51
|
Duan Z, Liu M, Yuan L, Du X, Wu M, Yang Y, Wang L, Zhou K, Yang M, Zou Y, Xiang Y, Qu X, Liu H, Qin X, Liu C. Innate lymphoid cells are double-edged swords under the mucosal barrier. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8579-8587. [PMID: 34378306 PMCID: PMC8435454 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As the direct contacting site for pathogens and allergens, the mucosal barrier plays a vital role in the lungs and intestines. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are particularly resident in the mucosal barrier and participate in several pathophysiological processes, such as maintaining or disrupting barrier integrity, preventing various pathogenic invasions. In the pulmonary mucosae, ILCs sometimes aggravate inflammation and mucus hypersecretion but restore airway epithelial integrity and maintain lung tissue homeostasis at other times. In the intestinal mucosae, ILCs can increase epithelial permeability, leading to severe intestinal inflammation on the one hand, and assist mucosal barrier in resisting bacterial invasion on the other hand. In this review, we will illustrate the positive and negative roles of ILCs in mucosal barrier immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Duan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mandie Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xizi Du
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengping Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Leyuan Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Yizhou Zou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Infectious Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Abud HE, Chan WH, Jardé T. Source and Impact of the EGF Family of Ligands on Intestinal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:685665. [PMID: 34350179 PMCID: PMC8327171 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.685665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) has long been known for its role in promoting proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells. EGF is produced by epithelial niche cells at the base of crypts in vivo and is routinely added to the culture medium to support the growth of intestinal organoids ex vivo. The recent identification of diverse stromal cell populations that reside underneath intestinal crypts has enabled the characterization of key growth factor cues supplied by these cells. The nature of these signals and how they are delivered to drive intestinal epithelial development, daily homeostasis and tissue regeneration following injury are being investigated. It is clear that aside from EGF, other ligands of the family, including Neuregulin 1 (NRG1), have distinct roles in supporting the function of intestinal stem cells through the ErbB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Abud
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Wing Hei Chan
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Thierry Jardé
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Mihi B, Gong Q, Nolan LS, Gale SE, Goree M, Hu E, Lanik WE, Rimer JM, Liu V, Parks OB, Lewis AN, Agrawal P, Laury ML, Kumar P, Huang E, Bidani SS, Luke CJ, Kolls JK, Good M. Interleukin-22 signaling attenuates necrotizing enterocolitis by promoting epithelial cell regeneration. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100320. [PMID: 34195684 PMCID: PMC8233697 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a deadly intestinal inflammatory disorder that primarily affects premature infants and lacks adequate therapeutics. Interleukin (IL)-22 plays a critical role in gut barrier maintenance, promoting epithelial regeneration, and controlling intestinal inflammation in adult animal models. However, the importance of IL-22 signaling in neonates during NEC remains unknown. We investigated the role of IL-22 in the neonatal intestine under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions by using a mouse model of NEC. Our data reveal that Il22 expression in neonatal murine intestine is negligible until weaning, and both human and murine neonates lack IL-22 production during NEC. Mice deficient in IL-22 or lacking the IL-22 receptor in the intestine display a similar susceptibility to NEC, consistent with the lack of endogenous IL-22 during development. Strikingly, treatment with recombinant IL-22 during NEC substantially reduces inflammation and enhances epithelial regeneration. These findings may provide a new therapeutic strategy to attenuate NEC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Chemokine CXCL1/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL1/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL2/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL2/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/drug therapy
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/immunology
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/microbiology
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/pathology
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/immunology
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/pathology
- Infant, Premature
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/immunology
- Interleukins/genetics
- Interleukins/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Regeneration/genetics
- Regeneration/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Weaning
- Interleukin-22
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belgacem Mihi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Qingqing Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lila S. Nolan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sarah E. Gale
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Martin Goree
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Elise Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wyatt E. Lanik
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jamie M. Rimer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Victoria Liu
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Olivia B. Parks
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Angela N. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Pranjal Agrawal
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Marie L. Laury
- Genome Technology Access Center, McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shay S. Bidani
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cliff J. Luke
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jay K. Kolls
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Misty Good
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Wang X, Cai J, Lin B, Ma M, Tao Y, Zhou Y, Bai L, Jiang W, Zhou R. GPR34-mediated sensing of lysophosphatidylserine released by apoptotic neutrophils activates type 3 innate lymphoid cells to mediate tissue repair. Immunity 2021; 54:1123-1136.e8. [PMID: 34107271 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils migrate rapidly to damaged tissue and play critical roles in host defense and tissue homeostasis. Here we investigated the mechanisms whereby neutrophils participate in tissue repair. In an intestinal epithelia injury model, neutrophil depletion exacerbated colitis and associated with reduced interleukin (IL)-22 and limited activation of type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). Co-culture with neutrophils activated ILC3s in a manner dependent on neutrophil apoptosis. Metabolomic analyses revealed that lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS) from apoptotic neutrophils directly stimulated ILC3 activation. ILC3-specific deletion of Gpr34, encoding the LysoPS receptor GPR34, or inhibition of downstream PI3K-AKT or ERK suppressed IL-22 production in response to apoptotic neutrophils. Gpr34-/- mice exhibited compromised ILC3 activation and tissue repair during colon injury, and neutrophil depletion abrogated these defects. GPR34 deficiency in ILC3s limited IL-22 production and tissue repair in vivo in settings of colon and skin injury. Thus, GPR34 is an ILC3-expressed damage-sensing receptor that triggers tissue repair upon recognition of dying neutrophils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaqiong Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Bolong Lin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yubo Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Li Bai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Rongbin Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; CAS Centre for Excellence in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Stojanović I, Saksida T, Miljković Đ, Pejnović N. Modulation of Intestinal ILC3 for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653560. [PMID: 34149694 PMCID: PMC8209467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is crucial for the maintenance of the intestinal homeostasis, but it is also the potential site of the activation of autoreactive cells and initiation/propagation of autoimmune diseases in the gut and in the distant organs. Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) residing in the GALT integrate signals from food ingredients and gut microbiota metabolites in order to control local immunoreactivity. Notably, ILC3 secrete IL-17 and GM-CSF that activate immune cells in combating potentially pathogenic microorganisms. ILC3 also produce IL-22 that potentiates the strength and integrity of epithelial tight junctions, production of mucus and antimicrobial peptides thus enabling the proper function of the intestinal barrier. The newly discovered function of small intestine ILC3 is the secretion of IL-2 and the promotion of regulatory T cell (Treg) generation and function. Since the intestinal barrier dysfunction, together with the reduction in small intestine ILC3 and Treg numbers are associated with the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), the focus of this article is intestinal ILC3 modulation for the therapy of T1D. Of particular interest is free fatty acids receptor 2 (FFAR2), predominantly expressed on intestinal ILC3, that can be stimulated by available selective synthetic agonists. Thus, we propose that FFAR2-based interventions by boosting ILC3 beneficial functions may attenuate autoimmune response against pancreatic β cells during T1D. Also, it is our opinion that treatments based on ILC3 stimulation by functional foods can be used as prophylaxis in individuals that are genetically predisposed to develop T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Stojanović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Saksida
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đorđe Miljković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada Pejnović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Cox JR, Cruickshank SM, Saunders AE. Maintenance of Barrier Tissue Integrity by Unconventional Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:670471. [PMID: 33936115 PMCID: PMC8079635 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces, as a first barrier with the environment are especially susceptible to damage from both pathogens and physical trauma. Thus, these sites require tightly regulated repair programs to maintain barrier function in the face of such insults. Barrier sites are also enriched for unconventional lymphocytes, which lack rearranged antigen receptors or express only a limited range of such receptors, such as ILCs (Innate Lymphoid Cells), γδ T Cells and MAIT (Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells). Recent studies have uncovered critical roles for unconventional lymphocytes in regulating mucosal barrier function, and, in particular, have highlighted their important involvement in barrier repair. The production of growth factors such as amphiregulin by ILC2, and fibroblast growth factors by γδ T cells have been shown to promote tissue repair at multiple barrier sites. Additionally, MAIT cells have been shown to exhibit pro-repair phenotypes and demonstrate microbiota-dependent promotion of murine skin healing. In this review we will discuss how immune responses at mucosal sites are controlled by unconventional lymphocytes and the ways in which these cells promote tissue repair to maintain barrier integrity in the skin, gut and lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Cox
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sheena M Cruickshank
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Amy E Saunders
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Miljković Đ, Jevtić B, Stojanović I, Dimitrijević M. ILC3, a Central Innate Immune Component of the Gut-Brain Axis in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:657622. [PMID: 33912185 PMCID: PMC8071931 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.657622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut immune cells have been increasingly appreciated as important players in the central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity in animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS). Among the gut immune cells, innate lymphoid cell type 3 (ILC3) is of special interest in MS research, as they represent the innate cell counterpart of the major pathogenic cell population in MS, i.e. T helper (Th)17 cells. Importantly, these cells have been shown to stimulate regulatory T cells (Treg) and to counteract pathogenic Th17 cells in animal models of autoimmune diseases. Besides, they are also well known for their ability to stabilize the intestinal barrier and to shape the immune response to the gut microbiota. Thus, proper maintenance of the intestinal barrier and the establishment of the regulatory milieu in the gut performed by ILC3 may prevent activation of CNS antigen-specific Th17 cells by the molecular mimicry. Recent findings on the role of ILC3 in the gut-CNS axis and their relevance for MS pathogenesis will be discussed in this paper. Possibilities of ILC3 functional modulation for the benefit of MS patients will be addressed, as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Đorđe Miljković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Jevtić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Stojanović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Dimitrijević
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Bennstein SB, Uhrberg M. Biology and therapeutic potential of human innate lymphoid cells. FEBS J 2021; 289:3967-3981. [PMID: 33837637 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have become established as important players in different areas such as tissue homeostasis, integrity of mucosal barriers and regulation of inflammation. While most of the early work on ILCs was based on murine studies, our knowledge on human ILCs is rapidly accumulating, opening novel perspectives towards the translation of ILC biology into the clinic. In this State-of-the-Art Review, we focus on the current knowledge of these most recently discovered members of the lymphocyte family and highlight their role in three major burdens of humanity: infectious diseases, cancer, and allergy and/or autoimmunity. IL-22-producing type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) have become established as important players at the interface between gut epithelia and intestinal microbiome and are implicated in protection from inflammatory bowel disease, the control of graft-versus-host disease and intestinal graft rejection. In contrast, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) exert pro-inflammatory functions and contribute to the pathology of asthma and allergy, which has already been started to be pharmacologically targeted. The contribution of ILCs to the control of viral infection constitutes another emerging topic. Finally, ILCs seem to play a dual role in cancer with beneficial and detrimental contributions depending on the clinical setting. The exploitation of the therapeutic potential of ILCs will constitute an exciting task in the foreseeable future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Bianca Bennstein
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Uhrberg
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Schulz-Kuhnt A, Neurath MF, Wirtz S, Atreya I. Innate Lymphoid Cells as Regulators of Epithelial Integrity: Therapeutic Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:656745. [PMID: 33869257 PMCID: PMC8044918 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.656745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of epithelial defects in the gut relevantly contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), whereby the impairment of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity seems to represent a primary trigger as well as a disease amplifying consequence of the chronic inflammatory process. Besides epithelial cell intrinsic factors, accumulated and overwhelmingly activated immune cells and their secretome have been identified as critical modulators of the pathologically altered intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) function in IBD. In this context, over the last 10 years increasing levels of attention have been paid to the group of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). This is in particular due to a preferential location of these rather newly described innate immune cells in close proximity to mucosal barriers, their profound capacity to secrete effector cytokines and their numerical and functional alteration under chronic inflammatory conditions. Aiming on a comprehensive and updated summary of our current understanding of the bidirectional mucosal crosstalk between ILCs and IECs, this review article will in particular focus on the potential capacity of gut infiltrating type-1, type-2, and type-3 helper ILCs (ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s, respectively) to impact on the survival, differentiation, and barrier function of IECs. Based on data acquired in IBD patients or in experimental models of colitis, we will discuss whether the different ILC subgroups could serve as potential therapeutic targets for maintenance of epithelial integrity and/or mucosal healing in IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Schulz-Kuhnt
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Imke Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Hageman JH, Heinz MC, Kretzschmar K, van der Vaart J, Clevers H, Snippert HJG. Intestinal Regeneration: Regulation by the Microenvironment. Dev Cell 2021; 54:435-446. [PMID: 32841594 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Damage to the intestinal stem cell niche can result from mechanical stress, infections, chronic inflammation or cytotoxic therapies. Progenitor cells can compensate for insults to the stem cell population through dedifferentiation. The microenvironment modulates this regenerative response by influencing the activity of signaling pathways, including Wnt, Notch, and YAP/TAZ. For instance, mesenchymal cells and immune cells become more abundant after damage and secrete signaling molecules that promote the regenerative process. Furthermore, regeneration is influenced by the nutritional state, microbiome, and extracellular matrix. Here, we review how all these components cooperate to restore epithelial homeostasis in the intestine after injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joris H Hageman
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maria C Heinz
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kai Kretzschmar
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, the Netherlands; Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and UMC Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands; Mildred-Scheel Early Career Centre (MSNZ) for Cancer Research, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jelte van der Vaart
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, the Netherlands; Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and UMC Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, the Netherlands; Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and UMC Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hugo J G Snippert
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Urbauer E, Rath E, Haller D. Mitochondrial Metabolism in the Intestinal Stem Cell Niche-Sensing and Signaling in Health and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:602814. [PMID: 33469536 PMCID: PMC7813778 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.602814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism, dynamics, and stress responses in the intestinal stem cell niche play a pivotal role in regulating intestinal epithelial cell homeostasis, including self-renewal and differentiation. In addition, mitochondria are increasingly recognized for their involvement in sensing the metabolic environment and their capability of integrating host and microbial-derived signals. Gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer are characterized by alterations of intestinal stemness, the microbial milieu, and mitochondrial metabolism. Thus, mitochondrial function emerges at the interface of determining health and disease, and failure to adapt mitochondrial function to environmental cues potentially results in aberrant tissue responses. A mechanistic understanding of the underlying role of mitochondrial fitness in intestinal pathologies is still in its infancy, and therapies targeting mitochondrial (dys)function are currently lacking. This review discusses mitochondrial signaling and metabolism in intestinal stem cells and Paneth cells as critical junction translating host- and microbe-derived signals into epithelial responses. Consequently, we propose mitochondrial fitness as a hallmark for intestinal epithelial cell plasticity, determining the regenerative capacity of the epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Urbauer
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Eva Rath
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Dirk Haller
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.,ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Xian Y, Lv X, Xie M, Xiao F, Kong C, Ren Y. Physiological function and regulatory signal of intestinal type 3 innate lymphoid cell(s). Life Sci 2020; 262:118504. [PMID: 32991877 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Of the three groups of innate lymphoid cells, the type 3 innate lymphoid cell(s) (ILC3) include the subgroup of enteric ILC3 that participates in many physiological functions of the organism, such as promoting the repair of damaged mucosa, maintaining the homeostasis of gut symbiotic microorganisms, and presenting specific antigens. ILC3 also includes splenic and decidual ILC3. Like other physiological processes in the organism, enteric ILC3 functions are precisely regulated at the endogenous and exogenous levels. However, there has been no review on the physiological functions and regulatory signals of intestinal ILC3. In this paper, based on the current research on the physiological functions of enteric ILC3 in animals and the human, we summarize the signals that regulate cytokine secretion, antigen presentation and the quantity of ILC3 under normal intestinal conditions. We discuss for the first time the classification of the promoting mechanism of secretagogues of ILC3 into direct and indirect types. We also propose that ILC3 can promote intestinal homeostasis, and intestinal homeostasis can ensure the physiological phenotype of ILC3. If homeostasis is disturbed, ILC3 may participate in intestinal pathological changes. Therefore, regulating ILC3 and maintaining intestinal homeostasis are critical to the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Xian
- Department of General Surgery, and Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas and Intestinal Disease, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Lv
- Department of General Surgery, and Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas and Intestinal Disease, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, PR China
| | - Minjia Xie
- School of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, PR China
| | - Fuyang Xiao
- School of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, PR China
| | - Chenyang Kong
- School of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, PR China
| | - Yixing Ren
- Department of General Surgery, and Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas and Intestinal Disease, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Tang D, Zeng T, Wang Y, Cui H, Wu J, Zou B, Tao Z, Zhang L, Garside GB, Tao S. Dietary restriction increases protective gut bacteria to rescue lethal methotrexate-induced intestinal toxicity. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1714401. [PMID: 31983316 PMCID: PMC7524152 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1714401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a typical chemotherapeutic drug that is widely used in the treatment of various malignant diseases as well as autoimmune diseases, with gastrointestinal toxicity being its most prominent complication which could have a significant effect on the prognosis of patients. Yet effective ways to alleviate such complications remains to be explored. Here we show that 30% dietary restriction (DR) for 2 weeks dramatically increased the survival rate of 2-month-old female mice after lethal-dose MTX exposure. DR significantly reduced intestinal inflammation, preserved the number of basal crypt PCNA-positive cells, and protected the function of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) after MTX treatment. Furthermore, ablating intestinal microbiota by broad-spectrum antibiotics completely eliminated the protective effect achieved by DR. 16S rRNA gene deep-sequencing analysis revealed that short-term DR significantly increased the Lactobacillus genus, with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG gavage partially mimicking the rescue effect of DR on the intestines of ad libitum fed mice exposed to lethal-dose MTX. Together, the current study reveals that DR could be a highly effective way to alleviate the lethal injury in the intestine after high-dose MTX treatment, which is functionally mediated by increasing the protective intestinal microbiota taxa in mice. Keywords: Dietary restriction, Methotrexate, Gut microbiota, Intestinal stem cells, intestinal toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duozhuang Tang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China,Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ting Zeng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China,Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Cui
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianying Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bing Zou
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhendong Tao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - George B. Garside
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Si Tao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China,CONTACT Si Tao Min-De Road. 1, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province330006, China
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Wang Q, Colonna M. Keeping time in group 3 innate lymphoid cells. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20:720-726. [DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-0397-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
65
|
Takashima S, Martin ML, Jansen SA, Fu Y, Bos J, Chandra D, O'Connor MH, Mertelsmann AM, Vinci P, Kuttiyara J, Devlin SM, Middendorp S, Calafiore M, Egorova A, Kleppe M, Lo Y, Shroyer NF, Cheng EH, Levine RL, Liu C, Kolesnick R, Lindemans CA, Hanash AM. T cell-derived interferon-γ programs stem cell death in immune-mediated intestinal damage. Sci Immunol 2020; 4:4/42/eaay8556. [PMID: 31811055 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aay8556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite the importance of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) for epithelial maintenance, there is limited understanding of how immune-mediated damage affects ISCs and their niche. We found that stem cell compartment injury is a shared feature of both alloreactive and autoreactive intestinal immunopathology, reducing ISCs and impairing their recovery in T cell-mediated injury models. Although imaging revealed few T cells near the stem cell compartment in healthy mice, donor T cells infiltrating the intestinal mucosa after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) primarily localized to the crypt region lamina propria. Further modeling with ex vivo epithelial cultures indicated ISC depletion and impaired human as well as murine organoid survival upon coculture with activated T cells, and screening of effector pathways identified interferon-γ (IFNγ) as a principal mediator of ISC compartment damage. IFNγ induced JAK1- and STAT1-dependent toxicity, initiating a proapoptotic gene expression program and stem cell death. BMT with IFNγ-deficient donor T cells, with recipients lacking the IFNγ receptor (IFNγR) specifically in the intestinal epithelium, and with pharmacologic inhibition of JAK signaling all resulted in protection of the stem cell compartment. In addition, epithelial cultures with Paneth cell-deficient organoids, IFNγR-deficient Paneth cells, IFNγR-deficient ISCs, and purified stem cell colonies all indicated direct targeting of the ISCs that was not dependent on injury to the Paneth cell niche. Dysregulated T cell activation and IFNγ production are thus potent mediators of ISC injury, and blockade of JAK/STAT signaling within target tissue stem cells can prevent this T cell-mediated pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Takashima
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M L Martin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - S A Jansen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Division of Pediatrics, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Y Fu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - J Bos
- Division of Pediatrics, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - D Chandra
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M H O'Connor
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - A M Mertelsmann
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - P Vinci
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - J Kuttiyara
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - S M Devlin
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - S Middendorp
- Division of Pediatrics, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - M Calafiore
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - A Egorova
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M Kleppe
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Y Lo
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - N F Shroyer
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - E H Cheng
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - R L Levine
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - C Liu
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - R Kolesnick
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - C A Lindemans
- Division of Pediatrics, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - A M Hanash
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Wei HX, Wang B, Li B. IL-10 and IL-22 in Mucosal Immunity: Driving Protection and Pathology. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1315. [PMID: 32670290 PMCID: PMC7332769 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The barrier surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract are in constant contact with various microorganisms. Cytokines orchestrate the mucosal adaptive and innate immune cells in the defense against pathogens. IL-10 and IL-22 are the best studied members of the IL-10 family and play essential roles in maintaining mucosal homeostasis. IL-10 serves as an important regulator in preventing pro-inflammatory responses while IL-22 plays a protective role in tissue damage and contributes to pathology in certain settings. In this review, we focus on these two cytokines in the development of gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colitis-associated cancer (CAC). We summarize the recent studies and try to gain a better understanding on how they regulate immune responses to maintain equilibrium under inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Xing Wei
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Baolong Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bofeng Li
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Creyns B, Cremer J, De Hertogh G, Boon L, Ferrante M, Vermeire S, Van Assche G, Ceuppens JL, Breynaert C. Fibrogenesis in chronic murine colitis is independent of innate lymphoid cells. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2020; 8:393-407. [PMID: 32567222 PMCID: PMC7416052 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Insight in the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis is an unmet medical need in inflammatory bowel diseases. Studies in murine models and human organ fibrosis point to a potential role of innate lymphoid cells (ILC) in chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. Materials and Methods Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water was used to induce chronic colitis and remodeling in C57Bl/6 wild type (WT), RAG‐deficient, RAG−/− common γ chain deficient and anti‐CD90.2 monoclonal antibody treated RAG−/− mice. Inflammation was scored by macroscopic and histological examination and fibrosis was evaluated by hydroxyproline quantification and histology. Results In RAG−/− mice (which have a normal ILC population but no adaptive immunity), chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis developed similarly as in WT mice, with a relative increase in ILC2 during repeated DSS exposure. Chronic colitis could also be induced in the absence of ILC (RAG−/−γc−/− or anti‐CD90.2 treated RAG−/− mice) with no attenuation of fibrosis. Importantly, clinical recovery based on weight gain after stopping DSS exposure was impaired in ILC‐deficient or ILC‐depleted mice. Conclusion These data argue against a profibrotic effect of ILC in chronic colitis, but rather suggest that ILC have a protective and recovery‐enhancing effect after repeated intestinal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brecht Creyns
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Cremer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert De Hertogh
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Marc Ferrante
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Séverine Vermeire
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert Van Assche
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan L Ceuppens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Breynaert
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Innate lymphoid cells control signaling circuits to regulate tissue-specific immunity. Cell Res 2020; 30:475-491. [PMID: 32376911 PMCID: PMC7264134 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifaceted organization of the immune system involves not only patrolling lymphocytes that constantly monitor antigen-presenting cells in secondary lymphoid organs but also immune cells that establish permanent tissue-residency. The integration in the respective tissue and the adaption to the organ milieu enable tissue-resident cells to establish signaling circuits with parenchymal cells to coordinate immune responses and maintain tissue homeostasis. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are tissue-resident innate immune cells that have a similar functional diversity to T cells including lineage-specifying transcription factors that drive certain effector programs. Since their formal discovery 10 years ago, it has become clear that ILCs are present in almost every tissue but strongly enriched at barrier surfaces, where they regulate immunity to infection, chronic inflammation, and tissue maintenance. In this context, recent research has identified ILCs as key in orchestrating tissue homeostasis through their ability to sustain bidirectional interactions with epithelial cells, neurons, stromal cells, adipocytes, and many other tissue-resident cells. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion of recent studies that define the development and heterogeneity of ILC populations and their impact on innate and adaptive immunity. Further, we discuss emerging research on the influence of the nervous system, circadian rhythm, and developmental plasticity on ILC function. Uncovering the signaling circuits that control development and function of ILCs will provide an integrated view on how immune responses in tissues are synchronized with functional relevance far beyond the classical view of the role of the immune system in discrimination between self/non-self and host defense.
Collapse
|
69
|
Innate lymphoid cells in treatment-induced gastrointestinal pathogenesis. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2020; 14:135-141. [PMID: 32332212 DOI: 10.1097/spc.0000000000000499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tissue injury often occurs as collateral damage after chemotherapy and radiotherapy and is associated with significant comorbidity and mortality. The arsenal of options to prevent tissue injury other than dose reduction is limited, and treatment is mostly aimed at symptom relief and prevention of complications, such as bacterial translocation and malnourishment. Novel approaches directed at prevention and early repair of damaged tissues are highly anticipated. RECENT FINDINGS Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are important in tissue homeostasis and wound healing. Most knowledge of ILC is based on studies in mice, and the contribution of ILC to repair therapy-induced tissue damage in humans is relatively understudied. A picture is nevertheless emerging, suggesting that ILC have several means to maintain tissue homeostasis. Subsets of ILC produce, for example, interleukin (IL)-22 or amphiregulin (AREG) that induce epithelial tissue repair and the release of microbiome modulating proteins. In addition, ILC have immune-regulatory capacities given that adoptive transfer of ILC in a mouse model of graft versus host disease (GvHD) attenuated tissue inflammation. SUMMARY ILC are important in tissue maintenance and damage repair and as such have the potential to be developed as (adoptive) therapy to prevent and repair therapy-induced tissue damage.
Collapse
|
70
|
Zundler S, Tauschek V, Neurath MF. Immune Cell Circuits in Mucosal Wound Healing: Clinical Implications. Visc Med 2020; 36:129-136. [PMID: 32355670 DOI: 10.1159/000506846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An intact mucosal barrier is essential for homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract. Various pathological conditions such as infection or immune-mediated inflammation as well as therapeutic interventions like bowel surgery can result in injury of the intestinal mucosa. To counteract potential negative sequelae and to restore integrity of the tissue, a tightly regulated machinery of mechanisms exists, which crucially depends on the presence and absence of various immune cell subsets in different phases of intestinal wound healing. Cell trafficking is an increasingly acknowledged process that steers the localization of cells in tissues and the circulation. Thus, such cell circuits also crucially impact on the recruitment of immune cells in wound healing. Summary We performed a selective literature research. In our review, we will shortly delineate some basic principles of intestinal immune cell trafficking before discussing the contribution of different immune cells to wound healing. Finally, we will discuss potential clinical implications of immune cell trafficking and wound healing interactions in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and bowel surgery. Key Messages Intestinal wound healing has immense importance in pathological conditions like IBD, anastomotic healing, and others. Immune cell trafficking is indispensable for the correct temporal and spatial interaction of the cells involved. Further research is required to understand the final consequences of interfering with immune cell trafficking for intestinal wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research & Translational Research Center, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Verena Tauschek
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research & Translational Research Center, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research & Translational Research Center, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Shi R, Bian X, Feng S, Yang X, Zhao T, Guo M. The Involvement of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Airway Inflammation of Asthma. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2020; 40:188-194. [PMID: 32150691 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The airway inflammatory response is closely associated with asthma. The purpose of this article was to study the roles of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in the process of airway inflammatory response in asthma. We established the asthmatic mice model with intraperitoneal injected ovalbumin medium, then with the flow cytometry analysis, we detected the ILCs and their surface proteins in the mice blood samples, besides, we analyzed the amounts of inflammatory cytokines and secreted proteins in the mice bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood serum. Moreover, Western blot analyzed the proteins in the mice bronchial epithelial tissues. The ILC2 amounts were obviously increased in young asthmatic mice model. And, the proteins CD25 and CCR10 were highly expressed in the sorted ILC2s. Besides, the cytokines interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, IL-33, CCL22, and CCL27 were abundant in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthmatic mice model. And, the secretion of IL-5, IL-13, IL-33, TSLP, and CCL22 in blood serum was much more in asthmatic mice model than in the normal control mice, whereas the secretion of PGD2 was suppressed in asthmatic mice bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood serum. Additionally, the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins Gα12 and Gα13 were upregulated in asthmatic mice bronchial tissues, and the protein SERCA2 was downregulated; moreover, the proteins NFAT, IRF4, and its downstream signal STAT6 were all upregulated in the asthmatic mice bronchial tissues. ILC2s were involved in the response of airway inflammation through secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines to dysregulate the Ca2+ homeostasis in airway in the process of asthma. [Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuhua Bian
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuang Feng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Keir ME, Yi T, Lu TT, Ghilardi N. The role of IL-22 in intestinal health and disease. J Exp Med 2020; 217:e20192195. [PMID: 32997932 PMCID: PMC7062536 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20192195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytokine interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a critical regulator of epithelial homeostasis. It has been implicated in multiple aspects of epithelial barrier function, including regulation of epithelial cell growth and permeability, production of mucus and antimicrobial proteins (AMPs), and complement production. In this review, we focus specifically on the role of IL-22 in the intestinal epithelium. We summarize recent advances in our understanding of how IL-22 regulates homeostasis and host defense, and we discuss the IL-22 pathway as a therapeutic target in diseases of the intestine, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Keir
- Biomarker Discovery, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA
| | - Tangsheng Yi
- Department of Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA
| | - Timothy T. Lu
- Early Clinical Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA
| | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Powell N, Pantazi E, Pavlidis P, Tsakmaki A, Li K, Yang F, Parker A, Pin C, Cozzetto D, Minns D, Stolarczyk E, Saveljeva S, Mohamed R, Lavender P, Afzali B, Digby-Bell J, Tjir-Li T, Kaser A, Friedman J, MacDonald TT, Bewick GA, Lord GM. Interleukin-22 orchestrates a pathological endoplasmic reticulum stress response transcriptional programme in colonic epithelial cells. Gut 2020; 69:578-590. [PMID: 31792136 PMCID: PMC7034350 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The functional role of interleukin-22 (IL22) in chronic inflammation is controversial, and mechanistic insights into how it regulates target tissue are lacking. In this study, we evaluated the functional role of IL22 in chronic colitis and probed mechanisms of IL22-mediated regulation of colonic epithelial cells. DESIGN To investigate the functional role of IL22 in chronic colitis and how it regulates colonic epithelial cells, we employed a three-dimentional mini-gut epithelial organoid system, in vivo disease models and transcriptomic datasets in human IBD. RESULTS As well as inducing transcriptional modules implicated in antimicrobial responses, IL22 also coordinated an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response transcriptional programme in colonic epithelial cells. In the colon of patients with active colonic Crohn's disease (CD), there was enrichment of IL22-responsive transcriptional modules and ER stress response modules. Strikingly, in an IL22-dependent model of chronic colitis, targeting IL22 alleviated colonic epithelial ER stress and attenuated colitis. Pharmacological modulation of the ER stress response similarly impacted the severity of colitis. In patients with colonic CD, antibody blockade of IL12p40, which simultaneously blocks IL12 and IL23, the key upstream regulator of IL22 production, alleviated the colonic epithelial ER stress response. CONCLUSIONS Our data challenge perceptions of IL22 as a predominantly beneficial cytokine in IBD and provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of IL22-mediated pathogenicity in chronic colitis. Targeting IL22-regulated pathways and alleviating colonic epithelial ER stress may represent promising therapeutic strategies in patients with colitis. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02749630.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nick Powell
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eirini Pantazi
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Anastasia Tsakmaki
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Katherine Li
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Feifei Yang
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aimee Parker
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Carmen Pin
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Domenico Cozzetto
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Translational Bioinformatics, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Danielle Minns
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emilie Stolarczyk
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Svetlana Saveljeva
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rami Mohamed
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Lavender
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Behdad Afzali
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Digby-Bell
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tsui Tjir-Li
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Arthur Kaser
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joshua Friedman
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas T MacDonald
- Centre for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Bart's & the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, London, UK
| | - Gavin A Bewick
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Graham M Lord
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Domingues RG, Hepworth MR. Immunoregulatory Sensory Circuits in Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cell (ILC3) Function and Tissue Homeostasis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:116. [PMID: 32117267 PMCID: PMC7015949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen a revolution in our understanding of how cells of the immune system are modulated and regulated not only via complex interactions with other immune cells, but also through a range of potent inputs derived from diverse and varied biological systems. Within complex tissue environments, such as the gastrointestinal tract and lung, these systems act to orchestrate and temporally align immune responses, regulate cellular function, and ensure tissue homeostasis and protective immunity. Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC3s) are key sentinels of barrier tissue homeostasis and critical regulators of host-commensal mutualism—and respond rapidly to damage, inflammation and infection to restore tissue health. Recent findings place ILC3s as strategic integrators of environmental signals. As a consequence, ILC3s are ideally positioned to detect perturbations in cues derived from the environment—such as the diet and microbiota—as well as signals produced by the host nervous, endocrine and circadian systems. Together these cues act in concert to induce ILC3 effector function, and form critical sensory circuits that continually function to reinforce tissue homeostasis. In this review we will take a holistic, organismal view of ILC3 biology and explore the tissue sensory circuits that regulate ILC3 function and align ILC3 responses with changes within the intestinal environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita G Domingues
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew R Hepworth
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Romera-Hernández M, Aparicio-Domingo P, Papazian N, Karrich JJ, Cornelissen F, Hoogenboezem RM, Samsom JN, Cupedo T. Yap1-Driven Intestinal Repair Is Controlled by Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells. Cell Rep 2020; 30:37-45.e3. [PMID: 31914395 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue repair requires temporal control of progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation to replenish damaged cells. In response to acute insult, group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) regulate intestinal stem cell maintenance and subsequent tissue repair. ILC3-derived IL-22 is important for stem cell protection, but the mechanisms of ILC3-driven tissue regeneration remain incompletely defined. Here we report that ILC3-driven epithelial proliferation and tissue regeneration are independent of IL-22. In contrast, ILC3s amplify the magnitude of Hippo-Yap1 signaling in intestinal crypt cells, ensuring adequate initiation of tissue repair and preventing excessive pathology. Mechanistically, ILC3-driven tissue repair is Stat3 independent, but it involves activation of Src family kinases. Our findings reveal that ILC3-driven intestinal repair entails distinct transcriptional networks to control stem cell maintenance and epithelial regeneration, which implies that tissue repair and crypt proliferation can be influenced by targeting innate immune cells independent of the well-established effects of IL-22.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Romera-Hernández
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Natalie Papazian
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julien J Karrich
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ferry Cornelissen
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Remco M Hoogenboezem
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janneke N Samsom
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Cupedo
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Abstract
Much of our knowledge regarding the interactions between epithelial tissues and the immune system has been gathered from animal models and co-cultures with cell lines. However, unique features of human cells cannot be modelled in mice, and cell lines are often transformed or genetically immortalized. Organoid technology has emerged as a powerful tool to maintain epithelial cells in a near-native state. In this Review, we discuss how organoids are being used in immunological research to understand the role of epithelial cell-immune cell interactions in tissue development and homeostasis, as well as in diseases such as cancer.
Collapse
|
77
|
McFarland AP, Colonna M. Sense and immuno-sensibility: innate lymphoid cell niches and circuits. Curr Opin Immunol 2019; 62:9-14. [PMID: 31825814 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-resident lymphocytes that lack expression of rearranged antigen receptors and are lineage negative for classical T and B cell markers are collectively known as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). The ILC family is remarkably heterogeneous and exhibits plasticity; however, mature ILCs can be grouped based on their steady state expression of distinct surface receptors and transcription factors as well as production of signature cytokines following activation. The study of ILC subsets in mouse and human tissues has revealed that the elicitation and magnitude of their effector functions are determined by a combination of extrinsic cues specific to the niches in which they reside. In this short review, we will summarize some recent findings related to tissue-specific signals that govern ILC responses and localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adelle P McFarland
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
The Role of Immune Cells and Cytokines in Intestinal Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236097. [PMID: 31816903 PMCID: PMC6929186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal wound healing is a complicated process that not only involves epithelial cells but also immune cells. In this brief review, we will focus on discussing the contribution and regulation of four major immune cell types (neutrophils, macrophages, regulatory T cells, and innate lymphoid cells) and four cytokines (interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-22) to the wound repair process in the gut. Better understanding of these immune factors will be important for developing novel targeted therapy.
Collapse
|
79
|
Resolution of acute intestinal graft-versus-host disease. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41:655-664. [PMID: 31673757 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00769-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (allo-HCT) represents an increasingly employed therapeutic approach to potentially cure patients suffering from life-threatening malignant and autoimmune disorders. Despite its lifesaving potential, immune-mediated allo-reactivity inherent to the allogeneic transplantation can be observed within up to 50% of all allo-HCT patients regularly resulting in the manifestation of acute and/or chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Mechanistically, especially donor T cells are assumed to chiefly drive inflammation that can occur in virtually all organs, with the skin, liver, and gut representing as the most frequently affected anatomic sites. Especially in the presence of intestinal manifestations of GvHD, the risk that the disease takes a life-threatening, potentially fatal course is significantly increased. In the light of a rapid gain of knowledge in respect to decode innate and adaptive immunity related mechanisms as, e.g., cytokine networks, intracellular signaling pathways or environmental triggers as, e.g., the intestinal microbiota and the development of novel therapeutic approaches, detailed insight into endogenous mechanisms seeking to counterbalance the proinflammatory machinery or to proactively foster signals promoting the resolution of allo-driven intestinal inflammation is emerging. Here, we seek to highlight the key aspects of those mechanisms involved in and contributing to the resolution of GvHD-associated intestinal inflammation. Concomitantly, we would like to briefly outline and discuss promising future experimental targets suitable to be therapeutically employed to directionally deflect the tissue response from a proinflammatory to an inflammation-resolving type of intestinal GvHD after allo-HCT.
Collapse
|
80
|
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) targets the crypts in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that are responsible for the self-renewal of the intestinal mucosa. Recent advances in the identification and culture of intestinal stem cells have improved our understanding of the interactions between the microbiome and the immune system (both innate and adaptive) that are key to the pathophysiology of GVHD. The identification of serum biomarkers that best predict long-term GVHD outcomes derive from the GI tract and have focused attention on cellular elements that act as shields against GVHD as well as its targets. These biomarkers have illuminated new mechanisms of crypt biology and provided insights that should prove useful both in the design of clinical trials and as guides to GVHD prevention and treatment.
Collapse
|
81
|
Willinger T. Metabolic Control of Innate Lymphoid Cell Migration. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2010. [PMID: 31507605 PMCID: PMC6713999 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are specialized immune cells that rapidly respond to environmental challenges, such as infection and tissue damage. ILCs play an important role in organ homeostasis, tissue repair, and host defense in the mucosal tissues intestine and lung. ILCs are sentinels of healthy tissue function, yet it is poorly understood how ILCs are recruited, strategically positioned, and maintained within tissues. Accordingly, ILC migration is an area that has recently come into focus and it is important to define the signals that control ILC migration to and within tissues. In this context, signals from the local tissue microenvironment are relevant. For example, ILCs in the intestine are exposed to an environment that is rich in dietary, microbial, and endogenous metabolites. It has been shown that the Vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid promotes ILC1 and ILC3 homing to the intestine. In addition, recent studies have discovered cholesterol metabolites (oxysterols) as a novel class of molecules that regulate ILC migration through the receptor GPR183. ILCs are considered to be largely tissue-resident cells, yet recent data indicate that ILCs actively migrate during inflammation. Furthermore, the discovery of circulating ILC precursors in humans and their presence within tissues has fueled the concept of local ILC-poiesis. However, it is unclear how circulating ILCs enter tissue during embryogenesis and inflammation and how they are directed to local tissue niches. In this review, I will discuss the metabolic signals that regulate ILC homing and their strategic positioning in healthy and inflamed tissues. It is becoming increasingly clear that ILC function is closely linked to their tissue localization. Therefore, understanding the tissue signals that control ILC migration could open new avenues for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Willinger
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Branzk N, Gronke K, Diefenbach A. Innate lymphoid cells, mediators of tissue homeostasis, adaptation and disease tolerance. Immunol Rev 2019; 286:86-101. [PMID: 30294961 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a recently identified group of tissue-resident innate lymphocytes. Available data support the view that ILC or their progenitors are deposited and retained in tissues early during ontogeny. Thereby, ILC become an integral cellular component of tissues and organs. Here, we will review the intriguing relationships between ILC and basic developmental and homeostatic processes within tissues. Studying ILC has already led to the appreciation of the integral roles of immune cells in tissue homeostasis, morphogenesis, metabolism, regeneration, and growth. This area of immunology has not yet been studied in-depth but is likely to reveal important networks contributing to disease tolerance and may be harnessed for future therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Branzk
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konrad Gronke
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Yang FC, Chiu PY, Chen Y, Mak TW, Chen NJ. TREM-1-dependent M1 macrophage polarization restores intestinal epithelium damaged by DSS-induced colitis by activating IL-22-producing innate lymphoid cells. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:46. [PMID: 31189465 PMCID: PMC6560756 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is highly expressed on macrophages in inflamed intestines and reportedly promotes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by augmenting pro-inflammatory responses. To study the mechanism mediated by TREM-1 on macrophages, we generated an independent TREM-1 deficient mouse. METHODS Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 and TREM-1-deficient mice by the administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Colonic lamina propria immune cell composition and cytokines were analyzed. An innate lymphoid cell (ILC) co-culture experiment with macrophages was used to analyze IL-22 levels. Exogenous IL-22 and TREM-1-expressing macrophages were supplied to TREM-1-deficient mice for examining their effects on intestinal barrier integrity. RESULTS In inflamed colons, TREM-1 loss compromised the activation of ILC3 and their production of IL-22, which is required for intestinal barrier integrity. ILC3-mediated IL-22 production depends on IL-1β secreted by M1-polarized macrophages, and we found that TREM-1 deficiency results in a decreased number of IL-1β producing-M1 macrophages in colons exposed to DSS. Accordingly, DSS-mediated damage was ameliorated by supplying exogenous IL-22 and TREM-1-expressing macrophages to TREM-1-deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS TREM-1 plays a crucial role in regulating IL-22 production by ILC3 through modulating M1-macrophage polarization during DSS-induced acute colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chen Yang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chiu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tak W. Mak
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1 Canada
| | - Nien-Jung Chen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
ILCs in hematologic malignancies: Tumor cell killers and tissue healers. Semin Immunol 2019; 41:101279. [PMID: 31200953 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have attracted considerable attention in the past years. As modulators of epithelial barrier immunology and homeostasis they play important roles in (auto)immunity and inflammation. Here we review the role of ILCs in hematologic malignancies, where ILCs act as efficient killer cells and as tissue healers, in the context of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
Collapse
|
85
|
Vivier E, Artis D, Colonna M, Diefenbach A, Di Santo JP, Eberl G, Koyasu S, Locksley RM, McKenzie ANJ, Mebius RE, Powrie F, Spits H. Innate Lymphoid Cells: 10 Years On. Cell 2019; 174:1054-1066. [PMID: 30142344 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1333] [Impact Index Per Article: 266.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are lymphocytes that do not express the type of diversified antigen receptors expressed on T cells and B cells. ILCs are largely tissue-resident cells and are deeply integrated into the fabric of tissues. The discovery and investigation of ILCs over the past decade has changed our perception of immune regulation and how the immune system contributes to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. We now know that cytokine-producing ILCs contribute to multiple immune pathways by, for example, sustaining appropriate immune responses to commensals and pathogens at mucosal barriers, potentiating adaptive immunity, and regulating tissue inflammation. Critically, the biology of ILCs also extends beyond classical immunology to metabolic homeostasis, tissue remodeling, and dialog with the nervous system. The last 10 years have also contributed to our greater understanding of the transcriptional networks that regulate lymphocyte commitment and delineation. This, in conjunction with the recent advances in our understanding of the influence of local tissue microenvironments on the plasticity and function of ILCs, has led to a re-evaluation of their existing categorization. In this review, we distill the advances in ILC biology over the past decade to refine the nomenclature of ILCs and highlight the importance of ILCs in tissue homeostasis, morphogenesis, metabolism, repair, and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Vivier
- Innate Pharma Research Labs, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, APHM, CIML, Hôpital de la Timone, Immunologie, Marseille-Immunopole, Marseille, France.
| | - David Artis
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Infection Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Eberl
- Microenvironment & Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Shigeo Koyasu
- Laboratory for Immune Cell Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Richard M Locksley
- HHMI and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Reina E Mebius
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fiona Powrie
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hergen Spits
- Department of Experimental Immunology Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Panda SK, Colonna M. Innate Lymphoid Cells in Mucosal Immunity. Front Immunol 2019; 10:861. [PMID: 31134050 PMCID: PMC6515929 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are innate counterparts of T cells that contribute to immune responses by secreting effector cytokines and regulating the functions of other innate and adaptive immune cells. ILCs carry out some unique functions but share some tasks with T cells. ILCs are present in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs and are particularly abundant at the mucosal barriers, where they are exposed to allergens, commensal microbes, and pathogens. The impact of ILCs in mucosal immune responses has been extensively investigated in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, as well as in the oral cavity. Here we review the state-of-the-art knowledge of ILC functions in infections, allergy and autoimmune disorders of the mucosal barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Panda
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Liver and Gut: From Current Knowledge to Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081896. [PMID: 30999584 PMCID: PMC6514972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) represent a heterogeneous population of recently discovered immune cells that mirror the functions of adaptive T lymphocytes. However, ILCs are devoid of specific antigen receptors and cellular activation depends on environmental cytokines, rendering them as early regulators of immune responses. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) respond to alarmins, such as interleukin-25 and -33 and shape Th2-associated immunity by expressing IL-5 and IL-13 in a GATA3-dependent manner. In addition, ILC2s express the epidermal growth factor-like molecule Amphiregulin thereby promoting regeneration of injured tissue during inflammation. The gut and liver confer nutrient metabolism and bidirectional exchange of products, known as the gut-liver axis. Accordingly, both organs are continuously exposed to a large variety of harmless antigens. This requires avoidance of immunity, which is established by a tolerogenic environment in the gut and liver. However, dysregulations within the one organ are assumed to influence vitality of the other and frequently promote chronic inflammatory settings with poor prognosis. Intensive research within the last years has revealed that ILC2s are involved in acute and chronic inflammatory settings of gut and liver. Here, we highlight the roles of ILC2s in intestinal and hepatic inflammation and discuss a regulatory potential.
Collapse
|
88
|
Ouyang W, O'Garra A. IL-10 Family Cytokines IL-10 and IL-22: from Basic Science to Clinical Translation. Immunity 2019; 50:871-891. [PMID: 30995504 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 554] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are among the most important effector and messenger molecules in the immune system. They profoundly participate in immune responses during infection and inflammation, protecting against or contributing to diseases such as allergy, autoimmunity, and cancer. Manipulating cytokine pathways, therefore, is one of the most effective strategies to treat various diseases. IL-10 family cytokines exert essential functions to maintain tissue homeostasis during infection and inflammation through restriction of excessive inflammatory responses, upregulation of innate immunity, and promotion of tissue repairing mechanisms. Their important functions in diseases are supported by data from many preclinical models, human genetic studies, and clinical interventions. Despite significant efforts, however, there is still no clinically approved therapy through manipulating IL-10 family cytokines. Here, we summarize the recent progress in understanding the biology of this family of cytokines, suggesting more specific strategies to maneuver these cytokines for the effective treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Ouyang
- Department of Inflammation and Oncology Research, Amgen, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Anne O'Garra
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Infection, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Valatas V, Kolios G, Bamias G. TL1A (TNFSF15) and DR3 (TNFRSF25): A Co-stimulatory System of Cytokines With Diverse Functions in Gut Mucosal Immunity. Front Immunol 2019; 10:583. [PMID: 30972074 PMCID: PMC6445966 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
TL1A and its functional receptor DR3 are members of the TNF/TNFR superfamilies of proteins. Binding of APC-derived TL1A to lymphocytic DR3 provides co-stimulatory signals for activated lymphocytes. DR3 signaling affects the proliferative activity of and cytokine production by effector lymphocytes, but also critically influences the development and suppressive function of regulatory T-cells. DR3 was also found to be highly expressed by innate lymphoid cells (ILCS), which respond to stimulation by TL1A. Several recent studies with transgenic and knockout mice as well as neutralizing or agonistic antibodies for these two proteins, have clearly shown that TL1A/DR3 are important mediators of several chronic immunological disorders, including Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). TL1A and DR3 are abundantly localized at inflamed intestinal areas of patients with IBD and mice with experimental ileitis or colitis and actively participate in the immunological pathways that underlie mucosal homeostasis and intestinal inflammation. DR3 signaling has demonstrated a dichotomous role in mucosal immunity. On the one hand, during acute mucosal injury it exerts protective functions by ameliorating the severity of acute inflammatory responses and facilitating tissue repair. On the other hand, it critically participates in the pro-inflammatory pathways that underlie chronic inflammatory responses, such as those that take place in IBD. These effects are mediated through modulation of the relative mucosal abundance and function of Th1, Th2, Th17, Th9, and Treg lymphocytes, but also of all types of ILCs. Recently, an important role was demonstrated for TL1A/DR3 as potential mediators of intestinal fibrosis that is associated with the presence of gut inflammation. These accumulating data have raised the possibility that TL1A/DR3 pathways may represent a valid therapeutic target for chronic immunological diseases. Nevertheless, applicability of such a therapeutic approach will greatly rely on the net result of TL1A/DR3 manipulation on the various cell populations that will be affected by this approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Valatas
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Kolios
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Giorgos Bamias
- GI-unit, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Innate lymphoid cells: A potential link between microbiota and immune responses against cancer. Semin Immunol 2019; 41:101271. [PMID: 30902413 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The adaptive immune system plays a crucial role in anti-tumor surveillance. Enhancement of T cell responses through checkpoint blockade has become a major therapeutic avenue of intervention for several tumors. Because it shapes immune responses and regulates their amplitude and duration, the microbiota has a substantial impact on anti-tumor immunity. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) comprise a heterogeneous population of lymphocytes devoid of antigen-specific receptors that mirror T helper cells in their ability to secrete cytokines that activate immune responses. Ongoing studies suggest that ILCs contribute to anti-tumor responses. Moreover, since ILCs are present at barrier surfaces, they are stimulated by the microbiota and, reciprocally, influence the composition of the microbiota by regulating the surface barrier microenvironment. Thus, ILC-microbiota cross-talk may in part underpin the effects of the microbiota on anti-tumor responses. In this article, we review current evidence linking ILCs to cancer and discuss the potential impact of ILC-microbiota cross-talk in anti-tumor immune responses.
Collapse
|
91
|
Kellermayer Z, Vojkovics D, Dakah TA, Bodó K, Botz B, Helyes Z, Berta G, Kajtár B, Schippers A, Wagner N, Scotto L, O'Connor OA, Arnold HH, Balogh P. IL-22-Independent Protection from Colitis in the Absence of Nkx2.3 Transcription Factor in Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 202:1833-1844. [PMID: 30700585 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nkx2.3 regulates the vascular specification of Peyer patches in mice through determining endothelial addressin preference and may function as a susceptibility factor in inflammatory bowel diseases in humans. We wished to analyze the role of Nkx2.3 in colonic solitary intestinal lymphoid tissue composition and in colitis pathogenesis. We studied the colonic solitary intestinal lymphoid tissue of Nkx2.3-deficient mice with immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Colitis was induced in mice using 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate, and severity was assessed with histology, flow cytometry, and quantitative PCR. We found that the lack of Nkx2.3 impairs maturation of isolated lymphoid follicles and attenuates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis independent of endothelial absence of mucosal addressin cell-adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), which was also coupled with enhanced colonic epithelial regeneration. Although we observed increased numbers of group 3 innate lymphoid cells and Th17 cells and enhanced transcription of IL-22, Ab-mediated neutralization of IL-22 did not abolish the protection from colitis in Nkx2.3-deficient mice. Nkx2.3-/- hematopoietic cells could not rescue wild-type mice from colitis. Using LacZ-Nkx2.3 reporter mice, we found that Nkx2.3 expression was restricted to VAP-1+ myofibroblast-like pericryptal cells. These results hint at a previously unknown stromal role of Nkx2.3 as driver of colitis and indicate that Nkx2.3+ stromal cells play a role in epithelial cell homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Dóra Vojkovics
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Tareq Abu Dakah
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Bodó
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Bálint Botz
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Department of Radiology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Gergely Berta
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Béla Kajtár
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Angela Schippers
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Luigi Scotto
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10019, NY
| | - Owen A O'Connor
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10019, NY; and
| | - Hans-Henning Arnold
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary;
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Curtis AD, Walter KA, Nabi R, Jensen K, Dwivedi A, Pollara J, Ferrari G, Van Rompay KK, Amara RR, Kozlowski PA, De Paris K. Oral Coadministration of an Intramuscular DNA/Modified Vaccinia Ankara Vaccine for Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Is Associated with Better Control of Infection in Orally Exposed Infant Macaques. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2019; 35:310-325. [PMID: 30303405 PMCID: PMC6434602 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2018.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infections in infants are acquired orally through breastfeeding. Toward development of a pediatric HIV vaccine to prevent breastmilk transmission, we tested the efficacy of a simultaneous oral and intramuscular (IM) vaccination regimen for preventing oral simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) transmission in infant rhesus macaques. Two groups of neonatal macaques were immunized with DNA encoding SIV virus-like particles (DNA-SIV) on weeks 0 and 3, then boosted with modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) virus expressing SIV antigens (MVA-SIV) on weeks 6 and 9. One group was prime/boosted by the IM route only. Another group was immunized with DNA by both the IM and topical oral (O) buccal routes, and boosted with MVA-SIV by both the IM and sublingual (SL) routes. A third group of control animals received saline by O + IM routes on weeks 0 and 3, and empty MVA by SL + IM routes on weeks 6 and 9. On week 12, infants were orally challenged once weekly with SIVmac251 until infected. The vaccine regimen that included oral routes resulted in reduced peak viremia. The rate of infection acquisition in vaccinated infants was found to be associated with prechallenge intestinal immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to SIV gp120 and V1V2. Peak viremia was inversely correlated with postinfection intestinal IgG responses to gp120, gp41, and V1V2. These results suggest that codelivery of a pediatric HIV vaccine by an oral route may be superior to IM-only regimens for generating mucosal antibodies and preventing HIV breastmilk transmission in neonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan D. Curtis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Korey A. Walter
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Rafiq Nabi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Kara Jensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Aanini Dwivedi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Justin Pollara
- Duke University Medical Center, Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Duke University Medical Center, Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Rama R. Amara
- Emory University and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Pamela A. Kozlowski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Kristina De Paris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Helper-like innate lymphoid cells and cancer immunotherapy. Semin Immunol 2019; 41:101274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
94
|
Lo BC, Shin SB, Canals Hernaez D, Refaeli I, Yu HB, Goebeler V, Cait A, Mohn WW, Vallance BA, McNagny KM. IL-22 Preserves Gut Epithelial Integrity and Promotes Disease Remission during Chronic Salmonella Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 202:956-965. [PMID: 30617224 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The cytokine IL-22 is rapidly induced at barrier surfaces where it regulates host-protective antimicrobial immunity and tissue repair but can also enhance disease severity in some chronic inflammatory settings. Using the chronic Salmonella gastroenteritis model, Ab-mediated neutralization of IL-22 impaired intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and, consequently, exaggerated expression of proinflammatory cytokines. As disease normally resolved, neutralization of IL-22 caused luminal narrowing of the cecum-a feature reminiscent of fibrotic strictures seen in Crohn disease patients. Corresponding to the exaggerated immunopathology caused by IL-22 suppression, Salmonella burdens in the gut were reduced. This enhanced inflammation and pathogen clearance was associated with alterations in gut microbiome composition, including the overgrowth of Bacteroides acidifaciens Our findings thus indicate that IL-22 plays a protective role by limiting infection-induced gut immunopathology but can also lead to persistent pathogen colonization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard C Lo
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Samuel B Shin
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Diana Canals Hernaez
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ido Refaeli
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hong B Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Verena Goebeler
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; and
| | - Alissa Cait
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - William W Mohn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Bruce A Vallance
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Kelly M McNagny
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Innate Lymphoid Cells: A Link between the Nervous System and Microbiota in Intestinal Networks. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:1978094. [PMID: 30804706 PMCID: PMC6360575 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1978094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a novel family of innate immune cells that act as key coordinators of intestinal mucosal surface immune defense and are essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis and barrier integrity by responding to locally produced effector cytokines or direct recognition of exogenous or endogenous danger patterns. ILCs are also involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Many studies have demonstrated the occurrence of crosstalk between ILCs and intestinal microbiota, and ILCs have recently been shown to be connected to the enteric nervous system (ENS). Thus, ILCs may act as a key link between the nervous system and microbiota in intestinal networks. In this review, we briefly summarize the role of the ILCs in the intestinal tract (particularly in the context of IBD) and discuss the relationship between ILCs and the microbiota/ENS.
Collapse
|
96
|
Ferrara JLM, Chaudhry MS. GVHD: biology matters. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2018; 2018:221-227. [PMID: 30504314 PMCID: PMC6245966 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2018.1.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) targets the crypts in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that are responsible for the self-renewal of the intestinal mucosa. Recent advances in the identification and culture of intestinal stem cells have improved our understanding of the interactions between the microbiome and the immune system (both innate and adaptive) that are key to the pathophysiology of GVHD. The identification of serum biomarkers that best predict long-term GVHD outcomes derive from the GI tract and have focused attention on cellular elements that act as shields against GVHD as well as its targets. These biomarkers have illuminated new mechanisms of crypt biology and provided insights that should prove useful both in the design of clinical trials and as guides to GVHD prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James L M Ferrara
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Mohammed S Chaudhry
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Hansen IS, Baeten DLP, den Dunnen J. The inflammatory function of human IgA. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 76:1041-1055. [PMID: 30498997 PMCID: PMC6513800 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2976-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The prevailing concept regarding the immunological function of immunoglobulin A (IgA) is that it binds to and neutralizes pathogens to prevent infection at mucosal sites of the body. However, recently, it has become clear that in humans IgA is also able to actively contribute to the initiation of inflammation, both at mucosal and non-mucosal sites. This additional function of IgA is initiated by the formation of immune complexes, which trigger Fc alpha Receptor I (FcαRI) to synergize with various other receptors to amplify inflammatory responses. Recent findings have demonstrated that co-stimulation of FcαRI strongly affects pro-inflammatory cytokine production by various myeloid cells, including different dendritic cell subsets, macrophages, monocytes, and Kupffer cells. FcαRI-induced inflammation plays a crucial role in orchestrating human host defense against pathogens, as well as the generation of tissue-specific immunity. In addition, FcαRI-induced inflammation is suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Combined, IgA-induced inflammation may be used to either promote inflammatory responses, e.g. in the context of cancer therapy, but may also provide new therapeutic targets to counteract chronic inflammation in the context of various chronic inflammatory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivo S Hansen
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dominique L P Baeten
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen den Dunnen
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Naik S, Larsen SB, Cowley CJ, Fuchs E. Two to Tango: Dialog between Immunity and Stem Cells in Health and Disease. Cell 2018; 175:908-920. [PMID: 30388451 PMCID: PMC6294328 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells regenerate tissues in homeostasis and under stress. By taking cues from their microenvironment or "niche," they smoothly transition between these states. Immune cells have surfaced as prominent members of stem cell niches across the body. Here, we draw parallels between different stem cell niches to explore the context-specific interactions that stem cells have with tissue-resident and recruited immune cells. We also highlight stem cells' innate ability to sense and respond to stress and the enduring memory that forms from such encounters. This fascinating crosstalk holds great promise for novel therapies in inflammatory diseases and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Naik
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Samantha B Larsen
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christopher J Cowley
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Disson O, Blériot C, Jacob JM, Serafini N, Dulauroy S, Jouvion G, Fevre C, Gessain G, Thouvenot P, Eberl G, Di Santo JP, Peduto L, Lecuit M. Peyer's patch myeloid cells infection by Listeria signals through gp38 + stromal cells and locks intestinal villus invasion. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2936-2954. [PMID: 30355616 PMCID: PMC6219733 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) crosses the intestinal villus epithelium via goblet cells (GCs) upon the interaction of Lm surface protein InlA with its receptor E-cadherin. Here, we show that Lm infection accelerates intestinal villus epithelium renewal while decreasing the number of GCs expressing luminally accessible E-cadherin, thereby locking Lm portal of entry. This novel innate immune response to an enteropathogen is triggered by the infection of Peyer's patch CX3CR1+ cells and the ensuing production of IL-23. It requires STAT3 phosphorylation in epithelial cells in response to IL-22 and IL-11 expressed by lamina propria gp38+ stromal cells. Lm-induced IFN-γ signaling and STAT1 phosphorylation in epithelial cells is also critical for Lm-associated intestinal epithelium response. GC depletion also leads to a decrease in colon mucus barrier thickness, thereby increasing host susceptibility to colitis. This study unveils a novel innate immune response to an enteropathogen, which implicates gp38+ stromal cells and locks intestinal villus invasion, but favors colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Disson
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Camille Blériot
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marie Jacob
- Institut Pasteur, Stroma, Inflammation and Tissue Repair Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1224, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Serafini
- Institut Pasteur, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Dulauroy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1224, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Microenvironnement and Immunity Unit, Paris, France
| | - Grégory Jouvion
- Institut Pasteur, Human Histopathology and Animal Models Unit, Paris, France
| | - Cindy Fevre
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Grégoire Gessain
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Thouvenot
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Eberl
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1224, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Microenvironnement and Immunity Unit, Paris, France
| | - James P Di Santo
- Institut Pasteur, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Peduto
- Institut Pasteur, Stroma, Inflammation and Tissue Repair Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1224, Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Bassolas-Molina H, Raymond E, Labadia M, Wahle J, Ferrer-Picón E, Panzenbeck M, Zheng J, Harcken C, Hughes R, Turner M, Smith D, Calderón-Gómez E, Esteller M, Carrasco A, Esteve M, Dotti I, Corraliza AM, Masamunt MC, Arajol C, Guardiola J, Ricart E, Nabozny G, Salas A. An RORγt Oral Inhibitor Modulates IL-17 Responses in Peripheral Blood and Intestinal Mucosa of Crohn's Disease Patients. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2307. [PMID: 30405600 PMCID: PMC6204372 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Despite the negative results of blocking IL-17 in Crohn's disease (CD) patients, selective modulation of Th17-dependent responses warrants further study. Inhibition of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγt), the master regulator of the Th17 signature, is currently being explored in inflammatory diseases. Our aim was to determine the effect of a novel oral RORγt antagonist (BI119) in human CD and on an experimental model of intestinal inflammation. Methods: 51 CD patients and 11 healthy subjects were included. The effects of BI119 were tested on microbial-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), intestinal crypts and biopsies from CD patients. The ability of BI119 to prevent colitis in vivo was assessed in the CD4+CD45RBhigh T cell transfer model. Results: In bacterial antigen-stimulated PBMCs from CD patients, BI119 inhibits Th17-related genes and proteins, while upregulating Treg and preserving Th1 and Th2 signatures. Intestinal crypts cultured with supernatants from BI119-treated commensal-specific CD4+ T cells showed decreased expression of CXCL1, CXCL8 and CCL20. BI119 significantly reduced IL17 and IL26 transcription in colonic and ileal CD biopsies and did not affect IL22. BI119 has a more profound effect in ileal CD with additional significant downregulation of IL23R, CSF2, CXCL1, CXCL8, and S100A8, and upregulation of DEFA5. BI119 significantly prevented development of clinical, macroscopic and molecular markers of colitis in the T-cell transfer model. Conclusions: BI119 modulated CD-relevant Th17 signatures, including downregulation of IL23R while preserving mucosa-associated IL-22 responses, and abrogated experimental colitis. Our results provide support to the use of RORγt antagonists as a novel therapy to CD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernest Raymond
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Mark Labadia
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Joseph Wahle
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Elena Ferrer-Picón
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark Panzenbeck
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Christian Harcken
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Robert Hughes
- Department of Small Molecule Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Michael Turner
- Department of Small Molecule Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Dustin Smith
- Department of Small Molecule Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | | | - Míriam Esteller
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Carrasco
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Esteve
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabella Dotti
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Maria Corraliza
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Carme Masamunt
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clàudia Arajol
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Guardiola
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Ricart
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerald Nabozny
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Azucena Salas
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|