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Kawada K, Ishida T, Jobu K, Morisawa S, Nishida M, Tamura N, Yoshioka S, Miyamura M. Glycyrrhizae Radix suppresses lipopolysaccharide- and diazepam-induced nerve inflammation in the hippocampus, and contracts the duration of pentobarbital- induced loss of righting reflex in a mouse model. J Nat Med 2023; 77:561-571. [PMID: 37115471 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01700-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Nerve inflammation is linked to the development of various neurological disorders. This study aimed to examine whether Glycyrrhizae Radix effectively influences the duration of the pentobarbital-induced loss of righting reflex, which may increase in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nerve inflammation and diazepam-induced γ-aminobutyric acid receptor hypersensitivity. Furthermore, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix extract on LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells, in vitro. Treatment with Glycyrrhizae Radix significantly decreased the duration of pentobarbital-induced loss of righting reflex in the mouse model. Furthermore, treatment with Glycyrrhizae Radix significantly attenuated the LPS-induced increases in interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha at the mRNA level, and it significantly reduced the number of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus 24 h after LPS treatment. Treatment with Glycyrrhizae Radix also suppressed the release of nitric oxide, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor protein in culture supernatants of LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. In addition, glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin, active ingredients of Glycyrrhizae Radix extract, reduced the duration of pentobarbital-induced loss of righting reflex. These findings suggest that Glycyrrhizae Radix, as well as its active ingredients, glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin, may be effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of nerve inflammation-induced neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kawada
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan.
| | - Tomoaki Ishida
- Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Kohei Jobu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Shumpei Morisawa
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Motoki Nishida
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Naohisa Tamura
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Saburo Yoshioka
- Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Miyamura
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital, 185-1 Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
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Li Y, Jiang D, Liu XY, Li M, Tang YF, Mi J, Ren GX, Liu CS. Multi-Omics Analysis Provides Crucial Insights into the Drought Adaptation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5391-5402. [PMID: 36971245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought adaptation of plants is closely related to resistance and tolerance to drought stress as well as the ability to recover after the elimination of the stress. Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is a commonly applied herb whose growth and development are greatly affected by drought. Here, we provide the first comprehensive analysis of the transcriptomic, epigenetic, and metabolic responses of G. uralensis to drought stress and rewatering. The hyper-/hypomethylation of genes may lead to up-/downregulated gene expression, and epigenetic changes can be regarded as an important regulatory mechanism of G. uralensis under drought stress and rewatering. Moreover, integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed that genes and metabolites involved in pathways of antioxidation, osmoregulation, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis may regulate the drought adaptation of G. uralensis. This work provides crucial insights into the drought adaptation of G. uralensis and offers epigenetic resources for cultivating G. uralensis with high drought adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Dan Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xin-Yu Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yi-Fei Tang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jiu Mi
- University of Tibetan Medicine, Tibet 850000, China
| | - Guang-Xi Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
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Luo W, Xu G, Song Z, Mu W, Wen J, Hui S, Zhao J, Zhan X, Bai Z, Xiao X. Licorice extract inhibits the cGAS-STING pathway and protects against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1160445. [PMID: 37081966 PMCID: PMC10111149 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1160445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammation and fibrosis are typical symptoms of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway has been implicated in the progression of NASH, and targeting this pathway may represent a new therapeutic strategy. Licorice is a widely used herb with anti-inflammatory and liver-protective properties. In this study, we assessed the effect of licorice extract on the cGAS-STING pathway.Methods: Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were treated with licorice extract and then stimulated with HT-DNA, 2'3'-cGAMP, or other agonists to activate the cGAS-STING pathway. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were conducted to analyze whether licorice extract could affect the cGAS-STING pathway. Methionine and choline-deficient diet (MCD) was used to induce NASH in mice, which were treated with licorice extract (500 mg/kg) by gavage and/or c-176 (15 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection every 2 days. After 6 weeks of treatment, histological analysis of liver tissue was performed, along with measurements of plasma biochemical parameters.Results: Licorice extract inhibits cGAS-STING pathway activation. Mechanistically, it might function by inhibiting the oligomerization of STING. Treatment with licorice extract reduced inflammation and fibrosis in MCD diet-induced NASH mice models. Furthermore, we found that the therapeutic effect of combination treatment with licorice extract and C-176 (STING inhibitor) on the pathology and fibrosis of MCD diet-induced NASH models was similar to that of licorice extract or C-176 administered alone.Conclusion: Licorice extract can inhibit the cGAS-STING pathway and improve hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in NASH mice models. It strongly suggests that licorice extract may be a candidate therapeutic for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Xu
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guang Xu, ; Xiaoyan Zhan, ; Zhaofang Bai, ; Xiaohe Xiao,
| | - Zheng Song
- Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqing Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jincai Wen
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siwen Hui
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhan
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guang Xu, ; Xiaoyan Zhan, ; Zhaofang Bai, ; Xiaohe Xiao,
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guang Xu, ; Xiaoyan Zhan, ; Zhaofang Bai, ; Xiaohe Xiao,
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guang Xu, ; Xiaoyan Zhan, ; Zhaofang Bai, ; Xiaohe Xiao,
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Huang S, Zhang W, Hong Z, Yuan Y, Tan Z, Wang Y, Chen Z, Zheng J, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Chen M. Geographic distribution and impacts of climate change on the suitable habitats of Glycyrrhiza species in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:55625-55634. [PMID: 36897456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26232-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has a major impact on the growth and distribution of plants. Glycyrrhiza is widely used in the treatment of many diseases in China. However, with the overexploitation and the growing demand for medicinal uses in of Glycyrrhiza plants. The investigation of the geographical distribution of Glycyrrhiza plants and the analysis of future climate change are of great significance for the conservation of Glycyrrhiza. In this study, combined with administrative maps of Chinese provinces, the present and future of geographical distribution and richness of six Glycyrrhiza plants in China were studied by using DIVA-GIS and MaxEnt software. A total of 981 herbarium records of these six species of Glycyrrhiza were collected to research. Results show that the change of climate in the future will lead to an increase in habitat suitability for some Glycyrrhiza species as follows: Glycyrrhiza inflata by 61.6%, Glycyrrhiza squamulosa by 47.5%, Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora by 34.0%, Glycyrrhiza yunnanensis by 49.0%, Glycyrrhiza glabra by 51.7%, and Glycyrrhiza aspera by 65.9%. Glycyrrhiza plants have considerable medicinal and economic value, so it is necessary to adopt targeted development and rational management strategies for it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhengyi Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanghe Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zekai Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiahui Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Min Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Medicine Food Homology Engineering Center of Guangdong Province, Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Babu V, Kapkoti DS, Binwal M, Bhakuni RS, Shanker K, Singh M, Tandon S, Mugale MN, Kumar N, Bawankule DU. Liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin rich extract of glycyrrhiza glabra roots attenuates inflammation in macrophages and collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:983-996. [PMID: 36947299 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01152-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Liquiritigenin (LTG) and its bioprecursor isoliquiritigenin(ISL), the main bioactives from roots of Glycyrrhiza genus are progressively documented as a potential pharmacological agent for the management of chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological potential of liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin rich extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra roots (IVT-21) against the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines from activated macrophages as well as further validated the efficacy in collagen-induced arthritis model in rats. We also performed the safety profile of IVT-21 using standard in-vitro and in-vivo assays. Results of this study revealed that the treatment of IVT-21 and its major bioactives (LTG, ISL) was able to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) in LPS-activated primary peritoneal macrophages in a dose-dependent manner compared with vehicle-alone treated cells without any cytotoxic effect on macrophages. In-vivo efficacy profile against collagen-induced arthritis in Rats revealed that oral administration of IVT-21 significantly reduced the arthritis index, arthritis score, inflammatory mediators level in serum. IVT-21 oral treatment is also able to reduce the NFкB-p65 expression as evidence of immunohistochemistry in knee joint tissue and mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in paw tissue in a dose-dependent manner when compared with vehicle treated rats. Acute oral toxicity profile of IVT-21 demonstrated that it is safe up to 2000 mg/kg body weight in experimental mice. This result suggests the suitability of IVT-21 for further study in the management of arthritis and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Babu
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Post Office-CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - Deepak Singh Kapkoti
- Phytochemistry Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Monika Binwal
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Post Office-CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra S Bhakuni
- Phytochemistry Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR), Lucknow, 226015, India.
| | - Karuna Shanker
- Phytochemistry Division, Analytical Chemistry Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Manju Singh
- Phytochemistry Division, Analytical Chemistry Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sudeep Tandon
- Process Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), PO CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Madhav N Mugale
- Department of Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Botany and Pharmacognosy, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Post Office-CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Saponins of Selected Triterpenoids as Potential Therapeutic Agents: A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030386. [PMID: 36986485 PMCID: PMC10055990 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Saponins represent important natural derivatives of plant triterpenoids that are secondary plant metabolites. Saponins, also named glycoconjugates, are available both as natural and synthetic products. This review is focused on saponins of the oleanane, ursane, and lupane types of triterpenoids that include several plant triterpenoids displaying various important pharmacological effects. Additional convenient structural modifications of naturally-occurring plant products often result in enhancing the pharmacological effects of the parent natural structures. This is an important objective for all semisynthetic modifications of the reviewed plant products, and it is included in this review paper as well. The period covered by this review (2019–2022) is relatively short, mainly due to the existence of previously published review papers in recent years.
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Fiorini G, Saracino IM, Pavoni M, Nipote B, Colucci R, Capone P, Sannino A, Forte F, DE Vergori E, Brancaccio M, Cesareo M, Casella G, Morreale GC, Bonfrate L, Portincasa P, Vincenzi M, Cottone C, Ormando VM, Scalise N, Lawson PF, Burattini O, Montale A, Luzza F, Rossi M, Vanni R, Bozzi R, Vincoli G, Stefani N, Borghi C, Vaira D. Efficacy of a new nutraceutical formulation: L-tryptophan, probiotics, charcoal, chamomile, mint, and licorice (COLONIR®) in the improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms in subjects with irritable bowel syndrome. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2023; 69:123-127. [PMID: 36856276 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.22.03282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders. IBS is characterized by recurrent chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habits in the absence of organic damage. Although there are reviews and guidelines for treating IBS, the complexity and diversity of IBS presentation make treatment difficult. Treatment of IBS focuses on relieving symptoms as mild signs and symptoms can often be controlled by managing stress and by making changes in diet and lifestyle. The use of nutraceutical compounds has been advocated as a possible alternative treatment in patients with IBS. COLONIR® (Omega Pharma Srl, Milan, Italy) may be an alternative or adjuvant treatment in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of this new nutraceutical formulation in inducing symptoms remission and improve gastrointestinal habits. METHODS An initial cohort of 1004 consecutive patients referred to 25 different Units of Internal Medicine a/o Gastroenterology in Italy to perform colonoscopy for intestinal symptoms was asked to participate. Patients were treated for 2 months with three doses of nutraceuticals/day after meals namely COLONIR®. Patients were assessed at baseline and after 2 months to evaluate the frequency and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in the past seven days with a questionnaire based on ROMA IV criteria. RESULTS After 2 months, 899 patients completed the follow-up. COLONIR® achieved a statistically significant reduction of severity of symptoms in the study population without any documented side effects. CONCLUSIONS These promising results, here reported, need to be confirmed, valuating the efficacy of COLONIR® in relieving gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS patients in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilaria M Saracino
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Pavoni
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Bruno Nipote
- Unit of Surgery, Lagonegro Hospital, AOR S. Carlo, Potenza, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Capone
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Maresca Hospital, Torre del Greco, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Sannino
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Santa Maria della Pietà Hospital, Nola, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Forte
- UOSD of Interventional Gastroenterology, Madonna delle Grazie Hospital, Matera, Italy
| | - Emiliano DE Vergori
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, G.B. Morgagni - L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Forlì-Cesena, Italy
| | - Mario Brancaccio
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cesareo
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Tirrenia Hospital, Belvedere Marittimo, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Giovanni Casella
- Private Practitioner in General Medicine - Gastroenterology, Monza, Monza-Brianza, Italy
| | - Gaetano C Morreale
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Ospedali Riuniti S. Elia/Raimondi, Caltanissetta, Italy
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Vincenzi
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, S. Pier Damiano Hospital, Faenza, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Carmelo Cottone
- Private Practitioner in General Medicine - Gastroenterology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vittorio M Ormando
- Unit of Gastroenterology, San Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, Avellino, Italy
| | - Natale Scalise
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, ANMI Rossano Center, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Paulin F Lawson
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Beato Matteo Clinical Institute, Vigevano, Pavia, Italy
| | - Osvaldo Burattini
- Unit of Gastroenterology II, IRCCS Saverio De Bellis, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Amedeo Montale
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Luzza
- Unit of Pathophysiology of the Digestive System, Mater Domini Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mauro Rossi
- Unit of Surgical Digestive Endoscopy, Civil Hospital of Avezzano, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vanni
- Section of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Michele e Pietro Ferrero Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Bozzi
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, ASL Benevento, Benevento, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Vincoli
- U.O.S.D Gastroenterology, San Camillo de Lellis Civil Hospital, Rieti, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Stefani
- Section of Gastroenterology, A.S.U. Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dino Vaira
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy -
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58
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Sun M, Xin Q, Hou K, Qiu J, Wang L, Chao E, Su X, Zhang X, Chen S, Wang C. Production of 11-Oxo-β-Amyrin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae at High Efficiency by Fine-Tuning the Expression Ratio of CYP450:CPR. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3766-3776. [PMID: 36795896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The production of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and 11-oxo-β-amyrin, the major bioactive components in liquorice, was typically inhibited by P450 oxidation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This study focused on optimizing CYP88D6 oxidation by balancing its expression with cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CPR) for the efficient production of 11-oxo-β-amyrin in yeast. Results indicated that a high CPR:CYP88D6 expression ratio could decrease both 11-oxo-β-amyrin concentration and turnover ratio of β-amyrin to 11-oxo-β-amyrin, whereas a high CYP88D6:CPR expression ratio is beneficial for improving the catalytic activity of CYP88D6 and 11-oxo-β-amyrin production. Under such a scenario, 91.2% of β-amyrin was converted into 11-oxo-β-amyrin in the resulting S. cerevisiae Y321, and 11-oxo-β-amyrin production was further improved to 810.6 mg/L in fed-batch fermentation. Our study provides new insights into the expression of cytochrome P450 and CPR in maximizing the catalytic activity of P450s, which could guide the construction of cell factories in producing natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchu Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Qi Xin
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Kangxin Hou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
- Department of Food Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forestry Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jie Qiu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Linmei Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Erkun Chao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Xinyao Su
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301607, P. R. China
| | - Xiuxin Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Shilin Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
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Ashagrie G, Abebe A, Umer S. Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of Ehretia cymosa Thonn ( Boraginaceae) Leaves in Rodents. J Exp Pharmacol 2023; 15:63-79. [PMID: 36864852 PMCID: PMC9970881 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s396769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ethnobotanical studies in various districts of Ethiopia reported that Ehretia cymosa (E. cymosa) is used for the management of headache, abdominal pain, arthritis and rheumatism. However, there is no scientific investigation done so far to confirm these traditional claims. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the 80% methanol extract and fractions of E. cymosa leaves. Methods The dried and pulverized leaves of E. cymosa were soaked with 80% methanol to obtain a crude extract. Fractionation was done using chloroform, ethyl acetate and water by a soxhlet apparatus. The analgesic effects of the crude extract and solvent fractions were assessed using acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate tests whereas anti-inflammatory activities were investigated using carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton-pellet-induced granuloma models. Results In all the tested doses, the 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions revealed substantial (p < 0.001) analgesic activities in acetic acid induced writhing test. In the hot plate method, all the tested doses of E. cymosa crude extract and the solvent fractions produced significant analgesic activities (p < 0.05). In the carrageenan-induced acute inflammation model, all tested doses of the crude extract and solvent fractions resulted in a significant decline in paw edema. The 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of E. cymosa at all the tested doses significantly reduced inflammatory exudates and granuloma mass formations (p < 0.001). Conclusion From the results of this investigation, it can be stated that 80% methanol extract, aqueous, ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions of E. cymosa exhibited considerable analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, supporting the plant's traditional use as a remedy for a variety of painful and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Ashagrie
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia,Correspondence: Getachew Ashagrie, Tel +251927368467, Email
| | - Abiy Abebe
- Biomedical Research Team, Traditional and Modern Medicine Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Shemsu Umer
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Guo P, Jin L, Zhou H, Bao Y, Yang J, Chen J, He Y, Yu D, Wan H. Glycyrrhetinic acid protects against Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-induced lung epithelial cells injury by regulating inflammation and oxidative stress. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 24:5. [PMID: 36717837 PMCID: PMC9887834 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-023-00648-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a bio-effective component of Licorice. The GA is a monomer and the ingredient is an Oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenes that has been used as a remedy for years. Due to the abuse of antibiotics, people pay attention to the emergence of Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB). As a conditional pathogen, MDR-AB causes severe infection, endangering human lives. Our previous studies found GA played an important role in Yinhua Pinggan, a Chinese medicine. However, whether GA could protect lung epithelium from MDR-AB-induced cell injury was elusive. Herein, we investigated the effects of GA on MDR-AB-infected A549 cells. The results showed GA had slightly antibacterial activity to MDR-AB in the GA (high concentration) but no impact on drug resistance genes. Notwithstanding, GA could reverse MDR-AB-induced cell apoptosis, hampered adhesion and invasion of MDR-AB to cells, and inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF. Besides, MDR-AB-induced reactive oxygen species, pro-oxidative protein malonaldehyde, and myeloperoxidase of cells were decreased by GA, while antioxidative proteins were recovered, showing antioxidative capacity of GA might play a critical role. The expressions of toll-like receptor (TLRs) - 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 9 were increased by MDR-AB infection, while GA reversed the tendency. Interestingly, GA inhibited MDR-AB induced myeloiddifferentiationfactor88 expression (MYD88), one downstream con-factors of TLRs, but no affection on Interferon regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3), the other one, indicating GA inhibited MDR-AB induced cell injury by impact TLR/MYD88 pathway to attenuate inflammation. Altogether, our results demonstrated that GA protects against MDR-AB-induced cell injury through its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, which deserve further study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piaoyi Guo
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053 PR China
| | - Liang Jin
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053 PR China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053 PR China
| | - Yida Bao
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053 PR China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053 PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053 PR China
| | - Yu He
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053 PR China
| | - Daojun Yu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XAffiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003 PR China
| | - Haitong Wan
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053 PR China
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Ham Y, Kim TJ. Synergistic inhibitory activity of Glycyrrhizae Radix and Rubi Fructus extracts on biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:22. [PMID: 36709283 PMCID: PMC9883881 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus mutans is a bacterium that causes oral diseases. Plaque, a biofilm produced by S. mutans and other bacteria, makes it difficult to remove cariogenic oral microorganisms, including biofilm producers. Glucan synthesis by glucosyltransferase is one of the mechanisms underlying plaque formation. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of inhibiting biofilm formation by interfering with the glucosyltransferase activity of S. mutans using edible herbal medicines. METHODS This study investigated the inhibitory activity of Glycyrrhizae Radix extract, Rubi Fructus extract, glycyrrhizin from Glycyrrhizae Radix, and ellagic acid from Rubi Fructus against glucosyltransferase activity of S. mutans. Enzyme kinetic analysis identified the mechanism by which glycyrrhizin and ellagic acid inhibit enzyme activity. RESULTS The conditions for synergistically inhibiting biofilm formation by combining Glycyrrhizae Radix and Rubi Fructus extracts were identified. Biofilm formation was also synergistically inhibited by mixing their respective active constituents, glycyrrhizin and ellagic acid. Glycyrrhizin and ellagic acid inhibited glucosyltransferase via noncompetitive and uncompetitive mechanisms, respectively, indicating that they inhibit it via distinct mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS This study presents an effective oral hygiene method using the synergistic activity of two natural plant extracts to inhibit biofilm formation through different inhibitory mechanisms against glucosyltransferase of S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngseok Ham
- grid.91443.3b0000 0001 0788 9816Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02707 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jong Kim
- grid.91443.3b0000 0001 0788 9816Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02707 Republic of Korea
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Jiang X, Zhou J, Yu Z, Gu X, Lu Y, Ruan Y, Wang T. Exploration of Fuzheng Yugan Mixture on COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32693. [PMID: 36701702 PMCID: PMC9857359 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
After the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as a global pandemic, global health workers have been facing an unprecedented and severe challenge. Currently, a mixturetion to inhibit the exacerbation of pulmonary inflammation caused by COVID-19, Fuzheng Yugan Mixture (FZYGM), has been approved for medical institution mixturetion notification. However, the mechanism of FZYGM remains poorly defined. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular and related physiological pathways of FZYGM as a potential therapeutic agent for COVID-19. Active molecules of FZYGM were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), while potential target genes of COVID-19 were identified by DrugBank and GeneCards. Compound-target networks and protein-protein interactions (PPI) were established by Cytoscape_v3.8.2 and String databases, respectively. The gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed. Finally, a more in-depth study was performed using molecular docking. Our study identified 7 active compounds and 3 corresponding core targets. The main potentially acting signaling pathways include the interleukin (IL)-17 signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Th17 cell differentiation, and coronavirus disease-COVID-19. This study shows that FZYGM can exhibit anti-COVID-19 effects through multiple targets and pathways. Therefore, FZYGM can be considered a drug candidate for the treatment of COVID-19, and it provides good theoretical support for subsequent experiments and clinical applications of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Medicinal Resources Research, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongming Yu
- Central Preparation Room, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueya Gu
- Central Preparation Room, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Ruan
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyue Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- * Correspondence: Tianyue Wang, The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China (e-mail: )
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Ge S, Ren H, Guo Q, Wang X, Liu Y, Lin B, Huang K. Wuweixiaoduyin regulates TAZ-mediated immunoregulatory properties of Treg/TH17 cells in chronic osteomyelitis. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-20. [PMID: 36641597 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2166706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Wuwei xiaoduyin (WWXDY) is a prescription for Chronic osteomyelitis (COM) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, its specific mechanism remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of WWXDY in COM treatment. To clarify the potential role of TAZ in the treatment of COM by WWXDY via regulatory CD4+ T cells differentiation. The expressions of TAZ, RORγt and Foxp3 were determined by Quantitative Real-time PCR and Western blot. Besides, levels of IL-21, IL-17 and IL-10 in peripheral blood were detected by using ELISA. Molecular dynamics simulations and docking were further utilized to explore the binding mechanism. COM resulted in abnormal cell differentiation and an imbalance of Treg/Th17. In comparison with the control group, the percentage of Treg cells, Foxp3 expression and secretion of IL-17 and -21 cytokines decreased (P < 0.001), while the proportion of Th17 cells, the levels of TAZ and RORγt and concentration of IL-10 in PBMCs increased in the COM group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the above abnormal differentiation and function of Treg/Th17 cells in COM were suppressed after treatment with WWXDY in vivo and in vitro. In addition, TEAD1 inhibited the therapeutic effect of WWXDY in terms of Treg/Th17 cells with COM. it was found that the main active ingredients were cichoric acid and isocarlinoside. WWXDY regulates immunoregulatory properties of Treg/Th17 cells in COM mainly by mediating TAZ expression. By inhibiting the chronic inflammation in COM, WWXDY is potentially used to inhibit the progression of COM into bone tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyong Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaofeng Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiyang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingyuan Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Upton R. Nomenclature: Herbal Taxonomy in the Global Commerce of Botanicals. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 122:221-260. [PMID: 37392313 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26768-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
In the world trade of medicinal plants, the naming of plants is fundamental to understanding which species are acceptable for therapeutic use. There are a variety of nomenclatural systems that are used, inclusive of common names, Latinized binomials, Galenic or pharmaceutical names, and pharmacopeial definitions. Latinized binomials are the primary system used for naming wild plants, but these alone do not adequately define medicinal plant parts. Each system has its specific applications, advantages, and disadvantages. The topic of medicinal plant nomenclature is discussed broadly by underscoring when and how varying nomenclatural systems should be used. It is emphasized that pharmacopeial definitions represent the only naming system that integrates plant identity, relevant plant parts, and the specific quality metrics to which a material must comply, thus affording the most appropriate identification method available for medicinal plant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Upton
- American Herbal Pharmacopoeia, P.O. Box 66809, Scotts Valley, CA, 95067, USA.
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65
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Xie W, Zhang C, Wang T, Wang J, Fu F. Effects of natural products on skin inflammation caused by abnormal hormones secreted by the adrenal gland. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1156271. [PMID: 37205913 PMCID: PMC10188947 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1156271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The cortex of adrenal gland produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgen. The medulla of adrenal gland secrets catecholamines. These hormones play an important role in regulating blood pressure, metabolism, and homeostasis of glucose or electrolytes. Hypersecretion or hyposecretion by the adrenal gland will cause a complex cascade of hormone effects and lead to diseases, including Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome, and congenital adrenal cortical hyperplasia. Skin is the largest organ of body. It provides protection and acts as a barrier against external damage factors like infectious organisms, chemicals, and allergens. Endocrinologic disorders often induce cutaneous abnormalities. According to the previous evidences, natural products have the potential properties for attenuating skin disorders and improving dermatologic symptoms by inhibiting inflammation through MAPK or PI3K/AKT-dependent NF-κB pathways. The natural products may also promote skin wound healing by inhibiting the production of matrix metalloproteinase-9. We systematically searched the relevant articles from databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases, to review the effects of natural products on skin disorders. This article summarized the effects of natural products on skin inflammation caused by abnormal hormone secreted by adrenal gland. And the published papers indicated that natural products might be a potential source for treating skin diseases.
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Khan M, Altamish M, Samal M, Srivastav V, Insaf A, Parveen R, Akhtar J, Krishnan A, Ahmad S. Antiviral Potential of Traditional Unani Medicine with Special Emphasis on Dengue: A Review. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1317-1334. [PMID: 38037908 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501257577231103044735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Dengue fever has become a major public health concern. It is usually related to intravascular leaking, bleeding disorders, and thrombocytopenia and is recognized as a potent threat to humans. The scarcity of anti-dengue medication or vaccine for such a serious disease leads to an upsurge in the usage of traditional medicines for its proper management. India has diverse biodiversity and a long history of using plant-based remedies. Several medicinal plant extracts have been studied for producing anti-dengue viral activity. AYUSH traditional systems provide a plethora of plants that have been reported to be useful in the treatment of fever. Single and compound plant- based formulations in natural form have been used in Unani holistic approaches. This review serves as a new approach to illustrate the most recent evidence regarding the antiviral activity of various plants by providing scientific proof and also to validate the traditional formulations as effective treatments in dengue fever for global acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzayyana Khan
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Altamish
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Monalisha Samal
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Varsha Srivastav
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Areeba Insaf
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Jamal Akhtar
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, New Delhi, 110058, India
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Yang X, Chen S, Du K, Shang Y, Fang S, Li J, Zhang H, Chang Y. Simultaneous determination of multiple components in rat plasma by UHPLC-sMRM for pharmacokinetic studies after oral administration of Qingjin Yiqi Granules. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1155973. [PMID: 37124227 PMCID: PMC10133546 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1155973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As a Traditional Chinese Medicine prescription, Qingjin Yiqi Granules (QJYQ) provides an effective treatment for patients recovering from COVID-19. However, the pharmacokinetics characteristics of the main components of QJYQ in vivo are still unknown. An efficacious ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 33 components in rat plasma after oral administration of QJYQ. The plasma samples were precipitated with 400 µL methanol/acetonitrile (1/1, v/v) and analyzed in scheduled multiple reaction monitoring mode. The linear relationship of the 33 components was good (r > 0.9928). The lower limit of quantification for 33 components ranged from 0.4-60.5 ng/mL. The average recoveries and matrix effects of the analytes ranged from 72.9% to 115.0% with RSD of 1.4%-15.0%. All inter-day and intra-day RSDs were within 15.0%. After oral administration (3.15 g/kg), the validated approach was effectively applied to the pharmacokinetics of main components of QJYQ. Finally, fifteen main constituents of QJYQ with large plasma exposure were obtained, including baicalin, wogonoside, wogonin, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide, verbenalin, isoferulic acid, hesperidin, liquiritin, harpagide, protocatechuic acid, p-Coumaric acid, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, liquiritin apioside and glycyrrhizic acid. The present research lays a foundation for clarifying the therapeutic material basis of QJYQ and provides a reference for further scientific research and clinical application of QJYQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kunze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Han Zhang, ; Yanxu Chang,
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Han Zhang, ; Yanxu Chang,
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Wang P, Xu J, Sun Q, Ge Q, Qiu M, Zou K, Ying J, Yuan W, Chen J, Zeng Q, Cui Q, Jin H, Zhang C, Li F. Chondroprotective Mechanism of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.- Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Couplet Medicines in Knee Osteoarthritis via Experimental Study and Network Pharmacology Analysis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:633-646. [PMID: 36875721 PMCID: PMC9983602 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s397185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the primary prevalent disabling joint disorder among osteoarthritis (OA), and there is no particularly effective treatment at the clinic. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbs, such as Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (E.G.) couplet medicines, have been reported to exhibit beneficial health effects on KOA, exact mechanism of E.G. nevertheless is not fully elucidated. Purpose We assess the therapeutic effects of E.G. on KOA and explore its underlying molecular mechanism. Methods UPLC-Q-TOF/MS technique was used to analyze the active chemical constituents of E.G. The destabilization of the medial meniscus model (DMM) was employed to evaluate the chondroprotective action of E.G. in KOA mice using histomorphometry, μCT, behavioral testing and immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to predict potential targets for anti-KOA activities of E.G., which was further verified through in vitro experiments. Results In vivo studies have shown that E.G. could significantly ameliorate DMM-induced KOA phenotypes including subchondral bone sclerosis, cartilage degradation, gait abnormality and thermal pain reaction sensibility. E.G. treatment could also promote extracellular matrix synthesis to protect articular chondrocytes, which was indicated by Col2 and Aggrecan expressions, as well as reducing matrix degradation by inhibiting MMP13 expression. Interestingly, network pharmacologic analysis showed that PPARG might be a therapeutic center. Further study proved that E.G.-containing serum (EGS) could up-regulate PPARG mRNA level in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Notably, significant effects of EGS on the increment of anabolic gene expressions (Col2, Aggrecan) and the decrement of catabolic gene expressions (MMP13, Adamts5) in KOA chondrocytes were abolished due to the silence of PPARG. Conclusion E.G. played a chondroprotective role in anti-KOA by inhibiting extracellular matrix degradation, which might be related to PPARG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinger Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Joint Surgery, Hangzhou Fuyang Hospital of TCM Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinwen Ge
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiao Zou
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ying
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Yuan
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghe Zeng
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Cui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongting Jin
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunchun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanzhu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Hermann S, Orlik M, Boevink P, Stein E, Scherf A, Kleeberg I, Schmitt A, Schikora A. Biocontrol of Plant Diseases Using Glycyrrhiza glabra Leaf Extract. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:3133-3144. [PMID: 35549324 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-21-2813-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing concern regarding the potential risks of pesticides and their impact on nontarget organisms stimulates the development and application of alternative, environmentally friendly products. It seems necessary to develop alternatives for conventional products and for those already widely used in organic agriculture, e.g., copper. Very importantly, such alternative products should not limit the productivity and profitability of agriculture. In this study, we examined the efficacy of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) leaf extract as such an alternative. We tested its impact on the virulence of Pseudomonas syringae toward the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the crop plant tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) as well as of Clavibacter michiganensis, Xanthomonas campestris, and Phytophthora infestans toward tomato, at multiple levels. We demonstrate that licorice leaf extract acts as a direct fungicide and bactericide. Moreover, it acts against a metalaxyl-resistant P. infestans strain. In addition, the extract from licorice leaves influences the plant immune system, modulating the plant responses to the challenge with pathogen(s); this involves both salicylic acid and ethylene-based responses. Our results show that in addition to the well-known use of licorice root extract in medicine, the leaf extract can be an effective alternative in organic and integrated farming, contributing to copper reduction and resistance management.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Orlik
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Petra Boevink
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, U.K
| | - Elke Stein
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute for Phytopathology, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andrea Scherf
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Annegret Schmitt
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Adam Schikora
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute of Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
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Cheng A, Lei S, Zhu J, Lu J, Paine MF, Xie W, Ma X. Chemical basis of pregnane X receptor activators in the herbal supplement Gancao (licorice)☆. LIVER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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71
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Tuli HS, Garg VK, Mehta JK, Kaur G, Mohapatra RK, Dhama K, Sak K, Kumar A, Varol M, Aggarwal D, Anand U, Kaur J, Gillan R, Sethi G, Bishayee A. Licorice ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)-Derived Phytochemicals Target Multiple Signaling Pathways to Confer Oncopreventive and Oncotherapeutic Effects. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:1419-1448. [PMID: 36474507 PMCID: PMC9719702 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s366630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a highly lethal disease, and its incidence has rapidly increased worldwide over the past few decades. Although chemotherapeutics and surgery are widely used in clinical settings, they are often insufficient to provide the cure for cancer patients. Hence, more effective treatment options are highly needed. Although licorice has been used as a medicinal herb since ancient times, the knowledge about molecular mechanisms behind its diverse bioactivities is still rather new. In this review article, different anticancer properties (antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, antimetastatic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects) of various bioactive constituents of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) are thoroughly described. Multiple licorice constituents have been shown to bind to and inhibit the activities of various cellular targets, including B-cell lymphoma 2, cyclin-dependent kinase 2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, mammalian target of rapamycin, nuclear factor-κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinase-3, resulting in reduced carcinogenesis in several in vitro and in vivo models with no evident toxicity. Emerging evidence is bringing forth licorice as an anticancer agent as well as bottlenecks in its potential clinical application. It is expected that overcoming toxicity-related obstacles by using novel nanotechnological methods might importantly facilitate the use of anticancer properties of licorice-derived phytochemicals in the future. Therefore, anticancer studies with licorice components must be continued. Overall, licorice could be a natural alternative to the present medication for eradicating new emergent illnesses while having just minor side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Jinit K Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ranjan K Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Mehmet Varol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jagjit Kaur
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ross Gillan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
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Puri V, Nagpal M, Singh I, Singh M, Dhingra GA, Huanbutta K, Dheer D, Sharma A, Sangnim T. A Comprehensive Review on Nutraceuticals: Therapy Support and Formulation Challenges. Nutrients 2022; 14:4637. [PMID: 36364899 PMCID: PMC9654660 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are the nourishing components (hybrid of nutrition and pharmaceuticals) that are biologically active and possess capability for maintaining optimal health and benefits. These products play a significant role in human health care and its endurance, most importantly for the future therapeutic development. Nutraceuticals have received recognition due to their nutritional benefits along with therapeutic effects and safety profile. Nutraceuticals are globally growing in the field of services such as health care promotion, disease reduction, etc. Various drug nutraceutical interactions have also been elaborated with various examples in this review. Several patents on nutraceuticals in agricultural applications and in various diseases have been stated in the last section of review, which confirms the exponential growth of nutraceuticals' market value. Nutraceuticals have been used not only for nutrition but also as a support therapy for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, such as to reduce side effects of cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Diverse novel nanoformulation approaches tend to overcome challenges involved in formulation development of nutraceuticals. Prior information on various interactions with drugs may help in preventing any deleterious effects of nutraceuticals products. Nanotechnology also leads to the generation of micronized dietary products and other nutraceutical supplements with improved health benefits. In this review article, the latest key findings (clinical studies) on nutraceuticals that show the therapeutic action of nutraceutical's bioactive molecules on various diseases have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Puri
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manju Nagpal
- College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Inderbir Singh
- College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Gitika Arora Dhingra
- NCRD’s Sterling Institute of Pharmacy, Nerul, Navi Mumbai 400706, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kampanart Huanbutta
- School of Pharmacy, Eastern Asia University, Pathum Thani 12110, Tanyaburi, Thailand
| | - Divya Dheer
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ameya Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tanikan Sangnim
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Muang, Thailand
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Wei Q, Hao X, Lau BWM, Wang S, Li Y. Baicalin regulates stem cells as a creative point in the treatment of climacteric syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:986436. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.986436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphical AbstractThis review summarizes the regulatory role of Baicalin on the diverse behaviors of distinct stem cell populations and emphasizes the potential applications of Baicalin and stem cell therapy in climacteric syndrome.
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74
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Banerjee S, Baidya SK, Adhikari N, Ghosh B, Jha T. Glycyrrhizin as a promising kryptonite against SARS-CoV-2: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical evidences. J Mol Struct 2022; 1275:134642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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75
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Sharma P, Pathak P, Tyagi V, Khan F, Shanker K, Darokar MP, Pal A. Investigation of the potential of Glycyrrhiza glabra as a bioavailability enhancer of Vitamin B12. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1038902. [PMID: 36386946 PMCID: PMC9650095 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1038902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 deficiency is prevalent among individuals globally. Inadequate consumption of B12 rich diet and low bioavailability (due to diet based/physiological factors) are linked to the deficiency of Vitamin B12 inside the body. Bioavailability enhancers augment the bioavailability of an ingested substance (drug/nutrient) thus increasing their concentration inside the body and maximizing their therapeutic benefits. In traditional medicine, Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) finds utility in the treatment of various health conditions. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the potential of ethanolic extract obtained from G. glabra roots to enhance the bioavailability of Vitamin B12. The effect of ethanolic extract of G. glabra (GgEtOH) on intestinal absorption enhancement of B12 was assessed in vitro on Caco-2 and ex-vivo everted gut sac models. The influence of extract on the pharmacokinetics of Vitamin B12 was determined in vivo in Swiss albino mice. GgEtOH significantly enhanced the permeation (Papp) of B12 by 2-5 fold in vitro (25, 50, and 100 μg/ml concentrations) and ex-vivo (250 and 500 μg/ml concentrations). The pharmacokinetic parameters of B12 such as Cmax, AUC, Tmax, etc. were also significantly elevated in vivo upon oral administration of B12 (1 mg/kg dose) in combination with GgEtOH (100 and 1,000 mg/kg dose). These preliminary findings indicate that the ethanolic extract of G. glabra is capable of enhancing the bioavailability of Vitamin B12. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate herbal extract-mediated enhancement of Vitamin B12 bioavailability through in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Bioprospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priyanka Pathak
- Bioprospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vidushi Tyagi
- Bioprospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Feroz Khan
- Computational Biology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karuna Shanker
- Analytical Chemistry, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahendra Pandurang Darokar
- Bioprospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anirban Pal
- Bioprospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Jia X, Liu Y, Wang S, Ma J, Yu J, Yue X, Zhang Y, Wang X. Screening of metabolic markers present in Oxytropis by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS and preliminary pharmacophylogenetic investigation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:958460. [PMID: 36340402 PMCID: PMC9631219 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.958460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants belonging to the Oxytropis genus, family Leguminosae, are found throughout the world, with about 80 species mainly distributed in northwest and northeast China. The plants have medicinal properties and many plants have been used as folk medicine for the treatment of colds, inflammation of carbuncle swelling, pain, and different types of bleeding. In recent years, due to the reduced availability of wild resources and increased clinical demand, additional Oxytropis species have been used in Mongolian medicine. This study explored the medicinal potential of four Oxytropis species, investigating their phylogeny, chemical components, and pharmacological activities. Oxytropis myriophylla (Pall) DC., Oxytropis hirta Bunge, and Oxytropis bicolor Bge. were found to be closely related at the taxonomic level. While previous investigations on the bioactive constituents of Oxytropis have been limited and have concentrated largely on flavonoids and saponins, the present study established a novel UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS based on metabolite profiling to comprehensively analyze the chemical composition of the four Oxytropis species and to identify marker compounds. A total of 75 compounds were identified from the four species, with 23 identified as characteristic marker components. Twenty-six marker compounds were identified in O. myriophylla from different geographical regions. Analysis of pharmacological activity showed that extracts of O. myriophylla and O. hirta had stronger anti-inflammatory activity than the extracts from the other species. The relationships between the chemical components, traditional curative uses, and pharmacological activities were analyzed to provide a preliminary documentation of the pharmacophylogenetic characteristics of the Oxytropis family as a whole. Several marker compounds, including licoricesaponin G2, licoricesaponin J2, and glycyrrhizic acid found in O. hirta were found to have effective anti-inflammatory activity, consistent with the traditional application of reducing swelling and healing wounds. This preliminary investigation into the pharmacophylogeny of the genus Oxytropis will contribute to the conservation and exploitation of the medicinal resources of this genus.
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Guan X, Jin L, Yu D, He Y, Bao Y, Zhou H, Wan H. Glycyrrhetinic acid prevents carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced cell injury by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction via Nrf-2 pathway. Microb Pathog 2022; 177:105825. [PMID: 36244594 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Due to the abuse of antibiotics, the high reoccurrence of drug-resistance strains, such as carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP), deteriorates CRKP-infected pneumonia in the clinic, suggesting it is necessary to find new alternatives. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), an active ingredient of Yinhuapinggan granule, has antioxidant & anti-inflammatory capacity. Little, however, is known about the effects of GA on CRKP-induced epithelial injury. METHODS In this research, we examined the protective effects of GA against pulmonary epithelium damage caused by CRKP infection and potential molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Our results noted GA significantly promoted cell survival and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines production, during CRKP-induced human pulmonary epithelial cell. Mechanically, GA alleviated mitochondrial-damage-induced apoptosis amid CRKP infection by inhibiting mitochondrial damage. Additionally, we found GA inhibited the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Cyto-c, the Bax, and Caspase-3 while increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Further exploration found GA could trigger Nrf-2 expression at both gene and protein levels, activating antioxidative proteins to diminish CRKP-induced oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Together, our results demonstrated that GA was a promising candidate to alleviate CRKP-infected lung injury as well as a synergist to treat CRKP infection with antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Liang Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Daojun Yu
- Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Yida Bao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Haitong Wan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China.
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Liao YF, Luo FL, Tang SS, Huang JW, Yang Y, Wang S, Jiang TY, Man Q, Liu S, Wu YY. Network analysis and experimental pharmacology study explore the protective effects of Isoliquiritigenin on 5-fluorouracil-Induced intestinal mucositis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1014160. [PMID: 36278232 PMCID: PMC9582754 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1014160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most widely used chemotherapy drugs for malignant tumors. However, intestinal mucositis caused by 5-FU is a severe dose-limiting toxic effect and even leads to treatment interruption. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is one of the main active compounds of licorice, which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine commonly used in inflammation and gastrointestinal diseases. It is speculated that ISL have protective effects on intestinal mucositis. However, no such studies have been reported. Therefore, to investigate the impact of ISL on 5-Fu-induced intestinal mucositis, a strategy based on network prediction and pharmacological experimental validation was proposed in this study. Firstly, the targets and mechanism of ISL in alleviating 5-Fu-induced gastrointestinal toxicity were predicted by network analysis. And the results were further confirmed by molecular docking. Then, a mouse model of intestinal mucositis was established by intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU (384 μmol/kg) to verify the prediction of network analysis. The network analysis results suggested that PTGS2 (Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2) and NOS2 (Nitric oxide synthase, inducible) might be the critical targets of ISL for reducing the intestinal toxicity of 5-FU. In addition, KEGG and GO enrichment analysis revealed that the HIF-1, TNF, MAPK, IL-17, PI3K-Akt, Ras, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and biological processes of the inflammatory response, apoptosis regulation, NO production and NF-kappa B transcription factor activity might be involved in the mechanism of ISL against intestinal mucositis. Subsequent animal experiments showed that ISL could reduce the weight loss, leukopenia and mucosal damage caused by 5-FU. Compared with the intestinal mucositis model, the protein expressions of PTGS2, NOS2, TNFα (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and NF-κB p65 (nuclear factor kappa-B P65) were decreased after ISL treatment. In conclusion, this study is the fist time to find that ISL can attenuate 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis in mice. Its anti-mucositis effect may be through regulating TNF/NF-κB pathway and inhibiting inflammatory mediators PTGS2 and NOS2. It will provide a potential candidate for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-fan Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Study on the Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drug in Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng-lin Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Study on the Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drug in Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shan-shan Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Study on the Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drug in Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing-wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Study on the Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drug in Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Study on the Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drug in Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tang-yu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Study on the Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drug in Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiong Man
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Study on the Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drug in Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yi-ying Wu, ; Qiong Man, ; Sha Liu,
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Study on the Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drug in Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yi-ying Wu, ; Qiong Man, ; Sha Liu,
| | - Yi-ying Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Study on the Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drug in Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yi-ying Wu, ; Qiong Man, ; Sha Liu,
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Wang X, Zhang J, Luo L, Song X, Wang P, Liu D. Comparative pharmacokinetics of 24 major bioactive components in normal and ARDS rats after oral administration of Xuanfei Baidu granules. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115472. [PMID: 35718055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xuanfei Baidu prescription, consisting of 13 Chinese medicines, was formulated by academicians Boli Zhang and Professor Qingquan Liu based on their experience in first-line clinical treatment of COVID-19. Xuanfei Baidu granules (XFBD granules) are a proprietary Chinese medicine preparation developed based on Xuanfei Baidu prescription. It is recommended for the treatment of patients with the common wet toxin and lung stagnation syndrome of COVID-19. However, the pharmacokinetic characteristics of its major bioactive components in rats under different physiological and pathological conditions are unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rapid and sensitive analytical method, ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), was developed and applied to 24 major bioactive components in normal and ARDS rats after oral administration of XFBD granules. We studied the metabolic process of XFBD granules in vivo to compare the differences in pharmacokinetic parameters between normal and model metabolic processes. RESULTS This method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic investigation of 24 major components of XFBD granules following oral administration in normal and ARDS rats. Eight components, including ephedrine and amygdalin, were more highly absorbed and had shorter Tmax values than the model group; the absorption of six components, such as rhein, decreased in ARDS rats, and there was no significant difference in the absorption of ten components, such as verbenalin and naringin, between the normal and ARDS rats. The results showed that the peak times of other analytes were very short, and 80% of these target constituents were eliminated in both normal and ARDS rats within 6 h except for liquiritigenin and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid. CONCLUSIONS In this study, a rapid and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS analytical method was developed and applied to 24 major bioactive components in normal and ARDS rats after the oral administration of XFBD granules. This will serve to form the basis for further studies on the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation of XFBD granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Lifei Luo
- Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Xinbo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Dailin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China.
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80
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Functional characterization and substrate promiscuity analysis of UDP-glucose dehydrogenases from licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis). J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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81
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Wang X, He K, Ma L, Wu L, Yang Y, Li Y. Puerarin attenuates isoproterenol‑induced myocardial hypertrophy via inhibition of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:306. [PMID: 35946454 PMCID: PMC9437969 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy (MH) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which in turn lead to arrhythmia or heart failure. Therefore, attention must be paid to formulation of therapeutic strategies for MH. Puerarin is a key bioactive ingredient isolated from Pueraria genera of plants that is beneficial for the treatment of MH. However, its molecular mechanism of action has not been fully determined. In the present study, 40 µM puerarin was demonstrated to be a safe dose for human AC16 cells using Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. The protective effects of puerarin against MH were demonstrated in AC16 cells stimulated with isoproterenol (ISO). These effects were characterized by a significant decrease in surface area of cells (assessed using fluorescence staining) and mRNA and protein expression levels of MH‑associated biomarkers, including atrial and brain natriuretic peptide, assessed using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting, as well as β‑myosin heavy chain mRNA expression levels. Mechanistically, western blotting demonstrated that puerarin inhibited activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Puerarin also significantly decreased phosphorylation of p65; this was mediated via crosstalk between the Wnt and NF‑κB signaling pathways. An inhibitor (Dickkopf‑1) and activator (IM‑12) of the Wnt signaling pathway were used to demonstrate that puerarin‑mediated effects alleviated ISO‑induced MH via the Wnt signaling pathway. The results of the present study demonstrated that puerarin pre‑treatment may be a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing ISO‑induced MH and managing MH in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Wang
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Kai He
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Ma
- College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Lan Wu
- College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, P.R. China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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82
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Tetrandrine Attenuates Podocyte Injury by Inhibiting TRPC6-Mediated RhoA/ROCK1 Pathway. Anal Cell Pathol 2022; 2022:7534181. [PMID: 36247873 PMCID: PMC9553700 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7534181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrandrine (Tet), a compound found in a traditional Chinese medicine, presents the protective effect for kidney function. Our study is aimed at clarifying the efficacy and underlying mechanism of Tet on podocyte injury. In this study, podocyte injury was induced in rats with adriamycin (ADR), and MPC5 podocytes were constructed with TRPC6 overexpression. We found that Tet treatment reduced the levels of proteinuria, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen and increased plasma albumin levels in ADR-induced rats. Tet reduced intracellular Ca2+ influx and apoptosis in MPC5 podocytes overexpressing TRPC6. Tet downregulated the expression of renal TRPC6, RhoA, and ROCK1 and upregulated the expression of synaptopodin; meanwhile, it reduced calcineurin activity in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, Tet protects against podocyte by affecting TRPC6 and its downstream RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway.
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83
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Li C, Cui Z, Deng S, Chen P, Li X, Yang H. The potential of plant extracts in cell therapy. STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY 2022; 13:472. [PMID: 36104798 PMCID: PMC9476258 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03152-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapy is the frontier technology of biotechnology innovation and the most promising method for the treatment of refractory diseases such as tumours. However, cell therapy has disadvantages, such as toxicity and poor therapeutic effects. Plant extracts are natural, widely available, and contain active small molecule ingredients that are widely used in the treatment of various diseases. By studying the effect of plant extracts on cell therapy, active plant extracts that have positive significance in cell therapy can be discovered, and certain contributions to solving the current problems of attenuation and adjuvant therapy in cell therapy can be made. Therefore, this article reviews the currently reported effects of plant extracts in stem cell therapy and immune cell therapy, especially the effects of plant extracts on the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and nerve stem cells and the potential role of plant extracts in chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy (CAR-T) and T-cell receptor modified T-cell immunotherapy (TCR-T), in the hope of encouraging further research and clinical application of plant extracts in cell therapy.
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84
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Zhou H, Dai C, Cui X, Zhang T, Che Y, Duan K, Yi L, Nguyen AD, Li N, De Souza C, Wan X, Wu Y, Li K, Liu Y, Wu Y. Immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of Glycyrrhiza uralensis polysaccharide in Lohmann Brown chickens. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:959449. [PMID: 36090181 PMCID: PMC9458957 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.959449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide extract 1 (GPS-1) is a bioactive component isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, also known as Chinese licorice. It appears to be pharmacologically active as an antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-tumor agent. GPS-1 has also been shown to buffer liver health and regulate the immune system. Moreover, GPS-1 is low cost and easy to extract. More study was needed to elucidate the biochemical pathways underlying the immunomodulatory and antioxidant benefits observed in Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide extract 1 (GPS-1). in vitro experiments on chicken lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) show that GPS-1 significantly promotes the proliferation of immune cells and is linked to lymphocytes' secretion of IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α by. DC secretion of NO, IL-2, IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12p70 was also increased significantly. Additionally, GPS-1 also displayed a significant antioxidant effect in vitro, able to scavenge DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, ABTS, and other free radicals like superoxide anions. Separately, GPS-1 was tested in vivo in combination with the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) - attenuated vaccine. 120 Lohmann Brown chickens were vaccinated, while another 30 became the unvaccinated blank control (BC) group. For three consecutive days 1 mL of GPS-1 was administered at doses of 19.53 μg/mL, 9.77 μg/mL, or 4.88 μg/mL to the ND-vaccinated birds, except for the vaccine control (VC), where n = 30 per group. In vivo results show that GPS-1 combined with Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine had the best efficacy at significantly increasing chickens' body weight and ND serum antibody titer, enhancing their secretion of IL-2 and IFN- γ, and promoting the development of immune organs. The results also indicate that GPS-1 was able increase the proliferation of in vitro immune cells and elevate their cytokine secretion, which enhances the body's immune response. GPS-1 also clearly has the potential to be used as an immune adjuvant alongside ND vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Dai
- Experimental Teaching Center of Life Science, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuejie Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyun Che
- Engineering Laboratory for National Healthcare Theories and Products of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Kun Duan
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Animal Science, Huaihua Polytechnic College, Huaihua, China
| | - Audrey D. Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Nannan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Xin Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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85
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Recent Advances Regarding the Molecular Mechanisms of Triterpenic Acids: A Review (Part II). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168896. [PMID: 36012159 PMCID: PMC9408012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triterpenic acids are a widespread class of phytocompounds which have been found to possess valuable therapeutic properties such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, lipolytic, antiviral, and antiparasitic effects. They are a subclass of triterpenes bearing a characteristic lipophilic structure that imprints unfavorable in vivo properties which subsequently limit their applications. The early investigation of the mechanism of action (MOA) of a drug candidate can provide valuable information regarding the possible side effects and drug interactions that may occur after administration. The current paper aimed to summarize the most recent (last 5 years) studies regarding the MOA of betulinic acid, boswellic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, madecassic acid, moronic acid, and pomolic acid in order to provide scientists with updated and accessible material on the topic that could contribute to the development of future studies; the paper stands as the sequel of our previously published paper regarding the MOA of triterpenic acids with therapeutic value. The recent literature published on the topic has highlighted the role of triterpenic acids in several signaling pathways including PI3/AKT/mTOR, TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B, JNK-p38, HIF-α/AMPK, and Grb2/Sos/Ras/MAPK, which trigger their various biological activities.
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86
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Lei P, Chen H, Ma J, Fang Y, Qu L, Yang Q, Peng B, Zhang X, Jin L, Sun D. Research progress on extraction technology and biomedical function of natural sugar substitutes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:952147. [PMID: 36034890 PMCID: PMC9414081 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.952147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved human material living standards have resulted in a continuous increase in the rate of obesity caused by excessive sugar intake. Consequently, the number of diabetic patients has skyrocketed, not only resulting in a global health problem but also causing huge medical pressure on the government. Limiting sugar intake is a serious problem in many countries worldwide. To this end, the market for sugar substitute products, such as artificial sweeteners and natural sugar substitutes (NSS), has begun to rapidly grow. In contrast to controversial artificial sweeteners, NSS, which are linked to health concepts, have received particular attention. This review focuses on the extraction technology and biomedical function of NSS, with a view of generating insights to improve extraction for its large-scale application. Further, we highlight research progress in the use of NSS as food for special medical purpose (FSMP) for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Lei
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haojie Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yimen Fang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linkai Qu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qinsi Yang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
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Kurumisawa T, Yagisawa T, Shinozuka Y, Kawai K. Effect of glycyrrhizin administration followed by symptom-based antimicrobial selection therapy on antimicrobial use in clinical mastitis without systemic symptoms. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:1265-1271. [PMID: 35851331 PMCID: PMC9523304 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In bovine mastitis, antimicrobial treatment is often initiated before the causative organism is identified a problem in the prudent use of antimicrobials. In this study, we aimed to reduce
the total amount of antimicrobials used in mastitis treatment by administering glycyrrhizin, an anti-inflammatory drug, instead of antimicrobials at the onset of clinical mastitis without
systemic symptoms, followed by symptom-based antimicrobial selection therapy (ST), to examine the effect of this treatment strategy on treatment outcomes and antimicrobial use. Comparisons
between cases that received antimicrobial treatment starting from the day of diagnosis (blanket antibiotic therapy [BT] group: 33 cases) and cases that received ST starting from the day
after the diagnosis (ST group: 57 cases) revealed no difference in the cure rate, milk withholding period, or recurrence rate. However, the ST group had a significantly lower amount of
antimicrobials than the BT group. Additionally, a single administration of glycyrrhizin before ST significantly relieved the udder symptoms and reduced the antimicrobial amount when compared
with cases without glycyrrhizin administration. Thus, a single administration of glycyrrhizin followed by ST can reduce the total antimicrobial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Kurumisawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University.,Azabu University Mastitis Research Center
| | - Takuya Yagisawa
- Biei Livestock Veterinary Clinic, Hokkaido Chuo Agriculture Mutual Aid Association
| | - Yasunori Shinozuka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University.,Azabu University Mastitis Research Center
| | - Kazuhiro Kawai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University.,Azabu University Mastitis Research Center
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88
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Zhou BW, Liu HM, Jia XH. The Role and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Asthma: Overview and Progress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:917256. [PMID: 35910345 PMCID: PMC9335520 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.917256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma as an individual disease has blighted human health for thousands of years and is still a vital global health challenge at present. Though getting much progress in the utilization of antibiotics, mucolytics, and especially the combination of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting β-agonists (LABA), we are confused about the management of asthmatic airway inflammation and remodeling, which directly threatens the quality of life for chronic patients. The blind addition of ICS will not benefit the remission of cough, wheeze, or sputum, but to increase the risk of side effects. Thus, it is necessary to explore an effective therapy to modulate asthmatic inflammation and airway remodeling. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has justified its anti-asthma effect in clinical practice but its underlying mechanism and specific role in asthma are still unknown. Some animal studies demonstrated that the classic formula, direct exacts, and natural compounds isolated from TCM could significantly alleviate airway structural alterations and exhibit the anti-inflammatory effects. By investigating these findings and data, we will discuss the possible pathomechanism underlined airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma and the unique role of TCM in the treatment of asthma through regulating different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-wen Zhou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hua-man Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xin-hua Jia
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-hua Jia,
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89
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Mićović T, Katanić Stanković JS, Bauer R, Nöst X, Marković Z, Milenković D, Jakovljević V, Tomović M, Bradić J, Stešević D, Stojanović D, Maksimović Z. In vitro, in vivo and in silico evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential of Hyssopus officinalis L. subsp. aristatus (Godr.) Nyman (Lamiaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115201. [PMID: 35358622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal properties of hyssop have been used in traditional medicine since ancient times, inter alia, in diseases/conditions with an inherent inflammatory process. AIM OF THE STUDY Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of hyssop herb preparations (essential oil and methanol extracts) in vivo, in vitro and in silico. MATERIALS AND METHODS For in vitro testing of essential oils and extracts of hyssop herb, the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme assays were used. In vivo anti-inflammatory potential of the extracts (at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) was assessed using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test. Molecular docking and dynamics were used for in silico testing of the inhibitory activity of chlorogenic (CA) and rosmarinic (RA) acids, as the dominant compounds in the tested methanol extracts against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. RESULTS Significant inhibitory activity was shown in the COX-2 test regarding extracts (essential oils did not exhibit any significant activity). Namely, all analyzed extracts, at a concentration of 20 μg/mL, showed a percentage of inhibition of COX-2 enzyme (54.04-63.04%), which did not indicate a statistically significant difference from the positive control of celecoxib (61.60%) at a concentration of 8.8 μM. In vivo testing showed that all methanol extracts of hyssop herb, at the highest test dose of 200 mg/kg in the third and fourth hours, after carrageenan administration, exhibited a statistically significant (p < 0.05) inhibitory effect on the increase in rat paw edema in relation to control. This activity is comparable or higher in relation to the reference substance, indomethacin, at a concentration of 8 mg/kg. The preliminary in silico results suggest that investigated compounds (RA and CA) showed better inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2 than standard non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), ibuprofen, as evident from the free binding energy (ΔGbind in kJ mol-1). The binding energies of the docked compounds to COX-1 and -2 were found to be in the range between -47.4 and -49.2 kJ mol-1. Ibuprofen, as the one NSAID, for the same receptors targets, showed remarkably higher binding energy (ΔGbind = -31.3 kJ mol-1 to COX-1, and ΔGbind = -30.9 kJ mol-1 to COX-2). CONCLUSION The results obtained not only support the traditional use of hyssop herb in inflammatory conditions in folk medicine, but also open the door to and the need for further in vivo testing of extracts in order to examine the molecular mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity in living systems and possibly develop a new anti-inflammatory drug or supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Mićović
- Institute for Medicines and Medical Devices of Montenegro, Bulevar Ivana Crnojevića 64a, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Jelena S Katanić Stanković
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Xuehong Nöst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Zoran Marković
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dejan Milenković
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljević
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia; Department of Human Pathology, First Moscow State Medical University I. M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya street 8, str. 2, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Tomović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana Bradić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Danijela Stešević
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Danilo Stojanović
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Maksimović
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Involvement of MicroRNA-27a-3p in the Licorice-Induced Alteration of Cd28 Expression in Mice. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071143. [PMID: 35885926 PMCID: PMC9317804 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Licorice has previously been shown to affect gene expression in cells; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. We analyzed the microRNA expression profile of serum from mice treated by gavage with licorice decoction, and obtained 11 differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRNAs). We also screened differentially expressed genes (DEgenes) based on RNA-Seq data, and 271 common genes were identified by intersection analysis of the predicted target genes of 11 DEmiRNAs and the DEgenes. The miRNA–gene network showed that most of the hub genes were immune-related. KEGG enrichment analysis of the 271 genes identified three significant pathways, and the 21 genes involved in these three pathways, and the 11 DEmiRNAs, were constructed into a miRNA pathway–target gene network, in which mmu-miR-27a-3p stood out. Compared to ImmPort, there were 13 immune genes within the above group of 21 genes, and three intersected with the mmu-miR-27a-3p predicted target genes, Cd28, Grap2 and Cxcl12, of which the expression of Cd28 changed most significantly. We confirmed the regulation of Cd28 by mmu-miR-27a-3p using a dual-luciferase assay, and further confirmed that overexpression of mmu-miR-27a-3p could significantly downregulate the expression of Cd28 in lymphocytes. These results indicate that mmu-miR-27a-3p could be involved in the licorice-mediated regulation of the expression of Cd28 in mice.
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Lanjekar KJ, Rathod VK. Response surface methodology for optimisation of glycyrrhizic acid extraction from Glycyrrhiza glabra in the aqueous two-phase system. Chem Ind 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2022.2085194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kavita J. Lanjekar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E), India
| | - Virendra K. Rathod
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E), India
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Wang KL, Yu YC, Chen HY, Chiang YF, Ali M, Shieh TM, Hsia SM. Recent Advances in Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice)-Containing Herbs Alleviating Radiotherapy- and Chemotherapy-Induced Adverse Reactions in Cancer Treatment. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060535. [PMID: 35736467 PMCID: PMC9227067 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. They also impose a large economic burden on patients, their families, and health insurance systems. Notably, cancers and the adverse reactions to their therapeutic options, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, dramatically affect the quality of life of afflicted patients. Therefore, developing approaches to manage chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced adverse reactions gained greater attention in recent years. Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice), a perennial plant that is one of the most frequently used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine, has been heavily investigated in relation to cancer therapy. Licorice/licorice-related regimes, used in combination with chemotherapy, may improve the adverse effects of chemotherapy. However, there is little awareness of licorice-containing herbs alleviating reactions to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, or to other induced adverse reactions in cancer treatment. We aimed to provide a descriptive review, and to emphasize the possibility that licorice-related medicines could be used as an adjuvant regimen with chemotherapy to improve quality of life (QoL) and to reduce side effects, thus, improving compliance with chemotherapy. The experimental method involved searching different databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Wang Fang database, as of May 2022, to identify any relevant studies. Despite a lack of high-quality and large-scale randomized controlled trials, we still discovered the potential benefits of licorice-containing herbs from published clinical studies. These studies find that licorice-containing herbs, and their active ingredients, reduce the adverse reactions caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and improve the QoL of patients. This comprehensive review will serve as a cornerstone to encourage more scientists to evaluate and develop effective Traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions to improve the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung 20301, Taiwan;
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-F.C.)
| | - Ying-Chun Yu
- Sex Hormonal Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40403, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Tumor Biology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40403, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-F.C.)
| | - Yi-Fen Chiang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-F.C.)
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40403, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (Y.-F.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Food and Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Medication Rules in Herbal Medicine for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Network Pharmacology and Data Mining Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2478940. [PMID: 35646138 PMCID: PMC9132671 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2478940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Although traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has good efficacy in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), especially memory improvement and safety, its substance basis and intervention mechanism are particularly complex and unknown. Therefore, based on network pharmacology and data mining, this study aims to explore the rules, active ingredients and mechanism of TCM in the treatment of MCI. Methods By searching the GeneCard, OMIM, DisGeNET and DrugBank databases, we obtained the critical targets associated with MCI. We matched the components and herbs corresponding to the important targets in the TCMSP platform. Using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, we constructed a target-component-herb network and conducted a network topology analysis to obtain the core components and herbs. Molecular docking was used to preliminarily analyze and predict the binding activities and main binding combinations of the core targets and components. Based on the analysis of the properties, flavor and meridian distribution of herbs, the rules of herbal therapy for MCI were summarized. Results Twenty-eight critical targets were obtained after the screening. Using the TCMSP platform, 492 components were obtained. After standardization, we obtained 387 herbs. Based on the target-composition-herb network analysis, the core targets were ADRB2, ADRA1B, DPP4, ACHE and ADRA1D. According to the screening, the core ingredients were beta-sitosterol, quercetin, kaempferol, stigmasterol and luteolin. The core herbs were matched to Danshen, Yanhusuo, Gancao, Gouteng and Jiangxiang. It was found that the herbs were mainly warm in nature, pungent in taste and liver and lung in meridian. The molecular docking results showed that most core components exhibited strong binding activity to the target combination regardless of the in or out of network combination. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that herbs have great potential in the treatment of MCI. This study provides a reference and basis for clinical application, experimental research and new drug development of herbal therapy for MCI.
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Ain NU, Wu S, Li X, Li D, Zhang Z. Isolation, Characterization, Pharmacology and Biopolymer Applications of Licorice Polysaccharides: Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103654. [PMID: 35629680 PMCID: PMC9147829 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Licorice is known as "Gan-Cao" in traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), belonging to the genus Glycyrrhiza (Family: Fabaceae/Leguminosae). It has a long medicinal history and wide applications in China. Polysaccharides of licorice (LPs) are one of the key bioactive components. As herbal polysaccharides attracted increasing interest in the past several decades, their extraction, isolation, structural characterization, pharmacological activities, and medicinal application have been explored extensively. It is worth heeding that the method of extraction and purification effects LPs, apart from specie and origin specificity. This review evaluates the method of extraction and purification and demonstrates its performance in gaining specific composition and its structure-activity relationship, which might lead the readers to a fresh horizon for developing advanced treatment strategies. It is recently reported that the conformation of LPs plays a vital role as biopolymers, such as selenized modification, microencapsulation, nanocomposite, liposome formulation, drug/hydrogel combinations, biosensor device, and synergistic effect with a vaccine. In addition, LPs showed a good thermodynamics profile, as these properties enable them to interact with additional supramolecular interaction by chemical modifications or copolymerization. Functional polymers that are responsive to various external stimuli, such as physical, chemical, and biological signals, are a promising study topic. Thus, LPs are emerging as a new biomaterial that can enhance intended formulation along exerting its inherent medicinal effects. It is hoped that this review will provide a basis for the utilization and further developments of licorice polysaccharides in the vast medium.
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Hu Q, Liao W, Zhang Z, Shi S, Hou S, Ji N, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Liao Y, Li L, Zhu Z, Chen Y, Chen J, Yu F, Yang Q, Xiao H, Fu C, Du H, Wang Q, Cao H, Xiao H, Li R. The hepatoprotective effects of plant-based foods based on the "gut-liver axis": a prospective review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9136-9162. [PMID: 35466839 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2064423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the "gut-liver axis" in the pathogenesis of liver diseases has been revealed recently; which promotes the process of developing preventive and therapeutic strategies. However, considering that there are still many challenges in the medical treatment of liver diseases, potential preventive dietary intervention may be a good alternative choice. Plant-based foods have received much attention due to their reported health-promoting effects in targeting multiple pathways involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases as well as the relative safety for general use. Based on the PubMed and Web of Science databases, this review emphatically summarizes the plant-based foods and their chemical constituents with reported effects to impact the LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway of gut-liver axis of various liver diseases, reflecting their health benefits in preventing/alleviating liver diseases. Moreover, some plant-based foods with potential gut-liver effects are specifically analyzed from the reported studies and conclusions. This review intends to provide readers an overview of the current progress in the field of this research topic. We expect to see more hepatoprotective measures for alleviating the current prevalence of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongdan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Sanjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Shuguang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ningping Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xinjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yangyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Linghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Fangkun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hongtao Xiao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Heping Cao
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
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Zhu DY, Chen ZP, Hong ZP, Zhang L, Liang X, Li Y, Duan X, Luo H, Peng J, Guo J. Injectable thermo-sensitive and wide-crack self-healing hydrogel loaded with antibacterial anti-inflammatory dipotassium glycyrrhizate for full-thickness skin wound repair. Acta Biomater 2022; 143:203-215. [PMID: 35245682 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe skin injuries are hard to repair and susceptible to bacterial infection. Development of a versatile antimicrobial anti-inflammatory hydrogel dressing that eliminates concern over antibiotic resistance is urgently needed but remains an elusive goal. Our research, described herein, the design and fabrication of a new family of supramolecular hydrogels based on hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCS) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) may prove to be that goal. Employing the reversible cross-linking by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and adamantyl (AD) pre-assembly, the hydrogels can be formed in a facile one-pot method. Additionally, the structure and performance of the hydrogels can be controlled by a simple adjustment of the AD content. The obtained hydrogels exhibit an abundance of desired properties; they are injectable, thermosensitive, highly ductile, self-healable (will self-heal recurring damage to the hydrogel bandage of up to several millimeters wide), biocompatible, and have antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus when infused with dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (DG). Using a mouse full-thickness skin defect model, in vivo wound healing evaluations revealed that the DG-loaded hydrogels (HP-3/DG10) applied to the wound resulted in rapid wound closure. The hydrogels promoted efficient tissue remolding, collagen deposition, decreased inflammation and performed better than the control groups of commercial TegadermTM film and 3M dressing. Given their multifunctionality and in vivo efficacy, the DG-loaded HP hydrogels hold great potential as a wound dressing for full-thickness skin repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Injectable hydrogels are receiving increasing attention as an ideal wound dressing. To the best of our knowledge, however, injectable and wide-crack self-healing hydrogel dressings have been hardly studied. A versatile antimicrobial hydrogel without drug resistance or cytotoxicity is also highly required. Therefore, in the present study, we constructed injectable thermosensitive and wide-crack self-healing hydrogels with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. These hydrogels were developed through novel strategies of the wide-crack self-healing design and the loading of the bioactive antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent dipotassium glycyrrhizinate. The simple preparation method and multifunctionality of the studied hydrogel composites may provide important insights for the development of future biomaterials for wound dressings and other biomedical applications.
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Yang J, Yan H, Liu Y, Da L, Xiao Q, Xu W, Su Z. GURFAP: A Platform for Gene Function Analysis in Glycyrrhiza Uralensis. Front Genet 2022; 13:823966. [PMID: 35495163 PMCID: PMC9039005 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.823966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Licorice), which belongs to Leguminosae, is famous for the function of pharmacologic action and natural sweetener with its dried roots and rhizomes. In recent years, the whole-genome sequence of G. uralensis has been completed, which will help to lay the foundation for the study of gene function. Here, we integrated the available genomic and transcriptomic data of G. uralensis and constructed the G. uralensis gene co-expression network. We then annotated gene functions of G. uralensis via aligning with public databases. Furthermore, gene families of G. uralensis were predicted by tools including iTAK (Plant Transcription factor and Protein kinase Identifier and Classifier), HMMER (hidden Markov models), InParanoid, and PfamScan. Finally, we constructed a platform for gene function analysis in G. uralensis (GURFAP, www.gzybioinfoormatics.cn/GURFAP). For analyzed and predicted gene function, we introduced various tools including BLAST (Basic local alignment search tool), GSEA (Gene set enrichment analysis), Motif, Heatmap, and JBrowse. Our analysis based on this platform indicated that the biosynthesis of glycyrrhizin might be regulated by MYB and bHLH. We also took CYP88D6, CYP72A154, and bAS gene in the synthesis pathway of glycyrrhizin as examples to demonstrate the reliability and availability of our platform. Our platform GURFAP will provide convenience for researchers to mine the gene function of G. uralensis and thus discover more key genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaotong Yang
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Hengyu Yan
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingling Da
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Xiao
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Qiaoqiao Xiao, ; Wenying Xu, ; Zhen Su,
| | - Wenying Xu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qiaoqiao Xiao, ; Wenying Xu, ; Zhen Su,
| | - Zhen Su
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qiaoqiao Xiao, ; Wenying Xu, ; Zhen Su,
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Yang L, Wang D, Zhang Z, Jiang Y, Liu Y. Isoliquiritigenin alleviates diabetic symptoms via activating AMPK and inhibiting mTORC1 signaling in diet-induced diabetic mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153950. [PMID: 35114453 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effects of isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a chalcone compound isolated from licorice, on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS 8-week-old C7BL/6 mice were used to establish the T2DM animal model by feeding with high-fat-high-glucose diet (HFD) combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The animals were treated with ISL for 3 weeks. Blood glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance, and insulin tolerance were examined, serum parameters were determined, histologic sections were prepared, activities of enzymes related to glucolipid metabolism were analyzed, and the mitochondrial function was investigated to evaluate effects of ISL on metabolism. The underlying mechanisms of ISL alleviating insulin resistance and restoring metabolic homeostasis were analyzed in HepG2 and INS-1 cells. RESULTS ISL exhibits a potent activity in relieving hyperglycemia of type 2 diabetic mice. It alleviates insulin resistance and restores metabolic homeostasis without obvious adversary effects in HFD-induced diabetic mice. The metabolic benefits of ISL treatment include promoting hepatic glycogenesis, inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis, reducing hepatic steatosis, and sensitizing insulin signaling. Mechanistically, ISL activates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). It also suppresses mitochondrial function and reduces ATP production. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that ISL is able to significantly reduce blood glucose level and alleviate insulin resistance without obvious side effects in diabetic mice, hence uncovering a great potential of ISL as a novel drug candidate in prevention and treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Doudou Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Zhixin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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Cui X, Zhou S, Lin Y. Protective effects of liquiritin on polycystic ovary syndrome through modulating ovarian granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis via miR-206/PI3K/AKT pathway. Cytotechnology 2022; 74:385-393. [DOI: 10.1007/s10616-022-00531-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Advancement of nanomedicines in chronic inflammatory disorders. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:355-368. [PMID: 35217901 PMCID: PMC8879181 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic diseases, as stated by the WHO, are a threat to human health which kill 3 out of every 5 people worldwide. Therapeutics for such illnesses can be developed using traditional medicine. However, it is not an easy path from natural products to Western pharmacological and pharmaceutical methods. For several decades, chronic inflammatory disorders, especially in Westernized countries, have increased incidence and prevalence. Several NSAIDs are used to decrease inflammation and pain; however, there are numerous negative consequences of these anti-inflammatory medications, whereas plant-based natural products have anti-inflammatory therapeutic benefits that have little or no adverse effects. Nanoparticles are a new type of drug delivery device that may be designed to provide excellent target selectivity for certain cells and tissues while also having a high drug loading capacity, resulting in better pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics (PKPD), and therapeutic bioavailability. The size and polarity of phytochemical compounds make it hard to pass the blood–brain barrier (BBB), blood-vessel endothelial lining, gastrointestinal tract and mucosa. In addition, the gastrointestinal system is enzymatically destroyed. Therefore, nanoparticles or nanocrystals might also be used for encapsulation or conjugation of these chemicals as a method to improve their organic effectiveness through their gastrointestinal stability, absorption rate and dispersion. The therapy of numerous inflammatory illnesses, including arthritis, gastritis, Nephritis, Hepatitis (Type A, B &C), ulcerative colitis, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, allergic responses (asthma, eczema) or autoimmune disorders, is characterised by nanoparticles. This review paper provides information on the numerous nanosystem described with their probable mechanism to treat chronic inflammatory diseases.
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