51
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Kim MJ, Kim HI, Kim JH, Suh SM, Kim HY. Rapid on-site detection of shrimp allergen tropomyosin using a novel ultrafast PCR system. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 28:591-597. [PMID: 30956872 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Shrimp is seafood that can commonly trigger allergic reactions. In this study, the ultrafast real-time PCR assay with portable device was developed to detect a shrimp-derived major allergen, tropomyosin, without complicated DNA extraction. For shrimp allergen detection, a specific primer pair was designed based on the shrimp tropomyosin gene and 18S ribosomal RNA gene as internal control. Primer specificity was assessed using 8 common seafood species. Serially diluted shrimp DNA was used to determine the limit of detection of the ultrafast PCR system, which was approximately 3.2 pg. Twenty-three food samples containing shrimp were evaluated to verify the applicability of a direct ultrafast PCR method for detecting shrimp allergens without DNA isolation. It took less than 30 min from sample preparation-to-result analysis to detect shrimp DNA in raw and processed samples. Therefore, this PCR system can be effectively and conveniently utilized in the field to detect shrimp in various food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ju Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-In Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Man Suh
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Yeong Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
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52
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Ross GMS, Bremer MGEG, Nielen MWF. Consumer-friendly food allergen detection: moving towards smartphone-based immunoassays. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:5353-5371. [PMID: 29582120 PMCID: PMC6096701 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0989-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this critical review, we provide a comprehensive overview of immunochemical food allergen assays and detectors in the context of their user-friendliness, through their connection to smartphones. Smartphone-based analysis is centered around citizen science, putting analysis into the hands of the consumer. Food allergies represent a significant worldwide health concern and consumers should be able to analyze their foods, whenever and wherever they are, for allergen presence. Owing to the need for a scientific background, traditional laboratory-based detection methods are generally unsuitable for the consumer. Therefore, it is important to develop simple, safe, and rapid assays that can be linked with smartphones as detectors to improve user accessibility. Smartphones make excellent detection systems because of their cameras, embedded flash functions, portability, connectivity, and affordability. Therefore, this review has summarized traditional laboratory-based methods for food allergen detection such as enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and surface plasmon resonance, and the potential to modernize these methods by interfacing them with a smartphone readout system, based on the aforementioned smartphone characteristics. This is the first review focusing on smartphone-based food-allergen detection methods designed with the intention of being consumer-friendly. Graphical abstract A smartphone-based food allergen detection system in three easy steps (1) sample preparation, (2) allergen detection on a smartphone using antibodies, which then transmits the data wirelessly, (3) analytical results sent straight to smartphone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina M S Ross
- RIKILT, Wageningen University and Research, P.O Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Monique G E G Bremer
- RIKILT, Wageningen University and Research, P.O Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel W F Nielen
- RIKILT, Wageningen University and Research, P.O Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Helix Building 124, Stippeng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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53
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Angelopoulou M, Petrou PS, Makarona E, Haasnoot W, Moser I, Jobst G, Goustouridis D, Lees M, Kalatzi K, Raptis I, Misiakos K, Kakabakos SE. Ultrafast Multiplexed-Allergen Detection through Advanced Fluidic Design and Monolithic Interferometric Silicon Chips. Anal Chem 2018; 90:9559-9567. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michailia Angelopoulou
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, INRaSTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Panagiota S. Petrou
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, INRaSTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Eleni Makarona
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Dimitrios Goustouridis
- ThetaMetrisis S.A., 12132 Egaleo, Greece
- Electronics Department, TEI of Piraeus, 12244 Egaleo, Greece
| | - Michèle Lees
- EUROFINS ANALYTICS
France, BP 42301 Nantes, France
| | | | - Ioannis Raptis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Misiakos
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Sotirios E. Kakabakos
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, INRaSTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
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54
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Khedri M, Ramezani M, Rafatpanah H, Abnous K. Detection of food-born allergens with aptamer-based biosensors. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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55
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Gómez-Arribas LN, Benito-Peña E, Hurtado-Sánchez MDC, Moreno-Bondi MC. Biosensing Based on Nanoparticles for Food Allergens Detection. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18041087. [PMID: 29617319 PMCID: PMC5948517 DOI: 10.3390/s18041087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is one of the major health threats for sensitized individuals all over the world and, over the years, the food industry has made significant efforts and investments to offer safe foods for allergic consumers. The analysis of the concentration of food allergen residues in processing equipment, in raw materials or in the final product, provides analytical information that can be used for risk assessment as well as to ensure that food-allergic consumers get accurate and useful information to make their food choices and purchasing decisions. The development of biosensors based on nanomaterials for applications in food analysis is a challenging area of growing interest in the last years. Research in this field requires the combined efforts of experts in very different areas including food chemistry, biotechnology or materials science. However, the outcome of such collaboration can be of significant impact on the food industry as well as for consumer’s safety. These nanobiosensing devices allow the rapid, selective, sensitive, cost-effective and, in some cases, in-field, online and real-time detection of a wide range of compounds, even in complex matrices. Moreover, they can also enable the design of novel allergen detection strategies. Herein we review the main advances in the use of nanoparticles for the development of biosensors and bioassays for allergen detection, in food samples, over the past few years. Research in this area is still in its infancy in comparison, for instance, to the application of nanobiosensors for clinical analysis. However, it will be of interest for the development of new technologies that reduce the gap between laboratory research and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Nazaret Gómez-Arribas
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Benito-Peña
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - María Cruz Moreno-Bondi
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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56
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Lee CH, Wu CC, Tyan YC, Yu WT, Huang ES, Yu HS. Identification of pyruvate kinase as a novel allergen in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) by specific-IgE present in patients with shrimp allergy. Food Chem 2018; 258:359-365. [PMID: 29655746 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is one of the most important health issues worldwide. In Taiwan, current literature suggests shrimps and crabs are the most common causes of food allergy, and are frequently associated with acute allergic reactions such as urticaria, atopic dermatitis, and asthma. However, knowledge regarding the shrimp allergens remains limited. Thus, there is an urgent need to establish comprehensive information for elucidating underlying triggers for food allergy. In this study, whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) was used to evaluate the IgE-binding properties of various shrimp proteins to 7 allergic patients' sera by western blot. A 63 kDa protein was found in raw and cooked shrimp bound to specific-IgEs in 7 and 4 patients' sera, respectively. This protein was further identified as pyruvate kinase based on the proteomic mass spectrometry. This study identifies an important shrimp allergen unique to Taiwan and further testing and prevention measures might be implemented in the allergen analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Tyan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, and Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tai Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Edward S Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Mountain View, CA 94040, USA
| | - Hsu-Sheng Yu
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
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57
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White SP, Frisbie CD, Dorfman KD. Detection and Sourcing of Gluten in Grain with Multiple Floating-Gate Transistor Biosensors. ACS Sens 2018; 3:395-402. [PMID: 29411606 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a chemically tunable electronic sensor for quantitation of gluten based on a floating-gate transistor (FGT) architecture. The FGTs are fabricated in parallel and each one is functionalized with a different chemical moiety designed to preferentially bind a specific grain source of gluten. The resulting set of FGT sensors can detect both wheat and barley gluten below the gluten-free limit of 20 ppm (w/w) while providing a source-dependent signature for improved accuracy. This label-free transduction method does not require any secondary binding events, resulting in a ca. 45 min reduction in analysis time relative to state-of-the-art ELISA kits with a simple and easily implemented workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P. White
- Department of Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, University of Minnesota − Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - C. Daniel Frisbie
- Department of Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, University of Minnesota − Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kevin D. Dorfman
- Department of Chemical Engineering
and Materials Science, University of Minnesota − Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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58
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García-García A, Madrid R, García T, Martín R, González I. Use of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) for screening of wheat, barley, rye and oats in foods. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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59
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Mazzucchelli G, Holzhauser T, Cirkovic Velickovic T, Diaz‐Perales A, Molina E, Roncada P, Rodrigues P, Verhoeckx K, Hoffmann‐Sommergruber K. Current (Food) Allergenic Risk Assessment: Is It Fit for Novel Foods? Status Quo and Identification of Gaps. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:1700278. [PMID: 28925060 PMCID: PMC5814866 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Food allergies are recognized as a global health concern. In order to protect allergic consumers from severe symptoms, allergenic risk assessment for well-known foods and foods containing genetically modified ingredients is installed. However, population is steadily growing and there is a rising need to provide adequate protein-based foods, including novel sources, not yet used for human consumption. In this context safety issues such as a potential increased allergenic risk need to be assessed before marketing novel food sources. Therefore, the established allergenic risk assessment for genetically modified organisms needs to be re-evaluated for its applicability for risk assessment of novel food proteins. Two different scenarios of allergic sensitization have to be assessed. The first scenario is the presence of already known allergenic structures in novel foods. For this, a comparative assessment can be performed and the range of cross-reactivity can be explored, while in the second scenario allergic reactions are observed toward so far novel allergenic structures and no reference material is available. This review summarizes the current analytical methods for allergenic risk assessment, highlighting the strengths and limitations of each method and discussing the gaps in this assessment that need to be addressed in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Mazzucchelli
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry – MolSysDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium
| | | | - Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food SciencesUniversity of Belgrade – Faculty of ChemistryBelgradeSerbia
- Ghent University Global CampusYeonsu‐guIncheonSouth Korea
| | | | | | - Paola Roncada
- Istituto Sperimentale Italiano Lazzaro SpallanzaniMilanoItaly
| | - Pedro Rodrigues
- CCMARCenter of Marine ScienceUniversity of AlgarveFaroPortugal
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60
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Christopoulou S, Karaiskou S, Kalogianni DP. Microbead-based simultaneous fluorometric detection of three nut allergens. Mikrochim Acta 2017; 185:13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2559-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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61
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Villa C, Costa J, Oliveira MBP, Mafra I. Bovine Milk Allergens: A Comprehensive Review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 17:137-164. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Villa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia; Univ. do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia; Univ. do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | | | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia; Univ. do Porto; Porto Portugal
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62
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Lin HY, Huang CH, Park J, Pathania D, Castro CM, Fasano A, Weissleder R, Lee H. Integrated Magneto-Chemical Sensor For On-Site Food Allergen Detection. ACS NANO 2017; 11:10062-10069. [PMID: 28792732 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Adverse food reactions, including food allergies, food sensitivities, and autoimmune reaction (e.g., celiac disease) affect 5-15% of the population and remain a considerable public health problem requiring stringent food avoidance and epinephrine availability for emergency events. Avoiding problematic foods is practically difficult, given current reliance on prepared foods and out-of-home meals. In response, we developed a portable, point-of-use detection technology, termed integrated exogenous antigen testing (iEAT). The system consists of a disposable antigen extraction device coupled with an electronic keychain reader for rapid sensing and communication. We optimized the prototype iEAT system to detect five major food antigens in peanuts, hazelnuts, wheat, milk, and eggs. Antigen extraction and detection with iEAT requires <10 min and achieves high-detection sensitivities (e.g., 0.1 mg/kg for gluten, lower than regulatory limits of 20 mg/kg). When testing under restaurant conditions, we were able to detect hidden food antigens such as gluten within "gluten-free" food items. The small size and rapid, simple testing of the iEAT system should help not only consumers but also other key stakeholders such as clinicians, food industries, and regulators to enhance food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ralph Weissleder
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
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63
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Gautam PB, Sharma R, Lata K, Rajput YS, Mann B. Construction of a lateral flow strip for detection of soymilk in milk. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2017; 54:4213-4219. [PMID: 29184227 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2890-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A lateral flow based detection method for ascertaining the presence of soymilk in whole bovine milk has been described. The method uses commercially available rabbit anti-soy protein antibodies conjugated to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) wherein soymilk protein in adulterated milk and soymilk protein at test line competes for limited antibodies. At control line, anti-rabbit immunoglobulin was immobilized for ensuring flow properties of antibody-conjugated AuNPs. Absence or diminished intensity of band at test line indicates presence of soymilk in milk. The soymilk detection limit was 1.75% (v/v) in whole bovine milk and results are available in 5 min. Constructed lateral flow device can be used for on-spot examination of soymilk in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyae Brath Gautam
- Department of Dairy Chemistry, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India
| | - Rajan Sharma
- Department of Dairy Chemistry, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India
| | - Kiran Lata
- Department of Dairy Chemistry, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India
| | - Y S Rajput
- Department of Animal Biochemistry, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India
| | - Bimlesh Mann
- Department of Dairy Chemistry, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India
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64
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Minamiki T, Sasaki Y, Tokito S, Minami T. Label-Free Direct Electrical Detection of a Histidine-Rich Protein with Sub-Femtomolar Sensitivity using an Organic Field-Effect Transistor. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:472-475. [PMID: 28794937 PMCID: PMC5542759 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in achieving sensor systems to enable on-site testing of biomarkers. Herein, a new strategy for highly sensitive protein detection at sub-femtomolar levels without any labelling has been demonstrated by using an organic field-effect transistor (OFET). An artificial histidine-rich protein receptor (NiII-nitrilotriacetic acid complex, NiII-nta) functionalizes a detection portion (i.e. an extended-gate electrode) of the fabricated OFET device. The OFET responds electrically and selectively to a target analyte (bovine serum albumin), meaning that the binding processes at the NiII-nta on the extended-gate electrode for the analyte affect the field-effect properties of the device. Our results demonstrate that the combination of the OFET with the artificial receptor is an ideal approach for label-free and immune-free protein detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukuru Minamiki
- Institute of Industrial ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyo153–8505Japan
| | - Yui Sasaki
- Institute of Industrial ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyo153–8505Japan
- Research Center for Organic ElectronicsYamagata UniversityYamagata992–8510Japan
| | - Shizuo Tokito
- Research Center for Organic ElectronicsYamagata UniversityYamagata992–8510Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Institute of Industrial ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyo153–8505Japan
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65
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Ricci A, Chemaly M, Davies R, Fernández Escámez PS, Girones R, Herman L, Lindqvist R, Nørrung B, Robertson L, Ru G, Simmons M, Skandamis P, Snary E, Speybroeck N, Ter Kuile B, Threlfall J, Wahlström H, Allende A, Barregård L, Jacxsens L, Koutsoumanis K, Sanaa M, Varzakas T, Baert K, Hempen M, Rizzi V, Van der Stede Y, Bolton D. Hazard analysis approaches for certain small retail establishments in view of the application of their food safety management systems. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04697. [PMID: 32625423 PMCID: PMC7010028 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Under current European hygiene legislation, food businesses are obliged to develop and implement food safety management systems (FSMS) including prerequisite programme (PRP) activities and hazard analysis and critical control point principles. This requirement is especially challenging for small food retail establishments, where a lack of expertise and other resources may limit the development and implementation of effective FSMS. In this opinion, a simplified approach to food safety management is developed and presented based on a fundamental understanding of processing stages (flow diagram) and the activities contributing to increased occurrence of the hazards (biological, chemical (including allergens) or physical) that may occur. The need to understand and apply hazard or risk ranking within the hazard analysis is removed and control is achieved using PRP activities as recently described in the European Commission Notice 2016/C278, but with the addition of a PRP activity covering ‘product information and customer awareness’. Where required, critical limits, monitoring and record keeping are also included. Examples of the simplified approach are presented for five types of retail establishments: butcher, grocery, bakery, fish and ice cream shop.
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66
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Alves RC, Pimentel FB, Nouws HP, Silva TH, Oliveira MBP, Delerue-Matos C. Improving the extraction of Ara h 6 (a peanut allergen) from a chocolate-based matrix for immunosensing detection: Influence of time, temperature and additives. Food Chem 2017; 218:242-248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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67
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Vial S, Berrahal Y, Prado M, Wenger J. Single-Step DNA Detection Assay Monitoring Dual-Color Light Scattering from Individual Metal Nanoparticle Aggregates. ACS Sens 2017; 2:251-256. [PMID: 28261666 PMCID: PMC5329769 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Efficiently detecting
DNA sequences within a limited time is vital
for disease screening and public health monitoring. This calls for
a new method that combines high sensitivity, fast read-out time, and
easy manipulation of the sample, avoiding the extensive steps of DNA
amplification, purification, or grafting to a surface. Here, we introduce
photon cross-correlation spectroscopy as a new method for specific
DNA sensing with high sensitivity in a single-step homogeneous solution
phase. Our approach is based on confocal dual-color illumination and
detection of the scattering intensities from individual silver nanoparticles
and gold nanorods. In the absence of the target DNA, the nanoparticles
move independently and their respective scattering signals are uncorrelated.
In the presence of the target DNA, the probe-functionalized gold and
silver nanoparticles assemble via DNA hybridization with the target,
giving rise to temporal coincidence between the signals scattered
by each nanoparticle. The degree of coincidence accurately quantifies
the amount of target DNA. To demonstrate the efficiency of our technique,
we detect a specific DNA sequence of sesame, an allergenic food ingredient,
for a range of concentration from 5 pM to 1.5 nM with a limit of detection
of 1 pM. Our method is sensitive and specific enough to detect single
nucleotide deletion and mismatch. With the dual-color scattering signals
being much brighter than fluorescence-based analogs, the analysis
is fast, quantitative, and simple to operate, making it valuable for
biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Vial
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Youri Berrahal
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Marta Prado
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL) Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-310, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jérôme Wenger
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
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68
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Alves RC, Barroso MF, González-García MB, Oliveira MBPP, Delerue-Matos C. New Trends in Food Allergens Detection: Toward Biosensing Strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:2304-19. [PMID: 25779935 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.831026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Food allergens are a real threat to sensitized individuals. Although food labeling is crucial to provide information to consumers with food allergies, accidental exposure to allergenic proteins may result from undeclared allergenic substances by means of food adulteration, fraud or uncontrolled cross-contamination. Allergens detection in foodstuffs can be a very hard task, due to their presence usually in trace amounts, together with the natural interference of the matrix. Methods for allergens analysis can be mainly divided in two large groups: the immunological assays and the DNA-based ones. Mass spectrometry has also been used as a confirmatory tool. Recently, biosensors appeared as innovative, sensitive, selective, environmentally friendly, cheaper and fast techniques (especially when automated and/or miniaturized), able to effectively replace the classical methodologies. In this review, we present the advances in the field of food allergens detection toward the biosensing strategies and discuss the challenges and future perspectives of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita C Alves
- a REQUIMTE, LAQV/Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b REQUIMTE, LAQV/Departamento de Ciências Químicas , Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - M Fátima Barroso
- a REQUIMTE, LAQV/Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b REQUIMTE, LAQV/Departamento de Ciências Químicas , Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | | | - M Beatriz P P Oliveira
- b REQUIMTE, LAQV/Departamento de Ciências Químicas , Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- a REQUIMTE, LAQV/Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto , Porto , Portugal
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69
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Hoffmann B, Münch S, Schwägele F, Neusüß C, Jira W. A sensitive HPLC-MS/MS screening method for the simultaneous detection of lupine, pea, and soy proteins in meat products. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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70
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de la Cruz S, López-Calleja I, Martín R, González I, Alcocer M, García T. Recent Advances in the Detection of Allergens in Foods. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1592:263-295. [PMID: 28315226 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6925-8_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Food allergy is a public health issue that has significantly increased worldwide in the past decade affecting consumers' quality of life and making increasing demands on health service resources. Despite recent advances in many areas of diagnosis and treatment, our general knowledge of the basic mechanisms of the disease remained limited, i.e., not at pace with the exponential number of new cases and the explosion of the new technologies. For sensitized individuals, the only effective way to prevent allergic reactions is the strict avoidance of the offending food. For this reason, a number of regulatory bodies in several countries have recognized the importance of providing information about the presence of food allergens by enacting laws, regulations, or standards for food labeling of "priority allergens." This has resulted in the need for the development of analytical methods for protection of food-allergic consumers that should be among others highly specific, sensitive, and not influenced by the presence of the food matrix components. Several analytical approaches target either the allergen itself or a corresponding allergen marker such as peptide fragment or gene segment and have been used in the detection and quantification of allergens in food products. In this short review, some of the conventional and new methods for the detection of allergens in food are listed and briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia de la Cruz
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés López-Calleja
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Martín
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel González
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Alcocer
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, Nottingham, UK
| | - Teresa García
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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71
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72
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Costa J, Fernandes TJ, Villa C, P.P. Oliveira MB, Mafra I. Advances in Food Allergen Analysis. Food Saf (Tokyo) 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119160588.ch9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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73
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Wu Z, Zhang Y, Zhan S, Lian J, Zhao R, Li K, Tong P, Li X, Yang A, Chen H. Development of immunoaffinity chromatographic method for Ara h 2 isolation. Protein Expr Purif 2016; 131:85-90. [PMID: 27989798 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Ara h 2 is considered a major allergen in peanut. Due to the difficulty of separation, Ara h 2 had not been fully studied. Immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) column can separate target protein with high selectivity, which made it possible to purify Ara h 2 from different samples. In this study, IAC method was developed to purify Ara h 2 and its effect was evaluated. By coupling polyclonal antibody (pAb) on CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B, the column for specific extraction was constructed. The coupling efficiency of the IAC column was higher than 90%, which made the capacity of column reached 0.56 mg per 0.15 g medium (dry weight). The recovery of Ara h 2 ranged from 93% to 100% for different concentrations of pure Ara h 2 solutions in 15 min. After using a column 10 times, about 88% of the column capacity remained. When applied to extract Ara h 2 from raw peanut protein extract and boiled peanut protein extract, the IAC column could recovery 94% and 88% target protein from the mixture. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis confirmed the purified protein was Ara h 2, its purity reached about 90%. Significantly, the IAC column could capture dimer of Ara h 2, which made it feasible to prepared derivative of protein after processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shaode Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jun Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ruifang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Resources Environment & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Anshu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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74
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Boushell V, Pang S, He L. Aptamer-Based SERS Detection of Lysozyme on a Food-Handling Surface. J Food Sci 2016; 82:225-231. [PMID: 27973744 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Undeclared food allergens due to cross contamination of processing equipment is a leading cause for food product recalls. Therefore, there is a great need for developing rapid and sensitive methods to detect food allergens. In this paper, an aptamer highly specific to egg white lysozyme was coupled to dendritic silver nanoparticles in order to perform surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The procedure was successfully tested in water and on a stainless steel food-handling surface. The lowest detectable concentration for lysozyme was 0.5 μg/mL in water and 5 μg/mL on a stainless steel food-handling surface. Principal component analysis shows a significant change in SERS spectra when lysozyme was present, suggesting the successful capture of lysozyme by the aptamer. Quantification of lysozyme target was also shown from 0 to 6 μg/mL, that is, 0, 0.5, 2, 6 μg/mL. Overall method took less than 40 min. The developed method can be extended to detect other food allergens using specific aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Boushell
- Dept. of Food Science, Univ. of Massachusetts Amherst, 100 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA, 01003, U.S.A
| | - Shintaro Pang
- Dept. of Food Science, Univ. of Massachusetts Amherst, 100 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA, 01003, U.S.A
| | - Lili He
- Dept. of Food Science, Univ. of Massachusetts Amherst, 100 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA, 01003, U.S.A
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75
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Otto G, Lamote A, Deckers E, Dumont V, Delahaut P, Scippo ML, Pleck J, Hillairet C, Gillard N. A flow-cytometry-based method for detecting simultaneously five allergens in a complex food matrix. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2016; 53:4179-4186. [PMID: 28115758 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2402-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To avoid carry-over contamination with allergens, food manufacturers implement quality control strategies relying primarily on detection of allergenic proteins by ELISA. Although sensitive and specific, this method allowed detection of only one allergen per analysis and effective control policies were thus based on multiplying the number of tests done in order to cover the whole range of allergens. We present in this work an immunoassay for the simultaneous detection of milk, egg, peanut, mustard and crustaceans in cookies samples. The method was based on a combination of flow cytometry with competitive ELISA where microbeads were used as sorbent surface. The test was able to detect the presence of the five allergens with median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) ranging from 2.5 to 15 mg/kg according to the allergen to be detected. The lowest concentrations of contaminants inducing a significant difference of signal between non-contaminated controls and test samples were 2 mg/kg of peanut, 5 mg/kg of crustaceans, 5 mg/kg of milk, 5 mg/kg of mustard and 10 mg/kg of egg. Assay sensitivity was influenced by the concentration of primary antibodies added to the sample extract for the competition and by the concentration of allergenic proteins bound to the surface of the microbeads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetan Otto
- Health Department, CER Groupe, Marloie, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Science, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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76
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Vasilescu A, Nunes G, Hayat A, Latif U, Marty JL. Electrochemical Affinity Biosensors Based on Disposable Screen-Printed Electrodes for Detection of Food Allergens. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 16:E1863. [PMID: 27827963 PMCID: PMC5134522 DOI: 10.3390/s16111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Food allergens are proteins from nuts and tree nuts, fish, shellfish, wheat, soy, eggs or milk which trigger severe adverse reactions in the human body, involving IgE-type antibodies. Sensitive detection of allergens in a large variety of food matrices has become increasingly important considering the emergence of functional foods and new food manufacturing technologies. For example, proteins such as casein from milk or lysozyme and ovalbumin from eggs are sometimes used as fining agents in the wine industry. Nonetheless, allergen detection in processed foods is a challenging endeavor, as allergen proteins are degraded during food processing steps involving heating or fermentation. Detection of food allergens was primarily achieved via Enzyme-Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA) or by chromatographic methods. With the advent of biosensors, electrochemical affinity-based biosensors such as those incorporating antibodies and aptamers as biorecognition elements were also reported in the literature. In this review paper, we highlight the success achieved in the design of electrochemical affinity biosensors based on disposable screen-printed electrodes towards detection of protein allergens. We will discuss the analytical figures of merit for various disposable screen-printed affinity sensors in relation to methodologies employed for immobilization of bioreceptors on transducer surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Vasilescu
- International Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, sector 6, 060101 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Gilvanda Nunes
- Technological Chemistry Department, Federal University of Maranhão, CCET/UFMA, Av. Portugueses, Cidade Universitária do Canga, 65080-040 São Luis, MA, Brazil.
| | - Akhtar Hayat
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM) COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), 54000 Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Usman Latif
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM) COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), 54000 Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Jean-Louis Marty
- BAE Laboratory, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France.
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77
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Bianchi DM, Adriano D, Astegiano S, Gallina S, Caramelli M, Decastelli L. Egg and Milk Proteins as Hidden Allergens in Food: 5-Year (2010 to 2014) Results of Food Allergen Monitoring in Piedmont, Italy. J Food Prot 2016; 79:1583-1587. [PMID: 28221935 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cow's milk and egg allergies are two of the most common food allergies. Manufacturers of food products containing milk or eggs or their derivatives as an ingredient are required by European Union regulations to list their presence on the ingredient label. Under European Union legislation, member states are mandated to carry out food safety monitoring programs to verify compliance with food labeling requirements. Through the Regional Integrated Plan for Food Safety, the Piedmont (Italy) regional authority carries out an annual program to determine the presence of undeclared allergens in foods. In the 5-year period from 2010 to 2014, a total of 1,566 food samples were analyzed for the presence of hidden egg and milk proteins. The average positive percentage was 2.8% (3.6% egg and 2% milk proteins). Comparison between the allergen concentration and the published eliciting dose (ED) for egg proteins (0.03 mg) and for total milk proteins (0.1 mg) indicated a high risk of allergen exposure for sensitized consumers. The calculated exposure was up to 135× (for milk) the ED01 reported in the literature. Food manufacturers will need to improve their allergen control programs to reduce allergen exposure and risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Manila Bianchi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.,Struttura Complessa Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, CREALIA-Regional Center for Food Intolerance and Allergies, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Adriano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.,Struttura Complessa Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, CREALIA-Regional Center for Food Intolerance and Allergies, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Astegiano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.,Struttura Complessa Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, CREALIA-Regional Center for Food Intolerance and Allergies, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Gallina
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.,Struttura Complessa Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, CREALIA-Regional Center for Food Intolerance and Allergies, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Caramelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Lucia Decastelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.,Struttura Complessa Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, CREALIA-Regional Center for Food Intolerance and Allergies, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
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78
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Detection by real time PCR of walnut allergen coding sequences in processed foods. Food Chem 2016; 202:334-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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79
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Koestel C, Simonin C, Belcher S, Rösti J. Implementation of an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Quantification of Allergenic Egg Residues in Red Wines Using Commercially Available Antibodies. J Food Sci 2016; 81:T2099-106. [PMID: 27356183 PMCID: PMC5129457 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Since the early 2000s, labeling of potentially allergenic food components to protect people who suffer from food allergies is compulsory in numerous industrialized countries. In Europe, milk and egg components used during the winemaking process must be indicated on the label since July 1, 2012. Several ELISA procedures have been developed to detect allergenic residues in wines. However, the complexity of the wine matrix can inhibit the immunoenzymatic reaction. The aim of this study was to implement an ELISA assay for the detection of ovalbumin in red wines using commercially available antibodies. The specificity of the acquired antibodies and the absence of cross reactivity were assessed by immunoblotting and ELISA. An ELISA assay with a LOD of 14.2 μg/L and a LOQ of 56.4 μg/L of ovalbumin in aqueous solution was obtained. Differences in ELISA signals were observed when analyzing various fining agents, although reproducible conformation of the antigen could be reached for the comparison of ovalbumin and Ovicolle. The differences between samples in terms of pH could be leveled but the inhibition of the ELISA signal, positively correlated to the tannin content of the wines, could not be suppressed. Thus, standard curves of ovalbumin in several wines were obtained by relative quantification. The control steps and the difficulties encountered presented in this study should be considered by anybody working toward the development of ELISA assays for the detection of allergenic residues in complex food matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Koestel
- Inst. of Plant Production Sciences, Swiss Federal Research Station Agroscope, Route de Duillier 50, Case Postale 1012, 1260, NYON, Switzerland
| | - Céline Simonin
- Inst. of Plant Production Sciences, Swiss Federal Research Station Agroscope, Route de Duillier 50, Case Postale 1012, 1260, NYON, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Belcher
- Inst. of Food Sciences, Swiss Federal Research Station Agroscope, Route de Duillier 50, Case Postale 1012, 1260, NYON, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Rösti
- Inst. of Plant Production Sciences, Swiss Federal Research Station Agroscope, Route de Duillier 50, Case Postale 1012, 1260, NYON, Switzerland
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80
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Abstract
Food allergy is receiving increased attention in recent years. Because there is currently no known cure for food allergy, avoiding the offending food is the best defense for sensitive individuals. Type I food allergy is mediated by food proteins, and thus, theoretically, any food protein is a potential allergen. Variability of an individual's immune system further complicates attempts to understand allergen-antibody interaction. In this article, we briefly review food allergy occurrence, prevalence, mechanisms, and detection. Efforts aimed at reducing/eliminating allergens through food processing are discussed. Future research needs are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shridhar K Sathe
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 30306-1493;
| | - Changqi Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 30306-1493;
| | - Valerie D Zaffran
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 30306-1493;
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81
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He S, Li X, Gao J, Tong P, Lu J, Chen H. Preparation, immunological characterization and polyclonal antibody development for recombinant epitope tandem derived from bovineβ-lactoglobulin. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2016.1183596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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82
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Cheng F, Wu J, Zhang J, Pan A, Quan S, Zhang D, Kim H, Li X, Zhou S, Yang L. Development and inter-laboratory transfer of a decaplex polymerase chain reaction assay combined with capillary electrophoresis for the simultaneous detection of ten food allergens. Food Chem 2016; 199:799-808. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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83
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Kanakubo K, Fascetti AJ, Larsen JA. Determination of mammalian deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in commercial vegetarian and vegan diets for dogs and cats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:70-74. [PMID: 27020325 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The determination of undeclared ingredients in pet food using different analytical methods has been reported in recent years, raising concerns regarding adequate quality control, dietary efficacy and the potential for purposeful adulteration. The objective of this study was to determine the presence or absence of mammalian DNA using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on diets marketed as vegetarian or vegan for dogs and cats. The diets were tested in duplicate; two samples were purchased approximately 3 to 4 months apart with different lot numbers. Multiplex PCR-targeted mitochondrial DNA with two species-specific primers was used to amplify and sequence two sections of the cytochrome b gene for each of the 11 mammalian species. Half of the diets assessed (7/14) were positive for one or more undeclared mammalian DNA source (bovine, porcine, or ovine), and the result was repeatable for one or more species in six diets. While most of the detected DNA was found at both time points, in some cases, the result was positive only at one time point, suggesting the presence may have been due to unintentional cross-contact with animal-sourced ingredients. DNA from feline, cervine, canine, caprine, equine, murine (mouse and rat) and leporine was not identified in any samples. However, evidence of mammalian DNA does not confirm adulteration by the manufacturer nor elucidate its clinical significance when consumed by animals that may benefit from a vegetarian or vegan diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kanakubo
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A J Fascetti
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J A Larsen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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84
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Development of an Indirect Competitive ELISA Kit for the Detection of Soybean Allergenic Protein Gly m Bd 28K. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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85
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Hideshima S, Fujita K, Harada Y, Tsuna M, Seto Y, Sekiguchi S, Kuroiwa S, Nakanishi T, Osaka T. Signal amplification in electrochemical detection of buckwheat allergenic protein using field effect transistor biosensor by introduction of anionic surfactant. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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86
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Muñoz-Colmenero M, Martínez JL, Roca A, García-Vázquez E. Authentication of commercial candy ingredients using DNA PCR-cloning methodology. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:859-867. [PMID: 25754444 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Commercial candies are consumed by all population age sectors worldwide. Methods for quality control and composition authentication are therefore needed for best compliance with consumers' preferences. In this study applications of DNA-based methodology for candy quality control have been tested. Eighteen samples of commercial candies (marshmallows, gumdrops, jelly, sherbet, gelatin-based desserts) produced by five countries were analyzed to identify the component species by polymerase chain reaction, cloning and sequencing of 16S rRNA and ribulose -1,5-diphosphate carboxylase oxygenase genes, and the species determined from BLAST comparison with universal databases and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS Positive DNA extraction and amplification of the target genes were obtained for 94% of candies assayed, even those containing as little as <0.0005 ng µL(-1) DNA concentration. The results demonstrated that the species detected from DNA were compatible with the information provided on candy labels only in a few products. DNA traces of undeclared species, including fish, were found in most samples, and two products were labeled as vegetarian but contained porcine DNA. CONCLUSION Based on the inaccuracy found on the labels of sweets we recommend the use of DNA tests for quality control of these popular sweets. DNA tests have been useful in this field but next-generation sequencing methods could be more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Muñoz-Colmenero
- Laboratory of Genetics of natural resources, Area of Genetics, Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | | | - Agustín Roca
- Laboratory of Genetics of natural resources, Area of Genetics, Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Eva García-Vázquez
- Laboratory of Genetics of natural resources, Area of Genetics, Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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87
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Effects of buffer additives and thermal processing methods on the solubility of shrimp (Penaeus monodon) proteins and the immunoreactivity of its major allergen. Food Chem 2016; 200:146-53. [PMID: 26830572 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the potential of two buffer additives (Tween 20 and DTT) to improve the solubility of proteins from shrimp subjected to different heat treatments and the allergenicity of tropomyosin in the extracts. The concentration of soluble proteins extracted by all the buffers from processed shrimp was significantly reduced compared with untreated samples. The concentration of total soluble proteins from heat treated shrimp increased significantly when phosphate buffer containing both surfactant and reducing agent was used as the extraction buffer. However, the concentrations of heat-stable proteins in the buffers were mostly similar. The electrophoretic profile of extracted proteins showed that tropomyosin is very stable under the different heat treatment methods used in this study except for high pressure steaming where the intensity of tropomyosin band was reduced. Competitive inhibition ELISA showed that high pressure steaming reduced the allergenicity of tropomyosin compared with other heat treatments methods.
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88
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Eischeid AC. Development and evaluation of a real-time PCR assay for detection of lobster, a crustacean shellfish allergen. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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89
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Costa J, Melo VS, Santos CG, Oliveira MBP, Mafra I. Tracing tree nut allergens in chocolate: A comparison of DNA extraction protocols. Food Chem 2015; 187:469-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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90
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Foegeding EA. Food Protein Functionality-A New Model. J Food Sci 2015; 80:C2670-7. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Allen Foegeding
- Dept. of Food; Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences; North Carolina State Univ; P.O. Box 7624 Raleigh N.C. 27695-7624 U.S.A
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91
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DunnGalvin A, Chan CH, Crevel R, Grimshaw K, Poms R, Schnadt S, Taylor SL, Turner P, Allen KJ, Austin M, Baka A, Baumert JL, Baumgartner S, Beyer K, Bucchini L, Fernández-Rivas M, Grinter K, Houben GF, Hourihane J, Kenna F, Kruizinga AG, Lack G, Madsen CB, Clare Mills EN, Papadopoulos NG, Alldrick A, Regent L, Sherlock R, Wal JM, Roberts G. Precautionary allergen labelling: perspectives from key stakeholder groups. Allergy 2015; 70:1039-51. [PMID: 25808296 DOI: 10.1111/all.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Precautionary allergen labelling (PAL) was introduced by the food industry to help manage and communicate the possibility of reaction from the unintended presence of allergens in foods. However, in its current form, PAL is counterproductive for consumers with food allergies. This review aims to summarize the perspectives of all the key stakeholders (including clinicians, patients, food industry and regulators), with the aim of defining common health protection and risk minimization goals. The lack of agreed reference doses has resulted in inconsistent application of PAL by the food industry and in levels of contamination that prompt withdrawal action by enforcement officers. So there is a poor relationship between the presence or absence of PAL and actual reaction risk. This has led to a loss of trust in PAL, reducing the ability of consumers with food allergies to make informed choices. The result has been reduced avoidance, reduced quality of life and increased risk-taking by consumers who often ignore PAL. All contributing stakeholders agree that PAL must reflect actual risk. PAL should be transparent and consistent with rules underpinning decision-making process being communicated clearly to all stakeholders. The use of PAL should indicate the possible, unintended presence of an allergen in a consumed portion of a food product at or above any proposed action level. This will require combined work by all stakeholders to ensure everyone understands the approach and its limitations. Consumers with food allergy then need to be educated to undertake individualized risk assessments in relation to any PAL present.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. DunnGalvin
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health; School of Applied Psychology; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - C.-H. Chan
- Food Allergy Branch; Food Standards Agency; Bedford UK
| | - R. Crevel
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre; Unilever; Colworth Science Park Sharnbrook Bedford UK
| | - K. Grimshaw
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit; University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine; Southampton UK
| | | | - S. Schnadt
- German Allergy and Asthma Association (Deutscher Allergie- und Asthmabund (DAAB)); Mönchengladbach Germany
| | - S. L. Taylor
- Food Allergy Research & Resource Program; University of Nebraska; Lincoln NE USA
| | - P. Turner
- Section of Paediatrics (Allergy and Infectious Diseases); MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - K. J. Allen
- Centre of Food and Allergy Research; Murdoch Children's Research Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - M. Austin
- Anaphylaxis Campaign; Farnborough UK
| | - A. Baka
- ILSI Europe; Brussels Belgium
| | - J. L. Baumert
- Food Allergy Research & Resource Program; University of Nebraska; Lincoln NE USA
| | - S. Baumgartner
- Center for Analytical Chemistry; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Vienna Austria
| | - K. Beyer
- Department of Paediatric Pneumology & Immunology; Charité University Medical Centre; Berlin Germany
| | | | | | - K. Grinter
- Allergen Bureau & Nestle; Rhodes New South Wales Australia
| | | | - J. Hourihane
- Paediatrics and Child Health; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - F. Kenna
- Anaphylaxis Ireland; Cork Ireland
| | | | - G. Lack
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology; King's College London; MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma; Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - C. B. Madsen
- National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Søborg Denmark
| | - E. N. Clare Mills
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - N. G. Papadopoulos
- Centre for Pediatrics and Child Health; Institute of Human Development; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- Allergy Department; 2nd Pediatric Clinic; University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | | | - L. Regent
- Anaphylaxis Campaign; Farnborough UK
| | - R. Sherlock
- Allergen Bureau & DTS Facta; Hobart Australia
| | | | - G. Roberts
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit; University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine; Southampton UK
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre; St Mary's Hospital; Isle of Wight
- NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
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92
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93
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Impact of irradiation and thermal processing on the immunochemical detection of milk and egg allergens in foods. Food Res Int 2015; 74:275-283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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94
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de la Cruz S, Cubillos-Zapata C, López-Calleja IM, Ghosh S, Alcocer M, González I, Martín R, García T. Isolation of recombinant antibody fragments (scFv) by phage display technology for detection of almond allergens in food products. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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95
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Sealey-Voyksner J, Zweigenbaum J, Voyksner R. Discovery of highly conserved unique peanut and tree nut peptides by LC-MS/MS for multi-allergen detection. Food Chem 2015; 194:201-11. [PMID: 26471545 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proteins unique to peanuts and various tree nuts have been extracted, subjected to trypsin digestion and analysis by liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, in order to find highly conserved peptides that can be used as markers to detect peanuts and tree nuts in food. The marker peptide sequences chosen were those found to be present in both native (unroasted) and thermally processed (roasted) forms of peanuts and tree nuts. Each peptide was selected by assuring its presence in food that was processed or unprocessed, its abundance for sensitivity, sequence size, and uniqueness for peanut and each specific variety of tree nut. At least two peptides were selected to represent peanut, almond, pecan, cashew, walnut, hazelnut, pine nut, Brazil nut, macadamia nut, pistachio nut, chestnut and coconut; to determine the presence of trace levels of peanut and tree nuts in food by a novel multiplexed LC-MS method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerry Zweigenbaum
- Agilent Technologies, Inc., 2850 Centerville Road, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Robert Voyksner
- LCMS Limited, 1502 West Hwy NC-54, Suite 504, Durham, NC, USA.
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96
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Two-Site Antibody Immunoanalytical Detection of Food Allergens by Surface Plasmon Resonance. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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97
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López-Calleja IM, de la Cruz S, González I, García T, Martín R. Development of real-time PCR assays to detect cashew (Anacardium occidentale) and macadamia (Macadamia intergrifolia) residues in market analysis of processed food products. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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98
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Fernandes TJR, Costa J, Oliveira MBPP, Mafra I. An overview on fish and shellfish allergens and current methods of detection. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2015.1039497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Telmo J. R. Fernandes
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Fernandes, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Fernandes, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Fernandes, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Fernandes, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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99
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Geng T, Liu K, Frazier R, Shi L, Bell E, Glenn K, Ward JM. Development of a Sandwich ELISA for Quantification of Gly m 4, a Soybean Allergen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:4947-53. [PMID: 25946567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Gly m 4 is a key soybean allergen that causes allergic symptoms in the skin, gastrointestinal tract, or respiratory tract of sensitive individuals. To understand naturally variable levels of Gly m 4 among conventional soybean varieties, a sandwich ELISA was developed and validated using a mouse anti-Gly m 4 monoclonal antibody and a goat anti-Gly m 4 polyclonal antibody as capture and detection antibodies, respectively. The ELISA shows high specificity to Gly m 4 without any cross-reactivity to other soybean proteins and has a quantification range of 7.8-250 ng/mL using an Escherichia coli-produced recombinant Gly m 4, with 2.1 ng/mL being the limit of detection. Within the quantification range, the coefficients of variation of the intra-assay and interassay precision are less than 5 and 12%, respectively. Moreover, extraction efficiency and dilutional parallelism experiments were completed to demonstrate the assay is accurate. The validated assay was used to quantify Gly m 4 levels in 128 soybean samples from 24 conventional soybean varieties grown at 8 distinct geographical locations. There was a 13-fold difference between the least and greatest amounts of Gly m 4 concentrations among the samples, and the results demonstrate that the most significant sources of variability in Gly m 4 levels in the conventional varieties were related to location and variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Geng
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63167, United States
| | - Kang Liu
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63167, United States
| | - Ronald Frazier
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63167, United States
| | - Lifang Shi
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63167, United States
| | - Erin Bell
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63167, United States
| | - Kevin Glenn
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63167, United States
| | - Jason M Ward
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63167, United States
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100
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Simultaneous detection of peanut and hazelnut allergens in food matrices using multiplex PCR method. ACTA VET BRNO 2015. [DOI: 10.2754/avb201483s10s77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiplex PCR analysis for the detection of two targeting segments of genes coding major food protein allergens as peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Ara h 1 gene and hazelnut (Corylus avellana) Cor a 1 gene was developed. Two sets of primers were designed and tested to their specificity on a broad range of ingredients. The identity of amplicons (Ara h 1- 180 bp, Cor a 1 – 258 bp) by sequencing and alignment of sequences with sequences deposited in Genbank was confirmed. When testing the specificity of designed primer pairs on a spectrum of food ingredients, no cross reactions were detected. A potential inhibition of PCR reaction was eliminated using the universal plant primers of chloroplast gene 124 bp for the plant matrices confirmation. The intrinsic detection limit was 10 pg·ml-1 and the practical detection limit was 0.001% w/w (10 mg·kg-1) for both peanuts and hazelnuts. The method was applied to the investigation of 60 commercial food samples. The developed multiplex PCR method is cheap, specific and sensitive enough and can be used as a simple, one day procedure for the checking of undeclared peanut and hazelnut major allergens in food.
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