and raise awareness regarding the extensive unsampled diversity of viruses in hares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Águeda-Pinto
- CIBIO/InBio—Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal;
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (S.K.); (G.M.)
| | - Simona Kraberger
- Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (S.K.); (G.M.)
- The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Center for Evolution and Medicine and School of Life sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;
| | - Michael C. Lund
- The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Center for Evolution and Medicine and School of Life sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;
| | - Christian Gortázar
- SaBio Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo, 28005 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - Grant McFadden
- Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (S.K.); (G.M.)
| | - Arvind Varsani
- The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Center for Evolution and Medicine and School of Life sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;
- Structural Biology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Pedro J. Esteves
- CIBIO/InBio—Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal;
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CITS—Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias da Saúde, IPSN, CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both the USA and the world. Recent research has demonstrated the involvement of the gut microbiota in CRC development and progression. Microbial biomarkers of disease have focused primarily on the bacterial component of the microbiome; however, the viral portion of the microbiome, consisting of both bacteriophages and eukaryotic viruses, together known as the virome, has been lesser studied. Here we review the recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies and bioinformatics, which have enabled scientists to better understand how viruses might influence the development of colorectal cancer. We discuss the contemporary findings revealing modulations in the virome and their correlation with CRC development and progression. While a variety of challenges still face viral HTS detection in clinical specimens, we consider herein numerous next steps for future basic and clinical research. Clinicians need to move away from a single infectious agent model for disease etiology by grasping new, more encompassing etiological paradigms, in which communities of various microbial components interact with each other and the host. The reporting and indexing of patient health information, socioeconomic data, and other relevant metadata will enable identification of predictive variables and covariates of viral presence and CRC development. Altogether, the virome has a more profound role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression than once thought, and viruses, specific for either human cells or bacteria, are clinically relevant in understanding CRC pathology, patient prognosis, and treatment development.
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Tahseen D, Rady PL, Tyring SK. Human polyomavirus modulation of the host DNA damage response. Virus Genes 2020; 56:128-135. [PMID: 31997082 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-020-01736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The human DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex signaling network constituting many factors responsible for the preservation of genomic integrity. Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) are able to harness the DDR machinery during their infectious cycle by expressing an array of tumor (T) antigens. These molecular interactions between human polyomavirus T antigens and the DDR create conditions that promote viral replication at the expense of host genomic stability to cause disease as well as carcinogenesis in the cases of the Merkel cell polyomavirus and BK polyomavirus. This review focuses on the six HPyVs with disease association, emphasizing strain-dependent differences in their selective manipulation of the DDR. Appreciation of the HPyV-DDR interface at a molecular scale is conducive to the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyal Tahseen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Medical School At Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Peter L Rady
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Medical School At Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stephen K Tyring
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Medical School At Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Muñoz JP, Blanco R, Osorio JC, Oliva C, Diaz MJ, Carrillo-Beltrán D, Aguayo R, Castillo A, Tapia JC, Calaf GM, Gaggero A, Aguayo F. Merkel cell polyomavirus detected in head and neck carcinomas from Chile. Infect Agent Cancer 2020; 15:4. [PMID: 32002023 PMCID: PMC6986106 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-0276-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) in epithelial tumors such as head and neck carcinomas (HNSCCs) including oral and oropharyngeal carcinomas has not been established. In this study, we evaluated for the first time the presence of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), BK human polyomavirus (BKPyV), and JC human polyomavirus (JCPyV) in HNSCCs from Chilean subjects. Methods One hundred and twenty HNSCCs were analyzed for the presence of MCPyV, BKPyV and JCPyV using real-time polymerase chain reaction procedures. In addition, 54 oral brushes from age- and sex-paired subjects were analyzed. Results Of the total of 120 HNSCCs, 15 were positive for MCPyV (12.5%). Only one case was positive for BKPyV (0.8%) and none for JCPyV (0%). In subjects without cancer, only one case (1.8%) resulted positive for MCPyV and none for JCPyV and BKPyV. MCPyV was associated with HNSCCs (p = 0.0239; OR = 7.571; 95% CI: 1.192–81.46). No association was found between age (p = 0.1996), gender (p = 0.7111) or differentiation status (p > 0.9999) and MCPyV presence in HNSCCs. Conclusions MCPyVs were detected in HNSCCs from Chilean patients and were not detected in oral brushes from patients without cancer. More studies are warranted for defining an etiological role and clinical/molecular consequences of these viruses in HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Muñoz
- 1Instituto de Alta Investigación (IAI), Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, Chile
| | - Rancés Blanco
- 2Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio C Osorio
- 2Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Oliva
- 2Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María José Diaz
- 2Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Carrillo-Beltrán
- 2Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rebeca Aguayo
- Centro de Salud Familiar "El Roble", Municipalidad de La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Castillo
- 4Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences at Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Julio C Tapia
- 5Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínica, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gloria M Calaf
- 1Instituto de Alta Investigación (IAI), Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, Chile.,6Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Aldo Gaggero
- 2Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Aguayo
- 1Instituto de Alta Investigación (IAI), Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, Chile.,2Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,7Advanced Center for Chronic diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Nehme Z, Pasquereau S, Herbein G. Targeting histone epigenetics to control viral infections. HISTONE MODIFICATIONS IN THERAPY 2020. [PMCID: PMC7453269 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816422-8.00011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During the past decades, many studies have significantly broadened our understanding of complex virus-host interactions to control chromatin structure and dynamics.1, 2 However, the role and impact of such modifications during viral infections is not fully revealed. Indeed, this type of regulation is bidirectional between the virus and the host. While viral replication and gene expression are significantly impacted by histone modifications on the viral chromatin,3 studies have shown that some viral pathogens dynamically manipulate cellular epigenetic factors to enhance their own survival and pathogenesis, as well as escape the immune system defense lines.4 In this dynamic, histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) appear to play fundamental roles in the regulation of chromatin structure and recruitment of other factors.5 Genuinely, those PTMs play a vital role in lytic infection, latency reinforcement, or, conversely, viral reactivation.6 In this chapter, we will examine and review the involvement of histone modifications as well as their potential manipulation to control infections during various viral life cycle stages, highlighting their prospective implications in the clinical management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV, respectively), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), and other viral diseases. Targeting histone modifications is critical in setting the treatment of chronic viral infections with both lytic and latent stages (HIV, HCMV, HSV, RSV), virus-induced cancers (HBV, HCV, EBV, KSHV, HPV), and epidemic/emerging viruses (e.g. influenza virus, arboviruses).
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Ramqvist T, Ortiz-Villalon C, Brandén E, Koyi H, de Petris L, Wagenius G, Brodin O, Reuterswärd C, Dalianis T, Jönsson M, Staaf J, Lewensohn R, Planck M. Analysis of human papillomaviruses and human polyomaviruses in lung cancer from Swedish never-smokers. Acta Oncol 2020; 59:28-32. [PMID: 31460811 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1657588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Ramqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Christian Ortiz-Villalon
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Eva Brandén
- Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Hirsh Koyi
- Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Luigi de Petris
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Wagenius
- National Lung Cancer Registry, Regional Cancer Centre Uppsala Örebro, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ola Brodin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Christel Reuterswärd
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tina Dalianis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mats Jönsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Staaf
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rolf Lewensohn
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Maria Planck
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Gorish BMT, Ournasseir MEH, Shammat IM. Molecular Characterization of BK Polyomavirus’ Large T Antigen Gene Sequences Detected in Prostate Cancer Tissues of Sudanese Patients. Open Virol J 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1874357901913010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
BK virus, which is associated with Prostate Cancer (PCa), have a global seroprevalence in humans. Based on the sequences of VP1 and the Large Antigen (LTAg) genes, there are four subtypes of BKV. Each subtype has its own subgroups.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to identify the BKV subtype that circulates among Sudanese patients with PCa.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 8 samples from our previous work on BKV were studied in this investigation. The LTAg gene was partially amplified (176nt) by a homemade PCR. All the amplicons were purified and subjected to sequencing. Bioedit version 7.0 and Mega X version 6.0 were used to analyze the sequence and compare the results with the BKV sequences and build a phylogenetic tree.
Results:
All the BKV LTAg gene sequences derived from Sudanese patients were classified with Subtype-1 BKV strains from Iran and Japan. Translated protein alignment showed that some isolates had identical amino acids with Iranian and Japanese strains, whereas others had a silent mutation. Interestingly, a point mutation was identified in the sequences of isolate 5 and 8 where adenine nucleotide (A) was replaced with Cytosine (C) at position 276, resulting in amino acid substitution.
Conclusion:
It was concluded that all the BKV isolates which circulated among Sudanese prostate tumor patients belonged to subtype 1. These findings only highlighted the need for the molecular detection and subtyping of BKV strains in Sudanese patients in order to better demonstrate the relationship between BKV infection and PCa.
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Evolution and molecular epidemiology of polyomaviruses. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 79:104150. [PMID: 31870972 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyomaviruses (PyVs) are small DNA viruses that infect several species, including mammals, birds and fishes. Their study gained momentum after the report of previously unidentified viral species in the past decade, and especially, since the description of the first polyomavirus clearly oncogenic for humans. The aim of this work was to review the most relevant aspects of the evolution and molecular epidemiology of polyomaviruses, allowing to reveal general evolutionary patterns and to identify some unaddressed issues and future challenges. The main points analysed included: 1) the species and genera assignation criteria; 2) the hypotheses, mechanisms and timescale of the ancient and recent evolutionary history of polyomaviruses; and 3) the molecular epidemiology of human viruses, with special attention to JC, BK and Merkel cell polyomaviruses.
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Wang Y, Strassl R, Helanterä I, Aberle SW, Bond G, Hedman K, Weseslindtner L. Multiplex analysis of Human Polyomavirus diversity in kidney transplant recipients with BK virus replication. J Clin Virol 2019; 120:6-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gorish BMT, Ournasseir MEH, Shammat IM. A correlation study of BK Polyoma Virus infection and prostate Cancer among Sudanese patients - immunofluorescence and molecular based case-control study. Infect Agent Cancer 2019; 14:25. [PMID: 31548852 PMCID: PMC6751814 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-019-0244-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyomavirus hominis1, also called BK virus (BKV) is a well-known etiological agent of renal transplant nephropathy and cystitis. Recently, it got great attention from the researcher as a principal predisposing factor for different kinds of cancers including prostate cancer (PCa). Thus, this study aims to determine the correlation between BKV infection and PCa through a descriptive case-control based study. Methods A total of 55 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of patients with PCa and another 55 tissue blocks from BPH patients were obtained. In parallel, respective urine samples were collected from all the cases and controls. The existence of BKV large T antigen (LTAg) was analyzed by Direct Immunofluorescence assay. Only BKV LTAg positive specimens were further analyzed for the presence of viral DNA by using a conventional PCR then subjected to viral load quantitation by using Q-PCR. Result BKV LTAg was identified in 30% (17/55) of cases tissue specimens and only in 7% (4/55) of the controls tissue specimens with P-value 0.002 and Odd ratio 5.7. The conventional PCR detects the BKV DNA in 16 out of 17 cases specimens while only two out of four controls specimens were identified with a viral DNA. The mean of the BKV DNA load was higher significantly among cases 6733 ± 6745 copies/ml when compared to controls 509.0 ± 792.9 copies/m with a p-value of 0.002. Conclusion More BKV prevalence with high viral load was observed in PCa patients tissue compared to BPH specimens. PCa Gleason scores 9 and 7 were the most cancer grades identified with the presence of BKV DNA. Our findings are thus consistent with a significant link between the BKV infection and the PCa risk. Prostate or seminal fluids should be selected as principal specimens for future studies and can, therefore, be designated as screening samples to find early virus evidence in the prostate tissue. Detection of early virus evidence may help to reduce the risk of PCa cancer due to BKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babbiker Mohammed Taher Gorish
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | | | - Iman Mohammed Shammat
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan.,2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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66
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Alcendor DJ. BK Polyomavirus Virus Glomerular Tropism: Implications for Virus Reactivation from Latency and Amplification during Immunosuppression. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091477. [PMID: 31533282 PMCID: PMC6780320 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BK polyomavirus (BKPyV), or BKV infection, is ubiquitous and usually non-pathogenic, with subclinical infections in 80–90% of adults worldwide. BKV infection is often associated with pathology in immunocompromised individuals. BKV infection often is associated with renal impairment, including ureteral stenosis, hemorrhagic cystitis, and nephropathy. BKV infection is less commonly associated with pneumonitis, retinitis, liver disease, and meningoencephalitis. BKV is known to replicate, establish latency, undergo reactivation, and induce clinical pathology in renal tubular epithelial cells. However, recent in vitro studies support the notion that BKV has expanded tropism-targeting glomerular parenchymal cells of the human kidney, which could impact glomerular function, enhance inflammation, and serve as viral reservoirs for reactivation from latency during immunosuppression. The implications of BKV expanded tropism in the glomerulus, and how specific host and viral factors that would contribute to glomerular inflammation, cytolysis, and renal fibrosis are related to BKV associated nephropathy (BKVAN), have not been explored. The pathogenesis of BKV in human glomerular parenchymal cells is poorly understood. In this review, I examine target cell populations for BKV infectivity in the human glomerulus. Specifically, I explore the implications of BKV expanded tropism in the glomerulus with regard viral entry, replication, and dissemination via cell types exposed to BKV trafficking in glomerulus. I also describe cellular targets shown to be permissive in vitro and in vivo for BKV infection and lytic replication, the potential role that glomerular parenchymal cells play in BKV latency and/or reactivation after immunosuppression, and the rare occurrence of BKV pathology in glomerular parenchymal cells in patients with BKVAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald J Alcendor
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Hubbard Hospital, 5th Floor, Rm. 5025, Nashville, TN 37208, USA.
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67
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Zhou X, Bai H, Kataoka M, Ito M, Muramatsu M, Suzuki T, Li TC. Characterization of the self-assembly of New Jersey polyomavirus VP1 into virus-like particles and the virus seroprevalence in Japan. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13085. [PMID: 31511622 PMCID: PMC6739320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49541-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
New Jersey polyomavirus (NJPyV) was discovered in 2014 in a pancreatic transplant recipient’s vascular endothelial cells. Here, in the recombinant baculovirus system, VP1 protein of NJPyV expressed in insect cells was processed. The protein self-assembled into virus-like particles (NJPyV-LPs) in a cell-type-dependent manner, and the particles were then released into the culture media. Spherical ~50-nm-dia. NJPyV-LPs of uniform size with morphology resembling that of the native particles of polyomaviruses were purified from the fraction at 1.33 g/cm3 in supernatants of VP1-expressing Sf9 cells. We investigated the antigenic properties of purified NJPyV-LPs and performed a VLP-based enzyme immunoassay to determine the age-specific prevalence of NJPyV infection in a general Japanese population aged 1–70 years. The overall seropositivity rate of anti-NJPyV antibodies was only 1.8%. This might be explained by the low circulation of NJPyV in Japan. This is the first report of a large-scale serological survey of NJPyV in Asia (n = 1,050).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Zhou
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.,Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.,The Collaboration Unit for Field Epidemiology of the State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Bai
- Department of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014060, P.R. China
| | - Michiyo Kataoka
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ito
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Masamichi Muramatsu
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Suzuki
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Tian-Cheng Li
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
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68
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Moens U, Macdonald A. Effect of the Large and Small T-Antigens of Human Polyomaviruses on Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163914. [PMID: 31408949 PMCID: PMC6720190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are intracellular parasites that require a permissive host cell to express the viral genome and to produce new progeny virus particles. However, not all viral infections are productive and some viruses can induce carcinogenesis. Irrespective of the type of infection (productive or neoplastic), viruses hijack the host cell machinery to permit optimal viral replication or to transform the infected cell into a tumor cell. One mechanism viruses employ to reprogram the host cell is through interference with signaling pathways. Polyomaviruses are naked, double-stranded DNA viruses whose genome encodes the regulatory proteins large T-antigen and small t-antigen, and structural proteins that form the capsid. The large T-antigens and small t-antigens can interfere with several host signaling pathways. In this case, we review the interplay between the large T-antigens and small t-antigens with host signaling pathways and the biological consequences of these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Moens
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Andrew Macdonald
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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Masieri L, Sessa F, Mari A, Campi R, Cito G, Verrienti P, Nozzoli C, Saccardi R, Sforza S, Di Maida F, Grosso AA, Carini M, Minervini A. Intravesical application of platelet-rich plasma in patients with persistent haemorrhagic cystitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single-centre preliminary experience. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:1715-1720. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Pierrotti LC, Urbano PRP, Nali LHDS, Romano CM, Bicalho CDS, Arnone M, Valente NS, Pannuti CS, David-Neto E, Azevedo LS. Viremia and viruria of trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus before the development of clinical disease in a kidney transplant recipient. Transpl Infect Dis 2019; 21:e13133. [PMID: 31233669 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is a rare disease associated with immunosuppression and induced by a polyomavirus denominated Tricodisplasia Polyomavirus (TSPyV). We report a case of TS 6 months after kidney transplantation in a 65 years-old woman under immunosuppression therapy with prednisone, mycophenolate and tacrolimus. The patient developed follicular papules on the face with a thickening of the skin and alopecia of the eyebrows, leading to distortion of the face and a leonine appearance characteristic of the disease. The skin biopsy confirmed the clinical diagnosis and the presence of TSPyV DNA in the skin was detected. Staining for SV40 was positive. Immunosuppression was changed: mycophenolate was withdrawn, tacrolimus reduced and everolimus added. Intravenous cidofovir and later on leflunomide were added. Although the literature has reported clinical success with topical cidofovir, we were unable to use it because this drug is not available. There was an improvement of skin lesions and on cosmetic appearance. The patient had three rejections (one clinically diagnosed and two other biopsy proven), progressed with renal failure and graft loss. Retrospective analysis of stored urine and blood samples detected TSPyV DNA in some of those samples two months before the TS clinical development. This case highlights the TSPyV detection in blood and urine samples before the development of skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Camera Pierrotti
- Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Malta Romano
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila da Silva Bicalho
- Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Arnone
- Departamento de Dermatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neusa Sakai Valente
- Departamento de Dermatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Sérgio Pannuti
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elias David-Neto
- Divisão de Clínica Urológica, Faculdade de Medicina, Serviço de Transplante Renal, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Sérgio Azevedo
- Divisão de Clínica Urológica, Faculdade de Medicina, Serviço de Transplante Renal, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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71
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Ciotti M, Prezioso C, Pietropaolo V. An overview on human polyomaviruses biology and related diseases. Future Virol 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2019-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the Polyomaviridae family grew rapidly, thanks to the introduction of high-throughput molecular techniques. To date, 14 polyomaviruses have been identified in humans but the association with human diseases has been established only for few of them. BKPyV has been associated with nephropathy in kidney transplant patients and hemorrhagic cystitis in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients; JCPyV to progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, mainly in HIV-positive patients; Merkel cell polyomavirus to Merkel cell carcinoma; Trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus to the rare skin disease Trichodysplasia spinulosa; human polyomaviruses 6 and 7 to pruritic rash. Immunocompromised patients are at risk of developing disease. Here, we summarized and discussed the scientific literature concerning the human polyomaviruses biology, seroprevalence and association with human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ciotti
- Laboratory of Virology, Polyclinic Tor Vergata Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Prezioso
- Department of Public Health & Infectious Diseases, ‘Sapienza’ University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Pietropaolo
- Department of Public Health & Infectious Diseases, ‘Sapienza’ University, 00185 Rome, Italy
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72
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Popik W, Khatua AK, Fabre NF, Hildreth JEK, Alcendor DJ. BK Virus Replication in the Glomerular Vascular Unit: Implications for BK Virus Associated Nephropathy. Viruses 2019; 11:E583. [PMID: 31252545 PMCID: PMC6669441 DOI: 10.3390/v11070583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BK polyomavirus (BKV) reactivates from latency after immunosuppression in renal transplant patients, resulting in BKV-associated nephropathy (BKVAN). BKVAN has emerged as an important cause of graft dysfunction and graft loss among transplant patients. BKV infection in kidney transplant patients has increased over recent decades which correlates with the use of more potent immunosuppressive therapies. BKV infection of the Glomerular Vascular Unit (GVU) consisting of podocytes, mesangial cells, and glomerular endothelial cells could lead to glomerular inflammation and contribute to renal fibrosis. The effects of BKV on GVU infectivity have not been reported. METHODS We infected GVU cells with the Dunlop strain of BKV. Viral infectivity was analyzed by microscopy, immunofluorescence, Western blot analysis, and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression of specific proinflammatory cytokines induced by BKV was analyzed by qRT-PCR. RESULTS BKV infection of podocytes, mesangial cells, and glomerular endothelial cells was confirmed by qRT-PCR and positive staining with antibodies to the BKV VP1 major capsid protein, or the SV40 Large T-Antigen. The increased transcriptional expression of interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (CXCL10/IP-10) and interferon beta (IFNβ) was detected in podocytes and mesangial cells at 96 h post-infection. CONCLUSIONS All cellular components of the GVU are permissive for BKV replication. Cytopathic effects induced by BKV in podocytes and glomerular endothelial cells and the expression of CXCL10 and IFNβ genes by podocytes and mesangial cells may together contribute to glomerular inflammation and cytopathology in BKVAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Popik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208-3599, USA
| | - Atanu K Khatua
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Nashville, TN 37208-3599, USA
| | - Noyna F Fabre
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Nashville, TN 37208-3599, USA
| | - James E K Hildreth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208-3599, USA
| | - Donald J Alcendor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Nashville, TN 37208-3599, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meharry Medical College, School of Medicine, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Nashville, TN 37208-3599, USA.
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73
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Dowran R, Joharinia N, Safaei A, Bakhtiyarizadeh S, Alidadi Soleimani A, Alizadeh R, Mir-Shiri S, Sarvari J. No detection of EBV, BKV and JCV in breast cancer tissue samples in Iran. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:171. [PMID: 30909983 PMCID: PMC6434965 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most common cancer amongst women is breast cancer. Reports on the role of EBV, BKV, and JCV in the development of breast cancer are controversial. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of EBV, BKV, and JCV in malignant breast tumors in comparison with benign ones. RESULTS A total of 300 breast biopsy tissues were included, of which 150 were malignant and 150 benign. After deparaffinization, tissues were subjected to DNA extraction. β-globin gene was amplified by PCR to evaluate the quality of extracted DNA. In house PCRs assay was performed to detect EBV, JCV, and BKV genome fragment. The mean age of malignant and benign groups was 45.0 ± 9.4 and 35.2 ± 12.1 years old. Out of 150 malignant samples, 146 were ductal, two lobular and two samples both invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma. In the benign group, 96, 52 and two samples were fibroadenoma, fibrocystic, and adenosis types, respectively. Genomic DNA fragment of EBV, BKV, and JCV was not found in any of the malignant and benign breast tissues. CONCLUSION According to our finding, there is the possibility that EBV, BKV, and JCV are not involved in breast cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Dowran
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Joharinia
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akbar Safaei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sahar Bakhtiyarizadeh
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abootaleb Alidadi Soleimani
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rasool Alizadeh
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Mir-Shiri
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamal Sarvari
- Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. .,Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Baier M, Rustmeier NH, Harr J, Cyrus N, Reiss GJ, Grafmüller A, Blaum BS, Stehle T, Hartmann L. Divalent Sialylated Precision Glycooligomers Binding to Polyomaviruses and the Effect of Different Linkers. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800426. [PMID: 30884172 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Divalent precision glycooligomers terminating in N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) or 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) with varying linkers between scaffold and the glycan portions are synthesized via solid phase synthesis for co-crystallization studies with the sialic acid-binding major capsid protein VP1 of human Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated Polyomavirus. High-resolution crystal structures of complexes demonstrate that the compounds bind to VP1 depending on the favorable combination of carbohydrate ligand and linker. It is found that artificial linkers can replace portions of natural carbohydrate linkers as long as they meet certain requirements such as size or flexibility to optimize contact area between ligand and receptor binding sites. The obtained results will influence the design of future high affinity ligands based on the structures presented here, and they can serve as a blueprint to develop multivalent glycooligomers as inhibitors of viral adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Baier
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Nils H Rustmeier
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Harr
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Norbert Cyrus
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Guido J Reiss
- Institute of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Grafmüller
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bärbel S Blaum
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Thilo Stehle
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232, USA
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
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75
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Elfadawy N, Yamada M, Sarabu N. Management of BK Polyomavirus Infection in Kidney and Kidney-Pancreas Transplant Recipients: A Review Article. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2018; 32:599-613. [PMID: 30146025 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BK virus (BKV) can cause graft dysfunction or failure in kidney transplant recipients and hemorrhagic cystitis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. BKV-associated nephropathy (BKVAN) emerged as a common complication in the late 1990s, probably due to the introduction of potent immunosuppressive agents. BKVAN occurred in up to 5% of kidney transplant recipients, with graft failure in up to 70%. Since universal implementation of effective screening and treatment strategies, BKV is no longer a common cause of graft failure; reported graft loss is only 0% to 5%. This article briefly describes BK virology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissreen Elfadawy
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospitals, Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Masaaki Yamada
- Division of Nephrology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Suite 6213, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0585, USA
| | - Nagaraju Sarabu
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospitals, Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Jagannath S, Sachithanandham J, Ramalingam VV, Demosthenes JP, Abraham AM, Zachariah A, Varghese GM, Kannangai R. BK virus characterisation among HIV-1-Infected individuals and its association with immunosuppression. Indian J Med Microbiol 2018; 36:172-177. [PMID: 30084406 DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_18_54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Purpose BK virus (BKV) is an opportunistic pathogen which causes significant morbidity and mortality in individuals who are immunodeficient. We aimed to quantitate and characterise BKV and to correlate with the degree of immunosuppression among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected individuals. Methods BKV DNA detection was carried out using an in-house quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction on paired whole-blood and urine samples collected from 187 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals and 93 healthy individuals who served as controls. Sequencing was performed for a proportion of high BK viral load (VL) samples to observe non-coding control region (NCCR) rearrangements. Results BKV positivity in urine was 25.6% among HIV-infected individuals and 10.7% in control individuals (P = 0.03). The BK VL showed a significant negative correlation with CD4+ T-cell counts, a positive correlation with WHO clinical staging and no significant correlation with HIV-1 VL. Of 42 BKVs from urine samples sequenced, two showed rearrangements without clinically severe disease or high VL. Their NCCR and VP1 sequence-based genotyping revealed genotype I. In a small subset of individuals (n = 8) on ART who were being followed up, six individuals showed either decrease or complete clearance of virus with ART. Conclusion There was a higher frequency of BK viruria in HIV-1-infected individuals than among healthy controls and the positivity correlated with the degree of immunosuppression. There was no association of high VL with NCCR rearrangements in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subha Jagannath
- Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Veena V Ramalingam
- Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - John Paul Demosthenes
- Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Asha M Abraham
- Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anand Zachariah
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - George M Varghese
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajesh Kannangai
- Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kourieh A, Combes JD, Tommasino M, Dalstein V, Clifford GM, Lacau St Guily J, Clavel C, Franceschi S, Gheit T, For The Split Study Group. Prevalence and risk factors of human polyomavirus infections in non-malignant tonsils and gargles: the SPLIT study. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:1686-1698. [PMID: 30407150 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of 13 polyomaviruses (PyVs) in the tonsil brushings and gargles of immunocompetent children and adults was assessed. Patients undergoing tonsillectomy for benign indications were recruited in 19 centres in France. After resection, the entire outer surface of the right and left halves of the tonsils was brushed extensively. Gargles were also collected prior to surgery in selected adults. A species-specific multiplex assay was used to detect the DNA of 13 PyVs. In tonsil brushings (n=689), human PyV 6 (HPyV6) and Merkel cell PyV (MCPyV) were the most prevalent (≈15 %), followed by trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated PyV (TSPyV), BKPyV, Washington University PyV (WUPyV) and human PyV 9 (HPyV9) (1 to 5 %), and human PyV 7 (HPyV7), John Cunningham PyV (JCPyV) and Simian virus 40 (SV40) (<1 %), while no Karolinska Institute PyV (KIPyV), Malawi PyV (MWPyV), human PyV 12 (HPyV12) or Lyon IARC PyV (LIPyV) were detected. The prevalence of TSPyV and BKPyV was significantly higher in children versus adults, whereas for HPyV6 the opposite was found. HPyV6 and WUPyV were significantly more prevalent in men versus women. In gargles (n=139), MCPyV was the most prevalent (≈40 %), followed by HPyV6, HPyV9 and LIPyV (2 to 4 %), and then BKPyV (≈1 %), while other PyVs were not detected. MCPyV and LIPyV were significantly more prevalent in gargles compared to tonsil brushings, in contrast to HPyV6. We described differing patterns of individual PyV infections in tonsils and gargles in a large age-stratified population. Comparison of the spectrum of PyVs in paired tonsil samples and gargles adds to the current knowledge on PyV epidemiology, contributing towards a better understanding of PyV acquisition and transmission and its potential role in head and neck diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboud Kourieh
- 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Jean-Damien Combes
- 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Véronique Dalstein
- 2CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Laboratoire Biopathologie, 51092 Reims, France
- 3INSERM, UMR-S 1250, 51092 Reims, France
- 4Faculté de Médecine, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France
| | - Gary M Clifford
- 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Jean Lacau St Guily
- 5Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- 6Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christine Clavel
- 2CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Laboratoire Biopathologie, 51092 Reims, France
- 3INSERM, UMR-S 1250, 51092 Reims, France
- 4Faculté de Médecine, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- 7Aviano Cancer Centre, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Tarik Gheit
- 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
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Chechetkin VR, Lobzin VV. Genome packaging within icosahedral capsids and large-scale segmentation in viral genomic sequences. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:2322-2338. [PMID: 30044190 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1479660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The assembly and maturation of viruses with icosahedral capsids must be coordinated with icosahedral symmetry. The icosahedral symmetry imposes also the restrictions on the cooperative specific interactions between genomic RNA/DNA and coat proteins that should be reflected in quasi-regular segmentation of viral genomic sequences. Combining discrete direct and double Fourier transforms, we studied the quasi-regular large-scale segmentation in genomic sequences of different ssRNA, ssDNA, and dsDNA viruses. The particular representatives included satellite tobacco mosaic virus (STMV) and the strains of satellite tobacco necrosis virus (STNV), STNV-C, STNV-1, STNV-2, Escherichia phages MS2, ϕX174, α3, and HK97, and Simian virus 40. In all their genomes, we found the significant quasi-regular segmentation of genomic sequences related to the virion assembly and the genome packaging within icosahedral capsid. We also found good correspondence between our results and available cryo-electron microscopy data on capsid structures and genome packaging in these viruses. Fourier analysis of genomic sequences provides the additional insight into mechanisms of hierarchical genome packaging and may be used for verification of the concepts of 3-fold or 5-fold intermediates in virion assembly. The results of sequence analysis should be taken into account at the choice of models and data interpretation. They also may be helpful for the development of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Chechetkin
- a Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia.,b Theoretical Department of Division for Perspective Investigations , Troitsk Institute of Innovation and Thermonuclear Investigations (TRINITI) , Moscow , Troitsk District , Russia
| | - V V Lobzin
- c School of Physics , University of Sydney , Sydney , NSW , Australia
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79
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Odetola OE, Isaila B, Pambuccian SE, Barkan GA. Unusual BK polyomavirus-associated urologic malignancies in renal transplant recipients: Report of two cases and review of the literature. Diagn Cytopathol 2018; 46:1050-1059. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.24044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatobi E. Odetola
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Loyola University Medical Center; Maywood Illinois
| | - Bogdan Isaila
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Loyola University Medical Center; Maywood Illinois
| | - Stefan E. Pambuccian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Loyola University Medical Center; Maywood Illinois
| | - Güliz A. Barkan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Loyola University Medical Center; Maywood Illinois
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80
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Bicalho CS, Oliveira RDR, David DR, Fink MCDS, Agena F, Castro MC, Panutti C, David-Neto E, Pierrotti LC. Determination of viremia cut-off for risk to develop BKPyV-associated nephropathy among kidney transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2018; 20:e12969. [PMID: 30074295 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BK polyomavirus (BKPyV)-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) is a consequence of BKPyV replication in the urinary tract in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). OBJECTIVES The objectives were to determine the prevalence of BKPyV replication and BKPyVAN, risk factors associated to sustained viremia and BKPyVAN, and viremia cut-off that best predict the occurrence of sustained viremia and nephropathy in KTR of a single University Hospital Kidney Transplant Center. PATIENTS AND METHODS All KTR undergoing transplantation from August 2010 to December 2011 were enrolled and monitored up to 2 years posttransplantation for BKPyV viruria by decoy cells shedding or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and viremia by PCR. Kidney biopsy was indicated if sustained viremia (two or more viremia above 10 000 copies/mL) to confirm BKPyVAN diagnosis. RESULTS In this study, 326 transplants were performed and 246 patients were included. Prevalence of viruria was 36.9%, viremia 22.3% and nephropathy 3.2%. Male gender was the only risk factor associated to sustained viremia or nephropathy. Cut-off value of viremia that best discriminates the progression to sustained viremia and to BKPyVAN was 37 488 and 44 956 copies/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of viruria, viremia, and nephropathy were similar to those reported in literature but the cut-off value of viremia that best discriminates the risk of progression to nephropathy was greater than the value usually reported, which is 10 000 copies/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Silva Bicalho
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daísa Ribeiro David
- Department of Pathology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana Agena
- Renal Transplantation Service, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Castro
- Renal Transplantation Service, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Panutti
- São Paulo Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elias David-Neto
- Renal Transplantation Service, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ligia Camera Pierrotti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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81
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Moens U. Human Polyomaviruses and Papillomaviruses. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082360. [PMID: 30103449 PMCID: PMC6122080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Moens
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Artic University of Norway, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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82
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Bassig BA, Willhauck-Fleckenstein M, Shu XO, Koh WP, Gao YT, Purdue MP, Xiang YB, Adams-Haduch J, Wang R, Brenner N, Waterboer T, Michel A, Ji BT, Hosgood HD, Rabkin CS, Yang G, Wong JYY, Zhang J, Hu W, Seow WJ, Chow WH, Pawlita M, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Lan Q, Rothman N. Serologic markers of viral infection and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A pooled study of three prospective cohorts in China and Singapore. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:570-579. [PMID: 29574937 PMCID: PMC11423783 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Incidence rates of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and distributions of certain viruses differ between East Asian and Western populations. There are limited data on associations between serologic markers of multiple viral infections in pre-diagnostic blood and NHL risk in East Asians. We conducted a nested case-control study of 214 NHL cases and 214 matched controls from three population-based prospective cohorts in Shanghai and Singapore. Antibodies against antigens from herpesviruses, Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) virus and polyomaviruses were measured in plasma or serum using fluorescent bead-based multiplex assays. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between antibody levels and NHL risk. An increased risk of NHL was observed for higher compared to lower EA-D (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.04, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.10-3.81; ptrend = 0.005) and ZEBRA (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 0.96-4.89; ptrend = 0.008) Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) antibodies, as well as for antibody seropositivity against the IE1A human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) antigen (OR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.04-3.29). An increased NHL risk was also observed for higher compared to lower antibodies against the HBV-HBc and HBe antigens. An increased risk of NHL in relation to EBV and HBV infection in East Asians is consistent with findings in several studies of Western populations, suggesting similar viral risk factors for NHL in these diverse populations with distinct patterns of NHL. The association between HHV-6 antibodies and NHL has not previously been reported in a prospective study in this population and will require replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Martina Willhauck-Fleckenstein
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nicole Brenner
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angelika Michel
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Charles S Rabkin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jason Y Y Wong
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Wei Jie Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Wong-Ho Chow
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
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Boguszewska A, Wos M, Jarzynski A, Polz-Dacewicz M. Frequency of JC Virus Appearance in the Urine of Post-Transplantation Patients. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/cipms-2018-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Polyomaviruses are common viruses that induce various infections in many mammalian species, including humans. The best-known viruses of this kind are BKV and JCV. The aim of the study was to analyze the incidence of infection caused by JCV in a group of patients after kidney or bone marrow transplant, and to analyze JCV genetic diversity in post-transplantation recipients. The study group included 81 patients after kidney transplantation treated in the Independent Public Teaching Hospital No 4 in Lublin and a group of 24 patients after marrow transplantation from the Children's Clinical Hospital of Lublin. The research material included 105 DNA probes from urine samples that were tested via the PCR method for the presence of JCV genetic material. Amplification products were separated in agarose gel, positive PCR products were subjected to purification and the pure product was sent to sequencing. Pearson's chi-square test was used to investigate the relationship between the prevalence of JCV viruria and study group and gender. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05. A JCV positive result was discovered in 27.6% of all samples. In the group of adults, 34.6% were positive, while in children, this was 3.4%. Among all patients, only 8 women were infected with the JC virus, while 21 men were. We saw that the incidence of infection caused by the JC virus increases with age. Moreover, JCV DNA is more frequently isolated from men than from women. JCV infections are also a more common cause of infections in patients after renal transplantation than in bone marrow transplant patients
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Wos
- Department of Virology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chodzki, Lublin , Poland
| | - Adrian Jarzynski
- Department of Virology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chodzki, Lublin , Poland
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Bag2 Is a Component of a Cytosolic Extraction Machinery That Promotes Membrane Penetration of a Nonenveloped Virus. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.00607-18. [PMID: 29769335 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00607-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During entry, the nonenveloped polyomavirus (PyV) simian virus 40 (SV40) traffics from the cell surface to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it penetrates the ER membrane to reach the cytosol; the virus is then transported into the nucleus to cause infection. Although a coherent understanding of SV40's host entry is emerging, how the virus is ejected from the ER into the cytosol remains mysterious. Our previous analyses revealed that the cytosolic Hsc70-SGTA-Hsp105 complex binds to SV40 and extracts it from the ER into the cytosol. We now report that the nucleotide exchange factor (NEF) Bag2 stimulates SV40 release from Hsc70, thereby enabling successful virus arrival at the cytosol, which leads to infection. Hsp105, another NEF of Hsc70, displays a function overlapping that of Bag2, underscoring the importance of this release reaction. Our findings identify a new component of an extraction machinery essential during membrane penetration of a nonenveloped virus and provide further mechanistic insights into this process.IMPORTANCE How a nonenveloped virus penetrates a biological membrane to cause infection is a mystery. For the nonenveloped polyomavirus SV40, transport across the ER membrane to reach the cytosol is an essential virus infection step. Here, we identify a novel component of a cytosolic Hsc70-dependent chaperone complex called Bag2 that extracts SV40 from the ER into the cytosol. Bag2 does this by triggering SV40 release from Hsc70, thus ensuring that the virus reaches the cytosol en route for productive infection.
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85
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Tanaka M, Kuramochi M, Nakanishi S, Kuwamura M, Kuramoto T. Rat polyomavirus 2 infection in a colony of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency rats in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1400-1406. [PMID: 30012933 PMCID: PMC6160877 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyomaviruses (PyVs) infect a wide range of animals and provoke wasting diseases, particularly in immunosuppressed hosts. Recently, a novel Rattus norvegicus polyomavirus 2 (RatPyV2) has been identified in a colony of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) rats in the United States. Here, we describe the first report of the RatPyV2 infection in an X-SCID rat colony in Japan. The affected rats exhibited adult-onset wasting. Histologically, we observed large basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies within the hyperplastic or dysplastic epithelial cells in the salivary glands, Harderian glands, extraorbital lacrimal glands, and in respiratory and reproductive tissues. Among these organs, the parotid salivary, Harderian, and extraorbital lacrimal glands were most obviously affected. In particular, the parotid salivary glands were the most severely and diffusely affected and atrophic lesions were prominent even at 1 month of age, which suggested that the parotid salivary glands would be highly susceptible to RatPyV2 in X-SCID rats. RatPyV2 inclusion bodies were also detected in the tail of the epididymis and deferent duct. Such reproductive lesions developed significantly in the later stage of breeding age, and therefore may be associated with the reduced fecundity observed in the infected X-SCID rats. We also established a simple, rapid, and non-invasive diagnostic method based on the Amp-FTA method, using buccal swabs for the detection of RatPyV2 in immunodeficient rats. Our findings contribute to the early detection and diagnosis of RatPyV2 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuu Tanaka
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kuramochi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakanishi
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuramoto
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.,Current address: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
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Zaveckas M, Goda K, Ziogiene D, Gedvilaite A. Purification of recombinant trichodysplasia spinulosa–associated polyomavirus VP1-derived virus-like particles using chromatographic techniques. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1090:7-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ligozzi M, Galia L, Carelli M, Piccaluga PP, Diani E, Gibellini D. Duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of human KIPyV and WUPyV in nasopharyngeal aspirate pediatric samples. Mol Cell Probes 2018; 40:13-18. [PMID: 29883628 PMCID: PMC7172048 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we describe a duplex real-time PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of KIPyV and WUPyV polyomaviruses based on TaqMan probes. This assay detected 500 copies/mL both for KIPyV and WUPyV in 100% of tested positive samples. We assessed this technique on 482 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens from hospitalized pediatric patients with respiratory symptoms, previously analyzed with commercial multiplex assay for 16 major respiratory viruses. Our assay detected KIPyV genome in 15 out of 482 samples (3.1%) and WUPyV genome in 24 out of 482 samples (4.9%), respectively, and in three samples the coinfection of the two viruses was found. Interestingly, 29 out of 36 of samples with KIPyV and/or WUPyV infection exhibited a co-infection with one or more respiratory viruses confirming that KIPyV and WUPyV were often detected in association to other viral infections. Of note, KIPyV and WUPyV were detected singularly in 4 out of 15 cases and 3 out of 24 cases, respectively, suggesting a possible direct role of these viruses in the respiratory diseases. In conclusion, this method could be taken into account as an alternative technical approach to detect KIPyV and/or WUPyV in respiratory samples for epidemiological and diagnostic analyses. Duplex real-time PCR assay for the detection of human KIPyV and WUPyV was assessed. This assay was evaluated on nasopharyngeal aspirate samples from pediatric patients. KIPyV and WUPyV were detected in 3.1% and 4.9% of samples, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ligozzi
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada delle Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Liliana Galia
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada delle Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Carelli
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada delle Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Piccaluga
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy; Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Erica Diani
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada delle Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Gibellini
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada delle Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
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88
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Pasternak J, Kliszczewska E, Polz-Dacewicz M. BK Virus in Cancer Development. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/cipms-2018-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Polyomavirus (PyV) was discovered by accident in 1950 in the course of describing an infectious factor causing multiple tumours in rodents. The term is derived from two Greek words: poly (many) and oma (tumour). At present the family of human polyomaviruses (HPyV) consists of 10 members. One of the first members was BK virus, isolated in 1971 from the urine of a renal transplant patient. Serological examinations have shown that due to its ability to cause latent infection, about 90% of the general population can have specific antibodies attesting infection. In the case of infected persons with normal immunity, this virus is not dangerous. In the impaired immunity, however, loss of immunity results in virus reactivation and development of many life-threatening illnesses. Serological examinations have also reveal that BK polyomavirus considerably affects the development of cancers in humans. Hence, in 2012 a group of 26 researchers from 11 countries associated with the International Agency for Research on Cancer (a part of the World Health Organisation) classified BK polyomavirus within group 2B - “potentially carcinogenic to humans”
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Pasternak
- Department of Virology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki, Lublin , Poland
| | - Ewa Kliszczewska
- Department of Virology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki, Lublin , Poland
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89
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Torres C, Barrios ME, Cammarata RV, Victoria M, Fernandez-Cassi X, Bofill-Mas S, Colina R, Blanco Fernández MD, Mbayed VA. Phylodynamics of Merkel-cell polyomavirus and human polyomavirus 6: A long-term history with humans. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 126:210-220. [PMID: 29680507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
New human polyomaviruses have been described in the last years, including the Merkel-cell polyomavirus (MCPyV; Human polyomavirus 5) and the Human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6). Although their infection is usually asymptomatic, in immunocompromised host can cause life-threatening pathologies, such as the Merkel cell carcinoma, an aggressive skin neoplasia associated to the MCPyV. Despite being prevalent viruses in population, epidemiological data from South America are scarce, as well as the characterization of the viral types circulating and their origin. The aims of this work were to describe MCPyV and HPyV6 from environmental samples with different geographical origin and to analyze their phylogenetic and evolutionary histories, particularly for MCPyV. Partial and complete genome sequences were obtained from sewage samples from Argentina, Uruguay and Spain. A total number of 87 sequences were obtained for MCPyV and 33 for HPyV6. Phylogenetic analysis showed that MCPyV sequences distributed according to their geographic origin in Europe/North America, Africa, Asia, South America and Oceania groups, suggesting that viral diversification might have followed human migrations across the globe. In particular, viruses from Argentina associated with Europe/North America and South America genotypes, whereas those from Uruguay and Spain also grouped with Africa genotype, reflecting the origin of the current population in each country, which could arrive not only during ancient human migration but also during recent migratory events. In addition, the South American group presented a high level of clusterization, showing internal clusters that could be related to specific locations, such as French Guiana and Brazil or the Southern region into South America, such as Argentina and Uruguay, suggesting a long term evolutionary process in the region. Additionally, in this work, we carried out the first analysis about the evolutionary history of MCPyV trough the integration of phylogenetic, epidemiological and historical data. Since a strong association is observed between the phylogenetic relationships and the origin of the sampled population, this analysis was based on the hypothesis of co-divergence between the virus and human populations. This analysis resulted in a substitution rate of 5.1 × 10-8 s/s/y (∼5.1% of divergence per million years) for the complete genome of MCPyV, which is in the range of those estimated for other double-stranded DNA viruses. Regarding HPyV6, a South American group with clusterization was observed (sequences from Uruguay). Meanwhile, sequences from Argentina grouped with European ones (France and Spain) and remained separated from those isolated in China, USA or Australia. The analysis of viruses from the environment allowed us to deep characterize prevalent infections in different geographic regions, reveling that viruses circulating in each population reflected its origin and that there are specific lineages associated with South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Torres
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Virología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Melina Elizabeth Barrios
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Virología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Robertina Viviana Cammarata
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Virología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías Victoria
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, CENUR Litoral Norte, Sede Salto, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - Xavier Fernandez-Cassi
- Laboratory of Virus Contaminants of Water and Food, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Silvia Bofill-Mas
- Laboratory of Virus Contaminants of Water and Food, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rodney Colina
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, CENUR Litoral Norte, Sede Salto, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - María Dolores Blanco Fernández
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Virología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana Andrea Mbayed
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Virología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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90
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Edwards TG, Fisher C. Antiviral activity of pyrrole-imidazole polyamides against SV40 and BK polyomaviruses. Antiviral Res 2018; 152:68-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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91
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Martelli F, Mencarini J, Rocca A, Malva ND, Bartolozzi D, Giannecchini S. Polyomavirus microRNA in saliva reveals persistent infectious status in the oral cavity. Virus Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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92
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Cuceu C, Hempel WM, Sabatier L, Bosq J, Carde P, M'kacher R. Chromosomal Instability in Hodgkin Lymphoma: An In-Depth Review and Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040091. [PMID: 29587466 PMCID: PMC5923346 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), with its unique microenvironment and long-term follow-up, has provided exceptional insights into several areas of tumor biology. Findings in HL have not only improved our understanding of human carcinogenesis, but have also pioneered its translation into the clinics. HL is a successful paradigm of modern treatment strategies. Nonetheless, approximately 15–20% of patients with advanced stage HL still die following relapse or progressive disease and a similar proportion of patients are over-treated, leading to treatment-related late sequelae, including solid tumors and organ dysfunction. The malignant cells in HL are characterized by a highly altered genomic landscape with a wide spectrum of genomic alterations, including somatic mutations, copy number alterations, complex chromosomal rearrangements, and aneuploidy. Here, we review the chromosomal instability mechanisms in HL, starting with the cellular origin of neoplastic cells and the mechanisms supporting HL pathogenesis, focusing particularly on the role of the microenvironment, including the influence of viruses and macrophages on the induction of chromosomal instability in HL. We discuss the emerging possibilities to exploit these aberrations as prognostic biomarkers and guides for personalized patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Cuceu
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Oncology and PROCyTOX, DRF, CEA, 91534 Paris-Saclay, France.
| | - William M Hempel
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Oncology and PROCyTOX, DRF, CEA, 91534 Paris-Saclay, France.
| | - Laure Sabatier
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Oncology and PROCyTOX, DRF, CEA, 91534 Paris-Saclay, France.
| | - Jacques Bosq
- Departement of Anapathology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Patrice Carde
- Department of Hematology Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Radhia M'kacher
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Oncology and PROCyTOX, DRF, CEA, 91534 Paris-Saclay, France.
- Cell Environment, DNA damages R&D, Oncology section, 75020 Paris, France.
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93
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van der Meijden E, Feltkamp M. The Human Polyomavirus Middle and Alternative T-Antigens; Thoughts on Roles and Relevance to Cancer. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:398. [PMID: 29568287 PMCID: PMC5852106 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 15–20% of human cancer is related to infection, which renders them potentially preventable by antimicrobial or antiviral therapy. Human polyomaviruses (PyVs) are relevant in this regard, as illustrated by the involvement of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) in the development of Merkel cell carcinoma. The polyomavirus Small and Large tumor antigen (ST and LT) have been extensively studied with respect to their role in oncogenesis. Recently it was shown that a number of human PyVs, including MCPyV and the trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus (TSPyV), express additional T-antigens called Middle T (MT) and alternative T (ALT). ALT is encoded by ORF5, also known as the alternative T open reading frame (ALTO), which also encodes the second exon of MT, and overlaps out-of-frame with the second exon of LT. Previously, MT was considered unique for oncogenic rodent polyomaviruses, and ALT was still unknown. In this mini-review, we want to point out there are important reasons to explore the involvement of MT and ALT in human cellular transformation. First, just like their rodent equivalents, MT and ALT probably disrupt cellular pathways that control signaling and proliferation. Second, expression of the MT and ALT-encoding ORF5/ALTO characterizes a monophyletic polyomavirus clade that includes human and animal PyVs with known oncogenic potential. And third, ORF5/ALTO is subject to strong positive selection aimed specifically at a short linear motif within MT and ALT that overlaps completely with the RB-binding motif in LT. The latter suggests tight interplay between these T-antigens with possible consequences for cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Els van der Meijden
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mariet Feltkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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94
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Kauko O, Westermarck J. Non-genomic mechanisms of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulation in cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 96:157-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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95
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Rosario K, Fierer N, Miller S, Luongo J, Breitbart M. Diversity of DNA and RNA Viruses in Indoor Air As Assessed via Metagenomic Sequencing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1014-1027. [PMID: 29298386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Diverse bacterial and fungal communities inhabit human-occupied buildings and circulate in indoor air; however, viral diversity in these man-made environments remains largely unknown. Here we investigated DNA and RNA viruses circulating in the air of 12 university dormitory rooms by analyzing dust accumulated over a one-year period on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filters. A metagenomic sequencing approach was used to determine the identity and diversity of viral particles extracted from the HVAC filters. We detected a broad diversity of viruses associated with a range of hosts, including animals, arthropods, bacteria, fungi, humans, plants, and protists, suggesting that disparate organisms can contribute to indoor airborne viral communities. Viral community composition and the distribution of human-infecting papillomaviruses and polyomaviruses were distinct in the different dormitory rooms, indicating that airborne viral communities are variable in human-occupied spaces and appear to reflect differential rates of viral shedding from room occupants. This work significantly expands the known airborne viral diversity found indoors, enabling the design of sensitive and quantitative assays to further investigate specific viruses of interest and providing new insight into the likely sources of viruses found in indoor air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyna Rosario
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida , Saint Petersburg, Florida 33701, United States
| | - Noah Fierer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Shelly Miller
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Julia Luongo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Mya Breitbart
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida , Saint Petersburg, Florida 33701, United States
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96
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Müller DC, Rämö M, Naegele K, Ribi S, Wetterauer C, Perrina V, Quagliata L, Vlajnic T, Ruiz C, Balitzki B, Grobholz R, Gosert R, Ajuh ET, Hirsch HH, Bubendorf L, Rentsch CA. Donor-derived, metastatic urothelial cancer after kidney transplantation associated with a potentially oncogenic BK polyomavirus. J Pathol 2018; 244:265-270. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David C Müller
- Department of Urology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
- Institute for Pathology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Maarit Rämö
- Department of Urology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
- Institute for Pathology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Klaudia Naegele
- Division of Infection Diagnostics, Department of Biomedicine; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Ribi
- Institute for Pathology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Christian Wetterauer
- Department of Urology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Valeria Perrina
- Institute for Pathology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Luca Quagliata
- Institute for Pathology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Tatjana Vlajnic
- Institute for Pathology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Christian Ruiz
- Institute for Pathology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Beate Balitzki
- Institute of Forensic Medicine; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | | | - Rainer Gosert
- Division of Infection Diagnostics, Department of Biomedicine; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Elvis T Ajuh
- Transplantation & Clinical Virology, Department of Biomedicine; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Hans H Hirsch
- Division of Infection Diagnostics, Department of Biomedicine; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
- Transplantation & Clinical Virology, Department of Biomedicine; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute for Pathology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Cyrill A Rentsch
- Department of Urology; University Hospital Basel, University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
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97
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Antonsson A, Neale RE, O'Rourke P, Wockner L, Michel A, Pawlita M, Waterboer T, Green AC. Prevalence and stability of antibodies to thirteen polyomaviruses and association with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A population-based study. J Clin Virol 2018; 101:34-37. [PMID: 29414185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several new members of the human polyomavirus (HPyV) family that infect human skin and are potentially oncogenic have been identified in the last decade. OBJECTIVES To investigate prospectively the seroprevalence and stability of 13 PyVs, and possible associations with different risk factors and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). STUDY DESIGN In this Australian population-based longitudinal study sera were collected at baseline in 1992 or during the next 4 years from 688 people. Of the 688, 226 developed a new cSCC between blood collection and the final follow up in 2003. The remaining 462 served as controls. Among the 462 controls, 161 had a second serum sample from 2003 analysed. Seroprevalence of 10 human PyVs (BKV, JCV, KIV, WUV, MCV, TSV, HPyV6, HPyV7, HPyV9 and HPyV10) and three non-human PyVs (SV40, LPV and ChPyV) was assessed using multiplex serology. RESULTS There was no significant difference in PyV seroprevalence between people who developed cSCC during follow-up compared to those who did not. WUV and HPyV10 showed the highest serostability (93%) and JCV VP1 and SV40 VP1 the lowest (84%) over a 9-year time period (range 7-11 years). CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence that HPyV seroprevalence is associated with subsequent development of cSCC and observed variable stability of antibodies to polyomaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Antonsson
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Rachel E Neale
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter O'Rourke
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leesa Wockner
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Angelika Michel
- Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections Division, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Germany
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections Division, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections Division, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), Germany
| | - Adèle C Green
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; CRUK Manchester Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
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98
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Hansen-Estruch C, Coleman KK, Thoon KC, Low JG, Anderson BD, Gray GC. Prevalence of Respiratory Polyomaviruses Among Pediatric Patients With Respiratory Symptoms in Singapore. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:228. [PMID: 30175090 PMCID: PMC6107759 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although WU polyomavirus (WU) and KI polyomavirus (KI) have been demonstrated to infect the human respiratory tract, it remains unclear if WU or KI cause human disease. We sought to further investigate the relationship between WU and KI infection and respiratory disease in a pediatric population with respiratory symptoms in Singapore. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of pediatric patients with respiratory symptoms in a Singaporean pediatrics hospital. Upon consent, residual respiratory samples from pediatric inpatients, previously screened for common respiratory viruses, were collected and further screened for WU and KI using qPCR. The amplicons of positive samples were sequenced for confirmation. The severity of a patient's illness was assessed by chart review post-discharge looking for clinical markers of respiratory status such as presenting symptoms, diagnoses, and interventions. Results: From December 2016 to April 2017, 201 patients with residual respiratory samples were enrolled in the study. The average age of all participants recruited was 45 months. WU and KI were detected in 13% (26/201) and 3% (6/201) of patients, respectively. Conducting bivariate and multivariate modeling, patients with WU or KI positivity were not at increased risk of SARI, need for additional oxygen, intravenous fluids, and did not receive additional oral antibiotics or bronchodilators during admission. In contrast, patients with RSV detections were at increased risk of requiring supplemental oxygen during hospital admission. Conclusion: While limited in sample size, our pilot study data do not support the hypothesis that molecular evidence of WU or KI was associated with increased morbidity among a sample of general, pediatric patients with respiratory illness in Singapore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Hansen-Estruch
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Kristen K Coleman
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Koh C Thoon
- Department of Paediatrics, Infectious Disease Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jenny G Low
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin D Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Global Health Institute and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Gregory C Gray
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Global Health Institute and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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99
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Gupta G, Kuppachi S, Kalil RS, Buck CB, Lynch CF, Engels EA. Treatment for presumed BK polyomavirus nephropathy and risk of urinary tract cancers among kidney transplant recipients in the United States. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:245-252. [PMID: 28980390 PMCID: PMC5739985 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent case series describe detection of BK polyomavirus (BKV) in urinary tract cancers in kidney transplant recipients, suggesting that BKV could contribute to the development of these cancers. We assessed risk for urinary tract cancers in kidney recipients with or without treatment for presumed BKV nephropathy (tBKVN) using data from the United States Transplant Cancer Match Study (2003-2013). Among 55 697 included recipients, 2015 (3.6%) were reported with tBKVN. Relative to the general population, incidence was similarly elevated (approximately 4.5-fold) for kidney cancer in recipients with or without tBKVN, and incidence was not increased in either group for prostate cancer. In contrast, for invasive bladder cancer, incidence was more strongly elevated in recipients with versus without tBKVN (standardized incidence ratios 4.5 vs. 1.7; N = 48 cases), corresponding to an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 2.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-8.2), adjusted for sex, age, transplant year, and use of polyclonal antibody induction. As a result, recipients with tBKVN had borderline increased incidence for all urothelial cancers combined (renal pelvis, ureter, and bladder cancers: adjusted IRR 2.2, 95% CI 0.9-5.4; N = 89 cases). Together with reports describing BKV detection in tumor tissues, these results support an association between BKV and urothelial carcinogenesis among kidney transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Gupta
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States
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Coinfection with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and Polyoma BK Virus (BKPyV) in Laryngeal, Oropharyngeal and Oral Cavity Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122752. [PMID: 29257122 PMCID: PMC5751351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most research providing evidence for the role of oncogenic viruses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) development is focused on one type of virus without analyzing possible interactions between two or more types of viruses. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of co-infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and polyoma BK virus (BKPyV) in oral, oropharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas in Polish patients. The correlations between viral infection, SCC, demographic parameters, evidence of metastases and grading were also investigated. Fresh-frozen tumour tissue samples were collected from 146 patients with laryngeal, oropharyngeal and oral cancer. After DNA extraction, the DNA of the studied viruses was detected using polymerase chain rection (PCR) assay. Males (87.7%) with a history of smoking (70.6%) and alcohol abuse (59.6%) prevailed in the studied group. Histological type G2 was recognized in 64.4% cases. The patients were most frequently diagnosed with T2 stage (36.3%) and with N1 stage (45.8%). Infection with at least two viruses was detected in 56.2% of patients. In this group, co-infection with HPV/EBV was identified in 34.1% of cases, EBV/BKV in 23.2%, HPV/BKV in 22.0%, and HPV/EBV/BKV in 20.7%. No difference of multiple infection in different locations of cancer was observed. The prevalence of poorly differentiated tumours (G3) was more frequent in co-infection with all three viruses than EBV or BKV alone. A significant correlation was observed between tumour dimensions (T) and lymph-node involvement (N) in co-infected patients compared to single infection. Further studies are necessary to clarify whether co-infection plays an important role in the initiation and/or progression of oncogenic transformation of oral, oropharyngeal and laryngeal epithelial cells.
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