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Luu HN, Tran CTD, Wang R, Nguyen MVT, Tran MT, Tuong TTV, Tran QH, Le LC, Pham HTT, Vu HH, Bui NC, Ha HTT, Trinh DT, Thomas CE, Adams-Haduch J, Velikokhatnaya L, Schoen RE, Xie G, Jia W, Boffetta P, Clemente JC, Yuan JM. Associations between Ileal Juice Bile Acids and Colorectal Advanced Adenoma. Nutrients 2023; 15:2930. [PMID: 37447256 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an urgent need to identify biomarkers for advanced adenoma, an important precursor of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to determine alterations in ileal juice bile acids associated with colorectal advanced adenoma. METHODS We quantified a comprehensive panel of primary and secondary bile acids and their conjugates using an ultraperformance liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole mass spectrometric assay in ileal juice collected at colonoscopy from 46 study subjects (i.e., 14 biopsy-confirmed advanced adenomas and 32 controls free of adenoma or cancer). Using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), we examined the differences in bile acid concentrations by disease status, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status and type 2 diabetes. RESULTS The concentrations of hyodeoxycholic acid (HCA) species in ileal juice of the advanced adenoma patients (geometric mean = 4501.9 nM) were significantly higher than those of controls (geometric mean = 1292.3 nM, p = 0.001). The relative abundance of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in total bile acids was significantly reduced in cases than controls (0.73% in cases vs. 1.33% in controls; p = 0.046). No significant difference between cases and controls was observed for concentrations of total or specific primary bile acids (i.e., cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and their glycine- and taurine-conjugates) and total and specific major secondary bile acids (i.e., deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid). CONCLUSIONS Colorectal advanced adenoma was associated with altered bile acids in ileal juice. The HCA species may promote the development of colorectal advanced adenoma, whereas gut microbiota responsible for the conversion of CDCA to UDCA may protect against it. Our findings have important implications for the use of bile acids as biomarkers in early detection of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung N Luu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Chi Thi-Du Tran
- Vietnam Colorectal Cancer and Polyps Research, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity (VinUni), Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Center of Applied Sciences, Regenerative Medicine and Advanced Technologies, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Renwei Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Mai Vu-Tuyet Nguyen
- Vietnam Colorectal Cancer and Polyps Research, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Mo Thi Tran
- Vietnam Colorectal Cancer and Polyps Research, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Thi-Van Tuong
- Vietnam Colorectal Cancer and Polyps Research, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Quang Hong Tran
- Vietnam Colorectal Cancer and Polyps Research, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Linh Cu Le
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity (VinUni), Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi-Thu Pham
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Hien Huy Vu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nam Chi Bui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Hien Thi-Thu Ha
- Department of Cytopathology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Dung Tuan Trinh
- Department of Cytopathology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Department of Cytopathology, Tam Anh General Hospital, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Claire E Thomas
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | | | - Robert E Schoen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Guoxiang Xie
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Wei Jia
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jose C Clemente
- Icahn Institute for Genomics & Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Thomas CE, Adibi JJ, Kuipers AL, Diergaarde B, Luu HN, Jin A, Koh WP, Gao YT, Adams-Haduch J, Wang R, Lokshin A, Behari J, Yuan JM. Abstract 3015: Soluble CD137 and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: nested case-control studies in cohorts in Shanghai and Singapore. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Chronic inflammation plays a significant role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With rising incidence and poor prognosis of HCC, identifying relatively less invasive biomarkers, especially inflammatory ones, may improve the assessment and stratification of HCC risk. The objective of our studies was to assess if CD8+ T cell cytokines in pre-diagnostic serum are associated with risk of HCC development.
Methods: We conducted two parallel case-control studies of HCC nested within the Shanghai Cohort Study (SCS) and the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS), two prospective cohorts of 81,000 individuals with 25+ years of follow-up. The serum concentrations of five CD8+ T cell cytokines ─ soluble CD137 (sCD137), soluble Fas (sFas), perforin, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta (MIP-1β), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) ─ were determined using Luminex bead-based immunoassay on 315 HCC cases and 315 individually matched controls in the SCS, and on 197 HCC case-control pairs in the SCHS. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for HCC with elevated levels of cytokines with adjustment for body mass index, alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, seropositivity of hepatitis surface antigen (HBsAg), and history of diabetes.
Results: sCD137 levels were statistically significantly higher in HCC cases than controls in both cohorts. Compared with the 1st quartile (Q1) of sCD137, multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of HCC for the 4th quartile (Q4) were 3.8 (1.7-8.3) in the SCS and 3.5 (1.4 -8.5) in the SCHS (both Ptrend’s < 0.001). Among HBsAg-negative individuals, ORs (95% CIs) for Q2, Q3, & Q4 of sCD137 were 2.7 (1.5-4.9), 2.7 (1.4-5.0), and 4.5 (2.4-8.5), respectively, compared with Q1 (Ptrend < 0.001) in both SCS and SCHS combined. The corresponding ORs (95% CIs) among HBsAg- positive individuals were 21.0 (9.3-47.6), 34.1 (13.8-84.2), and 56.7 (23.3-137.9), respectively, with a P=0.095 for multiplicative interaction. The sCD137-HCC risk association remained constant over different time periods from blood draw to HCC diagnosis: ORs (95% CIs) for Q4 vs. Q1 were 4.7 (1.2-17.5) for <5 years, 3.7 (1.3-10.6) for 5-10 years, and 3.94 (1.6-9.5) for more than 10 years between blood collection and cancer diagnosis. sFas was positively associated with HCC risk in the SCHS but not in the SCS. There was no statistically significant association for perforin, MIP-1β, or TNF-α with HCC risk in either cohort.
Conclusion: These novel and validated findings demonstrated that serum sCD137 levels were significantly elevated many years prior to HCC diagnosis, and had a potential synergistic effect with chronic viral infection on the HCC risk. sCD137 may be developed as a immune monitoring biomarker for risk stratification and assessment, which can lead to early diagnosis and improve prognosis of HCC patients.
Citation Format: Claire E. Thomas, Jennifer J. Adibi, Allison L. Kuipers, Brenda Diergaarde, Hung N. Luu, Aizhen Jin, Woon-Puay Koh, Yu-Tang Gao, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Renwei Wang, Anna Lokshin, Jaideep Behari, Jian-Min Yuan. Soluble CD137 and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: nested case-control studies in cohorts in Shanghai and Singapore [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3015.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aizhen Jin
- 2National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- 2National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- 3Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Thomas CE, Adibi JJ, Kuipers AL, Diergaarde B, Luu HN, Jin A, Koh WP, Gao YT, Adams-Haduch J, Wang R, Lokshin A, Behari J, Yuan JM. Soluble CD137 and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: nested case-control studies in cohorts in Shanghai and Singapore. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:2081-2088. [PMID: 36977826 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases occur in the presence of cirrhosis. Biomarkers of cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction such as CD8+ T cell cytokines could aid HCC risk assessment. METHODS CD8+ T cell cytokines were determined in pre-diagnostic serum in two studies including 315 HCC case-control pairs in the Shanghai Cohort Study (SCS) and 197 pairs in the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS). Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for HCC with levels of five cytokines-soluble CD137 (sCD137), soluble Fas (sFas), perforin, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta (MIP-1β), and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). RESULTS sCD137 levels were significantly higher in HCC cases than controls in both cohorts (Ps < 0.001). Compared with the lowest quartile, multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of HCC for the highest sCD137 quartile were 3.79 (1.73, 8.30) in the SCS and 3.49 (1.44, 8.48) in the SCHS. The sCD137-HCC association was independent of hepatitis B seropositivity and follow-up time. No other cytokine was consistently associated with HCC risk. CONCLUSION sCD137 was associated with higher risk of HCC in two studies nested in general population cohorts. sCD137 may be a long-term risk marker of HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Thomas
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer J Adibi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Allison L Kuipers
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hung N Luu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aizhen Jin
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Renwei Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anna Lokshin
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Departments of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jaideep Behari
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Perez-Paramo YX, Watson CJ, Chen G, Thomas CE, Adams-Haduch J, Wang R, Khor CC, Koh WP, Nelson HH, Yuan JM, Lazarus P. Impact of Genetic Variants in the Nicotine Metabolism Pathway on Nicotine Metabolite Levels in Smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:54-65. [PMID: 36252563 PMCID: PMC9827107 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine metabolism is a major factor in nicotine dependence, with approximately 70% to 80% of nicotine metabolized to cotinine in Caucasians. Cotinine formation is catalyzed primarily by CYP2A6, which also converts cotinine to trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (3HC). The goal of the present study was to examine the effects of CYP2A6 deficiency on nicotine metabolism profiles in vivo and the importance of genetic variants in nicotine-metabolizing enzyme genes on urinary nicotine metabolites levels. METHODS Urine samples from 722 smokers who participated in the Singapore Chinese Health Study were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS to detect nicotine and eight of its urinary metabolites, and a total of 58 variants in 12 genes involved in nicotine metabolism were investigated in 475 of these subjects with informative genotyping data. RESULTS Urine samples stratified by the ratio of 3HC/cotinine exhibited a 7-fold increase in nicotine-N'-oxide, a 6-fold increase in nicotine-Glucuronide (Gluc), and a 5-fold decrease in 3HC-Gluc when comparing the lower versus upper 3HC/cotinine ventiles. Significant (P < 0.0001) associations were observed between functional metabolizing enzyme genotypes and levels of various urinary nicotine metabolites, including CYP2A6 genotype and levels of nicotine, nicotine-Gluc, nicotine-N'-oxide and 3HC, UGT2B10 genotype and levels of cotinine, nicotine-Gluc and cotinine-Gluc, UGT2B17 genotype and levels of 3HC-Gluc, FMO3 genotype and levels of nicotine-N'-oxide, and CYP2B6 genotype and levels of nicotine-N'-oxide and 4-hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoic acid. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that several pathways are important in nicotine metabolism. IMPACT Genotype differences in several nicotine-metabolizing enzyme pathways may potentially lead to differences in nicotine dependence and smoking behavior and cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadira X. Perez-Paramo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Christy J.W. Watson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Claire E. Thomas
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Eye Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heather H. Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Corresponding Authors: Philip Lazarus, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, PBS building, Room 431, Spokane, Washington, 99210-1495. E-mail: ; and Jian-Min Yuan, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15232. E-mail:
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington.,Corresponding Authors: Philip Lazarus, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, PBS building, Room 431, Spokane, Washington, 99210-1495. E-mail: ; and Jian-Min Yuan, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15232. E-mail:
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Paudel S, Warner BE, Wang R, Adams-Haduch J, Reznik AS, Dou J, Huang Y, Gao YT, Koh WP, Bäckerholm A, Yuan JM, Shair KHY. Serologic Profiling Using an Epstein-Barr Virus Mammalian Expression Library Identifies EBNA1 IgA as a Prediagnostic Marker for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:5221-5230. [PMID: 36165913 PMCID: PMC9722633 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The favorable prognosis of stage I and II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has motivated a search for biomarkers for the early detection and risk assessment of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated NPC. Although EBV seropositivity is ubiquitous among adults, a spike in antibodies against select EBV proteins is a harbinger of NPC. A serologic survey would likely reveal which EBV antibodies could discriminate those at risk of developing NPC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lysates from a new EBV mammalian expression library were used in a denaturing multiplex immunoblot assay to survey antibodies against EBV in sera collected from healthy individuals who later developed NPC (incident cases) in a prospective cohort from Singapore and validated in an independent cohort from Shanghai, P.R. China. RESULTS We show that IgA against EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) discriminated incident NPC cases from matched controls with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity up to 4 years before diagnosis in both Singapore and Shanghai cohorts. Incident NPC cases had a greater IgG repertoire against lytic-classified EBV proteins, and the assortment of IgA against EBV proteins detected by the immunoblot assay increased closer to diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Although NPC tumors consistently harbor latent EBV, the observed heightened systemic and mucosal immunity against lytic-classified antigens years prior to clinical diagnosis is consistent with enhanced lytic transcription. We conclude that an expanding EBV mucosal reservoir (which can be latent and/or lytic) is a risk factor for NPC. This presents an opportunity to identify those at risk of developing NPC using IgA against EBNA1 as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Paudel
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin E Warner
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renwei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alex S Reznik
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jason Dou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yufei Huang
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alan Bäckerholm
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathy H Y Shair
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Corresponding author: Kathy H Y Shair, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5117 Centre Avenue, Suite 1.8, Pittsburgh, PA 15213,Tel: 412-623 7717,
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Luu HN, Paragomi P, Wang R, Huang JY, Adams-Haduch J, Midttun Ø, Ulvik A, Nguyen TC, Brand RE, Gao Y, Ueland PM, Yuan JM. The Association between Serum Serine and Glycine and Related-Metabolites with Pancreatic Cancer in a Prospective Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2199. [PMID: 35565328 PMCID: PMC9105477 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Serine and glycine play an important role in the folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism. The metabolism of serine and glycine has been shown to be associated with cancer cell proliferation. No prior epidemiologic study has investigated the associations for serum levels of serine and glycine with pancreatic cancer risk. Methods. We conducted a nested case-control study involved 129 incident pancreatic cancer cases and 258 individually matched controls within a prospective cohort study of 18,244 male residents in Shanghai, China. Glycine and serine and related metabolites in pre-diagnostic serum were quantified using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A conditional logistic regression method was used to evaluate the associations for serine, glycine, and related metabolites with pancreatic cancer risk with adjustment for potential confounders. Results: Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of pancreatic cancer for the highest quartile of serine and glycine were 0.33 (0.14−0.75) and 0.25 (0.11−0.58), respectively, compared with their respective lowest quartiles (both p’s < 0.01). No significant association with risk of pancreatic cancer was observed for other serine- or glycine related metabolites including cystathionine, cysteine, and sarcosine. Conclusion. The risk of pancreatic cancer was reduced by more than 70% in individuals with elevated levels of glycine and serine in serum collected, on average, more than 10 years prior to cancer diagnosis in a prospectively designed case-control study. These novel findings support a protective role of serine and glycine against the development of pancreatic cancer in humans that might have an implication for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung N. Luu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Suite 4C, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (P.P.); (R.W.); (J.Y.H.); (J.A.-H.); (R.E.B.); (J.-M.Y.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Pedram Paragomi
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Suite 4C, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (P.P.); (R.W.); (J.Y.H.); (J.A.-H.); (R.E.B.); (J.-M.Y.)
| | - Renwei Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Suite 4C, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (P.P.); (R.W.); (J.Y.H.); (J.A.-H.); (R.E.B.); (J.-M.Y.)
| | - Joyce Y. Huang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Suite 4C, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (P.P.); (R.W.); (J.Y.H.); (J.A.-H.); (R.E.B.); (J.-M.Y.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Suite 4C, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (P.P.); (R.W.); (J.Y.H.); (J.A.-H.); (R.E.B.); (J.-M.Y.)
| | - Øivind Midttun
- Bevital A/S, Jonas Lies Veg 87, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (Ø.M.); (P.M.U.)
| | - Arve Ulvik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Tin C. Nguyen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nevada at Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA;
| | - Randall E. Brand
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Suite 4C, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (P.P.); (R.W.); (J.Y.H.); (J.A.-H.); (R.E.B.); (J.-M.Y.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yutang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201112, China;
| | - Per Magne Ueland
- Bevital A/S, Jonas Lies Veg 87, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (Ø.M.); (P.M.U.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Suite 4C, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (P.P.); (R.W.); (J.Y.H.); (J.A.-H.); (R.E.B.); (J.-M.Y.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Sivagnanalingam U, Beatty P, Jacqueline C, Dracz M, Adams-Haduch J, Wang R, Yuan J, Finn O. A Nested Case-Control Study of Lung Cancer for Immune Biomarkers. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.10.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Thomas CE, Luu H, Wang R, Xie G, Adams-Haduch J, Jin A, Koh WP, Jia W, Behari J, Yuan JM. Abstract 748: Conjugated primary bile acids as a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma risk in two prospective cohorts. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Incidence rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been increasing for several decades in the U.S. Non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) increasingly plays a role in the rising rate of HCC. Experimental data have shown that bile acids, which play key roles in the host-gut microbiota co-metabolism, contribute to the development of NAFLD and HCC. We propose to comprehensively examine the associations of bile acids with risk of HCC in two cohorts.
Methods: Thirty-five bile acids were quantified using the state-of-the-art ultraperformance liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry assays in serum samples collected, on average, five years prior to diagnosis of 197 HCC and the same number of individually matched controls from the Singapore Chinese Health Study and the Shanghai Cohort Study. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the associations for major bile acids and their conjugates, and bile acid ratios with the risk of HCC.
Results: Total primary bile acids were significantly elevated whereas the ratio of secondary bile acids over primary bile acids were significantly lower in HCC cases than controls in both cohorts (P's ≤ 0.001). Doubling of tauro- vs. glyco-conjugates of all bile acids, primary bile acids, and specifically chenodeoycholic acid resulted in an increase in HCC risk of 44, 48, and 34% (P = 0.004, <0.001, 0.001) respectively after adjustment for potential confounders.
Conclusion: Primary bile acids, especially tauro-conjugated bile acids were strongly associated with increased risk of HCC risk whereas the secondary vs. primary bile acids ratios were associated with decreased risk of HCC.
Citation Format: Claire Elizabeth Thomas, Hung Luu, Renwei Wang, Guoxiang Xie, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Aizhen Jin, Woon-Puay Koh, Wei Jia, Jaideep Behari, Jian-Min Yuan. Conjugated primary bile acids as a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma risk in two prospective cohorts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 748.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hung Luu
- 1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Guoxiang Xie
- 3University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | | | - Aizhen Jin
- 4Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- 5Saw See Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Jia
- 3University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
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9
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Chang X, Gurung RL, Wang L, Jin A, Li Z, Wang R, Beckman KB, Adams-Haduch J, Meah WY, Sim KS, Lim WK, Davila S, Tan P, Teo JX, Yeo KK, M Y, Liu S, Lim SC, Liu J, van Dam RM, Friedlander Y, Koh WP, Yuan JM, Khor CC, Heng CK, Dorajoo R. Low frequency variants associated with leukocyte telomere length in the Singapore Chinese population. Commun Biol 2021; 4:519. [PMID: 33941849 PMCID: PMC8093266 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of low frequency variants associated with telomere length homeostasis in chronic diseases and mortalities is relatively understudied in the East-Asian population. Here we evaluated low frequency variants, including 1,915,154 Asian specific variants, for leukocyte telomere length (LTL) associations among 25,533 Singapore Chinese samples. Three East Asian specific variants in/near POT1, TERF1 and STN1 genes are associated with LTL (Meta-analysis P 2.49×10-14-6.94×10-10). Rs79314063, a missense variant (p.Asp410His) at POT1, shows effect 5.3 fold higher and independent of a previous common index SNP. TERF1 (rs79617270) and STN1 (rs139620151) are linked to LTL-associated common index SNPs at these loci. Rs79617270 is associated with cancer mortality [HR95%CI = 1.544 (1.173, 2.032), PAdj = 0.018] and 4.76% of the association between the rs79617270 and colon cancer is mediated through LTL. Overall, genetically determined LTL is particularly associated with lung adenocarcinoma [HR95%CI = 1.123 (1.051, 1.201), Padj = 0.007]. Ethnicity-specific low frequency variants may affect LTL homeostasis and associate with certain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Resham L Gurung
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aizhen Jin
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zheng Li
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth B Beckman
- University of Minnesota Genomics Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wee Yang Meah
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kar Seng Sim
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sonia Davila
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Xian Teo
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khung Keong Yeo
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiamunaa M
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sylvia Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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10
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Yuan JM, Wang Y, Wang R, Luu HN, Adams-Haduch J, Koh WP, Gao YT, Behari J, Lotze MT. Serum IL27 in Relation to Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Two Nested Case-Control Studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 30:388-395. [PMID: 33203693 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL27 mRNA is highly enriched in the tissue of hepatocellular carcinoma. Overexpression of IL27 gene has been found to increase T-cell expression of inhibitory receptors, an immunosuppressive feature in tumor microenvironment, that promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS Two parallel case-control studies of hepatocellular carcinoma, each with 100 case-control pairs were conducted in the Singapore Chinese Health Study and the Shanghai Cohort Study to examine the association between serum IL27 levels and risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. RESULTS The IL27 concentrations were significantly elevated in sera collected from study participants 4 to 5 years prior to the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in both cohort studies. Compared with the lowest tertile of IL27, odds ratios (OR) of hepatocellular carcinoma for the highest tertile of IL27 was 46.08 [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.68-453.86] in the Singapore Chinese Health Study and 19.09 (95% CI, 3.81-95.57) in the Shanghai Cohort Study (both P trend <0.001). The corresponding ORs in both cohort studies were 42.47 (95% CI, 8.30-217.40) among individuals negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and 242.46 (95% CI, 38.42-1,529.01) among those positive for HBsAg compared with the lowest tertile of interleukin-27 and negative HBsAg. CONCLUSIONS Levels of IL27 in prediagnostic sera were significantly associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development. IMPACT IL27, through its immunosuppressive property, may play a significant role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Serum levels of IL27 may be used as a biomarker for prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. .,Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yue Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Renwei Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hung N Luu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Service and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jaideep Behari
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael T Lotze
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Departments of Surgery, Immunology and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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11
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Luu HN, Neelakantan N, Geng TT, Wang R, Adams-Haduch J, Jin A, Van Dam RM, Koh WP, Yuan JM. Abstract 4647: Diet quality indexes and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: Findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-4647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background. There is a limited research on the association between combined dietary measures and liver cancer risk. We investigated the association between the four diet-quality index (DQI) scores, the Alternative Health Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED); Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Heathy Diet Indicator (HDI) with liver cancer risk, using data from the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a prospective cohort of 63,257 Chinese men and women aged 45-74 at enrollment in 1993-1998 with up to 25 years of follow-up.
Methods. The Cox proportional hazard regression method was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of HCC with each DQI after adjustment for multiple potential confounders. The unconditional logistic regression method was used to evaluate the associations between the DQIs and HCC risk among a subset of individuals who tested negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
Results. During an average 17.7 years of follow-up, 561 incident HCC cases were identified. High scores of AHEI-2010, aMED and DASH, representing higher dietary quality, were associated with lower risk of HCC (all Ptrend<0.05). Compared with the lowest quartile, HRs (95% CIs) of HCC risk for the highest quartile of AHEI-2010, aMED and DASH were 0.71 (0.55-0.91), 0.73 (0.54-0.98), and 0.68 (0.52-0.89), respectively. These inverse associations were stronger in men than in women. No significant association between HDI and HCC risk was observed. Among HBsAg-negative individuals, similar inverse associations were observed, and the strongest inverse association was for aMED that reached statistically significance level (HRQ4vsQ1=0.48, 95% CI: 0.24-0.98).
Conclusion. Higher scores of AHED, aMED, and DASH were significantly associated with reduced risk of HCC in this Asian population. The findings support the notion that adherence to a healthier diet may lower the risk of HCC, suggesting that dietary modification may be an effective approach for primary prevention of HCC.
Funding: The Singapore Chinese Health Study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) of the United States (grants # R01 CA144034 and UM1 CA182876).
Citation Format: Hung N. Luu, Nithya Neelakantan, Ting-ting Geng, Renwei Wang, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Aizhen Jin, Rob M. Van Dam, Woon-Puay Koh, Jian-Min Yuan. Diet quality indexes and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: Findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4647.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung N. Luu
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - Renwei Wang
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Aizhen Jin
- 3Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Woon-Puay Koh
- 3Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
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12
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Thomas CE, Luu HN, Wang R, Adams-Haduch J, Yuan JM, Jin A, Koh WP. Abstract 4641: Association between dietary tomato intake and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: Findings from a prospective cohort study. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-4641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Intake of tomato and/or lycopene have been found to be associated with reduced risk of several cancer types, but epidemiological data on risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are sparse.
Methods: The associations of tomato and lycopene consumption with risk of HCC were examined in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a prospective cohort of 63,257 Chinese men and women aged 45-74 years at enrollment in 1993-1998 with 25 years of follow-up. Tomato and lycopene consumption was evaluated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Incident HCC cases were ascertained through the linkage analysis with the nationwide Singapore cancer registry. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of HCC with the consumption of tomato and lycopene among all cohort participants, and unconditional logistic regression was used to assess the association among individuals negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
Results: After a mean follow-up of 17.6 years, 561 incident HCC cases were identified. Higher tomato intake was associated with lower risk of HCC after adjustment for multiple potential confounders (Ptrend<0.001). Compared to the lowest quartile, HRs (95% CIs) of HCC for the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile of tomato intake were 0.70 (0.56-0.88), 0.73 (0.58-0.92), and 0.63 (0.49-0.81). Among HBsAg-negative individuals, the inverse association remained (Ptrend=0.03). There was no association between lycopene intake and HCC risk (Ptrend=0.54).
Conclusion: Tomato intake may offer protection against the development of HCC, particularly among individuals without chronic infection with hepatitis B virus.
Citation Format: Claire E. Thomas, Hung N. Luu, Renwei Wang, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Jian-Min Yuan, Aizhen Jin, Woon-Puay Koh. Association between dietary tomato intake and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: Findings from a prospective cohort study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4641.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aizhen Jin
- 3Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
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13
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Luu HN, Wang R, Behari J, Adams-Haduch J, Odegaard AO, Bee GG, Jin A, Koh WP, Yuan JM. Abstract 2344: Composite score of healthy lifestyle factors and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: Findings from a prospective cohort study. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-2344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background. While the associations between individual lifestyle factors and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were examined substantially, their combined impact on HCC risk has not been evaluated.
Methods. The association of a composite score of healthy lifestyle factors, including body mass index, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, alternative Mediterranean Diet (aMED), and sleep duration, with the risk of developing HCC was examined in the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS), an on-going prospective cohort of 63,257 Chinese men and women aged 45-74 at enrollment in 1993-1998 with up to 25 years of follow-up. Cox proportional hazard regression method was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of HCC with the composite score after adjustment for multiple potential confounders. The unconditional logistic regression method was used to confirm the association between the composite lifestyle score and HCC risk among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative individuals to eliminate its potential confounding effect.
Results. After a mean follow-up of 17.7 years, 561 participants of the SCHS developed HCC. Individuals with higher composite scores, which represented for healthier lifestyles, were at significantly lower risk of HCC. Compared with the lowest composite score (i.e., 0-4), the HRs (95% CIs) for 5, 6, 7 and 8 were 0.48 (0.36-0.64), 0.44 (0.34-0.67), 0.37 (0.28-0.48), and 0.26 (0.17-0.39), respectively (Ptrend<0.001). A similar inverse association was observed in participants with negative HBsAg serology; HR was 0.12 (95% CI: 0.04-0.38) for the highest versus the lowest category of the composite scores (Ptrend=0.01).
Conclusion. Healthy lifestyles are protective against the development of HCC, especially for individuals without viral infection. This finding highlights the importance of a comprehensive lifestyle modification strategy for primary prevention of HCC.
Funding: The Singapore Chinese Health Study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) of the United States (grants # R01 CA144034 and UM1 CA182876).
Citation Format: Hung N. Luu, Renwei Wang, Jaideep Behari, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Andrew O. Odegaard, George Goh Bee, Aizhen Jin, Woon-Puay Koh, Jian-Min Yuan. Composite score of healthy lifestyle factors and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: Findings from a prospective cohort study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 2344.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung N. Luu
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Renwei Wang
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jaideep Behari
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | | | - Aizhen Jin
- 4Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- 4Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- 1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
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14
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Thomas CE, Luu HN, Wang R, Adams-Haduch J, Jin A, Koh WP, Yuan JM. Association between Dietary Tomato Intake and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Singapore Chinese Health Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1430-1435. [PMID: 32284341 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intake of tomato and/or lycopene has been associated with reduced risk of several cancers, but there is no report on the association with risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS The associations of tomato and lycopene consumption with risk of HCC were examined in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a prospective cohort of 63,257 Chinese ages 45 to 74 years at enrollment. Diet was assessed using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate HR and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of HCC with the consumption of tomato and lycopene among all cohort participants, and unconditional logistic regression was used to assess the association by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity in a nested case-control study. RESULTS After a mean follow-up of 17.6 years, 561 incident HCC cases were identified. Higher tomato intake was associated with lower risk of HCC after adjustment for potential confounders (P trend < 0.001). Compared with the lowest quartile, HRs (95% CIs) of HCC for the second, third, and fourth quartile of tomato intake were 0.70 (0.56-0.88), 0.73 (0.58-0.92), and 0.63 (0.49-0.81). Among HBsAg-negative individuals, the inverse association remained (P trend = 0.03). There was no association between lycopene intake and HCC risk (P trend = 0.54). CONCLUSIONS Tomato intake may offer protection against the development of HCC, particularly among individuals without chronic infection with hepatitis B virus. IMPACT Tomato intake is a low-cost preventative measure against HCC that may help reduce risk due to increasing rates of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Thomas
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hung N Luu
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. .,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Aizhen Jin
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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15
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Bassig BA, Shu XO, Sjödin A, Koh WP, Gao YT, Adams-Haduch J, Davis M, Wang R, Xiang YB, Engel LS, Purdue MP, Ji BT, Yang G, Jones RS, Langseth H, Hosgood HD, Grimsrud TK, Seow WJ, Wong JYY, Hu W, Chen D, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Lan Q, Rothman N. Prediagnostic blood levels of organochlorines and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in three prospective cohorts in China and Singapore. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:839-849. [PMID: 31001807 PMCID: PMC8244652 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Specific organochlorines (OCs) have been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) with varying degrees of evidence. These associations have not been evaluated in Asia, where the high exposure and historical environmental contamination of certain OC pesticides (e.g., dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [DDT], hexachlorocyclohexane [HCH]) are different from Western populations. We evaluated NHL risk and prediagnostic blood levels of OC pesticides/metabolites and polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in a case-control study of 167 NHL cases and 167 controls nested within three prospective cohorts in Shanghai and Singapore. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze lipid-adjusted OC levels and NHL risk. Median levels of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), the primary DDT metabolite, and β-HCH were up to 12 and 65 times higher, respectively, in samples from the Asian cohorts compared to several cohorts in the United States and Norway. An increased risk of NHL was observed among those with higher β-HCH levels both overall (3rd vs. 1st tertile OR = 1.8, 95%CI = 1.0-3.2; ptrend = 0.049) and after excluding cases diagnosed within 2 years of blood collection (3rd vs. 1st tertile OR = 2.0, 95%CI = 1.1-3.9; ptrend = 0.03), and the association was highly consistent across the three cohorts. No significant associations were observed for other OCs, including p,p'-DDE. Our findings provide support for an association between β-HCH blood levels and NHL risk. This is a concern because substantial quantities of persistent, toxic residues of HCH are present in the environment worldwide. Although there is some evidence that DDT is associated with NHL, our findings for p,p'-DDE do not support an association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Andreas Sjödin
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mark Davis
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Richard S Jones
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Hilde Langseth
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Tom K Grimsrud
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wei Jie Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Jason Y Y Wong
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Dazhe Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
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Thomas CE, Wang R, Adams-Haduch J, Murphy SE, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Brennan P, Johansson M, Gao YT, Yuan JM. Urinary Cotinine Is as Good a Biomarker as Serum Cotinine for Cigarette Smoking Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk Prediction. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:127-132. [PMID: 31685561 PMCID: PMC7695222 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cotinine is a metabolite of nicotine. Serum and urinary cotinine are validated biomarkers for cigarette exposure. Their performance for lung cancer risk prediction has not been simultaneously examined in epidemiologic studies. METHODS A nested case-control study, including 452 incident lung cancer cases and 452 smoking-matched controls in the Shanghai cohort study, was conducted. Mass spectrometry-based methods were used to quantify cotinine in serum and urine samples collected from current smokers at baseline, on average 10 years before cancer diagnosis of cases. Logistic regression was used to estimate ORs, 95% confidence intervals (CI), and AUC ROC for lung cancer associated with higher levels of cotinine. RESULTS Serum and urinary cotinine levels were significantly higher in lung cancer cases than controls. Compared with the lowest quartile serum cotinine (≤0.40 nmol/mL), the OR of lung cancer for smokers in the highest quartiles (>1.39 nmol/mL) was 5.46 (95% CI, 3.38-8.81). Similarly, the OR was 5.49 (95% CI, 3.39-8.87) for highest (>16.38 nmol/mg creatinine) relative to the lowest quartile of urinary total cotinine (≤4.11 nmol/mg creatinine). A risk prediction model yielded an AUC of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.69-0.75) for serum cotinine and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.69-0.75) for urinary total cotinine combined with smoking history. CONCLUSIONS Urinary and serum cotinine have the same performance in prediction of lung cancer risk for current smokers. IMPACT Urinary cotinine is a noninvasive biomarker that can replace serum cotinine in risk prediction of future lung cancer risk for current smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Thomas
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sharon E Murphy
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BioPhysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Per Magne Ueland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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17
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Luu HN, Huang JY, Wang R, Adams-Haduch J, Jin A, Koh WP, Yuan JM. Association between leukocyte telomere length and the risk of pancreatic cancer: Findings from a prospective study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221697. [PMID: 31465482 PMCID: PMC6715276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Telomeres and telomerase play important role in maintaining chromosome integrity and genomic stability. Recent epidemiologic data showed inconsistent findings which suggested that both short and long leukocyte telomeres could be associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer. We prospectively examined the association between telomere length and pancreatic cancer risk in a population-based cohort study. METHODS The Singapore Chinese Health Study recruited 63,257 Chinese aged 45 to 74 years from 1993 to 1998 in Singapore. Relative telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes was quantified using a validated monochrome multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction method in 26,540 participants, including 116 participants who later developed pancreatic cancer after an average of 13 years of follow-up. Cox proportional hazard regression method was used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of pancreatic cancer risk associated with telomere length, with adjustment for confounding factors. RESULTS Longer telomeres were significantly associated with higher risk of pancreatic cancer (Ptrend = 0.02). Compared with lowest quartile, subjects with highest quartile of telomere length had an HR of 2.18 (95% CI: 1.25-3.80) for developing pancreatic cancer. In stratified analysis, this association remained among pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients but not among pancreatic non-adenocarcinoma patients. In continuous scale, the HRs and 95% CIs were 3.08 (1.17-8.11) for adenocarcinoma patients and 1.47 (0.43-5.06) for non-adenocarcinoma patients. The HRs and 95% CIs of the highest quartile of telomere length, compared with the lowest quartile, for adenocarcinoma and non-adenocarcinoma were 2.50 (1.22-5.13) and 1.63 (0.66-4.03), respectively. The length of follow-up from the collection of blood for the measurement of telomere length to the diagnosis of cancer (median = 8.0, range: from 5.0 months to 16.2 years) had no significant impact on the association between telomere length and pancreatic cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that longer telomeres are associated with increased risk of overall pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung N. Luu
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, United States of America
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Joyce Y. Huang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Aizhen Jin
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, United States of America
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18
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Yuan JM, Grouls M, Carmella SG, Wang R, Heskin A, Jiang Y, Tan YT, Adams-Haduch J, Gao YT, Hecht SS. Prediagnostic levels of urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α and prostaglandin E2 metabolite, biomarkers of oxidative damage and inflammation, and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:989-997. [PMID: 30615102 PMCID: PMC7967701 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We conducted a nested case-control study of 347 HCC cases and 691 matched controls within a prospective cohort of 18 244 Chinese men in Shanghai, China. The concentrations of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epi-PGF2α), a biomarker of oxidative stress, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) metabolite (PGE-M), a biomarker of the inflammation mediator PGE2, were determined in baseline urine samples using validated mass spectrometry assays. 8-epi-PGF2α levels were significantly higher in HCC cases than control subjects (geometric means 0.92 versus 0.80 pmol/mg creatinine, P < 0.001). The relative risks of developing HCC for the highest relative to the lowest quartile of 8-epi-PGF2α were 2.55 (95% confidence interval = 1.62-4.01, Ptrend < 0.001). This positive 8-epi-PGF2α-HCC risk association was independent of smoking status, alcohol consumption and hepatitis B or liver cirrhosis and was present 10 years before the clinical manifestation of HCC. This study did not find any significant association between urinary PEG-M and HCC risk. This study provides direct evidence in support of the critical role of oxidative stress in the development of HCC regardless of its underlying causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Menno Grouls
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Steven G Carmella
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alisa Heskin
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yang Jiang
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yu-Ting Tan
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Stephen S Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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19
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Bassig BA, Shu XO, Sjodin A, Koh WP, Gao YT, Adams-Haduch J, Davis M, Wang R, Xiang YB, Purdue M, Ji BT, Yang G, Jones R, Hosgood HD, Seow WJ, Hu W, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Lan Q, Rothman N. Abstract 5043: Pre-diagnostic blood levels of organochlorines and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in three population-based cohorts in China and Singapore. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-5043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Organochlorines (OCs) are environmentally persistent compounds that have been extensively used as pesticides and for other industrial applications. Residues of OCs have been detected at hazardous waste sites and in various environmental media worldwide and serum levels of OCs continue to be detectable in the general population. Specific OCs have been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk with varying degrees of evidence. These associations have not been evaluated in Asia, where the exposure patterns of substantially high levels of certain OC pesticides and lower levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are different from Western populations. China accounted for nearly 20% of the worldwide production of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) through 1983 when it was restricted, and historical usage of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in China has been among the highest in the world.
Methods: We evaluated the risk of NHL in relation to pre-diagnostic blood levels of five OC pesticides/metabolites (hexachlorobenzene, β-HCH, oxychlordane, trans-nonachlor, and p,p’-DDE, the primary metabolite of DDT) and four PCB congeners (118, 138-158, 153, 180) in a case-control study of 167 NHL cases and 167 controls matched on age, sex, and blood collection date. The study was nested within three population-based cohorts of Chinese men and women in Shanghai and Singapore. Associations between lipid-adjusted OC concentrations and NHL risk were analyzed using conditional logistic regression.
Results: Median levels of p,p’-DDE and β-HCH were up to 12 and 65 times higher, respectively, in Shanghai (blood collected between 1986-2000) compared to reported levels in population-based cohorts in the United States (CLUE; Nurse’s Health Study) and Norway (Janus) with blood collected between 1972-1990. Median levels of p,p’-DDE and β-HCH were more comparable in Singapore (blood collected between 2000-2004) relative to the Western cohorts (1-2 fold concentration differences). Levels of β-HCH were associated with increased risk of overall NHL (3rd vs. 1st tertile OR=1.78, 95%CI=0.98-3.23; ptrend =0.049) in the pooled analysis of three cohorts. No significant associations were observed for other OCs and NHL risk, including for p,p’-DDE. Results for β-HCH and p,p’-DDE were consistent across cohorts.
Discussion: Associations between β-HCH and NHL risk have not been consistent in studies of Western populations. Our findings provide the first evidence suggesting associations between blood levels of β-HCH and NHL risk in a population in Asia that experienced far higher exposures. Although there is limited evidence that DDT (IARC Group 2A) is associated with NHL based on studies in Western populations, our findings among Asians, who had higher p,p’-DDE levels than reported in the general population in the West, do not support an association with environmental exposure.
Citation Format: Bryan A. Bassig, Xiao-Ou Shu, Andreas Sjodin, Woon-Puay Koh, Yu-Tang Gao, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Mark Davis, Renwei Wang, Yong-Bing Xiang, Mark Purdue, Bu-Tian Ji, Gong Yang, Richard Jones, H. Dean Hosgood, Wei Jie Seow, Wei Hu, Wei Zheng, Jian-Min Yuan, Qing Lan, Nathaniel Rothman. Pre-diagnostic blood levels of organochlorines and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in three population-based cohorts in China and Singapore [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5043.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreas Sjodin
- 3Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- 4Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Mark Davis
- 3Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Renwei Wang
- 6University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | | | - Gong Yang
- 2Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Richard Jones
- 3Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Wei Jie Seow
- 4Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Wei Zheng
- 2Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
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20
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Yuan JM, Grouls M, Carmella SG, Wang R, Heskin A, Jiang Y, Tan Y, Adams-Haduch J, Gao YT, Hecht SS. Abstract 2681: Prediagnostic levels of urinary 8- epi-prostaglandin F2α and prostaglandin E2 metabolite, biomarkers of oxidative damage and inflammation, and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-2681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Chronic inflammation causes persistent liver injury and consecutive regeneration, potentially leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis, and consequently, to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is one of the major end-products of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway, an enzyme that is an important mediator of inflammation. Oxidative stress, which results from the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by environmental risk factors or cellular mitochondrial dysfunction, may be involved in the progression of chronic liver disease to the development of HCC. 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epi-PGF2α) is a product of lipid peroxidation, which has been recognized as a specific, chemically stable, quantitative marker of systemic and integrated measure of oxidative stress.
Method: We evaluated the associations for urinary levels of 8-epi-PGF2α and PGE-M, a metabolite of PGE2, with HCC risk in a prospective cohort of 18,244 men in Shanghai, China. After 25 years of follow-up, 347 participants developed HCC. For each case, two control subjects were chosen and matched on age (±2 years), date of sample collection (±1 months), and neighborhood of residence. Urinary 8-epi-PGF2α and PGE-M were quantified using validated liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) assays. The logistic regression method was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) associated with higher levels of both urinary 8-epi-PGF2α and PGE-M.
Results: 8-epi-PGF2α levels were significantly higher in HCC cases than control subjects (geometric means 0.92 vs 0.80 pmol/mg creatinine, P <0.001). The OR of HCC for the highest relative to the lowest quartile of 8-epi-PGF2α were 2.51 (95% CI 1.60 - 3.93, P trend < 0.001) after adjustment for age, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, liver cirrhosis, and hepatitis
1 B surface antigen. This association remained significant after excluding all HCC cases diagnosed within the first 10 years of follow-up. The present study did not find any significant association between urinary PEG-M and HCC risk.
Discussion: 8-Isoprostanes have been found to be significantly elevated in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Our findings support a significant role of oxidative stress in the development of HCC, especially in those without traditional risk factors. The null finding on PGE-M and HCC risk is consistent with results of epidemiological studies that did not show a statistically significant association for HCC risk with use of COX-2 inhibitors.
Citation Format: Jian-Min Yuan, Menno Grouls, Steven G. Carmella, Renwei Wang, Alicia Heskin, Yang Jiang, Yuting Tan, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Yu-Tang Gao, Stephen S. Hecht. Prediagnostic levels of urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α and prostaglandin E2 metabolite, biomarkers of oxidative damage and inflammation, and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2681.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Menno Grouls
- 2Waginengen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuting Tan
- 5Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
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21
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Dorajoo R, Chang X, Gurung RL, Li Z, Wang L, Wang R, Beckman KB, Adams-Haduch J, M Y, Liu S, Meah WY, Sim KS, Lim SC, Friedlander Y, Liu J, van Dam RM, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Khor CC, Heng CK. Loci for human leukocyte telomere length in the Singaporean Chinese population and trans-ethnic genetic studies. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2491. [PMID: 31171785 PMCID: PMC6554354 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors underlying leukocyte telomere length (LTL) may provide insights into telomere homeostasis, with direct links to disease susceptibility. Genetic evaluation of 23,096 Singaporean Chinese samples identifies 10 genome-wide loci (P < 5 × 10-8). Several of these contain candidate genes (TINF2, PARP1, TERF1, ATM and POT1) with potential roles in telomere biology and DNA repair mechanisms. Meta-analyses with additional 37,505 European individuals reveals six more genome-wide loci, including associations at MPHOSPH6, NKX2-3 and TYMS. We demonstrate that longer LTL associates with protection against respiratory disease mortality [HR = 0.854(0.804-0.906), P = 1.88 × 10-7] in the Singaporean Chinese samples. We further show that the LTL reducing SNP rs7253490 associates with respiratory infections (P = 7.44 × 10-4) although this effect may not be strongly mediated through LTL. Our data expands on the genetic basis of LTL and may indicate on a potential role of LTL in immune competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Resham Lal Gurung
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 768828, Singapore
| | - Zheng Li
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Kenneth B Beckman
- University of Minnesota Genomics Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Yiamunaa M
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 768828, Singapore
| | - Sylvia Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 768828, Singapore
| | - Wee Yang Meah
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Kar Seng Sim
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 768828, Singapore
- Diabetes Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 768828, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 12272, Israel
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Health Systems and Services Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
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Perez-Paramo YX, Chen G, Ashmore JH, Watson CJW, Nasrin S, Adams-Haduch J, Wang R, Gao YT, Koh WP, Yuan JM, Lazarus P. Nicotine- N'-Oxidation by Flavin Monooxygenase Enzymes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 28:311-320. [PMID: 30381441 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The major mode of metabolism of nicotine is by hydroxylation via cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2A6, but it can also undergo glucuronidation by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and oxidation by flavin monooxygenases (FMO). The goal of this study was to examine the potential importance of FMOs in nicotine metabolism and assess the potential impact of missense polymorphisms in active FMOs on nicotine-N'-oxide (NOX) formation. METHODS Urine samples from 106 current Chinese smokers were analyzed for nicotine metabolites by mass spectrometry. Wild-type FMOs 1-5 and their most prevalent nonsynonymous variants were cloned and overexpressed in HEK293 cells, and were tested in oxidation reactions against nicotine. RESULTS A strong inverse correlation was observed between the ratio of urinary 3'-hydroxycotinine/cotinine, a measure of CYP2A6 activity, and the urinary levels of NOX alone (r = -0.383; P < 0.001) or NOX measured as a ratio of total nicotine metabolites (r = -0.414; P < 0.001) in smokers. In addition to FMO1 and FMO3, the functional FMO2427Q isoform was active against nicotine, whereas FMO4 and FMO5 exhibited low activity against nicotine (K m > 5.0 mmol/L). Significant (P < 0.05) decreases in N'-oxidation activity (V max/K m) were observed for the FMO1I303V, FMO3N61S, FMO3D132H, FMO3V257M, and FMO3E308G variants in vitro when compared with their respective wild-type isoforms; the truncated FMO2Q472stop isoform exhibited no enzyme activity. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that increases in nicotine-N'-oxidation occur in subjects with deficient CYP2A6 activity, and that several FMO enzymes are active in nicotine-N'-oxidation. IMPACT Several common missense FMO variants are associated with altered enzyme activity against nicotine and may play an important role in nicotine metabolism in low-CYP2A6 activity subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadira X Perez-Paramo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Joseph H Ashmore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Christy J W Watson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Shamema Nasrin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington.
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23
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Bassig BA, Willhauck-Fleckenstein M, Shu XO, Koh WP, Gao YT, Purdue MP, Xiang YB, Adams-Haduch J, Wang R, Brenner N, Waterboer T, Michel A, Ji BT, Hosgood HD, Rabkin CS, Yang G, Wong JYY, Zhang J, Hu W, Seow WJ, Chow WH, Pawlita M, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Lan Q, Rothman N. Serologic markers of viral infection and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A pooled study of three prospective cohorts in China and Singapore. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:570-579. [PMID: 29574937 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Incidence rates of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and distributions of certain viruses differ between East Asian and Western populations. There are limited data on associations between serologic markers of multiple viral infections in pre-diagnostic blood and NHL risk in East Asians. We conducted a nested case-control study of 214 NHL cases and 214 matched controls from three population-based prospective cohorts in Shanghai and Singapore. Antibodies against antigens from herpesviruses, Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) virus and polyomaviruses were measured in plasma or serum using fluorescent bead-based multiplex assays. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between antibody levels and NHL risk. An increased risk of NHL was observed for higher compared to lower EA-D (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.04, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.10-3.81; ptrend = 0.005) and ZEBRA (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 0.96-4.89; ptrend = 0.008) Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) antibodies, as well as for antibody seropositivity against the IE1A human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) antigen (OR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.04-3.29). An increased NHL risk was also observed for higher compared to lower antibodies against the HBV-HBc and HBe antigens. An increased risk of NHL in relation to EBV and HBV infection in East Asians is consistent with findings in several studies of Western populations, suggesting similar viral risk factors for NHL in these diverse populations with distinct patterns of NHL. The association between HHV-6 antibodies and NHL has not previously been reported in a prospective study in this population and will require replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Martina Willhauck-Fleckenstein
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nicole Brenner
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angelika Michel
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Charles S Rabkin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jason Y Y Wong
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Wei Jie Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Wong-Ho Chow
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD
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24
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Yuan JM, Carmella SG, Wang R, Tan YT, Adams-Haduch J, Gao YT, Hecht SS. Relationship of the oxidative damage biomarker 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α to risk of lung cancer development in the Shanghai Cohort Study. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:948-954. [PMID: 29726912 PMCID: PMC7190890 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that the pathogenesis of lung cancer induced by cigarette smoking involves oxidative damage by free radicals. Epidemiological data on biomarkers of oxidative damage and risk of lung cancer development are sparse. A nested case-control study of 610 lung cancer cases and 610 matched controls was conducted within a prospective cohort of 18 244 Chinese men in Shanghai, China. The concentrations of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epiPGF2α), a biomarker of oxidative stress, were determined in baseline urine samples using a validated mass-spectrometry assay. Current smokers had significantly higher level of 8-epiPGF2α than former smokers or never smokers (P < 0.001). 8-epiPGF2α levels were significantly higher in lung cancer cases than their smoking-matched controls in former and current smokers, but not different in never smokers (P for interaction = 0.019). The relative risks of developing lung cancer for former and current smokers in the highest relative to the lowest quartile of 8-epiPGF2α were 5.25 (Ptrend = 0.035) and 1.99 (Ptrend =0.007), respectively. The effect of 8-epiPGF2α and biomarkers of cigarette smoke exposure on lung cancer risk was additive; the relative risk was 5.33 (95% confidence interval = 2.65-7.51) for current smokers with the highest thirds of 8-epiPGF2α and total cotinine compared with their lowest thirds. Smokers with a heightened state of oxidative stress in response to the insults of cigarette smoking may be more susceptible to smoking-induced lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven G Carmella
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Ting Tan
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Stephen S Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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25
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Yuan JM, Beckman KB, Wang R, Bull C, Adams-Haduch J, Huang JY, Jin A, Opresko P, Newman AB, Zheng YL, Fenech M, Koh WP. Leukocyte telomere length in relation to risk of lung adenocarcinoma incidence: Findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Int J Cancer 2018; 142:2234-2243. [PMID: 29318605 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are crucial in the maintenance of chromosome integrity and genomic stability. Critically short telomeres can trigger programed cell death while cells with longer telomeres may have increased likelihood of replicative errors, resulting in genetic mutations and chromosomal alterations, and ultimately promoting oncogenesis. Data on telomere length and lung cancer risk from large prospective cohort studies are spare. Relative telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes was quantified using a validated monochrome multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method in 26,540 participants of the Singapore Chinese Health Study. After a follow-up of 12 years, 654 participants developed lung cancer including 288 adenocarcinoma, 113 squamous cell carcinoma and 253 other/unknown histological type. The Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). HR of lung adenocarcinoma for individuals in the highest comparing the lowest 20 percentile of telomere length was 2.84 (95% CI 1.94-4.14, ptrend < 0.0001). This positive association was present in never smokers (ptrend < 0.0001), ever smokers (ptrend = 0.0010), men (ptrend = 0.0003), women (ptrend < 0.0001), and in shorter (ptrend = 0.0002) and longer (ptrend = 0.0001) duration of follow-up. There was no association between telomere length and risk of squamous cell carcinoma or other histological type of lung cancer in all or subgroups of individuals. The agreement of results from this prospective cohort study with those of previous prospective studies and Mendelian randomization studies suggest a possible etiological role of telomere length in the development of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kenneth B Beckman
- University of Minnesota Genomics Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Caroline Bull
- Genome Health and Personalised Nutrition Laboratory, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Health and Biosecurity, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Joyce Y Huang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Aizhen Jin
- National Registry of Diseases Office, Health Promotion Board, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patricia Opresko
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Graduate School of Public Health, Center for Aging and Population Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yun-Ling Zheng
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Michael Fenech
- Genome Health and Personalised Nutrition Laboratory, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Health and Biosecurity, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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26
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Bassig BA, Michel A, Shu XO, Koh WP, Gao YT, Butler LM, Purdue M, Xiang YB, Adams-Haduch J, Wang R, Brenner N, Waterboer T, Willhauck-Fleckenstein M, Ji BT, Hosgood HD, Rabkin CS, Wong JY, Zhang J, Hu W, Yang G, Chow WH, Pawlita M, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Lan Q, Rothman N. Abstract 4245: Serologic markers of infection and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a pooled prospective study of three Chinese cohorts. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-4245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Infections with some viruses, including HIV and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in immunocompromised individuals, are known risk factors for specific subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Epidemiological studies have also provided evidence that hepatitis viruses, and EBV in immunocompetent individuals, may also be associated with NHL. There are limited population-based prospective studies with pre-diagnostic blood samples that have comprehensively evaluated viral biomarkers and NHL risk in East Asians, in whom the descriptive characteristics of NHL and the prevalence of certain viral infections differ compared to Western populations.
Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study of 214 NHL cases and 214 controls from three population-based prospective cohorts in Shanghai and Singapore. Cases and controls were individually matched by age, sex, date of blood draw, and cohort. Antibodies to 21 antigens associated with the evaluated viruses (herpesviruses, Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV), and polyomaviruses) were measured in plasma/serum using fluorescent bead-based multiplex serology. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between viral antibody levels measured as median fluorescence intensity and NHL.
Results: For herpesviruses, an increased risk of NHL was observed for higher compared to lower early antigen diffuse (EA-D) (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.2-4.1) and BZLF1-encoded replication activator (ZEBRA) (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.0-4.9) antibodies (rsp = +0.5) associated with EBV. An increased risk of NHL was also observed among those seropositive for the intermediate-early 1A antigen (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.0-3.3; rsp with EBV antibodies = +0.2) associated with human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6). For hepatitis viruses, a significant NHL risk was observed for higher compared to lower antibodies to the HBV-associated core (HBc) antigen (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1-3.1), and this risk was particularly apparent in those with the highest HBc and EBV EA-D antibody levels (OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 1.4-12.7) compared to the lowest. Seropositivity to HCV was low (1.4% cases; 0.9% controls). No associations with NHL risk were observed for individual polyomaviruses (BK, JC, TSV, MCV). Discussion: Our study of serologic markers of infection and NHL risk in three prospective population-based studies of Chinese individuals suggests a role of specific viral agents in lymphomagenesis. The findings for EBV are consistent with some data from Western cohorts and indicate that EBV reactivation may be associated with NHL risk in the Chinese general population. HHV-6 is a lymphotropic virus that has been observed in some retrospective studies to be associated with lymphoma, but to our knowledge has not previously been associated with NHL prospectively in the general population. HBV is endemic to regions of East Asia, including China, and our data suggest that high levels of antibodies to the HBc antigen may be a marker for NHL risk.
Citation Format: Bryan A. Bassig, Angelika Michel, Xiao-Ou Shu, Woon-Puay Koh, Yu-Tang Gao, Lesley M. Butler, Mark Purdue, Yong-Bing Xiang, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Renwei Wang, Nicole Brenner, Tim Waterboer, Martina Willhauck-Fleckenstein, Bu-Tian Ji, H. Dean Hosgood, Charles S. Rabkin, Jason Y.Y. Wong, Jinming Zhang, Wei Hu, Gong Yang, Wong-Ho Chow, Michael Pawlita, Wei Zheng, Jian-Min Yuan, Qing Lan, Nathaniel Rothman. Serologic markers of infection and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a pooled prospective study of three Chinese cohorts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4245. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4245
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- 3Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | | | | | | | | | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- 7Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Renwei Wang
- 6University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nicole Brenner
- 2German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- 2German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gong Yang
- 3Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Wong-Ho Chow
- 9The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Wei Zheng
- 3Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- 6University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
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27
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Yuan JM, Nelson HH, Carmella SG, Wang R, Kuriger-Laber J, Jin A, Adams-Haduch J, Hecht SS, Koh WP, Murphy SE. CYP2A6 genetic polymorphisms and biomarkers of tobacco smoke constituents in relation to risk of lung cancer in the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:411-418. [PMID: 28182203 PMCID: PMC6248819 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) catalyzes the metabolism of nicotine and the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Genetic variation in CYP2A6 may affect smoking behavior and contribute to lung cancer risk. A nested case-control study of 197 lung cancer cases and 197 matched controls was conducted within a prospective cohort of 63 257 Chinese men and women in Singapore. Quantified were five genetic variants of CYP2A6 (*1A, *4, *7, *9 and *12) and urinary metabolites of nicotine [total nicotine, total cotinine, total trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (3HC)] and NNK (total NNAL, free NNAL, NNAL-glucuronide, NNAL-N-glucuronide, and NNAL-O-glucuronide). Higher urinary metabolites of nicotine and NNK were significantly associated with a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of lung cancer after adjustment for smoking intensity and duration. Lower CYP2A6-determined nicotine metabolizer status was significantly associated with a lower ratio of total 3HC over total cotinine, lower total nicotine equivalent and reduced risk of developing lung cancer (all Ptrend < 0.001). Compared with normal metabolizers, odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of developing lung cancer for intermediate, slow and poor metabolizers determined by CYP2A6 genotypes were 0.85 (0.41-1.77), 0.55 (0.28-1.08) and 0.32 (0.15-0.70), respectively, after adjustment for smoking intensity and duration and urinary total nicotine equivalents. Thus the reduced risk of lung cancer in smokers with lower CYP2A6 activity may be explained by lower consumption of cigarettes, less intense smoking and reduced CYP2A6-catalyzed activation of the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen NNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Heather H Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Steven G Carmella
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Aizhen Jin
- National Registry of Diseases Office, Health Promotion Board, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen S Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore and
| | - Sharon E Murphy
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BioPhysics, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
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28
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Dyba M, Yuan JM, Adams-Haduch J, Chung FL. Abstract 2622: A LC-MS/MS method to quantify specific dietary isothiocyanates in human urine for epidemiological studies. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between the intake of cruciferous vegetables and risk of cancers. The protective effects may be attributed to glucosinolates and glucobrassicins in these vegetables. While glucosinolates and glucobrassicins are not chemopreventive, their metabolites, isothiocyanates (ITCs), indole-3-carbinol (I3C), and 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM), have been shown to inhibit tumorigenesis in rodent models. In the past studies the total ITCs intake was estimated through food frequency questionnaires and/or urinary total ITC by a HPLC-based method. Self-reported intake of cruciferous vegetables has inherent limitations in estimating the intake of ITCs because of differences in the contents of their precursors present in different kinds of cruciferous vegetables, different locations and methods of cultivation, or different methods of food preparation. Animal and cell culture studies have shown that different types of ITCs have different anticancer properties and potency, suggesting that they are not equal in protecting against the development of cancers. The lack of a reliable method to quantify specific ITCs derived from dietary intake of cruciferous vegetables hinders the investigation of the role of specific ITCs against the development of cancer in human populations. To address this deficiency, we developed a flexible, highly sensitive, fast and reliable quantitative liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) for detecting and quantifying common dietary ITCs plus DIM in human urine. Urinary ITCs are measured as mercapturic acid conjugates (ITCs-NAC), predominant metabolite of ITCs, using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) technique and deuterated [2H3]-ITCs-NAC as internal standards. DIM is quantified in separate experiment using [2H2]-DIM internal standard. The method was validated by a small set of previously analyzed samples from Singapore Chinese Health Study. We found an excellent correlation between previously reported total ITCs levels and sum of ITCs detected by newly developed method. The combination of minimal sample preparation, ultra-performance liquid chromatography, and highly sensitive mass spectrometer resulted in a method that is fast (below 10 min for ITCs and 12 min for DIM) and sensitive (low femtomolar LOQ) amenable to population studies.
Citation Format: Marcin Dyba, Jian-Min Yuan, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Fung-Lung Chung. A LC-MS/MS method to quantify specific dietary isothiocyanates in human urine for epidemiological studies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2622.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Dyba
- 1Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
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29
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Thyagarajan B, Wang R, Koh WP, Barcelo H, Adams-Haduch J, Guan W, Bostick RM, Yuan JM, Gross MD. Abstract 4281: Mitochondrial DNA copy number, urinary isoprostanes and colorectal cancer risk. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-4281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Previous epidemiological studies on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and risk of colorectal cancer have yielded mixed results. One study reported a positive association, another reported an inverse association, and a third, a U-shaped association of mtDNA copy number with colorectal cancer risk. Since oxidative stress is one of the proposed underlying mechanisms that may link mtDNA copy number variation to colorectal cancer risk, we conducted a matched case-control study of incident colorectal cancer nested within the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Pre-diagnostic blood and urine samples were obtained from 448 colorectal cancer cases and 869 age- and sex-matched controls. The mtDNA copy number in peripheral white cells was measured using real time PCR and urinary F2-isoprostanes were quantified using a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry based method. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate associations of mtDNA copy number and urinary F2-isoprostanes with incident colorectal cancer. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for those in the highest relative to those in the lowest quartiles of relative mtDNA copy numbers and urinary F2-isoprostanes were 1.02 (95% CI 0.72 - 1.43; p for trend = 0.56) and 1.11 (95% CI 0.78-1.59; p for trend = 0.35) respectively. Urinary F2-isoprostanes levels were not associated with the mtDNA copy number among the controls (r = 0.03; p = 0.33). The results of this prospective study suggest that white blood cell mtDNA copy number or urinary levels of F2-isoprostanes in biospecimens collected several years prior to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer may not be associated with risk of developing colorectal cancer.
Citation Format: Bharat Thyagarajan, Renwei Wang, Woon-Puay Koh, Helene Barcelo, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Weihua Guan, Roberd M. Bostick, Jian-Min Yuan, Myron D. Gross. Mitochondrial DNA copy number, urinary isoprostanes and colorectal cancer risk. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4281.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renwei Wang
- 2University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian-Min Yuan
- 2University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
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30
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Yuan JM, Nelson HH, Butler LM, Carmella SG, Wang R, Kuriger-Laber JK, Adams-Haduch J, Hecht SS, Gao YT, Murphy SE. Genetic determinants of cytochrome P450 2A6 activity and biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure in relation to risk of lung cancer development in the Shanghai cohort study. Int J Cancer 2016; 138:2161-71. [PMID: 26662855 PMCID: PMC5155585 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) catalyzes nicotine metabolism and contributes to the metabolism of the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen, NNK. Genetic variation in CYP2A6 may affect smoking behavior and contribute to lung cancer risk. A nested case-control study of 325 lung cancer cases and 356 controls was conducted within a prospective cohort of 18,244 Chinese men in Shanghai, China. Quantified were 4 allelic variants of CYP2A6 [*1(+51A), *4, *7, and *9] and urinary total nicotine, total cotinine, total trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (3HC) and total NNAL (an NNK metabolite). Calculated were total nicotine equivalents (TNE), the sum of total nicotine, total cotinine and total 3HC and the total 3HC:total cotinine ratio as a measure of CYP2A6 activity. The nicotine metabolizer status (normal, intermediate, slow and poor) was determined by CYP2A6 genotypes. The smoking-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of lung cancer for the highest vs lowest quartile of total nicotine, total cotinine, total 3HC, TNE and total NNAL were 3.03 (1.80-5.10), 4.70 (2.61-8.46), 4.26 (2.37-7.68), 4.71 (2.61-8.52), and 3.15 (1.86-5.33) (all Ptrend < 0.001), respectively. Among controls CYP2A6 poor metabolizers had a 78% lower total 3HC:total cotinine ratio and 72% higher total nicotine (Ptrend ≤ 0.002). Poor metabolizers had an odds ratio of 0.64 (95% confidence interval = 0.43-0.97) for lung cancer, which was statistically nonsignificant (odds ratio = 0.74, 95% confidence interval = 0.48-1.15) after adjustment for urinary TNE and smoking intensity and duration. The lower lung cancer risk observed in CYP2A6 poor metabolizers is partially explained by the strong influence of CYP2A6 genetic polymorphisms on nicotine uptake and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Heather H. Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Lesley M. Butler
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven G. Carmella
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephen S. Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sharon E. Murphy
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BioPhysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
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31
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Yuan JM, Stepanov I, Murphy SE, Wang R, Allen S, Jensen J, Strayer L, Adams-Haduch J, Upadhyaya P, Le C, Kurzer MS, Nelson HH, Yu MC, Hatsukami D, Hecht SS. Clinical Trial of 2-Phenethyl Isothiocyanate as an Inhibitor of Metabolic Activation of a Tobacco-Specific Lung Carcinogen in Cigarette Smokers. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:396-405. [PMID: 26951845 PMCID: PMC4854759 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
2-Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a natural product found as a conjugate in watercress and other cruciferous vegetables, is an inhibitor of the metabolic activation and lung carcinogenicity of the tobacco carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in F344 rats and A/J mice. We carried out a clinical trial to determine whether PEITC also inhibits the metabolic activation of NNK in smokers. Cigarette smokers were recruited and asked to smoke cigarettes containing deuterium-labeled [pyridine-D4]NNK for an acclimation period of at least 1 week. Then subjects were randomly assigned to one of two arms: PEITC followed by placebo, or placebo followed by PEITC. During the 1-week treatment period, each subject took PEITC (10 mg in 1 mL of olive oil, 4 times per day). There was a 1-week washout period between the PEITC and placebo periods. The NNK metabolic activation ratio [pyridine-D4]hydroxy acid/total [pyridine-D4]NNAL was measured in urine samples to test the hypothesis that PEITC treatment modified NNK metabolism. Eighty-two smokers completed the study and were included in the analysis. Overall, the NNK metabolic activation ratio was reduced by 7.7% with PEITC treatment (P = 0.023). The results of this trial, while modest in effect size, provide a basis for further investigation of PEITC as an inhibitor of lung carcinogenesis by NNK in smokers. Cancer Prev Res; 9(5); 396-405. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Irina Stepanov
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sharon E Murphy
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BioPhysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sharon Allen
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Joni Jensen
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Lori Strayer
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Pramod Upadhyaya
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Chap Le
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mindy S Kurzer
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Heather H Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mimi C Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dorothy Hatsukami
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Stephen S Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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32
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Bassig BA, Shu XO, Koh WP, Gao YT, Purdue MP, Butler LM, Adams-Haduch J, Xiang YB, Kemp TJ, Wang R, Pinto LA, Zheng T, Ji BT, Hosgood HD, Hu W, Yang G, Zhang H, Chow WH, Kim C, Seow WJ, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Lan Q, Rothman N. Abstract 846: Soluble levels of CD27 and CD30 are associated with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a pooled analysis of three prospective cohorts of Chinese men and women in Shanghai and Singapore. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recent prospective studies conducted in Western populations among mostly Caucasians have suggested that higher levels of soluble CD27 (sCD27) and soluble CD30 (sCD30), two markers indicative of B-cell activation, are associated with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), with significant associations persisting in individuals who were diagnosed with NHL >10 years after blood collection. However, there are currently no molecular epidemiologic data evaluating whether these biomarkers are associated with NHL risk in East Asian populations, in whom the descriptive characteristics of NHL in terms of subtype distributions and incidence rates are quite different from those in Western countries. To explore potential mechanistic commonalities for NHL in these populations, we conducted a pooled nested case-control study from three prospective studies of Chinese men and women including 218 NHL cases and 218 individually matched controls. Levels of sCD27 and sCD30 were measured in all study subjects at the same time using ELISA. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to quartile levels of sCD27 or sCD30 in all study controls. An increased risk of NHL in the pooled population was observed for elevated levels of both sCD27 and sCD30. Compared to the lowest quartile, ORs (95% CIs) for the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles of sCD27 were 1.60 (0.83-3.09), 1.94 (0.98-3.83), and 4.45 (2.25-8.81), respectively (ptrend = 0.000005). The corresponding ORs (95% CIs) for sCD30 were 1.74 (0.85-3.58), 1.86 (0.94-3.67), and 5.15 (2.62-10.12) (ptrend = 0.0000002). These associations remained statistically significant in individuals diagnosed with NHL 10 or more years after blood draw. Notably, the magnitude of the associations with risk of NHL was very similar to those in Western populations in previous studies. These findings of the similar association between sCD27 or sCD30 and NHL risk across different populations support an important underlying mechanism of B-cell activation in lymphomagenesis.
Citation Format: Bryan A. Bassig, Xiao-Ou Shu, Woon-Puay Koh, Yu-Tang Gao, Mark P. Purdue, Lesley M. Butler, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Yong-Bing Xiang, Troy J. Kemp, Renwei Wang, Ligia A. Pinto, Tongzhang Zheng, Bu-Tian Ji, H. Dean Hosgood, Wei Hu, Gong Yang, Heping Zhang, Wong-Ho Chow, Christopher Kim, Wei Jie Seow, Wei Zheng, Jian-Min Yuan, Qing Lan, Nathaniel Rothman. Soluble levels of CD27 and CD30 are associated with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a pooled analysis of three prospective cohorts of Chinese men and women in Shanghai and Singapore. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 846. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-846
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- 2Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- 3Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Mark P. Purdue
- 5Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- 7Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Troy J. Kemp
- 8Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Renwei Wang
- 6University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ligia A. Pinto
- 8Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | | | | | | | | | - Gong Yang
- 2Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Wong-Ho Chow
- 11The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Wei Zheng
- 2Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- 6University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
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33
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Bassig BA, Shu XO, Koh WP, Gao YT, Purdue MP, Butler LM, Adams-Haduch J, Xiang YB, Kemp TJ, Wang R, Pinto LA, Zheng T, Ji BT, Hosgood HD, Hu W, Yang G, Zhang H, Chow WH, Kim C, Seow WJ, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Lan Q, Rothman N. Soluble levels of CD27 and CD30 are associated with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in three Chinese prospective cohorts. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:2688-95. [PMID: 26095604 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Prospective studies conducted in Western populations have suggested that alterations in soluble CD27 (sCD27) and soluble CD30 (sCD30), two markers indicative of B-cell activation, are associated with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Given that the characteristics of NHL in East Asia differ from the West and mechanistic commonalities between these populations with respect to the role of intermediate endpoint biomarkers in lymphomagenesis have not been explored, we conducted a pooled nested case-control study from three prospective studies of Chinese men and women including 218 NHL cases and 218 individually matched controls. Compared with the lowest quartile, ORs (95% CIs) for the second, third and fourth quartiles of sCD27 were 1.60 (0.83-3.09), 1.94 (0.98-3.83) and 4.45 (2.25-8.81), respectively (p(trend) = 0.000005). The corresponding ORs for sCD30 were 1.74 (0.85-3.58), 1.86 (0.94-3.67) and 5.15 (2.62-10.12; p(trend) = 0.0000002). These associations remained statistically significant in individuals diagnosed with NHL 10 or more years after blood draw. Notably, the magnitude of the associations with NHL risk was very similar to those in Western populations in previous studies. These findings of the similar association between sCD27 or sCD30 and NHL risk across different populations support an important underlying mechanism of B-cell activation in lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lesley M Butler
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jennifer Adams-Haduch
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Troy J Kemp
- HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Renwei Wang
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ligia A Pinto
- HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | | | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Heping Zhang
- Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | - Wong-Ho Chow
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Christopher Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Wei Jie Seow
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
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