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52
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Regoli M, Tosi GM, Neri G, Altera A, Orazioli D, Bertelli E. The Peculiar Pattern of Type IV Collagen Deposition in Epiretinal Membranes. J Histochem Cytochem 2019; 68:149-162. [PMID: 31858878 DOI: 10.1369/0022155419897258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic epiretinal membranes are sheets of tissue that develop in the vitreoretinal interface. They are formed by cells and extracellular matrix, and they are considered the expression of a fibrotic disorder of the eye. Confocal and immunoelectron microscopy of the extracellular matrix of excised membranes, revealed high contents of type IV collagen. It was distributed within epiretinal membranes in basement membrane-like structures associated with cells and in interstitial deposits. In both cases, type IV collagen was always associated with type I collagen. Col IV was also coupled with Col VI and laminin. At high magnification, type IV collagen immunolabelling was associated with interstitial deposits and showed a reticular appearance due to the intersection of beaded microfilaments. The microfilaments are about 12 nm in diameter with interbead distance of 30-40 nm. Cells of the epiretinal membranes showed intracellular lysosome-like bodies heavily labeled for type IV collagen suggesting an active role in membrane remodeling. Hence, type IV collagen is not necessarily always associated with basement membranes; the molecular interactions that it may develop when not incorporated in basement membranes are still unknown. It is conceivable, however, that they might have implications in the progression of epiretinal membranes and other fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marì Regoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Tosi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Neri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Altera
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Orazioli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Eugenio Bertelli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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53
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Mereness JA, Bhattacharya S, Ren Y, Wang Q, Anderson CS, Donlon K, Dylag AM, Haak J, Angelin A, Bonaldo P, Mariani TJ. Collagen VI Deficiency Results in Structural Abnormalities in the Mouse Lung. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 190:426-441. [PMID: 31837950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Collagen VI (COL6) is known for its role in a spectrum of congenital muscular dystrophies, which are often accompanied by respiratory dysfunction. However, little is known regarding the function of COL6 in the lung. We confirmed the presence of COL6 throughout the basement membrane region of mouse lung tissue. Lung structure and organization were studied in a previously described Col6a1-/- mouse, which does not produce detectable COL6 in the lung. The Col6a1-/- mouse displayed histopathologic alveolar and airway abnormalities. The airspaces of Col6a1-/- lungs appeared simplified, with larger (29%; P < 0.01) and fewer (31%; P < 0.001) alveoli. These airspace abnormalities included reduced isolectin B4+ alveolar capillaries and surfactant protein C-positive alveolar epithelial type-II cells. Alterations in lung function consistent with these histopathologic changes were evident. Col6a1-/- mice also displayed multiple airway changes, including increased branching (59%; P < 0.001), increased mucosal thickness (34%; P < 0.001), and increased epithelial cell density (13%; P < 0.001). Comprehensive transcriptome analysis revealed that the loss of COL6 is associated with reductions in integrin-paxillin-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling in vivo. In vitro, COL6 promoted steady-state phosphorylated paxillin levels and reduced cell density (16% to 28%; P < 0.05) at confluence. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, or its downstream effectors, resulted in increased cell density to a level similar to that seen on matrices lacking COL6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared A Mereness
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Soumyaroop Bhattacharya
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Yue Ren
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Qian Wang
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Christopher S Anderson
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Kathy Donlon
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Andrew M Dylag
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Jeannie Haak
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Alessia Angelin
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Thomas J Mariani
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.
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54
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Hartanti MD, Hummitzsch K, Irving-Rodgers HF, Bonner WM, Copping KJ, Anderson RA, McMillen IC, Perry VEA, Rodgers RJ. Morphometric and gene expression analyses of stromal expansion during development of the bovine fetal ovary. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:482-495. [PMID: 30501845 DOI: 10.1071/rd18218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During ovarian development stroma from the mesonephros penetrates and expands into the ovarian primordium and thus appears to be involved, at least physically, in the formation of ovigerous cords, follicles and surface epithelium. Cortical stromal development during gestation in bovine fetal ovaries (n=27) was characterised by immunohistochemistry and by mRNA analyses. Stroma was identified by immunostaining of stromal matrix collagen type I and proliferating cells were identified by Ki67 expression. The cortical and medullar volume expanded across gestation, with the rate of cortical expansion slowing over time. During gestation, the proportion of stroma in the cortex and total volume in the cortex significantly increased (P<0.05). The proliferation index and numerical density of proliferating cells in the stroma significantly decreased (P<0.05), whereas the numerical density of cells in the stroma did not change (P>0.05). The expression levels of 12 genes out of 18 examined, including osteoglycin (OGN) and lumican (LUM), were significantly increased later in development (P<0.05) and the expression of many genes was positively correlated with other genes and with gestational age. Thus, the rate of cortical stromal expansion peaked in early gestation due to cell proliferation, whilst late in development expression of extracellular matrix genes increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Hartanti
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - K Hummitzsch
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - H F Irving-Rodgers
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - W M Bonner
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - K J Copping
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - R A Anderson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - I C McMillen
- The Chancellery, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - V E A Perry
- School of Veterinary and Medical Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - R J Rodgers
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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55
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Rasmussen DGK, Boesby L, Nielsen SH, Tepel M, Birot S, Karsdal MA, Kamper AL, Genovese F. Collagen turnover profiles in chronic kidney disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16062. [PMID: 31690732 PMCID: PMC6831687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD) caused by an imbalance between formation and degradation of extracellular matrix proteins. We investigated the collagen turnover profile of 81 non-dialysis CKD stage 2-5 patients by measuring peptides reflecting formation and degradation of collagen type (COL) I, III, IV, and VI. Based on the collagen turnover profile, we identified four clusters of patients. Cluster 1 contained one patient with prostate cancer, who had a distinct collagen turnover. The other clusters generally had severe (Cluster 2), moderate (Cluster 4), or mild CKD (Cluster 3). Cluster 4 patients were characterized by higher levels of COL III, COL IV, and COL VI (all p < 0.001) degradation fragments in plasma, while patients in Clusters 2 and 4 had higher levels of COL VI formation (p < 0.05). COL IV fragments in plasma were lower in Cluster 2 (p < 0.01). Urinary COL III fragments decreased from Cluster 3 to 4, and from Cluster 4 to 2 (both p < 0.001). We show that patients with similar kidney function have a different collagen remodeling profile, suggesting that different phenotypes exist with different disease activity and potentially disease progression. Biomarkers of collagen remodeling could provide additional information to traditional markers of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Guldager Kring Rasmussen
- Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark.
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Lene Boesby
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Nephrology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Signe Holm Nielsen
- Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Martin Tepel
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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56
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Mortensen JH, Lindholm M, Langholm LL, Kjeldsen J, Bay-Jensen AC, Karsdal MA, Manon-Jensen T. The intestinal tissue homeostasis - the role of extracellular matrix remodeling in inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 13:977-993. [PMID: 31587588 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2019.1673729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling of the intestinal tissue is important in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to the extensive mucosal remodeling. There are still gaps in our knowledge as to how ECM remodeling is related to intestinal epithelium homeostasis and healing of the intestinal mucosa.Areas covered: The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of the ECM in relation to the pathogenesis of IBD, while addressing basement membrane and interstitial matrix remodeling, and the processes of wound healing of the intestinal tissue in IBD.Expert opinion: In IBD, basement membrane remodeling may reflect the integrity of the intestinal epithelial-cell homeostasis. The interstitial matrix remodeling is associated with deep inflammation such as the transmural inflammation as seen in fistulas and intestinal fibrosis leading to fibrostenotic strictures, in patients with CD. The interplay between wound healing processes and ECM remodeling also affects the tissue homeostasis in IBD. The interstitial matrix, produced by fibroblasts, holds a very different biology as compared to the epithelial basement membrane in IBD. In combination with integration of wound healing, quantifying the interplay between damage and repair to these sub compartments may provide essential information in IBD patient profiling, mucosal healing and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Mortensen
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - M Lindholm
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense University hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - L L Langholm
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - J Kjeldsen
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense University hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - A C Bay-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - M A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - T Manon-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
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57
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Scott LE, Weinberg SH, Lemmon CA. Mechanochemical Signaling of the Extracellular Matrix in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:135. [PMID: 31380370 PMCID: PMC6658819 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a critical process in embryonic development in which epithelial cells undergo a transdifferentiation into mesenchymal cells. This process is essential for tissue patterning and organization, and it has also been implicated in a wide array of pathologies. While the intracellular signaling pathways that regulate EMT are well-understood, there is increasing evidence that the mechanical properties and composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) also play a key role in regulating EMT. In turn, EMT drives changes in the mechanics and composition of the ECM, creating a feedback loop that is tightly regulated in healthy tissues, but is often dysregulated in disease. Here we present a review that summarizes our understanding of how ECM mechanics and composition regulate EMT, and how in turn EMT alters ECM mechanics and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis E Scott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Christopher A Lemmon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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58
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Liu C, Li L, Ge M, Gu L, Wang M, Zhang K, Su Y, Zhang Y, Liu C, Lan M, Yu Y, Wang T, Li Q, Zhao Y, Yu Z, Li N, Meng Q. Overexpression of miR-29 Leads to Myopathy that Resemble Pathology of Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050459. [PMID: 31096686 PMCID: PMC6562860 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) bring heavy burden to patients’ families and society. Because the incidence of this disease is very low, studies in patients are extremely limited. Animal models of this disease are indispensable. UCMD belongs to extracellular matrix-related diseases. However, the disease models constructed by knocking out some pathogenic genes of human, such as the Col6a1, Col6a2, or Col6a3 gene, of mice could not mimic UCMD. The purpose of this study is to construct a mouse model which can resemble the pathology of UCMD. miR-29 is closely related to extracellular matrix deposition of tissues and organs. To address this issue, we developed a mouse model for overexpression miR-29 using Tet-on system. In the muscle-specific miR-29ab1 cluster transgenic mice model, we found that mice exhibited dyskinesia, dyspnea, and spinal anomaly. The skeletal muscle was damaged and regenerated. At the same time, we clarify the molecular mechanism of the role of miR-29 in this process. Different from human, Col4a1 and Col4a2, target genes of miR-29, are the key pathogenic genes associating with these phenotypes. This mouse model simulates the human clinical and pathological characteristics of UCMD patients and is helpful for the subsequent research and treatment of UCMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuncheng Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The Institute of Bioengineering and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China.
| | - Lei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Mengxu Ge
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Lijie Gu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yang Su
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Miaomiao Lan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yingying Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qiuyan Li
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yaofeng Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ning Li
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qingyong Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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59
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Smith SM, Melrose J. Type XI collagen-perlecan-HS interactions stabilise the pericellular matrix of annulus fibrosus cells and chondrocytes providing matrix stabilisation and homeostasis. J Mol Histol 2019; 50:285-294. [PMID: 30993430 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-019-09823-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to ascertain whether, like many cell types in cartilaginous tissues if type XI collagen was a pericellular component of annulus fibrosus (AF) cells and chondrocytes. Fine fibrillar networks were visualised which were perlecan, HS (MAb 10E4) and type XI collagen positive. Heparitinase-III pre-digestion abolished the type XI collagen and 10E4 localisation in these fibrillar assemblies demonstrating a putative HS mediated interaction which localised the type XI collagen. Type XI collagen was confirmed to be present in the Heparitinase III treated AF monolayer media samples by immunoblotting. Heparitinase-III generated ΔHS stub epitopes throughout these fibrillar networks strongly visualised by MAb 3-G-10. Monolayers of murine hip articular chondrocytes from C57BL/6 and Hspg2 exon 3 null mice also displayed pericellular perlecan localisations, however type XI collagen was only evident in the Wild type mice. Perlecan was also immunolocalised in control and murine knee articular cartilage from the two mouse genotypes subjected to a medial meniscal destabilisation procedure which induces OA. This resulted in a severe depletion of perlecan levels particularly in the perlecan exon 3 null mice and was consistent with OA representing a disease of the pericellular matrix. A model was prepared to explain these observations between the NPP type XI collagen domain and HS chains of perlecan domain-I in the pericellular matrix of AF cells which likely contributed to cellular communication, tissue stabilization and the regulation of extracellular matrix homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Smith
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Level 10, Kolling Institute of Medical Research B6, The Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Level 10, Kolling Institute of Medical Research B6, The Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. .,Sydney Medical School, Northern, The University of Sydney, St. Leonards, 2065, NSW, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.
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60
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Girolamo F, Errede M, Longo G, Annese T, Alias C, Ferrara G, Morando S, Trojano M, Kerlero de Rosbo N, Uccelli A, Virgintino D. Defining the role of NG2-expressing cells in experimental models of multiple sclerosis. A biofunctional analysis of the neurovascular unit in wild type and NG2 null mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213508. [PMID: 30870435 PMCID: PMC6417733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
During experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model for multiple sclerosis associated with blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) overexpress proteoglycan nerve/glial antigen 2 (NG2), proliferate, and make contacts with the microvessel wall. To explore whether OPCs may actually be recruited within the neurovascular unit (NVU), de facto intervening in its cellular and molecular composition, we quantified by immunoconfocal morphometry the presence of OPCs in contact with brain microvessels, during postnatal cerebral cortex vascularization at postnatal day 6, in wild-type (WT) and NG2 knock-out (NG2KO) mice, and in the cortex of adult naïve and EAE-affected WT and NG2KO mice. As observed in WT mice during postnatal development, a higher number of juxtavascular and perivascular OPCs was revealed in adult WT mice during EAE compared to adult naïve WT mice. In EAE-affected mice, OPCs were mostly associated with microvessels that showed altered claudin-5 and occludin tight junction (TJ) staining patterns and barrier leakage. In contrast, EAE-affected NG2KO mice, which did not show any significant increase in vessel-associated OPCs, seemed to retain better preserved TJs and BBB integrity. As expected, absence of NG2, in both OPCs and pericytes, led to a reduced content of vessel basal lamina molecules, laminin, collagen VI, and collagen IV. In addition, analysis of the major ligand/receptor systems known to promote OPC proliferation and migration indicated that vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA), and the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were the molecules most likely involved in proliferation and recruitment of vascular OPCs during EAE. These results were confirmed by real time-PCR that showed Fgf2, Pdgfa and Tgfb expression on isolated cerebral cortex microvessels and by dual RNAscope-immunohistochemistry/in situ hybridization (IHC/ISH), which detected Vegfa and Vegfr2 transcripts on cerebral cortex sections. Overall, this study suggests that vascular OPCs, in virtue of their developmental arrangement and response to neuroinflammation and growth factors, could be integrated among the classical NVU cell components. Moreover, the synchronized activation of vascular OPCs and pericytes during both BBB development and dysfunction, points to NG2 as a key regulator of vascular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Girolamo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
- * E-mail: (DV); (FG)
| | - Mariella Errede
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Longo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Annese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlotta Alias
- B+LabNet—Environmental Sustainability Lab, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ferrara
- Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Rehabilitation and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Morando
- Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Rehabilitation and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Trojano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicole Kerlero de Rosbo
- Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Rehabilitation and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio Uccelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Rehabilitation and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino–IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Virgintino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
- * E-mail: (DV); (FG)
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61
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Willumsen N, Bager C, Karsdal MA. Matrix Metalloprotease Generated Fragments of Type VI Collagen Have Serum Biomarker Potential in Cancer - A Proof of Concept Study. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:693-698. [PMID: 30856553 PMCID: PMC6411605 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type VI collagen (COL6) is associated with several pro-tumorigenic events. COL6 is primarily composed of three alpha-chains (a1-a3) forming a specialized microfibrillar network to support tissue architecture. COL6 homeostasis is lost in the tumor due to increased COL6 synthesis by activated fibroblast and altered proteolytic degradation by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). Consequently, pathology-specific COL6 fragments are released to the circulation. This study evaluates four COL6 fragments measured in serum as potential biomarkers for cancer. METHODS C6Ma1 (MMP-generated neo-epitope on the a1 chain), C6Ma3 (MMP-generated neo-epitope on the a3 chain), PRO-C6 (C-terminal of the a3 chain) and IC-6 (internal epitope on the a1 chain) were measured by ELISA in serum from patients with various stage 1-4 cancer indications (n = 4-11 per indication, total n = 65) and healthy controls (n = 13). RESULTS C6Ma1 and C6Ma3 were significantly elevated in most cancer types compared to controls; PRO-C6 and IC6 were not. No significant differences were seen according to age, gender and TNM stage. Comparing cancer patients to controls, the AUROC was 0.90 (P < .0001), 0.87 (P < .0001), 0.59 (P = .311) and 0.53 (P = .747) for C6Ma1, C6Ma3, PRO-C6 and IC-6, respectively. Only C6M and C6Ma3 correlated significantly (Spearman, r = 0.74, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS MMP-generated COL6 fragments (C6Ma1, C6Ma3) were elevated in serum from cancer patients compared to controls and had promising diagnostic accuracy. This supports that MMP-mediated COL6 remodeling is important in tumorigenesis and indicate cancer biomarker potential of quantifying COL-6 fragments in serum. Future studies should determine biological and clinical applicability of the COL-6 serum biomarkers in relation to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilie Bager
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers and Research, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers and Research, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark
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Fitzgerald J. WARP: A Unique Extracellular Matrix Component of Cartilage, Muscle, and Endothelial Cell Basement Membranes. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:1619-1623. [PMID: 30768857 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The von Willebrand factor A-domain-related protein (WARP) encoded by the VWA1 gene, is an orphan extracellular matrix protein that is expressed in a subset of ECM structures but whose function is poorly understood. Here, recent advances on understanding VWA1/WARP will be reviewed including analysis of VWA1 reporter and global knock-out mice, interaction studies, and recent transcriptome analyses. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Fitzgerald
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Center, Henry Ford Hospital System, Detroit, Michigan
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63
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Bao M, Mao F, Zhao Z, Ma G, Xu G, Xu W, Chen H, Zhu M. COL6A1 mutation leading to Bethlem myopathy with recurrent hematuria: a case report. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:32. [PMID: 30808312 PMCID: PMC6390614 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Collagen VI-related myopathies are a spectrum of muscular diseases with features of muscle weakness and atrophy, multiple contractures of joints, distal hyperextensibility, severe respiratory dysfunction and cutaneous alterations, attributable to mutations in the COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 genes. However, no case of collagen VI mutations with hematuria has been reported. We report a 14-year-old boy who had both Bethlem myopathy and recurrent hematuria and who carried a known de novo COL6A1 missense mutation c.877G > A (p.G293R). Case presentation The patient was a 14-year-old boy presenting with muscle weakness from 3 years of age without any family history. Six months before admission, he developed recurrent gross hematuria, three bouts in total, with the presence of blood clots in the urine. Next-generation sequencing of his whole-exome was performed. The result of sequencing revealed a de novo heterozygous G-to-A nucleotide substitution at position 877 in exon 10 of the COL6A1 gene. After treatment, the hematuria healed, but the muscle weakness failed to improve. Conclusions Hematuria in Bethlem myopathy can be caused by COL6 mutations, which may be related to the aberrant connection between collagen VI and collagen IV. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12883-019-1263-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Bao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong University, NO.16766, Jingshi Road, Shandong, Jinan, 250014, CN, China.,Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, NO 67, West Dongchang Road, Shandong, Liaocheng City, 252000, CN, China
| | - Fei Mao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong University, NO.16766, Jingshi Road, Shandong, Jinan, 250014, CN, China
| | - Zhangning Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong University, NO.16766, Jingshi Road, Shandong, Jinan, 250014, CN, China
| | - Gaoting Ma
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong University, NO.16766, Jingshi Road, Shandong, Jinan, 250014, CN, China
| | - Guangjun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, NO 67, West Dongchang Road, Shandong, Liaocheng City, 252000, CN, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong University, NO.16766, Jingshi Road, Shandong, Jinan, 250014, CN, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Jinan, NO. 132, Daminghu Road, Shandong, Jinan, 250013, CN, China
| | - Meijia Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong University, NO.16766, Jingshi Road, Shandong, Jinan, 250014, CN, China.
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Herrera C, Escalante T, Rucavado A, Fox JW, Gutiérrez JM. Metalloproteinases in disease: identification of biomarkers of tissue damage through proteomics. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:967-982. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1538800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Herrera
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Teresa Escalante
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Alexandra Rucavado
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Jay W. Fox
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22959, USA
| | - José María Gutiérrez
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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Abstract
At the simplest level, obesity is the manifestation of an imbalance between caloric intake and expenditure; however, the pathophysiological mechanisms that govern the development of obesity and associated complications are enormously complex. Fibrosis within the adipose tissue compartment is one such factor that may influence the development of obesity and/or obesity-related comorbidities. Furthermore, the functional consequences of adipose tissue fibrosis are a matter of considerable debate, with evidence that fibrosis serves both adaptive and maladaptive roles. Tissue fibrosis itself is incompletely understood, and multiple cellular and molecular pathways are involved in the development, maintenance, and resolution of the fibrotic state. Within the context of obesity, fibrosis influences molecular and cellular events that relate to adipocytes, inflammatory cells, inflammatory mediators, and supporting adipose stromal tissue. In this Review, we explore what is known about the interplay between the development of adipose tissue fibrosis and obesity, with a view toward future investigative and therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael J Podolsky
- Cardiovascular Research Institute.,Lung Biology Center, and.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kamran Atabai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute.,Lung Biology Center, and.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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66
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Marchand M, Monnot C, Muller L, Germain S. Extracellular matrix scaffolding in angiogenesis and capillary homeostasis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 89:147-156. [PMID: 30165150 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of blood vessels, which is composed of both the vascular basement membrane (BM) and the interstitial ECM is identified as a crucial component of the vasculature. We here focus on the unique molecular composition and scaffolding of the capillary ECM, which provides structural support to blood vessels and regulates properties of endothelial cells and pericytes. The major components of the BM are collagen IV, laminins, heparan sulfate proteoglycans and nidogen and also associated proteins such as collagen XVIII and fibronectin. Their organization and scaffolding in the BM is required for proper capillary morphogenesis and maintenance of vascular homeostasis. The BM also regulates vascular mechanosensing. A better understanding of the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular BM and interstitial ECM therefore opens new perspectives to control physiological and pathological angiogenesis and vascular homeostasis. The overall aim of this review is to explain how ECM scaffolding influences angiogenesis and capillary integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Marchand
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Monnot
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Muller
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Germain
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France.
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67
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Cescon M, Gregorio I, Eiber N, Borgia D, Fusto A, Sabatelli P, Scorzeto M, Megighian A, Pegoraro E, Hashemolhosseini S, Bonaldo P. Collagen VI is required for the structural and functional integrity of the neuromuscular junction. Acta Neuropathol 2018; 136:483-499. [PMID: 29752552 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-018-1860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The synaptic cleft of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) consists of a highly specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) involved in synapse maturation, in the juxtaposition of pre- to post-synaptic areas, and in ensuring proper synaptic transmission. Key components of synaptic ECM, such as collagen IV, perlecan and biglycan, are binding partners of one of the most abundant ECM protein of skeletal muscle, collagen VI (ColVI), previously never linked to NMJ. Here, we demonstrate that ColVI is itself a component of this specialized ECM and that it is required for the structural and functional integrity of NMJs. In vivo, ColVI deficiency causes fragmentation of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clusters, with abnormal expression of NMJ-enriched proteins and re-expression of fetal AChRγ subunit, both in Col6a1 null mice and in patients affected by Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD), the most severe form of ColVI-related myopathies. Ex vivo muscle preparations from ColVI null mice revealed altered neuromuscular transmission, with electrophysiological defects and decreased safety factor (i.e., the excess current generated in response to a nerve impulse over that required to reach the action potential threshold). Moreover, in vitro studies in differentiated C2C12 myotubes showed the ability of ColVI to induce AChR clustering and synaptic gene expression. These findings reveal a novel role for ColVI at the NMJ and point to the involvement of NMJ defects in the etiopathology of ColVI-related myopathies.
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Castagnaro S, Chrisam M, Cescon M, Braghetta P, Grumati P, Bonaldo P. Extracellular Collagen VI Has Prosurvival and Autophagy Instructive Properties in Mouse Fibroblasts. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1129. [PMID: 30174616 PMCID: PMC6107713 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI (ColVI) is an abundant and distinctive extracellular matrix protein secreted by fibroblasts in different tissues. Human diseases linked to mutations on ColVI genes are primarily affecting skeletal muscle due to non-cell autonomous myofiber defects. To date, it is not known whether and how fibroblast homeostasis is affected by ColVI deficiency, a critical missing information as this may strengthen the use of patients' fibroblasts for preclinical purposes. Here, we established primary and immortalized fibroblast cultures from ColVI null (Col6a1-/-) mice, the animal model of ColVI-related diseases. We found that, under nutrient-stringent condition, lack of ColVI affects fibroblast survival, leading to increased apoptosis. Moreover, Col6a1-/- fibroblasts display defects in the autophagy/lysosome machinery, with impaired clearance of autophagosomes and failure of Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Col6a1-/- fibroblasts also show an increased activation of the Akt/mTOR pathway, compatible with the autophagy impairment, and adhesion onto purified ColVI elicits a major effect on the autophagic flux. Our findings reveal that ColVI ablation in fibroblasts impacts on autophagy regulation and cell survival, thus pointing at the new concept that this cell type may contribute to the pathological features of ColVI-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Castagnaro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Chrisam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matilde Cescon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Grumati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Nyström A, Bruckner-Tuderman L. Matrix molecules and skin biology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 89:136-146. [PMID: 30076963 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An extracellular matrix (ECM) is a prerequisite for multicellular life. It is adapted to tissues and constantly undergoes changes to preserve microenvironmental homeostasis. The ECM acts as a structural scaffold that establishes tissue architecture and provides tensile strength. It has cell-instructive functions by serving as a reservoir and presenter of soluble agents, being directly signaling, integrating transmission of mechanical and biological cues, or serving as a co-factor potentiating signaling. The skin contains a highly developed, mechanically tough, but yet flexible ECM. The tissue-specific features of this ECM are largely attributed by minor ECM components. A large number of genetic and acquired ECM diseases with skin manifestations, provide an illustrative testament to the importance of correct assembly of the ECM for dermal homeostasis. Here, we will present the composition and features of the skin ECM during homeostasis and regeneration. We will discuss genetic and acquired ECM diseases affecting skin, and provide a short outlook to therapeutic strategies for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Molecular profiling of reticular gigantocellularis neurons indicates that eNOS modulates environmentally dependent levels of arousal. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E6900-E6909. [PMID: 29967172 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1806123115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons of the medullary reticular nucleus gigantocellularis (NGC) and their targets have recently been a focus of research on mechanisms supporting generalized CNS arousal (GA) required for proper cognitive functions. Using the retro-TRAP method, we characterized transcripts enriched in NGC neurons which have projections to the thalamus. The unique expression and activation of the endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) signaling pathway in these cells and their intimate connections with blood vessels indicate that these neurons exert direct neurovascular coupling. Production of nitric oxide (NO) within eNOS-positive NGC neurons increases after environmental perturbations, indicating a role for eNOS/NO in modulating environmentally appropriate levels of GA. Inhibition of NO production causes dysregulated behavioral arousal after exposure to environmental perturbation. Further, our findings suggest interpretations for associations between psychiatric disorders and mutations in the eNOS locus.
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Hondius DC, Eigenhuis KN, Morrema THJ, van der Schors RC, van Nierop P, Bugiani M, Li KW, Hoozemans JJM, Smit AB, Rozemuller AJM. Proteomics analysis identifies new markers associated with capillary cerebral amyloid angiopathy in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2018; 6:46. [PMID: 29860944 PMCID: PMC5985582 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-018-0540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid beta (Aβ) deposits as plaques in the parenchyma and in the walls of cortical and leptomeningeal blood vessels of the brain called cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). It is suggested that CAA type-1, which refers to amyloid deposition in both capillaries and larger vessels, adds to the symptomatic manifestation of AD and correlates with disease severity. Currently, CAA cannot be diagnosed pre-mortem and disease mechanisms involved in CAA are elusive. To obtain insight in the disease mechanism of CAA and to identify marker proteins specifically associated with CAA we performed a laser dissection microscopy assisted mass spectrometry analysis of post-mortem human brain tissue of (I) AD cases with only amyloid deposits in the brain parenchyma and no vascular related amyloid, (II) AD cases with severe CAA type-1 and no or low numbers of parenchymal amyloid deposits and (III) cognitively healthy controls without amyloid deposits. By contrasting the quantitative proteomics data between the three groups, 29 potential CAA-selective proteins were identified. A selection of these proteins was analysed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry to confirm regulation and to determine protein localization and their relation to brain pathology. In addition, specificity of these markers in relation to other small vessel diseases including prion CAA, CADASIL, CARASAL and hypertension related small vessel disease was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Increased levels of clusterin (CLU), apolipoprotein E (APOE) and serum amyloid P-component (APCS) were observed in AD cases with CAA. In addition, we identified norrin (NDP) and collagen alpha-2(VI) (COL6A2) as highly selective markers that are clearly present in CAA yet virtually absent in relation to parenchymal amyloid plaque pathology. NDP showed the highest specificity to CAA when compared to other small vessel diseases. The specific changes in the proteome of CAA provide new insight in the pathogenesis and yields valuable selective biomarkers for the diagnosis of CAA.
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A transcriptomic comparison of theca and granulosa cells in chicken and cattle follicles reveals ESR2 as a potential regulator of CYP19A1 expression in the theca cells of chicken follicles. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 27:40-53. [PMID: 29772405 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that theca and granulosa cell layers in follicles do not play the same roles in mammals and birds, especially regarding the synthesis of estrogen. The functions of these two cell types have been well characterized in cattle, but they remain unclear in chickens. To clarify this issue, a comparison of small yellow follicles (SYFs) in chickens and cattle at different follicular development stages was done by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The modules obtained from WGCNA were used for further identification of the key genes associated with CYP19A1 expression. Module preservation analysis showed high similarity between cow_D (the follicular phase before the LH surge) and chicken_SYF (small yellow follicle between 6 and 8 mm in diameter) datasets, and 10 top hub genes highly associated with CYP19A1 expression in chicken SYFs were identified in each module. A comparison of the transcriptomes of theca and granulosa cells (TCs and GCs) between chicken SYFs and cattle follicles at the differentiation stage, as well as the aforementioned hub genes, revealed that ESR2 is a potential regulator of CYP19A1 expression in the theca cells of chicken SYFs. Furthermore, 197 cell-specific (179 in theca and 18 in granulosa) and 235 cell-biased expressed genes (196 in theca and 39 in granulosa) in chicken small yellow follicles were also identified by transcriptomic comparison of theca and granulosa cells.
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73
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Andersson CK, Weitoft M, Rydell-Törmänen K, Bjermer L, Westergren-Thorsson G, Erjefält JS. Uncontrolled asthmatics have increased FceRI+
and TGF-β-positive MCTC
mast cells and collagen VI in the alveolar parenchyma. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:266-277. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. K. Andersson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - M. Weitoft
- Department Experimental Medical Science; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | | | - L. Bjermer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | | | - J. S. Erjefält
- Department Experimental Medical Science; Lund University; Lund Sweden
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Butterfield RJ, Dunn DM, Hu Y, Johnson K, Bönnemann CG, Weiss RB. Transcriptome profiling identifies regulators of pathogenesis in collagen VI related muscular dystrophy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189664. [PMID: 29244830 PMCID: PMC5731705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The collagen VI related muscular dystrophies (COL6-RD), Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) and Bethlem myopathy (BM) are among the most common congenital muscular dystrophies and are characterized by distal joint laxity and a combination of distal and proximal joint contractures. Inheritance can be dominant negative (DN) or recessive depending on the type and location of the mutation. DN mutations allow incorporation of abnormal chains into secreted tetramers and are the most commonly identified mutation type in COL6-RD. Null alleles (nonsense, frameshift, and large deletions) do not allow incorporation of abnormal chains and act recessively. To better define the pathways disrupted by mutations in collagen VI, we have used a transcriptional profiling approach with RNA-Seq to identify differentially expressed genes in COL6-RD individuals from controls. Methods RNA-Seq allows precise detection of all expressed transcripts in a sample and provides a tool for quantification of expression data on a genomic scale. We have used RNA-Seq to identify differentially expressed genes in cultured dermal fibroblasts from 13 COL6-RD individuals (8 dominant negative and 5 null) and 6 controls. To better assess the transcriptional changes induced by abnormal collagen VI in the extracellular matrix (ECM); we compared transcriptional profiles from subjects with DN mutations and subjects with null mutations to transcriptional profiles from controls. Results Differentially expressed transcripts between COL6-RD and control fibroblasts include upregulation of ECM components and downregulation of factors controlling matrix remodeling and repair. DN and null samples are differentiated by downregulation of genes involved with DNA replication and repair in null samples. Conclusions Differentially expressed genes identified here may help identify new targets for development of therapies and biomarkers to assess the efficacy of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell J. Butterfield
- University of Utah, Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Diane M. Dunn
- University of Utah, Department of Human Genetics, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Ying Hu
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kory Johnson
- Bioinformatics section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carsten G. Bönnemann
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robert B. Weiss
- University of Utah, Department of Human Genetics, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
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Cescon M, Chen P, Castagnaro S, Gregorio I, Bonaldo P. Lack of collagen VI promotes neurodegeneration by impairing autophagy and inducing apoptosis during aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:1083-101. [PMID: 27060109 PMCID: PMC4931855 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Collagen VI is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein with a broad distribution in different tissues and mostly deposited at the close periphery of the cell surface. Previous studies revealed that collagen VI protects neurons from the toxicity of amyloid-βpeptides and from UV-induced damage. However, the physiological role of this protein in the central nervous system (CNS) remains unknown. Here, we established primary neural cultures from murine cortex and hippocampus, and carried out in vitro and in vivo studies in wild-type and collagen VI null (Col6a1−/−) mice. Col6a1−/− neural cultures displayed an increased incidence of spontaneous apoptosis and higher vulnerability to oxidative stress, accompanied by altered regulation of autophagy with increased p62 protein levels and decreased LC3 lipidation. Analysis of brain sections confirmed increased apoptosis and abnormal regulation of autophagy in the CNS of collagen VI-deficient animals. To investigate the in vivo physiological consequences of these CNS defects, we carried out functional studies and found that motor and memory task performances were impaired in aged Col6a1−/− mice. These findings indicate that lack of collagen VI leads to spontaneous apoptosis and defective autophagy in neural cells, and point at a protective role for this ECM protein in the CNS during physiological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Cescon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Peiwen Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Castagnaro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
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Identification of extant vertebrate Myxine glutinosa VWF: evolutionary conservation of primary hemostasis. Blood 2017; 130:2548-2558. [PMID: 28899852 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-02-770792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemostasis in vertebrates involves both a cellular and a protein component. Previous studies in jawless vertebrates (cyclostomes) suggest that the protein response, which involves thrombin-catalyzed conversion of a soluble plasma protein, fibrinogen, into a polymeric fibrin clot, is conserved in all vertebrates. However, similar data are lacking for the cellular response, which in gnathostomes is regulated by von Willebrand factor (VWF), a glycoprotein that mediates the adhesion of platelets to the subendothelial matrix of injured blood vessels. To gain evolutionary insights into the cellular phase of coagulation, we asked whether a functional vwf gene is present in the Atlantic hagfish, Myxine glutinosa We found a single vwf transcript that encodes a simpler protein compared with higher vertebrates, the most striking difference being the absence of an A3 domain, which otherwise binds collagen under high-flow conditions. Immunohistochemical analyses of hagfish tissues and blood revealed Vwf expression in endothelial cells and thrombocytes. Electron microscopic studies of hagfish tissues demonstrated the presence of Weibel-Palade bodies in the endothelium. Hagfish Vwf formed high-molecular-weight multimers in hagfish plasma and in stably transfected CHO cells. In functional assays, botrocetin promoted VWF-dependent thrombocyte aggregation. A search for vwf sequences in the genome of sea squirts, the closest invertebrate relatives of hagfish, failed to reveal evidence of an intact vwf gene. Together, our findings suggest that VWF evolved in the ancestral vertebrate following the divergence of the urochordates some 500 million years ago and that it acquired increasing complexity though sequential insertion of functional modules.
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77
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You WK, Stallcup WB. Localization of VEGF to Vascular ECM Is an Important Aspect of Tumor Angiogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9080097. [PMID: 28788063 PMCID: PMC5575600 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9080097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Our research has identified several examples in which reduced VEGF-A binding to deficient vascular extracellular matrix leads to deficits in tumor vascularization and tumor growth: (1) germline ablation of collagen VI in the stroma of intracranial B16F10 melanomas; (2) knockdown of the Tks5 scaffolding protein in MDA-MB-231 mammary tumor cells; (3) germline ablation of NG2 proteoglycan in the stroma of MMTV-PyMT mammary tumors; and (4) myeloid-specific ablation of NG2 in the stroma of intracranial B16F10 melanomas. Tumor hypoxia is increased in each of the four types of experimental mice, accompanied by increases in total VEGF-A. However, while VEGF-A is highly associated with tumor blood vessels in control mice, it is much more diffusely distributed in tumors in all four sets of experimental mice, likely due to reduced extent of the vascular extracellular matrix. In parallel to lost VEGF-A localization, tumor vessels in each case have smaller diameters and are leakier than tumor vessels in control mice. Tumor growth is decreased as a result of this poor vascular function. The fact that the observed vascular changes occur in the absence of alterations in vascular density suggests that examination of vessel structure and function is more useful than vascular density for understanding the importance of angiogenesis in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William B Stallcup
- Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunology Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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78
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Fraser KL, Wong S, Foley AR, Chhibber S, Bönnemann CG, Lesser DJ, Grosmann C, Rutkowski A. Pneumothoraces in collagen VI-related dystrophy: a case series and recommendations for management. ERJ Open Res 2017; 3:00049-2017. [PMID: 28660205 PMCID: PMC5482316 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00049-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI-related dystrophy (collagen VI-RD) is a rare neuromuscular condition caused by mutations in the COL6A1, COL6A2 or COL6A3 genes. The phenotypic spectrum includes early-onset Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, adult-onset Bethlem myopathy and an intermediate phenotype. The disorder is characterised by distal hyperlaxity and progressive muscle weakness, joint contractures and respiratory insufficiency. Respiratory insufficiency is attributed to chest wall contractures, scoliosis, impaired diaphragmatic function and intercostal muscle weakness. To date, intrinsic parenchymal lung disease has not been implicated in the inevitable respiratory decline of these patients. This series focuses on pneumothorax, an important but previously under-recognised disease manifestation of collagen VI-RD. We describe two distinct clinical presentations within collagen VI-RD patients with pneumothorax. The first cohort consists of neonates and children with a single pneumothorax in the setting of large intrathoracic pressure changes. The second group is made up of adult patients with recurrent pneumothoraces, associated with chest computed tomography scan evidence of parenchymal lung disease. We describe treatment challenges in this unique population with respect to expectant observation, tube thoracostomy and open pleurodesis. Based on this experience, we offer recommendations for early identification of lung disease in collagen VI-RD and definitive intervention. Collagen VI-RD patients may experience unprovoked or recurrent pneumothorax from parenchymal lung changeshttp://ow.ly/ZL3h30ce0Bk
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott Wong
- The Congenital Muscle Disease International Registry, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel J Lesser
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carla Grosmann
- Division of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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79
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Bürgi J, Kunz B, Abrami L, Deuquet J, Piersigilli A, Scholl-Bürgi S, Lausch E, Unger S, Superti-Furga A, Bonaldo P, van der Goot FG. CMG2/ANTXR2 regulates extracellular collagen VI which accumulates in hyaline fibromatosis syndrome. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15861. [PMID: 28604699 PMCID: PMC5472780 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in capillary morphogenesis gene 2 (CMG2/ANTXR2), a transmembrane surface protein, cause hyaline fibromatosis syndrome (HFS), a severe genetic disorder that is characterized by large subcutaneous nodules, gingival hypertrophy and severe painful joint contracture. Here we show that CMG2 is an important regulator of collagen VI homoeostasis. CMG2 loss of function promotes accumulation of collagen VI in patients, leading in particular to nodule formation. Similarly, collagen VI accumulates massively in uteri of Antxr2-/- mice, which do not display changes in collagen gene expression, and leads to progressive fibrosis and sterility. Crossing Antxr2-/- with Col6a1-/- mice leads to restoration of uterine structure and reversion of female infertility. We also demonstrate that CMG2 may act as a signalling receptor for collagen VI and mediates its intracellular degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Bürgi
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Béatrice Kunz
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Abrami
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Julie Deuquet
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Piersigilli
- Comparative Mouse Physiology Platform, Faculty of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Scholl-Bürgi
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Clinic for Pediatrics I, Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ekkehart Lausch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Sheila Unger
- Division of Molecular Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Division of Molecular Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy
| | - F. Gisou van der Goot
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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80
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Brandhorst D, Brandhorst H, Johnson PRV. Enzyme Development for Human Islet Isolation: Five Decades of Progress or Stagnation? Rev Diabet Stud 2017. [PMID: 28632819 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2017.14.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In comparison to procedures used for the separation of individual cell types from other organs, the process of human pancreatic islet isolation aims to digest the pancreatic exocrine matrix completely without dispersing the individual cells within the endocrine cell cluster. This objective is unique within the field of tissue separation, and outlines the challenge of islet isolation to balance two opposing priorities. Although significant progress has been made in the characterization and production of enzyme blends for islet isolation, there are still numerous areas which require improvement. The ultimate goal of enzyme production, namely the routine production of a consistent and standardized enzyme blend, has still not been realized. This seems to be mainly the result of a lack of detailed knowledge regarding the structure of the pancreatic extracellular matrix and the synergistic interplay between collagenase and different supplementary proteases during the degradation of the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, the activation of intrinsic proteolytic enzymes produced by the pancreatic acinar cells, also impacts on the chance of a successful outcome of human islet isolation. This overview discusses the challenges of pancreatic enzymatic digestion during human islet isolation, and outlines the developments in this field over the past 5 decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Brandhorst
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Heide Brandhorst
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R V Johnson
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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81
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Godwin ARF, Starborg T, Sherratt MJ, Roseman AM, Baldock C. Defining the hierarchical organisation of collagen VI microfibrils at nanometre to micrometre length scales. Acta Biomater 2017; 52:21-32. [PMID: 27956360 PMCID: PMC5402720 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix microfibrils are critical components of connective tissues with a wide range of mechanical and cellular signalling functions. Collagen VI is a heteromeric network-forming collagen which is expressed in tissues such as skin, lung, blood vessels and articular cartilage where it anchors cells into the matrix allowing for transduction of biochemical and mechanical signals. It is not understood how collagen VI is arranged into microfibrils or how these microfibrils are arranged into tissues. Therefore we have characterised the hierarchical organisation of collagen VI across multiple length scales. The frozen hydrated nanostructure of purified collagen VI microfibrils was reconstructed using cryo-TEM. The bead region has a compact hollow head and flexible tail regions linked by the collagenous interbead region. Serial block face SEM imaging coupled with electron tomography of the pericellular matrix (PCM) of murine articular cartilage revealed that the PCM has a meshwork-like organisation formed from globular densities ∼30nm in diameter. These approaches can characterise structures spanning nanometer to millimeter length scales to define the nanostructure of individual collagen VI microfibrils and the micro-structural organisation of these fibrils within tissues to help in the future design of better mimetics for tissue engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cartilage is a connective tissue rich in extracellular matrix molecules and is tough and compressive to cushion the bones of joints. However, in adults cartilage is poorly repaired after injury and so this is an important target for tissue engineering. Many connective tissues contain collagen VI, which forms microfibrils and networks but we understand very little about these assemblies or the tissue structures they form. Therefore, we have use complementary imaging techniques to image collagen VI microfibrils from the nano-scale to the micro-scale in order to understand the structure and the assemblies it forms. These findings will help to inform the future design of scaffolds to mimic connective tissues in regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R F Godwin
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Tobias Starborg
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Michael J Sherratt
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Alan M Roseman
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Clair Baldock
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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82
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Jeong JY, Ibrahim M, Kim MJ, So K, Jeong YD, Park S, Kim M, Lee HJ. Comparisons of extracellular matrix-related gene expression levels in different adipose tissues from Korean cattle. Livest Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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83
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Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J, Sterry W, Hodin MW, Griffiths TW, Watson REB, Hay RJ, Griffiths CEM. Age-Associated Skin Conditions and Diseases: Current Perspectives and Future Options. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2017; 56 Suppl 2:S230-42. [PMID: 26994263 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnw003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The International League of Dermatological Societies (ILDS), a global, not-for-profit organization representing 157 dermatological societies worldwide, has identified the consequences of skin aging as one of the most important grand challenges in global skin health. Reduced functional capacity and increased susceptibility of the skin with development of dermatoses such as dry skin, itching, ulcers, dyspigmentation, wrinkles, fungal infections, as well as benign and malignant tumors are the most common skin conditions in aged populations worldwide. Environmental (e.g., pollution) and lifestyle factors (e.g., smoking, sunbed use) negatively affect skin health. In turn altered appearance, dry skin, chronic wounds, and other conditions decrease general health and reduce the likelihood for healthy and active aging. Preventive skin care includes primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions. Continuous sun protection from early childhood onward is most important, to avoid extrinsic skin damage and skin cancer. Exposure to irritants, allergens, or other molecules damaging the skin must be avoided or reduced to a minimum. Public health approaches are needed to implement preventive and basic skin care worldwide to reach high numbers of dermatological patients and care receivers. Education of primary caregivers and implementation of community dermatology are successful strategies in resource-poor countries. Besides specialist physicians, nurses and other health care professionals play important roles in preventing and managing age-related skin conditions in developing as well as in developed countries. Healthy skin across the life course leads to better mental and emotional health, positive impact on social engagement, and healthier, more active, and productive lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jan Kottner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfram Sterry
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. The International League of Dermatological Societies, London, UK
| | | | - Tamara W Griffiths
- The Dermatology Centre, University of Manchester, Academic Health Science Centre, UK
| | - Rachel E B Watson
- The Dermatology Centre, University of Manchester, Academic Health Science Centre, UK
| | | | - Christopher E M Griffiths
- The Dermatology Centre, University of Manchester, Academic Health Science Centre, UK. The International League of Dermatological Societies, London, UK
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84
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Guiraud S, Migeon T, Ferry A, Chen Z, Ouchelouche S, Verpont MC, Sado Y, Allamand V, Ronco P, Plaisier E. HANAC Col4a1 Mutation in Mice Leads to Skeletal Muscle Alterations due to a Primary Vascular Defect. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:505-516. [PMID: 28056338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Collagen IV is a major component of basement membranes (BMs). The α1(IV) chain, encoded by the COL4A1 gene, is expressed ubiquitously and associates with the α2(IV) chain to form the α1α1α2(IV) heterotrimer. Several COL4A1 mutations affecting a conformational domain containing integrin-binding sites are responsible for the systemic syndrome of hereditary angiopathy, nephropathy, aneurysms, and cramps (HANAC). To analyze the pathophysiology of HANAC, Col4a1 mutant mice bearing the p.Gly498Val mutation were generated. Analysis of the skeletal muscles of Col4a1G498V mutant animals showed morphologic characteristics of a muscular dystrophy phenotype with myofiber atrophy, centronucleation, focal inflammatory infiltrates, and fibrosis. Abnormal ultrastructural aspects of muscle BMs was associated with reduced extracellular secretion of the mutant α1α1α2(IV) trimer. In addition to muscular dystrophic features, endothelial cell defects of the muscle capillaries were observed, with intracytoplasmic accumulation of the mutant α1α1α2(IV) molecules, endoplasmic reticulum cisternae dilation, and up-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers. Induction of the unfolded protein response in Col4a1 mutant muscle tissue resulted in an excess of apoptosis in endothelial cells. HANAC mutant animals also presented with a muscular functional impairment and increased serum creatine kinase levels reflecting altered muscle fiber sarcolemma. This extensive description of the muscular phenotype of the Col4a1 HANAC murine model suggests a potential contribution of primary endothelial cell defects, together with muscle BM alterations, to the development of COL4A1-related myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Guiraud
- Mixed Research Unit S1155, INSERM, Paris, France; University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris 06, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Medical Research Council Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tiffany Migeon
- Mixed Research Unit S1155, INSERM, Paris, France; University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris 06, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Ferry
- Research Center in Myology, Institut de Myologie, the Inserm UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital Group, University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris 06, Paris Descartes University, The Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Mixed Research Unit S1155, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Souhila Ouchelouche
- Mixed Research Unit S1155, INSERM, Paris, France; University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris 06, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Verpont
- Mixed Research Unit S1155, INSERM, Paris, France; University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris 06, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | | | - Valérie Allamand
- Research Center in Myology, Institut de Myologie, the Inserm UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital Group, University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris 06, Paris Descartes University, The Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Ronco
- Mixed Research Unit S1155, INSERM, Paris, France; University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris 06, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Plaisier
- Mixed Research Unit S1155, INSERM, Paris, France; University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris 06, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.
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85
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Manon-Jensen T, Karsdal MA, Nielsen LN, Kjelgaard-Hansen M, Vandahl B, Olsen EHN, Enoksson M, Roepstorff K. Altered collagen turnover in factor VIII-deficient rats with hemophilic arthropathy identifies potential novel serological biomarkers in hemophilia. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:2419-2429. [PMID: 27681457 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Essentials Joint bleeding in hemophilia may induce significant remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Biomarkers of collagen turnover were investigated in a F8-/- rat model of hemophilic arthropathy. Biomarkers of cartilage degradation increased significantly during development of arthropathy. Basement membrane and interstitial matrix turnover changed significantly following hemarthrosis. SUMMARY Background Hemophilic arthropathy is a severe complication of hemophilia. It is caused by recurrent bleeding into joint cavities, which leads to synovial inflammation, fibrosis, cartilage degradation and bone remodeling. Extracellular matrix remodeling of affected tissues is a hallmark of these pathological processes. Objectives The aim of this study was to use serological biomarkers of collagen turnover to evaluate extracellular matrix remodeling in a factor VIII-deficient rat model of hemophilic arthropathy. Methods F8-/- rats and wild-type littermate controls were subjected to repeated knee bleeds induced by needle puncture on days 0 and 14. Development of arthropathy was confirmed by histology after termination on day 28. Serum samples were collected at baseline and throughout the study and analyzed for biomarkers of collagen turnover, including collagens of the basement membrane (type IV collagen), the interstitial matrix (collagen types III, V and VI) and cartilage (type II collagen). Results In F8-/- rats, induced knee bleeding and subsequent development of arthropathy caused significant alterations in collagen turnover, measured as changes in serological biomarkers of basement membrane turnover, interstitial matrix turnover and cartilage degradation. Biomarkers of type II collagen degradation correlated significantly with cartilage degradation and degree of arthropathy. Hemophilic rats had a 50% higher turnover of the basement membrane than wild-type littermates at baseline. Conclusions Joint bleeding and hemophilic arthropathy cause changes in turnover of extracellular matrix collagens in hemophilic rats. Biomarkers of collagen turnover may be used to monitor joint bleeding and development of blood-induced joint disease in hemophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - L N Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | - B Vandahl
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - E H N Olsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - M Enoksson
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - K Roepstorff
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, Maaloev, Denmark
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86
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Zulian A, Schiavone M, Giorgio V, Bernardi P. Forty years later: Mitochondria as therapeutic targets in muscle diseases. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:563-573. [PMID: 27697642 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction can be a general mechanism for cell death in muscle diseases is 40 years old. The key elements of the proposed pathogenetic sequence (cytosolic Ca2+ overload followed by excess mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, functional and then structural damage of mitochondria, energy shortage, worsened elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels, hypercontracture of muscle fibers, cell necrosis) have been confirmed in amazing detail by subsequent work in a variety of models. The explicit implication of the hypothesis was that it "may provide the basis for a more rational treatment for some conditions even before their primary causes are known" (Wrogemann and Pena, 1976, Lancet, 1, 672-674). This prediction is being fulfilled, and the potential of mitochondria as pharmacological targets in muscle diseases may soon become a reality, particularly through inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and its regulator cyclophilin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Zulian
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Schiavone
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Giorgio
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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87
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Stallcup WB, You WK, Kucharova K, Cejudo-Martin P, Yotsumoto F. NG2 Proteoglycan-Dependent Contributions of Pericytes and Macrophages to Brain Tumor Vascularization and Progression. Microcirculation 2016; 23:122-33. [PMID: 26465118 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The NG2 proteoglycan promotes tumor growth as a component of both tumor and stromal cells. Using intracranial, NG2-negative B16F10 melanomas, we have investigated the importance of PC and Mac NG2 in brain tumor progression. Reduced melanoma growth in Mac-NG2ko and PC-NG2ko mice demonstrates the importance of NG2 in both stromal compartments. In each genotype, the loss of PC-endothelial cell interaction diminishes the formation of endothelial junctions and assembly of the basal lamina. Tumor vessels in Mac-NG2ko mice have smaller diameters, reduced patency, and increased leakiness compared to PC-NG2ko mice, thus decreasing tumor blood supply and increasing hypoxia. While the reduced PC interaction with endothelial cells in PC-NG2ko mice results from the loss of PC activation of β1 integrin signaling in endothelial cells, reduced PC-endothelial cell interaction in Mac-NG2ko mice results from 90% reduced Mac recruitment. The absence of Mac-derived signals in Mac-NG2ko mice causes the loss of PC association with endothelial cells. Reduced Mac recruitment may be due to diminished activation of integrins in the absence of NG2, causing decreased Mac interaction with endothelial adhesion molecules that are needed for extravasation. These results reflect the complex interplay that occurs between Mac, PC, and endothelial cells during tumor vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Stallcup
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Weon-Kyoo You
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA.,Biologics Business, Research and Development Center, Hanwha Chemical, Daejon, South Korea
| | - Karolina Kucharova
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pilar Cejudo-Martin
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Fusanori Yotsumoto
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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88
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Jakobsen JR, Mackey AL, Knudsen AB, Koch M, Kjaer M, Krogsgaard MR. Composition and adaptation of human myotendinous junction and neighboring muscle fibers to heavy resistance training. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:1547-1559. [PMID: 27781307 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The myotendinous junction (MTJ) is a common site of strain injury and yet understanding of its composition and ability to adapt to loading is poor. The main aims of this study were to determine the profile of selected collagens and macrophage density in human MTJ and adjoining muscle fibers, and to investigate whether heavy exercise loading would alter this profile. Fifteen individuals scheduled for anterior cruciate ligament repair surgery were randomized into three groups: control, acute or 4 weeks heavy resistance training. MTJ samples were collected from the semitendinosus and gracilis muscles and were sectioned and stained immunohistochemically for collagen types I, III, VI, XII, XIV, XXII, Tenascin-C and CD68. Macrophage density and distribution was evaluated and the amount of each collagen type in muscle and MTJ was graded. Collagen XXII was observed solely at the MTJ, while all other collagens were abundant at the MTJ and in muscle perimysium or endomysium. The endomysial content of collagen XIV, macrophages and Tenascin-C increased following 4 weeks of training. These findings illustrate the heterogeneity of collagen type composition of human MTJ. The increase in collagen XIV following 4 weeks of training may reflect a training-induced protection against strain injuries in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Jakobsen
- Section for Sports Traumatology M51, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A L Mackey
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A B Knudsen
- Section for Sports Traumatology M51, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Koch
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, and Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Kjaer
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M R Krogsgaard
- Section for Sports Traumatology M51, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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89
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Gutiérrez JM, Escalante T, Rucavado A, Herrera C, Fox JW. A Comprehensive View of the Structural and Functional Alterations of Extracellular Matrix by Snake Venom Metalloproteinases (SVMPs): Novel Perspectives on the Pathophysiology of Envenoming. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8100304. [PMID: 27782073 PMCID: PMC5086664 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) affect the extracellular matrix (ECM) in multiple and complex ways. Previously, the combination of various methodological platforms, including electron microscopy, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot, has allowed a partial understanding of such complex pathology. In recent years, the proteomics analysis of exudates collected in the vicinity of tissues affected by SVMPs has provided novel and exciting information on SVMP-induced ECM alterations. The presence of fragments of an array of ECM proteins, including those of the basement membrane, has revealed a complex pathological scenario caused by the direct action of SVMPs. In addition, the time-course analysis of these changes has underscored that degradation of some fibrillar collagens is likely to depend on the action of endogenous proteinases, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), synthesized as a consequence of the inflammatory process. The action of SVMPs on the ECM also results in the release of ECM-derived biologically-active peptides that exert diverse actions in the tissue, some of which might be associated with reparative events or with further tissue damage. The study of the effects of SVMP on the ECM is an open field of research which may bring a renewed understanding of snake venom-induced pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Gutiérrez
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Teresa Escalante
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Alexandra Rucavado
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Cristina Herrera
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Jay W Fox
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22959, USA.
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90
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Abstract
Tendons among connective tissue, mainly collagen, contain also elastic fibers (EF) made of fibrillin 1, fibrillin 2 and elastin that are broadly distributed in tendons and represent 1-2% of the dried mass of the tendon. Only in the last years, studies on structure and function of EF in tendons have been performed. Aim of this review is to revise data on the organization of EF in tendons, in particular fibrillin structure and function, and on the clinical manifestations associated to alterations of EF in tendons. Indeed, microfibrils may contribute to tendon mechanics; therefore, their alterations may cause joint hypermobility and contractures which have been found to be clinical features in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) and Beals syndrome. The two diseases are caused by mutations in genes FBN1 and FBN2 encoding fibrillin 1 and fibrillin 2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betti Giusti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of De Novo Therapies (DENOTHE), University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
- Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders Regional (Tuscany) Referral Center, Careggi HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Guglielmina Pepe
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of De Novo Therapies (DENOTHE), University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
- Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders Regional (Tuscany) Referral Center, Careggi HospitalFlorence, Italy
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91
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Sand JMB, Leeming DJ, Byrjalsen I, Bihlet AR, Lange P, Tal-Singer R, Miller BE, Karsdal MA, Vestbo J. High levels of biomarkers of collagen remodeling are associated with increased mortality in COPD - results from the ECLIPSE study. Respir Res 2016; 17:125. [PMID: 27716343 PMCID: PMC5050854 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0440-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a need to identify individuals with COPD at risk for disease progression and mortality. Lung tissue remodeling is associated with the release of extracellular matrix (ECM) fragments into the peripheral circulation. We hypothesized that ECM remodeling was associated with mortality in COPD and measured neo-epitopes originating from ECM proteins associated with lung tissue remodeling. Methods Biomarkers of ECM remodeling were assessed in a subpopulation (n = 1000) of the Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End-points (ECLIPSE) cohort. Validated immunoassays measuring serological neo-epitopes produced by proteolytic cleavage associated with degradation of collagen type I, III, IV, and VI, elastin, and biglycan, and formation of collagen type VI as well as fibrinogen and C-reactive protein were used. Multivariate models were used to assess the prognostic value of these biomarkers. Results Thirty subjects (3.0 %) died during follow-up. Non-survivors were older, had reduced exercise capacity, increased dyspnea score, and included fewer current smokers. All collagen biomarkers were significantly elevated in non-survivors compared to survivors. Mortality risk was significantly increased for subjects with collagen remodeling biomarkers in the upper quartile, especially for the degradation fragment of collagen type IV C6M (hazard ratio 6.6 [95 % confidence interval 2.9-15.2], P < 0.0001) after adjusting for relevant confounders. Conclusions Serological biomarkers of collagen remodeling were strongly associated with mortality in subjects with COPD indicating that assessment of tissue turnover in the parenchyma and small airways may be useful in the prognosis of COPD. Trial registration NCT00292552, GSK Study No. SCO104960. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-016-0440-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannie M B Sand
- Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark. .,Section of Social Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | - Peter Lange
- Section of Social Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section of Respiratory Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Ruth Tal-Singer
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit, GSK Research and Development, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - Bruce E Miller
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit, GSK Research and Development, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jørgen Vestbo
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Manchester Academic Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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92
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Gutiérrez JM, Escalante T, Rucavado A, Herrera C. Hemorrhage Caused by Snake Venom Metalloproteinases: A Journey of Discovery and Understanding. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:93. [PMID: 27023608 PMCID: PMC4848620 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The historical development of discoveries and conceptual frames for understanding the hemorrhagic activity induced by viperid snake venoms and by hemorrhagic metalloproteinases (SVMPs) present in these venoms is reviewed. Histological and ultrastructural tools allowed the identification of the capillary network as the main site of action of SVMPs. After years of debate, biochemical developments demonstrated that all hemorrhagic toxins in viperid venoms are zinc-dependent metalloproteinases. Hemorrhagic SVMPs act by initially hydrolyzing key substrates at the basement membrane (BM) of capillaries. This degradation results in the weakening of the mechanical stability of the capillary wall, which becomes distended owing of the action of the hemodynamic biophysical forces operating in the circulation. As a consequence, the capillary wall is disrupted and extravasation occurs. SVMPs do not induce rapid toxicity to endothelial cells, and the pathological effects described in these cells in vivo result from the mechanical action of these hemodynamic forces. Experimental evidence suggests that degradation of type IV collagen, and perhaps also perlecan, is the key event in the onset of microvessel damage. It is necessary to study this phenomenon from a holistic, systemic perspective in which the action of other venom components is also taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Gutiérrez
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Teresa Escalante
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Alexandra Rucavado
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Cristina Herrera
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
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93
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de Greef JC, Hamlyn R, Jensen BS, O'Campo Landa R, Levy JR, Kobuke K, Campbell KP. Collagen VI deficiency reduces muscle pathology, but does not improve muscle function, in the γ-sarcoglycan-null mouse. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:1357-69. [PMID: 26908621 PMCID: PMC4787905 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophy is characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness and dystrophic muscle exhibits degeneration and regeneration of muscle cells, inflammation and fibrosis. Skeletal muscle fibrosis is an excessive deposition of components of the extracellular matrix including an accumulation of Collagen VI. We hypothesized that a reduction of Collagen VI in a muscular dystrophy model that presents with fibrosis would result in reduced muscle pathology and improved muscle function. To test this hypothesis, we crossed γ-sarcoglycan-null mice, a model of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2C, with a Col6a2-deficient mouse model. We found that the resulting γ-sarcoglycan-null/Col6a2Δex5 mice indeed exhibit reduced muscle pathology compared with γ-sarcoglycan-null mice. Specifically, fewer muscle fibers are degenerating, fiber size varies less, Evans blue dye uptake is reduced and serum creatine kinase levels are lower. Surprisingly, in spite of this reduction in muscle pathology, muscle function is not significantly improved. In fact, grip strength and maximum isometric tetanic force are even lower in γ-sarcoglycan-null/Col6a2Δex5 mice than in γ-sarcoglycan-null mice. In conclusion, our results reveal that Collagen VI-mediated fibrosis contributes to skeletal muscle pathology in γ-sarcoglycan-null mice. Importantly, however, our data also demonstrate that a reduction in skeletal muscle pathology does not necessarily lead to an improvement of skeletal muscle function, and this should be considered in future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C de Greef
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Rebecca Hamlyn
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Braden S Jensen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Raul O'Campo Landa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jennifer R Levy
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Kobuke
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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94
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Type VI Collagen Regulates Dermal Matrix Assembly and Fibroblast Motility. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:74-83. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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95
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Paco S, Casserras T, Rodríguez MA, Jou C, Puigdelloses M, Ortez CI, Diaz-Manera J, Gallardo E, Colomer J, Nascimento A, Kalko SG, Jimenez-Mallebrera C. Transcriptome Analysis of Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Fibroblasts Reveals a Disease Extracellular Matrix Signature and Key Molecular Regulators. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145107. [PMID: 26670220 PMCID: PMC4686057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Collagen VI related myopathies encompass a range of phenotypes with involvement of skeletal muscle, skin and other connective tissues. They represent a severe and relatively common form of congenital disease for which there is no treatment. Collagen VI in skeletal muscle and skin is produced by fibroblasts. Aims & Methods In order to gain insight into the consequences of collagen VI mutations and identify key disease pathways we performed global gene expression analysis of dermal fibroblasts from patients with Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy with and without vitamin C treatment. The expression data were integrated using a range of systems biology tools. Results were validated by real-time PCR, western blotting and functional assays. Findings We found significant changes in the expression levels of almost 600 genes between collagen VI deficient and control fibroblasts. Highly regulated genes included extracellular matrix components and surface receptors, including integrins, indicating a shift in the interaction between the cell and its environment. This was accompanied by a significant increase in fibroblasts adhesion to laminin. The observed changes in gene expression profiling may be under the control of two miRNAs, miR-30c and miR-181a, which we found elevated in tissue and serum from patients and which could represent novel biomarkers for muscular dystrophy. Finally, the response to vitamin C of collagen VI mutated fibroblasts significantly differed from healthy fibroblasts. Vitamin C treatment was able to revert the expression of some key genes to levels found in control cells raising the possibility of a beneficial effect of vitamin C as a modulator of some of the pathological aspects of collagen VI related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Paco
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Casserras
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Angels Rodríguez
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Jou
- Pathology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Puigdelloses
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos I. Ortez
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Diaz-Manera
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Gallardo
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Colomer
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Nascimento
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana G. Kalko
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jimenez-Mallebrera
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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96
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Sun S, Henriksen K, Karsdal MA, Byrjalsen I, Rittweger J, Armbrecht G, Belavy DL, Felsenberg D, Nedergaard AF. Collagen Type III and VI Turnover in Response to Long-Term Immobilization. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144525. [PMID: 26641456 PMCID: PMC4671681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle mass and function are perturbed by immobilization and remobilization. When muscle mass changes, the quality and quantity of the extracellular matrix protein, particularly the collagens, change with it. In this study, we investigated the temporal profile of three peptide biomarkers derived from turnover of collagen type III and type VI in a long-term immobilization and remobilization study. We also compared individual biomarker levels with Lean body Mass (LBM) and changes therein, hypothesizing that these biomarkers would be biomarkers of the remodeling processes associated with immobilization and/or remobilization. METHODS In the Berlin bed rest study, 20 young men were recruited and randomly assigned to 8-week's strict bed rest with or without resistive vibration exercise countermeasure. We measured three neo-epitope ELISA kits in the serum samples of this study: Pro-C3, measured the synthesis of collagen type III; Pro-C6, measured the synthesis of collagen type VI; and C6M measured the degradation of collagen type VI induced by MMP-2 and MMP-9 cleavage. RESULTS Pro-C3 and Pro-C6 biomarkers are up-regulated with both immobilization and remobilization, whereas C6M is hardly affected at all. We found that Pro-C3 and C6M levels are related to LBM at baseline and that high levels of Pro-C6 are associated with smaller changes in muscle mass during both immobilization and remobilization. CONCLUSION The Pro-C3 and-C6 biomarkers change likely reflect remodeling changes in response to unloading or reloading, whereas C6M does not appear to respond to unloading. Pro-C3 and C6M levels correlate with LBM at baseline, while Pro-C6 is related to the anabolic and catabolic responses to unloading and reloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Sun
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Kim Henriksen
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jörn Rittweger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Köln, Germany
| | - Gabriele Armbrecht
- Center for Muscle and Bone Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Free and Humboldt Universities, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel L. Belavy
- Center for Muscle and Bone Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Free and Humboldt Universities, Berlin, Germany
- Deakin University, Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Dieter Felsenberg
- Center for Muscle and Bone Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Free and Humboldt Universities, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anders F. Nedergaard
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen NW, Denmark
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97
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Soret R, Mennetrey M, Bergeron KF, Dariel A, Neunlist M, Grunder F, Faure C, Silversides DW, Pilon N. A collagen VI-dependent pathogenic mechanism for Hirschsprung's disease. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:4483-96. [PMID: 26571399 DOI: 10.1172/jci83178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a severe congenital anomaly of the enteric nervous system (ENS) characterized by functional intestinal obstruction due to a lack of intrinsic innervation in the distal bowel. Distal innervation deficiency results from incomplete colonization of the bowel by enteric neural crest cells (eNCCs), the ENS precursors. Here, we report the generation of a mouse model for HSCR--named Holstein--that contains an untargeted transgenic insertion upstream of the collagen-6α4 (Col6a4) gene. This insertion induces eNCC-specific upregulation of Col6a4 expression that increases total collagen VI protein levels in the extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding both the developing and the postnatal ENS. Increased collagen VI levels during development mainly result in slower migration of eNCCs. This appears to be due to the fact that collagen VI is a poor substratum for supporting eNCC migration and can even interfere with the migration-promoting effects of fibronectin. Importantly, for a majority of patients in a HSCR cohort, the myenteric ganglia from the ganglionated region are also specifically surrounded by abundant collagen VI microfibrils, an outcome accentuated by Down syndrome. Collectively, our data thus unveil a clinically relevant pathogenic mechanism for HSCR that involves cell-autonomous changes in ECM composition surrounding eNCCs. Moreover, as COL6A1 and COL6A2 are on human Chr.21q, this mechanism is highly relevant to the predisposition of patients with Down syndrome to HSCR.
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98
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Ramanoudjame L, Rocancourt C, Lainé J, Klein A, Joassard L, Gartioux C, Fleury M, Lyphout L, Kabashi E, Ciura S, Cousin X, Allamand V. Two novel COLVI long chains in zebrafish that are essential for muscle development. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:6624-39. [PMID: 26362255 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI (COLVI), a protein ubiquitously expressed in connective tissues, is crucial for structural integrity, cellular adhesion, migration and survival. Six different genes are recognized in mammalians, encoding six COLVI-chains that assemble as two 'short' (α1, α2) and one 'long' chain (theoretically any one of α3-6). In humans, defects in the most widely expressed heterotrimer (α123), due to mutations in the COL6A1-3 genes, cause a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders, collectively termed COLVI-related muscle disorders. Little is known about the function(s) of the recently described α4-6 chains and no mutations have been detected yet. In this study, we characterized two novel COLVI long chains in zebrafish that are most homologous to the mammalian α4 chain; therefore, we named the corresponding genes col6a4a and col6a4b. These orthologues represent ancestors of the mammalian Col6a4-6 genes. By in situ hybridization and RT-qPCR, we unveiled a distinctive expression kinetics for col6a4b, compared with the other col6a genes. Using morpholino antisense oligonucleotides targeting col6a4a, col6a4b and col6a2, we modelled partial and complete COLVI deficiency, respectively. All morphant embryos presented altered muscle structure and impaired motility. While apoptosis was not drastically increased, autophagy induction was defective in all morphants. Furthermore, motoneuron axon growth was abnormal in these morphants. Importantly, some phenotypical differences emerged between col6a4a and col6a4b morphants, suggesting only partial functional redundancy. Overall, our results further confirm the importance of COLVI in zebrafish muscle development and may provide important clues for potential human phenotypes associated with deficiency of the recently described COLVI-chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Ramanoudjame
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | | | - Jeanne Lainé
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France, Département de Physiologie, Sorbonne Universités UPMC Paris 06, Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Arnaud Klein
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | | | - Corine Gartioux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Marjory Fleury
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Laura Lyphout
- Fish Ecophysiology Group, Ifremer, L'Houmeau F-17137, France
| | - Edor Kabashi
- Sorbonne Universités Paris VI, UMR CNRS 1127 UPMC, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière-ICM, Paris, France and
| | - Sorana Ciura
- Sorbonne Universités Paris VI, UMR CNRS 1127 UPMC, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière-ICM, Paris, France and
| | - Xavier Cousin
- Fish Ecophysiology Group, Ifremer, L'Houmeau F-17137, France, INRA LPGP, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes F-35042, France
| | - Valérie Allamand
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris F-75013, France, Institut de Myologie, Paris F-75013, France,
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Bu SC, Kuijer R, van der Worp RJ, Li XR, Hooymans JMM, Los LI. The Ultrastructural Localization of Type II, IV, and VI Collagens at the Vitreoretinal Interface. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134325. [PMID: 26230410 PMCID: PMC4521792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The vitreoretinal interface is the border of the cortical vitreous and the inner surface of the retina. The adhesion of the cortical vitreous to the ILM, namely vitreoretinal adhesion, involves a series of complex molecular adhesion mechanisms and has been considered as an important pathogenic factor in many vitreoretinal diseases. The presence of type VI collagen at the vitreoretinal interface and its possible interaction with collagens and glycoproteins indicates that type VI collagen may contribute to the vitreoretinal adhesion. Purpose To clarify the ultrastructural location of type VI collagen and its relationship to type II and IV collagens at the vitreoretinal interface. Methods The ultrastructural localization of type II, IV and VI collagens in the adult human vitreoretinal interface of five donor eyes was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy using immunogold labeling. Results In the pre-equatorial region, we observed densely packed vitreous lamellae with a partly intraretinal course containing type II and VI collagens, reticular structures containing type IV and VI collagens and a thin inner limiting membrane (ILM) containing type IV and VI collagens in a linear distribution pattern. From the anterior to the posterior retina, the linear pattern of type IV and VI collagen labeling gradually became more diffusely present throughout the entire thickness of the ILM. Conclusions The presence of type VI collagen in vitreous lamellae penetrating the ILM into the superficial retina suggests that type VI collagen may be involved in the organization of vitreous fibers into lamellae and in the adhesion of the vitreous fibers to the retina. The close relation of type VI to type IV collagen in the ILM suggests that type VI collagen is an important collagen type in the ILM. The topographic variations of type IV and VI collagens in the different regions of the ILM suggest a regional heterogeneity of the ILM. The reticular labeling pattern of type IV and VI collagens observed in the anterior vitreous are highly similar to labeling patterns of blood vessel walls. In the anterior vitreous, they may represent remnants of the regressed embryonic hyaloid blood vessel system. Their presence is in support of the theory on interactive remodeling of the developing vitreous as opposed to the main stream theory of displacement and compression of the primary by the secondary vitreous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Chong Bu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, Fu Kang Street 251, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Roel Kuijer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, FB40, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, building 3215, FB40, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Roelofje J. van der Worp
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xiao Rong Li
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, Fu Kang Street 251, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Johanna M. M. Hooymans
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonoor I. Los
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Radev Z, Hermel JM, Elipot Y, Bretaud S, Arnould S, Duchateau P, Ruggiero F, Joly JS, Sohm F. A TALEN-Exon Skipping Design for a Bethlem Myopathy Model in Zebrafish. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26221953 PMCID: PMC4519248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Presently, human collagen VI-related diseases such as Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) and Bethlem myopathy (BM) remain incurable, emphasizing the need to unravel their etiology and improve their treatments. In UCMD, symptom onset occurs early, and both diseases aggravate with ageing. In zebrafish fry, morpholinos reproduced early UCMD and BM symptoms but did not allow to study the late phenotype. Here, we produced the first zebrafish line with the human mutation frequently found in collagen VI-related disorders such as UCMD and BM. We used a transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) to design the col6a1ama605003-line with a mutation within an essential splice donor site, in intron 14 of the col6a1 gene, which provoke an in-frame skipping of exon 14 in the processed mRNA. This mutation at a splice donor site is the first example of a template-independent modification of splicing induced in zebrafish using a targetable nuclease. This technique is readily expandable to other organisms and can be instrumental in other disease studies. Histological and ultrastructural analyzes of homozygous and heterozygous mutant fry and 3 months post-fertilization (mpf) fish revealed co-dominantly inherited abnormal myofibers with disorganized myofibrils, enlarged sarcoplasmic reticulum, altered mitochondria and misaligned sarcomeres. Locomotion analyzes showed hypoxia-response behavior in 9 mpf col6a1 mutant unseen in 3 mpf fish. These symptoms worsened with ageing as described in patients with collagen VI deficiency. Thus, the col6a1ama605003-line is the first adult zebrafish model of collagen VI-related diseases; it will be instrumental both for basic research and drug discovery assays focusing on this type of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zlatko Radev
- UMS 1374, AMAGEN, INRA, Jouy en Josas, Domaine de Vilvert, France
- UMS 3504, AMAGEN, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Michel Hermel
- UMR 9197, INRA-CASBAH team, NEURO-Psi, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
- * E-mail: (FS); (JMH)
| | - Yannick Elipot
- UMR 9197, DECA team, NEURO-Psi, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Sandrine Bretaud
- UMR 5242, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Florence Ruggiero
- UMR 5242, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Frédéric Sohm
- UMS 1374, AMAGEN, INRA, Jouy en Josas, Domaine de Vilvert, France
- UMS 3504, AMAGEN, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- * E-mail: (FS); (JMH)
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