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Ren L, Li Y, Wang K, Ding K, Sha M, Cao Y, Kong F, Wang S. Recovery of phosphorus from eutrophic water using nano zero-valent iron-modified biochar and its utilization. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131391. [PMID: 34328082 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Effective removal and recovery of phosphorus (P) from the aquatic environment was of great significance for eutrophication control and P recovery. This study investigated the effects of different environmental conditions on P adsorption by biochar (BC) and the feasibility of applying the P-laden BC as a fertilizer for plant growth. The nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) modified reeds BC prepared at 700 °C (Fe-700-BC) had the maximum P adsorption capacity of 95.2 mg g-1, which was higher than those prepared at 300, 500, and 900 °C. The addition of Fe-700-BC reduced the concentration of total phosphorus (TP) in the overlying water, in which the soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) almost completely removed, as well as had a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of algae. Simultaneously, Fe-700-BC reduced the contents of different fractions of P (weakly adsorbed inorganic phosphorus (WA-Pi), potential active inorganic phosphorus (PA-Pi), and Fe/Al-bound inorganic phosphorus (Fe/Al-Pi)) by adsorbing the soluble P released from the sediments, especially in the case of disturbance. Fe-700-BC had no significant effect on the diversity and richness of the microbial community in the sediment. Moreover, P-laden BC was safe and environmentally friendly for application in the soil and tended to increase stem and root length, fresh and dry weight at low doses (0.5 wt%) in wheat planting experiments. The present work could provide a reference for solving the problems related to eutrophication and P deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kejia Ding
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengqiao Sha
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanlong Kong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Sen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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52
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An X, Wu Z, Liu X, Shi W, Tian F, Yu B. A new class of biochar-based slow-release phosphorus fertilizers with high water retention based on integrated co-pyrolysis and co-polymerization. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131481. [PMID: 34265721 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of slow-release phosphorus fertilizers (SRFs) with high water retention is of significance for modern agriculture. Herein, a new class of biochar-based SRFs are developed by an integrated co-pyrolysis and co-polymerization process (PSRFs). The water-retention performance and P slow-release behavior of PSRFs are evaluated, which are compared with other types of biochar-based SRFs derived from biochar-based phosphorus adsorption (MSRFs), co-pyrolysis of biomass-bentonite-nutrients (BSRFs), and the application of coating on BSRFs (CSRFs). The results show that the obtained PSRFs exhibits high water retention with the maximum swelling capacity of 94.2 g/g, far outstripping other tested SRFs. The water-retention performance of PSRFs is found to be positively correlated with their crosslinking agent contents. In addition, PSRFs has excellent P slow-release performance which is comparable with CSRFs (~51.5% of P release after 30 days), but much better than MSRFs and BSRFs with a complete P release after 30 days. Furthermore, pot experiments reveal that PSRFs has the highest P utilization efficiency (75.83% after 60 days), which can promote the growth of pepper seedlings better than other SRFs. Moreover, the soil burial tests indicate that PSRFs has a good biodegradability with the degradation ratio of 33.46% in 75 days. Finally, biological abundance analysis further reveals that Actinobacteria in soil is mainly responsible for the metabolism of starch and sodium alginate in PSRFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfang An
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, PR China; School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China
| | - Zhansheng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, PR China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, PR China.
| | - Xuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, PR China
| | - Wen Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, PR China
| | - Fei Tian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, PR China
| | - Bing Yu
- School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China.
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53
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Raza S, Li X, Soyekwo F, Liao D, Xiang Y, Liu C. A comprehensive overview of common conducting polymer-based nanocomposites; Recent advances in design and applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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54
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Wang Z, Hartline CJ, Zhang F, He Z. Enhanced microalgae cultivation using wastewater nutrients extracted by a microbial electrochemical system. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 206:117722. [PMID: 34637970 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cultivating algae using wastewater nutrients is a potential approach to realize resource recovery that can contribute to circular economy. However, growing algae directly in a wastewater has problems such as bacterial contamination and a low biomass density. To address those problems, we investigated microalgal cultivation in a photobioreactor (PBR) fed with the nutrients extracted from wastewater by a microbial nutrient recovery cell (MNRC). With an external voltage of 0.3 V, the MNRC-PBR system removed 96% of COD and recovered 44% of NH4+-N and 39% of PO43--P at a hydraulic retention time of 7.2 h. Microalgae cultivated in the nutrient recovery medium from the MNRC had 8.3-fold biomass density and 1.4-fold lipid contents, versus that cultivated in a food wastewater containing more nutrients. More significantly, 90% of biomass yielded from the MNRC-PBR system was microalgae, much higher than ∼30% in the food wastewater. A liquid exchange ratio of 30% achieved the highest microalgal density of 0.61 ± 0.06 g L-1, comparable to that in a standard BG11 medium. There was a tradeoff between recycling PBR medium and microalgal growth. The accumulated salinity was observed in the extended operation of the MNRC-PBR system treating an actual food wastewater. The results of this study have demonstrated an effective approach to extract nutrients from wastewater for enhanced microalgal growth and improved biomass quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wang
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Christopher J Hartline
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Fuzhong Zhang
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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55
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Liang J, Liao X, Ye M, Guan Z, Mo Z, Yang X, Huang S, Sun S. Dewaterability improvement and environmental risk mitigation of waste activated sludge using peroxymonosulfate activated by zero-valent metals: Fe 0 vs. Al 0. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130686. [PMID: 33957470 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The stabilization and dewaterability of waste activated sludge (WAS) are essential factors for downstream disposal or reuse. Herein, two types of zero-valent metals, zero-valent iron (Fe0) and zero-valent aluminum (Al0), were compared for their ability to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) during the WAS conditioning process, with the effects of PMS activation by these two metals on WAS dewaterability and the potential environmental risks evaluated. Results showed that compared to Al0/PMS treatment, Fe0/PMS treatment achieved superior WAS dewaterability and reduced operational costs. Using PMS combined with Fe0 and Al0 treatments under optimal conditions, the water content (Wc) of dewatered sludge decreased to 55.7 ± 2.7 wt% and 59.4 ± 1.3 wt%, respectively. Meanwhile, application of the Fe0/PMS treatment system reduced the total annual cost by approximately 33.1%, compared to the Al0/PMS treatment. Analysis of the dewatering mechanism demonstrated that in the Fe0/PMS treatment, Fe3+/Fe2+ flocculation played an important role in the enhancement of WAS dewatering, while sulfate radical (SO4•-) oxidation was the dominant factor for WAS dewaterability improvement in Al0/PMS treatment. The greater enhancement of WAS dewaterability by Fe0/PMS treatment, was mainly attributed to more efficient reduction of hydrophilic extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and an increase in surface charge neutralization. Environmental risk evaluation results indicated that Fe0/PMS and Al0/PMS treatments both effectively alleviated the environmental risks of heavy metals and faecal coliforms in dewatered sludge. Overall, this study proposes a novel perspective for the selection of an optimal PMS activator in sludge treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Liang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaojian Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Maoyou Ye
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Zhijie Guan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhihua Mo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xian Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shaosong Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Shuiyu Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Polytechnic of Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan, 528216, China.
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56
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Fe(NO3)3 assisted hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge: Focusing on characteristics of hydrochar and aqueous phase. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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57
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Highly efficient CO2 adsorption of corn kernel-derived porous carbon with abundant oxygen functional groups. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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58
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Asaoka S, Yoshida G, Ihara I, Umehara A, Yoneyama H. Terrestrial anaerobic digestate composite for fertilization of oligotrophic coastal seas. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112944. [PMID: 34107370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To promote primary production in oligotrophic seas, we developed a fertilization composite consisting of blast furnace cement and anaerobic digestate with a high nutrient content derived from biogas power plant byproducts. In this study, we investigated the dissolution behavior of nutrients from the fertilization composite and evaluated the effects of the fertilization composite on the growth of marine primary producers. Batch experiments and tank experiments to simulate oligotrophic coastal seas revealed that the nutrients dissolved from the fertilization composite were taken up by marine microalgae and seaweed. The fertilization composite promoted the growth of both planktonic and benthic micro algae. The total amounts of chlorophyll a in the fertilization composite tank increased by 1.4 times compared to control (p < 0.01). The flow of dissolved inorganic nitrogen uptake by marine microalgae increased 3-5 times when the fertilization composite was applied. In Wakame seaweed culture experiments, the nitrogen contents of Wakame from the fertilization composite tank were 1.2 times higher than those cultured in the control tank (p < 0.01). As a result, Wakame leaves cultured in the fertilization composite tank were 1.4 times longer than those cultured in the control tank. Approximately 44% of dissolved inorganic nitrogen from the fertilization composite was taken up by the seaweed. Hence, the fertilization composite was demonstrated to enhance the growth of marine microalgae and seaweed, which are primary producers in marine ecosystems. The fertilization composite proposed in this study can create novel nutrient mass flow by connecting terrigenous anaerobic digestate from biogas power plants to oligotrophic seas and thus stimulate the recovery of fishery production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Asaoka
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
| | - Gen Yoshida
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ikko Ihara
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Umehara
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8513, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoneyama
- Hiroshima Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Bureau, Hiroshima Prefecture, 10-52, Motomachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8511, Japan
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59
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Li S, Zeng W, Ren Z, Jia Z, Wu G, Peng Y. Performance difference of hydrated phosphorophilic metal oxides in modifying diatomite and recovering phosphorus from wastewater. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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60
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Jiao GJ, Ma J, Zhang Y, Jin D, Li Y, Hu C, Guo Y, Wang Z, Zhou J, Sun R. Nitrogen-doped lignin-derived biochar with enriched loading of CeO 2 nanoparticles for highly efficient and rapid phosphate capture. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1484-1494. [PMID: 34019923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of lignin-derived carbon adsorbents with ultrahigh phosphate adsorption activity and rapid adsorption kinetics is of great importance, yet limited success has been achieved. Herein, we develop a CeO2 functionalized N-doped lignin-derived biochar (Ce@NLC) via a cooperative modification strategy for effective and fast phosphate capture. The novel modification strategy not only contributes greatly to the loading of well-dispersed CeO2 nanoparticles with a smaller size, but also significantly increases the relative concentration of Ce(III) species on Ce@NLC. Consequently, an enhanced capture capacity for phosphate (196.85 mg g-1) as well as extremely rapid adsorption kinetics were achieved in a wide operating pH range (2-10). Interestingly, Ce@NLC exhibited a strong phosphate adsorption activity at even low-concentration phosphorus-containing water. The removal efficiency and final P concentration reached 99.87% and 2.59 μg P L-1 within 1 min at the phosphate concentration of 2 mg P L-1. Experiments and characterization indicated that Ce(III) species plays a predominant role for the phosphate capture, and ligand exchange, together with electrostatic attraction, are the main adsorption mechanism. This work develops not only an efficient carbon-based adsorbent for phosphate capture, but also promotes the high-value application of industrial lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Jie Jiao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jiliang Ma
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Yuheng Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Dongnv Jin
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yancong Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chensheng Hu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yanzhu Guo
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jinghui Zhou
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Runcang Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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61
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Vu MT, Nguyen LN, Hasan Johir MA, Zhang X, Nghiem LD, Elimelech M. Biogas sparging to control fouling and enhance resource recovery from anaerobically digested sludge centrate by forward osmosis. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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62
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Wu R, Ye Q, Wu K, Dai H. Efficient abatement of NO x emitted from automotive engines via adsorption on the Ba-CMK-3 adsorbents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:21369-21380. [PMID: 33410080 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Ba-CMK-3(x) (x was the Ba(NO3)2:CMK-3 mass ratio and equals to 5, 10, and 15 wt%) samples were prepared by the incipient impregnation method, which were used for the adsorption of NO + O2 at room temperature. The samples were characterized by the XRD, BET, TEM, TPD, TG, and DRIFTS techniques. The results showed that the CMK-3 and Ba-CMK-3(x) samples possessed an ordered two-dimensional hexagonal mesoporous structure, and Ba was uniformly dispersed on the surface of CMK-3. After Ba doping, the surface areas and pore size distributions of the Ba-CMK-3(x) samples were altered due to the synergistic effect of partial blocking of the channels by Ba and partial etching of the carbon materials by O2 produced from Ba(NO2)3 decomposition at high temperatures. The sequence in NO adsorption capacity was Ba-CMK-3(10) (108.1 ± 0.55 mg/g) > Ba-CMK-3(15) (106.2 ± 0.72 mg/g) > Ba-CMK-3(5) (102.3 ± 1.33 mg/g) > CMK-3(88.8 ± 1.15 mg/g), with the Ba-CMK-3(10) sample showing the best (NO + O2) adsorption performance. We proposed the two main adsorption pathways in the process of NO adsorption: (i) NO reacted with O2 to form NO2, part of NO2 were weakly adsorbed on the surface hydroxyl groups, part of NO2 were adsorbed to form the nitrite and nitrate species, and the left NO2 was disproportionated to the NO, NO2-, and NO3- species; and (ii) NO was directly oxidized to the NO2- species by the oxygen-containing functional groups in carbon, and then some of the NO2- species were transformed to the NO3- species directly or via disproportionation. The regeneration efficiencies of the Ba-CMK-3(x) samples were slightly inferior to that of the CMK-3 sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Kai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Hongxing Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Education Ministry of China, Laboratory of Catalysis Chemistry and Nanoscience, Department of Environmental Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
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63
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An X, Wu Z, Shi W, Qi H, Zhang L, Xu X, Yu B. Biochar for simultaneously enhancing the slow-release performance of fertilizers and minimizing the pollution of pesticides. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124865. [PMID: 33359977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been extensively studied as a promising carrier material for fertilizers and an ideal adsorbent for the removal of pesticides. Yet, the application of biochar for simultaneously eliminating the pollution from the agricultural use of fertilizers and pesticides remains unexplored. Herein, we develop P-loaded biochar-based fertilizers (PBC) by the co-pyrolysis of cotton straw and H3PO4. The slow-release performance of PBC and their adsorption properties toward pesticides are investigated. The results indicate that the PBC leads to the improvement of adsorption performance, with the maximum adsorption capacities of lambda-cyhalothrin (LAC) for PBC and pristine biochar are 55.90 mg/g and 42.71 mg/g, respectively. Additionally, the adsorption of LAC is beneficial for the improvement of slow-release performance of PBC. The release ratios of P from PBC within 30 days reach 100.0% and 83.5% in water and LAC solution, respectively, demonstrating the existence of synergistic effects between the adsorption of pesticides and the slow release of nutrients. The mechanistic investigation reveals that the pretreatment of H3PO4 facilitates to activate more surface functional groups of PBC, contributing greatly to the improved adsorption of LAC. The adsorption of LAC reduces the BET of PBC with pore filling, enabling slower release rate of nutrients from PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfang An
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, PR China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Zhansheng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, PR China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China.
| | - Wen Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, PR China
| | - Huihua Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, PR China
| | - Luohong Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, PR China
| | - Bing Yu
- School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, PR China.
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64
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Zhang M, Yang J, Wang H, Lv Q, Xue J. Enhanced removal of phosphate from aqueous solution using Mg/Fe modified biochar derived from excess activated sludge: removal mechanism and environmental risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:16282-16297. [PMID: 33389575 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Mg-modified sludge biochar (MB) and Mg-Fe double oxides/sludge biochar composites (MFB) were synthesized for enhanced removal of phosphate from aqueous solution. The phosphate adsorption followed the Langmuir-Freundlich isotherm model, and the maximum capacity was 142.31 mg P/g and 35.41 mg P/g for MB and MFB, respectively. MB exhibited the higher adsorption capacity at pH 8-9 and performed well under the influences of coexisting anions and temperature (4-45 °C). Adsorption kinetics was well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating the chemical bonding between phosphate and adsorption sites. The adsorption capacity of phosphate decreased by < 15% after three successive recycles. Based on FTIR, XRD, and XPS analysis, the main mechanisms for phosphate removal by MB included electrostatic attraction, surface complexation, and precipitation. Hydroxides/oxides particles of Mg on the surface of MB with positive charge could adsorb HPO42- and PO43- to form surface complex and convert to MgHPO4 and Mg3(PO4)2. The released amounts of Fe, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Sb, and As from MB and MFB were low and acceptable. However, the released amount of Mg was as high as 4.9 wt% for MB and 8.7 wt% for MFB at the pH corresponding maximum adsorption capacity, posing a risk of salt increase. The grass (Lolium perenne L.) germination and early growth with the addition of P-laden biochars as fertilizer are seriously inhibited due to the high alkalinity, particularly for MB. The environmental risk of P-laden biochars (with high alkalinity and salt content) as fertilizer should be emphasized in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Qi Lv
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Junbing Xue
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
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Wang L, Yuan J, Wang Y, Butterly CR, Tong D, Zhou B, Li X, Zhang H. Effects of Exotic Spartina alterniflora Invasion on Soil Phosphorus and Carbon Pools and Associated Soil Microbial Community Composition in Coastal Wetlands. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:5730-5738. [PMID: 33681612 PMCID: PMC7931372 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil microorganisms can be altered by plant invasion into wetland ecosystems and comprise an important linkage between phosphorus (P) availability and soil carbon (C) chemistry; however, the intrinsic mechanisms of P and C transformation associated with microbial community and function are poorly understood in coastal wetland. In this study, we used a sequential fractionation method and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to capture the changes in soil P pools and C chemical composition with bare flats (BF), native Phragmites australis(PA), and invasive Spartina alterniflora(SA), respectively. The responses of the soil microbial community using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiling and function indicated by nine enzyme activities associated with C, nitrogen (N), and P cycles were also investigated. Compared to PA and BF, SA invasion significantly (P < 0.05) changed P pools and mainly increased the available P by 17.5 and 37.0%, respectively. The presence of the plants (SA and PA) significantly (P < 0.05) altered the soil C chemical composition mainly by affecting the aliphatic functional groups, resulting in a lower alkyl C/O-alkyl C ratio value. Compared to BF and SA, PA significantly (P < 0.05) increased arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) abundance. Soil enzyme activity, especially for the P and C cycle enzymes, was also affected by plant species with the highest geometric mean enzyme and hydrolase activity for the PA zone. We also found that soil C compositions and P pools were associated with microbial community structure and enzyme activity, respectively. However, little interaction between C and P was found on either soil microbial composition or soil enzyme activity variation. Further, microbial community composition was tightly correlated with the soil P compared to soil C chemistry, while enzyme activity showed more response with soil C chemistry compared to soil P pool changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Ministry
of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute
of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jiahui Yuan
- State
Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National
Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National
Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Clayton R. Butterly
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Deli Tong
- College
of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Ministry
of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute
of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiuzhen Li
- State Key
Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huabin Zhang
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Provincial
Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection,
Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
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66
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Wang B, Ma Y, Lee X, Wu P, Liu F, Zhang X, Li L, Chen M. Environmental-friendly coal gangue-biochar composites reclaiming phosphate from water as a slow-release fertilizer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143664. [PMID: 33288263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To solve the problem of limited adsorption efficiency of pristine biochar for phosphate, a novel biochar composite was prepared from different feedstocks and coal gangue by one facile-step pyrolysis method. The effects of pyrolysis temperature, adsorbent dosage, pH of the solution, and coexisting ions on phosphate adsorption were analyzed. The adsorption performance and mechanism of phosphate in water were investigated. The application of the phosphorus-laden (P-laden) composite as slow-release fertilizer was evaluated by a germination test. The results showed that the maximum phosphate adsorption capacity of coal gangue modified oilseed rape straw biochar prepared at 700 °C (CG-OR700) was 7.9 mg/g at pH 4.0, which is 4.6 times that of pristine biochar. The adsorption process can be well fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. The mechanism of phosphate adsorption mainly includes surface precipitation, ligand exchange, and electrostatic attraction. The P-laden biochar can be used as a slow-release fertilizer to promote seed germination and growth. This study shows that the coal gangue modified biochar composite can not only be used to remove phosphate from wastewater, but also be used as a slow-release fertilizer, providing a new way for the phosphorus recovery and resource utilization of solid wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
| | - Yuena Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinqing Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Pan Wu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Miao Chen
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
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Wang W, Lee DJ. Valorization of anaerobic digestion digestate: A prospect review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 323:124626. [PMID: 33418353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is recognized as promising technology for bioenergy production from biowaste, with huge quantity of digestate being produced as the residual waste. The digestate contains substantial amounts of organic and inorganic matters that be considered highly risky contaminants to the receiving environments if not properly treated, but also potential renewable resources if are adequately recovered. This prospect review summarized the current research efforts on digestate valorization, including aspects of resource recovery and the proposed applications, particularly on the conversion techniques and economic feasibility. The prospects for digestate valorization were highlighted at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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68
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Wu R, Ye Q, Wu K, Dai H. Potassium-modified ordered mesoporous carbon materials (K-CMK-3): Highly efficient adsorbents for NO adsorption at low temperatures. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Li Z, Zang L. Facile Fabrication of Calcium-Doped Carbon for Efficient Phosphorus Adsorption. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:327-339. [PMID: 33458484 PMCID: PMC7807776 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High phosphorus concentrations mainly result in environmental problems such as agricultural pollution and eutrophication, which have great negative influence on many natural water bodies. In this work, calcium lignosulfonate was employed to produce calcium-doped char at 400 and 800 °C. To compare the phosphorus adsorption behaviors of the two carbon materials, batch adsorption experiments were conducted in a phosphorus microenvironment. The factors including the initial solution pH, phosphorus concentration, and adsorbent amount were considered, and the main characteristics of calcium-doped chars before and after adsorption were assessed. The results revealed that the phosphorus removal processes fitted both the Freundlich and pseudo-second-order-kinetic models. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacities of the two adsorbents obtained at 400 and 800 °C toward phosphorus (50 °C) were 53.22 and 17.77 mg/g adsorbent, respectively. The former was rich in calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, and it mainly served as a precipitant and a chelating agent, while the latter with a high surface area was dominant in P adsorption.
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70
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Li J, Pan L, Yu G, Li C, Xie S, Wang Y. Synthesis of an easily recyclable and safe adsorbent from sludge pyrochar for ciprofloxacin adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 192:110258. [PMID: 33011224 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of sludge pyrochar (SP) is the terminal step to loop the entire harmless disposal process of sewage sludge with pyrolysis. A new, easily recyclable, and safe adsorbent with well-immobilized heavy metals (HMs) was prepared from SP for ciprofloxacin (CIP) adsorption. The operational conditions for the adsorbent preparation were systematically optimized based on recycling rate and adsorption performance. Additionally, the adsorption conditions, adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and regeneration of adsorbents were further investigated in the present study. The results showed that easily recyclable and safe adsorbents were successfully prepared at 1100 °C under N2 atmospheric conditions (SPA-N-1100) with a maximum CIP adsorption capacity of 10.42 mg/g. SPA-N-1100 exhibited good CIP adsorption performance at an adsorption temperature of 45 °C and pH between 8.0 and 9.0. The adsorbents were regenerated by thermal desorption at 450 °C with a thorough decomposition of CIP. The adsorption mechanism was mainly dominated by its special porous microspheres-accumulation structure and surface species (e.g., FeP and graphite). Moreover, HMs in the adsorbents were well immobilized in SPA-N-1100 by the generation of new metal mineral phases and encapsulation of melting minerals, which had an ultralow potential for ecological risk during application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Lanjia Pan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Guangwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Chunxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK, 2800, Denmark
| | - Shengyu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
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71
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Xiao K, Abbt-Braun G, Horn H. Changes in the characteristics of dissolved organic matter during sludge treatment: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 187:116441. [PMID: 33022515 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) of sludge is a heterogeneous mixture of high to low molecular weight organic substances which is including proteinaceous compounds, carbohydrates, humic substances, lipids, lignins, organic acids, organic micropollutants and other biological derived substances generated during wastewater treatment. This paper reviews definition, composition, quantification, and transformation of DOM during different sludge treatments, and the complex interplay of DOM with microbial communities. In anaerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion-refractory organic matter, particularly compounds showing polycyclic steroid-like, alkane and aromatic structures can be generated after pretreatment. During dewatering, the DOM fraction of low molecular weight proteins (< 20,000 Dalton) is the key parameter deteriorating sludge dewaterability. During composting, decomposition and polymerization of DOM occur, followed by the formation of humic substances. During landfill treatment, the composition of DOM, particularly humic substances, are related with leachate quality. Finally, suggestions are proposed for a better understanding of the transformation and degradation of DOM during sludge treatment. Future work in sludge studies needs the establishment and implementation of definitions for sample handling and the standardization of DOM methods for analysis, including sample preparation and fractionation, and data integration. A more detailed knowledge of DOM in sludge facilitates the operation and optimization of sludge treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; DVGW Research Laboratories, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gudrun Abbt-Braun
- Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Harald Horn
- Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; DVGW Research Laboratories, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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72
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Zheng Y, Zimmerman AR, Gao B. Comparative investigation of characteristics and phosphate removal by engineered biochars with different loadings of magnesium, aluminum, or iron. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141277. [PMID: 32777510 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineered biochars (EBCs) loaded with metal oxides/hydroxides have been used as sorbents to remove and recycle phosphate (P) from wastewater. However, P removal by EBCs made with different types and loading of metals have rarely been compared in a single study. Thus, in this study, EBCs were synthesized through pyrolysis of bamboo or hickory wood chips (25 g) pretreated with four amounts (25, 50, 75, and 100 mmol) of magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), or iron (Fe) salt solutions (Mg-EBC, Al-EBC, and Fe-EBC, respectively). The resulting EBCs were loaded with metal oxides/hydroxides that served as P adsorption sites. Al-EBCs showed the highest aqueous stability with little metal dissolution, which can be attributed to the low level of residual (unconverted) metal salt as well as the extremely low solubility of loaded Al metal oxyhydroxide. After the leaching/washing, the metal loading efficiencies of the Al- and Mg-EBCs were similar (50-60%) and stable metal loadings increased with pretreatment salt amounts, indicating that the amount of the two metal oxides/hydroxides in the EBCs can be controlled during pretreatment. However, stable iron oxide on the Fe-EBCs remained almost the same for all the four levels of pretreatment, reflecting saturation of the biochar surface. All the EBCs showed increasing P adsorption with increasing metal loading. At low initial P concentrations of 31 mg/L, Fe- and Al-EBCs removed up to 68% and 94% of P, likely through an electrostatic interaction mechanism. At high P concentrations, Mg-EBC had the largest P adsorption capacity (119.6 mg P/g), mainly through the combination of surface precipitation and electrostatic interaction mechanisms. This study demonstrates that metal oxide/hydroxide-loaded EBCs are promising sorbents that can be designed to meet specific needs for the removal of aqueous P in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zheng
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Andrew R Zimmerman
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
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Pei K, Xiao K, Hou H, Tao S, Xu Q, Liu B, Yu Z, Yu W, Wang H, Xue Y, Liang S, Hu J, Deng H, Yang J. Improvement of sludge dewaterability by ammonium sulfate and the potential reuse of sludge as nitrogen fertilizer. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110050. [PMID: 32828760 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel method to enhance sludge dewaterability with ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) was proposed, and the potential reuse of dewatered sludge cake and filtrate as nitrogen fertilizers was evaluated. Compared with raw sludge, 87.91% reduction of capillary suction time (CST) and 88.02% reduction of specific resistance to filtration (SRF) after adding 80% (m/m) (NH4)2SO4 were achieved, with 38.49% of protein precipitated simultaneously. The (NH4)2SO4 dose destroyed cell membrane, resulting in the release of intracellular water by converting bound water into free water, thus enhancing sludge dewaterability. In the solid phase, the content of protein-N increased, and larger protein aggregates were formed. The (NH4)2SO4 dose destroyed the hydration shell, making proteins to exhibit hydrophobic interactions, and to be aggregated, and precipitated from the liquid phase. When incubated Pennisetum alopecuroides L. with the dewatered sludge cake and filtrate after dewatering and conditioning with (NH4)2SO4, the germination rate of grass seed and shoot lengths both increased while compared with those incubated with dewatered sludge cake and filtrate of the raw sludge. This study might provide insights into sustainable sludge treatment by integrating sludge dewatering and the potential reuse of dewatered sludge cake and filtrate as nitrogen fertilizer via treatment with (NH4)2SO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangyue Pei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | - Shuangyi Tao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Qi Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Bingchuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Zecong Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Ying Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Huali Deng
- Dongjiang Environmental Company Limited, Langshan Road 9, Shenzhen, 518029, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
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Li W, Zhou J, Ding H, Fu H, Liu J, Chen Y, Dai T, Lou Q, Zhong X, Fan H, Zhong J. Low-dose biochar added to sediment improves water quality and promotes the growth of submerged macrophytes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140602. [PMID: 32640389 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a good adsorbent for water pollutants. However, the effects of biochar on aquatic organisms are not well understood. In this study, different amounts of biochar (CK, 0 mg/g; T1, 10 mg/g; T2, 30 mg/g) were added to sediment to study changes in water quality and its impact on three submerged macrophytes (Hydrilla verticillata, Vallisneria natans, and Ceratophyllum demersum) and the sediment microbial community. The results indicated that biochar treatments significantly increased the water pH and conductivity. Compared with the initial values, the total phosphorus (P) contents in the water of the CK, T1, and T2 treatments decreased by 78.5%, 95.0%, and 58.3%, respectively, while the total nitrogen contents increased by 26.26%, -5.81%, and 19.70%, respectively. Compared with those in CK, the relative growth rates of H. verticillata, V. natans, and C. demersum in T1 increased by 28.4%, 163.1%, and 61.3%, respectively, while those in T2 showed no significant difference except that the growth rates of H. verticillata decreased by 17.7%. The P contents of the three submerged macrophytes increased with the increase of biochar addition, except that there was no significant difference between T2 and CK for H. verticillata. Biochar treatments reduced the biomass of total microbial, bacterial, and fungal phospholipid fatty acids in the sediment for H. verticillata and V. natans, and they increased fungal: bacterial ratios in the low-dose biochar treatments for V. natans and C. demersum. This study demonstrates that the addition of biochar to sediment significantly increased the pH and conductivity, and decreased total P contents in the water. Low-dose biochar treatments were more beneficial for water quality improvements and the growth of submerged macrophytes than high-dose biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China.
| | - Jihai Zhou
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Huijun Ding
- Ministry of Water Resources Research Center of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Water Environment, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang 330029, PR China
| | - Hui Fu
- Ecology Department, College of Bioscience& Biotechnology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jinfu Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China
| | - Taotao Dai
- Ministry of Water Resources Research Center of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Water Environment, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang 330029, PR China
| | - Qian Lou
- Ministry of Water Resources Research Center of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Water Environment, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang 330029, PR China
| | - Xie Zhong
- Ministry of Water Resources Research Center of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Water Environment, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang 330029, PR China
| | - Houbao Fan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, PR China
| | - Jiayou Zhong
- Ministry of Water Resources Research Center of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Water Environment, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang 330029, PR China.
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Liang J, Zhang L, Yan W, Zhou Y. Mechanistic insights into a novel nitrilotriacetic acid-Fe 0 and CaO 2 process for efficient anaerobic digestion sludge dewatering at near-neutral pH. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 184:116149. [PMID: 32750584 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Fenton or Fenton-like oxidation has been widely studied for waste activated sludge dewaterability. However, the narrow pH range (2.0-4.0) and the instabilities of Fe2+ and H2O2 have hindered its commercial application. Owing to the high alkalinity of anaerobic digestion (AD) sludge, traditional Fenton or Fenton-like oxidation is economically unfeasible for its dewatering. In this study, we successfully demonstrated a novel and feasible method that used nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-Fe0 combined with CaO2 (NTA-Fe0/CaO2) at near-neutral pH (∼6.0) (a slight pH adjustment) in which capillary suction time ratio (CST0/CST) and centrifuged weight reduction (CWR) improved by 6 folds and 42.98 ± 0.37%, respectively, under the optimal conditions. The presence of NTA accelerated the Fe0 corrosion, Fe2+ stability and turnover between Fe2+ and Fe3+. As such, Fe0 could effectively catalyze CaO2 to produce hydroxyl radicals (•OH) under near-neutral conditions. Accordingly, various molecular weight hydrophilic compounds in different extracellular polymeric substances fractions were significantly reduced after treatment. The hydrophilic functional groups especially protein molecules were largely reduced. Consequently, the viscosity of sludge and particle size effectively decreased, while the release of bound water, surface charge, flocculation, and flowability of sludge were improved. The cost-benefit analysis further demonstrated the NTA-Fe0/CaO2 treatment has high reusability and stability and is also more economical over the FeCl3/CaO and Fenton's reagent/CaO treatments. In summary, the NTA-Fe0/CaO2 process is a cost-effective and practically feasible technology for improving AD sludge dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Liang
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Wangwang Yan
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Yan Zhou
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
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