51
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Lee GH, Choi KC. Adverse effects of pesticides on the functions of immune system. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 235:108789. [PMID: 32376494 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are chemical substances used to kill unwanted fungi, weeds and insects. In many countries, there is currently concern regarding the adverse effects of pesticides on health. It has been reported that pesticides may cause cancer, respiratory diseases, organ diseases, system failures, nervous system disorders and asthma, which are closely connected with immune disorders. Therefore, this study reviewed the immunotoxicity of pesticides that are currently used or prohibited from being used, especially their effects on leukocytes such as T cells, B cells, NK cells and macrophages. These immune cells play crucial roles in innate and adaptive immune systems to protect hosts. Pesticides are known to have possible toxicological modes of action to induce oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in living organisms. According to previous studies, pesticides such as atrazine (ATR), organophophorus (OP) compounds, carbamates, and pyrethroids were shown to inhibit the survival and growth of leukocytes by inducing apoptosis or cell cycle arrest and interfering with the specific immunological functions of each type of immune cells. These results suggest the immunotoxicity of pesticides toward specific immune cells. To substantiate the overall immunocompromised effects of pesticides, there is a need to collect and thoroughly analyze additional information regarding other immunological toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun-Hwi Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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52
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Chen Y, Lu Y, Nie E, Akhtar K, Zhang S, Ye Q, Wang H. Uptake, translocation and accumulation of the fungicide benzene kresoxim-methyl in Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica campastris var. parachinensis) and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114815. [PMID: 32559858 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzene kresoxim-methyl (BKM) is an important methoxyacrylate-based strobilurin fungicide widely used against various phytopathogenic fungi in crops. Uptake, translocation and accumulation of BKM in vegetables remain unknown. This study was designed to investigate uptake, translocation, and accumulation of 14C-BKM and/or its potential metabolites in Chinese flowering cabbage and water spinach. 14C-BKM can be gradually taken up to reach a maximum of 44.4% of the applied amount by Chinese flowering cabbage and 34.6% by water spinach at 32 d after application. The 14CO2 fractions released from the hydroponic plant system reached 37.8% for cabbage and 45.8% for water spinach, respectively. Concentrations of 14C in leaves, stems and roots all gradually increased as vegetables growing, with relative 44.9% (cabbage) and 26.8% (water spinach) of translocated from roots to edible leaves. In addition, 14C in leaves was mainly accumulated in the bottom leaves, which was visualized by quantitative radioautographic imaging. The bioconcentration factor of 14C ranged from 7.1 to 38.2 mL g-1 for the cabbage and from 8.6 to 24.6 mL g-1 for the water spinach. The translocation factor of BKM ranged from 0.10 to 2.04 for the cabbage and 0.10-0.46 for the water spinach throughout the whole cultivation period, indicating that the cabbage is easier to translocate BKM from roots to leaves and stems than water spinach. In addition, the daily human exposure values of BKM in both vegetables were much lower than the limited dose of 0.15 mg day-1. The results help assess potential accumulation of BMK in vegetables and potential risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuhui Lu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Enguang Nie
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kashif Akhtar
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sufen Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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53
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Chai L, Ji S, Zhang S, Yu H, Zhao M, Ji L. Biotransformation Mechanism of Pesticides by Cytochrome P450: A DFT Study on Dieldrin. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1442-1448. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chai
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shujing Ji
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shubin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Haiying Yu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Avenue 688, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Li Ji
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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54
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Qi L, Liu S, Xiao L. Regio- and stereoselective thiocyanatothiolation of alkynes and alkenes by using NH4SCN and N-thiosuccinimides. RSC Adv 2020; 10:33450-33454. [PMID: 35515071 PMCID: PMC9056709 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06913b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly regioselective thiocyanatothiolation of alkynes and alkenes assisted by hydrogen bonding under simple and mild conditions is developed. Our thiocyanatothiolation reagents are readily available ammonium thiocyanate and N-thiosuccinimides. This metal-free system offers good chemical yields for a wide range of alkyne and alkene substrates with good functional group tolerance. A highly regioselective thiocyanatothiolation of alkynes assisted by hydrogen bonding under simple and mild conditions is developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qi
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Shiwen Liu
- College of Textiles and Clothing
- Yancheng Institute of Technology
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Linxia Xiao
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine
- Yancheng
- China
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55
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Liu S, Zeng X, Xu B. Practical fluorothiolation and difluorothiolation of alkenes using pyridine-HF and N-thiosuccinimides. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01228a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluorothiolation and difluorothiolation of alkenes using pyridine-HF and N-thiosuccinimides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Liu
- College of Textiles and Clothing
- Yancheng Institute of Technology
- Yancheng
- China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
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56
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Suraphan N, Fan L, Liu B, Wu D. Co-delivery of chlorantraniliprole and avermectin with a polylactide microcapsule formulation. RSC Adv 2020; 10:25418-25425. [PMID: 35518616 PMCID: PMC9055352 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03825c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving drug utilization of water-based pesticide formulations is facile and feasible to efficiently avoid serious pesticide residues and reduce the resulting environmental pollution. A co-delivery system of two- or multi-pesticides within one formulation could enhance drug efficiency and decrease usage amounts of pesticides due to the synergistic effect of the loaded multiple pesticides. Herein, we reported a porous polylactide (PLA) microcapsule formulation for co-delivery of avermectin (Av) and chlorantraniliprole (CAP). A double emulsion method combined with premix membrane emulsion (PME) was adopted to produce the Av/CAP-loaded porous microcapsules (Av/CAP P-MCs) with prolonged drug release, high loading content and entrapment efficiency, as well as good light and thermal stability. Compared with single Av- or CAP-loaded microcapsule formulations, the Av/CAP P-MCs exhibited higher biotoxicity against Plutella xylostella. These results reveal that the Av/CAP co-delivery system may be a promising candidate to be further explored as a facile, effective and environmentally-friendly pesticide formulation. We constructed a porous PLA-microcapsule-based co-delivery system of chlorantraniliprole and avermectin using a double emulsion method combined with premix membrane emulsion.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuntanit Suraphan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Linfeng Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Baoxia Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Decheng Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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57
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Xie Y, Jiang H, Chang J, Wang Y, Li J, Wang H. Gonadal disruption after single dose exposure of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio in male lizards (Eremias argus). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113297. [PMID: 31610514 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) is a widely used triazole fungicide with low toxicity, and its desulfurization metabolite, prothioconazole-desthio (PTC-d), is reported to have higher reproductive toxicity to mammals. However, little is known about the reproductive toxicity, much less endocrine disrupting effect, of these two chemicals on reptiles. In this study, we investigated the effects of single dose of PTC/PTC-d (100 mg kg-1 body weight) exposure on the pathomorphism of testes and epididymides, serum sex steroid hormones (testosterone and 17β-estradiol) and transcription of steroidogenic-related genes (STARD, cyp11A, cyp17, cyp19A, 17β-HSD, 3β-HSD, AR and ER-α) in gonads of male lizards (Eremias argus). Although structural disorder existed in PTC-d exposure group, severe gonadal disruption, especially suppression of spermatogenesis was only observed in testis after PTC treatment, which consequently led to the lack of spermatozoa in epididymal ducts. Consistent with this result, T/E2 value in PTC exposure was elevated to a significant higher level compared with control and continually increased over time, while T/E2 value in the PTC-d exposure group slightly increased only at 12 h. These results demonstrated a more serious disruption of PTC on male lizard gonads than PTC-d. In addition, the expression of cyp17 gene was inhibited at 6 h, however, was induced at 12 h, and exhibited negative correlations with STARD, cyp11A and 3β-HSD after PTC exposure at each timepoint. In PTC-d group, the expression of STARD and 3β-HSD were significantly down-regulated, in contrast, cyp11A and cyp17 were up-regulated, and each gene showed consistent changes over time. For 17β-HSD, no significance was observed in both treated groups. This study was the first to compare the gonadal disruption of PTC and PTC-d in male lizards and elucidated that these two chemicals influenced the physiological function of male gonads through differential transcriptional modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xie
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan RD 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haotian Jiang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan RD 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yinghuan Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Huili Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China.
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58
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Tian S, Teng M, Meng Z, Yan S, Jia M, Li R, Liu L, Yan J, Zhou Z, Zhu W. Toxicity effects in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) induced by prothioconazole. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113269. [PMID: 31574395 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Triazole fungicides are widely used in agriculture production and have adverse impacts on aquatic organisms. As one of the triazole fungicides, prothioconazole has been reported to cause many toxicological effects, but its risks to aquatic organisms are unknown. In this study, we systematically explored the toxicity effects of prothioconazole exposure on zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) involving in developmental toxicity, oxidative damage and metabolism disorders. The results showed that prothioconazole exposure to zebrafish embryos produced a series of toxic symptoms, including hatching inhibition, shortening of body length, pericardial cyst and yolk cyst. In addition, prothioconazole exposure caused significant lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage. Particularly, we also found that metabolites and genes involved in lipid metabolism also showed significant changes. This study may provide theoretical basis for systematically assessing the potential risks of zebrafish embryos with prothioconazole exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinuo Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruisheng Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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59
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Ding F, Li LX, Peng W, Peng YK, Liu BQ. Molecular basis for the resistance of American sloughgrass to aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid pesticides and its environmental relevance: A combined experimental and computational study. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:1030-1040. [PMID: 31561292 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic pesticides are one of the main environmental pollutants, and how to reduce their environmental risks is an important issue. In this contribution, we disclose the molecular basis for the resistance of American sloughgrass to aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid pesticides using site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modeling and then construct an effective screening model. The results indicated that the target-site mutation (Trp-1999-Leu) in acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) can affect the effectiveness of the pesticides (clodinafop, fenoxaprop, cyhalofop, and metamifop), and the plant resistance to fenoxaprop, clodinafop, cyhalofop, and metamifop was found to be 564, 19.5, 10, and 0.19 times, respectively. The established computational models (i.e. wild-type/mutant ACCase models) could be used for rational screening and evaluation of the resistance to pesticides. The resistance induced by target gene mutation can markedly reduce the bioreactivity of the ACCase-clodinafop/fenoxaprop adducts, and the magnitudes are 10 and 102, respectively. Such event will seriously aggravate environmental pollution. However, the biological issue has no distinct effect on cyhalofop (RI=10), and meanwhile it may markedly increase the bioefficacy of metamifop (RI=0.19). We could selectively adopt the two chemicals so as to decrease the residual pesticides in the environment. Significantly, research findings from the computational screening models were found to be negatively correlated with the resistance level derived from the bioassay testing, suggesting that the screening models can be used to guide the usage of pesticides. Obviously, this story may shed novel insight on the reduction of environmental risks of pesticides and other organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710064, China
| | - Ling-Xu Li
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China; Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yu-Kui Peng
- Center for Food Quality Supervision, Inspection & Testing, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Bing-Qi Liu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
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60
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Zhang Z, Gao B, He Z, Li L, Zhang Q, Kaziem AE, Wang M. Stereoselective bioactivity of the chiral triazole fungicide prothioconazole and its metabolite. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 160:112-118. [PMID: 31519245 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chiral triazole fungicides have played a significant role in plant pathogen control. Although their enantiomers often exhibit different bioactivity, the mechanism of the stereoselectivity has not been well studied. The stereoselective bioactivity and mechanisms of prothioconazole and its chiral metabolite against plant pathogenic fungi were investigated. The results indicated that the metabolite exerted more fungicidal activities than the activities of the parent compound. R-Prothioconazole and R-prothioconazole-desthio were 6-262 and 19-954 times more potent against pathogenic fungi than the S-enantiomers, respectively. The R-enantiomers were more effective than in inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol and deoxynivalenol the S-enantiomer. Homology modeling and molecular docking suggested that the R-enantiomers of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio possessed better binding modes than S-enantiomers to CYP51B. Moreover, exposure to prothioconazole and its metabolite enantiomers significantly changed the transcription levels of the CYP51 (CYP 51A, CYP51B, CYP 51C) and Tri (Tri5, Tri6, Tri12) genes. The results showed that application of the R-prothioconazole could require a smaller application amount to eliminate the carcinogenic mycotoxins and any environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxian Zhang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Beibei Gao
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zongzhe He
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lianshan Li
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Amir E Kaziem
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Environmental Agricultural Science, Institute of Environmental Studies and Research, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Minghua Wang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
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61
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Lee GH, Hwang KA, Choi KC. Effects of Fludioxonil on the Cell Growth and Apoptosis in T and B Lymphocytes. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090500. [PMID: 31540454 PMCID: PMC6770511 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fludioxonil is fungicide used in agriculture, which is present in fruits and vegetables. In this study, the effects of fludioxonil on human immune cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and mitochondrial membrane potential were examined in human immune cells, such as Jurkat T cells and Ramos B cells. To examine the cell viability, Jurkat T cells and Ramos B cells were treated with fludioxonil (10−9–10−5 M) for 24 h and 48 h. Water soluble tetrazolium salt assay showed that fludioxonil decreased Jurkat T cell and Ramos B cell viability. Jurkat T cell viability decreased at 24 and 48 h, but Ramos B cell viability decreased only at 48 h. JC-1 dye revealed decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in fludioxonil-treated Jurkat T cells and Ramos B cells. To evaluate apoptosis, annexin-V conjugated FITC, AF488, and propidium iodide (PI) were used and to evaluate cell cycle arrest PI was used. Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were induced by fludioxonil (10−7–10−5 M) in the Jurkat T cells at 24 and 48 h and Ramos B cells at 48 h. Moreover, the protein levels of pro-apoptotic proteins, such as p53, BAX, and cleaved caspase 3, were increased and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was decreased by fludioxonil. Expression of the Fas receptor related to the extrinsic apoptosis pathway was increased by fludioxonil. Additionally, cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 were decreased by fludioxonil. In the present study, fludioxonil induced immunotoxicity in human T cells and B cells through apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Therefore, the present study suggests that fludioxonil induces the cellular toxicity in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun-Hwi Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
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62
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Jiang D, Dong F, Xu J, Liu X, Wu X, Pan X, Tao Y, Li R, Zheng Y. Enantioselective Separation and Dissipation of Prothioconazole and Its Major Metabolite Prothioconazole-desthio Enantiomers in Tomato, Cucumber, and Pepper. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10256-10264. [PMID: 31433628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a simple and effective chiral analytical method was developed to monitor prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio at the enantiomeric level using supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The baseline enantioseparation for prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio was achieved within 2 min on a Chiralcel OD-3 column with CO2/0.2% acetic acid-5 mmol/L ammonium acetate 2-propanol (85:15, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min and column temperature of 25 °C. The limit of quantitation for each enantiomer was 5 μg/kg, with a baseline resolution of >3.0. The results of enantioselective dissipation showed that R-(-)-prothioconazole was preferentially degraded in tomato, cucumber, and pepper under greenhouse conditions. S-(-)-prothioconazole-desthio was preferentially degraded in tomato and cucumber; however, R-(+)-prothioconazole-desthio was preferentially degraded in pepper. Results of this study may help to facilitate more accurate risk assessment of prothioconazole and its major metabolite in agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoduo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , P. R. China
| | - Fengshou Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , P. R. China
| | - Xingang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , P. R. China
| | - Xinglu Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , P. R. China
| | - Yan Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , P. R. China
| | - Runan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , P. R. China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , P. R. China
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Lu T, Zhang Q, Lavoie M, Zhu Y, Ye Y, Yang J, Paerl HW, Qian H, Zhu YG. The fungicide azoxystrobin promotes freshwater cyanobacterial dominance through altering competition. MICROBIOME 2019; 7:128. [PMID: 31484554 PMCID: PMC6727577 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sharp increases in food production worldwide are attributable to agricultural intensification aided by heavy use of agrochemicals. This massive use of pesticides and fertilizers in combination with global climate change has led to collateral damage in freshwater systems, notably an increase in the frequency of harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs). The precise mechanisms and magnitude of effects that pesticides exert on HCBs formation and proliferation have received little research attention and are poorly constrained. RESULTS We found that azoxystrobin (AZ), a common strobilurin fungicide, can favor cyanobacterial growth through growth inhibition of eukaryotic competitors (Chlorophyta) and possibly by inhibiting cyanobacterial parasites (fungi) as well as pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Meta-transcriptomic analyses identified AZ-responsive genes and biochemical pathways in eukaryotic plankton and bacteria, potentially explaining the microbial effects of AZ. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides novel mechanistic insights into the intertwined effects of a fungicide and eutrophication on microbial planktonic communities and cyanobacterial blooms in a eutrophic freshwater ecosystem. This knowledge may prove useful in mitigating cyanobacteria blooms resulting from agricultural intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Michel Lavoie
- Quebec-Ocean and Takuvik Joint International Research Unit, Université Laval, G1VOA6, Québec, Canada
| | - Youchao Zhu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yizhi Ye
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hans W. Paerl
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Ecoenvironmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085 People’s Republic of China
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64
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Rodríguez-Ortega PG, Casas R, Marchal-Ingrain A, Gilbert-López B. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Ubiquitous Transformation Product (BTS 40348) of Fungicide Prochloraz. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8641-8648. [PMID: 31322878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Prochloraz is a widely used imidazole fungicide that has to be analyzed together with its metabolites or transformation products for food safety monitoring purposes in the European Union. Although the focus in food of plant origin has been set on metabolites BTS 44595 and BTS 44596, we consider relevant the study of BTS 40348 metabolite, too, because it has been detected in both raw and processed foods based on citrus fruits in the EU. Metabolite BTS 40348 should be monitored in surface water due to its ecotoxicological effects. In this work, the synthesis and structural characterization of BTS 40348 metabolite of fungicide prochloraz is presented, because the structure is closely related to the chemistry and biological activity of the substance. Characterization using 13C and 1H NMR, infrared (IR), and Raman spectroscopy is detailed, together with confirmation by electrospray mass spectrometry analysis.
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65
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Wang M, Zhao J, Jiang X. Aryl Methyl Sulfone Construction from Eco-Friendly Inorganic Sulfur Dioxide and Methyl Reagents. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3064-3068. [PMID: 30680940 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201802919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A three-component cross-coupling protocol of boronic acid, sodium metabisulfite, and dimethyl carbonate was developed for the construction of significant functional methyl sulfones, in which introduction of sulfur dioxide at the last stage was successfully achieved in one step. Inorganic sodium metabisulfite was used as an eco-friendly sulfur dioxide source. Green dimethyl carbonate was employed as methyl reagent in this transformation. Diverse functional methyl sulfones were obtained from various readily available boronic acids. Notably, the last-stage modification of pharmaceuticals and the synthesis of Firocoxib were efficiently established through this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P.R. China
| | - Jiaoyan Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
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66
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Reaction kinetics of mesotrione removal catalyzed by TiO2 in the presence of different electron acceptors. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-019-01571-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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67
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Du B, Zhang Z, Liu W, Ye Y, Lu T, Zhou Z, Li Y, Fu Z, Qian H. Acute toxicity of the fungicide azoxystrobin on the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:72-79. [PMID: 30384169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Azoxystrobin (AZ) is an effective broad-spectrum fungicide. Due to its extensive application, AZ is detectable in aquatic ecosystems and thus influences aquatic organisms. In this study, the acute toxicity (96 h) of AZ at concentrations of 1.0 mg/L and 5.0 mg/L on the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum were examined. At the tested concentrations, AZ significantly inhibited P. tricornutum growth and destroyed its cellular structure. Furthermore, the mechanisms of AZ-induced toxicity on P. tricornutum changed as the exposure time extended. Forty-eight hours after exposure, AZ inhibited P. tricornutum growth primarily via inducing oxidative stress, which increased the activity of two main antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, and inhibited energy metabolism. However, after 96 h of treatment, the decline in the photosynthetic capacity of P. tricornutum demonstrated that the photosystem was the main AZ target. The pigment content and expression levels of genes related to photosynthetic electron transfer reactions were also significantly decreased. The present study describes AZ toxicity in P. tricornutum and is very valuable for assessing the environmental risk of AZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benben Du
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Wanyue Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China
| | - Yizhi Ye
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhigao Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhanyu Fu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
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68
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Liu H, Ding W. Enantiomeric separation of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio on chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2019; 31:219-229. [PMID: 30633388 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prothioconazole is a type of broad-spectrum triazole thione fungicide developed by the Bayer Company. Prothioconazole-desthio is the main metabolite of prothioconazole in the environment. In our study, enantiomeric separation of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio was performed on various chiral stationary phases (CSPs) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was found that polysaccharide CSPs showed better ability than brushing CSPs in enantiomeric separation. The successful chiral separation of prothioconazole could be achieved on self-made Chiralcel OD, commercialized Chiralcel OJ-H and Lux Cellulose-1. Chiralpak IA, Chiralpak IB, Chiralpak IC, Chiralcel OD, Chiralpak AY-H, Chiralpak AZ-H, and Lux Cellulose-1 realized the baseline separation of prothioconazole-desthio enantiomers. Simultaneous enantiomeric separation of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio was performed on Lux Cellulose-1 using acetonitrile (ACN) and water as mobile phase. In most cases, low temperature favored the separation of two compounds. The influence of the mobile phase ratio or type was deeply discussed. We obtained larger Rs and longer analysis time with a smaller proportion of isopropanol (IPA) or ethanol and more water content at the same temperature. The ratio of ACN and water had influences on the outflow orders of prothioconazole-desthio enantiomers. This work provides a new approach for chiral separation of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio with a discussion of chiral separation mechanism on different CSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Plant Protection, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Plant Protection, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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69
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Tetreau G, Wang P. Chitinous Structures as Potential Targets for Insect Pest Control. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1142:273-292. [PMID: 31102251 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7318-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitinous structures are physiologically fundamental in insects. They form the insect exoskeleton, play important roles in physiological systems and provide physical, chemical and biological protections in insects. As critically important structures in insects, chitinous structures are attractive target sites for the development of new insect-pest-control strategies. Chitinous structures in insects are complex and their formation and maintenance are dynamically regulated with the growth and development of insects. In the past few decades, studies on insect chitinous structures have shed lights on the physiological functions, compositions, structural formation, and regulation of the chitinous structures. Current understanding of the chitinous structures has indicated opportunities for exploring new target sites for insect control. Mechanisms to disrupt chitinous structures in insects have been studied and strategies for the potential development of new means of insect control by targeting chitinous structures have been proposed and are practically to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Tetreau
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, 14456, USA.
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70
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Lushchak VI, Matviishyn TM, Husak VV, Storey JM, Storey KB. Pesticide toxicity: a mechanistic approach. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:1101-1136. [PMID: 30564086 PMCID: PMC6295629 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are known for their high persistence and pervasiveness in the environment, and along with products of their biotransformation, they may remain in and interact with the environment and living organisms in multiple ways, according to their nature and chemical structure, dose and targets. In this review, the classifications of pesticides based on their nature, use, physical state, pathophysiological effects, and sources are discussed. The effects of these xenobiotics on the environment, their biotransformation in terms of bioaccumulation are highlighted with special focus on the molecular mechanisms deciphered to date. Basing on targeted organisms, most pesticides are classified as herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides. Herbicides are known as growth regulators, seedling growth inhibitors, photosynthesis inhibitors, inhibitors of amino acid and lipid biosynthesis, cell membrane disrupters, and pigment biosynthesis inhibitors, whereas fungicides include inhibitors of ergosterol biosynthesis, protein biosynthesis, and mitochondrial respiration. Insecticides mainly affect nerves and muscle, growth and development, and energy production. Studying the impact of pesticides and other related chemicals is of great interest to animal and human health risk assessment processes since potentially everyone can be exposed to these compounds which may cause many diseases, including metabolic syndrome, malnutrition, atherosclerosis, inflammation, pathogen invasion, nerve injury, and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Future studies should be directed to investigate influence of long term effects of low pesticide doses and to minimize or eliminate influence of pesticides on non-target living organisms, produce more specific pesticides and using modern technologies to decrease contamination of food and other goods by pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr I. Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana M. Matviishyn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Viktor V. Husak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Janet M. Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Kenneth B. Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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71
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Wang M, Qiao Z, Zhao J, Jiang X. Palladium-Catalyzed Thiomethylation via a Three-Component Cross-Coupling Strategy. Org Lett 2018; 20:6193-6197. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongjun Qiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaoyan Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
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72
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Jiang Y, Fan J, He R, Guo D, Wang T, Zhang H, Zhang W. High-fast enantioselective determination of prothioconazole in different matrices by supercritical fluid chromatography and vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopic study. Talanta 2018; 187:40-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.04.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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73
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Jia W, Mao L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Jiang H. Effects of two strobilurins (azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin) on embryonic development and enzyme activities in juveniles and adult fish livers of zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 207:573-580. [PMID: 29843034 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin are two primary strobilurin fungicides used worldwide. This study was conducted to test their effects on embryonic development and the activity of several enzyme in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). After fish eggs were separately exposed to azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin from 24 to 144 h post fertilization (hpf), the mortality, hatching, and teratogenetic rates were measured. Additionally, effects of azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin on activities of three important antioxidant enzymes [catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD)] and two primary detoxification enzymes [carboxylesterase (CarE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST)] and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in zebrafish larvae (96 h) and livers of adult zebrafish of both sexes were also assessed for potential toxicity mechanisms. Based on the embryonic development test results, the mortality, hatching, and teratogenetic rates of eggs treated with azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin all showed significant dose- and time-dependent effects, and the 144-h LC50 values of azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin were 1174.9 and 213.8 μg L-1, respectively. In the larval zebrafish (96 h) test, activities of CAT, POD, CarE, and GST and MDA content in azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin-treated zebrafish larvae increased significantly with concentrations of the pesticides compared with those in the control. We further revealed that azoxystrobin and picoxystrobin exposure both caused significant oxidative stress in adult fish livers and the changes differed between the sexes. Our results indicated that picoxystrobin led to higher embryonic development toxicity and oxidative stress than azoxystrobin in zebrafish and the male zebrafish liver had stronger ability to detoxify than that of the females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangang Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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74
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Pope CN, Brimijoin S. Cholinesterases and the fine line between poison and remedy. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 153:205-216. [PMID: 29409903 PMCID: PMC5959757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, EC 3.1.1.8) are related enzymes found across the animal kingdom. The critical role of acetylcholinesterase in neurotransmission has been known for almost a century, but a physiological role for butyrylcholinesterase is just now emerging. The cholinesterases have been deliberately targeted for both therapy and toxicity, with cholinesterase inhibitors being used in the clinic for a variety of disorders and conversely for their toxic potential as pesticides and chemical weapons. Non-catalytic functions of the cholinesterases (ChEs) participate in both neurodevelopment and disease. Manipulating either the catalytic activities or the structure of these enzymes can potentially shift the balance between beneficial and adverse effect in a wide number of physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carey N Pope
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - Stephen Brimijoin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
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75
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Lu T, Zhu Y, Xu J, Ke M, Zhang M, Tan C, Fu Z, Qian H. Evaluation of the toxic response induced by azoxystrobin in the non-target green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:379-388. [PMID: 29202416 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The top-selling strobilurin, azoxystrobin (AZ), is a broad-spectrum fungicide that protects against many kinds of pathogenic fungi by preventing their ATP production. The extensive use of AZ can have negative consequences on non-target species and its effects and toxic mechanisms on algae are still poorly understood. In this work, Chlorella pyrenoidosa that had been grown in BG-11 medium was exposed to AZ (0.5-10 mg L-1) for 10 d. The physiological and molecular responses of the algae to AZ treatment, including photosynthetic efficiency, lipid peroxidation level, antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as transcriptome-based analysis of gene expression, were examined to investigate the potential toxic mechanism. Results shows that the photosynthetic pigment (per cell) increased slightly after AZ treatments, indicating that the photosystem of C. pyrenoidosa may have been strengthened. Glutathione and ascorbate contents were increased, and antioxidant enzyme activities were induced to relieve oxidative damage (e.g., from lipid peroxidation) in algae after AZ treatment. Transcriptome-based analysis of gene expression combined with physiological verification suggested that the 5 mg L-1 AZ treatment did not inhibit ATP generation in C. pyrenoidosa, but did significantly alter amino acid metabolism, especially in aspartate- and glutamine-related reactions. Moreover, perturbation of ascorbate synthesis, fat acid metabolism, and RNA translation was also observed, suggesting that AZ inhibits algal cell growth through multiple pathways. The identification of AZ-responsive genes in the eukaryotic alga C. pyrenoidosa provides new insight into AZ stress responses in a non-target organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Youchao Zhu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Mingjing Ke
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Chengxia Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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76
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Casida JE. Neonicotinoids and Other Insect Nicotinic Receptor Competitive Modulators: Progress and Prospects. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 63:125-144. [PMID: 29324040 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids (neonics) are remarkably effective as plant systemics to control sucking insects and for flea control on dogs and cats. The nitroimines imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam, and dinotefuran are the leaders among the seven commercial neonics that also include the nitromethylene nitenpyram, the nitromethylene-derived cycloxaprid, and the cyanoimines acetamiprid and thiacloprid. Honey bees are highly sensitive to the nitroimines and nitromethylenes, but the cyanoimines are less toxic. All neonics are nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists with a common mode of action, target-site cross-resistance, and much higher potency on insect than mammalian nAChRs at defined binding sites. The structurally related sulfoximine sulfoxaflor and butenolide flupyradifurone are also nAChR agonists, and the mesoionic triflumezopyrim is a nAChR competitive modulator with little or no target-site cross-resistance. Some neonics induce stress tolerance in plants via salicylate-associated systems. The neonics in general are readily metabolized and, except for pollinators, have favorable toxicological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Casida
- Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720;
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Xie Y, Peng W, Ding F, Liu SJ, Ma HJ, Liu CL. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) directed the discovery of 3-(pyridin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives as novel herbicidal agents. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:189-199. [PMID: 28762622 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agrochemicals have been crucial to the production of food, and the need for the development of novel agrochemicals continues unceasing owing to the loss of existing produces via the growth of resistance and the desire for products with more propitious environmental and toxicological patterns. RESULTS The results of both CoMFA and CoMSIA models indicated that biological activity can effectively be improved through the structural optimisation and molecular design of these synthetic compounds from the aspects of steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic, hydrogen bond donor and acceptor fields. Data of postemergence herbicidal activity in the greenhouse explained that most new 3-(pyridin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives (4c-4 t) could control highly effectively against barnyardgrass, foxtail, vetleaf, and youth and old age (herbicidal activity ≥90%); for example, compounds 4q-4 t exhibit excellent biological activity equivalent/superior to commercial saflufenacil/sulcotrione at the low concentration of 37.5 g a.i./ha, and in particular, the herbicidal activity of compound 4 t for four experimental plant species is found to be notably greater than saflufenacil (3.75 g a.i./ha). Meanwhile, compound 4 t also has good crop selectivity for weed control in maize. CONCLUSION The novel compounds such as 4 t have remarkable biological activity after the structural optimisation utilising the constructed 3D-QSAR models, i.e. such QSAR models have great accuracy. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xie
- Laboratory for Computational Biochemistry & Molecular Design, Department of Phytomedicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd., Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Laboratory for Computational Biochemistry & Molecular Design, Department of Phytomedicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Laboratory for Computational Biochemistry & Molecular Design, Department of Phytomedicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Shu-Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd., Shenyang, China
| | - Hong-Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd., Shenyang, China
| | - Chang-Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd., Shenyang, China
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Xie M, Liu J, Yan Z, Li X, Yang X, Jin H, Su A, Qin B. Bio-guided isolation of plant growth regulators from allelopathic plant-Codonopsis pilosula: phyto-selective activities and mechanisms. RSC Adv 2018; 8:13649-13655. [PMID: 35539311 PMCID: PMC9079819 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12072a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-guided isolation of the aerial waste part of typical allelopathic plant-Codonopsis pilosulaled to six active compounds being produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Jingkun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Xiuzhuang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Hui Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Anxiang Su
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals
- Ministry of Agriculture (ICAMA)
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Bo Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
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79
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Xu Y, Li AJ, Li K, Qin J, Li H. Effects of glyphosate-based herbicides on survival, development and growth of invasive snail (Pomacea canaliculata). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 193:136-143. [PMID: 29078071 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study tests the hypotheses that whether environmental relevance of glyphosate would help control spread of the invasive snail Pomacea canaliculata, or benefit its population growth worldwide. Our results showed that glyphosate induced acute toxicity to the snail only at high concentrations (96h LC50 at 175mg/L) unlikely to occur in the environment. Long-term exposures to glyphosate at sublethal levels (20 and 120mg/L) caused inhibition of food intake, limitation of growth performance and alterations in metabolic profiles of the snail. It is worth noting that glyphosate at 2mg/L benefited growth performance in P. canaliculata. Chronic exposures of glyphosate significantly enhanced overall metabolic rate and altered catabolism from protein to carbohydrate/lipid mode. Cellular responses in enzyme activities showed that the exposed snails could increase tolerance by their defense system against glyphosate-induced oxidative stress, and adjustment of metabolism to mitigate energy crisis. Our study displayed that sublethal concentrations of glyphosate might be helpful in control of the invasive species by food intake, growth performance and metabolic interruption; whether environmental relevance of glyphosate (≤2mg/L) benefits population growth of P. canaliculata is still inconclusive, which requires further field study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanggui Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Adela Jing Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Kaibin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fish Breeding & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Junhao Qin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huashou Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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80
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Farha W, Abd El-Aty AM, Rahman MM, Kabir MH, Chung HS, Lee HS, Jeon JS, Wang J, Chang BJ, Shin HC, Shim JH. Dynamic residual pattern of azoxystrobin in Swiss chard with contribution to safety evaluation. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [PMID: 28921606 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at quantifying the residual amount of azoxystrobin in Swiss chard samples grown under greenhouse conditions at two different locations (Gwangju and Naju, Republic of Korea). Samples were extracted with acetonitrile, separated by salting out, and subjected to purification by using solid-phase extraction. The analyte was identified using liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. The linearity of the calibration range was excellent with coefficient of determination 1.00. Recovery at three different spiking levels (0.1, 0.5, and 4 mg/kg) ranged between 82.89 and 109.46% with relative standard deviation <3. The limit of quantification, 0.01 mg/kg, was considerably much lower than the maximum residue limit (50 mg/kg) set by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The developed methodology was successfully used for field-treated leaves, which were collected randomly at 0-14 days following azoxystrobin application. The rate of disappearance in/on Swiss chard was ascribed to first-order kinetics with a half-life of 8 and 5 days, in leaves grown in Gwangju and Naju greenhouses, respectively. Risk assessments revealed that the acceptable daily intake percentage is substantially below the risk level of consumption at day 0 (in both areas), thus encouraging its safe consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waziha Farha
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Musfiqur Rahman
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Humayun Kabir
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Suk Chung
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sol Lee
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Jeon
- Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi province, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Byung-Joon Chang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Ihara M, Hikida M, Matsushita H, Yamanaka K, Kishimoto Y, Kubo K, Watanabe S, Sakamoto M, Matsui K, Yamaguchi A, Okuhara D, Furutani S, Sattelle DB, Matsuda K. Loops D, E and G in the Drosophila Dα1 subunit contribute to high neonicotinoid sensitivity of Dα1-chicken β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1999-2012. [PMID: 28616862 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neonicotinoid insecticides interact with the orthosteric site formed at subunit interfaces of insect nicotinic ACh (nACh) receptors. However, their interactions with the orthosteric sites at α-non α and α-α subunit interfaces remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of neonicotinoid actions using the Drosophila Dα1-chicken β2 hybrid nACh receptor. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Computer models of the (Dα1)3 (β2)2 nACh receptor in complex with imidacloprid and thiacloprid were generated. Amino acids in the Dα1 subunit were mutated to corresponding amino acids in the human α4 subunit to examine their effects on the agonist actions of neonicotinoids on (Dα1)3 (β2)2 and (Dα1)2 (β2)3 nACh receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes using voltage-clamp electrophysiology. KEY RESULTS The (Dα1)3 (β2)2 nACh receptor models indicated that amino acids in loops D, E and G probably determine the effects of neonicotinoids. The amino acid mutations tested had minimal effects on the EC50 for ACh. However, the R57S mutation in loop G, although having minimal effect on imidacloprid's actions, reduced the affinity of thiacloprid for the (Dα1)3 (β2)2 nACh receptor, while scarcely affecting thiacloprid's action on the (Dα1)2 (β2)3 nACh receptor. Both the K140T and the combined R57S;K140T mutations reduced neonicotinoid efficacy but only for the (Dα1)3 (β2)2 nACh receptor. Combining the E78K mutation with the R57S;K140T mutations resulted in a selective reduction of thiacloprid's affinity for the (Dα1)3 (β2)2 nACh receptor. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings suggest that a triangle of residues from loops D, E and G contribute to the selective actions of neonicotinoids on insect-vertebrate hybrid nACh receptors. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.11/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ihara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Mai Hikida
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsushita
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Yamanaka
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuya Kishimoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kubo
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Mifumi Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Koutaro Matsui
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Daiki Okuhara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Shogo Furutani
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - David B Sattelle
- Centre for Respiratory Biology, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kazuhiko Matsuda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
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Casida JE, Bryant RJ. The ABCs of pesticide toxicology: amounts, biology, and chemistry. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 6:755-763. [PMID: 30090540 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00198c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Everyone is affected directly or indirectly by pesticide use and safety. The magnitude and perception of this effect depend on one's individual involvement or vantage point. The researcher seeks discovery and the entrepreneur goes after financial rewards. The general public wants food, health and safety. Pesticide toxicology is a core issue in these relationships. The three goals of toxicology research on pesticides are first to create new knowledge and chemicals, second to evaluate their effectiveness and safety and third to regulate their use. What amounts of pesticides are applied and do we really understand their biology and chemistry? This review addresses the ABCs of pesticide toxicology, i.e. their amounts, biology and chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Casida
- Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory , Department of Environmental Science , Policy , and Management , University of California , Berkeley 94720 , USA .
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83
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Fernandes T, Soares SF, Trindade T, Daniel-da-Silva AL. Magnetic Hybrid Nanosorbents for the Uptake of Paraquat from Water. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E68. [PMID: 28336902 PMCID: PMC5388170 DOI: 10.3390/nano7030068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Although paraquat has been banned in European countries, this herbicide is still used all over the world, thanks to its low-cost, high-efficiency, and fast action. Because paraquat is highly toxic to humans and animals, there is interest in mitigating the consequences of its use, namely by implementing removal procedures capable of curbing its environmental and health risks. This research describes new magnetic nanosorbents composed of magnetite cores functionalized with bio-hybrid siliceous shells, that can be used to uptake paraquat from water using magnetically-assisted procedures. The biopolymers κ-carrageenan and starch were introduced into the siliceous shells, resulting in two hybrid materials, Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/SiCRG and Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/SiStarch, respectively, that exhibit a distinct surface chemistry. The Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/SiCRG biosorbents displayed a superior paraquat removal performance, with a good fitting to the Langmuir and Toth isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity of paraquat for Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/SiCRG biosorbents was 257 mg·g-1, which places this sorbent among the best systems for the removal of this herbicide from water. The interesting performance of the κ-carrageenan hybrid, along with its magnetic properties and good regeneration capacity, presents a very efficient way for the remediation of water contaminated with paraquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Fernandes
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Sofia F Soares
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Tito Trindade
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana L Daniel-da-Silva
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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