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Cuneo MG, Szeto A, Schrepf A, Thaker PH, Goodheart M, Cole SW, Sood AK, McCabe PM, Mendez AJ, Lutgendorf SK. Positive Psychosocial Factors and Oxytocin in the Ovarian Tumor Microenvironment. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:417-422. [PMID: 34080583 PMCID: PMC8175871 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical ovarian cancer research shows relationships between psychosocial factors and disease-promoting aspects of the stress response (e.g., norepinephrine and cortisol). However, little is known about how psychosocial factors might relate to beneficial hormones in the ovarian tumor microenvironment. Here we examine relationships between psychosocial factors and tumor-associated oxytocin, a hormone linked to survival and antitumor processes in ovarian cancer. METHODS Patients with ovarian cancer (n = 96) completed assessments of positive psychosocial factors (social support, positive affect, and purpose in life) and distress (perceived stress and depression) at the time of surgery. Levels of oxytocin and interleukin (IL) 6 in ascites fluid were obtained during surgery and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multiple regression analyses adjusting a priori for patient age and disease stage examined associations between psychosocial factors and ascites oxytocin. IL-6 was used as a covariate in secondary analyses to examine the potentially confounding effects of inflammation in these relationships. RESULTS Higher levels of positive affect (β = 0.22, p = .034), purpose in life (β = 0.31, p = .021), and social nurturance (β = 0.24, p = .024) were all related to higher levels of tumor-associated oxytocin at the time of surgery. In contrast, we found no effects for distress or social attachment. Relationships between oxytocin, purpose in life, and social nurturance were independent of IL-6, whereas positive affect was no longer significant with IL-6 in the model. CONCLUSIONS Tumor-associated oxytocin may be a previously uninvestigated link in the relationship between psychosocial factors and health in ovarian cancer. Future studies should examine causal mechanisms of relationships observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew Schrepf
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences,
University of Iowa
| | - Premal H. Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Michael Goodheart
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of
Iowa
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynecology, University of Iowa
| | - Steve W. Cole
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology and
Molecular Biology Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of
California, Los Angeles
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Biology and
Center for RNA Interference and Noncoding RNA, University of Texas M.D. Anderson
Cancer Center
| | | | - Armando J. Mendez
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology,
Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine,
University of Miami
| | - Susan K. Lutgendorf
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences,
University of Iowa
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of
Iowa
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynecology, University of Iowa
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52
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Xie S, Hu Y, Fang L, Chen S, Botchway BOA, Tan X, Fang M, Hu Z. The association of oxytocin with major depressive disorder: role of confounding effects of antidepressants. Rev Neurosci 2021; 33:59-77. [PMID: 33989469 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a genetic susceptible disease, and a psychiatric syndrome with a high rate of incidence and recurrence. Because of its complexity concerning etiology and pathogenesis, the cure rate of first-line antidepressants is low. In recent years, accumulative evidences revealed that oxytocin act as a physiological or pathological participant in a variety of complex neuropsychological activities, including major depressive disorder. Six electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, CNKI, and Wanfang) were employed for researching relevant publications. At last, 226 articles were extracted. The current review addresses the correlation of the oxytocin system and major depressive disorder. Besides, we summarize the mechanisms by which the oxytocin system exerts potential antidepressant effects, including regulating neuronal activity, influencing neuroplasticity and regeneration, altering neurotransmitter release, down regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, and genetic effects. Increasing evidence shows that oxytocin and its receptor gene may play a potential role in major depressive disorder. Future research should focus on the predictive ability of the oxytocin system as a biomarker, as well as its role in targeted prevention and early intervention of major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Xie
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Integrated Chinese and West Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, 208 Huanchendong Road, 310003Hangzhou, China.,Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Fang
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Integrated Chinese and West Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, 208 Huanchendong Road, 310003Hangzhou, China
| | - Shijia Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058Hangzhou, China
| | - Benson O A Botchway
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Tan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058Hangzhou, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Hu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Integrated Chinese and West Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, 208 Huanchendong Road, 310003Hangzhou, China
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53
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Creutzberg KC, Sanson A, Viola TW, Marchisella F, Begni V, Grassi-Oliveira R, Riva MA. Long-lasting effects of prenatal stress on HPA axis and inflammation: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis in rodent studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:270-283. [PMID: 33951412 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to prenatal stress (PNS) can lead to long-lasting neurobiological and behavioral consequences for the offspring, which may enhance the susceptibility for mental disorders. The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the immune system are two major factors involved in the stress response. Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of rodent studies that investigated the effects of PNS exposure on the HPA axis and inflammatory cytokines in adult offspring. Our analysis shows that animals exposed to PNS display a consistent increase in peripheral corticosterone (CORT) levels and central corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), while decreased levels of its receptor 2 (CRHR2). Meta-regression revealed that sex and duration of PNS protocol are covariates that moderate these results. There was no significant effect of PNS in glucocorticoid receptor (GR), CRH receptor 1 (CRHR1), pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Our findings suggest that PNS exposure elicits long-lasting effects on the HPA axis function, providing an important tool to investigate in preclinical settings key pathological aspects related to early-life stress exposure. Furthermore, researchers should be aware of the mixed outcomes of PNS on inflammatory markers in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Camile Creutzberg
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alice Sanson
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Thiago Wendt Viola
- School of Medicine, Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 6681, Building 12A, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Francesca Marchisella
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Veronica Begni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- School of Medicine, Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 6681, Building 12A, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Marco Andrea Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy; Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
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54
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Peen NF, Duque-Wilckens N, Trainor BC. Convergent neuroendocrine mechanisms of social buffering and stress contagion. Horm Behav 2021; 129:104933. [PMID: 33465346 PMCID: PMC7965339 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2021.104933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Social interactions play a key role in modulating the impact of stressful experiences. In some cases, social interactions can result in social buffering, the process in which the presence of one individual reduces the physiological and behavioral impact of stress in another individual. On the other hand, there is growing evidence that a key initiating factor of social buffering behaviors is the initiation of an anxiogenic state in the individual that was not directly exposed to the stress. This is referred to as stress contagion (a form of emotion contagion). Both processes involve the transmission of social information, suggesting that contagion and buffering could share similar neural mechanisms. In general, mechanistic studies of contagion and buffering are considered separately, even though behavioral studies show that a degree of contagion is usually necessary for social buffering behaviors to occur. Here we consider the extent to which the neuropeptides corticotropin releasing hormone and oxytocin are involved in contagion and stress buffering. We also assess the importance that frontal cortical areas such as the anterior cingulate cortex and infralimbic cortex play in these behavioral processes. We suggest that further work that directly compares neural mechanisms during stress contagion and stress buffering will be important for identifying what appear to be distinct but overlapping circuits mediating these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natanja F Peen
- Department of Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA. USA
| | - Natalia Duque-Wilckens
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA. USA; Departments of Physiology and Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI. USA
| | - Brian C Trainor
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA. USA.
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55
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Ceschim VC, Sumarán P, Borges AA, Girardi CEN, Suchecki D. Maternal deprivation during early infancy in rats increases oxytocin immunoreactivity in females and corticosterone reactivity to a social test in both sexes without changing emotional behaviour. Horm Behav 2021; 129:104928. [PMID: 33453261 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2021.104928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Impairment of social behaviour is a hallmark of emotional disorders, with increased avoidance of social contact. In rats, the 24 h maternal deprivation (DEP) paradigm is used to understand the impact of extreme neglect on neurodevelopment. Due to the distinct immediate effects of DEP on postnatal days (PND) 3 (DEP3) or 11 (DEP11), in the present study we investigated the long-term effects of DEP at these ages on anxiety-like behaviour, by recording the visits and time spent in the centre part of the open-field, social investigation of a confined, same-sex, unfamiliar animal, basal and post-social test corticosterone plasma levels and the immunoreactivity to oxytocin in the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus (SON). Whole litters were distributed into control (CTL), DEP3 or DEP11 groups and behavioural tests and biological samples were collected between PNDs 40 and 45 in males and females. There were no differences in the exploration of the central part of the open field or on the time investigating the unfamiliar rat. However, the percent increase in post-test corticosterone secretion from baseline was greater for both DEP3 male and female subgroups than their CTL and DEP11 counterparts. DEP3 females showed more oxytocin staining than DEP11 counterparts in magnocellular neurons of the SON and PVN. These results suggest that DEP at the ages chosen does not alter social investigation, although it results in distinct neurobiological outcomes, depending on the developmental phase when it is imposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane C Ceschim
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo -, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Sumarán
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo -, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea A Borges
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo -, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Deborah Suchecki
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo -, São Paulo, Brazil.
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56
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Patterson DK, Pollock D, Carter CS, Chambers JE. Treating Opioid Use Disorder in Peripartum Mothers: A Look at the Psychodynamics, Neurobiology, and Potential Role of Oxytocin. Psychodyn Psychiatry 2021; 49:48-72. [PMID: 33635103 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2021.49.1.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The peripartum period (pregnancy and postpartum) is a unique time filled with psychodynamic and biological changes that are critical in affecting the lives of mother and baby. Attachment, the biologically based emotional connection between a caregiver and infant, is critical to the development of the child. The early interactions in an infant's life shape their reward neuro-circuitry and the development of their internal working models and styles of attachment. Opioid use disorders in the mother affect the psychodynamics and neurobiology of attachment. There is significant overlap between the neurobiology of attachment and that of opioid use disorders. In this article, we hope to describe how opioid use disorders affect mother-infant attachment and how psychodynamic psychotherapy that is informed by attachment theory may be a potential treatment for mothers with opioid use disorders. Further, oxytocin plays a role in the attachment process and may function abnormally in mothers with opioid use disorders. As oxytocin affects attachment, administration of oxytocin during postpartum mother-infant interactions in the setting of psychotherapy may facilitate bonding and promote recovery from opioid use disorders in the peripartum population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle K Patterson
- Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | - C Sue Carter
- Distinguished University Research Scientist, Executive Director, Emerita, The Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN
| | - Joanna E Chambers
- Associate Professor of Clinical Psychiatry and OB/GYN, Indiana University School of Medicine
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57
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Iovino M, Messana T, Tortora A, Giusti C, Lisco G, Giagulli VA, Guastamacchia E, De Pergola G, Triggiani V. Oxytocin Signaling Pathway: From Cell Biology to Clinical Implications. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:91-110. [PMID: 32433011 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200520093730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to the well-known role played in lactation and parturition, Oxytocin (OT) and OT receptor (OTR) are involved in many other aspects such as the control of maternal and social behavior, the regulation of the growth of the neocortex, the maintenance of blood supply to the cortex, the stimulation of limbic olfactory area to mother-infant recognition bond, and the modulation of the autonomic nervous system via the vagal pathway. Moreover, OT and OTR show antiinflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-pain, anti-diabetic, anti-dyslipidemic and anti-atherogenic effects. OBJECTIVE The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the main data coming from the literature dealing with the role of OT and OTR in physiology and pathologic conditions focusing on the most relevant aspects. METHODS Appropriate keywords and MeSH terms were identified and searched in Pubmed. Finally, references of original articles and reviews were examined. RESULTS We report the most significant and updated data on the role played by OT and OTR in physiology and different clinical contexts. CONCLUSION Emerging evidence indicates the involvement of OT system in several pathophysiological mechanisms influencing brain anatomy, cognition, language, sense of safety and trust and maternal behavior, with the possible use of exogenous administered OT in the treatment of specific neuropsychiatric conditions. Furthermore, it modulates pancreatic β-cell responsiveness and lipid metabolism leading to possible therapeutic use in diabetic and dyslipidemic patients and for limiting and even reversing atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Iovino
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Tullio Messana
- Infantile Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS - Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Tortora
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Consuelo Giusti
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lisco
- Hospital Unit of Endocrinology, Perrino Hospital, Brindisi, Italy
| | - Vito Angelo Giagulli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Edoardo Guastamacchia
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Triggiani
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
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58
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Brain oxytocin: how puzzle stones from animal studies translate into psychiatry. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:265-279. [PMID: 32514104 PMCID: PMC7278240 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin has attracted great attention of the general public, basic neuroscience researchers, psychologists, and psychiatrists due to its profound pro-social, anxiolytic, and "anti-stress" behavioral and physiological effects, and its potential application for treatment of mental diseases associated with altered socio-emotional competence. During the last decade, substantial progress has been achieved in understanding the complex neurobiology of the oxytocin system, including oxytocinergic pathways, local release patterns, and oxytocin receptor distribution in the brain, as well as intraneuronal oxytocin receptor signaling. However, the picture of oxytocin actions remains far from being complete, and the central question remains: "How does a single neuropeptide exert such pleotropic actions?" Although this phenomenon, typical for many of about 100 identified neuropeptides, may emerge from the anatomical divergence of oxytocin neurons, their multiple central projections, distinct oxytocin-sensitive cell types in different brain regions, and multiple intraneuronal signaling pathways determining the specific cellular response, further basic studies are required. In conjunction, numerous reports on positive effects of intranasal application of oxytocin on human brain networks controlling socio-emotional behavior in health and disease require harmonic tandems of basic researchers and clinicians. During the COVID-19 crisis in 2020, oxytocin research seems central as question of social isolation-induced inactivation of the oxytocin system, and buffering effects of either activation of the endogenous system or intranasal application of synthetic oxytocin need to be thoroughly investigated.
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59
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Lopatina OL, Panina YA, Malinovskaya NA, Salmina AB. Early life stress and brain plasticity: from molecular alterations to aberrant memory and behavior. Rev Neurosci 2020; 32:131-142. [PMID: 33550784 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) is one of the most critical factors that could modify brain plasticity, memory and learning abilities, behavioral reactions, and emotional response in adulthood leading to development of different mental disorders. Prenatal and early postnatal periods appear to be the most sensitive periods of brain development in mammals, thereby action of various factors at these stages of brain development might result in neurodegeneration, memory impairment, and mood disorders at later periods of life. Deciphering the processes underlying aberrant neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and cerebral angiogenesis as well as deeper understanding the effects of ELS on brain development will provide novel approaches to prevent or to cure psychiatric and neurological deficits caused by stressful conditions at the earliest stages of ontogenesis. Neuropeptide oxytocin serves as an amnesic, anti-stress, pro-angiogenic, and neurogenesis-controlling molecule contributing to dramatic changes in brain plasticity in ELS. In the current review, we summarize recent data on molecular mechanisms of ELS-driven changes in brain plasticity with the particular focus on oxytocin-mediated effects on neurogenesis and angiogenesis, memory establishment, and forgetting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga L Lopatina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Biophysics, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Yulia A Panina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Natalia A Malinovskaya
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alla B Salmina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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60
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Repouskou A, Papadopoulou AK, Panagiotidou E, Trichas P, Lindh C, Bergman Å, Gennings C, Bornehag CG, Rüegg J, Kitraki E, Stamatakis A. Long term transcriptional and behavioral effects in mice developmentally exposed to a mixture of endocrine disruptors associated with delayed human neurodevelopment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9367. [PMID: 32518293 PMCID: PMC7283331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that gestational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may interfere with normal brain development and predispose for later dysfunctions. The current study focuses on the exposure impact of mixtures of EDCs that better mimics the real-life situation. We herein describe a mixture of phthalates, pesticides and bisphenol A (mixture N1) detected in pregnant women of the SELMA cohort and associated with language delay in their children. To study the long-term impact of developmental exposure to N1 on brain physiology and behavior we administered this mixture to mice throughout gestation at doses 0×, 0.5×, 10×, 100× and 500× the geometric mean of SELMA mothers' concentrations, and examined their offspring in adulthood. Mixture N1 exposure increased active coping during swimming stress in both sexes, increased locomotion and reduced social interaction in male progeny. The expression of corticosterone receptors, their regulator Fkbp5, corticotropin releasing hormone and its receptor, oxytocin and its receptor, estrogen receptor beta, serotonin receptors (Htr1a, Htr2a) and glutamate receptor subunit Grin2b, were modified in the limbic system of adult animals, in a region-specific, sexually-dimorphic and experience-dependent manner. Principal component analysis revealed gene clusters associated with the observed behavioral responses, mostly related to the stress axis. This integration of epidemiology-based data with an experimental model increases the evidence that prenatal exposure to EDC mixtures impacts later life brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Repouskou
- Basic Sciences lab, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia-Konstantina Papadopoulou
- Basic Sciences lab, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.,Biology-Biochemistry lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, NKUA, Athens, Greece
| | - Emily Panagiotidou
- Basic Sciences lab, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.,Biology-Biochemistry lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, NKUA, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Trichas
- Biology-Biochemistry lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, NKUA, Athens, Greece
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Åke Bergman
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chris Gennings
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carl-Gustaf Bornehag
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Joëlle Rüegg
- Uppsala University, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Department of Organismal Biology 18 A, Norbyvägen, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Efthymia Kitraki
- Basic Sciences lab, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.
| | - Antonios Stamatakis
- Biology-Biochemistry lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, NKUA, Athens, Greece.
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61
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Baracz SJ, Everett NA, Robinson KJ, Campbell GR, Cornish JL. Maternal separation changes maternal care, anxiety-like behaviour and expression of paraventricular oxytocin and corticotrophin-releasing factor immunoreactivity in lactating rats. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12861. [PMID: 32490585 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The early postnatal period is a time of tremendous change for the dam and her offspring. During this time, environmental insults such as repeated stress exposure can have detrimental effects. In research that has focused on the effect of postnatal stress exposure on the dams, conflicting changes in maternal care and anxiety-like behaviour have been reported. Additionally, changes to hypothalamic neuropeptides that are crucially involved in the transition to motherhood and stress regulation, namely oxytocin and corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), have not been examined. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine (i) whether repeated postpartum stress increases engagement in maternal care behaviours and anxiety-like behaviour and (ii) whether these behavioural changes correspond with changes to CRF- or oxytocin-immunoreactive (-IR) cells in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. A non-lactating group was also included to control for the effects of lactation on anxiety and the hypothalamic neuroendocrine system. Following the birth of their litters, Long-Evans dams were separated from their pups from postnatal day (PND) 1 to PND21 for either 15 minutes (maternal separation [MS]15) or 6 hours (MS360). Maternal behaviours were recorded for 30 minutes on select PNDs following the separation. On PND22, dams were exposed to the elevated plus maze, brains were collected, and immunofluorescence analysis of PVN oxytocin- and CRF-IR cells was conducted. Our findings demonstrate that prolonged maternal separation altered typical maternal behaviours and reduced anxiety relative to MS15 dams. At the cellular level, oxytocin-IR cells in the caudal PVN were reduced in MS360 dams to a level similar to that in non-lactating controls, and PVN CRF-IR cells were reduced relative to both MS15 and non-lactating controls. Taken together, these data reveal the behavioural and neuronal changes that occur in the mother dam following repeated postnatal stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Baracz
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Everett
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Gemma R Campbell
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Cornish
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
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Arabacı Tamer S, Üçem S, Büke B, Güner M, Karaküçük AG, Yiğit N, Şirvancı S, Çevik Ö, Ercan F, Yeğen BÇ. Regular moderate exercise alleviates gastric oxidative damage in rats via the contribution of oxytocin receptors. J Physiol 2020; 598:2355-2370. [PMID: 32266969 DOI: 10.1113/jp279577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS A moderate level of exercise has beneficial effects for the prevention of gastric ulcers. Although regular aerobic exercise was shown to elevate serum oxytocin levels and exogenously administered oxytocin exerts an anti-ulcer activity, the role of endogenous oxytocin in the gastroprotective effects of exercise has not yet been elucidated. We showed that increased anxiety and oxidative gastric damage induced by gastric ulcers were reversed in pre-exercised rats, while reduced hypothalamic oxytocin expression and decreased myenteric oxytocin receptor expression due to gastric ulcers were abolished by exercise. We also reported that the blockade of oxytocin receptors exaggerated gastric damage in exercised rats with ulcers. Our data establish that endogenous oxytocin is the key mediator in the beneficial effects of regular physical activity in alleviating gastric injury. ABSTRACT Exercise increases serum oxytocin levels and exogenous oxytocin exerts an anti-ulcer activity; but the role of oxytocin in the protective effects of exercise against gastric ulcers has not yet been evaluated. This study was designed to investigate the impact of regular swimming exercise on oxidative gastric injury, and the role of oxytocin receptor activity in the anxiolytic and anti-inflammatory actions of exercise. Adult Wistar albino rats of both sexes performed swimming exercise (30 min/day, 5 days) or stayed sedentary. At the end of the 6-week exercise/sedentary protocol, rats were injected intraperitoneally with atosiban (0.1 mg/kg/day) or saline for 4 days. On the 5th day, under anaesthesia, acetic acid (ulcer) or saline (sham) was applied onto the gastric serosa and the treatments were continued. On the 9th day, anxiety levels were determined; gastric blood flow was measured, and blood, gastric and brain tissues were obtained. Induction of ulcers in sedentary rats increased anxiety and serum corticosterone levels; but reduced gastric blood flow and resulted in apoptosis and oxidative gastric damage with increased cytokine expressions. However, when ulcers were induced in pre-exercised rats, behavioural and biochemical alterations due to gastric damage were reversed. The inhibition of oxytocin receptors by atosiban exaggerated pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions and gastric lipid peroxidation in the stomachs of exercised rats with ulcers. When rats had regularly exercised prior to ulcer induction, reductions in the immunolabelling of hypothalamic oxytocin and myenteric oxytocin receptors were abolished, suggesting that exercise-induced alleviation of gastric injury may involve the reversal of down-regulated oxytocinergic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Arabacı Tamer
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Selen Üçem
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Berk Büke
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Güner
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Alp Giray Karaküçük
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Niyazi Yiğit
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Şirvancı
- Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak Ç Yeğen
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
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63
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Peris J, Steck MR, Krause EG. Oxytocin treatment for alcoholism: Potential neurocircuitry targets. Neuropharmacology 2020; 171:108091. [PMID: 32304701 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) has gained considerable interest in recent years as a potential treatment for alcoholism and other substance use disorders. Evidence continues to mount that OT administered either centrally, peripherally or intranasally can decrease ethanol intake in both humans and animal models. The potential mechanisms for the ability of OT to decrease ethanol reward, and importantly, cue- and stress-induced ethanol relapse, are explored by reviewing the specific neuronal circuits involved in mediating these actions and their sensitivity to OT. In addition to dopamine neurons that project from ventral tegmental area (VTA) to nucleus accumbens (NAc) to signal positively reinforcing events, OT receptors (OxTR) are also expressed by dopamine neurons that project from VTA to brain regions that can convey aversive properties of a stimulus. Moreover, OxTR are expressed by non-dopaminergic neurons in the VTA, such as GABA and glutamate neurons, which can both modulate the activity of dopamine VTA neurons locally (in opposite directions) or can project to other brain regions, including the NAc, where it can alter either positive reinforcement or aversion caused by ethanol. The ability of OT to regulate limbic circuitry and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is discussed as a potential mechanism for the ability of OT to inhibit ethanol-induced negative reinforcement. Together, understanding the diversity and complexity of OT regulation of ethanol reward may contribute to more effective use of OT as pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder. This article is part of the special issue on Neuropeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Peris
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Madeline R Steck
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Eric G Krause
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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de Ávila C, Chometton S, Ma S, Pedersen LT, Timofeeva E, Cifani C, Gundlach AL. Effects of chronic silencing of relaxin-3 production in nucleus incertus neurons on food intake, body weight, anxiety-like behaviour and limbic brain activity in female rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:1091-1106. [PMID: 31897576 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05439-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Eating disorders are frequently triggered by stress and are more prevalent in women than men. First signs often appear during early adolescence, but the biological basis for the sex-specific differences is unknown. Central administration of native relaxin-3 (RLN3) peptide or chimeric/truncated analogues produces differential effects on food intake and HPA axis activity in adult male and female rats, but the precise role of endogenous RLN3 signalling in metabolic and neuroendocrine control is unclear. Therefore, we examined the effects of microRNA-induced depletion (knock-down) of RLN3 mRNA/(peptide) production in neurons of the brainstem nucleus incertus (NI) in female rats on a range of physiological, behavioural and neurochemical indices, including food intake, body weight, anxiety, plasma corticosterone, mRNA levels of key neuropeptides in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN) and limbic neural activity patterns (reflected by c-fos mRNA). Validated depletion of RLN3 in NI neurons of female rats (n = 8) produced a small, sustained (~ 2%) decrease in body weight, an imbalance in food intake and an increase in anxiety-like behaviour in the large open field, but not in the elevated plus-maze or light/dark box. Furthermore, NI RLN3 depletion disrupted corticosterone regulation, increased oxytocin and arginine-vasopressin, but not corticotropin-releasing factor, mRNA, in PVN, and decreased basal levels of c-fos mRNA in parvocellular and magnocellular PVN, bed nucleus of stria terminalis and the lateral hypothalamic area, brain regions involved in stress and feeding. These findings support a role for NI RLN3 neurons in fine-tuning stress and neuroendocrine responses and food intake regulation in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Ávila
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CRIUCPQ, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. .,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. .,NNF CBMR, Nutrient and Metabolite Sensing, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Sandrine Chometton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CRIUCPQ, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Sherie Ma
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lola Torz Pedersen
- NNF CBMR, Nutrient and Metabolite Sensing, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elena Timofeeva
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CRIUCPQ, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Carlo Cifani
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CRIUCPQ, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.,Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Andrew L Gundlach
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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65
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Wagner BK, Relling AE, Kieffer JD, Moraes LE, Parker AJ. Short communication: pharmacokinetics of oxytocin administered intranasally to beef cattle. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 71:106387. [PMID: 31830691 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.106387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Providing the neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin intranasally increased concentrations in plasma and cerebral spinal fluid in humans and primates, respectively. This is of interest because of the documented anxiolytic effects of oxytocin observed in humans and rodents. To date, a transnasal approach of hormone administration has not been investigated in beef cattle. Defining the pharmacokinetics of intranasal oxytocin in cattle is necessary for determining optimum sampling and dosing timelines for future investigations. Five, weaned Bos taurus steers were used in a 3 × 3 Latin square design. Treatments included 1) 0.33 IU oxytocin/kg BW (A, n = 5), 2) 0.66 IU oxytocin/kg BW (B, n = 5), and 3) 1.32 IU oxytocin/kg BW (C, n = 5). Steers were acclimated to handling and restraint procedures for 4 wk leading up to the start of the experiment. Frequent blood collection occurred every 2 min for the first 30 min and every 5 min for the second 30 min, relative to administration of intranasal treatment. No treatment by time interaction was detected; however, there was an effect of time (P < 0.001) and treatment (P = 0.002) on oxytocin concentrations over time. Pharmacokinetic parameters, determined by PKSolver excel add-in, demonstrated an average maximum concentration (CMAX) of 63.3 pg/mL at 3.5 min after intranasal dose administration. An average half-life (T1/2) of 12.1 min after intranasal administration was determined. Pharmacokinetic parameters to a single bolus were not dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Wagner
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 46691, USA
| | - A E Relling
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 46691, USA
| | - J D Kieffer
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - L E Moraes
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - A J Parker
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 46691, USA.
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66
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King CE, Gano A, Becker HC. The role of oxytocin in alcohol and drug abuse. Brain Res 2020; 1736:146761. [PMID: 32142721 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) plays a key role in adaptive processes associated with reward, tolerance, memory and stress responses. Through interactions with brain reward and stress systems, OXT is known to play a role in several neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly those that involve altered social integration, such as alcohol and drug addiction (Heilig et al., 2016). As such, there is growing interest in the oxytocin system as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of alcohol and substance use disorders. Accumulating preclinical evidence suggests that administration of OXT influences the development of tolerance, sensitization and withdrawal symptoms, and modulates numerous alcohol/drug-seeking and alcohol/drug-taking behaviors. Further, there is some evidence to suggest that OXT may help to reverse neuroadaptations that occur as a result of chronic alcohol or drug exposure. To date, there have been only a handful of clinical studies conducted in alcohol and drug dependent populations. This review summarizes the preclinical and clinical literature on the effects of OXT administration on alcohol- and drug-related behaviors. In addition, we discuss OXT interactions with the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis and multiple neurotransmitter systems within addiction circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney E King
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina & VAMC, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Anny Gano
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina & VAMC, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Howard C Becker
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina & VAMC, Charleston, SC 29425, United States.
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Pati D, Harden SW, Sheng W, Kelly KB, de Kloet AD, Krause EG, Frazier CJ. Endogenous oxytocin inhibits hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing hormone neurones following acute hypernatraemia. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12839. [PMID: 32133707 PMCID: PMC7384450 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significant prior evidence indicates that centrally acting oxytocin robustly modulates stress responsiveness and anxiety-like behaviour, although the neural mechanisms behind these effects are not entirely understood. A plausible neural basis for oxytocin-mediated stress reduction is via inhibition of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurones in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) that regulate activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Previously, we have shown that, following s.c. injection of 2.0 mol L-1 NaCl, oxytocin synthesising neurones are activated in the rat PVN, an oxytocin receptor (Oxtr)-dependent inhibitory tone develops on a subset of parvocellular neurones and stress-mediated increases in plasma corticosterone levels are blunted. In the present study, we utilised transgenic male CRH-reporter mice to selectively target PVN CRH neurones for whole-cell recordings. These experiments reveal that acute salt loading produces tonic inhibition of PVN CRH neurones through a mechanism that is largely independent of synaptic activity. Further studies reveal that a subset of CRH neurones within the PVN synthesise mRNA for Oxtr(s). Salt induced Oxtr-dependent inhibitory tone was eliminated in individual PVN CRH neurones filled with GDP-β-S. Additional electrophysiological studies suggest that reduced excitability of PVN CRH neurones in salt-loaded animals is associated with increased activation of inwardly rectifying potassium channels. Nevertheless, substantial effort to recapitulate the core effects of salt loading by activating Oxtr(s) with an exogenous agonist produced mixed results. Collectively, these results enhance our understanding of how oxytocin receptor-mediated signalling modulates the function of CRH neurones in the PVN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanwita Pati
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy,
University of Florida
| | - Scott W. Harden
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy,
University of Florida
| | | | - Kyle B. Kelly
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy,
University of Florida
| | - Annette D. de Kloet
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College
of Medicine, University of Florida
| | - Eric G. Krause
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy,
University of Florida
| | - Charles J. Frazier
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy,
University of Florida
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University
of Florida
- Corresponding author: Charles J.
Frazier, Ph.D., Associate Professor and University of Florida Term Professor,
Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida,
JHMHC Box 100487, Room P1-20, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA,
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68
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Hou W, He Z, Yang Y, Yuan W, Wang L, Zhang J, Zhang X, Cai W, Guo Q, Tai F. The involvement of oxytocin in the effects of chronic social defeat stress on emotional behaviours in adult female mandarin voles. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:2853-2872. [PMID: 32011013 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) can induce anxiety and depression in male rodents, but the prevalence of anxiety and depression is much higher in females, and effects of CSDS on adult females and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. Oxytocin is a stress-buffering hormone in the brain that modulates the physiological effects of stress. Strikingly, research regarding the effect of oxytocin on emotional changes caused by CSDS is still lacking in females. Thus, we focused on the involvement of the oxytocin system in changes in emotional regulation induced by CSDS in female voles. Seventy-day-old female mandarin voles (Microtus mandarinus) were exposed to aggressive adult females for 14 days, and the effects of CSDS on emotion and regulation of oxytocin system were characterized. In addition, we injected vehicle, oxytocin and oxytocin receptor antagonist into the nucleus accumbens (Nacc) of female voles to investigate the involvement of Nacc oxytocin in the effect of CSDS on emotion. Herein, we reported that CSDS increased anxiety and depression-like behaviour and the circulating level of corticosterone, but decreased the number of oxytocin projections and the protein and mRNA expression levels of oxytocin receptor in the Nacc. Injection of oxytocin into the Nacc reversed the effects of CSDS on anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviour, whereas combined injections of oxytocin and oxytocin receptor antagonist eliminated these effects. In conclusion, CSDS increases the levels of anxiety and depression possibly via a reduction in oxytocin projections and the oxytocin receptor level in the Nacc. Nacc oxytocin may be involved in the effects of CSDS on emotional behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Hou
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhixiong He
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xueni Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenqi Cai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fadao Tai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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69
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Li YX, An H, Wen Z, Tao ZY, Cao DY. Can oxytocin inhibit stress-induced hyperalgesia? Neuropeptides 2020; 79:101996. [PMID: 31776011 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Stress-induced hyperalgesia is a problematic condition that lacks an effective therapeutic measure, and hence impairs health-related quality of life. The regulation of stress by oxytocin (OT) has overlapping effects on pain. OT can alleviate pain directly mainly at the spinal level and the peripheral tissues. Additionally, OT plays an analgesic role by dealing with stress and fear learning. When OT relieves stress by targeting the prefrontal brain regions and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the body's sensitivity to pain is attenuated. Meanwhile, OT facilitates fear learning and may, in turn, enhance the anticipatory actions to painful stimulation. The unique therapeutic value of OT in patients suffering from stress and stress-related hyperalgesia conditions is worth considering. We reviewed recent advances in animal and human studies involving the effects of OT on stress and pain, and discussed the possible targets of OT within the descending and ascending pathways in the central nervous system. This review provides an overview of the evidence on the role of OT in alleviating stress-induced hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China; Department of Special Dental Care, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - Hong An
- Department of Special Dental Care, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China.
| | - Zhuo Wen
- Department of Special Dental Care, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Tao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - Dong-Yuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China.
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Lagunes-Merino O, Rodríguez-Landa JF, Caba M, Carro-Juárez M, García-Orduña F, Saavedra-Vélez M, Puga-Olguín A, de Jesús Rovirosa-Hernández M. Acute effect of an infusion of Montanoa tomentosa on despair-like behavior and activation of oxytocin hypothalamic cells in Wistar rats. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 10:45-51. [PMID: 31956557 PMCID: PMC6957806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim In Mexican traditional medicine, Montanoa tomentosa (Mt) has been used as a remedy for reproductive impairments and mood swings. In pre-clinical research, both the extract and some of its active metabolites have produced oxytocinergic-like effects on female reproductive organs; however, there are no detailed studies of its effects on mood swing and brain structures. The aim of this study, was to analyze the behavioral effects of acute administration of a Mt infusion on male rats, during the Open Field (OFT) and Forced Swim (FST) Tests, and their association with the activation of oxytocin (OXT) cells, indicated by Fos protein (Fos/OXT) in the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei (SON). Experimental procedure 52 adult male Wistar rats were assigned to two conditions; with FST (n = 8), or without (n = 5). Each integrated condition included four groups [Control, Vehicle, Fluoxetine (Flx; 10 mg/kg), and Mt (50 mg/kg), p.o.]. Results and conclusion Mt and Flx treatment produced an anti-despair-like effect on the FST, but no significant changes in locomotor activity. Also, the Mt infusion -but not Flx-significantly increased the number of Fos/OXT cells in the PVN and SON, regardless of the condition, compared to the control and vehicle groups. These results show that Mt, but not Flx, produces an anti-despair-like effect that could be associated with the activation of OXT cells in PVN and SON. This study thus contributes to our knowledge of the pharmacological activity of Mt infusions, which could be a natural antidepressant agent with future clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Lagunes-Merino
- Doctorado en Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91190, Mexico
| | | | - Mario Caba
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91190, Mexico
| | - Miguel Carro-Juárez
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, 90000, Mexico
| | | | | | - Abraham Puga-Olguín
- Doctorado en Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91190, Mexico
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Wagner BK, Relling AE, Kieffer JD, Parker AJ. Intranasal oxytocin treatment does not attenuate the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in beef heifers subjected to isolation stress or restraint and isolation stress. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 70:106379. [PMID: 31479924 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the physiological, psychological, and behavioral manifestations of stress have been observed in association with increases in circulating oxytocin (OXT). Providing OXT intranasally has been shown to attenuate stressor-induced hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation in humans and rodents; however, anxiolytic effects may be context and species specific. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of intranasal OXT supplementation on stressor-induced activation of the HPA axis in beef cattle. We hypothesized that OXT would attenuate activation of the HPA axis, ultimately decreasing plasma cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Twenty-eight Bos taurus heifers were blocked by bodyweight and randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups, in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: (1) saline, isolated, standing, and unrestrained (S-isolation stress [IS], 0.015 mL/kg BW 0.9% isotonic saline, n = 7); (2) saline, isolated, and restrained (S-restraint and isolation stress [RIS]; 0.015 mL/kg BW 0.9% isotonic saline; n = 7); (3) OXT, IS (OXT-IS, 0.3 IU/kg BW oxytocin; n = 7); and (4) OXT and RIS (OXT-RIS, 0.3 IU/kg BW oxytocin; n = 7). Oxytocin and saline were administered intranasally. Intranasal treatments were given followed by a waiting time of 30 min when each of the stress treatments was applied for 2 h. Blood samples were collected via jugular catheters directly after stressor application and every 10 min thereafter, for 2 h. Cortisol concentrations increased over time in animals exposed to RIS (P < 0.01) and decreased over time in animals exposed to IS (P < 0.01). Concentrations of ACTH decreased over time for the IS-treated heifers but remained elevated for the RIS-treated heifers (P < 0.01). Under the conditions of the present study, OXT treatment did not affect measured indicators of HPA axis activation. A treatment × time interaction (P < 0.01) was detected for OXT, such that OXT heifers exhibited greater initial OXT concentrations followed by a decline; saline-treated heifers had consistently stable oxytocin concentrations. The RIS-treated heifers increased their glucose (P < 0.01) and lactate (P < 0.01) concentrations throughout the application of the stressors compared with the IS-treated heifers. Overall, restraint stress increased cortisol and oxytocin in B taurus heifers compared with heifers subjected only to isolation. Finding a more intermediate stress model may better allow for detection of the effects of oxytocin on the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Wagner
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 46691, USA
| | - A E Relling
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 46691, USA
| | - J D Kieffer
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - A J Parker
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 46691, USA.
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72
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Roque A, Ruiz-González R, Pineda-López E, Torner L, Lajud N. Prenatal immobilization stress and postnatal maternal separation cause differential neuroendocrine responses to fasting stress in adult male rats. Dev Psychobiol 2019; 62:737-748. [PMID: 31886525 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal immobilization stress (PNS) and postnatal maternal separation (MS180) are two widely used rodent models of early-life stress (ELS) that affect the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, cause behavioral alterations, and affect glucose tolerance in adults. We compared anxiety-like behavior, coping strategies, and HPA axis activity in PNS and MS180 adult (4-month-old) male rats and assessed their glucose tolerance and HPA axis response after mild fasting stress. Both PNS and MS180 induced a passive coping strategy in the forced swimming test, without affecting anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus-maze. Moreover, both PNS and MS180 increased the hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone expression; however, only MS180 increased the circulating corticosterone levels. Both early life stressors increased fasting glucose levels and this effect was significantly higher in PNS rats. MS180 rats showed impaired glucose tolerance 120 min after intravenous glucose administration, whereas PNS rats displayed an efficient homeostatic response. Moreover, MS180 rats showed higher circulating corticosteroid levels in response to fasting stress (overnight fasting, 12 hr), which were restored after glucose administration. In conclusion, early exposure to postnatal MS180, unlike PNS, increases the HPA axis response to moderate fasting stress, indicating a differential perception of fasting as a stressor in these two ELS models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Roque
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología del Desarrollo, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de - Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Roberto Ruiz-González
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología del Desarrollo, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de - Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Edel Pineda-López
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología del Desarrollo, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de - Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Luz Torner
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de - Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Naima Lajud
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología del Desarrollo, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de - Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Michoacán, México
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Neurochemical Characterization of Neurons Expressing Estrogen Receptor β in the Hypothalamic Nuclei of Rats Using in Situ Hybridization and Immunofluorescence. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010115. [PMID: 31877966 PMCID: PMC6981915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens play an essential role in multiple physiological functions in the brain, including reproductive neuroendocrine, learning and memory, and anxiety-related behaviors. To determine these estrogen functions, many studies have tried to characterize neurons expressing estrogen receptors known as ERα and ERβ. However, the characteristics of ERβ-expressing neurons in the rat brain still remain poorly understood compared to that of ERα-expressing neurons. The main aim of this study is to determine the neurochemical characteristics of ERβ-expressing neurons in the rat hypothalamus using RNAscope in situ hybridization (ISH) combined with immunofluorescence. Strong Esr2 signals were observed especially in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV), bed nucleus of stria terminalis, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), supraoptic nucleus, and medial amygdala, as previously reported. RNAscope ISH with immunofluorescence revealed that more than half of kisspeptin neurons in female AVPV expressed Esr2, whereas few kisspeptin neurons were found to co-express Esr2 in the arcuate nucleus. In the PVN, we observed a high ratio of Esr2 co-expression in arginine-vasopressin neurons and a low ratio in oxytocin and corticotropin-releasing factor neurons. The detailed neurochemical characteristics of ERβ-expressing neurons identified in the current study can be very essential to understand the estrogen signaling via ERβ.
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74
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Hodges TE, Eltahir AM, Patel S, Bredewold R, Veenema AH, McCormick CM. Effects of oxytocin receptor antagonism on social function and corticosterone release after adolescent social instability in male rats. Horm Behav 2019; 116:104579. [PMID: 31449812 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2019.104579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin influences social behaviour and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function. We previously found that social instability stress (SS) from postnatal day 30 to 45 increased oxytocin receptor (OTR) densities in the lateral septum and nucleus accumbens of adolescent male rats. Here, we investigated social behaviour and HPA function in adolescent male SS rats compared with age- and sex-matched controls after intraperitoneal treatment with an OTR antagonist L-368,899 (OTR-A). Regardless of OTR antagonism, adolescent SS rats spent more time in social approach (investigation through wire mesh) but less time in social interaction (physical interaction) with unfamiliar same-sex and same-age peers than did controls. However, OTR-A-treatment caused SS rats to be more socially avoidant than OTR-A-treated controls and saline-treated rats of the same condition. Additionally, the predicted rise in plasma corticosterone in response to OTR-A treatment was blunted in SS rats. Fos immunoreactivity (IR) was used as a marker of neural activation in social brain regions and oxytocin-IR was examined in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in response to interacting with unfamiliar peers in SS and control rats after OTR-A treatment. OTR-A treatment had little effect on Fos-IR and oxytocin-IR in the analyzed brain regions, but SS rats had lower Fos-IR and oxytocin-IR in the PVN and greater Fos-IR in subregions of the prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus, and lateral septum than did controls. Finally, binding density of OTR was measured in the PVN and hippocampus, and greater OTR binding density was found in the PVN of SS rats. Together, these data demonstrate a greater influence of OTR antagonism on social behaviour and a reduced influence of OTR antagonism on HPA responses after adolescent SS in male rats. The results also suggest that differences in neural functioning in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and lateral septum of adolescent SS rats may be involved in their altered social behaviour relative to that of controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis E Hodges
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Akif M Eltahir
- Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Smit Patel
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Remco Bredewold
- Neurobiology of Social Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology & Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Alexa H Veenema
- Neurobiology of Social Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology & Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Cheryl M McCormick
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
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75
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Hennessy MB, Tai F, Carter KA, Watanasriyakul WT, Gallimore DM, Molina AL, Schiml PA. Central oxytocin alters cortisol and behavioral responses of guinea pig pups during isolation in a novel environment. Physiol Behav 2019; 212:112710. [PMID: 31629763 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin plays key roles in social bonding and stress reduction, and thus appears to be a likely mediator of maternal buffering of infant stress responses. In the guinea pig, the presence of the mother in a threatening environment buffers cortisol elevations as well as active (vocalizing) and passive (e.g. crouching) responses typical of isolation in this species; yet, effects of OT in guinea pig pups under any conditions have not been reported. Here, we examined the ability of intracerebroventricular (ICV) OT to moderate plasma cortisol levels and behavior in guinea pig pups isolated in a brightly lit, novel environment, and the ability of a highly selective OT antagonist (OTA) to reduce buffering by the mother. We found that ICV OT moderated cortisol levels and vocalizations, but increased time spent in the crouched stance, particularly in females. In addition, OT modulated other ongoing behaviors in a sex-dependent fashion. In females, OT reduced duration of walking and rearing, and increased time spent quiet, while in males OT increased duration of rearing. OTA, however, was without effect on cortisol levels or behavior. These findings, including sex differences in response, extend results from other species to the guinea pig. Further, while demonstrating that exogenous OT is sufficient to reduce biobehavioral stress responses typical of isolated guinea pig infants, the results suggest that endogenous OT is not necessary for maternal buffering of infant responses in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Hennessy
- Department of Psychology, Wright State University, 335 Fawcett Hall, 3640 Col Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, United States.
| | - Fadao Tai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Cognition Neuroscience and Learning Division, Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Kendra A Carter
- Department of Psychology, Wright State University, 335 Fawcett Hall, 3640 Col Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, United States
| | - W Tang Watanasriyakul
- Department of Psychology, Wright State University, 335 Fawcett Hall, 3640 Col Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, United States
| | - Darci M Gallimore
- Department of Psychology, Wright State University, 335 Fawcett Hall, 3640 Col Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, United States
| | - Andrea L Molina
- Department of Psychology, Wright State University, 335 Fawcett Hall, 3640 Col Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, United States
| | - Patricia A Schiml
- Department of Psychology, Wright State University, 335 Fawcett Hall, 3640 Col Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, United States
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76
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The inflammatory event of birth: How oxytocin signaling may guide the development of the brain and gastrointestinal system. Front Neuroendocrinol 2019; 55:100794. [PMID: 31560883 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of oxytocin (OT) as a neuropeptide that modulates social behavior has been extensively studied and reviewed, but beyond these functions, OT's adaptive functions at birth are quite numerous, as OT coordinates many physiological processes in the mother and fetus to ensure a successful delivery. In this review we explore in detail the potential adaptive roles of oxytocin as an anti-inflammatory, protective molecule at birth for the developing fetal brain and gastrointestinal system based on evidence that birth is a potent inflammatory/immune event. We discuss data with relevance for a number of neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as the emerging role of the gut-brain axis for health and disease. Finally, we discuss the potential relevance of sex differences in OT signaling present at birth in the increased male vulnerability to neurodevelopmental disabilities.
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77
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King CE, Becker HC. Oxytocin attenuates stress-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking behavior in male and female mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2613-2622. [PMID: 30923836 PMCID: PMC6697557 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) has emerged as a potential therapeutic intervention in the treatment of both alcohol use disorder (AUD) and stress-related psychiatric illnesses. OBJECTIVES The present study evaluates the effects of systemically administered (intraperitoneal (i.p.)) OXT treatment on alcohol relapse-like behavior in male and female mice. METHODS Adult male and female C57BL/6J mice were trained to lever respond in operant conditioning chambers for alcohol in daily self-administration sessions. Once lever responding and alcohol intake stabilized, mice were tested under extinction conditions for 14 days before reinstatement testing. All mice underwent stress-induced reinstatement testing using either predator odor (2,3,5-trimethyl-3-thiazoline (TMT)) or the α-2 adrenergic receptor agonist yohimbine. In study 1, mice were exposed to TMT for 15 min and then immediately placed into operant conditioning chambers to examine alcohol-seeking behavior under extinction conditions. At 30 min prior to test session, separate groups of mice were injected with vehicle or OXT (0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg). In study 2, mice were injected with yohimbine (0.3, 0.625 mg/kg) 1 h prior to reinstatement testing. At 30 min post-yohimbine injection, mice are injected (i.p.) with vehicle or OXT (1 mg/kg). RESULTS OXT attenuated alcohol-seeking behavior in a dose-related manner in male and female mice in response to acute challenge with a predator odor. Additionally, OXT administration produced a similar decrease in alcohol relapse-like behavior triggered by the pharmacological stressor yohimbine in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS Systemic oxytocin administration attenuates stress-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking in male and female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney E. King
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Howard C. Becker
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina,RHJ Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29425
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78
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Loveland JL, Stewart MG, Vallortigara G. Effects of oxytocin‐family peptides and substance P on locomotor activity and filial preferences in visually naïve chicks. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 50:3674-3687. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine L. Loveland
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC) University of Trento Rovereto Italy
- Behavioural Genetics and Evolutionary Ecology Research Group Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Seewiesen Germany
| | - Michael G. Stewart
- Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences The Open University Milton Keynes UK
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Jiang Y, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B, Johnson AC, Travagli RA. Role of estrogen and stress on the brain-gut axis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 317:G203-G209. [PMID: 31241977 PMCID: PMC6734369 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00144.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Symptoms of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), including fullness, bloating, abdominal pain, and altered gastrointestinal (GI) motility, present a significant clinical problem, with a reported prevalence of 25%-40% within the general population. More than 60% of those affected seek and require healthcare, and affected individuals report a significantly decreased quality of life. FGIDs are highly correlated with episodes of acute and chronic stress and are increased in prevalence and reported severity in women compared with men. Although there is evidence that sex and stress interact to exacerbate FGID symptoms, the physiological mechanisms that mediate these sex-dependent disparities are incompletely understood, although hormonal-related differences in GI motility and visceral sensitivity have been purported to play a significant role in the etiology. In this mini review, we will discuss brain-gut axis control of GI motility and sensitivity, the influence of estrogen on GI motility and sensitivity, and stress modulation of the brain-gut axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jiang
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Anthony C Johnson
- Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - R Alberto Travagli
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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80
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Cuneo MG, Szeto A, Schrepf A, Kinner EM, Schachner BI, Ahmed R, Thaker PH, Goodheart M, Bender D, Cole SW, McCabe PM, Sood AK, Lutgendorf SK, Mendez AJ. Oxytocin in the tumor microenvironment is associated with lower inflammation and longer survival in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 106:244-251. [PMID: 31005045 PMCID: PMC6716948 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research demonstrates a protective role for oxytocin in ovarian cancer based on its anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and anti-invasive effects in vitro and in vivo. However, the role of endogenous oxytocin has not been examined in ovarian cancer patients. Oxytocin also has anti-inflammatory properties that have not been examined in cancer. The purpose of this investigation was to examine relationships between endogenous oxytocin, tumor-associated inflammation (interleukin-6), and survival in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer patients. METHODS Tumor microenvironment (ascites) and plasma oxytocin levels were analyzed via ELISA on extracted samples obtained from 79 patients. In vitro models were used to characterize oxytocin and oxytocin receptor expression in four ovarian cancer cell lines and to investigate direct anti-inflammatory effects of oxytocin on tumor cell secretion of interleukin-6. High and variable levels of oxytocin were observed in ascites, up to 200 times greater than in plasma. Higher levels of ascites oxytocin were associated with lower levels of systemic and tumor-associated interleukin-6, an inflammatory cytokine implicated in ovarian tumor progression. Oxytocin also attenuated interleukin-6 secretion from multiple ovarian tumor cell lines in vitro. Higher levels of ascites oxytocin were associated with a significant survival advantage and statistical mediation analyses suggested this effect was partially mediated by interleukin-6. CONCLUSIONS These data identify a previously unacknowledged hormone in the ovarian tumor microenvironment and provide initial evidence that oxytocin has protective effects in ovarian cancer via anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Future studies should examine the therapeutic utility of oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew Schrepf
- Department of Anesthesiology and Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan
| | - Ellen M. Kinner
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa
| | - Benjamin I. Schachner
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami
| | - Raisa Ahmed
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami
| | - Premal H. Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Michael Goodheart
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa
| | - David Bender
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa
| | - Steve W. Cole
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Biology Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Anil K. Sood
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Biology and Center for RNA Interference and Noncoding RNA, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Susan K. Lutgendorf
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa
| | - Armando J. Mendez
- Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami
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81
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Van Puyvelde M, Gorissen AS, Pattyn N, McGlone F. Does touch matter? The impact of stroking versus non-stroking maternal touch on cardio-respiratory processes in mothers and infants. Physiol Behav 2019; 207:55-63. [PMID: 31047950 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of touch in development were already observed in different types of skin-to-skin care. In the current study, we aimed at studying potential underlying mechanisms of these effects in terms of parasympatho-inhibitory regulation. We examined the specific impact of affective maternal stroking versus non-stroking touch on the cardio-respiration of both mothers and infants in terms of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). We compared a 3-min TOUCH PERIOD (stroking or non-stroking touch) with a baseline before (PRE-TOUCH) and after (POST-TOUCH) in 45 dyads (24 stroking/21 non-stroking touch) with infants aged 4-16 weeks. We registered mother-infant ECG, respiration and made video-recordings. We calculated RR-interval (RRI), respiration rate (fR) and (respiratory corrected) RSA and analyzed stroking mean velocity rate (MVR) of the mothers. ANOVA-tests showed a significant different impact on infants' respiratory corrected RSA of stroking touch (increase) versus non-stroking touch (decrease). Further, during and after stroking touch, RRI significantly increased whereas fR significantly decreased. Non-stroking touch had no significant impact on infants' RRI and fR. In the mothers, RRI significantly decreased and fR significantly increased during the TOUCH PERIOD. The mothers' MVR occurred within the range of 1-10 cm/s matching with the optimal afferent stimulation range of a particular class of cutaneous unmyelinated, low-threshold mechano-sensitive nerves, named c-tactile (CT) afferents. We suggest CT afferents to be the a potential missing link between the processing of affective touch and the development of physiological and emotional self-regulation. The results are discussed with regard to the potential role of CT afferents within the building of early self-regulation as part of a multisensory intuitive parenting system and the importance to respect this ecological context of an infant in research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Van Puyvelde
- VIPER Research Unit, LIFE Department, Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium; Experimental and Applied Psychology, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Clinical & Lifespan Psychology, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - An-Sofie Gorissen
- Experimental and Applied Psychology, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Cancer in Pregnancy, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Pattyn
- VIPER Research Unit, LIFE Department, Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium; Experimental and Applied Psychology, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; MFYS-BLITS, Human Physiology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francis McGlone
- School of Natural Sciences & Psychology, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Institute of Psychology, Health & Society, University of Liverpool, UK
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Borrow AP, Heck AL, Miller AM, Sheng JA, Stover SA, Daniels RM, Bales NJ, Fleury TK, Handa RJ. Chronic variable stress alters hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in the female mouse. Physiol Behav 2019; 209:112613. [PMID: 31299374 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress is often associated with a dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which can greatly increase risk for a number of stress-related diseases, including neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite a striking sex-bias in the prevalence of many of these disorders, few preclinical studies have examined female subjects. Hence, the present study aimed to explore the effects of chronic stress on the basal and acute stress-induced activity of the HPA axis in the female C57BL/6 mouse. We used a chronic variable stress (CVS) paradigm in these studies, which successfully induces physiological and behavioral changes that are similar to those reported for some patients with mood disorders. Using this model, we found pronounced, time-dependent effects of chronic stress on the HPA axis. CVS-treated females exhibited adrenal hypertrophy, yet their pattern of glucocorticoid secretion in the morning resembled that of controls. CVS-treated and control females had similar morning basal corticosterone (CORT) levels, which were both significantly elevated following a restraint stressor. Although morning basal gene expression of the key HPA-controlling neuropeptides corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) was unaltered within the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) by CVS, CVS altered the PVN OT and AVP mRNA responses to acute restraint. In control females, acute stress decreased AVP, but not OT mRNA; whereas, in CVS females, it decreased OT, but not, AVP mRNA. Unlike the morning pattern of HPA activity, in the evening, CVS-treated females showed increased basal CORT with hypoactive responses of CORT and PVN c-Fos immunoreactivity to restraint stress. Furthermore, CVS elevated evening PVN CRH and OT mRNAs in the PVN, but it did not influence anxiety- or depressive-like behavior after a light/dark box or tail suspension test. Taken together, these findings indicate that CVS is an effective model for HPA axis dysregulation in the female mouse and may be relevant for stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P Borrow
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Ashley L Heck
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Alex M Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Julietta A Sheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Sally A Stover
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Renata M Daniels
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Natalie J Bales
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Theodore K Fleury
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Robert J Handa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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83
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Matenchuk BA, Tamana SK, Lou WY, Lefebvre DL, Sears MR, Becker AB, Azad MB, Moraes TJ, Turvey SE, Subbarao P, Kozyrskyj AL, Mandhane PJ, Subbarao P, Turvey S, Anand S, Azad M, Becker A, Befus A, Brauer M, Brook J, Chen E, Cyr M, Daley D, Dell S, Denburg J, Duan Q, Eiwegger T, Grasemann H, HayGlass K, Hegele R, Holness D, Hystad P, Kobor M, Kollmann T, Kozyrskyj A, Laprise C, Lou W, Macri J, Mandhane P, Miller G, Moraes T, Paré P, Ramsey C, Ratjen F, Sandford A, Scott J, Scott J, Sears M, Silverman F, Simons E, Takaro T, Tebbutt S, To T. Prenatal depression and birth mode sequentially mediate maternal education's influence on infant sleep duration. Sleep Med 2019; 59:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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84
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Stevenson JR, McMahon EK, Boner W, Haussmann MF. Oxytocin administration prevents cellular aging caused by social isolation. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 103:52-60. [PMID: 30640038 PMCID: PMC7476076 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stressors, such as chronic isolation in social mammals, can elevate glucocorticoids, which can affect cellular mechanisms of aging, including increased levels of oxidative stress and shortened telomere lengths. Recent work in the selectively social prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) suggests that oxytocin and social support may mitigate some of the negative consequences of social isolation, possibly by reducing glucocorticoid levels. We investigated the influences of isolation, social support, and daily oxytocin injections in female prairie voles. Glucocorticoid levels, oxidative damage, telomere length, and anhedonia, a behavioral index of depression, were measured throughout the study. We found that six weeks of chronic isolation led to increased glucocorticoid levels, oxidative damage, telomere degradation and anhedonia. However, daily oxytocin injections in isolated voles prevented these negative consequences. These findings demonstrate that chronic social isolation in female prairie voles is a potent stressor that results in depression-like behavior and accelerated cellular aging. Importantly, oxytocin can completely prevent the negative consequences of social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie R. Stevenson
- Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA,Corresponding author at: 215 O’Leary Center, 1 Dent Drive, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, 17837, United States. (J.R. Stevenson)
| | | | - Winnie Boner
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
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85
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Filippa M, Poisbeau P, Mairesse J, Monaci MG, Baud O, Hüppi P, Grandjean D, Kuhn P. Pain, Parental Involvement, and Oxytocin in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Front Psychol 2019; 10:715. [PMID: 31001173 PMCID: PMC6454868 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants (PTI) typically experience many painful and stressful procedures or events during their first weeks of life in a neonatal intensive care unit, and these can profoundly impact subsequent brain development and function. Several protective interventions during this sensitive period stimulate the oxytocin system, reduce pain and stress, and improve brain development. This review provides an overview of the environmental risk factors experienced by PTI during hospitalization, with a focus on the effects of pain, and early maternal separation. We also describe the long-term adverse effects of the simultaneous experiences of pain and maternal separation, and the potential beneficial effects of maternal vocalizations, parental contact, and several related processes, which appear to be mediated by the oxytocin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Filippa
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Social Sciences, University of Valle d'Aosta, Aosta, Italy
| | - Pierrick Poisbeau
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jérôme Mairesse
- INSERM U1141 Protect, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France.,Division of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Universtiy of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Olivier Baud
- INSERM U1141 Protect, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France.,Division of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Universtiy of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Service de Médecine et Réanimation Néonatale, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Petra Hüppi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Universtiy of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Didier Grandjean
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Kuhn
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service de Médecine et Réanimation Néonatale, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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86
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Klampfl SM, Bosch OJ. Mom doesn't care: When increased brain CRF system activity leads to maternal neglect in rodents. Front Neuroendocrinol 2019; 53:100735. [PMID: 30684507 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mothers are the primary caregivers in mammals, ensuring their offspring's survival. This strongly depends on the adequate expression of maternal behavior, which is the result of a concerted action of "pro-maternal" versus "anti-maternal" neuromodulators such as the oxytocin and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) systems, respectively. When essential peripartum adaptations fail, the CRF system has negative physiological, emotional and behavioral consequences for both mother and offspring often resulting in maternal neglect. Here, we provide an elaborate and unprecedented review on the implications of the CRF system in the maternal brain. Studies in rodents have advanced our understanding of the specific roles of brain regions such as the limbic bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial preoptic area and lateral septum even in a CRF receptor subtype-specific manner. Furthermore, we discuss potential interactions of the CRF system with other neurotransmitters like oxytocin and noradrenaline, and present valuable translational aspects of the recent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie M Klampfl
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, Regensburg Center of Neuroscience, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver J Bosch
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, Regensburg Center of Neuroscience, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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87
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Effects of oxytocin on prosocial behavior and the associated profiles of oxytocinergic and corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors in a rodent model of posttraumatic stress disorder. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:26. [PMID: 30898126 PMCID: PMC6427848 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic experience may lead to various psychological sequelae including the unforgettable trauma-associated memory as seen in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with a mechanism of impaired fear extinction due to biological imbalance among hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and fear circuit areas such as medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), hippocampus, and amygdala. Recently the impaired sociability seen in PTSD patients received great attention and the involvement of oxytocin (OXT) mediation is worth being investigated. This study examined whether the trauma-altered prosocial behavior can be modulated by OXT manipulation and its relationship with corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) signaling. METHODS Male rats previously exposed to a single prolonged stress (SPS) were evaluated for their performance in social choice test (SCT) and novel object recognition test (NORT) following the introduction of intranasal oxytocin (OXT) and OXT receptor antagonist atosiban (ASB). OXT receptors (OXTR) and CRH receptors (CRHR1, CRHR2) were quantified in both protein and mRNA levels in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), hippocampus, and amygdala. RESULTS SPS reduced inclination of rats staying at the sociable place with performing less prosocial contacts. OXT can amend the deficit but this effect was blocked by ASB. Expression of OXTR became reduced following SPS in mPFC and amygdala, the latter exhibited higher therapeutic specificity to OXT. Expression of CRHR1 appeared more sensitive than CRHR2 to SPS, higher CRHR1 protein levels were found in mPFC and amygdala. CONCLUSION Psychological trauma-impaired sociability is highly associated with OXT signaling pathway. Intranasal OXT restored both the SPS-impaired prosocial contacts and the SPS-reduced OXTR expressions in mPFC and amygdala. OXT may have therapeutic potential to treat PTSD patients with impaired social behaviors.
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88
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Neumann ID, Landgraf R. Tracking oxytocin functions in the rodent brain during the last 30 years: From push-pull perfusion to chemogenetic silencing. J Neuroendocrinol 2019; 31:e12695. [PMID: 30748037 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A short overview is provided of the last 30 years of oxytocin (and vasopressin) research performed in our laboratories, starting with attempts to monitor the release of this nonapeptide in the rodent brain during physiological conditions such as suckling in the lactating animal. Using push-pull perfusion and microdialysis approaches, release patterns in hypothalamic and limbic brain regions could be characterised to occur from intact neuronal structures, to be independent of peripheral secretion into blood, and to respond differentially to various stimuli, particularly those related to reproduction and stress. Parallel efforts focused on the functional impact of central oxytocin release, including neuroendocrine and behavioural effects mediated by nonapeptide receptor interactions and subsequent intraneuronal signalling cascades. The use of a variety of sophisticated behavioural paradigms to manipulate central oxytocin release, along with pharmacological, genetic and pharmacogenetic approaches, revealed multiple consequences on social behaviours, particularly social fear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga D Neumann
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, Regensburg Centre of Neurosciences, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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89
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Powell L, Guastella AJ, McGreevy P, Bauman A, Edwards KM, Stamatakis E. The physiological function of oxytocin in humans and its acute response to human-dog interactions: A review of the literature. J Vet Behav 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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90
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Onaka T, Takayanagi Y. Role of oxytocin in the control of stress and food intake. J Neuroendocrinol 2019; 31:e12700. [PMID: 30786104 PMCID: PMC7217012 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin neurones in the hypothalamus are activated by stressful stimuli and food intake. The oxytocin receptor is located in various brain regions, including the sensory information-processing cerebral cortex; the cognitive information-processing prefrontal cortex; reward-related regions such as the ventral tegmental areas, nucleus accumbens and raphe nucleus; stress-related areas such as the amygdala, hippocampus, ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamus and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray; homeostasis-controlling hypothalamus; and the dorsal motor complex controlling intestinal functions. Oxytocin affects behavioural and neuroendocrine stress responses and terminates food intake by acting on the metabolic or nutritional homeostasis system, modulating emotional processing, reducing reward values of food intake, and facilitating sensory and cognitive processing via multiple brain regions. Oxytocin also plays a role in interactive actions between stress and food intake and contributes to adaptive active coping behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Onaka
- Division of Brain and NeurophysiologyDepartment of PhysiologyJichi Medical UniversityShimotsuke‐shiJapan
| | - Yuki Takayanagi
- Division of Brain and NeurophysiologyDepartment of PhysiologyJichi Medical UniversityShimotsuke‐shiJapan
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91
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Malikowska-Racia N, Salat K. Recent advances in the neurobiology of posttraumatic stress disorder: A review of possible mechanisms underlying an effective pharmacotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2019; 142:30-49. [PMID: 30742899 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in the field of neurobiology supported by clinical evidence gradually reveals the mystery of human brain functioning. So far, many psychiatric disorders have been described in great detail, although there are still plenty of cases that are misunderstood. These include posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is a unique disease that combines a wide range of neurobiological changes, which involve disturbances of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal gland axis, hyperactivation of the amygdala complex, and attenuation of some hippocampal and cortical functions. Such multiplicity results in differential symptomatology, including elevated anxiety, nightmares, fear retrieval episodes that may trigger delusions and hallucinations, sleep disturbances, and many others that strongly interfere with the quality of the patient's life. Because of widespread neurological changes and the disease manifestation, the pharmacotherapy of PTSD remains unclear and requires a multidimensional approach and involvement of polypharmacotherapy. Hopefully, more and more neuroscientists and clinicians will study PTSD, which will provide us with new information that would possibly accelerate establishment of well-tolerated and effective pharmacotherapy. In this review, we have focused on neurobiological changes regarding PTSD, addressing the most disturbed brain structures and neurotransmissions, as well as discussing in detail the recently taken and novel therapeutic paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Malikowska-Racia
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Kinga Salat
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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92
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Oxytocin for learning calm and safety. Int J Psychophysiol 2019; 136:5-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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93
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Smiley KO, Ladyman SR, Gustafson P, Grattan DR, Brown RSE. Neuroendocrinology and Adaptive Physiology of Maternal Care. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2019; 43:161-210. [PMID: 31808002 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2019_122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Parental care is critical for offspring survival in many species. In mammals, parental care is primarily provided through maternal care, due to obligate pregnancy and lactation constraints, although some species also show paternal and alloparental care. These behaviors are driven by specialized neural circuits that receive sensory, cortical, and hormonal input to generate a coordinated and timely change in behavior, and sustain that behavior through activation of reward pathways. Importantly, the hormonal changes associated with pregnancy and lactation also act to coordinate a broad range of physiological changes to support the mother and enable her to adapt to the demands of these states. This chapter will review the neural pathways that regulate maternal behavior, the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy and lactation, and how these two facets merge together to promote both young-directed maternal responses (including nursing and grooming) and young-related responses (including maternal aggression and other physiological adaptions to support the development of and caring for young). We conclude by examining how experimental animal work has translated into knowledge of human parenting, particularly in regards to maternal mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina O Smiley
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sharon R Ladyman
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Papillon Gustafson
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David R Grattan
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rosemary S E Brown
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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94
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Ferrer-Pérez C, Castro-Zavala A, Luján MÁ, Filarowska J, Ballestín R, Miñarro J, Valverde O, Rodríguez-Arias M. Oxytocin prevents the increase of cocaine-related responses produced by social defeat. Neuropharmacology 2018; 146:50-64. [PMID: 30448423 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) plays a critical role in the regulation of social and emotional behaviors. OXT plays a role in stress response and in drug reward, but to date no studies have evaluated its implication in the long-lasting increase of the motivational effects of cocaine induced by repeated social defeat (RSD). During the social defeat procedure, 1 mg/kg of OXT was administered 30 min before each episode of RSD. Three weeks after the last defeat, the effects of cocaine on the conditioned place preference (CPP), locomotor sensitization and the self-administration (SA) paradigms were evaluated. The influence of OXT on the levels of BDNF in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), striatum and hippocampus was also measured. Our results confirm that raising the levels of OXT during social defeat stress can block the long-lasting effects of this type of stress. OXT counteracts the anxiety induced by social defeat and modifies BDNF levels in all the structures we have studied. Moreover, OXT prevents RSD-induced increases in the motivational effects of cocaine. Administration of OXT before each social defeat blocked the social defeat-induced increment in the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine in the CPP, favored the extinction of cocaine-associated memories in both the CPP and SA, and decreased reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior in the SA. In conclusion, the long-lasting effects of RSD are counteracted by administering OXT prior to stress, and changes in BDNF expression may underlie these protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Ferrer-Pérez
- Unit of Research on Psychobiology of Drug Dependence, Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adriana Castro-Zavala
- Neurobiology of Behavior Research Group (GReNeC-NeuroBio), Department of Health and Experimental Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Luján
- Neurobiology of Behavior Research Group (GReNeC-NeuroBio), Department of Health and Experimental Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joanna Filarowska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Raúl Ballestín
- Unit of Research on Psychobiology of Drug Dependence, Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Unit of Research on Psychobiology of Drug Dependence, Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Valverde
- Neurobiology of Behavior Research Group (GReNeC-NeuroBio), Department of Health and Experimental Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Unit of Research on Psychobiology of Drug Dependence, Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.
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95
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Wilson LC, Goodson JL, Kingsbury MA. Neural responses to familiar conspecifics are modulated by a nonapeptide receptor in a winter flocking sparrow. Physiol Behav 2018; 196:165-175. [PMID: 30196086 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The social behavior network, a collection of reciprocally connected areas within the basal forebrain and midbrain, plays a conserved role in the regulation of vertebrate social behavior. Specific behaviors are associated with patterns of activity across the network, and these activity profiles vary with species and context. We investigated how the social behavior network responds to familiar social stimuli in a seasonally flocking songbird. Further, we explored how socially-induced neural responses are modulated by endogenous nonapeptide receptor blockade. Winter flocking dark-eyed juncos were exposed to either familiar conspecifics or a familiar empty aviary following a peripheral injection of either saline or [desGly-NH2,d(CH2)5, Tyr(Me)2,Thr4]-ornithine vasotocin, an VT3 receptor antagonist. Socially-exposed animals exhibited greater Fos induction across the social behavior network. Sex and drug effects were site-specific, with females tending to exhibit greater Fos responses to social stimuli and a greater sensitivity to VT3 antagonism. We suggest that in flocking animals, VT3 activation during social interaction may shift the pattern of neural activity towards the dorsocaudal lateral septum and rostral arcopallium and away from the extended amygdala, anterior and ventromedial hypothalamus, and the caudal ventral/ventrolateral lateral septum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah C Wilson
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - James L Goodson
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Marcy A Kingsbury
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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96
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Van Dam JM, Garrett AJ, Schneider LA, Buisman-Pijlman FTA, Short MA, Hodyl NA, Edwards HK, Goldsworthy MR, Pitcher JB. Variability of the cortisol awakening response and morning salivary oxytocin in late adolescence. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:e12645. [PMID: 30216577 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Exogenously administered oxytocin interacts with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to modulate endogenous cortisol levels, suggesting a synergistic role for these two hormones in the response to stress, cognitive performance and the development of psycho-behavioural disorders. The cortisol awakening response (CAR) is considered a reliable measure of HPA axis function in humans. However, the CAR appears to vary considerably from day to day and may be strongly influenced by the anticipated demands of the day ahead. The level of variation intrinsic to the CAR is unclear because few studies have examined the CAR in the absence of daily environmental variation. It is not known whether oxytocin has a similar or complementary awakening response. Therefore, over three consecutive days, we examined 12 adolescents (aged 15-17 years) in a highly-controlled sleep laboratory. Saliva was collected on days 4-6 of a 9-day laboratory visit. Cortisol and oxytocin levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from saliva sampled at 0, 15, 30 and 45 minutes, and 8 and 12 hours post-awakening. CAR magnitude varied between days and was associated with sleep duration and pre-awakening sleep stage. Conversely, oxytocin levels dropped dramatically in the first 15 minutes post-awakening and were highly consistent across participants and days. Older participants had higher awakening oxytocin concentrations. Although cortisol increases and oxytocin rapidly declines upon awakening, their diurnal variation does not appear to be related at basal, peripheral levels, consistent with a previous finding that exogenously administered oxytocin only modulates cortisol under conditions of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jago M Van Dam
- Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Amy J Garrett
- Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Luke A Schneider
- Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Femke T A Buisman-Pijlman
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michelle A Short
- Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nicolette A Hodyl
- Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hannah K Edwards
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mitchell R Goldsworthy
- Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Julia B Pitcher
- Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Stötter A, Harrer ME, Mosgoeller W, Endler PC, Haring C. [Achtsame Massage und Achtsamkeitsschulung (Insightouch®) bei Depressionen, psychosomatischen und Bindungsstörungen]. Complement Med Res 2018; 26:4-12. [PMID: 30261502 DOI: 10.1159/000492060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund: Bindungsstörungen können das Auftreten von Angst und Depression begünstigen, lassen sich aber durch korrigierende emotionale Erfahrungen verändern. Eine Massage - insbesondere wenn beide, Masseur (m/w) und Klient, sich in einem Zustand der Achtsamkeit befinden - kann eine solche korrigierende Erfahrung vermitteln. In der vorliegenden Interventionsstudie wurden die Auswirkungen von Insightouch® - einer Kombination von achtsamkeitsbasierter Massage mit Achtsamkeitsschulung - untersucht. Teilnehmer und Methoden: Wir rekrutierten 36 Personen mit psychischen Beschwerden, geringer Bindungsfähigkeit und geringer Achtsamkeit. In Intervallen von 8 Wochen wurden mittels validierter Fragebögen Parameter wie psychosomatische Symptome (Brief Symptom Inventory), Bindungsqualitäten (Adult Attachment Scale) und Achtsamkeit (Freiburger Achtsamkeitsfragebogen) erhoben. Die Hälfte der Teilnehmer (Gruppe A) startete mit der 8-wöchigen Behandlungsphase; nach weiteren 8 Wochen ohne Behandlung wurde die Nachhaltigkeit der Behandlungswirkung dokumentiert. Die Teilnehmer der Gruppe B starteten mit einer 8-wöchigen Wartephase (Kontrollphase ohne Behandlung), gefolgt von der Behandlungsphase. Ergebnisse: Während sich nach der Kontrollphase keine signifikanten Änderungen zeigten, bewirkte die aktive Behandlung statistisch signifikante Besserungen der 1) Symptomatik, 2) Bindungsdefizite und 3) Achtsamkeit. Nach der 8-wöchigen Nachbeobachtungsphase waren die psychischen und die bindungsbezogenen Symptome weiter verbessert; die behandlungsbedingt erhöhte Fähigkeit zur Achtsamkeit blieb hoch. Schlussfolgerung: Insightouch als primär nonverbale Intervention erhöht die Bindungsfähigkeit, verbessert psychosomatische Symptome und erhöht nachhaltig die Fähigkeit zur Achtsamkeit.
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Kertes DA, Hall N, Bhatt SS. Children's Relationship With Their Pet Dogs and OXTR Genotype Predict Child-Pet Interaction in an Experimental Setting. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1472. [PMID: 30233440 PMCID: PMC6134068 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-animal interaction (HAI) research has increasingly documented the important role of pet dogs in children's lives. The quality of interaction between children and their pet dogs, however, is likely influenced by individual differences among children as well as their perceived relationship with their pet dog. Ninety-seven children aged 7-12 years and their pet dogs participated in a laboratory protocol during which the child solicited interaction with their dog, from which time petting and gazing were recorded. Children reported on their perceived relationship with the pet dog via interview. Children provided saliva samples, from which a polymorphism in the oxytocin receptor, OXTR rs53576, which has long been implicated in social behavior, was genotyped. The results showed that OXTR genotype and children's perceived antagonism with the pet dog predicted the amount of petting, but not gazing, between children and their pet dogs. This research adds to the growing body of HAI research by documenting individual differences that may influence children's interactions with animals, which is key to research related to pet ownership and understanding factors that may impact therapeutic interventions involving HAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene A Kertes
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Nathan Hall
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Samarth S Bhatt
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is the major neuroendocrine axis regulating homeostasis in mammals. Glucocorticoid hormones are rapidly synthesized and secreted from the adrenal gland in response to stress. In addition, under basal conditions glucocorticoids are released rhythmically with both a circadian and an ultradian (pulsatile) pattern. These rhythms are important not only for normal function of glucocorticoid target organs, but also for the HPA axis responses to stress. Several studies have shown that disruption of glucocorticoid rhythms is associated with disease both in humans and in rodents. In this review, we will discuss our knowledge of the negative feedback mechanisms that regulate basal ultradian synthesis and secretion of glucocorticoids, including the role of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors and their chaperone protein FKBP51. Moreover, in light of recent findings, we will also discuss the importance of intra-adrenal glucocorticoid receptor signaling in regulating glucocorticoid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Gjerstad
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stafford L Lightman
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Francesca Spiga
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- CONTACT Francesca SpigaUniversity of Bristol, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, BristolBS1 3NY, UK
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100
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Bernhard A, van der Merwe C, Ackermann K, Martinelli A, Neumann ID, Freitag CM. Adolescent oxytocin response to stress and its behavioral and endocrine correlates. Horm Behav 2018; 105:157-165. [PMID: 30165062 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT) shows anxiolytic and stress-reducing effects, but salivary OXT response to laboratory-induced stress has only been assessed in one study in healthy adults. The present study aimed at extending these findings by assessing salivary OXT stress reactivity in healthy adolescents (aged 11-18) compared to a control condition. A higher salivary OXT response to stress compared to the control condition was expected. In addition, the association between OXT, cortisol (CORT) and psychological reactivity patterns was explored. Psychosocial stress was induced using the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST; 13 males, 15 females), while the Control-TSST (14 males, 15 females) served as a non-stress control condition. Salivary OXT increased in response to the TSST with a peak at +1 and decline at +10 min after stress. Baseline OXT correlated negatively with experienced anxiety and insecurity, while both correlated positively with OXT reactivity. OXT and CORT increase as well as OXT increase and CORT recovery were positively correlated. Results indicate that salivary OXT in response to the TSST is a valid method to assess biological effects of laboratory-induced stress also in adolescents. Due to a rapid increase and decline, salivary OXT needs to be assessed directly after stress exposure. Given the interplay of OXT with affective symptoms and CORT response, the combined measure of salivary OXT and CORT reactivity adds to studying stress reactivity in typically developing and clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anka Bernhard
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Deutschordenstraße 50, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Cindy van der Merwe
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Deutschordenstraße 50, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katharina Ackermann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Deutschordenstraße 50, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anne Martinelli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Deutschordenstraße 50, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Inga D Neumann
- Department of Behavioral and Molecular Neurobiology, Regensburg Center of Neuroscience, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christine M Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Deutschordenstraße 50, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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