51
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Babak MV, Ahn D. Modulation of Intracellular Copper Levels as the Mechanism of Action of Anticancer Copper Complexes: Clinical Relevance. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080852. [PMID: 34440056 PMCID: PMC8389626 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a vital element required for cellular growth and development; however, even slight changes in its homeostasis might lead to severe toxicity and deleterious medical conditions. Cancer patients are typically associated with higher Cu content in serum and tumor tissues, indicating increased demand of cancer cells for this micronutrient. Cu is known to readily cycle between the +1 and +2 oxidation state in biological systems. The mechanism of action of Cu complexes is typically based on their redox activity and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to deadly oxidative stress. However, there are a number of other biomolecular mechanisms beyond ROS generation that contribute to the activity of anticancer Cu drug candidates. In this review, we discuss how interfering with intracellular Cu balance via either diet modification or addition of inorganic Cu supplements or Cu-modulating compounds affects tumor development, progression, and sensitivity to treatment modalities. We aim to provide the rationale for the use of Cu-depleting and Cu-overloading conditions to generate the best possible patient outcome with minimal toxicity. We also discuss the advantages of the use of pre-formed Cu complexes, such as Cu-(bis)thiosemicarbazones or Cu-N-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones, in comparison with the in situ formed Cu complexes with metal-binding ligands. In this review, we summarize available clinical and mechanistic data on clinically relevant anticancer drug candidates, including Cu supplements, Cu chelators, Cu ionophores, and Cu complexes.
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52
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Shahrokhshahi A, Salehzadeh A, Vaziri HR, Moradi‐Shoeili Z. The Co(
OH
)
2
@
Glu‐TSC
nanoflakes enhance the apoptosis in hepatoma
G2
cell. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Salehzadeh
- Department of Biology, Rasht Branch Islamic Azad University Rasht Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Vaziri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences University of Guilan Rasht Iran
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53
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Evaluation of the antitumor activity of a series of the pincer-type metallocomplexes produced from isonicotinohydrazide derivative. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 223:111525. [PMID: 34237626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work we report on the antitumor properties of a series of pincer-type metallocomplexes [Hg2(HL-keto)Cl4]n (1), [Hg(HL-keto)I2] (2) and [Mn(HL-zwitterion)Cl2]∙MeOH (3∙MeOH), derived from N'-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)isonicotinohydrazide (HL) and corresponding metal salts. The Hg(II) and Mn(II) salts are chelated by the keto (HL-keto) or zwitterionic (HL-zwitterion) form of HL, respectively. The cytotoxic effects of these compounds have been accessed against lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2 and Huh7) cell lines. Complexes 1 and 2 were found to be most efficient against the cell line Huh7 with IC50 value of 2.56 and 9.90 μM, respectively, while they exhibit moderate activity towards cell lines A549 and HepG2, as evidenced from IC50 values in the range 27.98-56.99 μM. Complex 3∙MeOH is less efficient towards all the three cell lines with relatively high IC50 values. The mechanisms of the metallocomplexes killing the aforementioned cells were elucidated by flow cytometry, colony formation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of apoptosis related expression of the genes. The results of the cytotoxic effects and antitumor activity on different cell lines are affected by the metal nature and the presence of the coordinated halide.
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54
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Grieve ML, Davey PRWJ, Forsyth CM, Paterson BM. The Synthesis of a Bis(thiosemicarbazone) Macrocyclic Ligand and the Mn(II), Co(II), Zn(II) and 68Ga(III) Complexes. Molecules 2021; 26:3646. [PMID: 34203751 PMCID: PMC8232287 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen) variant bearing two thiosemicarbazone pendant groups has been prepared. The ligand forms complexes with Mn2+, Co2+ and Zn2+. X-ray crystallography of the Mn2+, Co2+ and Zn2+ complexes showed that the ligand provides a six-coordinate environment for the metal ions. The Mn2+ and Zn2+ complexes exist in the solid state as racemic mixtures of the Δ(δ,δ,δ,δ)/Λ(λ,λ,λ,λ) and Δ(λ,λ,λ,λ)/Λ(δ,δ,δ,δ) diastereomers, and the Co2+ complex exists as the Δ(δ,δ,δ,δ)/Λ(λ,λ,λ,λ) and Δ(λ,λ,λ,δ)/Λ(δ,δ,δ,λ) diastereomers. Density functional theory calculations indicated that the relative energies of the diastereomers are within 10 kJ mol-1. Magnetic susceptibility of the complexes indicated that both the Mn2+ and Co2+ ions are high spin. The ligand was radiolabelled with gallium-68, in the interest of developing new positron emission tomography imaging agents, which produced a single species in high radiochemical purity (>95%) at 90 °C for 10 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melyssa L. Grieve
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (M.L.G.); (P.R.W.J.D.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Patrick R. W. J. Davey
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (M.L.G.); (P.R.W.J.D.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Craig M. Forsyth
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (M.L.G.); (P.R.W.J.D.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Brett M. Paterson
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (M.L.G.); (P.R.W.J.D.); (C.M.F.)
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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55
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Effect of the complex-formation ability of thiosemicarbazones containing (aza)benzene or 3-nitro-1,8-naphthalimide unit towards Cu(II) and Fe(III) ions on their anticancer activity. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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56
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Mahmoudi G, Babashkina MG, Maniukiewicz W, Afkhami FA, Nunna BB, Zubkov FI, Ptaszek AL, Szczepanik DW, Mitoraj MP, Safin DA. Solvent-Induced Formation of Novel Ni(II) Complexes Derived from Bis-Thiosemicarbazone Ligand: An Insight from Experimental and Theoretical Investigations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105337. [PMID: 34069455 PMCID: PMC8159110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report solvent-induced complexation properties of a new N2S2 tetradentate bis-thiosemicarbazone ligand (H2LI), prepared by the condensation of 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide with bis-aldehyde, namely 2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy)dibenzaldehyde, towards nickel(II). Using ethanol as a reaction medium allowed the isolation of a discrete mononuclear homoleptic complex [NiLI] (1), for which its crystal structure contains three independent molecules, namely 1-I, 1-II, and 1-III, in the asymmetric unit. The doubly deprotonated ligand LI in the structure of 1 is coordinated in a cis-manner through the azomethine nitrogen atoms and the thiocarbonyl sulfur atoms. The coordination geometry around metal centers in all the three crystallographically independent molecules of 1 is best described as the seesaw structure. Interestingly, using methanol as a reaction medium in the same synthesis allowed for the isolation of a discrete mononuclear homoleptic complex [Ni(LII)2] (2), where LII is a monodeprotonated ligand 2-(2-(2-(2-(dimethoxymethyl)phenoxy)ethoxy)benzylidene)-N-phenylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide (HLII). The ligand LII was formed in situ from the reaction of LI with methanol upon coordination to the metal center under synthetic conditions. In the structure of 2, two ligands LII are coordinated in a trans-manner through the azomethine nitrogen atom and the thiocarbonyl sulfur atom, also yielding a seesaw coordination geometry around the metal center. The charge and energy decomposition scheme ETS-NOCV allows for the conclusion that both structures are stabilized by a bunch of London dispersion-driven intermolecular interactions, including predominantly N-H∙∙∙S and N-H∙∙∙O hydrogen bonds in 1 and 2, respectively; they are further augmented by less typical C-H∙∙∙X (where X = S, N, O, π), CH∙∙∙HC, π∙∙∙π stacking and the most striking, attractive long-range intermolecular C-H∙∙∙Ni preagostic interactions. The latter are found to be determined by both stabilizing Coulomb forces and an exchange-correlation contribution as revealed by the IQA energy decomposition scheme. Interestingly, the analogous long-range C-H∙∙∙S interactions are characterized by a repulsive Coulomb contribution and the prevailing attractive exchange-correlation constituent. The electron density of the delocalized bonds (EDDB) method shows that the nickel(II) atom shares only ~0.8|e| due to the σ-conjugation with the adjacent in-plane atoms, demonstrating a very weak σ-metalloaromatic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghodrat Mahmoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh P.O. Box 55181-83111, Iran
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (W.M.); (M.P.M.); (D.A.S.)
| | | | - Waldemar Maniukiewicz
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (W.M.); (M.P.M.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Farhad Akbari Afkhami
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, 250 Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA;
| | - Bharath Babu Nunna
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Fedor I. Zubkov
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Aleksandra L. Ptaszek
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland; (A.L.P.); (D.W.S.)
| | - Dariusz W. Szczepanik
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland; (A.L.P.); (D.W.S.)
| | - Mariusz P. Mitoraj
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland; (A.L.P.); (D.W.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (W.M.); (M.P.M.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Damir A. Safin
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tyumen, Volodarskogo Str. 6, 625003 Tyumen, Russia
- Innovation Center for Chemical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B.N. Eltsin, Mira Str. 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Kurgan State University, Sovetskaya Str. 63/4, 640020 Tyumen, Russia
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (W.M.); (M.P.M.); (D.A.S.)
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57
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Yasrebi SA, Mague JT, Takjoo R. Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure Investigation of a New Uranyl Complex of Isothiosemicarbazone. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774521030299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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58
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Drug repurposing screens reveal cell-type-specific entry pathways and FDA-approved drugs active against SARS-Cov-2. Cell Rep 2021; 35:108959. [PMID: 33811811 PMCID: PMC7985926 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for antivirals to treat the newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To identify new candidates, we screen a repurposing library of ∼3,000 drugs. Screening in Vero cells finds few antivirals, while screening in human Huh7.5 cells validates 23 diverse antiviral drugs. Extending our studies to lung epithelial cells, we find that there are major differences in drug sensitivity and entry pathways used by SARS-CoV-2 in these cells. Entry in lung epithelial Calu-3 cells is pH independent and requires TMPRSS2, while entry in Vero and Huh7.5 cells requires low pH and triggering by acid-dependent endosomal proteases. Moreover, we find nine drugs are antiviral in respiratory cells, seven of which have been used in humans, and three are US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved, including cyclosporine. We find that the antiviral activity of cyclosporine is targeting Cyclophilin rather than calcineurin, revealing essential host targets that have the potential for rapid clinical implementation.
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59
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Design, synthesis, antiproliferative activity, and cell cycle analysis of new thiosemicarbazone derivatives targeting ribonucleotide reductase. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.102989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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60
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Gilleran JA, Yu X, Blayney AJ, Bencivenga AF, Na B, Augeri DJ, Blanden AR, Kimball SD, Loh SN, Roberge JY, Carpizo DR. Benzothiazolyl and Benzoxazolyl Hydrazones Function as Zinc Metallochaperones to Reactivate Mutant p53. J Med Chem 2021; 64:2024-2045. [PMID: 33538587 PMCID: PMC9278656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We identified a set of thiosemicarbazone (TSC) metal ion chelators that reactivate specific zinc-deficient p53 mutants using a mechanism called zinc metallochaperones (ZMCs) that restore zinc binding by shuttling zinc into cells. We defined biophysical and cellular assays necessary for structure-activity relationship studies using this mechanism. We investigated an alternative class of zinc scaffolds that differ from TSCs by substitution of the thiocarbamoyl moiety with benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, and benzimidazolyl hydrazones. Members of this series bound zinc with similar affinity and functioned to reactivate mutant p53 comparable to the TSCs. Acute toxicity and efficacy assays in rodents demonstrated C1 to be significantly less toxic than the TSCs while demonstrating equivalent growth inhibition. We identified C85 as a ZMC with diminished copper binding that functions as a chemotherapy and radiation sensitizer. We conclude that the benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, and benzimidazolyl hydrazones can function as ZMCs to reactivate mutant p53 in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A. Gilleran
- Rutgers Molecular Design and Synthesis, Office of Research and Economic Development, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Xin Yu
- Program of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Department of Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Alan J. Blayney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Anthony F. Bencivenga
- Rutgers Molecular Design and Synthesis, Office of Research and Economic Development, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Bing Na
- Program of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Department of Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - David J. Augeri
- Rutgers Molecular Design and Synthesis, Office of Research and Economic Development, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Adam R. Blanden
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - S. David Kimball
- Rutgers Molecular Design and Synthesis, Office of Research and Economic Development, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Stewart N. Loh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Jacques Y. Roberge
- Rutgers Molecular Design and Synthesis, Office of Research and Economic Development, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Darren R. Carpizo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States; Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
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61
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Graur V, Usataia I, Bourosh P, Kravtsov V, Garbuz O, Hureau C, Gulea A. Synthesis, characterization, and biological activity of novel 3
d
metal coordination compounds with 2‐acetylpyridine
N
4
‐allyl‐
S
‐methylisothiosemicarbazone. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasilii Graur
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biofarmaceutics and Technics Moldova State University Chișinău Republic of Moldova
| | - Irina Usataia
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biofarmaceutics and Technics Moldova State University Chișinău Republic of Moldova
| | - Pavlina Bourosh
- Laboratory of Physical Methods of Solid State Investigation “Tadeusz Malinowski” Institute of Applied Physics Chișinău Republic of Moldova
| | - Victor Kravtsov
- Laboratory of Physical Methods of Solid State Investigation “Tadeusz Malinowski” Institute of Applied Physics Chișinău Republic of Moldova
| | - Olga Garbuz
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biofarmaceutics and Technics Moldova State University Chișinău Republic of Moldova
| | - Christelle Hureau
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination UPR 8241 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Toulouse France
| | - Aurelian Gulea
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biofarmaceutics and Technics Moldova State University Chișinău Republic of Moldova
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62
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Haribabu J, Alajrawy OI, Jeyalakshmi K, Balachandran C, Krishnan DA, Bhuvanesh N, Aoki S, Natarajan K, Karvembu R. N-substitution in isatin thiosemicarbazones decides nuclearity of Cu(II) complexes - Spectroscopic, molecular docking and cytotoxic studies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 246:118963. [PMID: 33017789 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The mono- (1) and bi-nuclear (2) copper(II) complexes containing N-substituted isatin thiosemicarbazone(s) were synthesized, and characterized by analytical and spectroscopic (UV-Visible, FT-IR and EPR) techniques. Bimetallic nature of complex 2 was confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The structures predicted by spectroscopic and crystallographic methods were validated by computational studies. From the spectroscopic, crystallographic and computational data, the structures were found to be distorted square planar for 1 and distorted square pyramidal for 2. Molecular docking studies showed hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions of the complexes with tyrosinase kinase receptors. Complex 1 exhibited promising cytotoxic activity against Jurkat (leukemia) cell line, and complex 2 displayed more activity against HeLa S3 (cervical) and Jurkat cell lines with the IC50 values of 3.53 and 3.70 μM, respectively. Cytotoxicity of 1 (Jurkat) and 2 (Jurkat and HeLa S3) was better than that of cisplatin. Morphological changes in A549 (lung), HeLa S3 and Jurkat cell lines were examined in presence of the active complexes with the co-staining of Hoechst, AO (acridine orange) and EB (ethidium bromide) by fluorescence microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jebiti Haribabu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Othman I Alajrawy
- College of Applied Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Fallujah, Fallujah 00964, Iraq
| | - Kumaramangalam Jeyalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India; Department of Chemistry, M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur 639113, India
| | - Chandrasekar Balachandran
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Dhanabalan Anantha Krishnan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Shin Aoki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan; Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Karuppannan Natarajan
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641 020, India
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India.
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63
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Relation of Metal-Binding Property and Selective Toxicity of 8-Hydroxyquinoline Derived Mannich Bases Targeting Multidrug Resistant Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13010154. [PMID: 33466433 PMCID: PMC7796460 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Effective treatment of cancer is often limited by the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy. A well-described mechanism supporting multidrug resistance (MDR) relies on the efflux of toxic drugs from cancer cells, mediated by P-glycoprotein (Pgp). Circumventing Pgp-mediated resistance is expected to make a significant contribution to improved therapy of malignancies. Interestingly, MDR cells exhibit paradoxical hypersensitivity towards a diverse set of anticancer chelators. In this study we explore the relation of chemical and structural properties influencing metal binding and toxicity of a set of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives to reveal key characteristics governing “MDR-selective” activity. We find that subtle changes in the stability and redox activity of the biologically relevant metal complexes significantly influence MDR-selective toxicity. Our results underline the importance of chelation in MDR-selective toxicity, suggesting that the collateral sensitivity of MDR cells may be targeted by preferential iron deprivation or the formation of redox-active copper(II) complexes. Abstract Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is a major obstacle in cancer treatment. A recently proposed strategy is to target the collateral sensitivity of multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer. Paradoxically, the toxicity of certain metal chelating agents is increased, rather than decreased, by the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), which is known to confer resistance by effluxing chemotherapeutic compounds from cancer cells. We have recently characterized and compared the solution’s chemical properties including ligand protonation and the metal binding properties of a set of structurally related 8-hydroxyquinoline derived Mannich bases. Here we characterize the impact of the solution stability and redox activity of their iron(III) and copper(II) complexes on MDR-selective toxicity. Our results show that the MDR-selective anticancer activity of the studied 8-hydroxyquinoline derived Mannich bases is associated with the iron deprivation of MDR cells and the preferential formation of redox-active copper(II) complexes, which undergo intracellular redox-cycling to induce oxidative stress.
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64
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Hydroxyacetone derived N4-methyl substituted thiosemicarbazone: Syntheses, crystal structures and spectroscopic characterization of later first-row transition metal complexes. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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65
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Manandhar E, Johnson ADG, Watson WM, Dickerson SD, Sahukhal GS, Elasri MO, Fronczek FR, Cragg PJ, Wallace KJ. Detection of ferric ions in a gram-positive bacterial cell: Staphylococcus aureus. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1868042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erendra Manandhar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Ashley D. G. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - William M. Watson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Shelby D. Dickerson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Gyan S. Sahukhal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Mohamed O. Elasri
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Peter J. Cragg
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Karl J. Wallace
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
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Khan A, Paul K, Singh I, Jasinski JP, Smolenski VA, Hotchkiss EP, Kelley PT, Shalit ZA, Kaur M, Banerjee S, Roy P, Sharma R. Copper(I) and silver(I) complexes of anthraldehyde thiosemicarbazone: synthesis, structure elucidation, in vitro anti-tuberculosis/cytotoxic activity and interactions with DNA/HSA. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:17350-17367. [PMID: 33210698 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03104f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A reaction of copper(i) halides (X = I, Br, Cl) and silver(i) halides with 9-anthraldehyde thiosemicarbazone (9-Hanttsc, H1L) and triphenylphosphine produced halogen-bridged dinuclear complexes, [M2(μ2-X)2(η1-S-9-Hanttsc)2(Ph3P)2] (M = Cu, X = Cl, 1; Br, 2; I, 3; M = Ag, X = Cl, 4; Br, 5). A similar reaction of 9-anthraldehyde-N1-methyl thiosemicarbazone (9-Hanttsc-N1-Me, H2L) with Ph3P and silver(i) halides yielded sulfur-bridged dimers, [Ag2X2(μ2-S-9-Hanttsc-N1-Me)2(Ph3P)2] (X = Cl, 9; Br, 10), however with copper(i) halides insoluble compounds were formed, which upon the addition of one extra mole of Ph3P gave mononuclear complexes of the formula [CuX(η1-S-9-Hanttsc-N1-Me)(Ph3P)2] (X = Cl, 6; Br, 7; I, 8). All of the complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, NMR (1H, 13C) spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray crystallography (2, 5, 6, and 9). Both the ligands (H1L and H2L) and their complexes (1-10) were tested for their anti-tubercular and anticancer activities. The interactions of the ligands and their complexes (copper and silver) with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) and human serum albumin (HSA) were examined through UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. Results showed that copper complex 2 displayed strong interactions with ct-DNA and HSA having binding constant values of 6.66 × 104 M-1 and 3.28 × 104 M-1, respectively, followed by silver complex 10 which gave binding constant values of 4.60 × 104 M-1 and 3.06 × 104 M-1, respectively. All of the complexes also showed good interactions with DNA in docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashiq Khan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
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Probing 4-(diethylamino)-salicylaldehyde-based thiosemicarbazones as multi-target directed ligands against cholinesterases, carbonic anhydrases and α-glycosidase enzymes. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104554. [PMID: 33383322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
With the fading of 'one drug-one target' approach, Multi-Target-Directed Ligands (MTDL) has become a central idea in modern Medicinal Chemistry. The present study aimed to design, develop and characterize a novel series of 4-(Diethylamino)-salicylaldehyde based thiosemicarbazones (3a-p) and evaluates their biological activity against cholinesterase, carbonic anhydrases and α-glycosidase enzymes. The hCA I isoform was inhibited by these novel 4-(diethylamino)-salicylaldehyde-based thiosemicarbazones (3a-p) in low nanomolar levels, the Ki of which differed between 407.73 ± 43.71 and 1104.11 ± 80.66 nM. Against the physiologically dominant isoform hCA II, the novel compounds demonstrated Kis varying from 323.04 ± 56.88 to 991.62 ± 77.26 nM. Also, these novel 4-(diethylamino)-salicylaldehyde based thiosemicarbazones (3a-p) effectively inhibited AChE, with Ki values in the range of 121.74 ± 23.52 to 548.63 ± 73.74 nM. For BChE, Ki values were obtained with in the range of 132.85 ± 12.53 to 618.53 ± 74.23 nM. For α-glycosidase, the most effective Ki values of 3b, 3k, and 3g were with Ki values of 77.85 ± 10.64, 96.15 ± 9.64, and 124.95 ± 11.44 nM, respectively. We have identified inhibition mechanism of 3b, 3g, 3k, and 3n on α-glycosidase AChE, hCA I, hCA II, and BChE enzyme activities. Hydrazine-1-carbothioamide and hydroxybenzylidene moieties of compounds play an important role in the inhibition of AChE, hCA I, and hCA II enzymes. Hydroxybenzylidene moieties are critical for inhibition of both BChE and α-glycosidase enzymes. The findings of in vitro and in silico evaluations indicate 4-(diethylamino)-salicylaldehyde-based thiosemicarbazone scaffold to be a promising hit for drug development for multifactorial diseases like Alzheimer's disease.
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Bormio Nunes J, Hager S, Mathuber M, Pósa V, Roller A, Enyedy ÉA, Stefanelli A, Berger W, Keppler BK, Heffeter P, Kowol CR. Cancer Cell Resistance Against the Clinically Investigated Thiosemicarbazone COTI-2 Is Based on Formation of Intracellular Copper Complex Glutathione Adducts and ABCC1-Mediated Efflux. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13719-13732. [PMID: 33190481 PMCID: PMC7706001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
COTI-2 is a novel anticancer thiosemicarbazone in phase I clinical trial. However, the effects of metal complexation (a main characteristic of thiosemicarbazones) and acquired resistance mechanisms are widely unknown. Therefore, in this study, the copper and iron complexes of COTI-2 were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity and impact on drug resistance in comparison to metal-free thiosemicarbazones. Investigations using Triapine-resistant SW480/Tria and newly established COTI-2-resistant SW480/Coti cells revealed distinct structure-activity relationships. SW480/Coti cells were found to overexpress ABCC1, and COTI-2 being a substrate for this efflux pump. This was unexpected, as ABCC1 has strong selectivity for glutathione adducts. The recognition by ABCC1 could be explained by the reduction kinetics of a ternary Cu-COTI-2 complex with glutathione. Thus, only thiosemicarbazones forming stable, nonreducible copper(II)-glutathione adducts are recognized and, in turn, effluxed by ABCC1. This reveals a crucial connection between copper complex chemistry, glutathione interaction, and the resistance profile of clinically relevant thiosemicarbazones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia
H. Bormio Nunes
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Inorganic
Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Sonja Hager
- Institute
of Cancer Research, Medical University of
Vienna, Borschkegasse
8a, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Marlene Mathuber
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Vivien Pósa
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence
Centre and MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research
Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Alexander Roller
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Éva A. Enyedy
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence
Centre and MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research
Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Alessia Stefanelli
- Institute
of Cancer Research, Medical University of
Vienna, Borschkegasse
8a, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute
of Cancer Research, Medical University of
Vienna, Borschkegasse
8a, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute
of Cancer Research, Medical University of
Vienna, Borschkegasse
8a, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, Vienna 1090, Austria
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The interaction of a thiosemicarbazone derived from R - (+) - limonene with lipid membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 234:105018. [PMID: 33232725 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.105018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a potential drug, 2-nitrobenzaldehyde-thiosemicarbazone (2-TSC), a thiosemicarbazone derived from the terpene R-(+)-limonene, was studied through calorimetric and spectroscopic techniques. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) data showed that 2-TSC causes structural changes in a 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) membrane, strongly decreasing the cooperativity of the bilayer gel-fluid thermal transition. Optical absorption spectroscopy showed that 2-TSC is more soluble in ethanol and lipids than in water medium, and that the drug displays different structures in the different environments. Though 2-TSC displays no fluorescence, time resolved fluorescence showed that the drug is an effective quencher of the fluorescent probe 6-dodecanoyl-2-dimethylaminonaphthalene (Laurdan). As it is well accepted that Laurdan is positioned into the bilayer close to the membrane surface, that is possibly the localization of 2-TSC in a bilayer. Electron spin resonance (ESR) of the probe 1-palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-(14-doxyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (14-PCSL) revealed that 2-TSC is inserted into the hydrocarbon part of the bilayer, fluidizing the lipid bilayer gel phase and rigidifying or organizing the bilayer fluid phase. Similar effects are found for other lipophilic molecules, including cholesterol. These results are useful to improve the understanding of the processes that govern the interaction of thiosemicarbazones with cell membranes, related to the activity of the drugs and their cytotoxicity.
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He ZX, Huo JL, Gong YP, An Q, Zhang X, Qiao H, Yang FF, Zhang XH, Jiao LM, Liu HM, Ma LY, Zhao W. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel thiosemicarbazone-indole derivatives targeting prostate cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112970. [PMID: 33153765 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To discover novel anticancer agents with potent and low toxicity, we designed and synthesized a range of new thiosemicarbazone-indole analogues based on lead compound 4 we reported previously. Most compounds displayed moderate to high anticancer activities against five tested tumor cells (PC3, EC109, DU-145, MGC803, MCF-7). Specifically, the represented compound 16f possessed strong antiproliferative potency and high selectivity toward PC3 cells with the IC50 value of 0.054 μM, compared with normal WPMY-1 cells with the IC50 value of 19.470 μM. Preliminary mechanism research indicated that compound 16f could significantly suppress prostate cancer cells (PC3, DU-145) growth and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, derivative 16f induced G1/S cycle arrest and apoptosis, which may be related to ROS accumulation due to the activation of MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, molecule 16f could effectively inhibit tumor growth through a xenograft model bearing PC3 cells and had no evident toxicity in vivo. Overall, based on the biological activity evaluation, analogue 16f can be viewed as a potential lead compound for further development of novel anti-prostate cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Xu He
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Jin-Ling Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Yun-Peng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Qi An
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Hui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Fei-Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Xin-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Le-Min Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| | - Li-Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| | - Wen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
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Sever B, Soybir H, Görgülü Ş, Cantürk Z, Altıntop MD. Pyrazole Incorporated New Thiosemicarbazones: Design, Synthesis and Investigation of DPP-4 Inhibitory Effects. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215003. [PMID: 33126761 PMCID: PMC7662656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibition has been recognized as a promising approach to develop safe and potent antidiabetic agents for the management of type 2 diabetes. In this context, new thiosemicarbazones (2a-o) were prepared efficiently by the reaction of aromatic aldehydes with 4-[4-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl]thiosemicarbazide (1), which was obtained via the reaction of 4-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl isothiocyanate with hydrazine hydrate. Compounds 2a-o were evaluated for their DPP-4 inhibitory effects based on a convenient fluorescence-based assay. 4-[4-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl]-1-(4-bromobenzylidene)thiosemicarbazide (2f) was identified as the most effective DPP-4 inhibitor in this series with an IC50 value of 1.266 ± 0.264 nM when compared with sitagliptin (IC50 = 4.380 ± 0.319 nM). MTT test was carried out to assess the cytotoxic effects of compounds 2a-o on NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast (normal) cell line. According to cytotoxicity assay, compound 2f showed cytotoxicity towards NIH/3T3 cell line with an IC50 value higher than 500 µM pointing out its favourable safety profile. Molecular docking studies indicated that compound 2f presented π-π interactions with Arg358 and Tyr666 via pyrazole scaffold and 4-bromophenyl substituent, respectively. Overall, in vitro and in silico studies put emphasis on that compound 2f attracts a great notice as a drug-like DPP-4 inhibitor for further antidiabetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belgin Sever
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; (B.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Hasan Soybir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; (B.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Şennur Görgülü
- Medicinal Plant, Drug and Scientific Research and Application Center, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey;
| | - Zerrin Cantürk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey;
| | - Mehlika Dilek Altıntop
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; (B.S.); (H.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-222-335-0580
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Anti-metastatic action of an N 4-aryl substituted thiosemicarbazone on advanced triple negative breast cancer. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05161. [PMID: 33072918 PMCID: PMC7548444 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Advanced triple negative breast cancer (ATNBC) is defined by a lack of expression of hormones receptors as well as HER2/neu and its high probability of visceral metastasis. This pathology is associated with a poor prognosis. Previously, we found that T2, an N4-arylsubstituted thiosemicarbazone (N4-TSC), had cytotoxic effect on human breast cancer cells lines. Hence, in this study, we investigated the anti-metastasic action of T2 on ATNBC. Methods In order to deepen T2 action mode on ATNBC, we first confirmed T2 cytotoxicity on a panel of TNBC cells and then continued studying T2 effects in vitro an in vivo on the syngeneic 4T1 mouse model. Results We found that T2 had a cytotoxic effect comparable to chemotherapeutics used in present treatment schemes for ATNBC. T2 treatment not only induced apoptosis, but it also down-modulated 4T1 invasive and metastatic-associated capacities, such as clonogenicity, migration and metallo-proteases activity. Moreover, this agent reduced the number of 4T1 cancer stem cells. Finally, T2 treatment induced a more differentiated cell phenotype and the overexpression of the metastasis suppressor gene NDRG-1. In vivo assays showed that T2 reduced tumor burden, down modulated local tumor invasion and significantly reduced the number of lung metastases in the 4T1 advanced TNBC murine model, while the compound did not exhibit intolerable toxicity. Conclusion This study provided evidence that T2 not only exerted an anti-tumor activity but it also showed anti-invasive and anti-metastatic actions on ATNBC in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that T2 could be considered as a promising therapy that deserves further analysis.
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73
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In vitro evaluation of the metabolic enzymes and drug interaction potential of triapine. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 86:633-640. [PMID: 32989483 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the metabolic pathways of triapine in primary cultures of human hepatocytes and human hepatic subcellular fractions; to investigate interactions of triapine with tenofovir and emtricitabine; and to evaluate triapine as a perpetrator of drug interactions. The results will better inform future clinical studies of triapine, a radiation sensitizer currently being studied in a phase III study. METHODS Triapine was incubated with human hepatocytes and subcellular fractions in the presence of a number of inhibitors of drug metabolizing enzymes. Triapine depletion was monitored by LC-MS/MS. Tenofovir and emtricitabine were co-incubated with triapine in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. Triapine was incubated with a CYP probe cocktail and human liver microsomes, followed by LC-MS/MS monitoring of CYP specific metabolite formation. RESULTS Triapine was not metabolized by FMO, AO/XO, MAO-A/B, or NAT-1/2, but was metabolized by CYP450s. CYP1A2 accounted for most of the depletion of triapine. Tenofovir and emtricitabine did not alter triapine depletion. Triapine reduced CYP1A2 activity and increased CYP2C19 activity. CONCLUSION CYP1A2 metabolism is the major metabolic pathway for triapine. Triapine may be evaluated in cancer patients in the setting of HIV with emtricitabine or tenofovir treatment. Confirmatory clinical trials may further define the in vivo triapine metabolic fate and quantify any drug-drug interactions.
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74
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Park KC, Dharmasivam M, Richardson DR. The Role of Extracellular Proteases in Tumor Progression and the Development of Innovative Metal Ion Chelators that Inhibit their Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6805. [PMID: 32948029 PMCID: PMC7555822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The crucial role of extracellular proteases in cancer progression is well-known, especially in relation to the promotion of cell invasion through extracellular matrix remodeling. This also occurs by the ability of extracellular proteases to induce the shedding of transmembrane proteins at the plasma membrane surface or within extracellular vesicles. This process results in the regulation of key signaling pathways by the modulation of kinases, e.g., the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Considering their regulatory roles in cancer, therapeutics targeting various extracellular proteases have been discovered. These include the metal-binding agents di-2-pyridylketone 4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT) and di-2-pyridylketone-4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC), which increase c-MET degradation by multiple mechanisms. Both the direct and indirect inhibition of protease expression and activity can be achieved through metal ion depletion. Considering direct mechanisms, chelators can bind zinc(II) that plays a catalytic role in enzyme activity. In terms of indirect mechanisms, Dp44mT and DpC potently suppress the expression of the kallikrein-related peptidase-a prostate-specific antigen-in prostate cancer cells. The mechanism of this activity involves promotion of the degradation of the androgen receptor. Additional suppressive mechanisms of Dp44mT and DpC on matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) relate to their ability to up-regulate the metastasis suppressors N-myc downstream regulated gene-1 (NDRG1) and NDRG2, which down-regulate MMPs that are crucial for cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Chan Park
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; (K.C.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Mahendiran Dharmasivam
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; (K.C.P.); (M.D.)
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute of Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane 4111, Australia
| | - Des R. Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; (K.C.P.); (M.D.)
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute of Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane 4111, Australia
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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Milunović MNM, Palamarciuc O, Sirbu A, Shova S, Dumitrescu D, Dvoranová D, Rapta P, Petrasheuskaya TV, Enyedy EA, Spengler G, Ilic M, Sitte HH, Lubec G, Arion VB. Insight into the Anticancer Activity of Copper(II) 5-Methylenetrimethylammonium-Thiosemicarbazonates and Their Interaction with Organic Cation Transporters. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1213. [PMID: 32825480 PMCID: PMC7565988 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of four water-soluble salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazones with a positively charged trimethylammonium moiety ([H2LR]Cl, R = H, Me, Et, Ph) and four copper(II) complexes [Cu(HLR)Cl]Cl (1-4) were synthesised with the aim to study (i) their antiproliferative activity in cancer cells and, (ii) for the first time for thiosemicarbazones, the interaction with membrane transport proteins, specifically organic cation transporters OCT1-3. The compounds were comprehensively characterised by analytical, spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction methods. The highest cytotoxic effect was observed in the neuroblastoma cell line SH-5YSY after 24 h exposure and follows the rank order: 3 > 2 > 4 > cisplatin > 1 >>[H2LR]Cl. The copper(II) complexes showed marked interaction with OCT1-3, comparable to that of well-known OCT inhibitors (decynium 22, prazosin and corticosterone) in the cell-based radiotracer uptake assays. The work paves the way for the development of more potent and selective anticancer drugs and/or OCT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miljan N. M. Milunović
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Oleg Palamarciuc
- Department of Chemistry, Moldova State University, A. Mateevici Street 60, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova; (O.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Angela Sirbu
- Department of Chemistry, Moldova State University, A. Mateevici Street 60, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova; (O.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Sergiu Shova
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Laboratory of Inorganic Polymers, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda, Nr. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Dan Dumitrescu
- Elettra—Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, Strada Statale 14—km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy;
| | - Dana Dvoranová
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.D.); (P.R.)
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.D.); (P.R.)
| | - Tatsiana V. Petrasheuskaya
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (T.V.P.); (E.A.E.)
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Eva A. Enyedy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (T.V.P.); (E.A.E.)
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marija Ilic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Institute of Pharmacology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Private Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Harald H. Sitte
- Institute of Pharmacology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Gert Lubec
- Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Private Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Vladimir B. Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Astashkin AV, Utterback RD, Sung YS, Tomat E. Iron Complexes of an Antiproliferative Aroyl Hydrazone: Characterization of Three Protonation States by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Methods. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11377-11384. [PMID: 32799490 PMCID: PMC8223696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tridentate aroyl hydrazones are effective metal chelators in biological settings, and their activity has been investigated extensively for medicinal applications in metal overload, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The aroyl hydrazone motif is found in the recently reported prochelator (AH1-S)2, which has shown antiproliferative proapoptotic activity in mammalian cancer cell lines. Intracellular reduction of this disulfide prochelator leads to the formation of mercaptobenzaldehyde benzoylhydrazone chelator AH1 and to iron sequestration, which in turn impacts cell growth. Herein, we investigate the iron coordination chemistry of AH1 to determine the structural and spectroscopic properties of the iron complexes in the solid state and in solution. A neutral iron(III) complex of 2:1 ligand-to-metal stoichiometry was isolated and characterized fully to reveal two different binding modes for the tridentate AH1 ligand. Specifically, one ligand binds in the monoanionic keto form, whereas the other ligand coordinates as a dianionic enolate. Continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance experiments in frozen solutions indicated that this neutral complex is one of three low-spin iron(III) complexes observed depending on the pH of the solution. Electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) experiments allowed assignment of the three species to different protonation states of the coordinated ligands. Our ESEEM analysis provides a method to distinguish the coordination of aroyl hydrazones in the keto and enolate forms, which influences both the ligand field and overall charge of the complex. As such, this type of analysis could provide valuable information in a variety of studies of iron complexes of aroyl hydrazones, ranging from the investigation of spin-crossover behavior to tracking of their distribution in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V. Astashkin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona,
Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Rachel D. Utterback
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona,
Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Yu-Shien Sung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona,
Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Elisa Tomat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona,
Tucson, AZ 85721
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Preparation, structural characterization, voltammetry and Hirshfeld surface analysis of homoleptic iron(III) thiosemicarbazone complexes. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-020-00404-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Molecular events and cytotoxic effects of a novel thiosemicarbazone derivative in human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2020; 14:51-64. [PMID: 32763229 DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of 38 new thiosemicarbazone derivatives on hematological neoplastic cells lines and to select the most effective compounds to investigate the main molecular mechanisms involved in cell death. Cytotoxicity screening on Daudi and Jurkat cells revealed that only compound 1b met the selection criteria; therefore, it was chosen for further investigation. Cell viability of Daudi, Jurkat, Molt-4, Namalwa, K562, and MM.1S cell lines decreased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner after compound1b incubation; nevertheless the compound neither caused significant hemolysis nor reduction in peripheral blood mononuclear cell viability. Although no changes were observed on cell cycle or Ki-67 expression, compound1b induced apoptotic-like cell death with mitochondrial involvement, Bax/Bcl-2 inversion, AIF release, survivin inhibition, and caspase-3 activation in both Daudi and Jurkat cells. Furthermore, the compound reduced NFκB expression in Jurkat cells. In Daudi cells, compound1b also decreased CHOP, Akt, pAkt, and MAPK/ERK2 expression, thereby suggesting modulation of UPR, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. Finally, the compound was able to reduce the cell viability of samples collected from patients with different lymphoid neoplasms subtypes, showing that thiosemicarbazones derivatives could be used in the development of new drugs with anticancer activity.
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Hassan M, Ghaffari R, Sardari S, Farahani YF, Mohebbi S. Discovery of novel isatin-based thiosemicarbazones: synthesis, antibacterial, antifungal, and antimycobacterial screening. Res Pharm Sci 2020; 15:281-290. [PMID: 33088328 PMCID: PMC7540816 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.288435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: A group of thiosemicarbazones were prepared and their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic methods such as IR and H-NMR, mass spectrometry and also analytical method like elemental analysis. The synthesized semicarbazones were then assessed for their inhibitory activity against bacterial strains including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella species, Enterobacter faecalis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and fungi such as Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Experimental approach: The schiff bases of isatin (2a-j) were prepared by a condensation reaction between thiosemicarbazide and substituted N-aryl isatins leading to the desired thiosemicarbazones with exquisite purity. Findings / Results: The results disclosed that all compounds have noticeable inhibitory activity. Compounds 2a, 2b, 2c, 2g, and 2h were among the most potent derivatives against Gram negative bacteria and fungi. Besides, the activity of theses compounds were tested against Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (M. bovis BCG). The antimycobacterial activity indicated compounds 2e and 2j are highly active against M. bovis BCG (minimum inhibitory concentration < 3.9 μg/mL). Among fluorinated structures, compounds 2a and 2j showed the best activities against M. bovis BCG. Conclusion and implications: To sum up, amongst the 10 synthesized compounds, fluorinated derivatives exhibited remarkable activities against both gram negative strains and candida albicans microorganism. Therefore, they should be considered as a clue for further modifications in next investigations. Furthermore, inserting a small/medium size halogen atom with electron-withdrawing and lipophilic properties increases anti- salmonella activity of these compounds and moreover 2-halogenated semithiocarbazones presented promising antimycobacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hassan
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Ramtin Ghaffari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Soroush Sardari
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Biotechnology Research Center, Medical Biotechnology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Yekta Farmahini Farahani
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Biotechnology Research Center, Medical Biotechnology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Shohreh Mohebbi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, I.R. Iran
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Qi J, Zhao W, Zheng Y, Wang R, Chen Q, Wang FA, Fan W, Gao H, Xia X. Single-crystal structure and intracellular localization of Zn(II)-thiosemicarbazone complex targeting mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127340. [PMID: 32631541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tracking of drugs in cancer cells is important for basic biology research and therapeutic applications. Therefore, we designed and synthesised a Zn(II)-thiosemicarbazone complex with photoluminescent property for organelle-specific imaging and anti-cancer proliferation. The Zn(AP44eT)(NO3)2 coordination ratio of metal to ligand was 1:1, which was remarkably superior to 2-((3-aminopyridin-2-yl) methylene)-N, N-diethylhydrazinecarbothioamide (AP44eT·HCl) in many aspects, such as fluorescence and anti-tumour activity. Confocal fluorescence imaging showed that the Zn(AP44eT)(NO3)2 was aggregated in mitochondria. Moreover, Zn(AP44eT)(NO3)2 was more effective than the metal-free AP44eT·HCl in shortening the G2 phase in the MCF-7 cell cycle and promoting apoptosis of cancer cells. Supposedly, the effects of these complexes might be located mainly in the mitochondria and activated caspase-3 and 9 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxu Qi
- Medcine College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Medcine College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China
| | - Yunyun Zheng
- Medcine College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China
| | - Ruiya Wang
- Medcine College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Medcine College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China
| | - Fu-An Wang
- Medcine College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China
| | - Weiwei Fan
- Medcine College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China
| | - Huashan Gao
- Medcine College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China
| | - Xichao Xia
- Medcine College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China.
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81
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Qi J, Wang X, Liu T, Kandawa-Schulz M, Wang Y, Zheng X. Synthesis, antiproliferative activity and mechanism of copper(II)-thiosemicarbazone complexes as potential anticancer and antimicrobial agents. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1768378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxu Qi
- School of Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Taichen Liu
- School of Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | | | - Yihong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinhua Zheng
- School of Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
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Shakya B, Yadav PN. Thiosemicarbazones as Potent Anticancer Agents and their Modes of Action. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:638-661. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666191029130310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:Thiosemicarbazones (TSCs) are a class of Schiff bases usually obtained by the condensation of thiosemicarbazide with a suitable aldehyde or ketone. TSCs have been the focus of chemists and biologists due to their wide range of pharmacological effects. One of the promising areas in which these excellent metal chelators are being developed is their use against cancer. TSCs have a wide clinical antitumor spectrum with efficacy in various tumor types such as leukemia, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer and bladder cancer. To obtain better activity, different series of TSCs have been developed by modifying the heteroaromatic system in their molecules. These compounds possessed significant antineoplastic activity when the carbonyl attachment of the side chain was located at a position α to the ring nitrogen atom, whereas attachment of the side chain β or γ to the heterocyclic N atom resulted in inactive antitumor agents. In addition, replacement of the heterocyclic ring N with C also resulted in a biologically inactive compound suggesting that a conjugated N,N,S-tridentate donor set is essential for the biological activities of thiosemicarbazones. Several possible mechanisms have been implemented for the anticancer activity of thiosemicarbazones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan Shakya
- Amrit Campus, Tribhuvan University, Thamel, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Paras Nath Yadav
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
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83
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Sohtun WP, Khamrang T, Kannan A, Balakrishnan G, Saravanan D, Akhbarsha MA, Velusamy M, Palaniandavar M. Iron(III) bis‐complexes of Schiff bases of
S
‐methyldithiocarbazates: Synthesis, structure, spectral and redox properties and cytotoxicity. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Winaki P. Sohtun
- Department of ChemistryNorth Eastern Hill University Shillong 793022 India
| | - Themmila Khamrang
- Department of ChemistryNorth Eastern Hill University Shillong 793022 India
- Present Address: C. I. College, Bishnupur Manipur 795126 India
| | | | - Gowdhami Balakrishnan
- Mahatma Gandhi‐Doerenkamp Center for Alternatives to Use of Animals in Life Science EducationBharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli 620024 India
| | | | - Mohammad Abdulkader Akhbarsha
- Mahatma Gandhi‐Doerenkamp Center for Alternatives to Use of Animals in Life Science EducationBharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli 620024 India
| | - Marappan Velusamy
- Department of ChemistryNorth Eastern Hill University Shillong 793022 India
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Sahni S, Gillson J, Park KC, Chiang S, Leck LYW, Jansson PJ, Richardson DR. NDRG1 suppresses basal and hypoxia-induced autophagy at both the initiation and degradation stages and sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129625. [PMID: 32335136 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is an established stress-response protein. This study investigated the effects of NDRG1 on autophagic degradation and how this can be therapeutically exploited. METHODS Cell culture, western analysis, confocal microscopy, acridine orange staining, cholesterol determination, cellular proliferation assessment and combination index (CI) estimation. RESULTS NDRG1 expression suppressed autophagic degradation and autolysosome formation, measured by increased p62 expression and reduced co-localization between the well-characterized, autophagosomal and lysosomal markers, LC3 and LAMP2, respectively. NDRG1 elicited autophagic suppression at the initiation stage of autophagy. The NDRG1-inducer and anti-cancer agent, di-2-pyridylketone 4,4,-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT), was able to induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). Over-expression of NDRG1 further sensitized cells to LMP mediated by both Dp44mT, or the redox active Dp44mT‑copper complex. This sensitization may be mediated via a decrease in cholesterol levels upon NDRG1 expression, as cholesterol stabilizes lysosomal membranes. However, the effect of NDRG1 on cholesterol appeared independent of the key energy homeostasis sensor, 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), whose activation was significantly (p < 0.001) reduced by NDRG1. Finally, Dp44mT synergistically potentiated the anti-proliferative activity of Gemcitabine that activates autophagy. In fact, Dp44mT and Gemcitabine (Combination Index (CI): 0.38 ± 0.07) demonstrated higher synergism versus the autophagy inhibitor, Bafilomycin A1 and Gemcitabine (CI: 0.64 ± 0.19). CONCLUSIONS AND GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, this study demonstrated a dual-inhibitory mechanism of NDRG1 on autophagic activity, and that NDRG1 expression sensitized cells to Dp44mT-induced LMP. Considering the ability of Dp44mT to inhibit autophagy, studies demonstrated the potential of combination therapy for cancer treatment of Dp44mT with Gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Sahni
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Josef Gillson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Kyung Chan Park
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Shannon Chiang
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Lionel Yi Wen Leck
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Cancer Drug Resistance Program, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Patric J Jansson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Cancer Drug Resistance Program, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Centre for Cancer Cell Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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85
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Ramachandran E, Gandin V, Bertani R, Sgarbossa P, Natarajan K, Bhuvanesh NSP, Venzo A, Zoleo A, Mozzon M, Dolmella A, Albinati A, Castellano C, Reis Conceição N, C. Guedes da Silva MF, Marzano C. Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Novel Cu(II) Complexes of 6-Methyl-2-Oxo-1,2-Dihydroquinoline-3-Carbaldehyde-4n-Substituted Thiosemicarbazones. Molecules 2020; 25:E1868. [PMID: 32316698 PMCID: PMC7221752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three new 6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde-thiosemicarbazones-N-4-substituted pro-ligands and their Cu(II) complexes (1, -NH2; 2, -NHMe; 3, -NHEt) have been prepared and characterized. In both the X-ray structures of 1 and 3, two crystallographically independent complex molecules were found that differ either in the nature of weakly metal-binding species (water in 1a and nitrate in 1b) or in the co-ligand (water in 3a and methanol in 3b). Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements carried out on complexes 1 and 3 confirmed the presence of such different species in the solution. The electrochemical behavior of the pro-ligands and of the complexes was investigated, as well as their biological activity. Complexes 2 and 3 exhibited a high cytotoxicity against human tumor cells and 3D spheroids derived from solid tumors, related to the high cellular uptake. Complexes 2 and 3 also showed a high selectivity towards cancerous cell lines with respect to non-cancerous cell lines and were able to circumvent cisplatin resistance. Via the Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) imaging technique, preliminary insights into the biological activity of copper complexes were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswaran Ramachandran
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (R.B.); (M.M.)
- Chemistry Research Center, National Engineering College, K. R. Nagar, Kovilpatti, Tamilnadu 628503, India
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (V.G.); (A.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Roberta Bertani
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (R.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Paolo Sgarbossa
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (R.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Karuppannan Natarajan
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641020, India
| | | | - Alfonso Venzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Alfonso Zoleo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Mirto Mozzon
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (R.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Alessandro Dolmella
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (V.G.); (A.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Alberto Albinati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Carlo Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Nuno Reis Conceição
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.R.C.); (M.F.C.G.d.S.)
| | - M. Fátima C. Guedes da Silva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.R.C.); (M.F.C.G.d.S.)
| | - Cristina Marzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (V.G.); (A.D.); (C.M.)
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Carcelli M, Tegoni M, Bartoli J, Marzano C, Pelosi G, Salvalaio M, Rogolino D, Gandin V. In vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of tridentate thiosemicarbazone copper complexes: Unravelling an unexplored pharmacological target. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 194:112266. [PMID: 32248006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Certain metal complexes can have a great antitumor activity, as the use of cisplatin in therapy has been demonstrating for the past fifty years. Copper complexes, in particular, have attracted much attention as an example of anticancer compounds based on an endogenous metal. In this paper we present the synthesis and the activity of a series of copper(II) complexes with variously substituted salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone ligands. The in vitro activity of both ligands and copper complexes was assessed on a panel of cell lines (HCT-15, LoVo and LoVo oxaliplatin resistant colon carcinoma, A375 melanoma, BxPC3 and PSN1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma, BCPAP thyroid carcinoma, 2008 ovarian carcinoma, HEK293 non-transformed embryonic kidney), highlighting remarkable activity of the metal complexes, in some cases in the low nanomolar range. The copper(II) complexes were also screened, with good results, against 3D spheroids of colon (HCT-15) and pancreatic (PSN1) cancer cells. Detailed investigations on the mechanism of action of the copper(II) complexes are also reported: they are able to potently inhibit Protein Disulfide Isomerase, a copper-binding protein, that is recently emerging as a new therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Good preliminary results obtained in C57BL mice indicate that this series of metal-based compounds could be a very promising weapon in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Carcelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Università di Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Tegoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Università di Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Jennifer Bartoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Università di Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristina Marzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Università di Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Marika Salvalaio
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Università di Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy.
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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Klisurić OR, Armaković SJ, Armaković S, Marković S, Todorović TR, Portalone G, Novović K, Lozo J, Filipović NR. Structural, biological and in-silico study of quinoline-based chalcogensemicarbazones. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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88
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Malarz K, Zych D, Kuczak M, Musioł R, Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz A. Anticancer activity of 4′-phenyl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines – behind the metal complexation. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 189:112039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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89
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Novel thiosemicarbazone derivative 17B interferes with the cell cycle progression and induce apoptosis through modulating downstream signaling pathways. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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90
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Schnetz M, Meier JK, Rehwald C, Mertens C, Urbschat A, Tomat E, Akam EA, Baer P, Roos FC, Brüne B, Jung M. The Disturbed Iron Phenotype of Tumor Cells and Macrophages in Renal Cell Carcinoma Influences Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030530. [PMID: 32106629 PMCID: PMC7139531 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that iron homeostasis is disturbed in tumors. We aimed at clarifying the distribution of iron in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Considering the pivotal role of macrophages for iron homeostasis and their association with poor clinical outcome, we investigated the role of macrophage-secreted iron for tumor progression by applying a novel chelation approach. We applied flow cytometry and multiplex-immunohistochemistry to detect iron-dependent markers and analyzed iron distribution with atomic absorption spectrometry in patients diagnosed with RCC. We further analyzed the functional significance of iron by applying a novel extracellular chelator using RCC cell lines as well as patient-derived primary cells. The expression of iron-regulated genes was significantly elevated in tumors compared to adjacent healthy tissue. Iron retention was detected in tumor cells, whereas tumor-associated macrophages showed an iron-release phenotype accompanied by enhanced expression of ferroportin. We found increased iron amounts in extracellular fluids, which in turn stimulated tumor cell proliferation and migration. In vitro, macrophage-derived iron showed pro-tumor functions, whereas application of an extracellular chelator blocked these effects. Our study provides new insights in iron distribution and iron-handling in RCC. Chelators that specifically scavenge iron in the extracellular space confirmed the importance of macrophage-secreted iron in promoting tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schnetz
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (M.S.); (J.K.M.); (C.R.); (C.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Julia K. Meier
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (M.S.); (J.K.M.); (C.R.); (C.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Claudia Rehwald
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (M.S.); (J.K.M.); (C.R.); (C.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Christina Mertens
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (M.S.); (J.K.M.); (C.R.); (C.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Anja Urbschat
- Institute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 6, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Elisa Tomat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA; (E.T.); (E.A.A.)
| | - Eman A. Akam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA; (E.T.); (E.A.A.)
| | - Patrick Baer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Frederik C. Roos
- Clinic of Urology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (M.S.); (J.K.M.); (C.R.); (C.M.); (B.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michaela Jung
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (M.S.); (J.K.M.); (C.R.); (C.M.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6301-6931; Fax: +49-69-6301-4203
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91
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Bioactive 1,1′-unsymmetrical bi-functional ferrocenyl compounds using a novel solvent free one pot multicomponent reaction method. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.121095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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92
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Beebe SJ, Celestine MJ, Bullock JL, Sandhaus S, Arca JF, Cropek DM, Ludvig TA, Foster SR, Clark JS, Beckford FA, Tano CM, Tonsel-White EA, Gurung RK, Stankavich CE, Tse-Dinh YC, Jarrett WL, Holder AA. Synthesis, characterization, DNA binding, topoisomerase inhibition, and apoptosis induction studies of a novel cobalt(III) complex with a thiosemicarbazone ligand. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 203:110907. [PMID: 31715377 PMCID: PMC7053658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 9-anthraldehyde-N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone (MeATSC) 1 and [Co(phen)2(O2CO)]Cl·6H2O 2 (where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized. [Co(phen)2(O2CO)]Cl·6H2O 2 was used to produce anhydrous [Co(phen)2(H2O)2](NO3)33. Subsequently, anhydrous [Co(phen)2(H2O)2](NO3)33 was reacted with MeATSC 1 to produce [Co(phen)2(MeATSC)](NO3)3·1.5H2O·C2H5OH 4. The ligand, MeATSC 1 and all complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FT IR, UV-visible, and multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C, and 59Co) spectroscopy, along with HRMS, and conductivity measurements, where appropriate. Interactions of MeATSC 1 and complex 4 with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) were investigated by carrying out UV-visible spectrophotometric studies. UV-visible spectrophotometric studies revealed weak interactions between ctDNA and the analytes, MeATSC 1 and complex 4 (Kb = 8.1 × 105 and 1.6 × 104 M-1, respectively). Topoisomerase inhibition assays and cleavage studies proved that complex 4 was an efficient catalytic inhibitor of human topoisomerases I and IIα. Based upon the results obtained from the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay on 4T1-luc metastatic mammary breast cancer cells (IC50 = 34.4 ± 5.2 μM when compared to IC50 = 13.75 ± 1.08 μM for the control, cisplatin), further investigations into the molecular events initiated by exposure to complex 4 were investigated. Studies have shown that complex 4 activated both the apoptotic and autophagic signaling pathways in addition to causing dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Furthermore, activation of cysteine-aspartic proteases3 (caspase 3) in a time- and concentration-dependent manner coupled with the ΔΨm, studies implicated the intrinsic apoptotic pathway as the major regulator of cell death mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Beebe
- The Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, 4211 Monarch Way, Suite 300, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Michael J Celestine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Jimmie L Bullock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Shayna Sandhaus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Jessa Faye Arca
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Donald M Cropek
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, IL 61822, USA
| | - Tekettay A Ludvig
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Sydney R Foster
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Jasmine S Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Floyd A Beckford
- The University of Virginia's College at Wise, 1 College Avenue, Wise, VA 24293, USA
| | - Criszcele M Tano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Tonsel-White
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Raj K Gurung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Courtney E Stankavich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Yuk-Ching Tse-Dinh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - William L Jarrett
- School of Polymers and High-Performance Materials, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, #5050, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Alvin A Holder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
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93
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Alcaraz R, Muñiz P, Cavia M, Palacios Ó, Samper KG, Gil-García R, Jiménez-Pérez A, García-Tojal J, García-Girón C. Thiosemicarbazone-metal complexes exhibiting cytotoxicity in colon cancer cell lines through oxidative stress. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 206:110993. [PMID: 32088593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.110993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer and has a high incidence in developed countries. At present, specific treatments are being required to allow individualized therapy depending on the molecular alteration on which the drug may act. The aim of this project is to evaluate whether HPTSC and HPTSC* thiosemicarbazones (HPTSC = pyridine-2-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone and HPTSC* = pyridine-2-carbaldehyde 4N-methylthiosemicarbazone), and their complexes with different transition metal ions as Cu(II), Fe(III) and Co(III), have antitumor activity in colon cancer cells (HT-29 and SW-480), that have different oncogenic characteristics. Cytotoxicity was evaluated and the involvement of oxidative stress in its mechanism of action was analyzed by quantifying the superoxide dismutase activity, redox state by quantification of the thioredoxin levels and reduced/oxidized glutathione rate and biomolecules damage. The apoptotic effect was evaluated by measurements of the levels of caspase 9 and 3 and the index of histones. All the metal-thiosemicarbazones have antitumor activity mediated by oxidative stress. The HPTSC*-Cu was the compound that showed the best antitumor and apoptotic characteristics for the cell line SW480, that is KRAS gene mutated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Alcaraz
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Avd Islas Baleares, 3, 09006 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Pilar Muñiz
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Mónica Cavia
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Óscar Palacios
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katia G Samper
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Gil-García
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | | | | | - Carlos García-Girón
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Avd Islas Baleares, 3, 09006 Burgos, Spain
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94
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Sardroud SJ, Hosseini-Yazdi SA, Mahdavi M, Poupon M, Skorepova E. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation of anticancer activity of a new water-soluble thiosemicarbazone ligand and its complexes. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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95
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Gulea AP, Graur VO, Chumakov YM, Petrenko PA, Garbuz OS, Tsapkov VI, Gudumac VS. Nickel(II) Complexes with Pentane-2,4-dione Bis(4-allylthiosemicarbazone). RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s107036322001017x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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96
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Balan G, Burduniuc O, Usataia I, Graur V, Chumakov Y, Petrenko P, Gudumac V, Gulea A, Pahontu E. Novel 2‐formylpyridine 4‐allyl‐
S
‐methylisothiosemicarbazone and Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(III) complexes: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Greta Balan
- State University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Nicolae Testemiţanu” 165 Ştefan cel Mare and Sfânt Street Chişinău MD‐2004 Republic of Moldova
| | - Olga Burduniuc
- State University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Nicolae Testemiţanu” 165 Ştefan cel Mare and Sfânt Street Chişinău MD‐2004 Republic of Moldova
| | - Irina Usataia
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biofarmaceutics and TechnicsMoldova State University 60 Mateevici Street MD 2009 Republic of Moldova
| | - Vasilii Graur
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biofarmaceutics and TechnicsMoldova State University 60 Mateevici Street MD 2009 Republic of Moldova
| | - Yurii Chumakov
- Institute of Applied PhysicsAcademy of Sciences of Moldova 5 Academiei Street Chişinău MD 2028 Republic of Moldova
- Gebze Technical University P.O. Box: 141, Gebze Kocaeli 41400 Turkey
| | - Peter Petrenko
- Institute of Applied PhysicsAcademy of Sciences of Moldova 5 Academiei Street Chişinău MD 2028 Republic of Moldova
| | - Valentin Gudumac
- State University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Nicolae Testemiţanu” 165 Ştefan cel Mare and Sfânt Street Chişinău MD‐2004 Republic of Moldova
| | - Aurelian Gulea
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials in Biofarmaceutics and TechnicsMoldova State University 60 Mateevici Street MD 2009 Republic of Moldova
| | - Elena Pahontu
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” 6 Traian Vuia Street Bucharest 020956 Romania
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97
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Zhou Y, Yang S, Xiao Y, Zou Z, Qing Z, Liu J, Yang R. Cytoplasmic Protein-Powered In Situ Fluorescence Amplification for Intracellular Assay of Low-Abundance Analyte. Anal Chem 2019; 91:15179-15186. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Yue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zou
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Zhihe Qing
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ronghua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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98
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Barrett S, De Franco M, Kellett A, Dempsey E, Marzano C, Erxleben A, Gandin V, Montagner D. Anticancer activity, DNA binding and cell mechanistic studies of estrogen-functionalised Cu(II) complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 25:49-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01732-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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99
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Yasrebi SA, Takjoo R, Riazi GH. HSA-interaction studies of uranyl complexes of alkyl substituted isothiosemicarbazone. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.04.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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100
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Antholine WE, Myers CR. Concentration of Fe(3+)-Triapine in BEAS-2B Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123062. [PMID: 31234559 PMCID: PMC6627071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method was used to determine the concentration of the antitumor agent Triapine in BEAS-2B cells when Triapine was bound to iron (Fe). Knowledge of the concentration of Fe-Triapine in tumor cells may be useful to adjust the administration of the drug or to adjust iron uptake in tumor cells. An EPR spectrum is obtained for Fe(3+)-Triapine, Fe(3+)(Tp)2+, in BEAS-2B cells after addition of Fe(3+)(Tp)2+. Detection of the low spin signal for Fe(3+)(Tp)2+ shows that the Fe(3+)(Tp)2+ complex is intact in these cells. It is proposed that Triapine acquires iron from transferrin in cells including tumor cells. Here, it is shown that iron from purified Fe-transferrin is transferred to Triapine after the addition of ascorbate. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the EPR method has been used to determine the concentration of an iron antitumor agent in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Antholine
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Charles R Myers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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