51
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Ehlers VL, Smies CW, Moyer JR. Apoaequorin differentially modulates fear memory in adult and aged rats. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01832. [PMID: 32945630 PMCID: PMC7667302 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive deficits during aging are pervasive across species and learning paradigms. One of the major mechanisms thought to play a role in age-related memory decline is dysregulated calcium (Ca2+ ) homeostasis. Aging is associated with impaired function of several calcium-regulatory mechanisms, including calcium-binding proteins that normally support intracellular Ca2+ regulation. This age-related calcium-binding protein dysfunction and changes in expression lead to disrupted maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ , thus contributing to memory decline. Other work has found that age-related cognitive deficits can be mitigated by either blocking Ca2+ entry into the cytosol or preventing its release from intracellular Ca2+ stores. However, the effect of calcium-binding protein administration on cognitive function during aging is not well-understood. Our laboratory has previously shown that the calcium-binding protein apoaequorin (AQ) is neuroprotective during oxygen-glucose deprivation, a model of in vitro ischemia characterized by calcium-induced excitotoxicity. The current experiments assessed the effect of direct dorsal hippocampal AQ infusion on trace and context fear memory in adult and aged rats. METHODS Adult (3-6 months) and aged (22-26 months) male F344 rats were randomly assigned to different experimental infusion groups before undergoing trace fear conditioning and testing. In experiment 1, rats received bilateral dorsal hippocampal infusions of either vehicle or AQ (4% w/v) 24 hr before trace fear conditioning. In experiment 2, rats received bilateral dorsal hippocampal infusions of either vehicle or 4% AQ 1 hr before trace fear conditioning and 1 hr before testing. RESULTS Aged rats displayed impaired trace and context fear memory. While a single AQ infusion 24 hr before trace fear conditioning was insufficient to rescue age-related trace fear memory deficits, AQ infusion 1 hr before both conditioning and testing abolished age-related context fear memory deficits. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that intrahippocampal infusion of AQ may reverse aging-related deficits in hippocampus-dependent context fear memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa L Ehlers
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Chad W Smies
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - James R Moyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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52
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Ripoli C, Spinelli M, Natale F, Fusco S, Grassi C. Glucose Overload Inhibits Glutamatergic Synaptic Transmission: A Novel Role for CREB-Mediated Regulation of Synaptotagmins 2 and 4. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:810. [PMID: 32974347 PMCID: PMC7466440 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose metabolism derangement is critically involved in the age-related memory loss but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. In a mouse model of type 1 diabetes we found memory impairment associated with inhibition of the transcription factor CREB and alteration of pre- and post-synaptic protein expression in the hippocampus. Accordingly, glucose excess negatively affected activity-dependent CREB phosphorylation and CREB-mediated mRNA expression of synaptic proteins in hippocampal primary neurons. Specifically, glucose excess inhibited the activity-dependent recruitment of CREB on the regulatory sequences of synaptotagmin (SYT) 2 and 4 promoters and the expression of SYT4 protein. As a result, high glucose affected both the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents and NMDA receptor-mediated currents in autaptic hippocampal neuronal cultures. Collectively, our findings highlight novel mechanisms underlying hyperglycaemia-related memory loss, including CREB-dependent downregulation of synaptotagmin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Ripoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Spinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Natale
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Fusco
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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53
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Chen L, Cummings KA, Mau W, Zaki Y, Dong Z, Rabinowitz S, Clem RL, Shuman T, Cai DJ. The role of intrinsic excitability in the evolution of memory: Significance in memory allocation, consolidation, and updating. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 173:107266. [PMID: 32512183 PMCID: PMC7429265 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Memory is a dynamic process that is continuously regulated by both synaptic and intrinsic neural mechanisms. While numerous studies have shown that synaptic plasticity is important in various types and phases of learning and memory, neuronal intrinsic excitability has received relatively less attention, especially regarding the dynamic nature of memory. In this review, we present evidence demonstrating the importance of intrinsic excitability in memory allocation, consolidation, and updating. We also consider the intricate interaction between intrinsic excitability and synaptic plasticity in shaping memory, supporting both memory stability and flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxuan Chen
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, New York, 10029, United States
| | - Kirstie A Cummings
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, New York, 10029, United States
| | - William Mau
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, New York, 10029, United States
| | - Yosif Zaki
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, New York, 10029, United States
| | - Zhe Dong
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, New York, 10029, United States
| | - Sima Rabinowitz
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, New York, 10029, United States
| | - Roger L Clem
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, New York, 10029, United States
| | - Tristan Shuman
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, New York, 10029, United States
| | - Denise J Cai
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, New York, 10029, United States.
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54
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Wild AR, Sinnen BL, Dittmer PJ, Kennedy MJ, Sather WA, Dell'Acqua ML. Synapse-to-Nucleus Communication through NFAT Is Mediated by L-type Ca 2+ Channel Ca 2+ Spike Propagation to the Soma. Cell Rep 2020; 26:3537-3550.e4. [PMID: 30917310 PMCID: PMC6521872 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term information storage in the brain requires continual modification of the neuronal transcriptome. Synaptic inputs located hundreds of micrometers from the nucleus can regulate gene transcription, requiring high-fidelity, long-range signaling from synapses in dendrites to the nucleus in the cell soma. Here, we describe a synapse-to-nucleus signaling mechanism for the activity-dependent transcription factor NFAT. NMDA receptors activated on distal dendrites were found to initiate L-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) spikes that quickly propagated the length of the dendrite to the soma. Surprisingly, LTCC propagation did not require voltage-gated Na+ channels or back-propagating action potentials. NFAT nuclear recruitment and transcriptional activation only occurred when LTCC spikes invaded the somatic compartment, and the degree of NFAT activation correlated with the number of somatic LTCC Ca2+ spikes. Together, these data support a model for synapse to nucleus communication where NFAT integrates somatic LTCC Ca2+ spikes to alter transcription during periods of heightened neuronal activity. Signaling from synapse to nucleus can alter transcription and consolidate long-term changes in neuronal function. Wild et al. uncover a mechanism for rapid long-distance signaling from distal dendrites to the nucleus that utilizes L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel Ca2+ spikes to activate the transcription factor NFAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R Wild
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Brooke L Sinnen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Philip J Dittmer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew J Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - William A Sather
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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55
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Zhou F, Yan XD, Wang C, He YX, Li YY, Zhang J, Wang ZJ, Cai HY, Qi JS, Wu MN. Suvorexant ameliorates cognitive impairments and pathology in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 91:66-75. [PMID: 32224066 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairments and circadian rhythm disorders are the main clinical manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Orexin has been reported as abnormally elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients, accompanied with cognitive impairments. Our recent research revealed that suvorexant, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, could improve behavioral circadian rhythm disorders in 9-month-old APP/PS1 mice. Here we further observed whether suvorexant could ameliorate the cognitive decline in APP/PS1 mice by using behavioral tests, and investigated the possible mechanisms by in vivo electrophysiological recording, western blot, and immunochemistry. The results showed that suvorexant treatment effectively ameliorated the cognitive impairments, alleviated in vivo hippocampal long-term potentiation suppression, restored the circadian phosphorylated CREB expression in the hippocampus, and reduced amyloid-β protein deposition in the hippocampus and cortex in APP/PS1 mice. These results indicate that the neuroprotective effects of suvorexant against AD are involved in the reduction of amyloid-β plaques, improvement of synaptic plasticity, and circadian expression of phosphorylated CREB, suggesting that suvorexant could be beneficial to the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Dong Yan
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Xin He
- Department of Radiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ying Li
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Functional Laboratory Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Jun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yan Cai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Shun Qi
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mei-Na Wu
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China.
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56
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Autism-associated mutations in the CaVβ2 calcium-channel subunit increase Ba2+-currents and lead to differential modulation by the RGK-protein Gem. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 136:104721. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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57
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Misrani A, Tabassum S, Wang M, Chen J, Yang L, Long C. Citalopram prevents sleep-deprivation-induced reduction in CaMKII-CREB-BDNF signaling in mouse prefrontal cortex. Brain Res Bull 2020; 155:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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58
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Liu X, Feng Z, Du L, Huang Y, Ge J, Deng Y, Mei Z. The Potential Role of MicroRNA-124 in Cerebral Ischemia Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010120. [PMID: 31878035 PMCID: PMC6981583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia injury, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, initiates sequential molecular and cellular pathologies that underlie ischemic encephalopathy (IE), such as ischemic stroke, Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), epilepsy, etc. Targeted therapeutic treatments are urgently needed to tackle the pathological processes implicated in these neurological diseases. Recently, accumulating studies demonstrate that microRNA-124 (miR-124), the most abundant miRNA in brain tissue, is aberrant in peripheral blood and brain vascular endothelial cells following cerebral ischemia. Importantly, miR-124 regulates a variety of pathophysiological processes that are involved in the pathogenesis of age-related IE. However, the role of miR-124 has not been systematically illustrated. Paradoxically, miR-124 exerts beneficial effects in the age-related IE via regulating autophagy, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuronal excitability, neurodifferentiation, Aβ deposition, and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, while it may play a dual role via regulating apoptosis and exerts detrimental effects on synaptic plasticity and axonal growth. In the present review, we thus focus on the paradoxical roles of miR-124 in age-related IE, as well as the underlying mechanisms. A great understanding of the effects of miR-124 on the hypoxic-ischemic brain will open new avenues for therapeutic approaches to protect against cerebral ischemia injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Liu
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (X.L.); (Z.F.); (L.D.); (Y.H.)
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (X.L.); (Z.F.); (L.D.); (Y.H.)
| | - Lipeng Du
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (X.L.); (Z.F.); (L.D.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yaguang Huang
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (X.L.); (Z.F.); (L.D.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jinwen Ge
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China (Y.D.)
| | - Yihui Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China (Y.D.)
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (X.L.); (Z.F.); (L.D.); (Y.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China (Y.D.)
- Correspondence:
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59
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Tyssowski KM, Gray JM. The neuronal stimulation-transcription coupling map. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2019; 59:87-94. [PMID: 31163285 PMCID: PMC6885097 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurons transcribe different genes in response to different extracellular stimuli, and these genes regulate neuronal plasticity. Thus, understanding how different stimuli regulate different stimulus-dependent gene modules would deepen our understanding of plasticity. To systematically dissect the coupling between stimulation and transcription, we propose creating a 'stimulation-transcription coupling map' that describes the transcription response to each possible extracellular stimulus. While we are currently far from having a complete map, recent genomic experiments have begun to facilitate its creation. Here, we describe the current state of the stimulation-transcription coupling map as well as the transcriptional regulation that enables this coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Tyssowski
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Genetics, 77 Ave Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Jesse M Gray
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Genetics, 77 Ave Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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60
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Morgan PJ, Bourboulou R, Filippi C, Koenig-Gambini J, Epsztein J. Kv1.1 contributes to a rapid homeostatic plasticity of intrinsic excitability in CA1 pyramidal neurons in vivo. eLife 2019; 8:49915. [PMID: 31774395 PMCID: PMC6881145 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In area CA1 of the hippocampus, the selection of place cells to represent a new environment is biased towards neurons with higher excitability. However, different environments are represented by orthogonal cell ensembles, suggesting that regulatory mechanisms exist. Activity-dependent plasticity of intrinsic excitability, as observed in vitro, is an attractive candidate. Here, using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of CA1 pyramidal neurons in anesthetized rats, we have examined how inducing theta-bursts of action potentials affects their intrinsic excitability over time. We observed a long-lasting, homeostatic depression of intrinsic excitability which commenced within minutes, and, in contrast to in vitro observations, was not mediated by dendritic Ih. Instead, it was attenuated by the Kv1.1 channel blocker dendrotoxin K, suggesting an axonal origin. Analysis of place cells’ out-of-field firing in mice navigating in virtual reality further revealed an experience-dependent reduction consistent with decreased excitability. We propose that this mechanism could reduce memory interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter James Morgan
- Institute of Neurobiology of the Mediterranean Sea (INMED), Turing Center for Living Systems (CENTURI), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Bourboulou
- Institute of Neurobiology of the Mediterranean Sea (INMED), Turing Center for Living Systems (CENTURI), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Filippi
- Institute of Neurobiology of the Mediterranean Sea (INMED), Turing Center for Living Systems (CENTURI), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Julie Koenig-Gambini
- Institute of Neurobiology of the Mediterranean Sea (INMED), Turing Center for Living Systems (CENTURI), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Epsztein
- Institute of Neurobiology of the Mediterranean Sea (INMED), Turing Center for Living Systems (CENTURI), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France
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61
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A novel phospho-modulatory mechanism contributes to the calcium-dependent regulation of T-type Ca 2+ channels. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15642. [PMID: 31666636 PMCID: PMC6821770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52194-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cav3 / T-type Ca2+ channels are dynamically regulated by intracellular Ca2+ ions, which inhibit Cav3 availability. Here, we demonstrate that this inhibition becomes irreversible in the presence of non-hydrolysable ATP analogs, resulting in a strong hyperpolarizing shift in the steady-state inactivation of the residual Cav3 current. Importantly, the effect of these ATP analogs was prevented in the presence of intracellular BAPTA. Additional findings obtained using intracellular dialysis of inorganic phosphate and alkaline phosphatase or NaN3 treatment further support the involvement of a phosphorylation mechanism. Contrasting with Cav1 and Cav2 Ca2+ channels, the Ca2+-dependent modulation of Cav3 channels appears to be independent of calmodulin, calcineurin and endocytic pathways. Similar findings were obtained for the native T-type Ca2+ current recorded in rat thalamic neurons of the central medial nucleus. Overall, our data reveal a new Ca2+ sensitive phosphorylation-dependent mechanism regulating Cav3 channels, with potentially important physiological implications for the multiple cell functions controlled by T-type Ca2+ channels.
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62
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Sharma A, Kazim SF, Larson CS, Ramakrishnan A, Gray JD, McEwen BS, Rosenberg PA, Shen L, Pereira AC. Divergent roles of astrocytic versus neuronal EAAT2 deficiency on cognition and overlap with aging and Alzheimer's molecular signatures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:21800-21811. [PMID: 31591195 PMCID: PMC6815169 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903566116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) is the major glutamate transporter in the brain expressed predominantly in astrocytes and at low levels in neurons and axonal terminals. EAAT2 expression is reduced in aging and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients' brains. The role EAAT2 plays in cognitive aging and its associated mechanisms remains largely unknown. Here, we show that conditional deletion of astrocytic and neuronal EAAT2 results in age-related cognitive deficits. Astrocytic, but not neuronal EAAT2, deletion leads to early deficits in short-term memory and in spatial reference learning and long-term memory. Neuronal EAAT2 loss results in late-onset spatial reference long-term memory deficit. Neuronal EAAT2 deletion leads to dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway, and astrocytic EAAT2 deficiency results in dysfunction of innate and adaptive immune pathways, which correlate with cognitive decline. Astrocytic EAAT2 deficiency also shows transcriptomic overlaps with human aging and AD. Overall, the present study shows that in addition to the widely recognized astrocytic EAAT2, neuronal EAAT2 plays a role in hippocampus-dependent memory. Furthermore, the gene expression profiles associated with astrocytic and neuronal EAAT2 deletion are substantially different, with the former associated with inflammation and synaptic function similar to changes observed in human AD and gene expression changes associated with inflammation similar to the aging human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Syed Faraz Kazim
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Chloe S Larson
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Aarthi Ramakrishnan
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Jason D Gray
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Bruce S McEwen
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065;
| | - Paul A Rosenberg
- Department of Neurology and the F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Li Shen
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ana C Pereira
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029;
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
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63
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Wasnik VH, Lipp P, Kruse K. Accuracy of position determination in Ca^{2+} signaling. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:022401. [PMID: 31574643 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.022401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A living cell senses its environment and responds to external signals. In this paper, we study theoretically the precision at which cells can determine the position of a spatially localized transient extracellular signal. To this end, we focus on the case where the stimulus is converted into the release of a small molecule that acts as a second messenger, for example, Ca^{2+}, and activates kinases that change the activity of enzymes by phosphorylating them. We analyze the spatial distribution of phosphorylation events using stochastic simulations as well as a mean-field approach. Kinases that need to bind to the cell membrane for getting activated provide more accurate estimates than cytosolic kinases. Our results could explain why the rate of Ca^{2+} detachment from the membrane-binding conventional protein kinase Cα is larger than its phosphorylation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav H Wasnik
- NCCR Chemical Biology, Departments of Biochemistry and Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.,Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Ponda 403401, India
| | - Peter Lipp
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Research Centre for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Center for Molecular Signaling, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Karsten Kruse
- NCCR Chemical Biology, Departments of Biochemistry and Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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64
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Yap EL, Greenberg ME. Activity-Regulated Transcription: Bridging the Gap between Neural Activity and Behavior. Neuron 2019; 100:330-348. [PMID: 30359600 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gene transcription is the process by which the genetic codes of organisms are read and interpreted as a set of instructions for cells to divide, differentiate, migrate, and mature. As cells function in their respective niches, transcription further allows mature cells to interact dynamically with their external environment while reliably retaining fundamental information about past experiences. In this Review, we provide an overview of the field of activity-dependent transcription in the vertebrate brain and highlight contemporary work that ranges from studies of activity-dependent chromatin modifications to plasticity mechanisms underlying adaptive behaviors. We identify key gaps in knowledge and propose integrated approaches toward a deeper understanding of how activity-dependent transcription promotes the refinement and plasticity of neural circuits for cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee-Lynn Yap
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael E Greenberg
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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65
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Wasnik VH, Lipp P, Kruse K. Positional Information Readout in Ca^{2+} Signaling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:058102. [PMID: 31491303 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.058102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Living cells respond to spatially confined signals. Intracellular signal transmission often involves the release of second messengers like Ca^{2+}. They eventually trigger a physiological response, for example, by activating kinases that in turn activate target proteins through phosphorylation. Here, we investigate theoretically how positional information can be accurately read out by protein phosphorylation in spite of rapid second messenger diffusion. We find that accuracy is increased by binding of kinases to the cell membrane prior to phosphorylation and by increasing the rate of Ca^{2+} loss from the cell interior. These findings could explain some salient features of the conventional protein kinase Cα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav H Wasnik
- NCCR Chemical Biology, Departments of Biochemistry and Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Ponda 403401, India
| | - Peter Lipp
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Research Centre for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Karsten Kruse
- NCCR Chemical Biology, Departments of Biochemistry and Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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66
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Toth AB, Hori K, Novakovic MM, Bernstein NG, Lambot L, Prakriya M. CRAC channels regulate astrocyte Ca 2+ signaling and gliotransmitter release to modulate hippocampal GABAergic transmission. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/582/eaaw5450. [PMID: 31113852 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaw5450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes are the major glial subtype in the brain and mediate numerous functions ranging from metabolic support to gliotransmitter release through signaling mechanisms controlled by Ca2+ Despite intense interest, the Ca2+ influx pathways in astrocytes remain obscure, hindering mechanistic insights into how Ca2+ signaling is coupled to downstream astrocyte-mediated effector functions. Here, we identified store-operated Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels encoded by Orai1 and STIM1 as a major route of Ca2+ entry for driving sustained and oscillatory Ca2+ signals in astrocytes after stimulation of metabotropic purinergic and protease-activated receptors. Using synaptopHluorin as an optical reporter, we showed that the opening of astrocyte CRAC channels stimulated vesicular exocytosis to mediate the release of gliotransmitters, including ATP. Furthermore, slice electrophysiological recordings showed that activation of astrocytes by protease-activated receptors stimulated interneurons in the CA1 hippocampus to increase inhibitory postsynaptic currents on CA1 pyramidal cells. These results reveal a central role for CRAC channels as regulators of astrocyte Ca2+ signaling, gliotransmitter release, and astrocyte-mediated tonic inhibition of CA1 pyramidal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Toth
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kotaro Hori
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Michaela M Novakovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Natalie G Bernstein
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Laurie Lambot
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Murali Prakriya
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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67
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Zeng Q, Huang Z, Zhang J, Liu R, Li X, Zeng J, Xiao H. 3'-Daidzein Sulfonate Sodium Protects Against Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion-Mediated Cognitive Impairment and Hippocampal Damage via Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein Upregulation. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:104. [PMID: 30930725 PMCID: PMC6424008 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The learning and memory impairment caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is permanent and seriously affects the daily life of patients and their families. The compound 3'-daidzein sulfonate sodium (DSS) protects against CCH-mediated memory impairment and hippocampal damage in a rat model. In the present study, we further investigated the underlying mechanisms of this effect in the rat two-vessel occlusion (2VO) and the oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) primary hippocampal neuron models. The hippocampal expression of the activity-regulated cytoskeleton associated protein (Arc) following DSS administration was detected in vivo and in vitro and behavioral testing was used to investigate the role of Arc in the DSS-mediated rescue of CCH-induced neurotoxicity. DSS increased hippocampal Arc expression both in vivo and in vitro. Arc overexpression increased and Arc knockdown decreased hippocampal neuronal densities in rat 2VO model, when compared to DSS treatment alone. Arc overexpression decreased and Arc knockdown increased apoptotic hippocampal neurons in rat 2VO and OGD primary hippocampal neuron models, when compared to DSS treatment alone. Arc overexpression enhanced and Arc knockdown inhibited the beneficial effect of DSS on 2VO-induced cognitive impairment. DSS restored the neuronal OGD-mediated phosphorylation decrease in protein kinase alpha (PKA), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), in vitro. PKA and ERK1/2 inhibition blocked the DSS-mediated effects on neuronal apoptosis and OGD-induced Arc downregulation. In conclusion, DSS protects against CCH-mediated cognitive impairment and hippocampal damage via Arc upregulation, which is activated by the PKA/CREB and ERK/CREB signaling pathways. Our study further confirms the potential use of DSS as an effective treatment for CCH-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ruizhen Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hai Xiao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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68
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Feldmann KG, Chowdhury A, Becker JL, McAlpin N, Ahmed T, Haider S, Richard Xia JX, Diaz K, Mehta MG, Mano I. Non-canonical activation of CREB mediates neuroprotection in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of excitotoxic necrosis. J Neurochem 2018; 148:531-549. [PMID: 30447010 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Excitotoxicity, caused by exaggerated neuronal stimulation by Glutamate (Glu), is a major cause of neurodegeneration in brain ischemia. While we know that neurodegeneration is triggered by overstimulation of Glu-receptors (GluRs), the subsequent mechanisms that lead to cellular demise remain controversial. Surprisingly, signaling downstream of GluRs can also activate neuroprotective pathways. The strongest evidence involves activation of the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), widely recognized for its importance in synaptic plasticity. Canonical views describe CREB as a phosphorylation-triggered transcription factor, where transcriptional activation involves CREB phosphorylation and association with CREB-binding protein. However, given CREB's ubiquitous cross-tissue expression, the multitude of cascades leading to CREB phosphorylation, and its ability to regulate thousands of genes, it remains unclear how CREB exerts closely tailored, differential neuroprotective responses in excitotoxicity. A non-canonical, alternative cascade for activation of CREB-mediated transcription involves the CREB co-factor cAMP-regulated transcriptional co-activator (CRTC), and may be independent of CREB phosphorylation. To identify cascades that activate CREB in excitotoxicity we used a Caenorhabditis elegans model of neurodegeneration by excitotoxic necrosis. We demonstrated that CREB's neuroprotective effect was conserved, and seemed most effective in neurons with moderate Glu exposure. We found that factors mediating canonical CREB activation were not involved. Instead, phosphorylation-independent CREB activation in nematode excitotoxic necrosis hinged on CRTC. CREB-mediated transcription that depends on CRTC, but not on CREB phosphorylation, might lead to expression of a specific subset of neuroprotective genes. Elucidating conserved mechanisms of excitotoxicity-specific CREB activation can help us focus on core neuroprotective programs in excitotoxicity. Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14494.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Genevieve Feldmann
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, CDI Cluster on Neural Development and Repair, The CUNY School of Medicine, City College (CCNY), The City University of New York (CUNY), New York City, New York, USA.,The CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative PhD Program, CUNY Graduate Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Ayesha Chowdhury
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, CDI Cluster on Neural Development and Repair, The CUNY School of Medicine, City College (CCNY), The City University of New York (CUNY), New York City, New York, USA.,The CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative PhD Program, CUNY Graduate Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jessica L Becker
- Undergraduate Program in Biology, CCNY, CUNY, New York City, New York, USA
| | - N'Gina McAlpin
- Undergraduate Program in Biology, CCNY, CUNY, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Taqwa Ahmed
- The Sophie Davis BS/MD program, CUNY School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Syed Haider
- Undergraduate Program in Biology, CCNY, CUNY, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jian X Richard Xia
- The Sophie Davis BS/MD program, CUNY School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Karina Diaz
- The Sophie Davis BS/MD program, CUNY School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Monal G Mehta
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Itzhak Mano
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, CDI Cluster on Neural Development and Repair, The CUNY School of Medicine, City College (CCNY), The City University of New York (CUNY), New York City, New York, USA.,The CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative PhD Program, CUNY Graduate Center, New York City, New York, USA.,The Sophie Davis BS/MD program, CUNY School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
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69
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Kyrke-Smith M, Williams JM. Bridging Synaptic and Epigenetic Maintenance Mechanisms of the Engram. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:369. [PMID: 30344478 PMCID: PMC6182070 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
How memories are maintained, and how memories are lost during aging or disease, are intensely investigated issues. Arguably, the reigning theory is that synaptic modifications allow for the formation of engrams during learning, and sustaining engrams sustains memory. Activity-regulated gene expression profiles have been shown to be critical to these processes, and their control by the epigenome has begun to be investigated in earnest. Here, we propose a novel theory as to how engrams are sustained. We propose that many of the genes that are currently believed to underlie long-term memory are actually part of a “plasticity transcriptome” that underpins structural and functional modifications to neuronal connectivity during the hours to days following learning. Further, we hypothesize that a “maintenance transcriptome” is subsequently induced that includes epigenetic negative regulators of gene expression, particularly histone deacetylases. The maintenance transcriptome negatively regulates the plasticity transcriptome, and thus the plastic capability of a neuron, after learning. In this way, the maintenance transcriptome would act as a metaplasticity mechanism that raises the threshold for change in neurons within an engram, helping to ensure the connectivity is stabilized and memory is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Kyrke-Smith
- Department of Anatomy, The Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Psychology, The Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Joanna M Williams
- Department of Anatomy, The Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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70
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Zhou L, Duan J. The C-terminus of NMDAR GluN1-1a Subunit Translocates to Nucleus and Regulates Synaptic Function. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:334. [PMID: 30333730 PMCID: PMC6176477 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NMDARs, the Ca2+ permeable channels, play central roles in synaptic plasticity, brain development, learning, and memory. NMDAR binding partners and associated signaling has been extensively studied in synapse-to-nucleus communications. However, whether NMDARs could directly regulate synapse-to-nucleus communications is largely unknown. Here, we analyze the four alternative splicing of the C-terminus isoforms of GluN1 (1a, 2a, 3a, and 4a), and find that C1 domain of GluN1 is necessary for nuclear localization. Besides, we find that the 10 basic amino acids in C1 domain determine the nuclear localization of GluN1 C-terminus. Further investigating the expression patterns of the full length of GluN1 four isoforms shows that only GluN-1a exhibits the cytoplasmic and nucleus distribution in primary hippocampal neurons. Electrophysiological analyses also show that over-expression of GluN1 C-terminus without C1 domain doesn't affect synaptic transmission, whereas GluN1 C-terminus containing C1 domain potentiates NMDAR-mediated synaptic transmission. Our data suggested that the 10 basic amino acids in C1 domain determine translocation of GluN1 C-terminus into nucleus and regulate synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Duan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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71
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Michalak A, Pekala K, Budzynska B, Kruk-Slomka M, Biala G. The role of verapamil and SL-327 in morphine- and ethanol-induced state-dependent and cross state-dependent memory. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 834:318-326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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72
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β-Subunit of the voltage-gated Ca 2+ channel Cav1.2 drives signaling to the nucleus via H-Ras. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E8624-E8633. [PMID: 30150369 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1805380115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Depolarization-induced signaling to the nucleus by the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel Cav1.2 is widely assumed to proceed by elevating intracellular calcium. The apparent lack of quantitative correlation between Ca2+ influx and gene activation suggests an alternative activation pathway. Here, we demonstrate that membrane depolarization of HEK293 cells transfected with α11.2/β2b/α2δ subunits (Cav1.2) triggers c-Fos and MeCP2 activation via the Ras/ERK/CREB pathway. Nuclear signaling is lost either by absence of the intracellular β2 subunit or by transfecting the cells with the channel mutant α11.2W440A/β2b/α2δ, a mutation that disrupts the interaction between α11.2 and β2 subunits. Pulldown assays in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells and in vitro binding of recombinant H-Ras and β2 confirmed the importance of the intracellular β2 subunit for depolarization-induced gene activation. Using a Ca2+-impermeable mutant channel α11.2L745P/β2b/α2δ or disrupting Ca2+/calmodulin binding to the channel using the channel mutant α11.2I1624A/β2b/α2δ, we demonstrate that depolarization-induced c-Fos and MeCP2 activation does not depend on Ca2+ transport by the channel. Thus, in contrast to the paradigm that elevated intracellular Ca2+ drives nuclear signaling, we show that Cav1.2-triggered c-Fos or MeCP2 is dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+ occupancy of the open channel pore, but is Ca2+-influx independent. An indispensable β-subunit interaction with H-Ras, which is triggered by conformational changes at α11.2 independently of Ca2+ flux, brings to light a master regulatory role of β2 in transcriptional activation via the ERK/CREB pathway. This mode of H-Ras activation could have broad implications for understanding the coupling of membrane depolarization to the rapid induction of gene transcription.
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73
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Tonn Eisinger KR, Gross KS, Head BP, Mermelstein PG. Interactions between estrogen receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors and their impact on drug addiction in females. Horm Behav 2018; 104:130-137. [PMID: 29505763 PMCID: PMC6131090 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Contribution to Special Issue on Fast effects of steroids. Estrogen receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ) have a unique relationship with metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the female rodent brain such that estradiol is able to recruit intracellular G-protein signaling cascades to influence neuronal physiology, structure, and ultimately behavior. While this association between ERs and mGluRs exists in many cell types and brain regions, its effects are perhaps most striking in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). This review will discuss the original characterization of ER/mGluR signaling and how estradiol activity in the NAc confers increased sensitivity to drugs of abuse in females through this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Tonn Eisinger
- Department of Neuroscience and Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kellie S Gross
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Brian P Head
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Paul G Mermelstein
- Department of Neuroscience and Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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74
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Zhang H, Kyzar EJ, Bohnsack JP, Kokare DM, Teppen T, Pandey SC. Adolescent alcohol exposure epigenetically regulates CREB signaling in the adult amygdala. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10376. [PMID: 29991681 PMCID: PMC6039491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge alcohol drinking in adolescence leads to increased risk for alcohol use and other psychiatric disorders in adulthood. The transcription factor cAMP-response element binding (CREB) protein is involved in the neuronal response to adult ethanol exposure, but its role in the enduring effects of adolescent alcohol exposure in adulthood is unknown. We exposed male rats to adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) or saline (AIS) during post-natal days 28-41 and evaluated the epigenetic regulation of CREB dynamics in the adult amygdala. A subset of these adult rats was exposed to an acute ethanol challenge. AIE decreased CREB, phosphorylated CREB, CREB-binding protein (CBP) and p300 protein levels in adult amygdaloid brain structures. AIE exposure also causes deficits in Creb1, Cbp, and p300 mRNA expression in the amygdala of AIE adult rats which are normalized after acute ethanol exposure. Interestingly, occupancy of acetylated histone H3K9/14 proteins at specific locations in the Creb1, Cbp, and p300 gene promoter regions was decreased in the amygdala of AIE adult rats and was normalized by acute ethanol exposure. These results suggest that AIE exposure epigenetically reduces CREB and other related transcriptional activators in the amygdala in adulthood that may be associated with the behavioral effects of adolescent alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaibo Zhang
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA
| | - Evan J Kyzar
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA
| | - John Peyton Bohnsack
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA
| | - Dadasaheb M Kokare
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA
| | - Tara Teppen
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA
| | - Subhash C Pandey
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA.
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA.
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75
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Borovac J, Bosch M, Okamoto K. Regulation of actin dynamics during structural plasticity of dendritic spines: Signaling messengers and actin-binding proteins. Mol Cell Neurosci 2018; 91:122-130. [PMID: 30004015 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity-dependent plasticity of synaptic structure and function plays an essential role in neuronal development and in cognitive functions including learning and memory. The formation, maintenance and modulation of dendritic spines are mainly controlled by the dynamics of actin filaments (F-actin) through interaction with various actin-binding proteins (ABPs) and postsynaptic signaling messengers. Induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) triggers a cascade of events involving Ca2+ signaling, intracellular pathways such as cAMP and cGMP, and regulation of ABPs such as CaMKII, Cofilin, Aip1, Arp2/3, α-actinin, Profilin and Drebrin. We review here how these ABPs modulate the rate of assembly, disassembly, stabilization and bundling of F-actin during LTP induction. We highlight the crucial role that CaMKII exerts in both functional and structural plasticity by directly coupling Ca2+ signaling with F-actin dynamics through the β subunit. Moreover, we show how cAMP and cGMP second messengers regulate postsynaptic structural potentiation. Brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia or autism, are associated with alterations in the regulation of F-actin dynamics by these ABPs and signaling messengers. Thus, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling actin cytoskeleton can provide cues for the treatment of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Borovac
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Miquel Bosch
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
| | - Kenichi Okamoto
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada.
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76
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A Critical Neurodevelopmental Role for L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels in Neurite Extension and Radial Migration. J Neurosci 2018; 38:5551-5566. [PMID: 29773754 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2357-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite many association studies linking gene polymorphisms and mutations of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, the roles of specific L-type VGCC during brain development remain unclear. Calcium signaling has been shown to be essential for neurodevelopmental processes such as sculpting of neurites, functional wiring, and fine tuning of growing networks. To investigate this relationship, we performed submembraneous calcium imaging using a membrane-tethered genetically encoded calcium indicator (GECI) Lck-G-CaMP7. We successfully recorded spontaneous regenerative calcium transients (SRCaTs) in developing mouse excitatory cortical neurons prepared from both sexes before synapse formation. SRCaTs originated locally in immature neurites independently of somatic calcium rises and were significantly more elevated in the axons than in dendrites. SRCaTs were not blocked by tetrodoxin, a Na+ channel blocker, but were strongly inhibited by hyperpolarization, suggesting a voltage-dependent source. Pharmacological and genetic manipulations revealed the critical importance of the Cav1.2 (CACNA1C) pore-forming subunit of L-type VGCCs, which were indeed expressed in immature mouse brains. Consistently, knocking out Cav1.2 resulted in significant alterations of neurite outgrowth. Furthermore, expression of a gain-of-function Cav1.2 mutant found in Timothy syndrome, an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder exhibiting syndromic autism, resulted in impaired radial migration of layer 2/3 excitatory neurons, whereas postnatal abrogation of Cav1.2 enhancement could rescue cortical malformation. Together, these lines of evidence suggest a critical role for spontaneous opening of L-type VGCCs in neural development and corticogenesis and indicate that L-type VGCCs might constitute a perinatal therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric calciochannelopathies.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Despite many association studies linking gene polymorphisms and mutations of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, the roles of specific L-type VGCCs during brain development remain unclear. We here combined the latest Ca2+ indicator technology, quantitative pharmacology, and in utero electroporation and found a hitherto unsuspected role for L-type VGCCs in determining the Ca2+ signaling landscape of mouse immature neurons. We found that malfunctional L-type VGCCs in immature neurons before birth might cause errors in neuritic growth and cortical migration. Interestingly, the retarded corticogenesis phenotype was rescued by postnatal correction of L-type VGCC signal aberration. These findings suggest that L-type VGCCs might constitute a perinatal therapeutic target for neurodevelopment-associated psychiatric disorders.
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Li T, Jiao JJ, Hölscher C, Wu MN, Zhang J, Tong JQ, Dong XF, Qu XS, Cao Y, Cai HY, Su Q, Qi JS. A novel GLP-1/GIP/Gcg triagonist reduces cognitive deficits and pathology in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Hippocampus 2018; 28:358-372. [PMID: 29473979 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) have been identified to be effective in T2DM treatment and neuroprotection. In this study, we further explored the effects of a novel unimolecular GLP-1/GIP/Gcg triagonist on the cognitive behavior and cerebral pathology in the 7-month-old triple transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD), and investigated its possible electrophysiological and molecular mechanisms. After chronic administration of the GLP-1/GIP/Gcg triagonist (10 nmol/kg bodyweight, once daily, i.p.) for 30 days, open field, Y maze and Morris water maze tests were performed, followed by in vivo electrophysiological recording, immunofluorescence and Western blotting experiments. We found that the chronic treatment with the triagonist could improve long-term spatial memory of 3xTg-AD mice in Morris water maze, as well as the working memory in Y maze task. The triagonist also alleviated the suppression of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of hippocampus. In addition, the triagonist significantly reduced hippocampal pathological damages, including amyloid-β (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau aggregates, and upregulated the expression levels of S133 p-CREB, T286 p-CAMKII and S9 p-GSK3β in the hippocampus of the 3xTg-AD mice. These results demonstrate for the first time that the novel GLP-1/GIP/Gcg triagonist is efficacious in ameliorating cognitive deficits and pathological damages of 3xTg-AD mice, suggesting that the triagonist might be potentially beneficial in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Neurobiology and National Key Discipline of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Juan-Juan Jiao
- Department of Neurobiology and National Key Discipline of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Christian Hölscher
- Division of Biomed and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mei-Na Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and National Key Discipline of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and National Key Discipline of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Jia-Qing Tong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - Xue-Fan Dong
- Department of Neurobiology and National Key Discipline of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Xue-Song Qu
- Department of Neurobiology and National Key Discipline of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Neurobiology and National Key Discipline of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Cai
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, PR China
| | - Qiang Su
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, PR China
| | - Jin-Shun Qi
- Department of Neurobiology and National Key Discipline of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
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78
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Cardinale A, Fusco FR. Inhibition of phosphodiesterases as a strategy to achieve neuroprotection in Huntington's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:319-328. [PMID: 29500937 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative condition, due to a mutation in the IT15 gene encoding for huntingtin. Currently, disease-modifying therapy is not available for HD, and only symptomatic drugs are administered for the management of symptoms. In the last few years, preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that pharmacological strategies aimed at inhibiting cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDEs) may develop into a novel therapeutic approach in neurodegenerative disorders. PDEs are a family of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides into monophosphate isoforms. Cyclic nucleotides are second messengers that transduce the signal of hormones and neurotransmitters in many physiological processes, such as protein kinase cascades and synaptic transmission. An alteration in their balance results in the dysregulation of different biological mechanisms (transcriptional dysregulation, immune cell activation, inflammatory mechanisms, and regeneration) that are involved in neurological diseases. In this review, we discuss the action of phosphodiesterase inhibitors and their role as therapeutic agents in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca R Fusco
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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79
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Uchida S, Shumyatsky GP. Epigenetic regulation of Fgf1 transcription by CRTC1 and memory enhancement. Brain Res Bull 2018; 141:3-12. [PMID: 29477835 PMCID: PMC6128695 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence demonstrates that epigenetic regulation of gene transcription is critically involved in learning and memory. Here, we discuss the role of histone acetylation and DNA methylation, which are two best understood epigenetic processes in memory processes. More specifically, we focus on learning-strength-dependent changes in chromatin on the fibroblast growth factor 1 (Fgf1) gene and on the molecular events that modulate regulation of Fgf1 transcription, required for memory enhancement, with the specific focus on CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 (CRTC1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusaku Uchida
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Gleb P Shumyatsky
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, 145 Bevier Rd., Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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80
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Altered function of neuronal L-type calcium channels in ageing and neuroinflammation: Implications in age-related synaptic dysfunction and cognitive decline. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 42:86-99. [PMID: 29339150 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The rapid developments in science have led to an increase in human life expectancy and thus, ageing and age-related disorders/diseases have become one of the greatest concerns in the 21st century. Cognitive abilities tend to decline as we get older. This age-related cognitive decline is mainly attributed to aberrant changes in synaptic plasticity and neuronal connections. Recent studies show that alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis underlie the increased vulnerability of neurons to age-related processes like cognitive decline and synaptic dysfunctions. Dysregulation of Ca2+ can lead to dramatic changes in neuronal functions. We discuss in this review, the recent advances on the potential role of dysregulated Ca2+ homeostasis through altered function of L-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels (LTCC) in ageing, with an emphasis on cognitive decline. This review therefore focuses on age-related changes mainly in the hippocampus, and with mention of other brain areas, that are important for learning and memory. This review also highlights age-related memory deficits via synaptic alterations and neuroinflammation. An understanding of these mechanisms will help us formulate strategies to reverse or ameliorate age-related disorders like cognitive decline.
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81
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Briskin-Luchinsky V, Levy R, Halfon M, Susswein AJ. Molecular correlates of separate components of training that contribute to long-term memory formation after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:90-99. [PMID: 29339560 PMCID: PMC5772390 DOI: 10.1101/lm.046326.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Training Aplysia with inedible food for a period that is too brief to produce long-term memory becomes effective in producing memory when training is paired with a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Lip stimulation for the same period of time paired with an NO donor is ineffective. Using qPCR, we examined molecular correlates of brief training versus lip stimulation, of treatment with an NO donor versus saline, and of the combined stimuli producing long-term memory. Changes were examined in mRNA expression of Aplysia homologs of C/EBP, CREB1, CREB1α, CREB1β, and CREB2, in both the buccal and cerebral ganglia controlling feeding. Both the brief training and the NO donor increased expression of C/EBP, CREB1, CREB1α, and CREB1β, but not CREB2 in the buccal ganglia. For CREB1α, there was a significant interaction between the effects of the brief training and of the NO donor. In addition, the NO donor, but not brief training, increased expression of all of the genes in the cerebral ganglion. These findings show that the components of learning that alone do not produce memory produce molecular changes in different ganglia. Thus, long-term memory is likely to arise by both additive and interactive increases in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Briskin-Luchinsky
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Roi Levy
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Maayan Halfon
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Abraham J Susswein
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
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82
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Huang W, Dong Y, Zhao G, Wang Y, Jiang J, Zhao P. Influence of isoflurane exposure in pregnant rats on the learning and memory of offsprings. BMC Anesthesiol 2018; 18:5. [PMID: 29325538 PMCID: PMC5765622 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-018-0471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background About 2% of pregnant women receive non-obstetric surgery under general anesthesia each year. During pregnancy, general anesthetics may affect brain development of the fetus. This study aimed to investigate safe dosage range of isoflurane. Methods Forty-eight SpragueDawley (SD) pregnant rats were randomly divided into 3 groups and inhaled 1.3% isoflurane (the Iso1 group), 2.0% isoflurane (the Iso2 group) and 50% O2 alone (the control group) for 3 h, respectively. Their offsprings were subjected to Morris water maze at day 28 and day 90 after birth to evaluate learning and memory. The expression of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and phosphorylated cAMP-response element binding protein (p-CREB) was detected in the hippocampus dentate gyrus. Results Less offsprings of Iso2 group were able to cross the platform than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Accordingly, the Iso2 offsprings expressed p-CREB mainly in the subgranular zone in contrast to the whole granular cell layer of hippocampus dentate gyrus as detected in the Iso1 and control offsprings; the expression level of pCREB was also lower in the Iso2 than Iso1 or control offsprings (P < 0.05). Conclusion Inhalation of isoflurane at 1.3% during pregnancy has no significant influence on learning and memory of the offspring; exposure to isoflurane at 2.0% causes damage to spatial memory associated with inhibition of CREB phosphorylation in the granular cell layer of hippocampus dentate gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 SanHao Street, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 SanHao Street, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 SanHao Street, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 SanHao Street, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 SanHao Street, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 SanHao Street, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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83
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Eagle AL, Gajewski PA, Robison AJ. Role of hippocampal activity-induced transcription in memory consolidation. Rev Neurosci 2018; 27:559-73. [PMID: 27180338 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Experience-dependent changes in the strength of connections between neurons in the hippocampus (HPC) are critical for normal learning and memory consolidation, and disruption of this process drives a variety of neurological and psychiatric diseases. Proper HPC function relies upon discrete changes in gene expression driven by transcription factors (TFs) induced by neuronal activity. Here, we describe the induction and function of many of the most well-studied HPC TFs, including cyclic-AMP response element binding protein, serum-response factor, AP-1, and others, and describe their role in the learning process. We also discuss the known target genes of many of these TFs and the purported mechanisms by which they regulate long-term changes in HPC synaptic strength. Moreover, we propose that future research in this field will depend upon unbiased identification of additional gene targets for these activity-dependent TFs and subsequent meta-analyses that identify common genes or pathways regulated by multiple TFs in the HPC during learning or disease.
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84
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Li X, Liu RZ, Zeng Q, Huang ZH, Zhang JD, Liu ZL, Zeng J, Xiao H. 3'-Daidzein sulfonate sodium protects against memory impairment and hippocampal damage caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:1561-1567. [PMID: 30127116 PMCID: PMC6126135 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.237119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
3′-Daidzein sulfonate sodium (DSS) is a new synthetic water-soluble compound derived from daidzein, a soya isoflavone that plays regulatory roles in neurobiology. In this study, we hypothesized that the regulatory role of DSS in neurobiology exhibits therapeutic effects on hippocampal damage and memory impairment. To validate this hypothesis, we established rat models of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) by the permanent occlusion of the common carotid arteries using the two-vessel occlusion method. Three weeks after modeling, rat models were intragastrically administered 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg DSS, once a day, for 5 successive weeks. The Morris water maze test was performed to investigate CCH-induced learning and memory deficits. TUNEL assay was used to analyze apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1, CA3 regions and dentate gyrus. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe the morphology of neurons in the hippocampal CA1, CA3 regions and dentate gyrus. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the phosphorylation of PKA, ERK1/2 and CREB in the hippocampal PKA/ERK1/2/CREB signaling pathway. Results showed that DSS treatment greatly improved the learning and memory deficits of rats with CCH, reduced apoptosis of neurons in the hippocampal CA1, CA3 regions and dentate gyrus, and increased the phosphorylation of PKA, ERK1/2, and CREB in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that DSS protects against CCH-induced memory impairment and hippocampal damage possibly through activating the PKA/ERK1/2/CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Rui-Zhen Liu
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Huang
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China
| | | | - Zong-Liang Liu
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hai Xiao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China
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85
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Sunkaria A, Yadav A, Bhardwaj S, Sandhir R. Postnatal Proteasome Inhibition Promotes Amyloid-β Aggregation in Hippocampus and Impairs Spatial Learning in Adult Mice. Neuroscience 2017; 367:47-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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86
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Schmidt-Hieber C, Nolan MF. Synaptic integrative mechanisms for spatial cognition. Nat Neurosci 2017; 20:1483-1492. [PMID: 29073648 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic integrative mechanisms have profound effects on electrical signaling in the brain that, although largely hidden from recording methods that observe the spiking activity of neurons, may be critical for the encoding, storage and retrieval of information. Here we review roles for synaptic integrative mechanisms in the selection, generation and plasticity of place and grid fields, and in related temporal codes for the representation of space. We outline outstanding questions and challenges in the testing of hypothesized models for spatial computation and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew F Nolan
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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87
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Time-dependent role of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus on cognitive improvement by aripiprazole in olfactory bulbectomized mice. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 27:1000-1010. [PMID: 28822602 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) modulates cognitive functions in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) in mice induces cognitive dysfunctions. Recently, we reported that aripiprazole (ARI) normalizes the behavioral hyper-responsivity to DA agonists in OBX mice. However, it remains unclear whether ARI affects OBX-induced cognitive dysfunctions. To address this question we evaluated ARI-treated and untreated OBX mice in a passive avoidance test. Then, we investigated the effects of ARI on cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus by immunohistochemistry, and on c-fos levels in the PFC and hippocampus, as well as nerve growth factor (NGF) levels in the hippocampus by western blotting. On the 14th day after surgery OBX mice showed an alteration in passive avoidance and decreases in both cell proliferation and levels of p-ERK, p-CREB and NGF in the hippocampus. The cognitive dysfunctions in OBX mice improved 30min to 24h after the administration of ARI (0.01mg/kg). C-fos levels in the PFC but not in the hippocampus was increased 30min after the administration (early response). This early response was inhibited by the selective D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390. Cell proliferation and NGF levels in the hippocampus increased 24h after ARI administration (late response), and these effects were also inhibited by SCH23390. The MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 prevented ARI from improving the behavioral impairment as well as enhancing NGF levels in OBX mice. These findings revealed the potential of ARI to improve cognitive dysfunctions via D1 receptors with the PFC and hippocampus being affected sequentially.
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88
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Okuno H, Minatohara K, Bito H. Inverse synaptic tagging: An inactive synapse-specific mechanism to capture activity-induced Arc/arg3.1 and to locally regulate spatial distribution of synaptic weights. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 77:43-50. [PMID: 28939038 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are fundamental cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory. The synaptic tagging and capture (STC) hypothesis has provided a theoretical framework on how products of activity-dependent genes may interact with potentiated synapses to facilitate and maintain such long-lasting synaptic plasticity. Although Arc/arg3.1 was initially assumed to participate in STC processes during LTP, accumulating evidence indicated that Arc/arg3.1 might rather contribute in weakening of synaptic weights than in their strengthening. In particular, analyses of Arc/Arg3.1 protein dynamics and function in the dendrites after plasticity-inducing stimuli have revealed a new type of inactivity-dependent redistribution of synaptic weights, termed "inverse synaptic tagging". The original synaptic tagging and inverse synaptic tagging likely co-exist and are mutually non-exclusive mechanisms, which together may help orchestrate the redistribution of synaptic weights and promote the enhancement and maintenance of their contrast between potentiated and non-potentiated synapses during the late phase of long-term synaptic plasticity. In this review, we describe the inverse synaptic tagging mechanism that controls synaptic dynamics of Arc/Arg3.1, an immediate early gene product which is captured and preferentially targeted to non-potentiated synapses, and discuss its impact on neuronal circuit refinement and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Okuno
- SK Project, Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Keiichiro Minatohara
- SK Project, Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Bito
- Department of Neurochemistry, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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89
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Wang X, Marks CR, Perfitt TL, Nakagawa T, Lee A, Jacobson DA, Colbran RJ. A novel mechanism for Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II targeting to L-type Ca 2+ channels that initiates long-range signaling to the nucleus. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:17324-17336. [PMID: 28916724 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.788331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal excitation can induce new mRNA transcription, a phenomenon called excitation-transcription (E-T) coupling. Among several pathways implicated in E-T coupling, activation of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) in the plasma membrane can initiate a signaling pathway that ultimately increases nuclear CREB phosphorylation and, in most cases, expression of immediate early genes. Initiation of this long-range pathway has been shown to require recruitment of Ca2+-sensitive enzymes to a nanodomain in the immediate vicinity of the LTCC by an unknown mechanism. Here, we show that activated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) strongly interacts with a novel binding motif in the N-terminal domain of CaV1 LTCC α1 subunits that is not conserved in CaV2 or CaV3 voltage-gated Ca2+ channel subunits. Mutations in the CaV1.3 α1 subunit N-terminal domain or in the CaMKII catalytic domain that largely prevent the in vitro interaction also disrupt CaMKII association with intact LTCC complexes isolated by immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, these same mutations interfere with E-T coupling in cultured hippocampal neurons. Taken together, our findings define a novel molecular interaction with the neuronal LTCC that is required for the initiation of a long-range signal to the nucleus that is critical for learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Terunaga Nakagawa
- From the Vanderbilt Brain Institute.,the Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and
| | - Amy Lee
- the Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Otolaryngology Head-Neck Surgery, and Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | | | - Roger J Colbran
- From the Vanderbilt Brain Institute, .,the Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and.,the Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0615 and
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90
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Asmara H, Micu I, Rizwan AP, Sahu G, Simms BA, Zhang FX, Engbers JDT, Stys PK, Zamponi GW, Turner RW. A T-type channel-calmodulin complex triggers αCaMKII activation. Mol Brain 2017; 10:37. [PMID: 28800734 PMCID: PMC5553682 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-017-0317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is an important signaling molecule that regulates a vast array of cellular functions by activating second messengers involved in cell function and plasticity. Low voltage-activated calcium channels of the Cav3 family have the important role of mediating low threshold calcium influx, but were not believed to interact with CaM. We find a constitutive association between CaM and the Cav3.1 channel at rest that is lost through an activity-dependent and Cav3.1 calcium-dependent CaM dissociation. Moreover, Cav3 calcium influx is sufficient to activate αCaMKII in the cytoplasm in a manner that depends on an intact Cav3.1 C-terminus needed to support the CaM interaction. Our findings thus establish that T-type channel calcium influx invokes a novel dynamic interaction between CaM and Cav3.1 channels to trigger a signaling cascade that leads to αCaMKII activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadhimulya Asmara
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ileana Micu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Arsalan P Rizwan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Giriraj Sahu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Brett A Simms
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Fang-Xiong Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jordan D T Engbers
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Peter K Stys
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ray W Turner
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada. .,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada. .,HRIC 1AA14, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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91
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Uchida S, Shumyatsky GP. Synaptically Localized Transcriptional Regulators in Memory Formation. Neuroscience 2017; 370:4-13. [PMID: 28733211 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
At the neuronal cell level, long-term memory formation emerges from interactions between initial activity-dependent molecular changes at the synapse and subsequent regulation of gene transcription in the nucleus. This in turn leads to strengthening of the connections back at the synapse that received the initial signal. However, the mechanisms through which this synapse-to-nucleus molecular exchange occurs remain poorly understood. Here we discuss recent studies that delineate nucleocytoplasmic transport of a special class of synaptically localized transcriptional regulators that upon receiving initial external signal by the synapse move to the nucleus to modulate gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusaku Uchida
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Gleb P Shumyatsky
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, 145 Bevier Rd., Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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92
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Gandolfi D, Cerri S, Mapelli J, Polimeni M, Tritto S, Fuzzati-Armentero MT, Bigiani A, Blandini F, Mapelli L, D'Angelo E. Activation of the CREB/ c-Fos Pathway during Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity in the Cerebellum Granular Layer. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:184. [PMID: 28701927 PMCID: PMC5487453 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of long-term potentiation and depression (LTP and LTD) is thought to trigger gene expression and protein synthesis, leading to consolidation of synaptic and neuronal changes. However, while LTP and LTD have been proposed to play important roles for sensori-motor learning in the cerebellum granular layer, their association with these mechanisms remained unclear. Here, we have investigated phosphorylation of the cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) and activation of the immediate early gene c-Fos pathway following the induction of synaptic plasticity by theta-burst stimulation (TBS) in acute cerebellar slices. LTP and LTD were localized using voltage-sensitive dye imaging (VSDi). At two time points following TBS (15 min and 120 min), corresponding to the early and late phases of plasticity, slices were fixed and processed to evaluate CREB phosphorylation (P-CREB) and c-FOS protein levels, as well as Creb and c-Fos mRNA expression. High levels of P-CREB and Creb/c-Fos were detected before those of c-FOS, as expected if CREB phosphorylation triggered gene expression followed by protein synthesis. No differences between control slices and slices stimulated with TBS were observed in the presence of an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist. Interestingly, activation of the CREB/c-Fos system showed a relevant degree of colocalization with long-term synaptic plasticity. These results show that NMDAR-dependent plasticity at the cerebellum input stage bears about transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes potentially contributing to cerebellar learning and memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gandolfi
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of PaviaPavia, Italy.,Brain Connectivity Center, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale Casimiro Mondino (IRCCS)Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Cerri
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, Center for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale Casimiro Mondino (IRCCS)Pavia, Italy
| | - Jonathan Mapelli
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of PaviaPavia, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModena, Italy
| | - Mariarosa Polimeni
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Human Anatomy Unit, University of PaviaPavia Italy
| | - Simona Tritto
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of PaviaPavia, Italy
| | - Marie-Therese Fuzzati-Armentero
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, Center for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale Casimiro Mondino (IRCCS)Pavia, Italy
| | - Albertino Bigiani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModena, Italy
| | - Fabio Blandini
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, Center for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale Casimiro Mondino (IRCCS)Pavia, Italy
| | - Lisa Mapelli
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of PaviaPavia, Italy.,Museo Storico Della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico FermiRome, Italy
| | - Egidio D'Angelo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of PaviaPavia, Italy.,Brain Connectivity Center, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale Casimiro Mondino (IRCCS)Pavia, Italy
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93
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Pym E, Sasidharan N, Thompson-Peer KL, Simon DJ, Anselmo A, Sadreyev R, Hall Q, Nurrish S, Kaplan JM. Shank is a dose-dependent regulator of Ca v1 calcium current and CREB target expression. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28477407 PMCID: PMC5432211 DOI: 10.7554/elife.18931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Shank is a post-synaptic scaffolding protein that has many binding partners. Shank mutations and copy number variations (CNVs) are linked to several psychiatric disorders, and to synaptic and behavioral defects in mice. It is not known which Shank binding partners are responsible for these defects. Here we show that the C. elegans SHN-1/Shank binds L-type calcium channels and that increased and decreased shn-1 gene dosage alter L-channel current and activity-induced expression of a CRH-1/CREB transcriptional target (gem-4 Copine), which parallels the effects of human Shank copy number variations (CNVs) on Autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. These results suggest that an important function of Shank proteins is to regulate L-channel current and activity induced gene expression. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.18931.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Pym
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Nikhil Sasidharan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Katherine L Thompson-Peer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - David J Simon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Anthony Anselmo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Ruslan Sadreyev
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Qi Hall
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Stephen Nurrish
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Joshua M Kaplan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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94
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STIM1 Ca 2+ Sensor Control of L-type Ca 2+-Channel-Dependent Dendritic Spine Structural Plasticity and Nuclear Signaling. Cell Rep 2017; 19:321-334. [PMID: 28402855 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Potentiation of synaptic strength relies on postsynaptic Ca2+ signals, modification of dendritic spine structure, and changes in gene expression. One Ca2+ signaling pathway supporting these processes routes through L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCC), whose activity is subject to tuning by multiple mechanisms. Here, we show in hippocampal neurons that LTCC inhibition by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ sensor, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), is engaged by the neurotransmitter glutamate, resulting in regulation of spine ER structure and nuclear signaling by the NFATc3 transcription factor. In this mechanism, depolarization by glutamate activates LTCC Ca2+ influx, releases Ca2+ from the ER, and consequently drives STIM1 aggregation and an inhibitory interaction with LTCCs that increases spine ER content but decreases NFATc3 nuclear translocation. These findings of negative feedback control of LTCC signaling by STIM1 reveal interplay between Ca2+ influx and release from stores that controls both postsynaptic structural plasticity and downstream nuclear signaling.
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95
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Lu F, Zheng Y, Donkor PO, Zou P, Mu P. Downregulation of CREB Promotes Cell Proliferation by Mediating G1/S Phase Transition in Hodgkin Lymphoma. Oncol Res 2017; 24:171-9. [PMID: 27458098 PMCID: PMC7838744 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14634208142987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic-AMP response element-binding protein (CREB), a well-known nuclear transcription factor, has been shown to play an essential role in many cellular processes, including differentiation, cell survival, and cell proliferation, by regulating the expression of downstream genes. Recently, increased expression of CREB was frequently found in various tumors, indicating that CREB is implicated in the process of tumorigenesis. However, the effects of CREB on Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) remain unknown. To clarify the role of CREB in HL, we performed knockdown experiments in HL. We found that downregulation of CREB by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) resulted in enhancement of cell proliferation and promotion of G1/S phase transition, and these effects can be rescued by expression of shRNA-resistant CREB. Meanwhile, the expression level of cell cycle-related proteins, such as cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and CDK4, was elevated in response to depletion of CREB. Furthermore, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and confirmed that CREB directly bound to the promoter regions of these genes, which consequently contributed to the regulation of cell cycle. Consistent with our results, a clinical database showed that high expression of CREB correlates with favorable prognosis in B-cell lymphoma patients, which is totally different from the function of CREB in other cancers such as colorectal cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and some endocrine cancers. Taken together, all of these features of CREB in HL strongly support its role as a tumor suppressor gene that can decelerate cell proliferation by inhibiting the expression of several cell cycle-related genes. Our results provide new evidence for prognosis prediction of HL and a promising therapeutic strategy for HL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjin Lu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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96
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Eraso-Pichot A, Larramona-Arcas R, Vicario-Orri E, Villalonga R, Pardo L, Galea E, Masgrau R. CREB decreases astrocytic excitability by modifying subcellular calcium fluxes via the sigma-1 receptor. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:937-950. [PMID: 27761593 PMCID: PMC11107612 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytic excitability relies on cytosolic calcium increases as a key mechanism, whereby astrocytes contribute to synaptic transmission and hence learning and memory. While it is a cornerstone of neurosciences that experiences are remembered, because transmitters activate gene expression in neurons, long-term adaptive astrocyte plasticity has not been described. Here, we investigated whether the transcription factor CREB mediates adaptive plasticity-like phenomena in astrocytes. We found that activation of CREB-dependent transcription reduced the calcium responses induced by ATP, noradrenaline, or endothelin-1. As to the mechanism, expression of VP16-CREB, a constitutively active CREB mutant, had no effect on basal cytosolic calcium levels, extracellular calcium entry, or calcium mobilization from lysosomal-related acidic stores. Rather, VP16-CREB upregulated sigma-1 receptor expression thereby increasing the release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum and its uptake by mitochondria. Sigma-1 receptor was also upregulated in vivo upon VP16-CREB expression in astrocytes. We conclude that CREB decreases astrocyte responsiveness by increasing calcium signalling at the endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria interface, which might be an astrocyte-based form of long-term depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Eraso-Pichot
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Edifici M, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - R Larramona-Arcas
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Edifici M, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - E Vicario-Orri
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Edifici M, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - R Villalonga
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Edifici M, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - L Pardo
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Edifici M, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - E Galea
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Edifici M, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institució Catalana De Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - R Masgrau
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Edifici M, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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97
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Chen PB, Kawaguchi R, Blum C, Achiro JM, Coppola G, O'Dell TJ, Martin KC. Mapping Gene Expression in Excitatory Neurons during Hippocampal Late-Phase Long-Term Potentiation. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:39. [PMID: 28275336 PMCID: PMC5319997 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistence of long-lasting changes in synaptic connectivity that underlie long-term memory require new RNA and protein synthesis. To elucidate the temporal pattern of gene expression that gives rise to long-lasting neuronal plasticity, we analyzed differentially-expressed (DE) RNAs in mouse hippocampal slices following induction of late phase long-term potentiation (L-LTP) specifically within pyramidal excitatory neurons using Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification RNA sequencing (TRAP-seq). We detected time-dependent changes in up- and down-regulated ribosome-associated mRNAs over 2 h following L-LTP induction, with minimal overlap of DE transcripts between time points. TRAP-seq revealed greater numbers of DE transcripts and magnitudes of LTP-induced changes than RNA-seq of all cell types in the hippocampus. Neuron-enriched transcripts had greater changes at the ribosome-loading level than the total RNA level, while RNA-seq identified many non-neuronal DE mRNAs. Our results highlight the importance of considering both time course and cell-type specificity in activity-dependent gene expression during memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B Chen
- Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles Blum
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer M Achiro
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas J O'Dell
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kelsey C Martin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA
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98
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Venkatesh H, Monje M. Neuronal Activity in Ontogeny and Oncology. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:89-112. [PMID: 28718448 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The nervous system plays a central role in regulating the stem cell niche in many organs, and thereby pivotally modulates development, homeostasis, and plasticity. A similarly powerful role for neural regulation of the cancer microenvironment is emerging. Neurons promote the growth of cancers of the brain, skin, prostate, pancreas, and stomach. Parallel mechanisms shared in development and cancer suggest that neural modulation of the tumor microenvironment may prove a universal theme, although the mechanistic details of such modulation remain to be discovered for many malignancies. We review here what is known about the influences of active neurons on stem cell and cancer microenvironments across a broad range of tissues, and we discuss emerging principles of neural regulation of development and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humsa Venkatesh
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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99
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Schaukowitch K, Reese AL, Kim SK, Kilaru G, Joo JY, Kavalali ET, Kim TK. An Intrinsic Transcriptional Program Underlying Synaptic Scaling during Activity Suppression. Cell Rep 2017; 18:1512-1526. [PMID: 28178527 PMCID: PMC5524384 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostatic scaling allows neurons to maintain stable activity patterns by globally altering their synaptic strength in response to changing activity levels. Suppression of activity by the blocking of action potentials increases synaptic strength through an upregulation of surface α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. Although this synaptic upscaling was shown to require transcription, the molecular nature of the intrinsic transcription program underlying this process and its functional significance have been unclear. Using RNA-seq, we identified 73 genes that were specifically upregulated in response to activity suppression. In particular, Neuronal pentraxin-1 (Nptx1) increased within 6 hr of activity blockade, and knockdown of this gene blocked the increase in synaptic strength. Nptx1 induction is mediated by calcium influx through the T-type voltage-gated calcium channel, as well as two transcription factors, SRF and ELK1. Altogether, these results uncover a transcriptional program that specifically operates when neuronal activity is suppressed to globally coordinate the increase in synaptic strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Schaukowitch
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA
| | - Austin L Reese
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA
| | - Seung-Kyoon Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA
| | - Gokhul Kilaru
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA
| | - Jae-Yeol Joo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA
| | - Ege T Kavalali
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA
| | - Tae-Kyung Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA.
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100
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Activity-dependent synapse to nucleus signaling. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 138:78-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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