51
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Renner TM, Akache B, Stuible M, Rohani N, Cepero-Donates Y, Deschatelets L, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Baardsnes J, Koyuturk I, Hill JJ, Hemraz UD, Régnier S, Lenferink AEG, Durocher Y, McCluskie MJ. Tuning the immune response: sulfated archaeal glycolipid archaeosomes as an effective vaccine adjuvant for induction of humoral and cell-mediated immunity towards the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1182556. [PMID: 37122746 PMCID: PMC10140330 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes composed of sulfated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) have been shown to be a safe and effective vaccine adjuvant with a multitude of antigens in preclinical studies. In particular, SLA-adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines based on trimeric spike protein antigens were shown to be immunogenic and efficacious in mice and hamsters. With the continued emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, we sought to evaluate next-generation vaccine formulations with an updated antigenic identity. This was of particular interest for the widespread Omicron variant, given the abundance of mutations and structural changes observed within its spike protein compared to other variants. An updated version of our resistin-trimerized SmT1 corresponding to the B.1.1.529 variant was successfully generated in our Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell-based antigen production platform and characterized, revealing some differences in protein profile and ACE2 binding affinity as compared to reference strain-based SmT1. We next evaluated this Omicron-based spike antigen for its immunogenicity and ability to generate robust antigen-specific immune responses when paired with SLA liposomes or AddaS03 (a mimetic of the AS03 oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant system found in commercialized SARS-CoV-2 protein vaccines). Immunization of mice with vaccine formulations containing this updated antigen with either adjuvant stimulated neutralizing antibody responses favouring Omicron over the reference strain. Cell-mediated responses, which play an important role in the neutralization of intracellular infections, were induced to a much higher degree with the SLA adjuvant relative to the AddaS03-adjuvanted formulations. As such, updated vaccines that are better capable of targeting towards SARS-CoV-2 variants can be generated through an optimized combination of antigen and adjuvant components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler M. Renner
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nazanin Rohani
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Lise Deschatelets
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Blair A. Harrison
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jason Baardsnes
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Izel Koyuturk
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer J. Hill
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Usha D. Hemraz
- National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Régnier
- National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne E. G. Lenferink
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael J. McCluskie
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Michael J. McCluskie,
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Bareiß A, Uzun G, Mikus M, Becker M, Althaus K, Schneiderhan-Marra N, Fürstberger A, Schwab JD, Kestler HA, Holderried M, Martus P, Schenke-Layland K, Bakchoul T. Vaccine Side Effects in Health Care Workers after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2: Data from TüSeRe:exact Study. Viruses 2022; 15:65. [PMID: 36680106 PMCID: PMC9864657 DOI: 10.3390/v15010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As the Corona Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 persists, vaccination is one of the key measures to contain the spread. Side effects (SE) from vaccination are one of the reasons for reluctance to vaccinate. We systematically investigated self-reported SE after the first, second, and booster vaccinations. The data were collected during the TüSeRe: exact study (Tübinger Monitoring Studie zur exakten Analyse der Immunantwort nach Vakzinierung). Employees of health and research institutions were invited to participate. Study participants were asked to fill out an online questionnaire and report their SE after each dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. A total of 1046 participants (mean age: 44 ± 12.9 years; female, n = 815 (78%); male, n = 231 (22%)) were included in the analysis. Local and systemic SE were more frequent after receiving the vector-based vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in the first vaccination. However, local and systemic SE were more common after receiving mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273) in the second vaccination. Compared to the BNT162b2 vaccine, more SE have been observed after receiving the mRNA-1273 vaccine in the booster vaccination. In multivariate analysis, local and systemic side effects were associated with vaccine type, age and gender. Local and systemic SE are common after SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The frequency of self-reported local and systemic SE differ significantly between mRNA and vector-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Bareiß
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Günalp Uzun
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marco Mikus
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Becker
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Karina Althaus
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty of Tuebingen, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Axel Fürstberger
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Julian D. Schwab
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Hans A. Kestler
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Holderried
- Department of Medical Structure, Process and Quality Management, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biostatistics, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies & Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tamam Bakchoul
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty of Tuebingen, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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53
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Huang Y, Zhang Z, Zhou Y. AbAgIntPre: A deep learning method for predicting antibody-antigen interactions based on sequence information. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1053617. [PMID: 36618397 PMCID: PMC9813736 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1053617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antibody-mediated immunity is an essential part of the immune system in vertebrates. The ability to specifically bind to antigens allows antibodies to be widely used in the therapy of cancers and other critical diseases. A key step in antibody therapeutics is the experimental identification of antibody-antigen interactions, which is generally time-consuming, costly, and laborious. Although some computational methods have been proposed to screen potential antibodies, the dependence on 3D structures still limits the application of these methods. Methods Here, we developed a deep learning-assisted prediction method (i.e., AbAgIntPre) for fast identification of antibody-antigen interactions that only relies on amino acid sequences. A Siamese-like convolutional neural network architecture was established with the amino acid composition encoding scheme for both antigens and antibodies. Results and Discussion The generic model of AbAgIntPre achieved satisfactory performance with the Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.82 on a high-quality generic independent test dataset. Besides, this approach also showed competitive performance on the more specific SARS-CoV dataset. We expect that AbAgIntPre can serve as an important complement to traditional experimental methods for antibody screening and effectively reduce the workload of antibody design. The web server of AbAgIntPre is freely available at http://www.zzdlab.com/AbAgIntPre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziding Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Ziding Zhang, ; Yuan Zhou,
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Ziding Zhang, ; Yuan Zhou,
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Southwick L, Francisco A, Bradley M, Klinger E, Chandra Guntuku S. Characterizing Responses to COVID-19 Vaccine Promotion on TikTok. Am J Health Promot 2022:8901171221141974. [PMID: 36494184 DOI: 10.1177/08901171221141974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Alabama Department of Public Health (ADPH) sponsored a TikTok contest to improve vaccination rates among young people. This analysis sought to advance understanding of COVID-19 vaccine perceptions among ADPH contestants and TikTok commenters. APPROACH This exploratory content analysis characterized sentiment and imagery in the TikTok videos and comments. Videos were coded by two reviewers and engagement metrics were collected for each video. SETTING Publicly available TikTok videos entered into ADPH's contest with the hashtags #getvaccinatedAL and #ADPH between July 16 - August 6, 2021. PARTICIPANTS ADPH contestants (n = 44) and TikTok comments (n = 502). METHOD A content analysis was conducted; videos were coded by two reviewers and engagement metrics was collected for each video (e.g., reason for vaccination, content, type of vaccination received). Video comments were analyzed using VADER, a lexicon and rule-based sentiment analysis tool). RESULTS Of 44 videos tagged with #getvaccinatedAL and #ADPH, 37 were related to the contest. Of the 37 videos, most cited family/friends and civic duty as their reason to get the COVID-19 vaccine. Videos were shared an average of 9 times and viewed 977 times. 70% of videos had comments, ranging from 0-61 (mean 44). Words used most in positively coded comments included, "beautiful," "smiling face emoji with 3 hearts," "masks," and "good.;" whereas words used most in negatively coded comments included "baby," "me," "chips," and "cold." CONCLUSION Understanding COVID-19 vaccine sentiment expressed on social media platforms like TikTok can be a powerful tool and resource for public health messaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Southwick
- Penn Medicine Center for Digital Health, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Penn Medicine Center for Health Care Innovation, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ashley Francisco
- Department of Computer and Information Science, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Megan Bradley
- Penn Medicine Center for Digital Health, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Penn Medicine Center for Health Care Innovation, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elissa Klinger
- Penn Medicine Center for Digital Health, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Penn Medicine Center for Health Care Innovation, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sharath Chandra Guntuku
- Penn Medicine Center for Digital Health, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Computer and Information Science, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine, 6572University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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55
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Alhossan A, Alsaran AK, Almahmudi AH, Aljohani ZS, Albishi MR, Almutairi AK. Adverse Events of COVID-19 Vaccination among the Saudi Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:2089. [PMID: 36560499 PMCID: PMC9783010 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the evidence on the adverse events (AEs) of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations in Saudi Arabia. A computerized search in MEDLINE via PubMed and OVID, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Web of Science was conducted using relevant keywords. The NIH tools were used for the quality assessment. A total of 14 studies (16 reports) were included. The pooled analysis showed that the incidence of AEs post-COVID-19 vaccination was 40.4% (95% CI:6.4% to 87%). Compared to the AstraZeneca vaccine, the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was associated with a lower risk ratio (RR) of wheezing (RR = 0.04), fever (RR = 0.32), chills (RR = 0.41), headache (RR = 0.47), dizziness (RR = 0.49), and joint pain (RR = 0.51). The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was associated with significantly higher RR of general allergic reactions (RR = 1.62), dyspnea (RR = 1.68), upper respiratory tract symptoms (RR = 1.71), and lymphadenopathy (RR = 8.32). The current evidence suggests that the incidence of AEs following COVID-19 vaccines is 40%; however, most of these AEs were mild and for a short time. The overall number of participants with AEs was higher in the Pfizer group compared to the AstraZeneca group; however, the AstraZeneca vaccine was associated with a higher RR of several AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Alhossan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh P.O. Box 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Ziad Saad Aljohani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Rajeh Albishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh P.O. Box 22490, Saudi Arabia
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56
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van Vliet VJE, Huynh N, Palà J, Patel A, Singer A, Slater C, Chung J, van Huizen M, Teyra J, Miersch S, Luu GK, Ye W, Sharma N, Ganaie SS, Russell R, Chen C, Maynard M, Amarasinghe GK, Mark BL, Kikkert M, Sidhu SS. Ubiquitin variants potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 PLpro and viral replication via a novel site distal to the protease active site. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1011065. [PMID: 36548304 PMCID: PMC9822107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has made it clear that combating coronavirus outbreaks benefits from a combination of vaccines and therapeutics. A promising drug target common to all coronaviruses-including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2-is the papain-like protease (PLpro). PLpro cleaves part of the viral replicase polyproteins into non-structural protein subunits, which are essential to the viral replication cycle. Additionally, PLpro can cleave both ubiquitin and the ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 from host cell substrates as a mechanism to evade innate immune responses during infection. These roles make PLpro an attractive antiviral drug target. Here we demonstrate that ubiquitin variants (UbVs) can be selected from a phage-displayed library and used to specifically and potently block SARS-CoV-2 PLpro activity. A crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 PLpro in complex with a representative UbV reveals a dimeric UbV bound to PLpro at a site distal to the catalytic site. Yet, the UbV inhibits the essential cleavage activities of the protease in vitro and in cells, and it reduces viral replication in cell culture by almost five orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera J. E. van Vliet
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, South Holland, The Netherlands
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Nhan Huynh
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judith Palà
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ankoor Patel
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Alex Singer
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cole Slater
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jacky Chung
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mariska van Huizen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, South Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Joan Teyra
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shane Miersch
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gia-Khanh Luu
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Ye
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nitin Sharma
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Safder S. Ganaie
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Raquel Russell
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Chao Chen
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mindy Maynard
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gaya K. Amarasinghe
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Brian L. Mark
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Marjolein Kikkert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, South Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Sachdev S. Sidhu
- The Anvil Institute, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Noureldine HA, Maamari J, El Helou MO, Chedid G, Farra A, Husni R, Mokhbat JE. The effect of the BNT162b2 vaccine on antinuclear antibody and antiphospholipid antibody levels. Immunol Res 2022; 70:800-810. [PMID: 35978253 PMCID: PMC9385410 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) in December 2020. New adverse events have emerged since these vaccines have reached market. Although no clear association between messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines and autoimmunity has emerged, the significance of such an association warrants further exploration. After obtaining consent, a standardized survey on baseline characteristics and other relevant variables was conducted on unvaccinated individuals who were scheduled for vaccination and had not previously contracted COVID-19. Blood samples were collected from participants prior to the first dose, prior to the second dose, and 1 month after the second dose. All collected samples were tested for antinuclear antibody (ANA) titers using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy kits, and antiphospholipid (APS) immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) technique. ANA titers were positive for 9 participants out of 101 (8.9%) in the first pre-vaccination draw. For the second draw, the number of participants testing positive for ANA decreased to 5 (5%). For the last draw, 6 (5.9%) participants tested positive for ANA titers. One participant tested positive for APS IgM at the first pre-vaccination draw, 2 tested positive at the second draw, and 2 at the third draw. As for APS IgG titers, all participants tested negative in the three draws. McNemar's test for two dependent categorical outcomes was conducted on all variables and did not show a statistical significance. The McNemar test of these two composite variables (i.e., ANA/APS, first draw vs. ANA/APS, second and third draws) did not show statistical significance. The 2-sided exact significance of the McNemar test was 1.0. The Friedman test also showed no significance (p = 0.459). No association was found between BNT162b2 vaccine administration and changes in APS and ANA titers. The benefits of the BNT162b2 vaccine significantly outweigh any possible risk of autoimmune dysregulation considering the current evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein A Noureldine
- LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Julian Maamari
- LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mohamad Othman El Helou
- LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Scholars in Health Research Program, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Georges Chedid
- LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Anna Farra
- LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University Medical Center - Rizk Hospital, Zahar St, Achrafieh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Roula Husni
- LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University Medical Center - Rizk Hospital, Zahar St, Achrafieh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jacques E Mokhbat
- LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University Medical Center - Rizk Hospital, Zahar St, Achrafieh, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Song S, Kim H, Jang EY, Jeon H, Diao H, Khan MRI, Lee M, Lee YJ, Nam J, Kim S, Kim Y, Sohn E, Hwang I, Choi J. SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer vaccine expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana adjuvanted with Alum elicits protective immune responses in mice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:2298-2312. [PMID: 36062974 PMCID: PMC9538723 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spurred rapid development of vaccines as part of the public health response. However, the general strategy used to construct recombinant trimeric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) proteins in mammalian cells is not completely adaptive to molecular farming. Therefore, we generated several constructs of recombinant S proteins for high expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. Intramuscular injection of N. benthamiana-expressed Sct vaccine (NSct Vac) into Balb/c mice elicited both humoral and cellular immune responses, and booster doses increased neutralizing antibody titres. In human angiotensin-converting enzyme knock-in mice, two doses of NSct Vac induced anti-S and neutralizing antibodies, which cross-neutralized Alpha, Beta, Delta and Omicron variants. Survival rates after lethal challenge with SARS-CoV-2 were up to 80%, without significant body weight loss, and viral titres in lung tissue fell rapidly, with no infectious virus detectable at 7-day post-infection. Thus, plant-derived NSct Vac could be a candidate COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi‐Jian Song
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Heeyeon Kim
- Division of Acute Viral Disease, Center for Emerging Virus ResearchNational Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of HealthCheongjuKorea
| | - Eun Young Jang
- Division of Vaccine Research, Vaccine Research CenterNational Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of HealthCheongjuKorea
| | - Hyungmin Jeon
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Hai‐Ping Diao
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Md Rezaul Islam Khan
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Mi‐Seon Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases InspectionJeju Special Self‐Governing Province Institute of Environment ResearchJejuKorea
| | - Young Jae Lee
- Division of Vaccine Research, Vaccine Research CenterNational Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of HealthCheongjuKorea
| | - Jeong‐hyun Nam
- Division of Vaccine Research, Vaccine Research CenterNational Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of HealthCheongjuKorea
| | - Seong‐Ryeol Kim
- Division of Acute Viral Disease, Center for Emerging Virus ResearchNational Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of HealthCheongjuKorea
| | - Young‐Jin Kim
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Eun‐Ju Sohn
- BioApplications Inc.Pohang Technopark ComplexPohangSouth Korea
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Jang‐Hoon Choi
- Division of Acute Viral Disease, Center for Emerging Virus ResearchNational Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of HealthCheongjuKorea
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59
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Sarangi MK, Padhi S, Rath G, Nanda SS, Yi DK. Success of nano-vaccines against COVID-19: a transformation in nanomedicine. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:1739-1761. [PMID: 36384360 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2148659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The vaccines being used against COVID-19 are composed of either non-viral or viral nanoparticles (NPs). Nanotechnology-based vaccine technology was studied for its potentially transformative advancement of medicine. AREAS COVERED NPs protect the encapsulated mRNA in vaccines, thereby enhancing the stability of the ribonucleic acids and facilitating their intact delivery to their specific targets. Compared to liposomes, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are unique and, through their rigid morphology and better cellular penetrability, render enhanced cargo stability. To explore nanotechnology-mediated vaccine delivery and its potential in future pandemics, we assessed articles from various databases, such as PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, including editorial/research notes, expert opinions, and collections of data from several clinical research trials. In the current review, we focus on the nanoparticulate approach of the different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and explore their success against the pandemic. EXPERT OPINION The mRNA-based vaccines, with their tremendous efficacy of ~95% (under phase III-IV clinical trials) and distinct nanocarriers (LNPs), represent a new medical front alongside DNA and siRNA-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Sarangi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sasmita Padhi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun, India
| | - Gautam Rath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Dong Kee Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin, South Korea
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Landry A, Crapoulet S, Boudreau LH, Bourque C, Weston L, Pilote N, Desnoyers G, Chamard-Witkowski L. Meningoradiculitis post-COVID-19 mRNA vaccination: A case report. CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:76-78. [PMID: 38620766 PMCID: PMC8923012 DOI: 10.1016/j.clicom.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We present a rare case of meningoradiculitis occurring after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. This patient, with a history of inflammatory arthritis following rubella vaccination, presented to the emergency department 4 days after her vaccination with both central and radicular nervous system symptoms. Symptoms included pain, sensory and motor deficits in L5 roots distribution, along with signs of central irritation, such as headache, difficulty concentrating and a Babinski sign. MRI showed bilateral L5 nerve roots enhancement. Lumbar puncture showed elevated protein and IgG, and relevant serologies excluded common causes. Prednisone and physical therapy helped the patient to achieve near complete recovery nine weeks after presentation. We concluded that this patient presented meningoradiculitis probably secondary to her vaccination in a context of possible overactive immune system. While such presentations might be rare, and do not constitute a general reason to abstain from vaccination, they must be well recognized and treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Landry
- Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Pavillon J.-Raymond-Frenette, 50 de la Francophonie St., Moncton, NB E1A 7R1, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Crapoulet
- Regional Office of Research Services, Dr.-Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Center, Vitalité Health Network, 330 Université Ave., Moncton, NB E1C 2Z3, Canada
| | - Luc H Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Pavillon Léopold-Taillon, University of Moncton, 18 Antonine-Maillet Ave., Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Christine Bourque
- Department of Infectious Disease, Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Center, Vitalité Health Network, 330 Université Ave., Moncton, NB E1C 2Z3, Canada
| | - Lyle Weston
- Department of Neurology, The Moncton Hospital, Horizon Health network, 135 MacBeath Ave., Moncton, NB E1C 6Z8, Canada
| | - Nicholas Pilote
- Department of Radiology, Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Center, Vitalité Health Network, 330 Université Ave., Moncton, NB E1C 2Z3, Canada
| | - Guillaume Desnoyers
- NB Diagnostic Virology Reference Center, Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Center, Vitalité Health Network, 330 Université Ave., Moncton, NB E1C 2Z3, Canada
| | - Ludivine Chamard-Witkowski
- Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Pavillon J.-Raymond-Frenette, 50 de la Francophonie St., Moncton, NB E1A 7R1, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Center, Vitalité Health network, 330 Université Ave., Moncton, NB E1C 2Z3, Canada
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Khan DA, Banerji A, Blumenthal KG, Phillips EJ, Solensky R, White AA, Bernstein JA, Chu DK, Ellis AK, Golden DBK, Greenhawt MJ, Horner CC, Ledford D, Lieberman JA, Oppenheimer J, Rank MA, Shaker MS, Stukus DR, Wallace D, Wang J, Khan DA, Golden DBK, Shaker M, Stukus DR, Khan DA, Banerji A, Blumenthal KG, Phillips EJ, Solensky R, White AA, Bernstein JA, Chu DK, Ellis AK, Golden DBK, Greenhawt MJ, Horner CC, Ledford D, Lieberman JA, Oppenheimer J, Rank MA, Shaker MS, Stukus DR, Wallace D, Wang J. Drug allergy: A 2022 practice parameter update. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:1333-1393. [PMID: 36122788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Aleena Banerji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Kimberly G Blumenthal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Elizabeth J Phillips
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Roland Solensky
- Corvallis Clinic, Oregon State University/Oregon Health Science University College of Pharmacy, Corvallis, Ore
| | - Andrew A White
- Department of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, Calif
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, Allergy Section, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Derek K Chu
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne K Ellis
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - David B K Golden
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Matthew J Greenhawt
- Food Challenge and Research Unit Section of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital Colorado University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo
| | - Caroline C Horner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy Pulmonary Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo
| | - Dennis Ledford
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla; James A. Haley Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tampa, Fla
| | - Jay A Lieberman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tenn
| | - John Oppenheimer
- Division of Allergy, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, NJ
| | - Matthew A Rank
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Marcus S Shaker
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - David R Stukus
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Dana Wallace
- Nova Southeastern Allopathic Medical School, Fort Lauderdale, Fla
| | - Julie Wang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, The Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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Kim YC, Shim HS, Jeong H, Park YJ. Pyoderma Gangrenosum Triggered by COVID-19 Vaccination in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2022:15347346221141173. [PMID: 36426538 PMCID: PMC9713538 DOI: 10.1177/15347346221141173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare inflammatory skin disease that is difficult to diagnose. PG may be an extra-intestinal manifestation of ulcerative colitis (UC). In recent times, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines have caused various adverse cutaneous reactions. However, to the best our knowledge, combinations thereof have not been reported. We encountered a case of PG triggered by COVID-19 vaccination in a patient with UC. A 40-year-old woman developed severe pain and an abscess in the dorsum of the left foot after receiving the first dose of the messenger RNA (mRNA)-based Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine. Severe painful ulcers with purulent necrosis and gaseous gangrene progressed rapidly along the extensor tendons and muscles to the toes and ankle. Although surgical debridement can worsen PG by triggering pathergy, we nonetheless performed wide debridement including partial extensor tenotomy with abscess drainage to prevent progression to pyogenic ankle arthritis and to rescue the toes. Antibiotics, corticosteroids, and anticoagulants were prescribed during surgical wound management via negative pressure therapy. After the lesion improved, the skin and soft tissue defect were covered using a superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator free flap and a split-thickness skin graft. The patient was satisfied with the foot salvage, and could walk unaided (without a brace or cane) from 8 weeks after the final surgery. PG may be rare even in UC patients, but mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines may find an immunosuppressive niche. A high level of caution and suspicion of skin manifestations after vaccination is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Chung Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sup Shim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Howon Jeong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yune-Jung Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Pettini E, Medaglini D, Ciabattini A. Profiling the B cell immune response elicited by vaccination against the respiratory virus SARS-CoV-2. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1058748. [PMID: 36505416 PMCID: PMC9729280 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1058748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells play a fundamental role in host defenses against viral infections. Profiling the B cell response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, including the generation and persistence of antigen-specific memory B cells, is essential for improving the knowledge of vaccine immune responsiveness, beyond the antibody response. mRNA-based vaccines have shown to induce a robust class-switched memory B cell response that persists overtime and is boosted by further vaccine administration, suggesting that memory B cells are critical in driving a recall response upon re-exposure to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Here, we focus on the role of the B cell response in the context of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, offering an overview of the different technologies that can be used to identify spike-specific B cells, characterize their phenotype using machine learning approaches, measure their capacity to reactivate following antigen encounter, and tracking the maturation of the B cell receptor antigenic affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annalisa Ciabattini
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Basophil Activation Test with Different Polyethylene Glycols in Patients with Suspected PEG Hypersensitivity Reactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314592. [PMID: 36498922 PMCID: PMC9740962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccine components are rare but should be considered. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is responsible for anaphylaxis in mRNA vaccines. Skin tests have been used in the allergological work-up programs for COVID-19 vaccine evaluation. However, the reproducibility of the skin prick test is time-dependent and the reactivity declines over time. Therefore, we combined the administration of the skin tests with the basophil activation test (BAT) using PEG2000, PEG4000 and DMG-PEG2000, where the BAT was considered positive when the percentage of activated basophils was higher than 6%, 5% and 6.5%, for PEG 4000, PEG2000 and DMG-PEG2000, respectively. To this end, among the subjects that underwent allergy counseling at the Allergy Unit of our Institution during the 2020/2021 vaccination campaign, 13 patients had a suggested medical history of PEG/drug hypersensitivity and were enrolled together with 10 healthy donors. Among the enrolled patients 2 out of 13 tested patients were positive to the skin test. The BAT was negative in terms of the percentages of activated basophils in all analyzed samples, but the stimulation index (SI) was higher than 2.5 in 4 out of 13 patients. These data evidenced that, when the SI is higher than 2.5, even in the absence of positivity to BAT, the BAT to PEG may be a useful tool to be coupled to skin tests to evidence even low-grade reactions.
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Lin W, Hu K, Li C, Pu W, Yan X, Chen H, Hu H, Deng H, Zhang J. A Multi-Bioactive Nanomicelle-Based "One Stone for Multiple Birds" Strategy for Precision Therapy of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204455. [PMID: 36085560 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains a lethal aortic disease in the elderly. Currently, no effective drugs can be clinically applied to prevent the development of AAA. Herein, a "one stone for multiple birds" strategy for AAA therapy is reported. As a proof of concept, three bioactive conjugates are designed and synthesized, which can assemble into nanomicelles. Cellularly, these nanomicelles significantly inhibit migration and activation of inflammatory cells as well as protect vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from induced oxidative stress, calcification and apoptosis, with the best effect for nanomicelles (TPTN) derived from a conjugate defined as TPT. After intravenous delivery, TPTN efficiently accumulates in the aneurysmal tissue of AAA rats, showing notable distribution in neutrophils, macrophages and VSMCs, all relevant to AAA pathogenesis. Whereas three examined nanomicelles effectively delay expansion of AAA in rats, TPTN most potently prevents AAA growth by simultaneously normalizing the pro-inflammatory microenvironment and regulating multiple pathological cells. TPTN is effective even at 0.2 mg kg-1 . Besides, TPTN can function as a bioactive nanoplatform for site-specifically delivering and triggerably releasing anti-aneurysmal drugs, affording synergistic therapeutic effects. Consequently, TPTN is a promising multi-bioactive nanotherapy and bioresponsive targeting delivery nanocarrier for effective therapy of AAA and other inflammatory vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Kaiyao Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chenwen Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wendan Pu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xinhao Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Hanzhong Vocational and Technical College, Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province, 723000, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Houyuan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hongping Deng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jianxiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
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66
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Unlocking the promise of mRNA therapeutics. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:1586-1600. [PMID: 36329321 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01491-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The extraordinary success of mRNA vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has renewed interest in mRNA as a means of delivering therapeutic proteins. Early clinical trials of mRNA therapeutics include studies of paracrine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA for heart failure and of CRISPR-Cas9 mRNA for a congenital liver-specific storage disease. However, a series of challenges remains to be addressed before mRNA can be established as a general therapeutic modality with broad relevance to both rare and common diseases. An array of new technologies is being developed to surmount these challenges, including approaches to optimize mRNA cargos, lipid carriers with inherent tissue tropism and in vivo percutaneous delivery systems. The judicious integration of these advances may unlock the promise of biologically targeted mRNA therapeutics, beyond vaccines and other immunostimulatory agents, for the treatment of diverse clinical indications.
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Zhou YF, Nie JJ, Shi C, Ning K, Cao YF, Xie Y, Xiang H, Xie Q. Expression and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Virus-Like Particles based on Recombinant Truncated HEV-3 ORF2 Capsid Protein. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:1335-1343. [PMID: 36224764 PMCID: PMC9668089 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2205.05023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is an emerging disease that poses a severe threat to global public health. As such, there is an urgent demand for vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Here, we describe a virus-like nanoparticle candidate vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 produced by an E. coli expression system. The fusion protein of a truncated ORF2-encoded protein of aa 439~608 (p170) from hepatitis E virus CCJD-517 and the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 were expressed, purified and characterized. The antigenicity and immunogenicity of p170-RBD were evaluated in vitro and in Kunming mice. Our investigation revealed that p170-RBD self-assembled into approximately 24 nm virus-like particles, which could bind to serum from vaccinated people (p < 0.001) and receptors on cells. Immunization with p170-RBD induced the titer of IgG antibody vaccine increased from 14 days post-immunization and was significantly enhanced after a booster immunization at 28 dpi, ultimately reaching a peak level on 42 dpi with a titer of 4.97 log10. Pseudovirus neutralization tests showed that the candidate vaccine induced a strong neutralizing antibody response in mice. In this research, we demonstrated that p170-RBD possesses strong antigenicity and immunogenicity and could be a potential candidate for use in future SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Fei Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China,School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Nie
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China,School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Chao Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China,School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Ke Ning
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China,School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Feng Cao
- Immune-Path Biotechnology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, P.R. China
| | - Yanbo Xie
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, P.R. China,
Y. Xie E-mail:
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China,School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China,Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong 134504, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China,School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China,Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong 134504, P.R. China,Corresponding authors Q. Xie Phone/Fax: +86-431-85153832 E-mail:
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Mustafa ZU, Bashir S, Shahid A, Raees I, Salman M, Merchant HA, Aldeyab MA, Kow CS, Hasan SS. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Pakistan: A Multicentric, Prospective, Survey-Based Study. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112344. [PMID: 36366442 PMCID: PMC9694328 DOI: 10.3390/v14112344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the vaccination status and factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women in the largest province of Pakistan. A multicentric, prospective, survey-based study using an interviewer-administered tool was conducted among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics between 1 December 2021 through 30 January 2022 across seven hospitals in Pakistan. The healthcare professionals providing care at the participating hospitals administered the survey. Four hundred and five pregnant women fully consented and completed the study. The majority of the study participants (70.6%, n = 286) were aged between 25 and 34 and had a previous successful pregnancy history. More than half of the study participants (56.0%, n = 227) did not receive COVID-19 vaccination at the time of data collection despite their family members (93.9%, n = 372) had already received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Among those who received COVID-19 vaccination (n = 173), vaccine efficacy, protection for the foetus, and risk of COVID-19-associated hospitalisation were the main driving factors for vaccine hesitancy. The majority of the unvaccinated women (77.8%, n = 182) had no intention of receiving the vaccine. However, more than two-thirds (85.7%, n = 342) consulted the doctor about COVID-19 vaccines, and most were recommended to receive COVID-19 vaccines by the doctors (80.7%, n = 280). Women were significantly more likely to be vaccinated if they had employment (odds ratio [OR] 4.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.31-8.64) compared with their counterparts who were homemakers, consulted their doctors (OR 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04-0.35), and if they did not have pregnancy-related issues (OR 6.02, 95% CI: 2.36-15.33). In this study, vaccine hesitancy was prevalent, and vaccine uptake was low among pregnant women. Education and employment did impact COVID vaccination uptake, emphasising the need for more targeted efforts to enhance the trust in vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zia Ul Mustafa
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacy Services, District Headquarters (DHQ) Hospital, Pakpattan 57400, Pakistan
| | - Shazma Bashir
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, Stratford Campus, London W1S 3PR, UK
| | - Arfah Shahid
- Department of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Raees
- Department of Medicine, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Salman
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hamid A. Merchant
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Mamoon A. Aldeyab
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Chia Siang Kow
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (C.S.K.); (S.S.H.)
| | - Syed Shahzad Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
- Correspondence: (C.S.K.); (S.S.H.)
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69
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Petrelli F, Giannini D, Pucci C, Del Corso I, Rocchi V, Dolcher MP, Pieve G, Pratesi F, Migliorini P, Puxeddu I. Allergy Workup in the Diagnosis of COVID-19 Vaccines-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions and Its Impact on Vaccination. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2022; 184:54-62. [PMID: 36265449 PMCID: PMC9747735 DOI: 10.1159/000526764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) to COVID-19 vaccines are rare adverse events that need to be prevented, diagnosed, and managed in order to guarantee adherence to the vaccination campaign. The aims of our study were to stratify the risk of HSR to COVID-19 vaccines and propose alternative strategies to complete the vaccination. METHODS 1,640 subjects were screened for vaccinal eligibility, according to national and international recommendations. Among them, we enrolled for allergy workup 152 subjects, 43 with HSR to COVID-19 vaccines and 109 at high risk of HSR to the first dose. In vivo skin tests with drugs and/or vaccines containing PEG/polysorbates were performed in all of them, using skin prick test and, when negative, intradermal tests. In a subgroup of patients resulted negative to the in vivo skin tests, the programmed dose of COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer/BioNTech) was administered in graded doses regimen, and detection of neutralizing anti-spike antibodies was performed in these patients after 4 weeks from the vaccination, using the SPIA method. RESULTS Skin tests for PEG/polysorbates resulted positive in only 3% (5/152) of patients, including 2 with previous HSR to COVID-19 vaccines and 3 at high risk of HSR to the first dose. Among the 147 patients with negative skin tests, 97% (143/147) were eligible for vaccination and 87% (124/143) of them received safely the programmed COVID-19 vaccine dose. Administration of graded doses of Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine were well tolerated in 17 out of 18 patients evaluated; only 1 developed an HSR during the vaccination, less severe than the previous one, and all developed neutralizing anti-spike antibodies after 4 weeks with values comparable to those subjects who received the vaccine in unfractionated dose. CONCLUSION On the whole, the usefulness of the skin tests for PEG/polysorbates seems limited in the diagnosis of HSR to COVID-19 vaccines. Graded doses regimen (Pfizer/BioNTech) is a safe and effective alternative strategy to complete the vaccinal course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Petrelli
- Immunoallergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daiana Giannini
- Immunoallergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Celestino Pucci
- Immunoallergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Isabella Del Corso
- Immunoallergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valeria Rocchi
- Immunoallergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Dolcher
- Immunoallergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulio Pieve
- UO Direzione Medica di Presidio, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Pratesi
- Immunoallergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Migliorini
- Immunoallergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Puxeddu
- Immunoallergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy,*Ilaria Puxeddu,
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Numakura T, Murakami K, Tamada T, Yamaguchi C, Inoue C, Ohkouchi S, Tode N, Sano H, Aizawa H, Sato K, Mitsune A, Kurosawa H, Nakazawa T, Sugiura H. A Novel Development of Sarcoidosis Following COVID-19 Vaccination and a Literature Review. Intern Med 2022; 61:3101-3106. [PMID: 35945009 PMCID: PMC9646347 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0104-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) is a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine containing nucleoside-modified messenger RNA encoding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike glycoprotein. Recently, ocular complications of mRNA vaccines have been reported increasingly frequently. However, immunological adverse events due to mRNA vaccines in real-world settings are not fully known. We herein report the novel development of sarcoidosis manifested as uveitis, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, angiotensin-converting enzyme elevation, and epithelioid and giant cell granuloma formation in the lung soon after the first BNT162b2 injection and review the current literature, including three reported cases of sarcoid-like reaction following COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahisa Numakura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koji Murakami
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Chiaki Yamaguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Chihiro Inoue
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shinya Ohkouchi
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Naoki Tode
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kei Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ayumi Mitsune
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hajime Kurosawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hisatoshi Sugiura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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A New Role for Old Friends: Effects of Helminth Infections on Vaccine Efficacy. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11101163. [PMID: 36297220 PMCID: PMC9608950 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the most successful medical inventions to enable the eradication or control of common and fatal diseases. Environmental exposure of hosts, including helminth infections, plays an important role in immune responses to vaccines. Given that helminth infections are among the most common infectious diseases in the world, evaluating vaccine efficiency in helminth-infected populations may provide critical information for selecting optimal vaccination programs. Here, we reviewed the effects of helminth infections on vaccination and its underlying immunological mechanisms, based on findings from human studies and animal models. Moreover, the potential influence of helminth infections on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was also discussed. Based on these findings, there is an urgent need for anthelmintic treatments to eliminate helminth suppressive impacts on vaccination effectiveness during implementing mass vaccination in parasite endemic areas.
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72
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Carreño JM, Singh G, Tcheou J, Srivastava K, Gleason C, Muramatsu H, Desai P, Aberg JA, Miller RL, Study Group P, Pardi N, Simon V, Krammer F. mRNA-1273 but not BNT162b2 induces antibodies against polyethylene glycol (PEG) contained in mRNA-based vaccine formulations. Vaccine 2022; 40:6114-6124. [PMID: 36115801 PMCID: PMC9474432 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Two messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines are widely used globally to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Both vaccine formulations contain PEGylated lipids in their composition, in the form of polyethylene glycol [PEG] 2000 dimyristoyl glycerol for mRNA-1273, and 2 [(polyethylene glycol)-2000]-N,N-ditetradecylacetamide for BNT162b2. It is known that some PEGylated drugs and products for human use which contain PEG are capable of eliciting immune responses that lead to to detectable PEG-specific antibodies in serum. In this study, we determined if any of the components of mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 formulations elicited PEG-specific antibody responses in serum by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We detected an increase in the reactivity to mRNA vaccine formulations in mRNA-1273 but not BNT162b2 vaccinees' sera in a prime-boost dependent manner. Furthermore, we observed the same pattern of reactivity against irrelevant lipid nanoparticles from an influenza virus mRNA formulation and found that the reactivity of such antibodies correlated well with antibody levels against high and low molecular weight PEG. Using sera from participants selected based on the vaccine-associated side effects experienced after vaccination, including delayed onset, injection site or severe allergic reactions, we found no obvious association between PEG antibodies and adverse reactions. Overall, our data shows a differential induction of anti-PEG antibodies by mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2. The clinical relevance of PEG reactive antibodies induced by administration of the mRNA-1273 vaccine, and the potential interaction of these antibodies with other PEGylated drugs remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Carreño
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Johnstone Tcheou
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Komal Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles Gleason
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Parnavi Desai
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paris Study Group
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Viviana Simon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Igual-Rouilleault AC, Soriano I, Elizalde A, Quan PL, Fernandez-Montero A, Sobrido C, Pina L. Axillary lymph node imaging in mRNA, vector-based, and mix-and-match COVID-19 vaccine recipients: ultrasound features. Eur Radiol 2022; 32:6598-6607. [PMID: 35554651 PMCID: PMC9098792 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-08846-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess ultrasound characteristics of ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes after two doses of four different COVID-19 vaccination protocols, to determine whether these parameters differed with age, and to describe how they changed on follow-up imaging. METHODS A total of 247 volunteer employees from our center who had received two doses of COVID-19 vaccination were recruited and followed prospectively. Axillary ultrasound of the ipsilateral vaccinated arm was performed the week after receiving the second dose to analyze lymph node features (number, long-axis, cortical thickness, morphology, and vascular imaging). Axillary lymphadenopathy resulting from four vaccination protocols-mRNA (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273), ChAdOx1-S, and mix-and-match-was compared. Analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc analysis with Bonferroni corrections. Nodal reactogenicity was evaluated for two age groups: young (< 45 years old) and middle-aged ( ≥ 45 years old). All parameters were compared between both groups using an unpaired-sample Student t test. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Significantly higher values for total number of visible nodes, cortical thickness, Bedi's classification (p < 0.001), and vascularity (p < 0.05) were observed in mRNA vaccine recipients compared to full ChAdOx1-S protocol recipients. Moreover, mix-and-match protocol recipients showed greater nodal cortical thickness and higher Bedi's classification than full ChAdOx1-S recipients (p < 0.001). Analyses between age groups revealed greater cortical thickness, Bedi's classification, and color Doppler signal in younger patients (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Nodal parameters of Bedi's classification and cortical thickness were more often increased in mRNA and mix-and-match vaccine recipients when compared to ChAdOx1-S vaccine alone, especially in younger patients. KEY POINTS • Hyperplastic lymphadenopathy was observed more frequently in mRNA and mix-and-match vaccine protocols compared to full vector-based vaccination. • Higher values for cortical thickness, Bedi's classification, and color Doppler signal parameters were identified in younger patients. • Observed lymph node findings normalized in greater than 80% of patients by the third month following vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignacio Soriano
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avenida Pío XII, 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arlette Elizalde
- Breast Imaging Unit, Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avenida Pío XII, 36, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paola Leonor Quan
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avenida Pío XII, 36, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Carolina Sobrido
- Breast Imaging Unit, Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, C. Marquesado de Sta. Marta, 1, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Pina
- Breast Imaging Unit, Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avenida Pío XII, 36, Pamplona, Spain
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Mouri M, Imamura M, Suzuki S, Kawasaki T, Ishizaki Y, Sakurai K, Nagafuchi H, Matsumura N, Uchida M, Ando T, Yoshioka K, Ooka S, Sugihara T, Miyoshi H, Mori M, Okada T, Yamaguchi M, Kunishima H, Kato M, Kawahata K. Serum polyethylene glycol-specific IgE and IgG in patients with hypersensitivity to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Allergol Int 2022; 71:512-519. [PMID: 35718709 PMCID: PMC9167845 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism of allergic reactions to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines has not been clarified. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a potential antigen in the components of vaccines. However, there is little evidence that allergy after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination is related to PEG. Furthermore, the role of polysorbate (PS) as an antigen has also not been clarified. The objective of this study was to investigate whether PEG and PS allergies are reasonable causes of allergic symptoms after vaccination by detecting PEG-specific and PS-specific antibodies. METHODS Fourteen patients who developed immediate allergic reactions to BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccines and nineteen healthy controls who did not present allergic symptoms were recruited. Serum PEG-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) and PS-specific IgE and IgG were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Skin tests using PEG-2000 and PS-80 were applied to five patients and three controls. RESULTS Serum levels of PEG-specific IgE and IgG in patients with immediate allergic reactions to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were higher than those in the control group. Serum levels of PS-specific IgE in patients with allergy to the vaccine were higher than those in patients of the control group. Intradermal tests using PEG verified the results for PEG-specific IgE and IgG. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that PEG is one of the antigens in the allergy to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Cross-reactivity between PEG and PS might be crucial for allergy to the vaccines. PEG-specific IgE and IgG may be useful in diagnosing allergy to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Mouri
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Imamura
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Shotaro Suzuki
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kawasaki
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ishizaki
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keiichi Sakurai
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nagafuchi
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norihiro Matsumura
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Marina Uchida
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takayasu Ando
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kohei Yoshioka
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Seido Ooka
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takahiko Sugihara
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyoshi
- Department of Microbiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mori
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Lifetime Clinical Immunology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Livelong Care Center for Rheumatic Diseases, Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Okada
- Department of Otolaryngology and Health Service Center, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masao Yamaguchi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kunishima
- Department of Infectious Disease, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimito Kawahata
- Division of Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Filon FL, Lazzarato I, Patriarca E, Iavernig T, Peratoner A, Perri G, Ponis G, Rocco G, Cegolon L. Allergic Reactions to COVID-19 Vaccination in High-Risk Allergic Patients: The Experience of Trieste University Hospital (North-Eastern Italy). Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101616. [PMID: 36298481 PMCID: PMC9607499 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Allergic patients may develop reactions following COVID-19 vaccination more frequently than non-allergic individuals. The aim of our study was to assess the risk of reactions in high-risk allergic patients vaccinated for COVID-19 at the University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) of Trieste (northeastern Italy). Methods. Patients were considered at high risk for allergic reactions in case of: prior anaphylactic reaction to any drug/vaccine; multiple drug allergy; intolerance to polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate 80 (PS80) containing drugs; and mast cell disorders. High-risk allergic patients were immunized in hospital by a dedicated allergy team supported by resuscitation staff. Patients were interviewed over the phone one month after vaccination to complete a structured questionnaire investigating signs and symptoms developed after immunization. Results. From March 2021 to February 2022, 269 patients with a history of severe allergic reactions were assessed, of whom 208 (77.3%) eventually received COVID-19 vaccination, 50 (18.6%) refused to be immunized, 10 (3.7%) were deferred for medical reasons and one was declared exempted due to testing positive for PS80. Mild reactions (urticaria, angioedema, rhinitis, erythema) to COVID-19 vaccines were reported by 30.3% of patients, 8.7% within 4 h and 21.6% > 4 h after immunization. No anaphylactic events were observed. Although they were 80 times (3.8%) more prevalent than in COVID-19 vaccinees from the general population (0.047%), vaccine allergic reactions in high-risk patients were mainly mild and late, more likely affecting women (OR = 3.05; 95% CI 1.22−7.65). Conclusions. High-risk allergic patients with urticaria and angioedema may experience mild flare-ups of mast cell activation-like symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination, supporting antihistamine premedication before vaccination and to be continued for one week afterwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Larese Filon
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilaria Lazzarato
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Emilia Patriarca
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.P.); or (L.C.)
| | - Thomas Iavernig
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Peratoner
- Accident & Emergency, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perri
- Directorate Office, Cattinara Hospital, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuliano Ponis
- Hospital Pharmacy, Giuliano Area, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34128 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulio Rocco
- Public Health Department, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34128 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Cegolon
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
- Public Health Department, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34128 Trieste, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.P.); or (L.C.)
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Reevaluation of antibody-dependent enhancement of infection in anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic antibodies and mRNA-vaccine antisera using FcR- and ACE2-positive cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15612. [PMID: 36114224 PMCID: PMC9481526 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19993-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Many therapeutic antibodies (Abs) and mRNA vaccines, both targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-protein), have been developed and approved in order to combat the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. In consideration of these developments, a common concern has been the potential for Ab-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection caused by inoculated or induced Abs. Although the preventive and therapeutic effects of these Abs are obvious, little attention has been paid to the influence of the remaining and dwindling anti-S-protein Abs in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that certain monoclonal Abs (mAbs) approved as therapeutic neutralizing anti-S-protein mAbs for human usage have the potential to cause ADE in a narrow range of Ab concentrations. Although sera collected from mRNA-vaccinated individuals exhibited neutralizing activity, some sera gradually exhibited dominance of ADE activity in a time-dependent manner. None of the sera examined exhibited neutralizing activity against infection with the Omicron strain. Rather, some ADE of Omicron infection was observed in some sera. These results suggest the possible emergence of adverse effects caused by these Abs in addition to the therapeutic or preventive effect.
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77
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Bartosiewicz A, Łuszczki E, Bartosiewicz A, Dereń K, Oleksy Ł, Stolarczyk A. COVID-19-Related Predictors of Fear and Attitude to Vaccination Displayed by Polish Students. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091524. [PMID: 36146600 PMCID: PMC9500877 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the most important achievements of modern medicine in maintaining the health of the population. The prolonged pandemic and subsequent lockdowns meant that the new COVID-19 vaccine was regarded by scientists and society as the way to end the pandemic and return to normal life. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors responsible for the feeling of fear due to COVID-19 infection and the attitudes of medical students towards vaccination against COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was conducted online among medical students using standardized questionnaires: the Fear of COVID-19 scale and the Vaccination Attitude Examination scale. According to the results obtained, the respondents had a low level of fear of COVID-19 and the majority had positive attitudes towards vaccination against COVID-19. Regression analysis showed that the main predictors of fear of the pandemic and attitudes towards vaccination were age, sex, field of study, and sources of knowledge about vaccines. The analysis of factors related to the discussed issues can be the basis to formulate educational and preventive programs, to shape positive attitudes of future health sector employees toward the issue of preventive vaccination, as well as for the development of strategies to promote vaccination against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bartosiewicz
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-17-851-6811
| | - Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Adam Bartosiewicz
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Department, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dereń
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Łukasz Oleksy
- Oleksy Medical & Sports Sciences, 37-100 Łańcut, Poland
| | - Artur Stolarczyk
- Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Department, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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Kytko OV, Vasil’ev YL, Dydykin SS, Diachkova EY, Sankova MV, Litvinova TM, Volel BA, Zhandarov KA, Grishin AA, Tatarkin VV, Suetenkov DE, Nikolaev AI, Pastbin MY, Ushnitsky ID, Gromova SN, Saleeva GT, Saleeva L, Saleev N, Shakirov E, Saleev RA. COVID-19 Vaccinating Russian Medical Students-Challenges and Solutions: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11556. [PMID: 36141828 PMCID: PMC9517622 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: The role of preventive measures increases significantly in the absence of effective specific COVID-19 treatment. Mass population immunization and the achievement of collective immunity are of particular importance. The future development of public attitudes towards SARS-CoV-2 immunization depends significantly on medical students, as future physicians. Therefore, it seemed relevant to determine the percentage of COVID-19-vaccinated medical students and to identify the factors significantly affecting this indicator. Methods: A total of 2890 medical students from years one to six, studying at nine leading Russian medical universities, participated in an anonymous sociological survey. The study was performed in accordance with the STROBE guidelines. Results: It was found that the percentage of vaccinated Russian medical students at the beginning of the academic year 2021 was 58.8 ± 7.69%, which did not significantly differ from the vaccination coverage of the general population in the corresponding regions (54.19 ± 4.83%). Student vaccination rate was largely determined by the region-specific epidemiological situation. The level of student vaccination coverage did not depend on the gender or student residence (in a family or in a university dormitory). The group of senior students had a higher number of COVID-19 vaccine completers than the group of junior students. The lack of reliable information about COVID-19 vaccines had a pronounced negative impact on the SARS-CoV-2 immunization process. Significant information sources influencing student attitudes toward vaccination included medical professionals, medical universities, academic conferences, and manuscripts, which at that time provided the least information. Conclusion: The obtained results make it possible to develop recommendations to promote SARS-CoV-2 immunoprophylaxis among students and the general population and to increase collective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya V. Kytko
- Sklifosovskyi Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy L. Vasil’ev
- Sklifosovskyi Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey S. Dydykin
- Sklifosovskyi Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Yu Diachkova
- Sklifosovskyi Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria V. Sankova
- Sklifosovskyi Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana M. Litvinova
- Sklifosovskyi Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Beatrice A. Volel
- Sklifosovskyi Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill A. Zhandarov
- Sklifosovskyi Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Grishin
- Sklifosovskyi Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav V. Tatarkin
- Department of Operative and Clinical Surgery with Topographic Anatomy Named after S.A. Simbirtsev, Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Kirochnaya St., 41, 191015 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitriy E. Suetenkov
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, B. Kazachya St., 112, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexander I. Nikolaev
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Smolensk State Medical University, Krupskoy St., 28, 214019 Smolensk, Russia
| | - Michael Yu Pastbin
- Department of Children Dentistry, Northern State Medical University, Troitsky Avenue, 51, 163000 Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Innokenty D. Ushnitsky
- Department of Therapeutic, Surgical and Prosthetic Dentistry, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Belinsky St., 58, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana N. Gromova
- Department of Dentistry, Kirov State Medical University, K. Marx St., d.112, 610998 Kirov, Russia
| | - Gulshat T. Saleeva
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Kazan State Medical University, Butlerova St., 49, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Liaisan Saleeva
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Kazan State Medical University, Butlerova St., 49, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Nail Saleev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Kazan State Medical University, Butlerova St., 49, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Eduard Shakirov
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Kazan State Medical University, Butlerova St., 49, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Rinat A. Saleev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Kazan State Medical University, Butlerova St., 49, 420012 Kazan, Russia
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Li Z, Liu S, Li F, Li Y, Li Y, Peng P, Li S, He L, Liu T. Efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:965971. [PMID: 36177017 PMCID: PMC9513208 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.965971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundOlder adults are more susceptible to severe health outcomes for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Universal vaccination has become a trend, but there are still doubts and research gaps regarding the COVID-19 vaccination in the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in older people aged ≥ 55 years and their influencing factors.MethodsRandomized controlled trials from inception to April 9, 2022, were systematically searched in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. We estimated summary relative risk (RR), rates, or standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using random-effects meta-analysis. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022314456).ResultsOf the 32 eligible studies, 9, 21, and 25 were analyzed for efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety, respectively. In older adults, vaccination was efficacious against COVID-19 (79.49%, 95% CI: 60.55−89.34), with excellent seroconversion rate (92.64%, 95% CI: 86.77−96.91) and geometric mean titer (GMT) (SMD 3.56, 95% CI: 2.80−4.31) of neutralizing antibodies, and provided a significant protection rate against severe disease (87.01%, 50.80−96.57). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses consistently found vaccine types and the number of doses to be primary influencing factors for efficacy and immunogenicity. Specifically, mRNA vaccines showed the best efficacy (90.72%, 95% CI: 86.82−93.46), consistent with its highest seroconversion rate (98.52%, 95% CI: 93.45−99.98) and GMT (SMD 6.20, 95% CI: 2.02−10.39). Compared to the control groups, vaccination significantly increased the incidence of total adverse events (AEs) (RR 1.59, 95% CI: 1.38−1.83), including most local and systemic AEs, such as pain, fever, chill, etc. For inactivated and DNA vaccines, the incidence of any AEs was similar between vaccination and control groups (p > 0.1), while mRNA vaccines had the highest risk of most AEs (RR range from 1.74 to 7.22).ConclusionCOVID-19 vaccines showed acceptable efficacy, immunogenicity and safety in older people, especially providing a high protection rate against severe disease. The mRNA vaccine was the most efficacious, but it is worth surveillance for some AEs it caused. Increased booster coverage in older adults is warranted, and additional studies are urgently required for longer follow-up periods and variant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shouhuan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fengming Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yifeng Li
- College of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yilin Li
- College of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pu Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sai Li
- College of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li He
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Tieqiao Liu, ; Li He,
| | - Tieqiao Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Tieqiao Liu, ; Li He,
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80
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Vesin B, Lopez J, Noirat A, Authié P, Fert I, Le Chevalier F, Moncoq F, Nemirov K, Blanc C, Planchais C, Mouquet H, Guinet F, Hardy D, Vives FL, Gerke C, Anna F, Bourgine M, Majlessi L, Charneau P. An intranasal lentiviral booster reinforces the waning mRNA vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 immunity that it targets to lung mucosa. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2984-2997. [PMID: 35484842 PMCID: PMC9044714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues and new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern emerge, the adaptive immunity initially induced by the first-generation COVID-19 vaccines starts waning and needs to be strengthened and broadened in specificity. Vaccination by the nasal route induces mucosal, humoral, and cellular immunity at the entry point of SARS-CoV-2 into the host organism and has been shown to be the most effective for reducing viral transmission. The lentiviral vaccination vector (LV) is particularly suitable for this route of immunization owing to its non-cytopathic, non-replicative, and scarcely inflammatory properties. Here, to set up an optimized cross-protective intranasal booster against COVID-19, we generated an LV encoding stabilized spike of SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant (LV::SBeta-2P). mRNA vaccine-primed and -boosted mice, with waning primary humoral immunity at 4 months after vaccination, were boosted intranasally with LV::SBeta-2P. A strong boost effect was detected on cross-sero-neutralizing activity and systemic T cell immunity. In addition, mucosal anti-spike IgG and IgA, lung-resident B cells, and effector memory and resident T cells were efficiently induced, correlating with complete pulmonary protection against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, demonstrating the suitability of the LV::SBeta-2P vaccine candidate as an intranasal booster against COVID-19. LV::SBeta-2P vaccination was also fully protective against Omicron infection of the lungs and central nervous system, in the highly susceptible B6.K18-hACE2IP-THV transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Vesin
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Jodie Lopez
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Amandine Noirat
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Pierre Authié
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Ingrid Fert
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Fabien Le Chevalier
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Fanny Moncoq
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Kirill Nemirov
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Catherine Blanc
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Cyril Planchais
- Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Université de Paris, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1222, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Hugo Mouquet
- Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Université de Paris, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1222, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Françoise Guinet
- Lymphocytes and Immunity Unit, Université de Paris, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris F-75015, France
| | - David Hardy
- Histopathology Platform, Institut Pasteur, Paris F-75015, France
| | | | - Christiane Gerke
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Innovation Office, Vaccine Programs, Institut Pasteur, Paris F-75015, France
| | - François Anna
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Maryline Bourgine
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Laleh Majlessi
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France.
| | - Pierre Charneau
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Virology Department, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, Paris F-75015, France
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Analysis of Adverse Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines Experienced by Healthcare Workers at Guizhou Provincial Staff Hospital, China. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091449. [PMID: 36146526 PMCID: PMC9502548 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: A retrospective survey was conducted of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) experienced by health care workers (HCWs) in a relatively remote ethnic region in southwest China (Guizhou Province) who received COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: From 18 January 2021 to 21 January 2022, all HCWs of Guizhou Provincial Staff Hospital, China, who received at least one dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cell), recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (CHO cell), or one dose of adenovirus type-5 (Ad5) vectored COVID-19 vaccine were asked to complete a self-report questionnaire to provide information on any adverse events that may have occurred in the first 3 days after injection. The frequency of AEFI corresponding to the three types of vaccines were compared and the potential risks of AEFI due to the three different vaccines were predicted by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 904 HCWs who completed the survey, the rates of AEFI were 10.1% (80/794) due to Vero cell, 16.3% (13/80) due to CHO cell, and 46.67% (14/30) due to Ad5 vectored vaccines, and the rates were significantly different (χ2 = 38.7, p < 001) between the three vaccines. Multivariate logistic regression models predict that (1) compared to the Ad 5 vectored group, the risk of AEFI occurrence in the Vero cell group was reduced by about 85.9% (OR = 0.141, 95% CI: 0.065−0.306, p < 0.001) and in the CHO cell group by about 72.1% (OR = 0.279, 95% CI: 0.107−0.723, p = 0.009), (2) the odds for women experiencing AEFI were about 2.1 (OR = 2.093, 95% CI: 1.171−3.742, p = 0.013) times as high as those of men, and (3) the risk of AEFI for HCWs with a Bachelor’s degree or above was about 2.2 (OR = 2.237, 95% CI: 1.434−3.489, p = 0.001) times higher than in HCWs who do not have a Bachelor’s degree. Conclusions: 1. The inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cell), recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (CHO cell), and adenovirus type-5 (Ad5) vectored COVID-19 vaccine made in China are safe and relatively broad-spectrum. 2. The prevalence of AEFI is more common in women healthcare workers. 3. The risk of AEFI was higher in those with a Bachelor’s degree or above and may be related to the psychological and social effects triggered by the global COVID-19 pandemic.
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Graves' Disease Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Systematic Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091445. [PMID: 36146523 PMCID: PMC9501427 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune endocrine diseases (AIED), are thought to develop following environmental exposure in patients with genetic predisposition. The vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) could represent a new environmental trigger for AIED, including Graves’ disease (GD). (2) Methods: We performed a literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed databases regarding thyroid dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination since 1 January 2020 to 31 July 2022, considering only cases of thyrotoxicosis that meet the 2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines criteria for the diagnosis of GD and arising after administration of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, regardless of the number of doses. (3) Results: A total of 27 articles were identified, consisting of case reports or case series, of which 24 describe the appearance of 48 new diagnoses of GD and 12 GD recurrences arising after the administration of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and 3 papers that instead report only 3 cases of GD relapse following vaccination. (4) Conclusions: physicians should be aware of the possibility of developing GD and other autoimmune sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Regardless of the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms (autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA syndrome), cytokines induction, molecular mimicry, and cross-reactivity), an individual predisposition seems to be decisive for their development.
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83
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Corey KB, Koo G, Phillips EJ. Adverse Events and Safety of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: What's New and What's Next. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:2254-2266. [PMID: 35550878 PMCID: PMC9085443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Just over 1 year following rollout of the first vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019, 572 million doses have been administered in the United States. Compared with the number of vaccines administered, adverse effects such as anaphylaxis have been rare, and seemingly, the more serious the effect, the rarer the occurrence. Despite these adverse effects, there are few, if any, true contraindications to coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination and most individuals recover without further sequelae. This review provides guidance for the allergist/immunologist regarding appropriate next steps based on patient's known allergy history or adverse reaction after receipt of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine to assist in safe global immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen B Corey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Grace Koo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Elizabeth J Phillips
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
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84
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Caputo E, Mandrich L. Structural and Phylogenetic Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein from the Most Widespread Variants. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081245. [PMID: 36013424 PMCID: PMC9410480 DOI: 10.3390/life12081245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, reported for the first time at the end of 2019 in the city of Wuhan (China), has spread worldwide in three years; it lead to the infection of more than 500 million people and about six million dead. SARS-CoV-2 has proved to be very dangerous for human health. Therefore, several efforts have been made in studying this virus. In a short time, about one year, the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and duplication and its physiological effect on human have been pointed out. Moreover, different vaccines against it have been developed and commercialized. To date, more than 11 billion doses have been inoculated all over the world. Since the beginning of the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved; it has done so by accumulating mutations in the genome, generating new virus versions showing different characteristics, and which have replaced the pre-existing variants. In general, it has been observed that the new variants show an increased infectivity and cause milder symptoms. The latest isolated Omicron variants contain more than 50 mutations in the whole genome and show an infectivity 10-folds higher compared to the wild-type strain. Here, we analyse the SARS-CoV-2 variants from a phylogenetic point of view and hypothesize a future scenario for SARS-CoV-2, by following its evolution to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Caputo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics-IGB-CNR, “A. Buzzati-Traverso”, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Mandrich
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems-IRET-CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Krittanawong C, Maitra N, Kumar A, Hahn J, Wang Z, Carrasco D, Zhang HJ, Sun T, Jneid H, Virani SS. COVID-19 and preventive strategy. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 2022; 12:153-169. [PMID: 36147788 PMCID: PMC9490164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In December 2019, an unprecedented outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) began to spread internationally, now impacting more than 293,750,692 patients with 5,454,131 deaths globally as of January 5, 2022. COVID-19 is highly pathogenic and contagious which has caused a large-scale epidemic impacting more deaths than the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2002-2003 or the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) epidemic in 2012-2013. Although COVID-19 symptoms are mild in most people, in those with pre-existing comorbidities there is an increased risk of progression to severe disease and death. In an attempt to mitigate this pandemic, urgent public health measures including quarantining exposed individuals and social distancing have been implemented in most states, while some states have even started the process of re-opening after considering both the economic and public health consequences of social distancing measures. While prevention is crucial, both novel agents and medications already in use with other indications are being investigated in clinical trials for patients with COVID-19. The collaboration between healthcare providers, health systems, patients, private sectors, and local and national governments is needed to protect both healthcare providers and patients to ultimately overcome this pandemic. The purpose of this review is to summarize the peer-reviewed and preprint literature on the epidemiology, transmission, clinical presentation, and available therapies as well as to propose a preventive strategy to overcome the present global pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayakrit Krittanawong
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of MedicineHouston, TX, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical CenterHouston, TX, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai HeartNew York, NY, USA
| | - Neil Maitra
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of MedicineHouston, TX, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Anirudh Kumar
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland ClinicCleveland, OH, USA
| | - Joshua Hahn
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of MedicineHouston, TX, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for The Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN, USA
- Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN, USA
| | - Daniela Carrasco
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of MedicineHouston, TX, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Hong Ju Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s HealthBeijing, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Division of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Hani Jneid
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of MedicineHouston, TX, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Salim S Virani
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of MedicineHouston, TX, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical CenterHouston, TX, USA
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Oueijan RI, Hill OR, Ahiawodzi PD, Fasinu PS, Thompson DK. Rare Heterogeneous Adverse Events Associated with mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:43. [PMID: 36005648 PMCID: PMC9416135 DOI: 10.3390/medicines9080043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Since the successful development, approval, and administration of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, there have been reports in the published literature, passive surveillance systems, and other pharmacovigilance platforms of a broad spectrum of adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination. A comprehensive review of the more serious adverse events associated with the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna mRNA vaccines is warranted, given the massive number of vaccine doses administered worldwide and the novel mechanism of action of these mRNA vaccines in the healthcare industry. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify relevant studies that have reported mRNA COVID-19 vaccine-related adverse events. Results: Serious and severe adverse events following mRNA COVID-19 vaccinations are rare. While a definitive causal relationship was not established in most cases, important adverse events associated with post-vaccination included rare and non-fatal myocarditis and pericarditis in younger vaccine recipients, thrombocytopenia, neurological effects such as seizures and orofacial events, skin reactions, and allergic hypersensitivities. Conclusions: As a relatively new set of vaccines already administered to billions of people, COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccines are generally safe and efficacious. Further studies on long-term adverse events and other unpredictable reactions in close proximity to mRNA vaccination are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana I. Oueijan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC 27501, USA
| | - Olivia R. Hill
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC 27501, USA
| | - Peter D. Ahiawodzi
- Department of Public Health, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC 27501, USA
| | - Pius S. Fasinu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Dorothea K. Thompson
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC 27501, USA
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Solid Organ Rejection following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination or COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081289. [PMID: 36016180 PMCID: PMC9412452 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Solid organ rejection post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COVID-19 infection is extremely rare but can occur. T-cell recognition of antigen is the primary and central event that leads to the cascade of events that result in rejection of a transplanted organ. Objectives: To describe the results of a systematic review for solid organ rejections following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COVID-19 infection. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched Proquest, Medline, Embase, Pubmed, CINAHL, Wiley online library, Scopus and Nature through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for studies on the incidence of solid organ rejection post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COVID-19 infection, published from 1 December 2019 to 31 May 2022, with English language restriction. Results: One hundred thirty-six cases from fifty-two articles were included in the qualitative synthesis of this systematic review (56 solid organs rejected post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and 40 solid organs rejected following COVID-19 infection). Cornea rejection (44 cases) was the most frequent organ observed post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and following COVID-19 infection, followed by kidney rejection (36 cases), liver rejection (12 cases), lung rejection (2 cases), heart rejection (1 case) and pancreas rejection (1 case). The median or mean patient age ranged from 23 to 94 years across the studies. The majority of the patients were male (n = 51, 53.1%) and were of White (Caucasian) (n = 51, 53.7%) and Hispanic (n = 15, 15.8%) ethnicity. A total of fifty-six solid organ rejections were reported post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination [Pfizer-BioNTech (n = 31), Moderna (n = 14), Oxford Uni-AstraZeneca (n = 10) and Sinovac-CoronaVac (n = 1)]. The median time from SARS-CoV-2 vaccination to organ rejection was 13.5 h (IQR, 3.2–17.2), while the median time from COVID-19 infection to organ rejection was 14 h (IQR, 5–21). Most patients were easily treated without any serious complications, recovered and did not require long-term allograft rejection therapy [graft success (n = 70, 85.4%), graft failure (n = 12, 14.6%), survived (n = 90, 95.7%) and died (n = 4, 4.3%)]. Conclusion: The reported evidence of solid organ rejections post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or COIVD-19 infection should not discourage vaccination against this worldwide pandemic. The number of reported cases is relatively small in relation to the hundreds of millions of vaccinations that have occurred, and the protective benefits offered by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination far outweigh the risks.
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Wang G, Wang L, Meng Z, Su X, Jia C, Qiao X, Pan S, Chen Y, Cheng Y, Zhu M. Visual Detection of COVID-19 from Materials Aspect. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2022; 4:1304-1333. [PMID: 35966612 PMCID: PMC9358106 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-022-00179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In the recent COVID-19 pandemic, World Health Organization emphasized that early detection is an effective strategy to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 viruses. Several diagnostic methods, such as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), have been applied based on the mechanism of specific recognition and binding of the probes to viruses or viral antigens. Although the remarkable progress, these methods still suffer from inadequate cellular materials or errors in the detection and sampling procedure of nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab collection. Therefore, developing accurate, ultrafast, and visualized detection calls for more advanced materials and technology urgently to fight against the epidemic. In this review, we first summarize the current methodologies for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Then, recent representative examples are introduced based on various output signals (e.g., colorimetric, fluorometric, electronic, acoustic). Finally, we discuss the limitations of the methods and provide our perspectives on priorities for future test development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Zheyi Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Xiaolong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Chao Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Xiaolan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Shaowu Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Yinjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Yanhua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
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Kouhpayeh H, Ansari H. Adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108906. [PMID: 35671640 PMCID: PMC9148928 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High speed of COVID-19 vaccination has raised some concerns about the safety of the new vaccines. It is of a great importance to perform a review of the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS Two International electronic databases (PubMed, ISI) were searched for clinical trials reporting efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines compared to control group. Pooled risk ratio (RR) for total, systemic and local adverse events following immunization was calculated for different vaccine modalities. RESULTS The pooled RRs of total adverse reactions for Inactivated, mRNA, and vector vaccines were 1.46 (95% CI: 1.19-1.78), 2.01 (95% CI: 1.82 - 2.23), and 1.65 (95% CI: 1.31 - 2.32) respectively. The pooled RR for occurrence of systemic adverse reactions following immunization for different vaccine modalities was 1.13 (95% CI: 0.79 - 1.61), 1.53 (95% CI 1.08 - 2.16), 1.58 (95% CI: 1.13 - 1.90), 0.72 (95% CI: 0.34 - 1.55), and 1.62 (95% CI: 1.39 - 1.89) for inactivated vaccine, mRNA, vector, DNA, and protein subunit vaccines respectively. The pooled RR of local adverse event following immunization with inactivated vaccine, mRNA vaccine, vector vaccine, DNA vaccine, and protein subunit vaccine was 2.18 (95% CI: 1.32 - 3.59), 4.96 (95% CI: 4.02 - 6.11), 1.48 (95% CI: 0.88-2.50) 1.04 (95% CI: 0.12-8.75), and 4.09 (95% CI: 2.63-6.35) respectively. CONCLUSION mRNA vaccines are associated with greater risk of adverse events following immunization. However, at the present moment the benefits of all types of vaccines approved by WHO, still outweigh the risks of them and vaccination if available, is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Kouhpayeh
- Tropical and Infectious Diseases Department, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Research Center, Emam Ali Hospital, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Hossein Ansari
- Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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miri C, Bouchlarhem A, boulouiz S, El ouafi N, Bazid Z. Pulmonary embolism with junctional tachycardia: A serious complication after COVID-19 vaccination. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 80:103983. [PMID: 35784614 PMCID: PMC9238028 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Su X, Wang Y, Mao J, Chen Y, Yin AT, Zhao B, Zhang H, Liu M. A Review of Pharmaceutical Robot based on Hyperspectral Technology. J INTELL ROBOT SYST 2022; 105:75. [PMID: 35909703 PMCID: PMC9306415 DOI: 10.1007/s10846-022-01602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The quality and safety of medicinal products are related to patients’ lives and health. Therefore, quality inspection takes a key role in the pharmaceutical industry. Most of the previous solutions are based on machine vision, however, their performance is limited by the RGB sensor. The pharmaceutical visual inspection robot combined with hyperspectral imaging technology is becoming a new trend in the high-end medical quality inspection process since the hyperspectral data can provide spectral information with spatial knowledge. Yet, there is no comprehensive review about hyperspectral imaging-based medicinal products inspection. This paper focuses on the pivotal pharmaceutical applications, including counterfeit drugs detection, active component analysis of tables, and quality testing of herbal medicines and other medical materials. We discuss the technology and hardware of Raman spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging, firstly. Furthermore, we review these technologies in pharmaceutical scenarios. Finally, the development tendency and prospect of hyperspectral imaging technology-based robots in the field of pharmaceutical quality inspection is summarized.
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Barbaud A, Garvey LH, Arcolaci A, Brockow K, Mori F, Mayorga C, Bonadonna P, Atanaskovic‐Markovic M, Moral L, Zanoni G, Pagani M, Soria A, Jošt M, Caubet J, Carmo A, Mona A, Alvarez‐Perea A, Bavbek S, Benedetta B, Bilo M, Blanca‐López N, Bogas HG, Buonomo A, Calogiuri G, Carli G, Cernadas J, Cortellini G, Celik G, Demir S, Doña I, Dursun AB, Eberlein B, Faria E, Fernandes B, Garcez T, Garcia‐Nunez I, Gawlik R, Gelincik A, Gomes E, Gooi JHC, Grosber M, Gülen T, Hacard F, Hoarau C, Janson C, Johnston SL, Joerg L, Kepil Özdemir S, Klimek L, Košnik M, Kowalski ML, Kuyucu S, Kvedariene V, Laguna JJ, Lombardo C, Marinho S, Merk H, Meucci E, Morisset M, Munoz‐Cano R, Murzilli F, Nakonechna A, Popescu F, Porebski G, Radice A, Regateiro FS, Röckmann H, Romano A, Sargur R, Sastre J, Scherer Hofmeier K, Sedláčková L, Sobotkova M, Terreehorst I, Treudler R, Walusiak‐Skorupa J, Wedi B, Wöhrl S, Zidarn M, Zuberbier T, Agache I, Torres MJ. Allergies and COVID-19 vaccines: An ENDA/EAACI Position paper. Allergy 2022; 77:2292-2312. [PMID: 35112371 DOI: 10.1111/all.15241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaphylaxis, which is rare, has been reported after COVID-19 vaccination, but its management is not standardized. METHOD Members of the European Network for Drug Allergy and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology interested in drug allergy participated in an online questionnaire on pre-vaccination screening and management of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines, and literature was analysed. RESULTS No death due to anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines has been confirmed in scientific literature. Potential allergens, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysorbate and tromethamine are excipients. The authors propose allergy evaluation of persons with the following histories: 1-anaphylaxis to injectable drug or vaccine containing PEG or derivatives; 2-anaphylaxis to oral/topical PEG containing products; 3-recurrent anaphylaxis of unknown cause; 4-suspected or confirmed allergy to any mRNA vaccine; and 5-confirmed allergy to PEG or derivatives. We recommend a prick-to-prick skin test with the left-over solution in the suspected vaccine vial to avoid waste. Prick test panel should include PEG 4000 or 3500, PEG 2000 and polysorbate 80. The value of in vitro test is arguable. CONCLUSIONS These recommendations will lead to a better knowledge of the management and mechanisms involved in anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines and enable more people with history of allergy to be vaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annick Barbaud
- Sorbonne UniversitéINSERMInstitut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé PubliqueAP‐HP.Sorbonne Université, Hôpital TenonDépartement de dermatologie et allergologie Paris France
| | - Lene Heise Garvey
- Allergy ClinicCopenhagen University Hospital at Gentofte Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Alessandra Arcolaci
- Immunology UnitUniversity Hospital of VeronaPoliclinico G.B. Rossi Verona Italy
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein Faculty of Medicine Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Francesca Mori
- Allergy Unit Department of Pediatrics Meyer Children’s University Hospital
| | - Cristobalina Mayorga
- Allergy Clinical Unit Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga‐Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA ARADyAL, Málaga Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Moral
- Moral Luis. Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Unit Alicante University General Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL) Alicante Spain
| | - Giovanna Zanoni
- Giovanna Zanoni, Immunology Unit, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona Italy
| | - Mauro Pagani
- Medicine Department Medicine Ward Mantova HospitalASST di Mantova Italy
| | - Angèle Soria
- Sorbonne UniversitéINSERM 1135 Cimi‐ParisHôpital TenonAssistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de ParisDepartement de dermatologie et d'allergologie Paris France
| | - Maja Jošt
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik Golnik Slovenia
| | - Jean‐Christoph Caubet
- Department of Women‐Children‐Teenagers University Hospital of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Abreu Carmo
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit Centro Hospitalar de Trás‐os‐Montes e Alto DouroVila Real and Allergy and Clinical Immunology UnitCentro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga Aveiro Portugal
| | - Al‐Ahmad Mona
- Microbiology Department Faculty of MedicineKuwait University Kuwait
| | | | - Sevim Bavbek
- School of Medicine Department of Pulmonary Diseases Division of Allergy FAAAIAnkara University Ankara Turkey
| | - Biagioni Benedetta
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Disease IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di Bologna Italy
| | - M.Beatrice Bilo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences Università Politecnica delle Marche Ancona Italy
- Allergy Unit ‐ Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona Italy
| | | | - Herrera Gádor Bogas
- Allergy Research Group Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA, and Allergy UnitHospital Regional Universitario de Málaga‐HRUM Málaga Spain
| | - Alessandro Buonomo
- Allergy Unit ‐ Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS ‐ Largo Gemelli Rome Italy
| | | | - Giulia Carli
- SOS Allergologia e ImmunologiaAzienda USL Toscana CentroOspedale S. Stefano Prato Italy
| | - Josefina Cernadas
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department Centro Hospitalar Universitário de S. JoãoPorto and Allergy UnitHospital Lusíadas Porto Portugal
| | - Gabriele Cortellini
- Allergy Unit Departments of Internal Medicine Azienda Sanitaria della RomagnaRimini, Hospital Rimini Italy
| | - Gülfem Celik
- Department of Chest Diseases Division of Immunology and allergy Ankara University School of Medicine cebeci Hospital Ankara Turkey
| | - Semra Demir
- Istanbul UniversityIstanbul Faculty of MedicineInternal MedicineImmunology and Allergic Diseases Istanbul Turkey
| | - Inmaculada Doña
- Allergy Research Group Allergy UnitHospital Regional Universitario de MálagaInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMAPlaza del Hospital Civil s/n Málaga Spain
| | | | - Bernadette Eberlein
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Emilia Faria
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit Centro Hospitalar E Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | | | - Tomaz Garcez
- Immunology Department Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK
| | | | - Radoslaw Gawlik
- Department of Internal Diseases, Allergology and Clinical Immunology Medical University of Silesia Katowice Poland
| | - Asli Gelincik
- Istanbul UniversityIstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Immunology and Allergic Diseases Istanbul Turkey
| | - Eva Gomes
- Allergy Department Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto Porto Portugal
| | - Jimmy H. C. Gooi
- Department of Clinical Immunology King’s College Hospital London UK
| | - Martine Grosber
- Department of Dermatology Universitair ZiekenhuisVrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Belgium
| | - Theo Gülen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Department of Medicine Karolinska University Hospital HuddingeKarolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Florence Hacard
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department Centre Hospitalier Lyon‐Sud Pierre‐Bénite France
| | - Cyrille Hoarau
- Service transversal d'allergologie et immunologie clinique CHR de Tours Tours France
| | | | | | - Lukas Joerg
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department of Pneumology, Inselspital Bern University HospitalUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Seçil Kepil Özdemir
- Department of Chest Diseases Division of Allergy and Immunology Chest Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital Izmir Turkey
| | - Ludger Klimek
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology Wiesbaden Germany
| | | | - Marek L. Kowalski
- Department of Immunology and Allergy Medical University of Lodz Poland
| | - Semanur Kuyucu
- Faculty of Medicine Dpt of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Mersin University Mersin Turkey
| | - Violeta Kvedariene
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Vilnius UniversityInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Jose Julio Laguna
- Allergy Unit, Allergo‐Anaesthesia Unit Faculty of Medicine Hospital Central de la Cruz RojaAlfonso X El Sabio University Madrid Spain
| | | | - Susana Marinho
- Allergy Centre Wythenshawe HospitalManchester University NHS Foundation Trust and University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | | | - Elisa Meucci
- SOS Allergologia ed Immunologia clinicaAzienda USL Toscana CentroOspedale San Giovanni di Dio Firenze Italy
| | | | | | | | - Alla Nakonechna
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department University of LiverpoolRoyal Preston HospitalLancashire Teaching HospitalsNHS Foundation Trust UK
| | - Florin‐Dan Popescu
- Department of Allergology Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyNicolae Malaxa Clinical Hospital Bucharest Romania
| | - Grzegorz Porebski
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow Poland
| | - Anna Radice
- SOS Allergologia ed Immunologia clinicaAzienda USL Toscana CentroOspedale San Giovanni di Dio Firenze Italy
| | - Frederico S. Regateiro
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit Centro Hospitalar E Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- Institute of Immunology Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- ICBR ‐ Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical ResearchCIBBFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Heike Röckmann
- Department of Dermatology University Medical Centre Utrecht‐Heidelberglaan 100 Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | - Ravishankar Sargur
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit Northern General HospitalSheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Sheffield UK
| | - Joaquin Sastre
- Allergy Department Fundación Jiménez DiazUniversidad Autonoma de MadridCIBERESInstituto de Salud Carlos III Spain
| | | | | | - Marta Sobotkova
- Department of Immunology Motol University Hospital and 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | | | - Regina Treudler
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology Universitätsmedizin Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Jolanta Walusiak‐Skorupa
- Department of Occupational Diseases and Environmental Health Walusiak‐Skorupa JolantaNofer Institute of Occupational Medicine Lodz Poland
| | - Bettina Wedi
- Department of Dermatology & Allergy OE6600Comprehensive Allergy CenterHannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | | | - Mihael Zidarn
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases GolnikGolnik, and Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Torsten Zuberbier
- Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin BerlinKlinik für Dermatologie Berlin Germany
| | - Ioana Agache
- Faculty of Medicine Transylvania University Brasov Romania
| | - Maria J. Torres
- Allergy Unit Regional University Hospital of MalagaIBIMA‐UMA‐ARADyAL Malaga Spain
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Shin K, Suh HW, Grundler J, Lynn AY, Pothupitiya JU, Moscato ZM, Reschke M, Bracaglia LG, Piotrowski-Daspit AS, Saltzman WM. Polyglycerol and Poly(ethylene glycol) exhibit different effects on pharmacokinetics and antibody generation when grafted to nanoparticle surfaces. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121676. [PMID: 35849999 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is widely employed for passivating nanoparticle (NP) surfaces to prolong blood circulation and enhance localization of NPs to target tissue. However, the immune response of PEGylated NPs-including anti-PEG antibody generation, accelerated blood clearance (ABC), and loss of delivery efficacy-is of some concern, especially for treatments that require repeat administrations. Although polyglycerol (PG), which has the same ethylene oxide backbone as PEG, has received attention as an alternative to PEG for NP coatings, the pharmacokinetic and immunogenic impact of PG has not been studied systematically. Here, linear PG, hyperbranched PG (hPG), and PEG-coated polylactide (PLA) NPs with varying surface densities were studied in parallel to determine the pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity of PG and hPG grafting, in comparison with PEG. We found that linear PG imparted the NPs a stealth property comparable to PEG, while hPG-grafted NPs needed a higher surface density to achieve the same pharmacokinetic impact. While linear PG-grafted NPs induced anti-PEG antibody production in mice, they exhibited minimal accelerated blood clearance (ABC) effects due to the poor interaction with anti-PEG immunoglobulin M (IgM). Further, we observed no anti-polymer IgM responses or ABC effects for hPG-grafted NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangsoo Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Hee-Won Suh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Julian Grundler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Anna Y Lynn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Jinal U Pothupitiya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Zoe M Moscato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Melanie Reschke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Laura G Bracaglia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | | | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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Corey KB, Koo G, Stone CA, Kroop SF, Fissell WH, Kozlowski S, Zhou ZH, Phillips EJ. A case of coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccine tolerance and immune response despite presence of anti-polyethylene glycol antibodies. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022; 129:246-248. [PMID: 35605816 PMCID: PMC9181833 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen B Corey
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Grace Koo
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Cosby A Stone
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Susan F Kroop
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - William H Fissell
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Steven Kozlowski
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Zhao-Hua Zhou
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth J Phillips
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Institute for Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia.
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95
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Pi L, Lin J, Zheng Y, Wang Z, Zhou Z. Case Report: Subacute thyroiditis after receiving inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV). Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:918721. [PMID: 35935798 PMCID: PMC9355607 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.918721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Subacute thyroiditis, an inflammatory disease, has been reported caused by vaccines in rare cases. In the context of the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic, various SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been developed and may be potential triggers for subacute thyroiditis. Case presentation We report a case of subacute thyroiditis 3 days after receiving the second dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV). The patient did not report a previous history of thyroid disease, upper respiratory tract infection, or COVID-19. Physical examination, laboratory testing, ultrasonography, and radioactive iodine uptake were consistent with subacute thyroiditis. During follow-up, the patient recovered from symptoms and signs, and imaging changes except for hypothyroidism, requiring an ongoing thyroxine replacement. Conclusions Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine may be a causal trigger leading to subacute thyroiditis. Clinicians should be aware of subacute thyroiditis as a possible thyroid-related side effect of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhua Pi
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Center for Medical Research, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Wang
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
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96
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Hartwell BL, Melo MB, Xiao P, Lemnios AA, Li N, Chang JY, Yu J, Gebre MS, Chang A, Maiorino L, Carter C, Moyer TJ, Dalvie NC, Rodriguez-Aponte SA, Rodrigues KA, Silva M, Suh H, Adams J, Fontenot J, Love JC, Barouch DH, Villinger F, Ruprecht RM, Irvine DJ. Intranasal vaccination with lipid-conjugated immunogens promotes antigen transmucosal uptake to drive mucosal and systemic immunity. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn1413. [PMID: 35857825 PMCID: PMC9835395 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
To combat the HIV epidemic and emerging threats such as SARS-CoV-2, immunization strategies are needed that elicit protection at mucosal portals of pathogen entry. Immunization directly through airway surfaces is effective in driving mucosal immunity, but poor vaccine uptake across the mucus and epithelial lining is a limitation. The major blood protein albumin is constitutively transcytosed bidirectionally across the airway epithelium through interactions with neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn). Exploiting this biology, here, we demonstrate a strategy of "albumin hitchhiking" to promote mucosal immunity using an intranasal vaccine consisting of protein immunogens modified with an amphiphilic albumin-binding polymer-lipid tail, forming amph-proteins. Amph-proteins persisted in the nasal mucosa of mice and nonhuman primates and exhibited increased uptake into the tissue in an FcRn-dependent manner, leading to enhanced germinal center responses in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue. Intranasal immunization with amph-conjugated HIV Env gp120 or SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) proteins elicited 100- to 1000-fold higher antigen-specific IgG and IgA titers in the serum, upper and lower respiratory mucosa, and distal genitourinary mucosae of mice compared to unmodified protein. Amph-RBD immunization induced high titers of SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies in serum, nasal washes, and bronchoalveolar lavage. Furthermore, intranasal amph-protein immunization in rhesus macaques elicited 10-fold higher antigen-specific IgG and IgA responses in the serum and nasal mucosa compared to unmodified protein, supporting the translational potential of this approach. These results suggest that using amph-protein vaccines to deliver antigen across mucosal epithelia is a promising strategy to promote mucosal immunity against HIV, SARS-CoV-2, and other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L. Hartwell
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mariane B. Melo
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Peng Xiao
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Ashley A. Lemnios
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Na Li
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jason Y.H. Chang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jingyou Yu
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Makda S. Gebre
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aiquan Chang
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Laura Maiorino
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Crystal Carter
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Tyson J. Moyer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Neil C. Dalvie
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sergio A. Rodriguez-Aponte
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kristen A. Rodrigues
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Murillo Silva
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Heikyung Suh
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Josetta Adams
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jane Fontenot
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - J. Christopher Love
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Dan H. Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Francois Villinger
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560 USA
| | - Ruth M. Ruprecht
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Darrell J. Irvine
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA
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97
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Tunbridge M, Perkins G, Lee M, Salehi T, Yuson C, Le A, Ryoo D, Kette F, Smith W, Gold M, Hissaria P. COVID vaccination can be completed in subjects with a history of allergic reactions to the vaccines or their components - experience from a specialist clinic in South Australia. Intern Med J 2022; 52:1884-1890. [PMID: 35848521 PMCID: PMC9350084 DOI: 10.1111/imj.15888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of vaccines against SARS-CoV2 has been a key public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, since their introduction there have been reports of anaphylactic reactions in vaccinees with history of allergy. We developed an allergy testing protocol allowing vaccination with available COVID-19 vaccines in Australia. Patients referred to a state-wide COVID-19 vaccine allergy clinic between March and August 2021 with a history of allergy underwent skin prick testing and intradermal testing to both available vaccine formulations (BNT162b2, ChAdOx1-S), excipients (polyethylene glycol, polysorbate 80), excipient-containing medications, and controls. Where available, basophil activation testing was conducted. 53 patients underwent testing for possible excipient allergy (n = 19), previous non-COVID vaccine reaction (n = 13), or previous reaction to dose 1 of COVID-19 vaccine (n = 21). Patients were predominantly female (n = 43, 81%), aged 18-83 (median 54) years. 44 patients tested negative and 42 of these received at least their first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. 9 patients tested positive to excipients or excipient-containing medication only (n = 3), or vaccines (n = 6). 5 patients were positive to just BNT162b2, 3/5 have been vaccinated with ChAdOx1-S. 1 who was skin test positive to both vaccines, but negative BAT to ChAdOx1-S was successfully vaccinated with ChAdOx1-S. Even in a high-risk population, most patients can be vaccinated with available COVID-19 vaccines. This paper reports local experiences using a combined allergy testing protocol with skin testing and BAT during the pandemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Tunbridge
- Immunology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Griffith Perkins
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Maverick Lee
- Immunology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tania Salehi
- Immunology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.,University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Chino Yuson
- Immunology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Adriana Le
- Immunology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dongjae Ryoo
- Immunology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Frank Kette
- Immunology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - William Smith
- Immunology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael Gold
- Women's and Children's Hospital, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Pravin Hissaria
- Immunology Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.,SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
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98
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García-Grimshaw M, Galnares-Olalde JA, Bello-Chavolla OY, Michel-Chávez A, Cadena-Fernández A, Briseño-Godínez ME, Antonio-Villa NE, Nuñez I, Gutiérrez-Romero A, Hernández-Vanegas L, Saniger-Alba MDM, Carrillo-Mezo R, Ceballos-Liceaga SE, Carbajal-Sandoval G, Flores-Silva FD, Díaz-Ortega JL, Cortes-Alcalá R, Pérez-Padilla JR, López-Gatell H, Chiquete E, Reyes-Terán G, Arauz A, Valdés-Ferrer SI. Incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome following SARS-CoV-2 immunization: Analysis of a nationwide registry of recipients of 81 million doses of seven vaccines. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:3368-3379. [PMID: 35841212 PMCID: PMC9349509 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose Information on Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) as an adverse event following immunization (AEFI) against SARS‐CoV‐2 remains scarce. We aimed to report GBS incidence as an AEFI among adult (≥18 years) recipients of 81,842,426 doses of seven anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines between December 24, 2020, and October 29, 2021, in Mexico. Methods Cases were retrospectively collected through passive epidemiological surveillance. The overall observed incidence was calculated according to the total number of administered doses. Vaccines were analyzed individually and by vector as mRNA‐based (mRNA‐1273 and BNT162b2), adenovirus‐vectored (ChAdOx1 nCov‐19, rAd26‐rAd5, Ad5‐nCoV, and Ad26.COV2‐S), and inactivated whole‐virion‐vectored (CoronaVac) vaccines. Results We identified 97 patients (52 males [53.6%]; median [interquartile range] age 44 [33–60] years), for an overall observed incidence of 1.19/1,000,000 doses (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97–1.45), with incidence higher among Ad26.COV2‐S (3.86/1,000,000 doses, 95% CI 1.50–9.93) and BNT162b2 recipients (1.92/1,00,000 doses, 95% CI 1.36–2.71). The interval (interquartile range) from vaccination to GBS symptom onset was 10 (3–17) days. Preceding diarrhea was reported in 21 patients (21.6%) and mild COVID‐19 in four more (4.1%). Only 18 patients were tested for Campylobacter jejuni (positive in 16 [88.9%]). Electrophysiological examinations were performed in 76 patients (78.4%; axonal in 46 [60.5%] and demyelinating in 25 [32.8%]); variants were similar across the platforms. On admission, 91.8% had a GBS disability score ≥3. Seventy‐five patients (77.3%) received intravenous immunoglobulin, received seven plasma exchange (7.2%), and 15 (15.5%) were treated conservatively. Ten patients (10.3%) died, and 79.1% of survivors were unable to walk independently. Conclusions Guillain–Barré syndrome was an extremely infrequent AEFI against SARS‐CoV‐2. The protection provided by these vaccines outweighs the risk of developing GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel García-Grimshaw
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Hospital General Tijuana, Tijuana, Mexico
| | | | | | - Anaclara Michel-Chávez
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Cadena-Fernández
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Eugenia Briseño-Godínez
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Neftali Eduardo Antonio-Villa
- Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico.,MD/PhD (PECEM) Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isaac Nuñez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alonso Gutiérrez-Romero
- Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Hernández-Vanegas
- Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Del Mar Saniger-Alba
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roger Carrillo-Mezo
- Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Fernando Daniel Flores-Silva
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Luis Díaz-Ortega
- Centro Nacional para la Salud de la Infancia y la Adolescencia, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Erwin Chiquete
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Reyes-Terán
- Comisión Coordinadora de Institutos Nacionales de Salud y Hospitales de Alta Especialidad
| | - Antonio Arauz
- Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Iván Valdés-Ferrer
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
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99
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Akaishi T, Takahashi T, Sato S, Jin X, Masamune A, Ishii T. Prolonged Diarrhea Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report and Literature Review. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2022; 257:251-259. [PMID: 35644543 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2022.j043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is currently underway across countries worldwide. However, the prevalence and characteristics of prolonged adverse events lasting for several months after receiving the vaccine remain largely unknown. We herein report a 46-year-old woman with prolonged diarrhea and vomiting after receiving the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine for COVID-19. She had no notable medical history, including that of gastrointestinal diseases. She developed vomiting several hours after receiving the first vaccine dose and further developed severe diarrhea after 7 days. Several days after the second vaccine dose, her condition deteriorated, unrelieved by symptomatic therapies, including anti-diarrheal drugs. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed inflammatory changes in the entire segment of the small intestine with wall thickening. The upper and lower gastrointestinal and capsule endoscopies were unremarkable. The patient's symptoms persisted for more than 6 months after the second vaccine dose. A Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) database search suggested that diarrhea is observed in approximately 3% of all vaccine recipients, but a literature review indicated that prolonged gastrointestinal symptoms lasting for several months is very rare. In summary, a case of prolonged unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms, possibly based on inflammatory changes in the small intestine, is described. A literature search revealed that this type of manifestation is very rare, and further evidence is needed to determine the causality between vaccination and gastrointestinal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Akaishi
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital.,Division of General Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Takahiro Takahashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Satoko Sato
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Xiaoyi Jin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tadashi Ishii
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital.,Division of General Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital
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100
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Luxi N, Giovanazzi A, Arcolaci A, Bonadonna P, Crivellaro MA, Cutroneo PM, Ferrajolo C, Furci F, Guidolin L, Moretti U, Olivieri E, Petrelli G, Zanoni G, Senna G, Trifirò G. Allergic Reactions to COVID-19 Vaccines: Risk Factors, Frequency, Mechanisms and Management. BioDrugs 2022; 36:443-458. [PMID: 35696066 PMCID: PMC9190452 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-022-00536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Conventional vaccines have been widely studied, along with their risk of causing allergic reactions. These generally consist of mild local reactions and only rarely severe anaphylaxis. Although all the current COVID-19 vaccines marketed in Europe have been shown to be safe overall in the general population, early post-marketing evidence has shown that mRNA-based vaccines using novel platforms (i.e., lipid nanoparticles) were associated with an increased risk of severe allergic reactions as compared to conventional vaccines. In this paper we performed an updated literature review on frequency, risk factors, and underlying mechanisms of COVID-19 vaccine-related allergies by searching MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases. We also conducted a qualitative search on VigiBase and EudraVigilance databases to identify reports of "Hypersensitivity" and "Anaphylactic reaction" potentially related to COVID-19 vaccines (Comirnaty, Spikevax, Vaxzevria and COVID-19 Janssen Vaccine), and in EudraVigilance to estimate the reporting rates of "Anaphylactic reaction" and "Anaphylactic shock" after COVID-19 vaccination in the European population. We also summarized the scientific societies' and regulatory agencies' recommendations for prevention and management of COVID-19 vaccine-related allergic reactions, especially in those with a history of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Luxi
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alexia Giovanazzi
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Arcolaci
- Immunology Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bonadonna
- Asthma Centre and Allergy Unit, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Angiola Crivellaro
- Department of Cardiac-Thoracic-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Maria Cutroneo
- Sicilian Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmen Ferrajolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Furci
- Immunology Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucia Guidolin
- Asthma Centre and Allergy Unit, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Ugo Moretti
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Olivieri
- Asthma Centre and Allergy Unit, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuliana Petrelli
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zanoni
- Immunology Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianenrico Senna
- Asthma Centre and Allergy Unit, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Trifirò
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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