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Sutisna, Rokhmat M, Wibowo E, Khairurrijal, Abdullah M. Coating TiO 2 nanoparticles on the surface of transparent plastic granules using combined electrostatic and heating methods for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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52
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Ramírez-Sánchez IM, Tuberty S, Hambourger M, Bandala ER. Resource efficiency analysis for photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of estriol using TiO 2 nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:1270-1285. [PMID: 28672726 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A resource efficiency analysis was developed that evaluated photocatalyst loading and temperature inputs, and assessed hydroxyl radical (OH) production. Catalyst loading (Aeroxide® TiO2 P25) between 1 and 1500 mg L-1 and temperatures between 5 and 50 °C were analyzed as input resources for OH production. After, the best experimental conditions were used to degrade and mineralize estriol (E3). The analysis showed that a low catalyst concentration lead to poor absorption of radiation and a slow reaction. When high catalyst concentrations were tested, most of the radiation was absorbed, which produced results near the top of the slowing rate of OH generation. Temperature was found a relevant resource for increasing interfacial transfer to facilitate OH production following the Arrhenius model. Two indices to measure resource efficiency were proposed: 1) the OH generation index (OHI) and 2) the initial degradation efficiency (IDE). OHI was used to measure the efficiency of a catalyst using photonic flux to generate OH production. IDE evaluated the relationship between the photocatalytic reactor set-up, catalyst, and E3 degradation. It was observed that 1.18 OH was produced when a photon interacts with a photocatalyst particle when a load of 5 mg L-1 of photocatalyst is used at 20 °C. It was found that at initial time, 2.4 OH was generated in the systems to produce a degradation of one E3 molecule when using a photocatalyst load of 20 mg L-1 at 20 °C. Additionally, it was demonstrated that E3 mineralization was feasible under different catalyst loading scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shea Tuberty
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, 28608, USA
| | - Mike Hambourger
- Department of Chemistry, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, 28608, USA
| | - Erick R Bandala
- Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 755 E, Flamingo Road, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
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53
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Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors (PMRs) in Water Treatment: Configurations and Influencing Factors. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7080224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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54
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Ali AMM, Kallenborn R, Sydnes LK, Rønning HT, Alarif WM, Al-Lihaibi S. Photolysis of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the marine environment under simulated sunlight conditions: irradiation and identification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:14657-14668. [PMID: 28455569 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical fate of 16 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) found in the environment has been studied under controlled laboratory conditions applying a sunlight simulator. Aqueous samples containing PPCPs at environmentally relevant concentrations were extracted by solid-phase extraction (SPE) after irradiation. The exposed extracts were subsequently analysed by liquid chromatography combined with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) for studying the kinetics of photolytic transformations. Almost all exposed PPCPs appeared to react with a half-life time (τ 1/2) of less than 30 min. For ranitidine, sulfamethoxazole, diclofenac, warfarin, sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin, τ1/2 was found to be even less than 5 min. The structures of major photolysis products were determined using quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QToF) and spectroscopic data reported in the literature. For diclofenac, the transformation products carbazol-1-yl-acidic acid and 8-chloro-9H-carbazol-1-yl-acetic acid were identified based on the mass/charge ratio of protonated ions and their fragmentation pattern in negative electrospray ionization (ESI--QTOF). Irradiation of carbamazepine resulted in three known products: acridine, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide, and 10,11-dihydro-10,11-dihydroxy-carbamazepine, whereas acetaminophen was photolytically transformed to 1-(2-amino-5 hydroxyphenyl) ethenone. These photochemical products were subsequently identified in seawater or fish samples collected at sites exposed to wastewater effluents on the Saudi Arabian coast of the Red Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasim Musa Mohamed Ali
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80207, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roland Kallenborn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Sciences (KBM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Christian M. Falsen veg 1, NO-1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - Leiv Kristen Sydnes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7803, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Helene Thorsen Rønning
- School of Veterinary Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ullevålsveien 72, -0454, Oslo, NO, Norway
| | - Walied Mohamed Alarif
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80207, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Al-Lihaibi
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80207, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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55
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Song L, Zhu B, Gray S, Duke M, Muthukumaran S. Performance of Hybrid Photocatalytic-Ceramic Membrane System for the Treatment of Secondary Effluent. MEMBRANES 2017; 7:E20. [PMID: 28350320 PMCID: PMC5489854 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of an advanced wastewater treatment system that combines photocatalysis with ceramic membrane filtration for the treatment of secondary effluent was undertaken. The results showed that, after photocatalysis and ceramic membrane filtration, the removal of dissolved organic carbon and UV254 was 60% and 54%, respectively, at a concentration of 4 g/L of TiO₂. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) present in the secondary effluent was characterised with a liquid chromatography-organic carbon detector (LC-OCD) technique. The results showed low removal of humics, building blocks, the other oxidation by-products and no removal of biopolymers after TiO₂/UV photocatalytic treatment. This suggested that the radical non-selective oxidation mechanisms of TiO₂/UV process resulted in secondary effluent in which all of the DOM fractions were present. However, the hybrid system was effective for removing biopolymers with the exception of low molecular weight (LMW) compounds acids, which accumulated from the beginning of the reaction. In addition, monitoring of the DOM fractions with LC-OCD analysis demonstrated that the reduction of the effluent aromaticity was not firmly correlated with the removal of humic substances for the combined processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Song
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Stephen Gray
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Mikel Duke
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Shobha Muthukumaran
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
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56
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Veiga-Gómez M, Nebot C, Franco CM, Miranda JM, Vázquez B, Cepeda A. Identification and quantification of 12 pharmaceuticals in water collected from milking parlors: Food safety implications. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:3373-3383. [PMID: 28259402 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of drug residues into the food chain and their presence in drinking water has been recently investigated. The aim of this work was to monitor the presence of 19 active drugs in water samples collected from milking parlors of dairy farms located in Galicia (northwest Spain), one of the main Spanish milking areas. Overall, 65% of the samples tested positive for at least one of the compounds analyzed. A total of 12 drugs were measured, with concentrations ranging between 17 and 3,941 ng/L. Considering that a mixture of compounds may contribute to the overall effect of each compound and might increase or reduce its toxicity, it should be noted that 29% of the samples tested contained more than one pharmaceutical. To date, the effects of the continuous consumption of these mixtures of drugs in water or milk are unknown; however, antimicrobials may affect the human gut microbiota or have toxic effects in sensitive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Veiga-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Pavillón 4, Planta Baixa, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Carolina Nebot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Pavillón 4, Planta Baixa, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Carlos Manuel Franco
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Pavillón 4, Planta Baixa, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Miranda
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Pavillón 4, Planta Baixa, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Vázquez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Pavillón 4, Planta Baixa, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Alberto Cepeda
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Pavillón 4, Planta Baixa, 27002 Lugo, Spain
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57
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Cates EL. Photocatalytic Water Treatment: So Where Are We Going with This? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:757-758. [PMID: 28060491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ezra L. Cates
- Department of Environmental
Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, South Carolina 29625, United States
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58
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Tiwari B, Sellamuthu B, Ouarda Y, Drogui P, Tyagi RD, Buelna G. Review on fate and mechanism of removal of pharmaceutical pollutants from wastewater using biological approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 224:1-12. [PMID: 27889353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to research advancement and discoveries in the field of medical science, maintains and provides better human health and safer life, which lead to high demand for production of pharmaceutical compounds with a concomitant increase in population. These pharmaceutical (biologically active) compounds were not fully metabolized by the body and excreted out in wastewater. This micro-pollutant remains unchanged during wastewater treatment plant operation and enters into the receiving environment via the discharge of treated water. Persistence of pharmaceutical compounds in both surface and ground waters becomes a major concern due to their potential eco-toxicity. Pharmaceuticals (emerging micro-pollutants) deteriorate the water quality and impart a toxic effect on living organisms. Therefore, from last two decades, plenty of studies were conducted on the occurrence, impact, and removal of pharmaceutical residues from the environment. This review provides an overview on the fate and removal of pharmaceutical compounds via biological treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yassine Ouarda
- INRS Eau, Terre et Environnement, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | - Patrick Drogui
- INRS Eau, Terre et Environnement, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | | | - Gerardo Buelna
- Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec (CRIQ), Québec (Québec), Canada
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59
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Merel S, Snyder SA. Critical assessment of the ubiquitous occurrence and fate of the insect repellent N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide in water. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 96:98-117. [PMID: 27639850 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The insect repellent diethyltoluamide (DEET) is among the most frequently detected organic chemical contaminants in water across a wide range of geographies from around the world. These observations are raising critical questions and increasing concerns regarding potential environmental relevance, particularly when the emergence of severe neurological conditions attributed to the Zika virus has increased the use of insect repellents. After dermal application, DEET is washed from the skin when bathing and enters the municipal sewer system before discharge into the environment. Mainly measured by gas chromatography or liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS or LC-MS), more than 200 peer-reviewed publications have already reported concentrations of DEET ranging ng/L to mg/L in several water matrices from North America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and more recently Africa and South America. While conventional wastewater treatment technology has limited capacity of removal, advanced technologies are capable of better attenuation and could lower the environmental discharge of organic contaminants, including DEET. For instance, adsorption on activated carbon, desalinating membrane processes (nanofiltration and reverse osmosis), ozonation, and advanced oxidation processes can achieve 50% to essentially 100% DEET attenuation. Despite the abundant literature on the topic, the ubiquity of DEET in the environment still raises questions due to the apparent lack of obvious spatio-temporal trends in concentrations measured in surface water, which does not fit the expected usage pattern of insect repellents. Moreover, two recent studies showed discrepancies between the concentrations obtained by GC-MS and LC-MS analyses. While the occurrence of DEET in the environment is well established, the concentrations reported should be interpreted cautiously, considering the disparities in methodologies applied and occurrence patterns observed. Therefore, this manuscript provides a critical overview of the origin of DEET in the environment, the relevant analytical methods, the occurrence reported in peer-reviewed literature, and the attenuation efficacy of water treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Merel
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 James E. Rogers Way, Tucson 85721, AZ, USA; Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Center for Applied Geoscience, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 12 Hölderlinstraße, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Shane A Snyder
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 James E. Rogers Way, Tucson 85721, AZ, USA.
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60
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Alvarez-Corena JR, Bergendahl JA, Hart FL. Advanced oxidation of five contaminants in water by UV/TiO2: Reaction kinetics and byproducts identification. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 181:544-551. [PMID: 27423767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The extent and kinetics of degradation of 1,4 dioxane, n-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), tris-2-chloroethyl phosphate (TCEP), gemfibrozil, and 17β estradiol in a prepared aqueous matrix by means of UV/TiO2 (ultraviolet light/titanium dioxide) oxidation was evaluated. Degussa P25 TiO2 was employed as a photocatalyst excited by UV light in a 1 L water-jacketed batch photoreactor. The rate of degradation was modeled using a pseudo-first order rate model and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood rate model with a high correlation. Degradation rate constants were found to be maximum at pH 5.0 and 1.5 g L(-)(1) TiO2 dose. For these conditions first order rate constants, values were as follows: 0.29 min(-1) for 1,4 dioxane, 0.50 min(-1) for NDMA, 0.12 min(-1) for TCEP, 0.61 min(-1) for gemfibrozil, and 0.53 min(-1) for 17β estradiol. While for the Langmuir-Hinshelwood rate model, the following constants were found: 0.11 Lmg(-1) and 2.81 mgL(-1) min(-1) for 1,4 dioxane, 0.12 Lmg(-1) and 4.35 mgL(-1) min(-1) for NDMA, 0.06 Lmg(-1) and 1.79 mgL(-1) min(-1) for TCEP, 0.21 Lmg(-1) and 3.27 mgL(-1) min(-1) for gemfibrozil, and 0.15 Lmg(-1) and 3.43 mgL(-1) min(-1) for 17β estradiol. In addition, specific byproducts of degradation were identified using GC/MS analysis. The results obtained from the kinetics analysis showed that UV/TiO2 oxidation is a promising process for treating trace organic contaminants in water, but further research is needed to better understand how to incorporate these findings into pilot and full-scale designs. The toxicity of oxidation byproducts, and their potential for interacting with other compounds should be considered in the treatment of contaminated waters using the UV/TiO2 oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose R Alvarez-Corena
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, MA, 01609, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - John A Bergendahl
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, MA, 01609, USA.
| | - Fred L Hart
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, MA, 01609, USA.
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61
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Zhang Y, Zhao P, Li J, Hou D, Wang J, Liu H. A hybrid process combining homogeneous catalytic ozonation and membrane distillation for wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 160:134-140. [PMID: 27372262 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel catalytic ozonation membrane reactor (COMR) coupling homogeneous catalytic ozonation and direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was developed for refractory saline organic pollutant treatment from wastewater. An ozonation process took place in the reactor to degrade organic pollutants, whilst the DCMD process was used to recover ionic catalysts and produce clean water. It was found that 98.6% total organic carbon (TOC) and almost 100% salt were removed and almost 100% metal ion catalyst was recovered. TOC in the permeate water was less than 16 mg/L after 5 h operation, which was considered satisfactory as the TOC in the potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) feed water was as high as 1000 mg/L. Meanwhile, the membrane distillation flux in the COMR process was 49.8% higher than that in DCMD process alone after 60 h operation. Further, scanning electron microscope images showed less amount and smaller size of contaminants on the membrane surface, which indicated the mitigation of membrane fouling. The tensile strength and FT-IR spectra tests did not reveal obvious changes for the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane after 60 h operation, which indicated the good durability. This novel COMR hybrid process exhibited promising application prospects for saline organic wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Deyin Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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62
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Chang S, Yang X, Sang Y, Liu H. Highly Efficient Photocatalysts and Continuous-Flow Photocatalytic Reactors for Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:2352-71. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sujie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiu Yang
- Basic Research Service; Ministry of Science and Technology; of the People's Republic of China; Beijing 100862 P.R. China
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 P.R. China
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63
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Muhamad MS, Salim MR, Lau WJ, Yusop Z. A review on bisphenol A occurrences, health effects and treatment process via membrane technology for drinking water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:11549-11567. [PMID: 26939684 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Massive utilization of bisphenol A (BPA) in the industrial production of polycarbonate plastics has led to the occurrence of this compound (at μg/L to ng/L level) in the water treatment plant. Nowadays, the presence of BPA in drinking water sources is a major concern among society because BPA is one of the endocrine disruption compounds (EDCs) that can cause hazard to human health even at extremely low concentration level. Parallel to these issues, membrane technology has emerged as the most feasible treatment process to eliminate this recalcitrant contaminant via physical separation mechanism. This paper reviews the occurrences and effects of BPA toward living organisms as well as the application of membrane technology for their removal in water treatment plant. The potential applications of using polymeric membranes for BPA removal are also discussed. Literature revealed that modifying membrane surface using blending approach is the simple yet effective method to improve membrane properties with respect to BPA removal without compromising water permeability. The regeneration process helps in maintaining the performances of membrane at desired level. The application of large-scale membrane process in treatment plant shows the feasibility of the technology for removing BPA and possible future prospect in water treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Suliza Muhamad
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Research Institute for Sustainable Environment (RISE), Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Razman Salim
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Research Institute for Sustainable Environment (RISE), Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Woei Jye Lau
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Zulkifli Yusop
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Research Institute for Sustainable Environment (RISE), Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Hydraulics and Hydrology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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64
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Dai F, Fan X, Stratton GR, Bellona CL, Holsen TM, Crimmins BS, Xia X, Mededovic Thagard S. Experimental and density functional theoretical study of the effects of Fenton's reaction on the degradation of Bisphenol A in a high voltage plasma reactor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 308:419-429. [PMID: 26874105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrical discharge plasma reactor configuration with and without iron ions was evaluated for the degradation of 0.02 mM Bisphenol A (BPA). The pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant calculated for the plasma treatment of BPA with a stainless steel electrode in the presence of dissolved ferrous ion (Fe(2+)) salts (termed plasma/Fenton treatment) was higher than in the plasma treatment in the absence of iron salts. At the optimal ferrous ion concentration, longer plasma treatment times resulted in higher BPA degradation rates, likely due to increased hydroxyl (OH) radical concentration formed through the decomposition of H2O2. Replacing the stainless steel with a carbon steel grounded electrode resulted in the release of iron ions from the carbon steel thereby increasing the rate of BPA removal and eliminating the need for iron salts. After the plasma/Fenton treatment, >97% of the residual iron salts were removed by coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation. Byproduct identification coupled with density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that OH radical attack on BPA's hydroxyl group is the primary pathway for byproduct formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Dai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699 NY, USA.
| | - Xiangru Fan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699 NY, USA.
| | - Gunnar R Stratton
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699 NY, USA.
| | - Christopher L Bellona
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699 NY, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1500 Illinois St., Colorado School of Mines, Golden, 80401 CO, USA.
| | - Thomas M Holsen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699 NY, USA.
| | - Bernard S Crimmins
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699 NY, USA.
| | - Xiaoyan Xia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699 NY, USA.
| | - Selma Mededovic Thagard
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699 NY, USA.
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Sornalingam K, McDonagh A, Zhou JL. Photodegradation of estrogenic endocrine disrupting steroidal hormones in aqueous systems: Progress and future challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 550:209-224. [PMID: 26815298 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews different photodegradation technologies used for the removal of four endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs): estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). The degradation efficiency is greater under UV than visible light; and increases with light intensity up to when mass transfer becomes the rate limiting step. Substantial rates are observed in the environmentally relevant range of pH7-8, though higher rates are obtained for pH above the pKa (~10.4) of the EDCs. The effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on EDC photodegradation are complex with both positive and negative impacts being reported. TiO2 remains the best catalyst due to its superior activity, chemical and photo stability, cheap commercial availability, capacity to function at ambient conditions and low toxicity. The optimum TiO2 loading is 0.05-1gl(-1), while higher loadings have negative impact on EDC removal. The suspended catalysts prove to be more efficient in photocatalysis compared to the immobilised catalysts, while the latter are considered more suitable for commercial scale applications. Photodegradation mostly follows 1st or pseudo 1st order kinetics. Photodegradation typically eradicates or moderates estrogenic activity, though some intermediates are found to exhibit higher estrogenicity than the parent EDCs; the persistence of estrogenic activity is mainly attributed to the presence of the phenolic moiety in intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kireesan Sornalingam
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Andrew McDonagh
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - John L Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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66
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Song L, Zhu B, Gray S, Duke M, Muthukumaran S. Hybrid Processes Combining Photocatalysis and Ceramic Membrane Filtration for Degradation of Humic Acids in Saline Water. MEMBRANES 2016; 6:membranes6010018. [PMID: 26938568 PMCID: PMC4812424 DOI: 10.3390/membranes6010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the combined effects of photocatalysis with ceramic membrane filtration for the removal of humic acid in the presence of salt; to simulate saline wastewater conditions. The effects of operating parameters, such as salinity and TiO2 concentration on permeate fluxes, total organic carbon (TOC), and UV absorbance removal, were investigated. The interaction between the humic acids and TiO2 photocatalyst played an important role in the observed flux change during ceramic membrane filtration. The results for this hybrid system showed that the TOC removal was more than 70% for both without NaCl and with the 500 ppm NaCl concentration, and 62% and 66% for 1000 and 2000 ppm NaCl concentrations. The reduction in UV absorbance was more complete in the absence of NaCl compared to the presence of NaCl. The operation of the integrated photoreactor-ceramic membrane filter over five repeat cycles is described. It can be concluded that the overall removal performance of the hybrid system was influenced by the presence of salts, as salt leads to agglomeration of TiO2 particles by suppressing the stabilising effects of electrostatic repulsion and thereby reduces the effective surface contact between the pollutant and the photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Song
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Stephen Gray
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Mikel Duke
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Shobha Muthukumaran
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
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67
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Ammar HB, Brahim MB, Abdelhédi R, Samet Y. Green electrochemical process for metronidazole degradation at BDD anode in aqueous solutions via direct and indirect oxidation. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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68
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Ganiyu SO, van Hullebusch ED, Cretin M, Esposito G, Oturan MA. Coupling of membrane filtration and advanced oxidation processes for removal of pharmaceutical residues: A critical review. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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69
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Wang P. Membrane photoreactors (MPRs) for photocatalysts separation and pollutants removal: Recent overview and new perspectives. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2015.1093502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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70
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Advanced Treatment of Pesticide-Containing Wastewater Using Fenton Reagent Enhanced by Microwave Electrodeless Ultraviolet. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:205903. [PMID: 26347877 PMCID: PMC4548131 DOI: 10.1155/2015/205903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The photo-Fenton reaction is a promising method to treat organic contaminants in water. In this paper, a Fenton reagent enhanced by microwave electrodeless ultraviolet (MWEUV/Fenton) method was proposed for advanced treatment of nonbiodegradable organic substance in pesticide-containing biotreated wastewater. MWEUV lamp was found to be more effective for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal than commercial mercury lamps in the Fenton process. The pseudo-first order kinetic model can well describe COD removal from pesticide-containing wastewater by MWEUV/Fenton, and the apparent rate constant (k) was 0.0125 min(-1). The optimal conditions for MWEUV/Fenton process were determined as initial pH of 5, Fe(2+) dosage of 0.8 mmol/L, and H2O2 dosage of 100 mmol/L. Under the optimal conditions, the reaction exhibited high mineralization degrees of organics, where COD and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration decreased from 183.2 mg/L to 36.9 mg/L and 43.5 mg/L to 27.8 mg/L, respectively. Three main pesticides in the wastewater, as Dimethoate, Triazophos, and Malathion, were completely removed by the MWEUV/Fenton process within 120 min. The high degree of pesticides decomposition and mineralization was proved by the detected inorganic anions.
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71
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Modeling the photocatalytic mineralization in water of commercial formulation of estrogens 17-β estradiol (E2) and nomegestrol acetate in contraceptive pills in a solar powered compound parabolic collector. Molecules 2015. [PMID: 26205059 PMCID: PMC6331827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200713354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors in water are contaminants of emerging concern due to the potential risks they pose to the environment and to the aquatic ecosystems. In this study, a solar photocatalytic treatment process in a pilot-scale compound parabolic collector (CPC) was used to remove commercial estradiol formulations (17-β estradiol and nomegestrol acetate) from water. Photolysis alone degraded up to 50% of estradiol and removed 11% of the total organic carbon (TOC). In contrast, solar photocatalysis degraded up to 57% of estrogens and the TOC removal was 31%, with 0.6 g/L of catalyst load (TiO2 Aeroxide P-25) and 213.6 ppm of TOC as initial concentration of the commercial estradiols formulation. The adsorption of estrogens over the catalyst was insignificant and was modeled by the Langmuir isotherm. The TOC removal via photocatalysis in the photoreactor was modeled considering the reactor fluid-dynamics, the radiation field, the estrogens mass balance, and a modified Langmuir–Hinshelwood rate law, that was expressed in terms of the rate of photon adsorption. The optimum removal of the estrogens and TOC was achieved at a catalyst concentration of 0.4 g/L in 29 mm diameter tubular CPC reactors which approached the optimum catalyst concentration and optical thickness determined from the modeling of the absorption of solar radiation in the CPC, by the six-flux absorption-scattering model (SFM).
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72
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Multi-cycle photocatalytic degradation of bezafibrate by a cast polyvinyl alcohol/titanium dioxide (PVA/TiO2) hybrid film. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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73
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Aghaeinejad-Meybodi A, Ebadi A, Shafiei S, Khataee A, Rostampour M. Degradation of antidepressant drug fluoxetine in aqueous media by ozone/H2O2 system: process optimization using central composite design. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:1477-1488. [PMID: 25491028 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.994041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this work is the modelling and optimization of antidepressant drug fluoxetine degradation in aqueous solution by ozone/H2O2 process using central composite design. The operational parameters were ozone concentration, initial hydrogen peroxide concentration, reaction time and initial fluoxetine concentration. A good agreement between the predicted values of fluoxetine removal and experimental results were observed (R2=0.976 and Adj-R2=0.955). Pareto analysis indicated that all selected factors and some interactions were effective on the removal efficiency. It was found that the reaction time is the most effective parameter in the ozone/H2O2 process. The maximum removal efficiency (86.14%) was achieved at ozone concentration of 30 mg L(-1), initial H2O2 concentration of 0.02 mM, reaction time of 20 min and initial fluoxetine concentration of 50 mg L(-1) as the optimum conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Aghaeinejad-Meybodi
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Environmental Engineering Research Centre, Sahand University of Technology , Tabriz , Iran
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74
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Mozia S, Szymański K, Michalkiewicz B, Tryba B, Toyoda M, Morawski AW. Effect of process parameters on fouling and stability of MF/UF TiO2 membranes in a photocatalytic membrane reactor. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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75
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Modeling and optimization of antidepressant drug Fluoxetine removal in aqueous media by ozone/H2O2 process: Comparison of central composite design and artificial neural network approaches. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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76
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Hu CL, Wang WF, Hsieh YH. Study on 17β-Estradiol (E2) Removal in Wastewater by Continuous-Flow Advanced Treatment and Economic Benefit Evaluation. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.14we282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ling Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University
| | - Wei-Fu Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University
| | - Yung-Hsu Hsieh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University
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77
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Mozia S, Darowna D, Szymański K, Grondzewska S, Borchert K, Wróbel R, Morawski AW. Performance of two photocatalytic membrane reactors for treatment of primary and secondary effluents. Catal Today 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2013.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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78
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Houtman CJ, Kroesbergen J, Lekkerkerker-Teunissen K, van der Hoek JP. Human health risk assessment of the mixture of pharmaceuticals in Dutch drinking water and its sources based on frequent monitoring data. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 496:54-62. [PMID: 25058934 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals in drinking water is a topic of concern. Previous risk assessments indicate that their low concentrations are very unlikely to pose risks to human health, however often conclusions had to be based on small datasets and mixture effects were not included. The objectives of this study were to a) investigate if pharmaceuticals in surface and polder water penetrate in drinking water, b) assess the lifelong exposure of consumers to pharmaceuticals via drinking water and c) assess the possible individual and mixture health risks associated with this exposure. To fulfill these aims, a 2-year set of 4-weekly monitoring data of pharmaceuticals was used from three drinking water production plants. The 42 pharmaceuticals that were monitored were selected according to their consumption volume, earlier detection, toxicity and representation of the most relevant therapeutic classes. Lifelong exposures were calculated from concentrations and compared with therapeutic doses. Health risks were assessed by benchmarking concentrations with provisional guideline values. Combined risks of mixtures of pharmaceuticals were estimated using the concept of Concentration Addition. The lifelong exposure to pharmaceuticals via drinking water was calculated to be extremely low, i.e. a few mg, in total corresponding to <10% of the dose a patient is administered on one day. The risk of adverse health effects appeared to be negligibly low. Application of Concentration Addition confirmed this for the mixture of pharmaceuticals simultaneously present. The investigated treatment plants appeared to reduce the (already negligible) risk up to 80%. The large available monitoring dataset enabled the performance of a realistic risk assessment. It showed that working with maximum instead of average concentrations may overestimate the risk considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corine J Houtman
- The Water Laboratory, P.O. Box 734, 2003 RS, Haarlem, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan Kroesbergen
- The Water Laboratory, P.O. Box 734, 2003 RS, Haarlem, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Jan Peter van der Hoek
- Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands; Waternet, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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79
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Vidales MJMD, Barba S, Sáez C, Cañizares P, Rodrigo MA. Coupling ultraviolet light and ultrasound irradiation with Conductive-Diamond Electrochemical Oxidation for the removal of progesterone. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.02.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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80
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López Fernández R, Coleman HM, Le-Clech P. Impact of operating conditions on the removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals by membrane photocatalytic reactor. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2014; 35:2068-2074. [PMID: 24956801 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.892539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the performance of a submerged membrane photocatalytic reactor for the removal of 17beta-oestradiol (E2) in the presence of humic acid (HA). In addition to the impact of operating parameters, such as membrane pore size, ultraviolet (UV) intensity and hydraulic retention time (HRT), the influence of long-term operation was also assessed by advanced characterization of the fouling layer formed on the membrane. The tighter (0.04 microm) hollow fibre polyvinylydene fluoride (PVDF) membrane was found to exhibit not only higher HA removal than the (0.2 microm) module (85% and 75%, respectively), but also greater transmembrane pressure (TMP) values and higher irreversible fouling. Long-term operation conditions have been simulated by conducting an ageing catalyst process and demonstrated a decrease in performance obtained with time. The artificially aged TiO2 resulted in higher TMP values and lower HA removals (about 10-20% decrease) compared with the non-aged catalyst. For E2 removal in the presence of HA, the passive adsorption of the oestrogen onto the organic matter was found to be significant (40% of the E2 adsorbed after I h), demonstrating the importance of the nature of the water matrix for this type of treatment process. An increase in the UV light intensity was observed to favour the E2 elimination, leading to more than 90% removal when using 64 W combined with PVDF membrane and an HRT of 3 h.
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81
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Kang K, Jang M, Cui M, Qiu P, Park B, Snyder SA, Khim J. Preparation and characterization of magnetic-core titanium dioxide: Implications for photocatalytic removal of ibuprofen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2014.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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82
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Fernández RL, McDonald JA, Khan SJ, Le-Clech P. Removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting chemicals by a submerged membrane photocatalysis reactor (MPR). Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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83
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James CP, Germain E, Judd S. Micropollutant removal by advanced oxidation of microfiltered secondary effluent for water reuse. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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84
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Bagheri S, Chekin F, Hamid SBA. Cobalt Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Electrocatalytic Study. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201300486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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85
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Collado N, Rodriguez-Mozaz S, Gros M, Rubirola A, Barceló D, Comas J, Rodriguez-Roda I, Buttiglieri G. Pharmaceuticals occurrence in a WWTP with significant industrial contribution and its input into the river system. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 185:202-12. [PMID: 24286695 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Occurrence and removal of 81 representative Pharmaceutical Active Compounds (PhACs) were assessed in a municipal WWTP located in a highly industrialized area, with partial water reuse after UV tertiary treatment and discharge to a Mediterranean river. Water monitoring was performed in an integrated way at different points in the WWTP and river along three seasons. Consistent differences between therapeutic classes were observed in terms of influent concentration, removal efficiencies and seasonal variation. Conventional (primary and secondary) treatment was unable to completely remove numerous compounds and UV-based tertiary treatment played a complementary role for some of them. Industrial activity influence was highlighted in terms of PhACs presence and seasonal distribution. Even if global WWTP effluent impact on the studied river appeared to be minor, PhACs resulted widespread pollutants in river waters. Contamination can be particularly critical in summer in water scarcity areas, when water flow decreases considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Collado
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S Rodriguez-Mozaz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - M Gros
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - A Rubirola
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - D Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Comas
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - I Rodriguez-Roda
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - G Buttiglieri
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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86
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Rong SP, Sun YB, Zhao ZH. Degradation of sulfadiazine antibiotics by water falling film dielectric barrier discharge. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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87
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Li L, Chen R, Zhu X, Wang H, Wang Y, Liao Q, Wang D. Optofluidic microreactors with TiO2-coated fiberglass. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:12548-53. [PMID: 24262010 DOI: 10.1021/am403842b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Optofluidic microreactors are promising prospects for photocatalytic reactions. However, because the flow type in conventional designs is typically laminar, the mass transport mainly relies on diffusion, and thus the rate of mass transport is limited. Accordingly, poor mass transport reduces the photocatalytic reaction rate. To alleviate the limitation of mass transport, in this work, we proposed a novel optofluidic microreactor with TiO2-coated fiberglasses immersed in the microreaction chamber. Such a design enables enhanced mass transport by shortening the transport length and inducing the perturbation to liquid flow so as to improve the performance. We demonstrated the feasibility of the optofluidic microreactor with the TiO2-coated fiberglass by the photocatalytic water treatment of methylene blue under UV irradiation. Results showed that the proposed optofluidic microreactor yielded much higher degradation efficiency than did the conventional optofluidic microreactor as a result of enhanced mass transport. The microreactor with the TiO2-coated fiberglass showed a 2-3-fold improvement in the reaction rate constant as opposed to conventional ones. The maximal increment of the degradation efficiency can reach more than 40%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education , Chongqing 400030, China
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88
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Rajca M, Bodzek M. Kinetics of fulvic and humic acids photodegradation in water solutions. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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89
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Santiago-Morales J, Gómez MJ, Herrera-López S, Fernández-Alba AR, García-Calvo E, Rosal R. Energy efficiency for the removal of non-polar pollutants during ultraviolet irradiation, visible light photocatalysis and ozonation of a wastewater effluent. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:5546-5556. [PMID: 23863371 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the removal of a set of non-polar pollutants in biologically treated wastewater using ozonation, ultraviolet (UV 254 nm low pressure mercury lamp) and visible light (Xe-arc lamp) irradiation as well as visible light photocatalysis using Ce-doped TiO2. The compounds tracked include UV filters, synthetic musks, herbicides, insecticides, antiseptics and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Raw wastewater and treated samples were analyzed using stir-bar sorptive extraction coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (SBSE-CG × GC-TOF-MS). Ozone treatment could remove most pollutants with a global efficiency of over 95% for 209 μM ozone dosage. UV irradiation reduced the total concentration of the sixteen pollutants tested by an average of 63% with high removal of the sunscreen 2-ethylhexyl trans-4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC), the synthetic musk 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetrahydronaphthalene (tonalide, AHTN) and several herbicides. Visible light Ce-TiO2 photocatalysis reached ~70% overall removal with particularly high efficiency for synthetic musks. In terms of power usage efficiency expressed as nmol kJ(-1), the results showed that ozonation was by far the most efficient process, ten-fold over Xe/Ce-TiO2 visible light photocatalysis, the latter being in turn considerably more efficient than UV irradiation. In all cases the efficiency decreased along the treatments due to the lower reaction rate at lower pollutant concentration. The use of photocatalysis greatly improved the efficiency of visible light irradiation. The collector area per order decreased from 9.14 ± 5.11 m(2) m(-3) order(-1) for visible light irradiation to 0.16 ± 0.03 m(2) m(-3) order(-1) for Ce-TiO2 photocatalysis. The toxicity of treated wastewater was assessed using the green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Ozonation reduced the toxicity of treated wastewater, while UV irradiation and visible light photocatalysis limited by 20-25% the algal growth due to the accumulation of reaction by-products. Three transformation products were identified and tracked along the treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Santiago-Morales
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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90
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Erjavec B, Tišler T, Kaplan R, Pintar A. Titanate Nanotubes As a Novel Catalyst for Removal of Toxicity and Estrogenicity of Bisphenol A in the CWAO Process. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie401752c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boštjan Erjavec
- Laboratory for Environmental
Sciences and Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Centre of Excellence for Low Carbon Technologies, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana,
Slovenia
| | - Tatjana Tišler
- Laboratory for Environmental
Sciences and Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Renata Kaplan
- Laboratory for Environmental
Sciences and Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Albin Pintar
- Laboratory for Environmental
Sciences and Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Centre of Excellence for Low Carbon Technologies, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana,
Slovenia
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91
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Removal of pesticides from water combining low pressure UV photolysis with nanofiltration. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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92
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Qu X, Alvarez PJJ, Li Q. Applications of nanotechnology in water and wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:3931-46. [PMID: 23571110 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 774] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Providing clean and affordable water to meet human needs is a grand challenge of the 21st century. Worldwide, water supply struggles to keep up with the fast growing demand, which is exacerbated by population growth, global climate change, and water quality deterioration. The need for technological innovation to enable integrated water management cannot be overstated. Nanotechnology holds great potential in advancing water and wastewater treatment to improve treatment efficiency as well as to augment water supply through safe use of unconventional water sources. Here we review recent development in nanotechnology for water and wastewater treatment. The discussion covers candidate nanomaterials, properties and mechanisms that enable the applications, advantages and limitations as compared to existing processes, and barriers and research needs for commercialization. By tracing these technological advances to the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, the present review outlines the opportunities and limitations to further capitalize on these unique properties for sustainable water management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Qu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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93
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Hapeshi E, Lambrianides A, Koutsoftas P, Kastanos E, Michael C, Fatta-Kassinos D. Investigating the fate of iodinated X-ray contrast media iohexol and diatrizoate during microbial degradation in an MBBR system treating urban wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:3592-3606. [PMID: 23532532 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1605-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The capability of a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) to remove the iodinated contrast media (ICM) iohexol (IOX) and diatrizoate (DTZ) from municipal wastewater was studied. A selected number of clones of microorganisms present in the biofilm were identified. Biotransformation products were tentatively identified and the toxicity of the treated effluent was assessed. Microbial samples were DNA-sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis in order to confirm the identity of the microorganisms present and determine the microbial diversity. The analysis demonstrated that the wastewater was populated by a bacterial consortium related to different members of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Nitrisporae. The optimum removal values of the ICM achieved were 79 % for IOX and 73 % for DTZ, whereas 13 biotransformation products for IOX and 14 for DTZ were identified. Their determination was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The toxicity of the treated effluent tested to Daphnia magna showed no statistical difference compared to that without the addition of the two ICM. The MBBR was proven to be a technology able to remove a significant percentage of the two ICM from urban wastewater without the formation of toxic biodegradation products. A large number of biotransformation products was found to be formed. Even though the amount of clones sequenced in this study does not reveal the entire bacterial diversity present, it provides an indication of the predominating phylotypes inhabiting the study site.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hapeshi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cyprus, P.O Box 20537, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus
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94
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Lajeunesse A, Blais M, Barbeau B, Sauvé S, Gagnon C. Ozone oxidation of antidepressants in wastewater -Treatment evaluation and characterization of new by-products by LC-QToFMS. Chem Cent J 2013; 7:15. [PMID: 23351428 PMCID: PMC3564768 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-7-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND The fate of 14 antidepressants along with their respective N-desmethyl metabolites and the anticonvulsive drug carbamazepine was examined in a primary sewage treatment plant (STP) and following advanced treatments with ozone (O3). The concentrations of each pharmaceutical compound were determined in raw sewage, effluent and sewage sludge samples by LC-MS/MS analysis. The occurrence of antidepressant by-products formed in treated effluent after ozonation was also investigated. RESULTS Current primary treatments using physical and chemical processes removed little of the compounds (mean removal efficiency: 19%). Experimental sorption coefficients (Kd) of each studied compounds were also calculated. Sorption of venlafaxine, desmethylvenlafaxine, and carbamazepine on sludge was assumed to be negligible (log Kd ≤ 2), but higher sorption behavior can be expected for sertraline (log Kd ≥ 4). Ozonation treatment with O3 (5 mg/L) led to a satisfactory mean removal efficiency of 88% of the compounds. Screening of the final ozone-treated effluent samples by high resolution-mass spectrometry (LC-QqToFMS) did confirm the presence of related N-oxide by-products. CONCLUSION Effluent ozonation led to higher mean removal efficiencies than current primary treatment, and therefore represented a promising strategy for the elimination of antidepressants in urban wastewaters. However, the use of O3 produced by-products with unknown toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Lajeunesse
- Environment Canada, Wastewater and Effluents Section, Water Science and Technology Directorate, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, Quebec, H2Y 2E7, Canada.
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95
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Marinho BA, de Liz MV, Lopes Tiburtius ER, Nagata N, Peralta-Zamora P. TiO2and ZnO mediated photocatalytic degradation of E2 and EE2 estrogens. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013; 12:678-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c2pp25206f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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96
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97
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Mozia S, Morawski AW. The performance of a hybrid photocatalysis–MD system for the treatment of tap water contaminated with ibuprofen. Catal Today 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2012.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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98
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Lekkerkerker-Teunissen K, Benotti MJ, Snyder SA, van Dijk HC. Transformation of atrazine, carbamazepine, diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole by low and medium pressure UV and UV/H2O2 treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2012.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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99
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Photocatalytic (UV-A/TiO2) degradation of 17α-ethynylestradiol in environmental matrices: Experimental studies and artificial neural network modeling. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2012.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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100
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Li Z, Dvorak B, Li X. Removing 17β-estradiol from drinking water in a biologically active carbon (BAC) reactor modified from a granular activated carbon (GAC) reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:2828-2836. [PMID: 22483837 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Estrogenic compounds in drinking water sources pose potential threats to human health. Treatment technologies are needed to effectively remove these compounds for the production of safe drinking water. In this study, GAC adsorption was first tested for its ability to remove a model estrogenic compound, 17β-estradiol (E2). Although GAC showed a relatively high adsorption capacity for E2 in isotherm experiments, it appeared to have a long mass transfer zone in a GAC column reactor, causing an early leakage of E2 in the effluent. With an influent E2 concentration of 20 μg/L, the GAC reactor was able to bring down effluent E2 to ≈ 200 ng/L. To further enhance E2 removal, the GAC reactor was converted to a biologically active carbon (BAC) reactor by promoting biofilm growth in the reactor. Under optimal operating conditions, the BAC reactor had an effluent E2 concentration of ≈ 50 ng/L. With the empty bed contact times tested, the reactor exhibited more robust E2 removal performance under the BAC operation than under the GAC operation. It is noted that estrone (E1), an E2 biodegradation intermediate, was frequently detected in reactor effluent during the BAC operation. Results from this study suggested that BAC could be an effective drinking water treatment process for E2 removal and in the meantime E1 accumulation needs to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtian Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 844 N. 16th St., N117 SEC Link, Lincoln, NE 68588-6105, USA
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