51
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O'Connell TD, Mason RP, Budoff MJ, Navar AM, Shearer GC. Mechanistic insights into cardiovascular protection for omega-3 fatty acids and their bioactive lipid metabolites. Eur Heart J Suppl 2020; 22:J3-J20. [PMID: 33061864 PMCID: PMC7537803 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suaa115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Patients with well-controlled low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but persistent high triglycerides, remain at increased risk for cardiovascular events as evidenced by multiple genetic and epidemiologic studies, as well as recent clinical outcome trials. While many trials of low-dose ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3-PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have shown mixed results to reduce cardiovascular events, recent trials with high-dose ω3-PUFAs have reignited interest in ω3-PUFAs, particularly EPA, in cardiovascular disease (CVD). REDUCE-IT demonstrated that high-dose EPA (4 g/day icosapent-ethyl) reduced a composite of clinical events by 25% in statin-treated patients with established CVD or diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors. Outcome trials in similar statin-treated patients using DHA-containing high-dose ω3 formulations have not yet shown the benefits of EPA alone. However, there are data to show that high-dose ω3-PUFAs in patients with acute myocardial infarction had reduced left ventricular remodelling, non-infarct myocardial fibrosis, and systemic inflammation. ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids, along with their metabolites, such as oxylipins and other lipid mediators, have complex effects on the cardiovascular system. Together they target free fatty acid receptors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in various tissues to modulate inflammation and lipid metabolism. Here, we review these multifactorial mechanisms of ω3-PUFAs in view of recent clinical findings. These findings indicate physico-chemical and biological diversity among ω3-PUFAs that influence tissue distributions as well as disparate effects on membrane organization, rates of lipid oxidation, as well as various receptor-mediated signal transduction pathways and effects on gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D O'Connell
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, 3-141 CCRB, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Richard Preston Mason
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ann Marie Navar
- Cardiovascular Division, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gregory C Shearer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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52
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Toko H, Morita H, Katakura M, Hashimoto M, Ko T, Bujo S, Adachi Y, Ueda K, Murakami H, Ishizuka M, Guo J, Zhao C, Fujiwara T, Hara H, Takeda N, Takimoto E, Shido O, Harada M, Komuro I. Omega-3 fatty acid prevents the development of heart failure by changing fatty acid composition in the heart. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15553. [PMID: 32968201 PMCID: PMC7512019 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Some clinical trials showed that omega-3 fatty acid (FA) reduced cardiovascular events, but it remains unknown whether omega-3 FA supplementation changes the composition of FAs and their metabolites in the heart and how the changes, if any, exert beneficial effects on cardiac structure and function. To clarify these issues, we supplied omega-3 FA to mice exposed to pressure overload, and examined cardiac structure and function by echocardiography and a proportion of FAs and their metabolites by gas chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Pressure overload induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction, and reduced concentration of all FAs’ components and increased free form arachidonic acid and its metabolites, precursors of pro-inflammatory mediators in the heart. Omega-3 FA supplementation increased both total and free form of eicosapentaenoic acid, a precursor of pro-resolution mediators and reduced free form arachidonic acid in the heart. Omega-3 FA supplementation suppressed expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the heart and ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis. These results suggest that omega-3 FA-induced changes of FAs composition in the heart have beneficial effects on cardiac function via regulating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiro Toko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. .,Department of Advanced Translational Research and Medicine in Management of Pulmonary Hypertension, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masanori Katakura
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enyacho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.,Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Michio Hashimoto
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enyacho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Satoshi Bujo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yusuke Adachi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ueda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Haruka Murakami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masato Ishizuka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Jiaxi Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujiwara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hironori Hara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Norifumi Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Eiki Takimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Osamu Shido
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enyacho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Harada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Advanced Clinical Science and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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53
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Pizzinat N, Ong-Meang V, Bourgailh-Tortosa F, Blanzat M, Perquis L, Cussac D, Parini A, Poinsot V. Extracellular vesicles of MSCs and cardiomyoblasts are vehicles for lipid mediators. Biochimie 2020; 178:69-80. [PMID: 32835733 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent works reported the relevance of cellular exosomes in the evolution of different pathologies. However, most of these studies focused on the ability of exosomes to convey mi-RNA from cell to cell. The level of knowledge concerning the transport of lipid mediators by these nanovesicles is more than fragmented. The role of lipid mediators in the inflammatory signaling is fairly well described, in particular concerning the derivatives of the arachidonic acid (AA), called eicosanoïds or lipid mediators. The aim of the present work was to study the transport of these lipids within the extracellular vesicles of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) and the cardiomyoblast cell line H9c2. We were able to characterize, for the first time, complete profiles of oxilipins within these nanovesicles. We studied also the impact on these profiles, of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) know to be precursors of the inflammatory signaling molecules (AA, eicosapentaenoic acid EPA and Docosahexaenoic acid DHA), at physiological concentrations. By growing the progenitor cells under PUFAs supplementation, we provide a comprehensive assessment of the beneficial effect of ω-3 PUFA therapy. Actually, our results tend to support the resolving role of the inflammation that stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles can have within the cardiac microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Pizzinat
- I2MC, INSERM/UT3, 1av Jean Poulhès, BP84225, 31432, Toulouse-Cedex, France
| | | | | | - Muriel Blanzat
- IMRCP, CNRS/UT3, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse-Cedex, France
| | - Lucie Perquis
- IMRCP, CNRS/UT3, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse-Cedex, France
| | - Daniel Cussac
- I2MC, INSERM/UT3, 1av Jean Poulhès, BP84225, 31432, Toulouse-Cedex, France
| | - Angelo Parini
- I2MC, INSERM/UT3, 1av Jean Poulhès, BP84225, 31432, Toulouse-Cedex, France
| | - Verena Poinsot
- I2MC, INSERM/UT3, 1av Jean Poulhès, BP84225, 31432, Toulouse-Cedex, France.
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54
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Kutzner L, Goloshchapova K, Rund KM, Jübermann M, Blum M, Rothe M, Kirsch SF, Schunck WH, Kühn H, Schebb NH. Human lipoxygenase isoforms form complex patterns of double and triple oxygenated compounds from eicosapentaenoic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158806. [PMID: 32841762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (ALOX) are lipid peroxidizing enzymes that catalyze the biosynthesis of pro- and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators and have been implicated in (patho-)physiological processes. In humans, six functional ALOX isoforms exist and their arachidonic acid oxygenation products have been characterized. Products include leukotrienes and lipoxins which are involved in the regulation of inflammation and resolution. Oxygenation of n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids gives rise to specialized pro-resolving mediators, e.g. resolvins. However, the catalytic activity of different ALOX isoforms can lead to a multitude of potentially bioactive products. Here, we characterized the patterns of oxygenation products formed by human recombinant ALOX5, ALOX15, ALOX15B and ALOX12 from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and its 18-hydroxy derivative 18-HEPE with particular emphasis on double and triple oxygenation products. ALOX15 and ALOX5 formed a complex mixture of various double oxygenation products from EPA, which include 5,15-diHEPE and various 8,15-diHEPE isomers. Their biosynthetic mechanisms were explored using heavy oxygen isotopes (H218O, 18O2 gas) and three catalytic activities contributed to product formation: i) fatty acid oxygenase activity, ii) leukotriene synthase activity, iii) lipohydroperoxidase activity. For ALOX15B and ALOX12 more specific product patterns were identified, which was also the case when these enzymes reacted in concert with ALOX5. Several double oxygenated compounds were formed from 18-HEPE by ALOX5, ALOX15B and ALOX12 including previously identified resolvins (RvE2, RvE3), while formation of triple oxygenation products, e.g. 5,17,18-triHEPE, required ALOX5. Taken together our data show that EPA can be converted by human ALOX isoforms to a large number of secondary oxygenation products, which might exhibit bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kutzner
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kateryna Goloshchapova
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina M Rund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Martin Jübermann
- Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Maximilian Blum
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Rothe
- Lipidomix GmbH, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan F Kirsch
- Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Wolf-Hagen Schunck
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kühn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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55
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Kim AS, Conte MS. Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in cardiovascular disease, diagnosis, and therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:170-179. [PMID: 32697951 PMCID: PMC10980506 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Persistent inflammation is the key aggravator in many cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, aneurysm, injury/reperfusion, thrombosis, and neointimal hyperplasia following surgical or percutaneous interventions. Resolution is an active process orchestrated by specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) which tamp down acute inflammatory signals, promote healing and facilitate a return to homeostasis. SPMs are endogenously derived from poly-unsaturated fatty acids, and their biologic activity is mediated via specific G-protein coupled receptor binding. The potency of SPM in regulating the inflammatory response has encouraged investigation into their therapeutic and diagnostic use in cardiovascular pathologies. Herein we describe the translational groundwork which has established the synthesis and interactions of SPM in cardiovascular and hematologic cells, the therapeutic effects of SPM in animal models of cardiovascular disease, and some early technologies that harness and attempt to optimize SPM delivery and "resolution pharmacology". Further studies are required to precisely determine the mechanisms of resolution in the cardiovascular system and to determine the clinical settings in which SPM can be utilized to optimize patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Kim
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Michael S Conte
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
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56
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Gollasch B, Wu G, Dogan I, Rothe M, Gollasch M, Luft FC. Effects of hemodialysis on plasma oxylipins. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14447. [PMID: 32562348 PMCID: PMC7305238 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality. Survival rates among end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) hemodialysis patients are poor and most deaths are related to cardiovascular disease. Oxylipins constitute a family of oxygenated natural products, formed from fatty acid by pathways involving at least one step of dioxygen‐dependent oxidation. They are derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, by lipoxygenases (LOX) enzymes, or by cytochrome P450 epoxygenase. Oxylipins have physiological significance and some could be of regulatory importance. The effects of decreased renal function and dialysis treatment on oxylipin metabolism are unknown. We studied 15 healthy persons and 15 CKD patients undergoing regular hemodialysis treatments and measured oxylipins (HPLC‐MS lipidomics) derived from cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenase and lipoxygenase (LOX)/CYP ω/(ω‐1)‐hydroxylase pathways in circulating blood. We found that all four subclasses of CYP epoxy metabolites were increased after the dialysis treatment. Rather than resulting from altered soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) activity, the oxylipins were released and accumulated in the circulation. Furthermore, hemodialysis did not change the majority of LOX/CYP ω/(ω‐1)‐hydroxylase metabolites. Our data support the idea that oxylipin profiles discriminate ESRD patients from normal controls and are influenced by renal replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint institution between the Charité University Medicine and Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany.,HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guanlin Wu
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint institution between the Charité University Medicine and Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint institution between the Charité University Medicine and Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany.,Department of Geriatrics, University of Greifswald, University District Hospital Wolgast, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Friedrich C Luft
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint institution between the Charité University Medicine and Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany
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57
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Wasserman AH, Venkatesan M, Aguirre A. Bioactive Lipid Signaling in Cardiovascular Disease, Development, and Regeneration. Cells 2020; 9:E1391. [PMID: 32503253 PMCID: PMC7349721 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death globally. Understanding and characterizing the biochemical context of the cardiovascular system in health and disease is a necessary preliminary step for developing novel therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring cardiovascular function. Bioactive lipids are a class of dietary-dependent, chemically heterogeneous lipids with potent biological signaling functions. They have been intensively studied for their roles in immunity, inflammation, and reproduction, among others. Recent advances in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques have revealed a staggering number of novel bioactive lipids, most of them unknown or very poorly characterized in a biological context. Some of these new bioactive lipids play important roles in cardiovascular biology, including development, inflammation, regeneration, stem cell differentiation, and regulation of cell proliferation. Identifying the lipid signaling pathways underlying these effects and uncovering their novel biological functions could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies aimed at CVD and cardiovascular regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron H. Wasserman
- Regenerative Biology and Cell Reprogramming Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.H.W.); (M.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Manigandan Venkatesan
- Regenerative Biology and Cell Reprogramming Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.H.W.); (M.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Regenerative Biology and Cell Reprogramming Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.H.W.); (M.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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58
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Dietary n-6 and n-3 PUFA alter the free oxylipin profile differently in male and female rat hearts. Br J Nutr 2020; 122:252-261. [PMID: 31405389 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519001211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxylipins are bioactive lipid mediators synthesised from PUFA. The most well-known oxylipins are the eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid (ARA), and many of them influence cardiac physiology in health and disease. Oxylipins are also formed from other n-3 and n-6 PUFA such as α-linolenic acid (ALA), EPA, DHA and linoleic acid (LA), but fundamental data on the heart oxylipin profile, and the effect of diet and sex on this profile, are lacking. Therefore, weanling female and male Sprague-Dawley rats were given American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-93G-based diets modified in oil composition to provide higher levels of ALA, EPA, DHA, LA and LA + ALA, compared with control diets. After 6 weeks, free oxylipins in rat hearts were increased primarily by their precursor PUFA, except for EPA oxylipins, which were increased not only by dietary EPA but also by dietary ALA or DHA. Dietary DHA had a greater effect than ALA or EPA on reducing ARA oxylipins. An exception to the dietary n-3 PUFA-lowering effects on ARA oxylipins was observed for several ARA-derived PG metabolites that were higher in rats given EPA diets. Higher dietary LA increased LA oxylipins, but it had no effect on ARA oxylipins. Overall, heart oxylipins were higher in female rats, but this depended on dietary treatment: the female oxylipin:male oxylipin ratio was higher in rats provided the ALA compared with the DHA diet, with other diet groups having ratios in between. In conclusion, individual PUFA and sex have unique and interactive effects on the rat heart free oxylipin profile.
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59
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Suzumura A, Kaneko H, Funahashi Y, Takayama K, Nagaya M, Ito S, Okuno T, Hirakata T, Nonobe N, Kataoka K, Shimizu H, Namba R, Yamada K, Ye F, Ozawa Y, Yokomizo T, Terasaki H. n-3 Fatty Acid and Its Metabolite 18-HEPE Ameliorate Retinal Neuronal Cell Dysfunction by Enhancing Müller BDNF in Diabetic Retinopathy. Diabetes 2020; 69:724-735. [PMID: 32029482 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a widespread vision-threatening disease, and neuroretinal abnormality should be considered as an important problem. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has recently been considered as a possible treatment to prevent DR-induced neuroretinal damage, but how BDNF is upregulated in DR remains unclear. We found an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the vitreous of patients with DR. We confirmed that human retinal endothelial cells secreted H2O2 by high glucose, and H2O2 reduced cell viability of MIO-M1, Müller glia cell line, PC12D, and the neuronal cell line and lowered BDNF expression in MIO-M1, whereas BDNF administration recovered PC12D cell viability. Streptozocin-induced diabetic rats showed reduced BDNF, which is mainly expressed in the Müller glia cell. Oral intake of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-E) ameliorated BDNF reduction and oscillatory potentials (OPs) in electroretinography (ERG) in DR. Mass spectrometry revealed an increase in several EPA metabolites in the eyes of EPA-E-fed rats. In particular, an EPA metabolite, 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE), induced BDNF upregulation in Müller glia cells and recovery of OPs in ERG. Our results indicated diabetes-induced oxidative stress attenuates neuroretinal function, but oral EPA-E intake prevents retinal neurodegeneration via BDNF in Müller glia cells by increasing 18-HEPE in the early stages of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana Suzumura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kaneko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Funahashi
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kei Takayama
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nagaya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Seina Ito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Hirakata
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Nonobe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Kataoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Shimizu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rina Namba
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yamada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fuxiang Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yoko Ozawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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60
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Kris-Etherton PM, Richter CK, Bowen KJ, Skulas-Ray AC, Jackson KH, Petersen KS, Harris WS. Recent Clinical Trials Shed New Light on the Cardiovascular Benefits of Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2020; 15:171-178. [PMID: 31687095 DOI: 10.14797/mdcj-15-3-171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Three recent clinical trials have demonstrated the benefits of marine omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular disease end points. In the Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL), 840 mg/d of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) resulted in a 28% reduced risk for heart attacks, 50% reduced risk for fatal heart attacks, and 17% reduced risk for total coronary heart disease events. In the ASCEND trial (A Study of Cardiovascular Events in Diabetes), cardiovascular disease death was significantly reduced by 19% with 840 mg/d of EPA and DHA. However, the primary composite end points were not significantly reduced in either study. In REDUCE-IT (the Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial), there was a 25% decrease in the primary end point of major cardiovascular events with 4 g/d EPA (icosapent ethyl) in patients with elevated triglycerides (135-499 mg/dL) who also were taking a statin drug. For clinical practice, we now have compelling evidence of the cardiovascular benefits of omega-3 fatty acids. The findings of REDUCE-IT provide a strong rationale for prescribing icosapent ethyl for patients with hypertriglyceridemia who are on a statin. For primary prevention, the goal is to increase the population intake of omega-3 fatty acids to levels currently recommended, which translates to consuming at least one to two servings of fish/seafood per week. For individuals who prefer taking omega-3 fatty acid supplements, recent findings from clinical trials support the benefits for primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kate J Bowen
- PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY PARK, PENNSYLVANIA
| | | | | | | | - William S Harris
- OMEGA QUANT ANALYTICS, LLC, SIOUX FALLS, SOUTH DAKOTA.,UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA, SIOUX FALLS, SOUTH DAKOTA
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Lordan R, Redfern S, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I. Inflammation and cardiovascular disease: are marine phospholipids the answer? Food Funct 2020; 11:2861-2885. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01742a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the latest research on the cardioprotective effects of n-3 fatty acids (FA) and n-3 FA bound to polar lipids (PL). Overall, n-3 PL may have enhanced bioavailability and potentially bioactivityversusfree FA and ester forms of n-3 FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
| | - Shane Redfern
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
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Kuroda K, Otake H, Shinohara M, Kuroda M, Tsuda S, Toba T, Nagano Y, Toh R, Ishida T, Shinke T, Hirata KI. Effect of rosuvastatin and eicosapentaenoic acid on neoatherosclerosis: the LINK-IT Trial. EUROINTERVENTION 2019; 15:e1099-e1106. [PMID: 31334703 DOI: 10.4244/eij-d-18-01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to assess the effect of 10 mg/day of rosuvastatin plus eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) versus 2.5 mg/day of rosuvastatin on the extent of neoatherosclerosis using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS AND RESULTS We randomly assigned 50 patients with non-obstructive neoatherosclerotic plaques detected on OCT to receive either rosuvastatin 10 mg/day and EPA 1,800 mg/day (intensive therapy group) or rosuvastatin 2.5 mg (standard therapy group). Follow-up OCT was performed one year later to evaluate serial changes in neoatherosclerosis. The serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level decreased significantly from baseline to 12-month follow-up in the intensive therapy group (89 mg/dL to 70 mg/dL; p<0.001), while no change occurred in the standard therapy group. Lipid index change and percent changes in macrophage grade were significantly lower in the intensive therapy group than in the standard therapy group (-53.6 vs 310.1, p=0.001; -37.0% vs 35.3%, p<0.001; respectively). Percent changes in lipid index and macrophage grade were positively correlated with the changes in serum LDL-C and C-reactive protein levels, and negatively correlated with the change in serum EPA/arachidonic acid and 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (EPA bioactive metabolite) level. CONCLUSIONS Compared with rosuvastatin 2.5 mg/day, rosuvastatin 10 mg/day and EPA 1,800 mg/day significantly stabilised non-obstructive neoatherosclerotic plaques. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN ID: UMIN000012576. https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000014711.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kuroda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Souza PR, Marques RM, Gomez EA, Colas RA, De Matteis R, Zak A, Patel M, Collier DJ, Dalli J. Enriched Marine Oil Supplements Increase Peripheral Blood Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators Concentrations and Reprogram Host Immune Responses: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study. Circ Res 2019; 126:75-90. [PMID: 31829100 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM-lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins) are produced via the enzymatic conversion of essential fatty acids, including the omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid and n-3 docosapentaenoic acid. These mediators exert potent leukocyte directed actions and control vascular inflammation. Supplementation of animals and humans with essential fatty acids, in particular omega-3 fatty acids, exerts protective actions reducing vascular and systemic inflammation. Of note, the mechanism(s) activated by these supplements in exerting their protective actions remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE Given that essential fatty acids are precursors in the biosynthesises of SPM, the aim of the present study was to establish the relationship between supplementation and peripheral SPM concentrations. We also investigated the relationship between changes in plasma SPM concentrations and peripheral blood platelet and leukocyte responses. METHODS AND RESULTS Healthy volunteers were enrolled in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study, and peripheral blood was collected at baseline, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours post administration of placebo or one of 3 doses of an enriched marine oil supplement. Assessment of plasma SPM concentrations using lipid mediator profiling demonstrated a time- and dose-dependent increase in peripheral blood SPM concentration. Supplementation also led to a regulation of peripheral blood cell responses. Here we found a dose-dependent increase in neutrophil and monocyte phagocytosis of bacteria and a decrease in the diurnal activation of leukocytes and platelets, as measured by a reduction in adhesion molecule expression. In addition, transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood cells demonstrated a marked change in transcript levels of immune and metabolic genes 24 hours post supplementation when compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings demonstrate that supplementation with an enriched marine oil leads to an increase in peripheral blood SPM concentrations and reprograms peripheral blood cells, indicating a role for SPM in mediating the immune-directed actions of this supplement. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03347006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia R Souza
- From the Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (P.R.S., R.M.M., E.A.G., R.A.C., R.D.M., J.D.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Raquel M Marques
- From the Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (P.R.S., R.M.M., E.A.G., R.A.C., R.D.M., J.D.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Esteban A Gomez
- From the Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (P.R.S., R.M.M., E.A.G., R.A.C., R.D.M., J.D.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Romain A Colas
- From the Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (P.R.S., R.M.M., E.A.G., R.A.C., R.D.M., J.D.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Roberta De Matteis
- From the Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (P.R.S., R.M.M., E.A.G., R.A.C., R.D.M., J.D.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Anne Zak
- Clinical Research Centre & the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Barts (A.Z., M.P., D.J.C.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Mital Patel
- Clinical Research Centre & the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Barts (A.Z., M.P., D.J.C.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - David J Collier
- Clinical Research Centre & the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Barts (A.Z., M.P., D.J.C.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK.,William Harvey Research Institute, Barts Clinical Trials Unit (CTU), Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine (D.J.C.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- From the Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (P.R.S., R.M.M., E.A.G., R.A.C., R.D.M., J.D.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK.,Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation (J.D.), Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, UK
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Docosahexaenoic acid slows inflammation resolution and impairs the quality of healed skin tissue. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:2345-2360. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20190753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
There is no consensus on the effects of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids (FA) on cutaneous repair. To solve this problem, we used 2 different approaches: (1) FAT-1 transgenic mice, capable of producing endogenous ω-3 FA; (2) wild-type (WT) mice orally supplemented with DHA-enriched fish oil. FAT-1 mice had higher systemic (serum) and local (skin tissue) ω-3 FA levels, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in comparison with WT mice. FAT-1 mice had increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and content of CXCL-1 and CXCL-2, and reduced IL-10 in the skin wound tissue three days after the wound induction. Inflammation was maintained by an elevated TNF-α concentration and presence of inflammatory cells and edema. Neutrophils and macrophages, isolated from FAT-1 mice, also produced increased TNF-α and reduced IL-10 levels. In these mice, the wound closure was delayed, with a wound area 6-fold bigger in relation with WT group, on the last day of analysis (14 days post-wounding). This was associated with poor orientation of collagen fibers and structural aspects in repaired tissue. Similarly, DHA group had a delay during late inflammatory phase. This group had increased TNF-α content and CD45+F4/80+ cells at the third day after skin wounding and increased concentrations of important metabolites derived from ω-3, like 18-HEPE, and reduced concentrations of those from ω-6 FA. In conclusion, elevated DHA content, achieved in both FAT-1 and DHA groups, slowed inflammation resolution and impaired the quality of healed skin tissue.
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Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid Dampens Allergic Rhinitis via Eosinophilic Production of the Anti-Allergic Lipid Mediator 15-Hydroxyeicosapentaenoic Acid in Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122868. [PMID: 31766714 PMCID: PMC6950470 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolism and generation of bioactive lipid mediators are key events in the exertion of the beneficial effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acids in the regulation of allergic inflammation. Here, we found that dietary linseed oil, which contains high amounts of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) dampened allergic rhinitis through eosinophilic production of 15-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (15-HEPE), a metabolite of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Lipidomic analysis revealed that 15-HEPE was particularly accumulated in the nasal passage of linseed oil-fed mice after the development of allergic rhinitis with the increasing number of eosinophils. Indeed, the conversion of EPA to 15-HEPE was mediated by the 15-lipoxygenase activity of eosinophils. Intranasal injection of 15-HEPE dampened allergic symptoms by inhibiting mast cell degranulation, which was mediated by the action of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. These findings identify 15-HEPE as a novel EPA-derived, and eosinophil-dependent anti-allergic metabolite, and provide a preventive and therapeutic strategy against allergic rhinitis.
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Domínguez-Perles R, Gil-Izquierdo A, Ferreres F, Medina S. Update on oxidative stress and inflammation in pregnant women, unborn children (nasciturus), and newborns - Nutritional and dietary effects. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 142:38-51. [PMID: 30902759 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The scientific background of perinatal pathology, regarding both mother and offspring, from the lipidomic perspective, has highlighted the possibility of identifying new, promising clinical markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, closely related to the normal development of unborn and newborn children, together with their application. In this regard, in recent years, significant advances have been achieved, assisted by both newly developed analytical tools and basic knowledge on the biological implications of oxylipins. Hence, in the light of this recent progress, this review aims to provide an update on the relevance of human oxylipins during pregnancy and in the unborn and newborn child, covering two fundamental aspects. Firstly, the evidence from human clinical studies and dietary intervention trials will be used to shed light on the extent to which dietary supplementation can modulate the lipidomic markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in the perinatal state, emphasizing the role of the placenta and metabolic disturbances in the mother and fetus. The second part of this article comprises a review of existing data on specific pathophysiological aspects of human reproduction, in relation to lipidomic markers in pregnant women, unborn children, and newborn children. The information reviewed here evidences the current opportunity to correct reproductive disturbances, in the framework of lipidomics, by fine-tuning dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Domínguez-Perles
- Group on Safety, Quality, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Gil-Izquierdo
- Group on Safety, Quality, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - F Ferreres
- Group on Safety, Quality, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - S Medina
- Group on Safety, Quality, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Laguna-Fernandez A, Checa A, Carracedo M, Artiach G, Petri MH, Baumgartner R, Forteza MJ, Jiang X, Andonova T, Walker ME, Dalli J, Arnardottir H, Gisterå A, Thul S, Wheelock CE, Paulsson-Berne G, Ketelhuth DFJ, Hansson GK, Bäck M. ERV1/ChemR23 Signaling Protects Against Atherosclerosis by Modifying Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Uptake and Phagocytosis in Macrophages. Circulation 2019; 138:1693-1705. [PMID: 29739755 PMCID: PMC6200387 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.032801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: In addition to enhanced proinflammatory signaling, impaired resolution of vascular inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis. Proresolving lipid mediators formed through the 12/15 lipoxygenase pathways exert protective effects against murine atherosclerosis. n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), serve as the substrate for the formation of lipid mediators, which transduce potent anti-inflammatory and proresolving actions through their cognate G-protein–coupled receptors. The aim of this study was to identify signaling pathways associated with EPA supplementation and lipid mediator formation that mediate atherosclerotic disease progression. Methods: Lipidomic plasma analysis were performed after EPA supplementation in Apoe−/− mice. Erv1/Chemr23−/−xApoe−/− mice were generated for the evaluation of atherosclerosis, phagocytosis, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein uptake. Histological and mRNA analyses were done on human atherosclerotic lesions. Results: Here, we show that EPA supplementation significantly attenuated atherosclerotic lesion growth induced by Western diet in Apoe−/− mice and was associated with local cardiovascular n-3 enrichment and altered lipoprotein metabolism. Our systematic plasma lipidomic analysis identified the resolvin E1 precursor 18-monohydroxy EPA as a central molecule formed during EPA supplementation. Targeted deletion of the resolvin E1 receptor Erv1/Chemr23 in 2 independent hyperlipidemic murine models was associated with proatherogenic signaling in macrophages, increased oxidized low-density lipoprotein uptake, reduced phagocytosis, and increased atherosclerotic plaque size and necrotic core formation. We also demonstrate that in macrophages the resolvin E1–mediated effects in oxidized low-density lipoprotein uptake and phagocytosis were dependent on Erv1/Chemr23. When analyzing human atherosclerotic specimens, we identified ERV1/ChemR23 expression in a population of macrophages located in the proximity of the necrotic core and demonstrated augmented ERV1/ChemR23 mRNA levels in plaques derived from statin users. Conclusions: This study identifies 18-monohydroxy EPA as a major plasma marker after EPA supplementation and demonstrates that the ERV1/ChemR23 receptor for its downstream mediator resolvin E1 transduces protective effects in atherosclerosis. ERV1/ChemR23 signaling may represent a previously unrecognized therapeutic pathway to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Laguna-Fernandez
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Checa
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (A.C., C.E.W.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miguel Carracedo
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gonzalo Artiach
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcelo H Petri
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roland Baumgartner
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria J Forteza
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xintong Jiang
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teodora Andonova
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mary E Walker
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hildur Arnardottir
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anton Gisterå
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silke Thul
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Craig E Wheelock
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (A.C., C.E.W.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabrielle Paulsson-Berne
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel F J Ketelhuth
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran K Hansson
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bäck
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine (A.L.-F., M.C., G.A., M.H.P., R.B., M.J.F., X.J., T.A.., H.A., A.G., S.T., G.P.-B., D.F.J.K., G.K.H., M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Heart and Vascular Theme, Division of Valvular and Coronary Disease (M.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
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Kwong RY, Heydari B, Ge Y, Abdullah S, Fujikura K, Kaneko K, Harris WS, Jerosch-Herold M, Antman EM, Seidman JG, Pfeffer MA. Genetic profiling of fatty acid desaturase polymorphisms identifies patients who may benefit from high-dose omega-3 fatty acids in cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction-Post-hoc analysis from the OMEGA-REMODEL randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222061. [PMID: 31532795 PMCID: PMC6750606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The double-blind OMEGA-REMODEL placebo-controlled randomized trial of high-dose omega-3 fatty acids (O-3FA) post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) reported improved cardiac remodeling and attenuation of non-infarct myocardial fibrosis. Fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene cluster encodes key enzymes in the conversion of essential omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids into active arachidonic (ArA) and eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA), which influence cardiovascular outcomes. Methods and results We tested the hypothesis that the genotypic status of FADS2 (rs1535) modifies therapeutic response of O-3FA in post-AMI cardiac remodeling in 312 patients. Consistent with known genetic polymorphism of FADS2, patients in our cohort with the guanine-guanine (GG) genotype had the lowest FADS2 activity assessed by arachidonic acid/linoleic acid (ArA/LA) ratio, compared with patients with the adenine-adenine (AA) and adenine-guanine (AG) genotypes (GG:1.62±0.35 vs. AA: 2.01±0.36, p<0.0001; vs. AG: 1.76±0.35, p = 0.03). When randomized to 6-months of O-3FA treatment, GG patients demonstrated significant lowering of LV end-systolic volume index (LVESVi), N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and galectin-3 levels compared to placebo (-4.4 vs. 1.2 ml/m2, -733 vs. -181 pg/mL, and -2.0 vs. 0.5 ng/mL; p = 0.006, 0.006, and 0.03, respectively). In contrast, patients with either AA or AG genotype did not demonstrate significant lowering of LVESVi, NT-proBNP, or galectin-3 levels from O-3FA treatment, compared to placebo. The odds ratios for improving LVESVi by 10% with O-3FA treatment was 7.2, 1.6, and 1.2 in patients with GG, AG, and AA genotypes, respectively. Conclusion Genetic profiling using FADS2 genotype can predict the therapeutic benefits of O-3FA treatment against adverse cardiac remodeling during the convalescent phase of AMI. Clinical trial registration information clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00729430.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Y. Kwong
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Bobak Heydari
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yin Ge
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shuaib Abdullah
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kana Fujikura
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kyoichi Kaneko
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - William S. Harris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Fall, South Dakota, United States of America
- OmegaQuant Analytics, LLC, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Michael Jerosch-Herold
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Elliott M. Antman
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jonathan G. Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marc A. Pfeffer
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Serhan CN, de la Rosa X, Jouvene C. Novel mediators and mechanisms in the resolution of infectious inflammation: evidence for vagus regulation. J Intern Med 2019; 286:240-258. [PMID: 30565762 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Excessive chronic inflammation is linked to many diseases and considered a stress factor in humans (Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1999, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2008, 105: 17949, Immunity, 44, 2016, 44: 463, N Engl J Med, 2011, 364: 656). Today, the resolution of inflammation is widely recognized as a cellular biochemically active process involving biosynthesis of a novel superfamily of endogenous chemical signals coined specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs; Nature, 2014, 510:92). Herein, we review recent evidence, indicating a role for the vagus nerve and vagotomy in the regulation of lipid mediators. Vagotomy reduces pro-resolving mediators, including the lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins, delaying resolution in mouse peritonitis. Vagotomy also delays resolution of Escherichia coli infection in mice. Specifically, right vagus regulates peritoneal Group 3 innate lymphoid cell (ILC-3) number and peritoneal macrophage responses with lipid mediator profile signatures with elevated pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and reduced resolvins, including the novel protective immunoresolvent agonist protectin conjugate in tissue regeneration1 (PCTR1). Acetylcholine upregulates PCTR biosynthesis, and administration of PCTR1 to vagotomized mice restores tissue resolution and host responses to E. coli infections. Results obtained with human vagus ex vivo indicate that vagus can produce both pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes, as well as the SPM. Electrical stimulation of human vagus in vitro reduces both prostaglandins and leukotrienes and enhances resolvins and the other SPM. These results elucidate a host protective mechanism mediated by vagus stimulation of SPM that includes resolvins and PCTR1 to regulate myeloid antimicrobial functions and resolution of infection. Moreover, they define a new pro-resolution of inflammation reflex operative in mice and human tissue that involves a vagus SPM circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - X de la Rosa
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Jouvene
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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70
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Barden A, Shinde S, Tsai IJ, Croft KD, Beilin LJ, Puddey IB, Mori TA. Effect of weight loss on neutrophil resolvins in the metabolic syndrome. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2019; 148:25-29. [PMID: 31492430 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-resolving inflammation associates with obesity and insulin resistance, and may be dependent on the balance of inflammatory substances and specialised pro-resolving mediators of inflammation (SPM) that act to halt the inflammatory response. This controlled trial examined the effect of weight loss on neutrophil synthesis of SPM in volunteers with the metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS Volunteers with MetS (n = 42) were matched for age and gender and randomly assigned to a 12-wk weight loss program followed by 4-wk weight stabilization or a 16-wk weight maintenance program. At baseline and 16 weeks, isolated neutrophils were stimulated with calcium ionophore and the released SPM were measured by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS At baseline the SPM resolvin (Rv) E1, 18R-RvE3, RvD2 and Maresin-1 (MaR-1) were detected from stimulated neutrophils. The concentration of released RvE1 was at least 6-fold that of other detected SPM. Weight loss of 4.7 ± 0.8 kg, led to a 2-fold increase in RvE1, P = 0.013, relative to the weight maintenance group. The increase in RvE1 after weight loss was related to, but independent of leukotriene B4. CONCLUSION: Following weight loss, human neutrophils from individuals with the metabolic syndrome are capable of releasing larger amounts of RvE1 upon stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barden
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| | - S Shinde
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - I-J Tsai
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - K D Croft
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - L J Beilin
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - I B Puddey
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - T A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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71
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Sakamoto A, Saotome M, Iguchi K, Maekawa Y. Marine-Derived Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Heart Failure: Current Understanding for Basic to Clinical Relevance. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164025. [PMID: 31426560 PMCID: PMC6719114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a rapidly growing global public health problem. Since HF results in high mortality and re-hospitalization, new effective treatments are desired. Although it remains controversial, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), such as the eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, have been widely recognized to have benefits for HF. In a large-scale clinical trial regarding secondary prevention of HF by n-3 PUFA (GISSI-HF trial), the supplementation of n-3 PUFA significantly reduced cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization. Other small clinical studies proposed that n-3 PUFA potentially suppresses the ventricular remodeling and myocardial fibrosis, which thereby improves the ventricular systolic and diastolic function both in ischemic and non-ischemic HF. Basic investigations have further supported our understanding regarding the cardioprotective mechanisms of n-3 PUFA against HF. In these reports, n-3 PUFA has protected hearts through (1) anti-inflammatory effects, (2) intervention of cardiac energy metabolism, (3) modification of cardiac ion channels, (4) improvement of vascular endothelial response, and (5) modulation of autonomic nervous system activity. To clarify the pros and cons of n-3 PUFA on HF, we summarized recent evidence regarding the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFA on HF both from the clinical and basic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sakamoto
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Masao Saotome
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Iguchi
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Maekawa
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
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72
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Sato T, Horikawa M, Takei S, Yamazaki F, Ito TK, Kondo T, Sakurai T, Kahyo T, Ikegami K, Sato S, Sato R, Jinno Y, Kawano H, Naoe S, Arita M, Kashiwagi Y, Setou M. Preferential Incorporation of Administered Eicosapentaenoic Acid Into Thin-Cap Atherosclerotic Plaques. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:1802-1816. [PMID: 31366219 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have beneficial effects on atherosclerosis. Although specific salutary actions have been reported, the detailed distribution of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plaque and their relevance in disease progression are unclear. Our aim was to assess the pharmacodynamics of EPA and DHA and their metabolites in atherosclerotic plaques. Approach and Results: Apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe-/-) mice were fed a Western diet supplemented with EPA (1%, w/w) or DHA (1%, w/w) for 3 weeks. Imaging mass spectrometry analyses were performed in the aortic root and arch of the Apoe-/- mice to evaluate the distribution of EPA, DHA, their metabolites and the lipids containing EPA or DHA in the plaques. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and histological analysis were also performed. The intima-media thickness of atherosclerotic plaque decreased in plaques containing free EPA and EPAs attached with several lipids. EPA was distributed more densely in the thin-cap plaques than in the thick-cap plaques, while DHA was more evenly distributed. In the aortic root, the distribution of total EPA level and cholesteryl esters containing EPA followed a concentration gradient from the vascular endothelium to the media. In the aortic arch, free EPA and 12-hydroxy-EPA colocalized with M2 macrophage. CONCLUSIONS Administered EPA tends to be incorporated from the vascular lumen side and preferentially taken into the thin-cap plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohito Sato
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,International Mass Imaging Center (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,First Department of Surgery (T. Sato), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Horikawa
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,International Mass Imaging Center (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shiro Takei
- Department of Environmental Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Aichi, Japan (S.T.)
| | - Fumiyoshi Yamazaki
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,International Mass Imaging Center (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi K Ito
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,International Mass Imaging Center (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,International Mass Imaging Center (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takanobu Sakurai
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,International Mass Imaging Center (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kahyo
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,International Mass Imaging Center (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Ikegami
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,International Mass Imaging Center (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shumpei Sato
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,International Mass Imaging Center (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Sato
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine 3 (R.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Jinno
- Development Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.J., H.K., S.N.)
| | - Hiroyuki Kawano
- Development Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.J., H.K., S.N.)
| | - Satoko Naoe
- Development Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Shizuoka, Japan (Y.J., H.K., S.N.).,Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Kanagawa, Japan (S.N., M.A.)
| | - Makoto Arita
- Preeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research Center, Shizuoka, Japan (M.S.)
| | - Yukiyasu Kashiwagi
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Japan (Y.K., )
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,International Mass Imaging Center (T. Sato, M.H., F.Y., T.K.I., T. Kondo, T. Sakurai, T. Kahyo, K.I., S.S., M.S.), Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Anatomy, The University of Hong Kong, China (M.S.)
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Darwesh AM, Sosnowski DK, Lee TYT, Keshavarz-Bahaghighat H, Seubert JM. Insights into the cardioprotective properties of n-3 PUFAs against ischemic heart disease via modulation of the innate immune system. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:20-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kurano M, Yasukawa K, Ikeda H, Aoki J, Yatomi Y. Redox state of albumin affects its lipid mediator binding characteristics. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:892-900. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1641603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Yasukawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ikeda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Hayashi A, Fujii S, Nakamura T, Kobayashi K, Sakatani M, Endo M, Takahashi T, Murata T. Production of lipid mediators in mastitic milk of cow. Anim Sci J 2019; 90:999-1007. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akane Hayashi
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Shota Fujii
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Tatsuro Nakamura
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Koji Kobayashi
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Miki Sakatani
- National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Research, NARO Tochigi Japan
| | - Maiko Endo
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science/Faculty of Agriculture The University of Tokyo Ibaraki Japan
| | - Tomotsugu Takahashi
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science/Faculty of Agriculture The University of Tokyo Ibaraki Japan
| | - Takahisa Murata
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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Ishihara T, Yoshida M, Arita M. Omega-3 fatty acid-derived mediators that control inflammation and tissue homeostasis. Int Immunol 2019; 31:559-567. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, display a wide range of beneficial effects in humans and animals. Many of the biological functions of PUFAs are mediated via bioactive metabolites produced by fatty acid oxygenases such as cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry-based mediator lipidomics revealed a series of novel bioactive lipid mediators derived from omega-3 PUFAs. Here, we describe recent advances on omega-3 PUFA-derived mediators, mainly focusing on their enzymatic oxygenation pathway, and their biological functions in controlling inflammation and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Ishihara
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mio Yoshida
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Norris PC, Skulas-Ray AC, Riley I, Richter CK, Kris-Etherton PM, Jensen GL, Serhan CN, Maddipati KR. Identification of specialized pro-resolving mediator clusters from healthy adults after intravenous low-dose endotoxin and omega-3 supplementation: a methodological validation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:18050. [PMID: 30575798 PMCID: PMC6303400 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediator(s) (SPMs) are produced from the endogenous ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and accelerate resolution of acute inflammation. We identified specific clusters of SPM in human plasma and serum using LC-MS/MS based lipid mediator (LM) metabololipidomics in two separate laboratories for inter-laboratory validation. The human plasma cluster consisted of resolvin (Rv)E1, RvD1, lipoxin (LX)B4, 18-HEPE, and 17-HDHA, and the human serum cluster consisted of RvE1, RvD1, AT-LXA4, 18-HEPE, and 17-HDHA. Human plasma and serum SPM clusters were increased after ω-3 supplementation (triglyceride dietary supplements or prescription ethyl esters) and low dose intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. These results were corroborated by parallel determinations with the same coded samples in a second, separate laboratory using essentially identical metabololipidomic operational parameters. In these healthy subjects, two ω-3 supplementation protocols (Study A and Study B) temporally increased the SPM cluster throughout the endotoxin-challenge time course. Study A and Study B were randomized and Study B also had a crossover design with placebo and endotoxin challenge. Endotoxin challenge temporally regulated lipid mediator production in human serum, where pro-inflammatory eicosanoid (prostaglandins and thromboxane) concentrations peaked by 8 hours post-endotoxin and SPMs such as resolvins and lipoxins initially decreased by 2 h and were then elevated at 24 hours. In healthy adults given ω-3 supplementation, the plasma concentration of the SPM cluster (RvE1, RvD1, LXB4, 18-HEPE, and 17-HDHA) peaked at two hours post endotoxin challenge. These results from two separate laboratories with the same samples provide evidence for temporal production of specific pro-resolving mediators with ω-3 supplementation that together support the role of SPM in vivo in inflammation-resolution in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Norris
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ann C Skulas-Ray
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Ian Riley
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chesney K Richter
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Penny M Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Gordon L Jensen
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
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Li J, Chen CY, Arita M, Kim K, Li X, Zhang H, Kang JX. An omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid derivative, 18-HEPE, protects against CXCR4-associated melanoma metastasis. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:1380-1388. [PMID: 30184109 PMCID: PMC7191087 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma has a high propensity to metastasize and exhibits a poor response to classical therapies. Dysregulation of the chemokine receptor gene CXCR4 is associated with melanoma progression, and although n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are known to be beneficial for melanoma prevention, the underlying mechanism of this effect is unclear. Here, we used the n-3 fatty acid desaturase (Fat-1) transgenic mouse model of endogenous n-3 PUFA synthesis to investigate the influence of elevated n-3 PUFA levels in a mouse model of metastatic melanoma. We found that relative to wild-type (WT) mice, Fat-1 mice exhibited fewer pulmonary metastatic colonies and improved inflammatory indices, including reduced serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels and pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity. Differential PUFA metabolites in serum were considered a key factor to alter cancer cell travelling to lung, and we found that n-6 PUFAs such as arachidonic acid induced CXCR4 protein expression although n-3 PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) decreased CXCR4 levels. In addition, serum levels of the bioactive EPA metabolite, 18-HEPE, were elevated in Fat-1 mice relative to WT mice, and 18-HEPE suppressed CXCR4 expression in B16-F0 cells. Moreover, relative to controls, numbers of pulmonary metastatic colonies were reduced in WT mice receiving intravenous injections either of 18-HEPE or 18-HEPE-pretreated melanoma cells. Our results indicate that 18-HEPE is a potential anticancer metabolite that mediates, at least in part, the preventive effect of n-3 PUFA on melanoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Li
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Clinic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of Fujian Corps of CAPF, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chih-Yu Chen
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kuijin Kim
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiangyong Li
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hongman Zhang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jing X Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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79
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Goel A, Pothineni NV, Singhal M, Paydak H, Saldeen T, Mehta JL. Fish, Fish Oils and Cardioprotection: Promise or Fish Tale? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3703. [PMID: 30469489 PMCID: PMC6321588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish and commercially available fish oil preparations are rich sources of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are the most important fatty acids in fish oil. Following dietary intake, these fatty acids get incorporated into the cell membrane phospholipids throughout the body, especially in the heart and brain. They play an important role in early brain development during infancy, and have also been shown to be of benefit in dementia, depression, and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Early epidemiologic studies show an inverse relationship between fish consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease. This led to the identification of the cardioprotective role of these marine-derived fatty acids. Many experimental studies and some clinical trials have documented the benefits of fish oil supplementation in decreasing the incidence and progression of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias, and stroke. Possible mechanisms include reduction in triglycerides, alteration in membrane fluidity, modulation of cardiac ion channels, and anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and anti-arrhythmic effects. Fish oil supplements are generally safe, and the risk of toxicity with methylmercury, an environmental toxin found in fish, is minimal. Current guidelines recommend the consumption of either one to two servings of oily fish per week or daily fish oil supplements (around 1 g of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids per day) in adults. However, recent large-scale studies have failed to demonstrate any benefit of fish oil supplements on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality. Here, we review the different trials that evaluated the role of fish oil in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Goel
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Naga Venkata Pothineni
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | | | - Hakan Paydak
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Tom Saldeen
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Jawahar L Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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80
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Fang X, Cai W, Cheng Q, Ai D, Wang X, Hammock BD, Zhu Y, Zhang X. Omega-3 PUFA attenuate mice myocardial infarction injury by emerging a protective eicosanoid pattern. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 139:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hecker M, Sommer N, Foch S, Hecker A, Hackstein H, Witzenrath M, Weissmann N, Seeger W, Mayer K. Resolvin E1 and its precursor 18R-HEPE restore mitochondrial function in inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:1016-1028. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Halade GV, Black LM, Verma MK. Paradigm shift - Metabolic transformation of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids to bioactives exemplify the promise of fatty acid drug discovery. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:935-953. [PMID: 29499340 PMCID: PMC5971137 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid drug discovery (FADD) is defined as the identification of novel, specialized bioactive mediators that are derived from fatty acids and have precise pharmacological/therapeutic potential. A number of reports indicate that dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids and limited intake of omega-6 promotes overall health benefits. In 1929, Burr and Burr indicated the significant role of essential fatty acids for survival and functional health of many organs. In reference to specific dietary benefits of differential omega-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids (DHA and EPA) are transformed to monohydroxy, dihydroxy, trihydroxy, and other complex mediators during infection, injury, and exercise to resolve inflammation. The presented FADD approach describes the metabolic transformation of DHA and EPA in response to injury, infection, and exercise to govern uncontrolled inflammation. Metabolic transformation of DHA and EPA into a number of pro-resolving molecules exemplifies a novel, inexpensive approach compared to traditional, expensive drug discovery. DHA and EPA have been recommended for prevention of cardiovascular disease since 1970. Therefore, the FADD approach is relevant to cardiovascular disease and resolution of inflammation in many injury models. Future research demands identification of novel action targets, receptors for biomolecules, mechanism(s), and drug-interactions with resolvins in order to maintain homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh V Halade
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States.
| | - Laurence M Black
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mahendra Kumar Verma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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83
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Barden A, Shinde S, Phillips M, Beilin L, Mas E, Hodgson JM, Puddey I, Mori TA. The effects of alcohol on plasma lipid mediators of inflammation resolution in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 133:29-34. [PMID: 29789130 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by peripheral insulin resistance and low-grade systemic inflammation. Inflammation resolution is recognised as an important process driven by specialised pro-resolving mediators of inflammation (SPMs) and has the potential to moderate chronic inflammation. Alcohol has the potential to affect synthesis of SPMs by altering key enzymes involved in SPM synthesis and may influence ongoing inflammation associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. AIMS (i) To examine the effects of alcohol consumed as red wine on plasma SPM in men and women with Type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial and (ii) compare baseline plasma SPM levels in the same patients with those of healthy volunteers. METHODS Twenty-four patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomized to a three-period crossover study with men drinking red wine 300 ml/day (∼31 g alcohol/day) and women drinking red wine 230 ml/day (∼24 g alcohol/day), or equivalent volumes of dealcoholized red wine (DRW) or water, each for 4 weeks. The SPM 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE), E-series resolvins (Rv) (RvE1-RvE3), 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA), and D-series resolvins (RvD1, 17R-RvD1, RvD2, RvD5), 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (14-HDHA) and Maresin 1 were measured at the end of each period. A baseline comparison of plasma SPM, hs CRP, lipids and glucose was made with healthy volunteers. RESULTS Red wine did not differentially affect any of the SPM measured when compared with DRW or water. Baseline levels of the hs-CRP and the SPM 18-HEPE, 17-HDHA, RvD1 and 17R-RvD1 in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus were all significantly elevated compared with healthy controls and remained so after adjusting for age and gender. CONCLUSION Moderate alcohol consumption as red wine does not alter plasma SPM in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The elevation of SPM levels compared with healthy volunteers may be a homeostatic response to counter ongoing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Barden
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| | - Sujata Shinde
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Michael Phillips
- Harry Perkins Research Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Lawrence Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Emilie Mas
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Ian Puddey
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Lin Z, Altaf N, Li C, Chen M, Pan L, Wang D, Xie L, Zheng Y, Fu H, Han Y, Ji Y. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates oxidative stress-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation via S-sulfhydrating c-Jun at Cys269 in macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2890-2900. [PMID: 29859240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are closely related to cardiovascular diseases. Although hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to have powerful anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, its role in macrophage inflammation was poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of H2S in the regulation of macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation. We reported here that H2S attenuated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which led to caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production in macrophages. Moreover, H2S exerted its protective effects by lowering the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). Mechanistically, S-sulfhydration of c-Jun by H2S enhanced its transcriptional activity on SIRT3 and p62, which contributed to the decrease of mtROS production. S-sulfhydration sites are investigated by site directed mutagenesis. Findings showed that S-sulfhydrated c-Jun exerted its protective influences via a c-Jun Cys269-dependent manner. Moreover, the protective effects of H2S were absent in macrophage from SIRT3 knockout mice. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that H2S attenuates oxidative stress-induced mtROS production and NLRP3 inflammasome activation via S-sulfhydrating c-Jun at cysteine 269 in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Lin
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Naila Altaf
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chen Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lihong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Animal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Heling Fu
- Animal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yi Han
- Departments of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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85
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Comprehensive analysis of the mouse cytochrome P450 family responsible for omega-3 epoxidation of eicosapentaenoic acid. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7954. [PMID: 29784972 PMCID: PMC5962638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26325-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolites generated via oxygenation of the omega-3 double bond (omega-3 oxygenation) in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have recently been identified as novel anti-inflammatory lipid mediators. Therefore, oxygenase(s) responsible for this metabolic pathway are of particular interest. We performed genome-wide screening of mouse cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms to explore enzymes involved in omega-3 oxygenation of EPA. As a result, 5 CYP isoforms (mouse Cyp1a2, 2c50, 4a12a, 4a12b, and 4f18) were selected and identified to confer omega-3 epoxidation of EPA to yield 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (17,18-EpETE). Stereoselective production of 17,18-EpETE by each CYP isoform was confirmed, and molecular modeling indicated that chiral differences stem from different EPA binding conformations in the catalytic domains of respective CYP enzymes.
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86
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Serhan CN, Levy BD. Resolvins in inflammation: emergence of the pro-resolving superfamily of mediators. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:2657-2669. [PMID: 29757195 DOI: 10.1172/jci97943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 807] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Countless times each day, the acute inflammatory response protects us from invading microbes, injuries, and insults from within, as in surgery-induced tissue injury. These challenges go unnoticed because they are self-limited and naturally resolve without progressing to chronic inflammation. Peripheral blood markers of inflammation are present in many common diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer. While acute inflammation is protective, excessive swarming of neutrophils amplifies collateral tissue damage and inflammation. Hence, understanding the mechanisms that control the resolution of acute inflammation provides insight into preventing and treating inflammatory diseases in multiple organs. This Review focuses on the resolution phase of inflammation with identification of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that involve three separate biosynthetic and potent mediator families, which are defined using the first quantitative resolution indices to score this vital process. These are the resolvins, protectins, and maresins: bioactive metabolomes that each stimulate self-limited innate responses, enhance innate microbial killing and clearance, and are organ-protective. We briefly address biosynthesis of SPMs and their activation of endogenous resolution programs as terrain for new therapeutic approaches that are not, by definition, immunosuppressive, but rather new immunoresolvent therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, and
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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87
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Garcia C, Montée N, Faccini J, Series J, Meilhac O, Cantero AV, Le Faouder P, Elbaz M, Payrastre B, Vindis C. Acute coronary syndrome remodels the antiplatelet aggregation properties of HDL particle subclasses. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:933-945. [PMID: 29543379 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Essentials HDL subclasses were studied in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). HDL2 from ACS patients have better antiplatelet potency than HDL from non ACS subjects. ACS remodels the antiplatelet properties of HDL subclasses. Oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids content of HDL is modified by ACS. SUMMARY Background Although HDLs have antithrombotic effects by reducing platelet activation, the relationship between HDL levels and the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unclear, as HDL particles are heterogeneous in composition and biological properties. Objective To characterize the effects of HDL2 and HDL3 subclasses from ACS patients and non-coronary artery disease (CAD) subjects on platelet activation. Methods We measured platelet aggregation and ex vivo thrombus formation, analyzed signaling pathways by flow cytometry, and performed a targeted lipidomics analysis on HDL subclasses. Results Analysis of human platelet aggregation in suspension, adhesion on von Willebrand factor and thrombus formation on collagen under arterial shear demonstrated that HDL2 from ACS patients had higher antiplatelet potency than HDL3 from ACS patients and HDL from non-CAD subjects. HDL binding to scavenger receptor class B type I was essential for this effect. A lipidomics analysis revealed that HDL2 from ACS patients had more oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). An inverse correlation between the concentrations of 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE), 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE), the eicosapentaenoic acid metabolite 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid isomers in HDL2 and platelet aggregation was observed. This relationship was further demonstrated by the direct inhibitory effects of 18-HEPE, 9-HODE, 13-HODE, 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid and 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid on collagen-related peptide-induced platelet aggregation, indicating that oxidized PUFAs contribute to the antithrombotic effect of ACS HDL2. Conclusions Our data shed new light on the antiplatelet effects of HDL subclasses, and suggest physiological adaptation through the modulation of HDL properties in ACS patients that may limit their platelet-dependent thrombotic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Garcia
- Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - N Montée
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases/I2MC, INSERM, UMR-1048 and University Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
- INSERM, UMR-1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien, Université de la Réunion, Saint Denis, France
| | - J Faccini
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases/I2MC, INSERM, UMR-1048 and University Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - J Series
- Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - O Meilhac
- INSERM, UMR-1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien, Université de la Réunion, Saint Denis, France
| | - A-V Cantero
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases/I2MC, INSERM, UMR-1048 and University Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - P Le Faouder
- MetaToul-Lipidomic Core Facility, MetaboHUB, INSERM, UMR-1048, Toulouse, France
| | - M Elbaz
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases/I2MC, INSERM, UMR-1048 and University Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - B Payrastre
- Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases/I2MC, INSERM, UMR-1048 and University Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - C Vindis
- Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases/I2MC, INSERM, UMR-1048 and University Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
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88
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Halade GV, Norris PC, Kain V, Serhan CN, Ingle KA. Splenic leukocytes define the resolution of inflammation in heart failure. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/520/eaao1818. [PMID: 29511119 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aao1818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation promotes healing in myocardial infarction but, if unresolved, leads to heart failure. To define the inflammatory and resolving responses, we quantified leukocyte trafficking and specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) in the infarcted left ventricle and spleen after myocardial infarction, with the goal of distinguishing inflammation from its resolution. Our data suggest that the spleen not only served as a leukocyte reservoir but also was the site where SPMs were actively generated after coronary ligation in mice. Before myocardial infarction, SPMs were more abundant in the spleen than in the left ventricle. At day 1 after coronary ligation, the spleen was depleted of leukocytes, a phenomenon that was associated with greater numbers of leukocytes in the infarcted left ventricle and increased generation of SPMs at the same site, particularly resolvins, maresin, lipoxins, and protectin. In addition, the infarcted left ventricle showed increased expression of genes encoding lipoxygenases and enhanced production of SPMs generated by these enzymes. We found that macrophages were necessary for SPM generation. The abundance of SPMs in the spleen before myocardial infarction and increased SPM concentrations in the infarcted left ventricle within 24 hours after myocardial infarction were temporally correlated with the resolution of inflammation. Thus, the acute inflammatory response coincided with the active resolving phase in post-myocardial infarction and suggests that further investigation into macrophage-derived SPMs in heart failure is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh V Halade
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Paul C Norris
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vasundhara Kain
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kevin A Ingle
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Chen J, Hamers AJP, Finsterbusch M, Massimo G, Zafar M, Corder R, Colas RA, Dalli J, Thiemermann C, Ahluwalia A. Endogenously generated arachidonate-derived ligands for TRPV1 induce cardiac protection in sepsis. FASEB J 2018; 32:3816-3831. [PMID: 29465314 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701303r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The severity of cardiac dysfunction predicts mortality in sepsis. Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor type (TRPV)-1, a predominantly neuronal nonselective cation channel, has been shown to improve outcome in sepsis and endotoxemia. However, the role of TRPV1 and the identity of its endogenous ligands in the cardiac dysfunction caused by sepsis and endotoxemia are unknown. Using TRPV1-/- and TRPV1+/+ mice, we showed that endogenous activation of cardiac TRPV1 during sepsis is key to limiting the ensuing cardiac dysfunction. Use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry lipid analysis and selective inhibitors of arachidonic metabolism suggest that the arachidonate-derived TRPV1 activator, 20-hydroxyeicosateraenoic acid (20-HETE), underlies a substantial component of TRPV1-mediated cardioprotection in sepsis. Moreover, using selective antagonists for neuropeptide receptors, we show that this effect of TRPV1 relates to the activity of neuronally released cardiac calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and that, accordingly, administration of CGRP can rescue cardiac dysfunction in severe endotoxemia. In sum activation of TRPV1 by 20-HETE leads to the release of CGRP, which protects the heart against the cardiac dysfunction in endotoxemia and identifies both TRPV1 and CGRP receptors as potential therapeutic targets in endotoxemia.-Chen, J., Hamers, A. J. P., Finsterbusch, M., Massimo, G., Zafar, M., Corder, R., Colas, R. A., Dalli, J., Thiemermann, C., Ahluwalia, A. Endogenously generated arachidonate-derived ligands for TRPV1 induce cardiac protection in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Chen
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J P Hamers
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michaela Finsterbusch
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gianmichele Massimo
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maleeha Zafar
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roger Corder
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Romain A Colas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Thiemermann
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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90
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Mochimaru T, Fukunaga K, Miyata J, Matsusaka M, Masaki K, Kabata H, Ueda S, Suzuki Y, Goto T, Urabe D, Inoue M, Isobe Y, Arita M, Betsuyaku T. 12-OH-17,18-Epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid alleviates eosinophilic airway inflammation in murine lungs. Allergy 2018; 73:369-378. [PMID: 28857178 DOI: 10.1111/all.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation and obstruction with eosinophil infiltration into the airway. Arachidonic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid, is metabolized into cysteinyl leukotriene with pro-inflammatory properties for allergic inflammation, whereas the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and its downstream metabolites are known to have anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the counter-regulatory roles of EPA in inflamed lungs. METHODS Male C57BL6 mice were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin (OVA). After EPA treatment, we evaluated the cell count of Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), mRNA expressions in the lungs by q-PCR, and the amounts of lipid mediators by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based lipidomics. We investigated the effect of the metabolite of EPA by in vivo and in vitro studies. RESULTS Eicosapentaenoic acid treatment reduced the accumulation of eosinophils in the airway and decreased mRNA expression of selected inflammatory mediators in the lung. Lipidomics clarified the metabolomic profile in the lungs. Among EPA-derived metabolites, 12-hydroxy-17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-OH-17,18-EpETE) was identified as one of the major biosynthesized molecules; the production of this molecule was amplified by EPA administration and allergic inflammation. Intravenous administration of 12-OH-17,18-EpETE attenuated airway eosinophilic inflammation through downregulation of C-C chemokine motif 11 (CCL11) mRNA expression in the lungs. In vitro, this molecule also inhibited the release of CCL11 from human airway epithelial cells stimulated with interleukin-4. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that EPA alleviated airway eosinophilic inflammation through its conversion into bioactive metabolites. Additionally, our results suggest that 12-OH-17,18-EpETE is a potential therapeutic target for the management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Mochimaru
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Fukunaga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - J. Miyata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Matsusaka
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Masaki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Kabata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - S. Ueda
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Suzuki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Goto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
- Pharmaceutical Research Center; Shionogi & Co. Ltd.; Osaka Japan
| | - D. Urabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Isobe
- Laboratory for Metabolomics; RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; Kanagawa Japan
| | - M. Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics; RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences; Kanagawa Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science; Yokohama City University; Kanagawa Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism; Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Betsuyaku
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine; Department of Medicine; Keio University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
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91
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Rodriguez-Echevarria R, Macias-Barragan J, Parra-Vargas M, Davila-Rodriguez JR, Amezcua-Galvez E, Armendariz-Borunda J. Diet switch and omega-3 hydroxy-fatty acids display differential hepatoprotective effects in an obesity/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease model in mice. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:461-474. [PMID: 29398867 PMCID: PMC5787781 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i4.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the effect of 18-hydroxy-eicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) and 17-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA) in a murine model of obesity/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
METHODS C57BL/6 mice were fed with standard chow diet (CD) or high-fat, fructose-enriched diet (HFD) for 16 wk. Then, three groups were treated for 14 d with either, diet switch (HFD for CD), 18-HEPE, or 17-HDHA. Weight and fasting glucose were recorded on a weekly basis. Insulin tolerance test was performed at the end of treatment. Histological analysis (HE and Masson’s trichrome stain) and determination of serum insulin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, adiponectin and resistin were carried out as well as liver proteins by western blot.
RESULTS Mice treated with hydroxy-fatty acids 18-HEPE and 17-HDHA displayed no weight loss or improved insulin sensitivity. However, these mice groups showed a significant amelioration on serum GLP-1, adiponectin and resistin levels. Also, a significant reduction on inflammatory infiltrate was observed at both portal and lobular zones. Furthermore, up-regulation of PPARα/γ protein levels was observed in liver tissue and it was associated with decreased levels of NF-κB also determined by western blot analysis. On the other hand, diet switch regimen resulted in a marked improvement in most parameters including: weight loss, increased insulin sensitivity, decreased steatosis, restored levels of insulin, glucagon, leptin, adiponectin and resistin. However, no significant changes were observed regarding inflammatory infiltrate in this last group.
CONCLUSION 18-HEPE and 17-HDHA differentially exert hepatoprotective effects through up-regulation of nuclear receptors PPARα/γ and amelioration of serum adipokines profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rodriguez-Echevarria
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy-CUCS, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Jose Macias-Barragan
- Department of Health Sciences-CUValles, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 46600, Mexico
| | - Marcela Parra-Vargas
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy-CUCS, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | | | | | - Juan Armendariz-Borunda
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy-CUCS, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
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92
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Layé S, Nadjar A, Joffre C, Bazinet RP. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Brain: Physiological Mechanisms and Relevance to Pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 70:12-38. [PMID: 29217656 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.014092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Classically, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were largely thought to be relatively inert structural components of brain, largely important for the formation of cellular membranes. Over the past 10 years, a host of bioactive lipid mediators that are enzymatically derived from arachidonic acid, the main n-6 PUFA, and docosahexaenoic acid, the main n-3 PUFA in the brain, known to regulate peripheral immune function, have been detected in the brain and shown to regulate microglia activation. Recent advances have focused on how PUFA regulate the molecular signaling of microglia, especially in the context of neuroinflammation and behavior. Several active drugs regulate brain lipid signaling and provide proof of concept for targeting the brain. Because brain lipid metabolism relies on a complex integration of diet, peripheral metabolism, including the liver and blood, which supply the brain with PUFAs that can be altered by genetics, sex, and aging, there are many pathways that can be disrupted, leading to altered brain lipid homeostasis. Brain lipid signaling pathways are altered in neurologic disorders and may be viable targets for the development of novel therapeutics. In this study, we discuss in particular how n-3 PUFAs and their metabolites regulate microglia phenotype and function to exert their anti-inflammatory and proresolving activities in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Layé
- Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique and Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France (S.L., A.N., C.J.); and Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.P.B.)
| | - Agnès Nadjar
- Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique and Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France (S.L., A.N., C.J.); and Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.P.B.)
| | - Corinne Joffre
- Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique and Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France (S.L., A.N., C.J.); and Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.P.B.)
| | - Richard P Bazinet
- Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique and Bordeaux University, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France (S.L., A.N., C.J.); and Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.P.B.)
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93
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Effects of prenatal n-3 fatty acid supplementation on offspring resolvins at birth and 12 years of age: a double-blind, randomised controlled clinical trial. Br J Nutr 2017; 118:971-980. [PMID: 29173199 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517002914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Resolution of inflammation is an active process involving specialised pro-resolving mediators (SPM) generated from the n-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. n-3 Fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy may provide an intervention strategy to modify these novel SPM. This study aimed to assess the effect of n-3 fatty acid supplementation in pregnancy on offspring SPM at birth and 12 years of age (12 years). In all, ninety-eight atopic pregnant women were randomised to 3·7 g daily n-3 fatty acids or a control (olive oil), from 20 weeks gestation until delivery. Blood was collected from the offspring at birth and at 12 years. Plasma SPM consisting of 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE), E-series resolvins, 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA), D-series resolvins, 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (14-HDHA), 10 S,17S-dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid, maresins and protectin 1, were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem MS. We identified the resolvins RvE1, RvE2, RvE3, RvD1, 17R-RvD1 and RvD2 for the first time in human cord blood. n-3 Fatty acids increased cord blood 18-HEPE (P<0·001) derived from EPA relative to the control group. DHA-derived 17-HDHA at birth was significantly increased in the n-3 fatty acid group relative to the controls (P=0·001), but other SPM were not different between the groups. n-3 Fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy was associated with an increase in SPM precursors in the offspring at birth but the effects were not sustained at 12 years. The presence of these SPM, particularly at birth, may have functions relevant in the newborn that remain to be established, which may be useful for future investigations.
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94
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Hamilton JA, Hasturk H, Kantarci A, Serhan CN, Van Dyke T. Atherosclerosis, Periodontal Disease, and Treatment with Resolvins. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2017; 19:57. [PMID: 29110146 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-017-0696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to discuss the existing evidence on the link between atherosclerosis and periodontitis by particularly presenting new findings that link the pathology and therapy of these diseases. Acute vascular ischemic events that can lead to stroke or myocardial infarction are initiated by inflammatory processes leading to rupture or erosion of plaques susceptible to thrombosis ("high risk" or "vulnerable"). These are highly inflamed plaques residing in the media and adventitia that may not be detected by angiography measurments of luminal narrowing. Statistically significant excess risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease has been reported in persons with periodontitis independent of established risk factors. We hypothesized that the systemic pathologic links also represent potential therapeutic links. RECENT FINDINGS We recently demonstrated that periodontal inflammation promotes atherosclerotic plaque inflammation and destabilization. As discrete pathological regions, these plaques with a high susceptibility to rupture can be imaged and differentiated from lower risk plaques. In cholesterol-fed rabbits with periodontal disease, circulating inflammatory mediators were also significantly elevated thereby contributing to "vulnerable blood," a systemic characteristic of high risk for cardiovascular events. New studies show that certain lipid mediators, including lipoxins and resolvins, are potent in preventing and possibly treating a number of inflammation-associated diseases, including periodontitis and vascular inflammation. The concept of the vulnerable patient and the pro-resolving approach open new terrain for discovery of paradigm-changing therapies for the prevention and treatment of two of the most common diseases of man. Importantly, lipoxins and resolvins are natural receptor agonists that do not exhibit the same pro-atherogenic side effects attributed to anti-inflammatory medications (e.g., NSAIDs) but rather coordinate resolution of inflammation and a return to homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Hamilton
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, W302, Boston, MA, 02118-2526, USA.
| | - Hatice Hasturk
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Thomas Van Dyke
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
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95
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See VHL, Mas E, Prescott SL, Beilin LJ, Burrows S, Barden AE, Huang RC, Mori TA. Effects of postnatal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on offspring pro-resolving mediators of inflammation at 6 months and 5 years of age: A double blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017; 126:126-132. [PMID: 29031390 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resolution of inflammation is an active process involving specialised pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) generated from the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation during infancy may provide an intervention strategy to modify SPMs and reduce oxidative stress. This study evaluates the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in infancy on SPMs and F2-isoprostanes from 6 months to 5 years of age. METHODS In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study design, 420 infants were randomized to a daily supplement of omega-3 fatty acids (280mg DHA and 110mg EPA) or olive oil (control), from birth to age 6 months. Blood was collected at birth (cord blood), 6 months, 12 months and 5 years. Plasma SPMs included 18-HEPE, E-series resolvins, 17-HDHA, D-series resolvins, 14-HDHA, 10S,17S-DiHDoHE, MaR1 and PD1. F2-isoprostanes were measured in plasma and urine, as markers of oxidative stress in vivo. RESULTS The change in the concentration of 18-HEPE from birth to 6 months was greater in the omega-3 fatty acid group (Ptimepoint*group=0.04) with levels at 6 months significantly higher than controls (P=0.02). Other SPMs were not different between the groups at any time point. Plasma 18-HEPE concentration were associated with erythrocyte EPA concentrations after age and group adjustments (P<0.001), but not with allergic outcomes at 12 months. There were no between-group differences in plasma and urinary F2-isoprostanes at any time point. CONCLUSION Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation from birth to 6 months of age increased SPM at 6 months but the effects were not sustained after supplementation ceased. Given that 18-HEPE is a biologically active metabolite, future studies should examine how the increase in 18-HEPE relates to potential health benefits of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V H L See
- School of Medicine Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Paediatrics and Child Health, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| | - E Mas
- School of Medicine Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - S L Prescott
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Telethon Kid's Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - L J Beilin
- School of Medicine Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - S Burrows
- School of Medicine Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - A E Barden
- School of Medicine Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - R C Huang
- Telethon Kid's Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - T A Mori
- School of Medicine Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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96
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Omega-3 Index and Anti-Arrhythmic Potential of Omega-3 PUFAs. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111191. [PMID: 29084142 PMCID: PMC5707663 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), namely eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are permanent subjects of interest in relation to the protection of cardiovascular health and the prevention of the incidence of both ventricular and atrial arrhythmias. The purpose of this updated review is to focus on the novel cellular and molecular effects of omega-3 PUFAs, in the context of the mechanisms and factors involved in the development of cardiac arrhythmias; to provide results of the most recent studies on the omega-3 PUFA anti-arrhythmic efficacy and to discuss the lack of the benefit in relation to omega-3 PUFA status. The evidence is in the favor of omega-3 PUFA acute and long-term treatment, perhaps with mitochondria-targeted antioxidants. However, for a more objective evaluation of the anti-arrhythmic potential of omega-3 PUFAs in clinical trials, it is necessary to monitor the basal pre-interventional omega-3 status of individuals, i.e., red blood cell content, omega-3 index and free plasma levels. In the view of evidence-based medicine, it seems to be crucial to aim to establish new approaches in the prevention of cardiac arrhythmias and associated morbidity and mortality that comes with these conditions.
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97
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Laake K, Seljeflot I, Schmidt EB, Myhre P, Tveit A, Norseth J, Arnesen H, Solheim S. Galectin-3, a marker of cardiac remodeling, is inversely related to serum levels of marine omega-3 fatty acids. A cross-sectional study. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 6:2048004017729984. [PMID: 28932392 PMCID: PMC5600299 DOI: 10.1177/2048004017729984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Marine polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) may have cardioprotective effects and beneficial influence on the fibrotic process. We evaluated the associations between serum marine n-3 PUFA and selected biomarkers of fibrosis and cardiac remodeling in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction. SETTING From the ongoing OMega-3 fatty acids in Elderly patients with Myocardial Infarction (OMEMI) trial, 299 patients were investigated. Soluble ST2 (sST2), Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and the serum content of major marine n-3 and n-6 PUFA were analyzed 2-8 weeks after the index acute myocardial infarction. RESULTS Gal-3 was inversely correlated to eicosapentaenoic acid (r = -.120, p = .039) and docosahexaenoic acid (r = -.125, p = .031) and positively correlated to the n-6/n-3 ratio (r = .131, p = .023). Gal-3 levels were significantly higher in diabetics vs non-diabetics (12.00 vs 9.61 ng/mL, p = .007) and in patients with NYHA class ≥III for dyspnea at inclusion (11.33 vs 9.75 ng/mL, p = .006). CONCLUSIONS The associations between the marine n-3 PUFA and levels of Gal-3 indicate beneficial effects of n-3 PUFA on cardiac remodeling in an elderly population with acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Laake
- Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - I Seljeflot
- Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - E B Schmidt
- Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - P Myhre
- Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.,Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - A Tveit
- Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Bærum Hospital, Rud, Norway
| | - J Norseth
- Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Bærum Hospital, Rud, Norway
| | - H Arnesen
- Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - S Solheim
- Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
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98
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Bao Q, Liu Y, Song H, Yang N, Ai D, Zhu Y, Zhang X. Spectrum evaluation-assisted eicosanoid metabolomics for global eicosanoid profiling in human vascular endothelial cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 45:98-108. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Bao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Yajin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Hao Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
| | - Ding Ai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
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99
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Alashmali SM, Kitson AP, Lin L, Lacombe RJS, Bazinet RP. Maternal dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid deprivation does not exacerbate post-weaning reductions in arachidonic acid and its mediators in the mouse hippocampus. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 22:223-234. [PMID: 28903622 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1372160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study examines how lowering maternal dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (starting from pregnancy) compared to offspring (starting from post-weaning) affect the levels of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in phospholipids (PL) and lipid mediators in the hippocampus of mice. METHODS Pregnant mice were randomly assigned to consume either a deprived or an adequate n-6 PUFA diet during pregnancy and lactation (maternal exposure). On postnatal day (PND) 21, half of the male pups were weaned onto the same diet as their dams, and the other half were switched to the other diet for 9 weeks (offspring exposure). At PND 84, upon head-focused high-energy microwave irradiation, hippocampi were collected for PL fatty acid and lipid mediator analyses. RESULTS Arachidonic acid (ARA) concentrations were significantly decreased in both total PL and PL fractions, while eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations were increased only in PL fractions upon n-6 PUFA deprivation of offspring, regardless of maternal exposure. Several ARA-derived eicosanoids were reduced, while some of the EPA-derived eicosanoids were elevated by n-6 PUFA deprivation in offspring. There was no effect of diet on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or DHA-derived docosanoids concentrations under either maternal or offspring exposure. DISCUSSION These results indicate that the maternal exposure to dietary n-6 PUFA may not be as important as the offspring exposure in regulating hippocampal ARA and some lipid mediators. Results from this study will be helpful in the design of experiments aimed at testing the significance of altering brain ARA levels over different stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoug M Alashmali
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Alex P Kitson
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Lin Lin
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - R J Scott Lacombe
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Richard P Bazinet
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
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Barden AE, Chavez V, Phillips M, Mas E, Beilin LJ, Croft KD, Mori TA, Puddey IB. A Randomized Trial of Effects of Alcohol on Cytochrome P450 Eicosanoids, Mediators of Inflammation Resolution, and Blood Pressure in Men. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:1666-1674. [PMID: 28767146 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular effects of alcohol consumption may be influenced by both pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. We previously showed that chronic alcohol consumption increased blood pressure (BP), oxidative stress, and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a vasoconstrictor and pro-inflammatory eicosanoid synthesized by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes from arachidonic acid. This study in men examined the effect of consuming red wine (RW) on BP in relation to changes in 20-HETE, oxidative stress (F2 -isoprostanes), markers of inflammation, anti-inflammatory CYP450 epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), and specialized pro-resolving mediators of inflammation (SPMs) derived from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). METHODS Normotensive men (n = 22) were randomly allocated to drink RW (375 ml/d) or the equivalent volume of dealcoholized red wine (DRW) or water for 4 weeks in a 12-week, 3-period crossover trial. BP, heart rate, 20-HETE, F2 -isoprostanes, and SPM were measured at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. RESULTS Drinking RW increased BP (p < 0.05), plasma and urinary 20-HETE (p < 0.05), plasma F2 -isoprostanes (p < 0.0001), and the SPMs 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) from EPA, and resolvin D1 (RvD1) and 17R-resolvin D1 (17R-RvD1) from DHA (all p < 0.05) compared with DRW and water. EETs and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were unaffected by RW. Plasma 18-HEPE was positively related to urinary 20-HETE (p < 0.008) only after RW. CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that men consuming moderate-to-high alcohol as RW for 4 weeks had increased BP, 20-HETE, and oxidative stress, as well as specific SPM that resolve inflammation. These paradoxical findings require further studies to determine whether alcohol stimulates different CYP450 enzymes and whether the findings can be replicated in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Barden
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Venus Chavez
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Phillips
- Harry Perkins Research Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Emilie Mas
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kevin D Croft
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ian B Puddey
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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