51
|
Hastings RP, Totsika V, Hayden NK, Murray CA, Jess M, Langley E, Margetson JK. 1000 Families Study, a UK multiwave cohort investigating the well-being of families of children with intellectual disabilities: cohort profile. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e032919. [PMID: 32051311 PMCID: PMC7045113 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The 1000 Families Study is a large, UK-based, cohort of families of children with intellectual disability (ID). The main use of the cohort data will be to describe and explore correlates of the well-being of families of children with ID, including parents and siblings, using cross-sectional and (eventually) longitudinal analyses. The present cohort profile intends to describe the achieved cohort. PARTICIPANTS Over 1000 families of UK children with ID aged between 4 and 15 years 11 months (total n=1184) have been recruited. The mean age of the cohort was 9.01 years old. The cohort includes more boys (61.8%) than girls (27.0%; missing 11.1%). Parents reported that 45.5% (n=539) of the children have autism. Most respondents were a female primary caregiver (84.9%), and 78.0% were the biological mother of the cohort child with ID. The largest ethnic group for primary caregivers was White British (78.5%), over half were married and living with their partner (53.3%) and 39.3% were educated to degree level. FINDINGS TO DATE Data were collected on family, parental and child well-being, as well as demographic information. Wave 1 data collection took place between November 2015 and January 2017, primarily through online questionnaires. Telephone interviews were also completed by 644 primary caregivers. FUTURE PLANS Wave 2 data collection is ongoing and the research team will continue following up these families in subsequent waves, subject to funding availability. Results will be used to inform policy and practice on family and child well-being in families of children with ID. As this cohort profile aims to describe the cohort, future publications will explore relevant research questions and report key findings related to family well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard P Hastings
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vasiliki Totsika
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nikita K Hayden
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
| | - Caitlin A Murray
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
| | - Mikeda Jess
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
| | - Emma Langley
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
| | - Jane Kerry Margetson
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
- Cerebra, Carmarthen, UK
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Hu X. Chinese fathers of children with intellectual disabilities: their perceptions of the child, family functioning, and their own needs for emotional support. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 68:147-155. [PMID: 35309702 PMCID: PMC8928794 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2020.1716565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As more and more evidence accrues in support of family-centered approaches to disability services, parents' experiences raising children with disabilities is receiving increasing attention internationally. The literature on parents of children with disabilities, however-whether intellectual disability (ID) or other chronic health conditions (OCHC)-tends to focus on mothers as the primary research subject. To address the paucity of research focused on fathers' experiences of raising a child with disabilities, I surveyed over 4500 fathers of children with disabilities in Mainland China. The surveys focused on fathers' perceptions of their children, their perceptions of family functioning, and their perceptions of their own needs for emotional support. Results derived from statistical analyses of the data suggest that fathers tend to believe their children with ID are harder to raise than other children, and that they more often do things that irritate them and make them feel angry. Fathers of children with ID also tend to perceive their family functioning as somewhat problematic. Generally, these fathers are disinclined to seek emotional support from outside their families, although fathers from the majority Han population and fathers who have greater than high school education are more likely to seek support than are fathers from minority ethnic groups and fathers with lower educational background. Comparisons are made with fathers of children with OCHC. Implications of the findings are identified and lines of further research suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Hu
- Department of Special Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Arora S, Goodall S, Viney R, Einfeld S. Health-related quality of life amongst primary caregivers of children with intellectual disability. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2020; 64:103-116. [PMID: 31840365 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with intellectual disability (ID) frequently have significant educational, social and health care needs, resulting in caregivers often experiencing a wide range of negative effects. This paper aims to determine the impact of childhood ID on caregivers' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) across co-morbid diagnostic groups. The second aim of this study is to determine the risk factors associated with lower HRQoL in this population. METHODS Caregivers of a child with ID aged between 2 and 12 years old completed an online survey to determine their HRQoL using the EQ-5D-5L measure. They were also asked demographic questions and about their dependent child's level of behavioural and emotional difficulties. RESULTS Of the total sample of 634 caregivers, 604 caregivers completed all five questions of the EQ-5D-5L. The mean age of caregivers was 39.1 years and 91% were women. Caregivers spent on average 66.6 h per week caring for their child related to their child's disability. The mean EQ-5D-5L score of caregivers was 0.80 (95% confidence interval: 0.79, 0.82), which is below the estimated Australian population norms (mean utility score of 0.92) for the age-equivalent population. Caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorders reported the lowest HRQoL (0.77, 95% confidence interval: 0.74, 0.79) of the five included co-morbid diagnostic groups. Caregivers with a lower income, a perceived low level of social support and children with higher degree of behavioural and emotional problems were likely to have a statistically lower HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to produce utility values for caregivers of children with ID. The utility values can be used to compare health states and can be used to inform comparative cost-effectiveness analyses. Demonstrating that caregivers of children with ID have reduced HRQoL and that this is associated with the degree of behavioural and emotional problems has important policy implications, highlighting the potential for policy interventions that target behavioural and emotional problems to improve outcomes for caregivers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Arora
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Goodall
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R Viney
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Einfeld
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Gur A, Hijazi A, Rimmerman A. Caregiving of offspring with intellectual developmental disabilities in Israeli Jewish and Arab households: Financial and psychosocial differences. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 96:103544. [PMID: 31835166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2019.103544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research responds to the lack of evidence-based knowledge regarding the psychosocial and financial gaps among caregivers of children with intellectual disabilities living in Jewish and Arab households. It examines the financial gaps and explores whether caregivers' social economic status and households' affiliation (Jewish vs. Arab) can explain the psychosocial variables such as levels of stress, social participation types and rates, and use of public services. METHOD One hundred and twenty-five Jewish and Arab caregivers completed an income and expenditure survey, including out-of-pocket expenditures, a services use survey, a questionnaire regarding resources and stress levels, and a social participation scale. RESULTS Arab households are more likely to have a low socioeconomic status (SES) than Jewish ones, characterized by lower per capita income, less spending, fewer out-of-pocket expenditures, and less ability to deal with an unexpected expense. In respect to psychosocial measures, Arab caregivers report lower use of public services than Jewish caregivers and lean more toward contact with relatives and religious participation than do Jewish caregivers. Caregivers' social economic status and households' affiliation do not have any interaction effect on psychosocial variables. CONCLUSIONS Findings are discussed regarding research and practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Gur
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel.
| | - Ashraf Hijazi
- School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Arie Rimmerman
- School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Bjornstad G, Wilkinson K, Cuffe-Fuller B, Fitzpatrick K, Borek A, Ukoumunne OC, Hawton A, Tarrant M, Berry V, Lloyd J, McDonald A, Fredlund M, Rhodes S, Logan S, Morris C. Healthy Parent Carers peer-led group-based health promotion intervention for parent carers of disabled children: protocol for a feasibility study using a parallel group randomised controlled trial design. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2019; 5:137. [PMID: 31788323 PMCID: PMC6875041 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-019-0517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parent carers of disabled children are at increased risk of mental and physical health problems. They often experience challenges to maintaining good health which have implications for their well-being and their ability to care for their children. In response to these needs, researchers and parent carers developed the Healthy Parent Carers (HPC) programme. It is a peer-led, group-based intervention that promotes behaviours associated with health and well-being. The aims of this trial are to assess the acceptability of the HPC programme and the feasibility of its delivery in the community and to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the design of the definitive trial to evaluate the programme's effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. Methods We will establish six research sites and train facilitators to deliver the manualised intervention. Parent carers of children with special educational needs and disabilities will be individually randomised, stratified by group delivery site, to either take part in a group programme and online resources (intervention) or to receive access to the online resources only (control). Measures of mental health; well-being; health-related quality of life; health behaviours; patient activation; protective factors such as resilience, social connections, and practical support; and use of health care, social care, and wider societal resources will be collected before randomisation (baseline), immediately post-intervention, and 6 months later. Recruitment of participants, adherence to the programme, and the dose received will be assessed. Group sessions will be audio-recorded to evaluate the fidelity of delivery and participant engagement. Participants' and facilitators' feedback on the programme content and delivery, their experience, and the acceptability of the outcome measures and trial design will be collected through feedback forms, interviews, and focus groups. Discussion This trial will assess whether the programme delivery and evaluative trial design are feasible, to inform whether to progress to a definitive randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Healthy Parent Carers programme. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN151144652, registered on 25 October 2018; ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03705221, registered on 15 October 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Bjornstad
- 1Peninsula Childhood Disability Research Unit (PenCRU) and National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Kath Wilkinson
- 1Peninsula Childhood Disability Research Unit (PenCRU) and National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Beth Cuffe-Fuller
- 1Peninsula Childhood Disability Research Unit (PenCRU) and National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Katharine Fitzpatrick
- 1Peninsula Childhood Disability Research Unit (PenCRU) and National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Aleksandra Borek
- 2Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG UK
| | - Obioha C Ukoumunne
- 3National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Annie Hawton
- 4Health Economics Group, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Mark Tarrant
- 3National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Vashti Berry
- 3National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Jenny Lloyd
- 3National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Annabel McDonald
- 5PenCRU Family Faculty, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Mary Fredlund
- 5PenCRU Family Faculty, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Shelley Rhodes
- 6Exeter Clinical Trials Unit, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Stuart Logan
- 1Peninsula Childhood Disability Research Unit (PenCRU) and National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Christopher Morris
- 1Peninsula Childhood Disability Research Unit (PenCRU) and National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Dunn K, Kinnear D, Jahoda A, McConnachie A. Mental health and well-being of fathers of children with intellectual disabilities: systematic review and meta-analysis. BJPsych Open 2019; 5:e96. [PMID: 31694727 PMCID: PMC6854361 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2019.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caring for a child with intellectual disabilities can be a very rewarding but demanding experience. Research in this area has primarily focused on mothers, with relatively little attention given to the mental health of fathers. AIMS The purpose of this review was to summarise the evidence related to the mental health of fathers compared with mothers, and with fathers in the general population. METHOD A meta-analysis was undertaken of all studies published by 1 July 2018 in Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL and EMBASE, using terms on intellectual disabilities, mental health and father carers. Papers were selected based on pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS Of 5544 results, 20 studies met the inclusion criteria and 12 had appropriate data for meta-analysis. For comparisons of fathers with mothers, mothers were significantly more likely to have poor general mental health and well-being (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.38, 95% CI -0.56 to -0.20), as well as higher levels of depression (SMD, -0.46; 95% CI -0.68 to -0.24), stress (SMD, -0.32; 95% CI -0.46 to -0.19) and anxiety (SMD, -0.30; 95% CI -0.50 to -0.10). CONCLUSIONS There is a significant difference between the mental health of father and mother carers, with fathers less likely to exhibit poor mental health. However, this is based on a small number of studies. More data is needed to determine whether the general mental health and anxiety of father carers of a child with intellectual disabilities differs from fathers in the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Dunn
- Research Assistant, Mental Health and Wellbeing Group, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Deborah Kinnear
- Senior Lecturer, Mental Health and Wellbeing Group, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew Jahoda
- Professor, Mental Health and Wellbeing Group, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Alex McConnachie
- Professor, Mental Health and Wellbeing Group, University of Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Bailey T, Totsika V, Hastings RP, Hatton C, Emerson E. Developmental trajectories of behaviour problems and prosocial behaviours of children with intellectual disabilities in a population-based cohort. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019; 60:1210-1218. [PMID: 31225660 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study examined developmental trajectories of prosocial behaviours, internalising and externalising behaviour problems in children with intellectual disabilities (ID) between pre-school and middle childhood. METHOD Growth models examined the best-fitting trajectories for internalising and externalising behaviour problems, as well as prosocial behaviours, in 555 children with ID between the ages of three and 11 years from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Models were also fitted to examine the association of child outcomes with time-varying maternal psychological distress and life satisfaction. Finally, models were extended to compare trajectories with typically developing children. RESULTS Externalising behaviour problems and prosocial behaviours generally improved, whereas internalising problems did not change systematically over time. A cubic trend indicated a slowing down of improvement between ages 5 and 7 for prosocial behaviours and externalising problems. Maternal psychological distress positively co-varied with internalising and externalising behaviour problems over time. Life satisfaction was not related to changes in child behaviours over time. Compared to behavioural trajectories in typical development, intercepts were worse and trajectories also differed in the ID group. CONCLUSIONS Over an 8-year period, externalising behaviour problems and prosocial behaviours of children with ID tended to improve. These behavioural improvements slowed between five and seven years, possibly coinciding with school-related environmental changes. Children with ID significantly differ from children with typical development in both the initial level of difficulties (exhibiting higher externalising and internalising behaviours, and lower prosocial behaviours) and subsequent development as they age, showing comparatively lower decreases in both externalising and internalising behaviours, and lower increases in prosocial behaviours. Findings also highlight the significant role of maternal mental health problems in the trajectory of child behaviour problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Bailey
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal, and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Vasiliki Totsika
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal, and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.,Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard P Hastings
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal, and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chris Hatton
- Centre for Disability Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Eric Emerson
- Centre for Disability Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.,Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Strobel NA, Bourke J, Leonard H, Richardson A, Edmond KM, McAullay D. Assessing the quality, efficiency and usefulness of the Western Australian population-based Intellectual Disability Exploring Answers (IDEA) surveillance system: a surveillance system evaluation. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e026003. [PMID: 31630096 PMCID: PMC6803127 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our overall aim was to evaluate the Western Australian Intellectual Disability Exploring Answers (IDEA) surveillance system. The primary objective was to evaluate the attributes of the system. The secondary objective was to provide recommendations to data custodians and stakeholders to strengthen the system. METHOD The IDEA system was evaluated using process observation, interviews and secondary data analysis of system attributes: usefulness, simplicity, data quality, acceptability, representativeness, timeliness and stability. 2001 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines were used. RESULTS We found that the IDEA system was useful, simple, flexible, acceptable, representative, timely and stable. We compared individuals from the IDEA system (n=10 593) with those with cerebral palsy and intellectual disability (ID) (n=582) from another surveillance system. Of the 582 with cerebral palsy and ID, 501 (86.1%) were in the IDEA system and 81 (13.9%) were not. In total, 0.7% of cases (81/10674) with ID were not identified in the IDEA system. There were little differences in cases that were not identified in the IDEA system between Indigenous status, sex and place of residence. CONCLUSIONS The strengths of the IDEA system include having a high data quality resource contributing to national and international data on ID, strong government support and a dedicated management team. Output from studies linking to IDEA data have had major contributions to the international literature about ID. However, limited resources have prevented it from realising its full potential in relation to translational activities. The IDEA system is a valuable resource to address the needs of people living with ID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A Strobel
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- NCEPH, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jenny Bourke
- Telethon Kids Institute, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Helen Leonard
- Telethon Kids Institute, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alice Richardson
- NCEPH, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Karen M Edmond
- Department Of Women & Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel McAullay
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Caton S, Koivunen ER, Allison C. Internet use for family carers of people with intellectual disabilities: A literature review and thematic synthesis. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2019; 23:446-468. [PMID: 31496385 DOI: 10.1177/1744629519874214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Being a family carer can be rewarding but can also lead to mental and physical exhaustion as well as feelings of social exclusion and isolation. Research has shown that the use of the Internet and online forums can provide an immediate place to find information and reassurance and that forum use can be an empathetic place to share experiences and seek emotional support. This article details a systematic literature search of research on carers of people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism using the Internet. A thematic synthesis of the resulting papers identified that online forums give carers a sense of agency by providing a place to go for informational support that may not be elsewhere. Carers also enjoyed the safe community of solidarity and emotional support that online forums provide. An important finding is the lack of published papers in this area with the inclusion of just eight papers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sue Caton
- Manchester Metropolitan University, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
60
|
Ramasubramanian V, Chellamuthu R, Selvikumari R, Pandian PRS, Gopi R. Caregiver burden in children with intellectual disability: Does special school education help? Ind Psychiatry J 2019; 28:176-184. [PMID: 33223709 PMCID: PMC7660008 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers are playing a vital role in mentally ill patients in India. Families of children with intellectual disability encounter a high degree of stress such as physical, emotional, and financial. AIM The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the caregiver burden and depression between the special school-going children and nonschool-going children with intellectual disability. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was conducted on caregivers of patients with intellectual disability at Radianz Health Care and Research Private Limited, Ahana Hospitals, Akash Special School, and M. S. Chellamuthu Trust and Research Foundation, Madurai. The Zarit Burden Interview scale was utilized to assess the level of burden experienced by the caregivers. The Major Depression Inventory scale was utilized to assess the severity of depression experienced by the caregivers. The Binet Kamat Test of Intelligence was administered by a psychologist to assess the IQ level of the children. RESULTS Totally 80 caregivers were participated in the study. The mothers of children with intellectual disability suffered from burden and depression when compared to the fathers (P < 0.0001). The parents of nonschool-going children had a higher level of burden and depression as compared to the parents of special school-going children (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Special school is playing a vital role for children with intellectual disability. It can be reasonably concluded from the study that both the groups face burden and depression. However, the severity of burden and depression is comparatively higher among parents of nonschool-going children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R Selvikumari
- Department of Psychiatry, M. S Chellamuthu Trust and Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - R Gopi
- Department of Psychiatry, Ahana Hospitals LLP, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Totsika V, Hastings RP, Emerson E, Hatton C. Early Years Parenting Mediates Early Adversity Effects on Problem Behaviors in Intellectual Disability. Child Dev 2019; 91:e649-e664. [DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
62
|
A Nurse for Each School: Students with Disabilities and Their Health Requirements. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.577310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
63
|
Kvello M, Åvitsland TL, Knatten CK, Fyhn TJ, Malt U, Emblem R, Bjørnland K. Psychologic Distress and Anxiety in Mothers of Children With Gastroesophageal Reflux Undergoing Antireflux Surgery. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2019; 68:818-823. [PMID: 31124989 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parents of children with a chronic illness are at risk for impaired psychosocial functioning. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is such a disease, and no studies have investigated effects of antireflux surgery on parental psychological distress. The aims of this study were to assess psychological distress and state and trait anxiety in mothers of children with GERD, and to explore possible changes after antireflux surgery. METHODS Mothers of children referred for antireflux surgery were included in this prospective study. Standardized questionnaires were used to evaluate psychological distress and state and trait anxiety before and 12 months after antireflux surgery. RESULTS Of 87 eligible mothers of children with GERD, 62 (71%) agreed to participate. All children had objectively verified GERD by 24-hour pH-monitoring and/or upper gastrointestinal contrast study and unsatisfactory symptom relief of pharmacological treatment. Thirty-one (50%) mothers returned questionnaires postoperatively. Preoperatively, mothers of children undergoing antireflux surgery reported high levels of psychological distress and state anxiety, and 54% had scores indicating clinically significant psychological distress. None of the preoperative child characteristics were found to significantly influence maternal psychological distress or state anxiety. Twelve months postoperatively, both psychological distress and state anxiety were reduced. CONCLUSIONS Mothers of children undergoing antireflux surgery reported reduced levels of psychological distress and state anxiety 12 months after the operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Kvello
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery
| | | | | | | | - Ulrik Malt
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo
| | - Ragnhild Emblem
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery
| | - Kristin Bjørnland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Kimura M, Yamazaki Y. Having another child without intellectual disabilities: Comparing mothers of a single child with disability and mothers of multiple children with and without disability. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2019; 23:216-232. [PMID: 29284333 PMCID: PMC6537032 DOI: 10.1177/1744629517749129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate how having a child without a disability is related to maternal mental health and its predictors, we compared mothers of a single child with intellectual disabilities (single-child group, n = 117) and mothers of children with and without intellectual disabilities (multiple-children group, n = 457), in Japan. Compared to the multiple-children group, the single-child group had lower hope and social capital and poorer mental health; furthermore, 42.5% of them had decided not to have another child, despite desiring one. Hope was the strongest predictor of mental health in both groups but was more positively related to mental health in the multiple-children group. The fear of the possibility of the next child having a disability and receiving inadequate support were the obstacles for mothers who had decided not to have another child. Thus, greater support and more opportunities for obtaining adequate information about the implications of having another child may be needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miyako Kimura
- Miyako Kimura, Department of Preventive Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
65
|
Absoud M, Wake H, Ziriat M, Hassiotis A. Managing challenging behaviour in children with possible learning disability. BMJ 2019; 365:l1663. [PMID: 31048307 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Absoud
- Newcomen Centre at St Thomas', St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Holly Wake
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Miriam Ziriat
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
66
|
Kwon J, Kim SY, Yeob KE, Han HS, Lee KH, Shin DW, Kim YY, Park JH, Park JH. The Effect of Disability on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Myeloma in Korea: A National Cohort Study. Cancer Res Treat 2019; 52:1-9. [PMID: 31010276 PMCID: PMC6962464 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2018.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine whether the diagnosis, treatment approach, and prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) vary according to the presence and type of disability. Materials and Methods Demographic, socioeconomic, and medical data were obtained from the National Disability Database, the Korean Central Cancer Registry, and the Korean National Health Insurance claims database. An age- and sex-matched cohort was established using a 1:3 ratio constituted with 2,776,450 people with disabilities and 8,329,350 people without disabilities. Adult patients diagnosed with MM were subsequently selected from this cohort. Disabilities were categorized as physical, communication, intellectual or psychological, and affecting the major internal organs. RESULTS The cohort included 4,090 patients with MM, with a significantly lower rate per 100,000 persons among people with disabilities than among people without disabilities (29.1 vs. 39.4, p < 0.001). People with disabilities were more likely to undergo dialysis treatment at the time of diagnosis (16.3% vs. 10.0%, p < 0.001), but were less likely to undergo autologous stem cell transplantation (37.5% vs. 43.7%, p=0.072). This trend was more evident among patients with intellectual or psychological disabilities. The median overall survival among patients with disabilities was significantly shorter than that among patients without disabilities (36.8 months vs. 51.2 months, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In Korea, people with disabilities generally have a lower rate of MM diagnosis, receive less intensive treatment, and have a lower survival rate than people without disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kwon
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea,College of Medicine/Graduate School of Health Science Business Convergence, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea,T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyoung Eun Yeob
- College of Medicine/Graduate School of Health Science Business Convergence, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hye Sook Han
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ki Hyeong Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Supportive Care Center/Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea,Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Yong Kim
- Big Data Steering Department, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jong Heon Park
- Big Data Steering Department, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jong Hyock Park
- College of Medicine/Graduate School of Health Science Business Convergence, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea,T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Doherty AJ, Jones SP, Chauhan U, Gibson JME. Healthcare practitioners' views and experiences of barriers and facilitators to weight management interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2019; 32:1067-1077. [PMID: 30983088 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is common in adults with intellectual disabilities, yet little is known about how weight management interventions are provided for this population. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were held with 14 healthcare practitioners involved in weight management interventions in an English county. A study topic guide was developed to elicit practitioners' views and experiences of barriers and facilitators to weight management for adults with intellectual disabilities. Responses were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Several barriers are involved in weight management for people with intellectual disabilities including communication challenges, general practitioners' lack of knowledge and awareness of weight management services, inconsistencies in caring support, resource constraints, wider external circumstances surrounding the individuals and motivational issues. Facilitators include reasonable adjustments to existing weight management services. However, there is a need for specialist weight management provision for people with intellectual disabilities. CONCLUSIONS This study provides suggestions for future research, policy and practice consideration.
Collapse
|
68
|
Suzuki K, Takagai S, Tsujii M, Ito H, Nishimura T, Tsuchiya KJ. Sensory processing in children with autism spectrum disorder and the mental health of primary caregivers. Brain Dev 2019; 41:341-351. [PMID: 30503573 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory processing difficulties, which commonly occur in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are expected to have negative effects on the primary caregiver's mental health. The aim of this study was to examine the association between sensory processing difficulties in children with ASD and the mental health of primary caregivers. METHODS A total of 707 primary caregivers (mothers in the present study) and their children with ASD (4-18 years of age) participated in this study. Sensory processing difficulties were indexed using the Short Sensory Profile (SSP). The mental health of primary caregivers was indexed using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12). RESULTS Higher scores on Auditory Filtering as measured with the SSP were associated with poorer mental health of primary caregivers, even after an adjustment for ASD symptom severity. Analyses of two age sub-groups, a young (4-10 years) and an old age group (11-18 years), revealed that higher scores on Tactile Sensitivity and Auditory Filtering were associated with poorer mental health of primary caregivers in younger children, whereas only higher scores on Auditory Filtering were associated with poorer mental health of primary caregivers in older children. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that practitioners who support primary caregivers of children with ASD need to focus not only on the social and communication-related symptoms of the child but also on their specific sensory processing difficulties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Suzuki
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shu Takagai
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Tsujii
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Contemporary Sociology, Chukyo University, Toyota, Japan; Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ito
- College of Contemporary Education, Chubu University, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nishimura
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan; Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kenji J Tsuchiya
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan; Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Rousseau MC, Baumstarck K, Khaldi-Cherif S, Brisse C, Felce A, Moheng B, Loundou A, Billette de Villemeur T, Auquier P. Impact of severe polyhandicap on parents' quality of life: A large French cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211640. [PMID: 30716093 PMCID: PMC6361449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polyhandicap (PLH) is a condition of severe and complex disabilities and is defined by a combination of profound intellectual impairment and serious motor deficits. Parents of PLH individuals are chronically confronted with stressful situations. The aims of this study are i) to assess and compare the quality of life (QoL) of a large panel of parents of PLH individuals with age- and gender-matched controls and ii) to identify potential determinants of parents’ QoL. Method We conducted a cross-sectional study. Parents were recruited from 4 specialized rehabilitation centres, 9 residential facilities, and a specialized paediatric/neurological department. The selection criteria were age above 18 years and being the mother/father of a PLH individual. The data collected from the parents included sociodemographic, health status, and psycho-behavioural data (including QoL); additionally, the health status of the PLH individuals was collected. Results The QoL scores of all dimensions were significantly lower for parents than for controls. The main factors modulating parents’ QoL were financial issues, health status, and coping strategies. The PLH individuals’ health status was not associated with parents’ QoL. Conclusions Some QoL determinants might be amenable. These findings should help health care workers and health decision makers to implement specific and appropriate interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Rousseau
- Fédération des Hôpitaux de Polyhandicap et Multihandicap, Hôpital San Salvadour, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hyères, France.,EA 3279, Self-perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Karine Baumstarck
- EA 3279, Self-perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | - Catherine Brisse
- Comité d'Études, d'Éducation et de Soins Auprès des Personnes Polyhandicapées, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Felce
- Hôpital d'Hendaye, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hendaye, France
| | - Benjamin Moheng
- EA 3279, Self-perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Anderson Loundou
- EA 3279, Self-perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Thierry Billette de Villemeur
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC, GRC ConCer-LD, Paris, France.,Service de Neuropédiatrie-Pathologie du développement, Centre de référence des déficits intellectuels de causes rares, Hôpital Trousseau, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Polyhandicap Pédiatrique, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de La Roche Guyon, La Roche Guyon, France
| | - Pascal Auquier
- EA 3279, Self-perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
70
|
Osborn R, Roberts L, Kneebone I. Barriers to accessing mental health treatment for parents of children with intellectual disabilities: a preliminary study. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 42:2311-2317. [PMID: 30696286 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1558460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Parents of children with intellectual disability often experience heightened levels of psychological distress compared to parents of typically developing children due to increased parenting demands. Given these demands, parents may also have difficulty accessing mental health treatment for themselves. This research investigated whether parents of children with intellectual disability experience barriers in accessing mental health treatment for themselves related to the increased parenting demands of having a child with an intellectual disability.Materials and methods: 80 parents of children with intellectual disability were surveyed about barriers to accessing mental health treatment for themselves and interest in an e-treatment.Results: Parents who experienced mental health difficulties were more likely to experience barriers in accessing treatment. For parents who had experienced mental health difficulties, cost, arranging childcare, and availability of providers were significant barriers to accessing treatment. Older participants were less likely to report cost as a barrier. Participants with higher incomes were less likely to report work scheduling as a barrier. Participants reported interest in an e-treatment, with younger participants more likely to express interest.Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that parents of children with intellectual disability experience barriers to accessing treatment. Research directions include developing e-treatments for these carers.Implications for rehabilitationHaving a child with an intellectual disability is associated with increased parenting demands, and significant stress for parentsThe results of this survey suggest that for parents who are experiencing mental health difficulties, cost, arranging childcare and availability of providers may act as barriers to accessing treatment for their own mental health concernsRehabilitation professionals can assist parents in addressing these barriers and encourage parents to seek treatment for themselves by offering flexibility in appointment times, reduced cost services and options for childcareAccessible and affordable treatment options, such as e-treatments may further assist these parents in accessing care for themselves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaella Osborn
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Lynette Roberts
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Ian Kneebone
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Marquis S, Hayes MV, McGrail K. Factors Affecting the Health of Caregivers of Children Who Have an Intellectual/Developmental Disability. JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Marquis
- School of Public Health and Social PolicyUniversity of Victoria Victoria BC Canada
| | - Michael V. Hayes
- School of Public Health and Social PolicyUniversity of Victoria Victoria BC Canada
| | - Kimberlyn McGrail
- Centre for Health Services and Policy ResearchUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Bhat B, Dar S, Qadir W, Pandith M. Clinical profile and maternal depression and anxiety in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: A study from outpatient child psychiatry. ACTA MEDICA INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ami.ami_25_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
73
|
Márquez-González H, Valdez-Martinez E, Bedolla M. Hysterectomy for the Management of Menstrual Hygiene in Women With Intellectual Disability. A Systematic Review Focusing on Standards and Ethical Considerations for Developing Countries. Front Public Health 2018; 6:338. [PMID: 30547023 PMCID: PMC6279933 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Menstruation poses particular challenges for women with intellectual disability (ID). In low-and middle-income countries, where these women do not have access to facilities and resources for adequate menstrual care, hysterectomy could be considered as an ethically acceptable procedure. We conducted the first systematic review to identify what constitutes best practice for menstrual hygiene in women with ID and explored the perspectives of actors involved in the hysterectomy decision. Methods: Theory-informed mixed-method thematic systematic review with theory development. Results: Eleven ethical guidelines and 17 studies were included. Respect for autonomy and the patient's best interest were the criteria to determine what constitutes best practice. The actors' values and attitudes expressed some dimensions of existing inequities. In low-and middle-income countries, the main concern of parents was the difficulty to train their daughters about menstrual hygiene. Parents (mothers in particular) also expressed the feeling of being excessively burdened, and complained about the limitations of their support networks. Doctors perceived hysterectomy as a safe procedure and a solution for women with ID, whose menstrual hygiene is problematic. In general, the more severe or profound the level of ID, the more likely the interested parties advocated for a hysterectomy. The women with ID perceived their menstruation as a negative experience. Hence, the three parties supported hysterectomy for menstrual hygiene. Parents and doctors considered informed consent or assent (from the women with ID) as necessary and achievable. Conclusion: The international ethical guidelines suggest that non-therapeutic hysterectomy in women with ID should not and ought not to be recommended as routine and appropriate method to cope with menstrual hygiene even if it is technically safe. Although hysterectomy to cope with menstrual hygiene is still a live issue in high-, middle-, and low-income countries, in high income countries it is performed with authorization from the Court; whilst in low-and middle-income countries there is not an active involvement of the State, or financial or training support for women with ID and their carers. Hence, in low-and middle-income countries there is an urgent need to develop and enact policies and statutes in this area of public health and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Márquez-González
- Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gomez", Mexico City, Mexico.,Congenital Heart Disease Department, Cardiology Hospital, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edith Valdez-Martinez
- Health Research Council of the Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Bedolla
- Policy Studies Center of the College of Public Policy, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Nam JY, Choi Y, Jung MK, Shin J, Cho KH, Kim W, Park EC. The effect of neonatal hypothyroidism and low family income on intellectual disability: A population-based cohort study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205955. [PMID: 30403688 PMCID: PMC6221285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate relationships among neonatal hypothyroidism, family income, and intellectual disability, as well as the combined effects of neonatal hypothyroidism and low family income on intellectual disability. METHODS Data were extracted from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort from 2002 to 2011. This retrospective study included 91,247 infants. The presence of intellectual disability was based on the disability evaluation system in Korea. Newborn hypothyroidism was identified from diagnosis and prescription codes. Family income was determined from average monthly insurance premiums. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios. RESULTS Of the 91,247 infants, 208 were considered to have intellectual disability (29.18 cases per 100,000 person-year). The risk of intellectual disability was higher in infants with hypothyroidism than in those without hypothyroidism (hazard ratio = 5.28, P: < .0001). The risk of intellectual disability was higher in infants with low family income than in those with high family income (hazard ratio = 2.32, P: < .0001). The risk of intellectual disability was higher in infants with hypothyroidism and low family income than in those without hypothyroidism and with high family income (hazard ratio = 36.05, P: < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Neonatal hypothyroidism and low family income were associated with the risk of intellectual disability in Korea. Additionally, neonatal hypothyroidism and low family income significantly increased the risk of intellectual disability. Public health policymakers should consider providing additional resources for alleviating neonatal hypothyroidism among low-income families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Nam
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Choi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mo Kyung Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Bundang Cha Medical Center, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Hee Cho
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woorim Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Jess M, Totsika V, Hastings RP. Maternal Stress and the Functions of Positivity in Mothers of Children with Intellectual Disability. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2018; 27:3753-3763. [PMID: 30369780 PMCID: PMC6182712 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-018-1186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although mothers raising children with Intellectual Disability (ID) report poorer mental health than parents raising typically developing children, they also report feelings of positivity; both generally and specific to their child. To date little is known about the function of maternal positivity thus, we explored the putative compensatory and protective functions of maternal positivity, within both a cross-sectional and one-year longitudinal framework that examined the relationship between children's behaviour and mental health problems with maternal mental health problems. Participants included 135 mothers of children with severe ID who were between 3 and 18 years of age. Multiple linear regression models investigated the potential function of maternal positivity. At a cross-sectional level, maternal positivity was found to be a significant independent predictor of maternal stress and moderated the impact of child behaviour problems on maternal parenting stress. Longitudinally, maternal positivity did not have a direct effect on later parenting stress nor function as a moderator. Findings from our cross-sectional analysis are consistent with the view that positivity serves a compensatory function. Further exploration is needed to understand the longitudinal function of maternal positivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikeda Jess
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - Vasiliki Totsika
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - Richard P Hastings
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR), University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Kish AM, Newcombe PA, Haslam DM. Working and caring for a child with chronic illness: A review of current literature. Child Care Health Dev 2018; 44:343-354. [PMID: 29341191 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in medical knowledge have contributed to the increase in the number of children living with some form of long-term chronic illness or condition. As a consequence of these advancements, treatments that are more accessible and easier to administer, usually within a child's home, have been developed. However, this may mean that parents take on greater treatment responsibility and require extra time and energy to meet these tasks, additional to other responsibilities. This review paper aims to summarize and critique existing literature on working parents of children with a chronic condition, by focusing on patterns of parent work, the challenges experienced, and the flow-on consequences to well-being. METHODS Employing a narrative, meta-synthesis of the current literature, this review identified 3 key themes related to working parents of children with chronic illness. RESULTS The paper first identifies that although employment is less common, these parents are not necessarily nonworking. Second, these parents experience numerous challenges including balancing work and family, time constraints, stress, and feelings of "doing it all." And third, the above challenges lead to additional impacts on parental quality of life. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes what is currently known about work patterns, challenges, and consequences in parents of children with chronic conditions. Employment is clearly impacted for these parents. Although workplace challenges have been extensively researched, other challenges (eg, personal and family) and impacts on their well-being have not. This review discusses the present standing of this research. It outlines the strengths and limitations of the current literature, makes recommendations for future research, and suggests theoretical and practical implications of the further findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Kish
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - P A Newcombe
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - D M Haslam
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Robinson S, Fraser-Thomas JL, Balogh R, Lunsky Y, Weiss JA. Individual and Contextual Correlates of Frequently Involved Special Olympics Athletes. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 123:164-175. [PMID: 29480776 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-123.2.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
It is important to understand factors associated with sport participation for youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). With a sample of 414 Special Olympics (SO) athletes, this study examined how frequently involved athletes differ from other youth who are less involved in SO. Results showed that frequently involved athletes are older, have more sport-specific parental support, stronger athlete-coach relationships, and more positive SO experiences than other athletes. These factors were predictive of SO involvement, even after controlling for athlete characteristics, including behavior problems and adaptive behavior. Athletes with IDD have the potential to be highly involved in sports when external supports (i.e., coaches and parents) are strong.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Balogh
- Robert Balogh, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Canada; and
| | - Yona Lunsky
- Yona Lunsky, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Jonathan A. Weiss, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan A Weiss
- Yona Lunsky, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Jonathan A. Weiss, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Borek AJ, McDonald B, Fredlund M, Bjornstad G, Logan S, Morris C. Healthy Parent Carers programme: development and feasibility of a novel group-based health-promotion intervention. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:270. [PMID: 29458355 PMCID: PMC5819077 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parent carers of disabled children report poor physical health and mental wellbeing. They experience high levels of stress and barriers to engagement in health-related behaviours and with ‘standard’ preventive programmes (e.g. weight loss programmes). Interventions promoting strategies to improve health and wellbeing of parent carers are needed, tailored to their specific needs and circumstances. Methods We developed a group-based health promotion intervention for parent carers by following six steps of the established Intervention Mapping approach. Parent carers co-created the intervention programme and were involved in all stages of the development and testing. We conducted a study of the intervention with a group of parent carers to examine the feasibility and acceptability. Standardised questionnaires were used to assess health and wellbeing pre and post-intervention and at 2 month follow up. Participants provided feedback after each session and took part in a focus group after the end of the programme. Results The group-based Healthy Parent Carers programme was developed to improve health and wellbeing through engagement with eight achievable behaviours (CLANGERS – Connect, Learn, be Active, take Notice, Give, Eat well, Relax, Sleep), and by promoting empowerment and resilience. The manualised intervention was delivered by two peer facilitators to a group of seven parent carers. Feedback from participants and facilitators was strongly positive. The study was not powered or designed to test effectiveness but changes in measures of participants’ wellbeing and depression were in a positive direction both at the end of the intervention and 2 months later which suggest that there may be a potential to achieve benefit. Conclusions The Healthy Parent Carers programme appears feasible and acceptable. It was valued by, and was perceived to have benefited participants. The results will underpin future refinement of the intervention and plans for evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra J Borek
- Peninsula Cerebra Research Unit (PenCRU), University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Bel McDonald
- Peninsula Cerebra Research Unit (PenCRU) Family Faculty, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Mary Fredlund
- Peninsula Cerebra Research Unit (PenCRU) Family Faculty, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Gretchen Bjornstad
- Peninsula Cerebra Research Unit (PenCRU), University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Stuart Logan
- Peninsula Cerebra Research Unit (PenCRU), University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Christopher Morris
- Peninsula Cerebra Research Unit (PenCRU), University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Yang YM, Kim JI. Lived Experience of the Mother's Caring of Adult Children with Persistent Vegetative State. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2017; 23:287-298. [PMID: 37684907 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2017.23.4.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to deepen understanding the nature of the care experience by the mothers with adult children in persistent vegetative state. METHODS Participants were 7 mothers caring for their adult children in persistent vegetative state. Data were collected individually through in-depth interviews on their lived experiences. Also texts were included as data from literary works, novels, movies, essays, and arts containing on patients with persistent vegetative state and their mothers. Data were analyzed by van Manen's phenomenological methodology. RESULTS The essential themes of caring experiences of the mothers were as follows. The theme in relation to lived time has shown as back to the past and caring experience related lived body has emerged as locked the body in children. The theme related lived space was getting into the swamp and the theme in lived others was derived as lonely struggle into. CONCLUSION The nature of mothers' caring experiences for adult children in persistent vegetative state is summarized as 'Do not off hand of hope in a locked state'. This study suggests long-term supports are necessary for mothers to care persistent vegetative state children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Mi Yang
- Department of Nursing, Backsuk University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jeung Im Kim
- Department of Nursing, Backsuk University, Cheonan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Seymour M, Giallo R, Wood CE. The psychological and physical health of fathers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder compared to fathers of children with long-term disabilities and fathers of children without disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 69:8-17. [PMID: 28778051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psychological and physical health of fathers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is under-researched. Due to the unique parenting demands, fathers of children with ASD may be at increased risk of experiencing psychological and physical health difficulties compared to fathers of children without disabilities (W/OD) and fathers of children with other long-term disabilities (LTD). What little research there is on fathers of children with ASD is often conducted on small clinical samples, or embeds the experiences of fathers within other groups. AIM The current study aimed to explore the extent to which fathers of children with ASD experience psychological distress and physical health issues (e.g., general health, smoking, chronic pain) compared to fathers of children W/OD and fathers of children with a LTD. METHOD From a large, nationally representative sample of children, 159 fathers of children with ASD were identified, along with 45 fathers of children with a LTD and 6578 fathers of children W/OD. RESULTS The majority of fathers were experiencing good psychological and physical health. Approximately 1 in 6 fathers of children with ASD were experiencing elevated levels of psychological distress and poor global health, and were at significantly greater risk than fathers of children W/OD; although these differences were not found compared to fathers of children with a LTD. CONCLUSIONS Some fathers of children with ASD may require additional support which not only focuses on their psychological wellbeing but also fathers' physical health. The current findings encourage health services to check-in with, or reach-out to fathers as they too may require additional support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique Seymour
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia; Healthy Mothers Healthy Families, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
| | - Rebecca Giallo
- Healthy Mothers Healthy Families, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
| | - Catherine E Wood
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Zeedyk SM, Blacher J. Longitudinal Correlates of Maternal Depression Among Mothers of Children With or Without Intellectual Disability. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 122:374-391. [PMID: 28846040 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-122.5.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study identified trajectories of depressive symptoms among mothers of children with or without intellectual disability longitudinally across eight time points. Results of fitting a linear growth model to the data from child ages 3-9 indicated that child behavior problems, negative financial impact, and low dispositional optimism all significantly related to initial maternal depressive symptoms. Child behavior problems were significantly associated with changes in depressive symptoms over time, relating above and beyond child disability status. When looking from late childhood into early adolescence, hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed that maternal depressive symptoms at child age 9 and perceived financial impact significantly related to maternal depressive symptoms at child age 13. Implications for practice and future research directions are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasha M Zeedyk
- Sasha M. Zeedyk, California State University, Fullerton, and Jan Blacher, University of California, Riverside
| | - Jan Blacher
- Sasha M. Zeedyk, California State University, Fullerton, and Jan Blacher, University of California, Riverside
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Ó Donnchadha S. Stress in caregivers of individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities: A systematic review of mindfulness-based interventions. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2017; 31:181-192. [PMID: 28833964 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for stress and psychological distress in professional caregivers supporting individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDDs) is reviewed. METHODS Eight studies met inclusion criteria and were systematically reviewed, including RCTs and single-group designs. RESULTS As per Reichow, Volkmar, and Cicchetti (Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 2008), three studies were classified as "adequate quality" and five were classified as "weak." There were inconsistent findings in relation to stress, with significant reductions or increases reported by caregivers following MBIs. MBIs consistently improved caregivers' ratings of distress. Process outcomes suggested increased mindful awareness, increased cognitive defusion and reduced thought suppression. Treatment effects were maintained or continued to grow at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Caregivers of individuals with IDDs face multiple challenges on a daily basis. This review supports, at least, short-term benefits for MBIs in the management of stress and distress in caregivers of individuals with IDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seán Ó Donnchadha
- School of Psychology, College of Social Sciences and Law, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.,Department of Clinical Psychology, Health Service Executive, Dublin North East, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Houtkamp EO, van der Molen MJ, de Voogd EL, Salemink E, Klein AM. The relation between social anxiety and biased interpretations in adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 67:94-98. [PMID: 28672178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive theories of anxiety emphasize the importance of cognitive processes in the onset and maintenance of anxiety disorders. However, little is known about these processes in children and adolescents with Mild Intellectual Disabilities (MID). AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate interpretation bias and its content-specificity in adolescents with MID who varied in their levels of social anxiety. METHOD AND PROCEDURES In total, 631 adolescents from seven special secondary schools for MID filled in questionnaires to measure their levels of social anxiety. They also completed the Interpretation Recognition Task to measure how they interpret ambiguous situations. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Adolescents with higher self-reported levels of social anxiety interpreted ambiguous scenarios as more negative than adolescents with lower self-reported social anxiety. Furthermore, this negative interpretation was specific for social situations; social anxiety was only associated with ambiguous social anxiety-related scenarios, but not with other anxiety-related scenarios. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings support the hypothesis that socially anxious adolescents with MID display an interpretation bias that is specific for stimuli that are relevant for their own anxiety. This insight is useful for improving treatments for anxious adolescents with MID by targeting content-specific interpretation biases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther O Houtkamp
- Clinical, Neuro, and Developmental Psychology, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | - E Leone de Voogd
- Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elske Salemink
- Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anke M Klein
- Clinical, Neuro, and Developmental Psychology, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Rousseau MC, Baumstarck K, Leroy T, Khaldi-Cherif C, Brisse C, Boyer L, Resseguier N, Morando C, Billette De Villemeur T, Auquier P. Impact of caring for patients with severe and complex disabilities on health care workers' quality of life: determinants and specificities. Dev Med Child Neurol 2017; 59:732-737. [PMID: 28432687 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.13428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Individuals with severe and complex disabilities, defined by a combination of profound intellectual impairment and serious motor deficit resulting in extreme dependence, often remain in hospital or at residential facilities. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of quality of life (QoL) of 238 health care workers (HCWs) caring for individuals with severe and complex disabilities. METHOD We conducted a cross-sectional study. The recruitment of the HCWs was performed in five French centres specializing in patients with severe and complex disabilities. The selection criteria were age above 18 years, being an institutional referent HCW (a resource person coordinating various issues for or about the patient), and agreeing to participate. Sociodemographic, health, professional variables, and psycho-behavioural (QoL, burn-out, and coping strategies) data were collected. RESULTS Of the 362 eligible HCWs, 65.7% returned the questionnaires. The scores of the physical and social dimensions of QoL were significantly lower, and the score of the psychological dimension significantly higher, than those of a comparison group. The main factors modulating QoL were age, financial difficulties, nature of coping strategy, and burn-out. INTERPRETATION This research provides preliminary evidence that caring for patients with severe and complex disabilities affects the QoL of HCWs. These results support the need for optimization of the work environments for HCWs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Rousseau
- Fédération des Hôpitaux de Polyhandicap et Multihandicap Hôpital San Salvadour, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hyères, France.,Self-Perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Karine Baumstarck
- Self-Perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Tanguy Leroy
- Groupe de Recherche de Psychologie Sociale (GRePS), Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | | | - Catherine Brisse
- Comité d'Études, d'Éducation et de Soins Auprès des Personnes Polyhandicapées, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Self-Perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Noémie Resseguier
- Self-Perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Claire Morando
- Self-Perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Thierry Billette De Villemeur
- Service de Neuropédiatrie et Polyhandicap Pédiatrique, Hôpital Trousseau, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Auquier
- Self-Perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, School of Medicine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Benson PR. The impact of child and family stressors on the self-rated health of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder: Associations with depressed mood over a 12-year period. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1362361317697656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Employing a cohort sequential design and multilevel modeling, the effects of child and family stressors and maternal depressed mood on the self-rated health of 110 mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder were assessed over a 12-year period when children in the study were 7–19 years old. Findings indicate a significant decline in self-rated health over time. In addition, child and family stressors, as well as maternal depressed mood, exerted significant between-persons effects on self-rated health such that mothers who reported more stressors and depressed mood across the study period were less likely to rate themselves in better health across that period. In addition, a significant within-person relationship between maternal depressed mood and self-rated health was found, indicating that at times when mothers reported higher levels of depressed mood than usual (their personal average across the study), they were significantly less likely to report better self-rated health. Finally, maternal depressed mood partially mediated the between-persons effects of child and family stressors on self-rated health such that increased stressors led to increased maternal depressed mood which, in turn, led to poorer maternal self-rated health. Findings suggest that chronic stressors erode maternal health over time and that depression may be an important mechanism linking stressors to decreased maternal health.
Collapse
|
86
|
Halstead EJ, Griffith GM, Hastings RP. Social support, coping, and positive perceptions as potential protective factors for the well-being of mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 64:288-296. [PMID: 34141317 PMCID: PMC8115529 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2017.1329192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Behavioral and emotional problems exhibited by children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have been identified as significant stressors for family members in both cross-sectional and longitudinal research. However, there is variability in the extent to which family members are affected by behavioral and emotional problems. In the present study, we explored whether perceived social support, positive perceptions, or coping style explain some of this variability and specifically whether these three variables function as protective factors. Methods: One hundred and thirty-eight mothers of children aged between four and 18 years old with IDD participated in a cross-sectional survey. Results: Using moderated multiple regression models, we found consistent evidence that perceived social support functioned as a protective factor - affecting the relationship between child behavioral and emotional problems and maternal depression, life satisfaction, and positive affect. There was no evidence that coping and positive perceptions acted as a protective factors. Conclusion: Building social support through parental interventions, especially in families of children with behavioral and emotional problems, may result in improved well-being for mothers of children with IDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gemma M. Griffith
- Centre for Mindfulness Research and Practice, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Richard P. Hastings
- CEDAR (Centre for Educational Development Appraisal and Research), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Guyard A, Michelsen SI, Arnaud C, Fauconnier J. Family adaptation to cerebral palsy in adolescents: A European multicenter study. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 61:138-150. [PMID: 28087202 PMCID: PMC5667745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Factors promoting family adaptation to child's disability are poorly studied together. The aim of the study was to describe the family adaptation to disability and to identify determinants associated with using a global theoretical model. MATERIALS AND METHODS 286 families of teenagers [13-17 years] with cerebral palsy (CP) from 4 European disability registers were included and visited at home. Face to face interviews were performed in order to measure parental distress, perceived impact in various dimensions of family life, family resources and stressors. Relationships were modelled with structural equations. RESULTS 31.8% of parents living with an adolescent with CP showed clinically significant high stress requiring professional assistance. The main stressors were the level of motor impairment and behavioural disorders in adolescent. A good family functioning was the best protective factor. Respite in care and a parents' positive attitude were significantly related to less parental distress. Material support, socioeconomical level, marital status or parental qualifications did not appear to be significant protector factors. CONCLUSIONS Particular attention must be paid not only on physical condition but also on adolescent psychological problems to improve family adaptation. Families at risk of experiencing severe distress should be targeted early and proactive caregiver interventions on the whole family should be performed. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Family is a dynamic system: facing disability, it tries to recover its balance with available resources and its perception of the situation. Literature highlights potential stressors and protecting factors that could affect the disabled child's family adaptation but few papers study a global model including most of these factors. This study validated a global theoretical model of family adaptation to disability at adolescence. It identified behaviour disorders and motor impairment level as main stressors, family functioning as the largest protecting factors, and equipment and financial support as non significant protective factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Guyard
- UGA/CNRS/CHU de Grenoble, TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525, Themas, Grenoble F-38041, France.
| | - Susan I Michelsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Oster Farimagsgade 5, 1399 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Catherine Arnaud
- INSERM, UMR 1027, Paul Sabatier University, 31000 Toulouse, France.
| | - Jerome Fauconnier
- UGA/CNRS/CHU de Grenoble, TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525, Themas, Grenoble F-38041, France.
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Anclair M, Hjärthag F, Hiltunen AJ. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Mindfulness for Health-Related Quality of Life: Comparing Treatments for Parents of Children with Chronic Conditions - A Pilot Feasibility Study. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2017; 13:1-9. [PMID: 28217146 PMCID: PMC5301303 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901713010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Research on parents of children with chronic conditions has shown that this parent group frequently suffers from psychological problems such as deteriorating life quality and stress-related disorders. Objective: The present feasibility study focuses on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) and life satisfaction of parents of children with chronic conditions. Method: The study was conducted using a repeated measures design and applied either group-based cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT; n = 10) or a group-based mindfulness programme (MF; n = 9). The study participants were wait-listed for six months. Results: The results indicate improvements for participants in both treatment groups regarding certain areas of HRQOL and life satisfaction. After eight group therapy sessions, parents in the two treatment groups significantly improved their Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores as well as their scores on the mental subscales Vitality, Social functioning, Role emotional and Mental health. In addition, some of the physical subscales, Role physical, Bodily pain and General health, showed considerable improvement for the MF group. When testing for clinical significance by comparing the samples with mean values of a norm population, the MCS scores were significantly lower at pre-measurements, but no significant differences were observed post-measurement. For the Physical component summary (PCS) scores, a significantly higher score was observed at post-measurement when compared to the norm population. Moreover, the results indicate improvement in life satisfaction regarding Spare time, Relation to child and Relation to partner. Conclusion: The study concludes that CBT and mindfulness may have a positive effect on areas of HRQOL and life satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malin Anclair
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Section of Psychology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Hjärthag
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Section of Psychology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Arto Juhani Hiltunen
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Section of Psychology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Trzebiński J, Wołowicz-Ruszkowska A, Wójcik AD. The Impact of Self-Narratives of Motherhood for Mothers of Children with Autism. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1899. [PMID: 27994568 PMCID: PMC5136541 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to identify the impact of a narrative construction of a life challenge - discovering to have a child with autism - on the meaning of life and on resources for coping depending on the challenge’s novelty, i.e., the number of years from the diagnosis. Three hundred and sixty four mothers of children with autism participated in a long-term 3 × 2 experiment. Half of the mothers had children with autism at the age of 9–12 years. For the remaining half, having children with autism was a new and stressful life situation. Their children were 2–3 years old and just diagnosed by a medical center as having autism spectrum disorder. The mothers were assigned to one of three study conditions: they were either asked to write stories of their motherhood or to describe their children’s behavior on a questionnaire or they did not participate in any tasks. One month and then 4 months after this task the participants completed measures of meaning of life and several well-being scales. The results indicated that following the narrative writing the participants had the highest scores on the meaning of life and well-being scales. This affect was sustained over 4 months and was significant only for mothers with older children. The mediation analysis showed that the effects of the experimental conditions on different well-being scales were mediated by the changes in perceived meaning of life. The results suggest that construction of self-narratives of difficult ongoing challenges facilitates meaning making and subsequently strengthens resources for coping. However, it seems that a meaning-making construction of such self-story may be blocked by the uncertainty and stress caused by novelty of the challenging situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Trzebiński
- Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
90
|
The Longitudinal Effects of Network Characteristics on the Mental Health of Mothers of Children with ASD: The Mediating Role of Parent Cognitions. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 46:1699-715. [PMID: 26810434 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Employing a cohort sequential design, the effects of network characteristics on maternal cognitions (perceived social support and parenting self-efficacy) and mental health (depression and well-being) were assessed over 7 years when children with ASD of mothers in the study were age 7-14. Findings indicated that network size, network emotional support, and network instrumental support were positively related to perceived support, while network availability and emotional support were positively linked to self-efficacy. In addition, network support exerted direct and indirect effects on maternal depression and well-being, with cognitive resources mediating the social network-mental health relationship. Finally, consistent with the support-efficacy model, parenting efficacy partially mediated the effects of perceived support on maternal mental health outcomes. Study findings and implications are discussed.
Collapse
|
91
|
Kimura M, Yamazaki Y. Mental health and positive change among Japanese mothers of children with intellectual disabilities: Roles of sense of coherence and social capital. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2016; 59:43-54. [PMID: 27497373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated predictors of mental health and positive change among mothers of children with intellectual disabilities in Japan based on the concept of the Double ABCX model. We used variables of having a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and dissatisfaction with systems as stressors, availability of social support and social capital (SC) as existing resources, sense of coherence (SOC) as appraisal of the stressor, and mental health and positive change as adaptation. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 10 intellectual disability-oriented special needs schools in Tokyo, and obtained 613 responses from mothers of children under age 20 attending these schools. The results showed that our Double ABCX model explained 46.0% of the variance in mothers' mental health and 38.9% of the variance in positive change. The most powerful predictor of this model was SOC, and SC may be directly and indirectly related to maternal mental health and positive change through mothers' SOC. Increasing opportunity for interaction between neighbors and family of children with disabilities may be one effective way to enhance SOC through SC. Since maternal SOC, SC, mental health, and positive change were significantly correlated with each other, synergy among these elements could be expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miyako Kimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiko Yamazaki
- Faculty of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Okuda, Mihama-cho, Chita-gun, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Kerr M, Linehan C, Brandt C, Kanemoto K, Kawasaki J, Sugai K, Tadokoro Y, Villanueva V, Wilmshurst J, Wilson S. Behavioral disorder in people with an intellectual disability and epilepsy: A report of the Intellectual Disability Task Force of the Neuropsychiatric Commission of ILAE. Epilepsia Open 2016; 1:102-111. [PMID: 29588933 PMCID: PMC5719831 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The management and needs of people with intellectual disability (ID) and epilepsy are well evidenced; less so, the comorbidity of behavioral disorder in this population. "Behavioral disorder" is defined as behaviors that are difficult or disruptive, including stereotypes, difficult or disruptive behavior, aggressive behavior toward other people, behaviors that lead to injury to self or others, and destruction of property. These have an important link to emotional disturbance. This report, produced by the Intellectual Disability Task Force of the Neuropsychiatric Commission of the ILAE, aims to provide a brief review of some key areas of concern regarding behavioral disorder among this population and proposes a range of research and clinical practice recommendations generated by task force members. The areas covered in this report were identified by experts in the field as being of specific relevance to the broad epilepsy community when considering behavioral disorder in persons with epilepsy and ID; they are not intended to be exhaustive. The practice recommendations are based on the authors' review of the limited research in this field combined with their experience supporting this population. These points are not graded but can be seen as expert opinion guiding future research and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mike Kerr
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeuroscienceCardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - Christine Linehan
- UCD Centre for Disability StudiesUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
- Tizard CentreUniversity of KentCanterburyUnited Kingdom
| | - Christian Brandt
- Department of General EpileptologyBethel Epilepsy CentreMara HospitalBielefeldGermany
| | | | | | - Kenji Sugai
- Department of Child NeurologyNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryKodairaJapan
| | - Yukari Tadokoro
- Department of NeuropsychiatryAichi Medical UniversityAichiJapan
| | - Vicente Villanueva
- Multidisciplinary Epilepsy UnitNeurology ServiceUniversity Hospital and Polytechnic La FeValenciaSpain
| | - Jo Wilmshurst
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Paediatrics and Child HealthRed Cross War Memorial Children's HospitalUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Sarah Wilson
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciencesthe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Comprehensive Epilepsy ProgramAustin HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Patton KA, Ware R, McPherson L, Emerson E, Lennox N. Parent-Related Stress of Male and Female Carers of Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities and Carers of Children within the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Comparison. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2016; 31:51-61. [DOI: 10.1111/jar.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiri A. Patton
- School of Psychology; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Brisbane Qld Australia
| | - Robert Ware
- Queensland Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability; The University of Queensland; Mater Hospital; Raymond Terrace; South Brisbane Qld Australia
- School of Population Health; The University of Queensland; Herston Qld Australia
| | - Lyn McPherson
- Queensland Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability; The University of Queensland; Mater Hospital; Raymond Terrace; South Brisbane Qld Australia
| | - Eric Emerson
- Centre for Disability Research & Policy; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
- Centre for Disability Research; Lancaster University; UK
| | - Nicholas Lennox
- Queensland Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability; The University of Queensland; Mater Hospital; Raymond Terrace; South Brisbane Qld Australia
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
van Nimwegen KJM, Kievit W, van der Wilt GJ, Schieving JH, Willemsen MAAP, Donders ART, Verhaak CM, Grutters JPC. Parental quality of life in complex paediatric neurologic disorders of unknown aetiology. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2016; 20:723-31. [PMID: 27321953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Complex paediatric neurology (CPN) patients generally present with non-specific symptoms, such as developmental delay, impaired movement and epilepsy. The diagnostic trajectory in these disorders is usually complicated and long-lasting, and may be burdensome to the patients and their parents. Additionally, as caring for a chronically ill child can be stressful and demanding, parents of these patients may experience impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aims to assess parental HRQoL and factors related to it in CPN. Physical and mental HRQoL of 120 parents was measured and compared to the general population using the SF-12 questionnaire. Parents also completed this questionnaire for the measurement of patient HRQoL. Additional questionnaires were used to measure parental uncertainty (Visual Analogue Scale) and worry phenomena (Penn State Worry Questionnaire), and to obtain socio-demographic data. A linear mixed model with random effect was used to investigate which of these variables were associated with parental HRQoL. As compared to the general population, HRQoL of these parents appeared diminished. Fathers showed both lowered physical (51.76, p < 0.05) and mental (49.41, p < 0.01) HRQoL, whereas mothers only showed diminished mental (46.46, p < 0.01) HRQoL. Patient HRQoL and parental worry phenomena were significantly correlated with overall and mental parental HRQoL. The reduction in parental mental HRQoL is alarming, also because children strongly rely on their parents and parental mental health is known to influence children's health. Awareness of these problems among clinicians, and supportive care if needed are important to prevent exacerbation of the problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K J M van Nimwegen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - W Kievit
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - G J van der Wilt
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - J H Schieving
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - M A A P Willemsen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - A R T Donders
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - C M Verhaak
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Medical Psychology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - J P C Grutters
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Manor-Binyamini I, Nator M. Parental coping with adolescent developmental disabilities in terms of stress, sense of coherence and hope within the Druze community of Israel. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2016; 55:358-367. [PMID: 27228006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have examined the coping resources of parents of children with disabilities but most have involved Western families and only a few refer to unique and traditional cultures. AIM This study sought to compare Druze parents of adolescents with and without developmental disabilities (DD) in the context of Druze traditions and beliefs and whether they may lead to better coping by parents of a child with DD. The study used the measures of stress; sense of coherence (SOC) - an orientation towards the world which reflects an ongoing confidence that things fall into place in a logical and meaningful way; and hope. METHODS AND PROCEDURES The sample group consisted of 99 Druze parents of adolescents with and without DD enrolled in regular and special schools in Israel. The parents were asked to complete four questionnaires on demography, stress, SOC (Sense of coherence) and hope. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS The research findings indicate a higher sense of parental stress and a lower overall SOC, particularly meaningfulness, and hope among parents of adolescents with DD. There was no difference between the two groups of parents with respect to marital, economic and overall stress or in the other two components of SOC. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The results of the study partly contradict the assumption in the limited literature about Druze that they may cope better with life stressors as a result of their traditions and beliefs. The results also indicate the need for further research and culturally-based intervention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Manor-Binyamini
- Department of Special Education, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
| | - Maha Nator
- Department of Special Education, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Wendelborg C, Tøssebro J. Self-reported health and sickness benefits among parents of children with a disability. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF DISABILITY RESEARCH : SJDR 2016; 18:210-221. [PMID: 27635119 PMCID: PMC5006667 DOI: 10.1080/15017419.2015.1063544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This article investigates the possible consequences in self-reported health and receipt of sickness benefits when parenting a child with a disability This study uses data from the population health study, The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT 2), and the historical event database, FD-Trygd, which contains Social Security and national insurance data for the Norwegian population. In the analysis, we compare 1587 parents of a child with a disability to other parents. Results indicate that parenting a disabled child impacts on self-reported health, particularly among mothers; however, being a parent to a disabled child has a much stronger effect in explaining the variance in received sickness benefits, and also length of time and frequency of having received sickness benefits. Parents with disabled children report just slightly lower self-reported health but are on sickness benefits more often than other parents which may be attributed to their extended care responsibilities.
Collapse
|
97
|
Bromley J, Hare DJ, Davison K, Emerson E. Mothers supporting children with autistic spectrum disorders. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2016; 8:409-23. [PMID: 15556959 DOI: 10.1177/1362361304047224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Parents of children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs) are more likely to experience serious psychological distress than parents of children with other developmental disabilities. To examine the impact of a range of factors on psychological wellbeing, interviews were undertaken with 68 mothers of children with ASDs to explore aspects of social support, mental health status and satisfaction with services. Findings indicated that over half of mothers screened positive for significant psychological distress and that this was associated with low levels of family support and with bringing up a child with higher levels of challenging behaviour. Mothers were more likely to report lower levels of support if they were a lone parent, were living in poor housing, or were the mother of a boy with ASD. The study also investigated areas of useful support and areas of unmet need, the latter including care breaks and advice needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jo Bromley
- Central Manchester and Manchester Children's University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
98
|
Dawson F, Shanahan S, Fitzsimons E, O'Malley G, Mac Giollabhui N, Bramham J. The impact of caring for an adult with intellectual disability and psychiatric comorbidity on carer stress and psychological distress. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2016; 60:553-563. [PMID: 27028105 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that carers of individuals with intellectual disability (ID) and carers of individuals with psychiatric disorders experience elevated levels of stress and psychological distress, carers of individuals with both ID and a comorbid psychiatric disorder are potentially at even greater risk for psychological difficulties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychological well-being of carers of adults with a dual diagnosis compared with carers of adults with intellectual disability alone. METHOD Four-hundred and forty-two questionnaires were sent to four community services and seventy-five family carers of adults with intellectual disability responded. Psychological well-being of carers was assessed using the Questionnaire on Resources and Stress - Friedrich edition (QRS-F) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Comorbid psychopathology for their family member with ID was assessed using the Reiss Screen for Maladaptive Behaviour (RSMB). RESULTS Twenty-four percent of the individuals with ID were reported to have comorbid psychopathology. Between-group analyses compared carers of people with ID and comorbid psychopathology to carers of people with ID alone. Regression analyses examined the relationship between psychopathology and other care-related variables to carer stress and psychological distress. Carers of people with ID and comorbid psychopathology were found to have significantly higher levels of stress and psychological distress than carers of people with ID alone. Autism was found to be the only significant predictor of both stress and psychological distress among measures of psychopathology. CONCLUSIONS Additional comorbid psychopathology in individuals with intellectual disability has a significant impact on their carers' psychological well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Dawson
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - S Shanahan
- St John of God Kildare Services, Celbridge, Ireland
| | - E Fitzsimons
- St John of God Carmona Services, Dun Laoghaire, Ireland
| | - G O'Malley
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - N Mac Giollabhui
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - J Bramham
- UCD School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Weiss JA, Ting V, Perry A. Psychosocial correlates of psychiatric diagnoses and maladaptive behaviour in youth with severe developmental disability. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2016; 60:583-593. [PMID: 27073035 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We know little about the correlates of mental health problems in youth with severe and profound intellectual disability (ID), as most research includes these youth within larger samples that include greater proportions of mild and moderate disability. The purpose of the current study was to identify the child, family and psychosocial characteristics that were associated with the presence of psychiatric diagnoses and maladaptive behaviour in youth with severe ID. METHODS Participants were 141 parents of youth with severe or profound levels of ID, 4 to 18 years of age. The mean age of children was 11.04 years (SD = 3.38), with 68% male and 39% with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Parents completed a primarily online survey of child and family characteristics, negative life events, family quality of life and their own mental health. RESULTS Logistic regression analyses revealed that youth with a psychiatric diagnosis had higher levels of adaptive behaviour and experienced more negative life events than youth without psychiatric diagnosis, while the presence of clinically significant maladaptive behaviour was related to higher levels of adaptive behaviour, parents' mental health problems and lower family quality of life. Child age, gender, ASD status and financial hardship were not related to either outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS Youth with severe and profound ID who experience psychosocial stressors are more likely reported to have mental health problems than youth without such stressors. It is likely that a combination of child and family based interventions, along with with policies that address larger systemic issues of social adversity, are needed to promote mental health and treat psychopathology when it arises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Weiss
- York University, Department of Psychology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - V Ting
- York University, Department of Psychology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Perry
- York University, Department of Psychology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Fothergill K, Ensminger ME, Doherty EE, Juon HS, Green KM. Pathways from Early Childhood Adversity to Later Adult Drug Use and Psychological Distress: A Prospective Study of a Cohort of African Americans. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 2016; 57:223-39. [PMID: 27284077 PMCID: PMC5787376 DOI: 10.1177/0022146516646808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Drawing on the life course perspective, this research addresses the direct and indirect pathways between childhood adversity and midlife psychological distress and drug use across a majority of the life span in an African American cohort (N = 1,242) followed from age 6 to 42 (1966 to 2002). Results from structural equation models highlight the impact of low childhood socioeconomic status (SES), poor maternal mental health, and the role of first-grade maladaptation in launching a trajectory of social maladaptation from age 6 to 42. Specifically, for men, we found a direct pathway from early low SES to drug use in mid adulthood and an indirect pathway to psychological distress through first-grade maladaptation and adolescent poor mental health. For females, early SES affected first-grade maladaptation and low school bonds, which then predicted later drug use.
Collapse
|