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Materialism and adolescent problematic smartphone use: The mediating role of fear of missing out and the moderating role of narcissism. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Wang X. Developing a mobile SNS addiction scale utilizing factor analysis and the Rasch model. ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/oir-10-2018-0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a mobile social networking service (SNS) addiction scale to measure respondents’ addiction levels.
Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on the existing literature on the components model of addiction by Griffiths (2005) and mobile SNS addiction, an initial scale in a five-point Likert-format was developed. It was refined through the pilot study with 100 participants and the main study with 423 participants utilizing factor analysis and Rasch analysis.
Findings
Mobile SNS addiction as a behavioral addiction, demonstrated six addiction symptoms: modification, salience, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict and relapse, which were interrelated with each other. The mobile SNS addiction scale developed in this study was found to be psychometrically robust and unidimensional.
Practical implications
The mobile SNS addiction scale consists of nine items, thus making it easier and more convenient to be applied to academic research and clinical practice.
Originality/value
The combined use of factor analysis and the Rasch model could largely reduce potential negative effects associated with limitations of classical test theory and improve the chance of developing a psychometrically robust instrument. The mobile SNS addiction scale covers a range of types of SNSs, thus being more generic. The items in the scale are unidimensionally loaded on the latent construct of mobile SNS addiction and demonstrate measurement invariance across respondents of different demographics.
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Physical Exercise Decreases the Mobile Phone Dependence of University Students in China: The Mediating Role of Self-Control. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16214098. [PMID: 31652978 PMCID: PMC6862431 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationship between physical exercise (PE) and mobile phone dependence (MPD) in Chinese university students and verify the potential role of self-control (SC) in mediating the decrease of MPD by PE. Through the quota sampling, 608 students that complied with the requirements were surveyed from 10 universities in China. PE, MPD, and SC were assessed using standard scales. For data analysis, t-tests, correlation analysis, hierarchical regression, and regression analysis were carried out in turn. The results showed significant gender differences in PE, MPD, and SC. For male students, the level of PE and score of SC were higher than those in females, yet the MPD score was lower. PE and SC were negatively related to MPD (r = -0.124, p < 0.01; r = -0.563, p < 0.001), so both could remarkably predict MPD (β = -1.00, p < 0.05; β = -0.552, p < 0.001). Gender was also a significant predictor for MPD (β = 0.089, p < 0.05). PE could, to some extent, decrease MPD, in which SC played a significant mediating role-its mediating effect accounted for nearly 71% of the total effect. The present study shows that PE is negatively correlated with MPD, and SC mediates the decrease of MPD by PE for university students in China. This indicates that the improvement of SC by PE could be a highly trustworthy and practicable way to effectively address the issue of MPD in university students or other young people across the world.
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Parent N, Shapka J. Moving beyond addiction: An attachment theory framework for understanding young adults' relationships with their smartphones. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hbe2.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Parent
- Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special EducationUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Jennifer Shapka
- Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special EducationUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
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Abstract
AbstractAs the use of digital technology has increased, abuse and addiction to technology have been identified among a minority of users. In the mid-1990s, the concept of internet addiction was first used. Today, almost every digital technology use has been claimed to have a minority of disordered users. One key aspect of addictive substance behaviors is craving. Craving is also an important component of behavioral addictions including digital technology disorders such as Internet Gaming Disorder. The aim of the present study was to develop the Turkish version of the Craving for Internet Gaming Scale (CIGS) via an adaptation of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS). The present study comprised 368 adolescents from four different samples. The measures used included the Craving for Internet Gaming Scale, Digital Game Addiction Scale, and Brief Self-Control Scale. The structural validity of CIGS was investigated with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and criterion validity. The reliability of CIGS was evaluated using Cronbach α internal consistency reliability coefficient and corrected item total correlation coefficients. As a result of EFA, it was found that the five-item CIGS had a single-factor structure. The unidimensional CIGS obtained as a result of EFA was tested with CFA. As a result of CFA, the unidimensional structure of CIGS was confirmed in two different samples. Criterion validity of CIGS was assessed via digital gaming addiction, self-discipline, impulsiveness, daily internet gaming duration, and internet gaming history. As a result of criterion analysis, CIGS was associated with these variables in the expected direction. Finally, according to reliability analysis, the CIGS was found to be a reliable scale. When validity and reliability analysis of the CIGS are considered as a whole, it is concluded that the CIGS is a valid and reliable scale that assesses craving for internet gaming.
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57
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Alexithymia and mobile phone addiction in Chinese undergraduate students: The roles of mobile phone use patterns. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yu Y, Liu S, Song M, Fan H, Zhang L. Effect of Parent–Child Attachment on College Students’ Social Anxiety: A Moderated Mediation Model. Psychol Rep 2019; 123:2196-2214. [DOI: 10.1177/0033294119862981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between parent–child attachment and social anxiety in college students, as well as the mediating role of psychological resilience and the moderating role of online social support. In total, 614 college students were recruited by the cluster sampling method. The results showed that (1) parent–child attachment was negatively correlated with college students’ social anxiety and positively correlated with their psychological resilience, (2) psychological resilience played a mediating role between parent–child attachment and college students’ social anxiety, and (3) online social support regulated the first half and second half of the mediation process in which parent–child attachment affected college students’ social anxiety through psychological resilience. These findings revealed the mechanism of parent–child attachment affecting social anxiety, which had important theoretical and empirical value for enhancing the strength of college students’ psychological resilience and alleviating social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Department and Institute of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shen Liu
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Minghua Song
- Mental Health Education Guidance Center, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Hang Fan
- Department and Institute of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department and Institute of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Albursan IS, Al Qudah MF, Dutton E, Hassan EMAH, Bakhiet SFA, Alfnan AA, Aljomaa SS, Hammad HI. National, Sex and Academic Discipline Difference in Smartphone Addiction: A Study of Students in Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Sudan. Community Ment Health J 2019; 55:825-830. [PMID: 30661142 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-019-00368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There are an increasing number of studies on smartphone addiction (SA) among students, and also a number of cross-cultural ones. We add to this body of research by presenting, for the first time, a cross-cultural study comparing students in four Middle Eastern countries: Sudan, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. In this context, we also attempt to replicate findings-in other studies-that there are differences in smartphone addiction prevalence along the lines of sex, culture and subject of study. These findings were indeed replicated in a Middle Eastern context. We found significant differences between the Jordanian sample and the other three samples, with Jordanians displaying higher SA. The Sudanese displayed higher SA than the Yemenis, and the Saudis higher than the Sudanese or the Yemeni. We also found that females displayed greater SA than males and humanities students greater SA than science students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ali A Alfnan
- Department of Psychology, College of Education, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman S Aljomaa
- Department of Psychology, College of Education, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Ibraheem Hammad
- Department of Psychology, College of Education, Princess Alia, Al-Balqa'a University, Amman, Jordan
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60
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The role of the dark tetrad and impulsivity in social media addiction: Findings from Malaysia. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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61
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Loneliness and excessive smartphone use among Chinese college students: Moderated mediation effect of perceived stressed and motivation. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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62
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McDaniel BT. Parent distraction with phones, reasons for use, and impacts on parenting and child outcomes: A review of the emerging research. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hbe2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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63
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Park CS. Examination of smartphone dependence: Functionally and existentially dependent behavior on the smartphone. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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64
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Kim SG, Park J, Kim HT, Pan Z, Lee Y, McIntyre RS. The relationship between smartphone addiction and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity in South Korean adolescents. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2019; 18:1. [PMID: 30899316 PMCID: PMC6408841 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-019-0224-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive smartphone use has been associated with numerous psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of smartphone addiction and its association with depression, anxiety, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a large sample of Korean adolescents. METHODS A total of 4512 (2034 males and 2478 females) middle- and high-school students in South Korea were included in this study. Subjects were asked to complete a self-reported questionnaire, including measures of the Korean Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Conners-Wells' Adolescent Self-Report Scale (CASS). Smartphone addiction and non-addiction groups were defined using SAS score of 42 as a cut-off. The data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS 338 subjects (7.5%) were categorized to the addiction group. Total SAS score was positively correlated with total CASS score, BDI score, BAI score, female sex, smoking, and alcohol use. Using multivariate logistic regression analyses, the odds ratio of ADHD group compared to the non-ADHD group for smartphone addiction was 6.43, the highest among all variables (95% CI 4.60-9.00). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that ADHD may be a significant risk factor for developing smartphone addiction. The neurobiological substrates subserving smartphone addiction may provide insights on to both shared and discrete mechanisms with other brain-based disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Gon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 365 Pilmundaero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-717 Republic of Korea
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Jong Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Tae Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Zihang Pan
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Yena Lee
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Roger S. McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
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Martín-Perpiñá MDLM, Poch FV, Cerrato SM. Personality and Social Context Factors Associated to Self-Reported Excessive Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on a Sample of Spanish Adolescents. Front Psychol 2019; 10:436. [PMID: 30886600 PMCID: PMC6410679 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The vulnerability that characterizes adolescents justifies the growing health concern about the impact of excessive use of ICT. Exploring the roll both psychological and social variables in excessive use of ICT in adolescents can help preventing risk behaviors. Examining the ICT use of 1,102 secondary school, baccalaureate and professional training course students (11-18 years old, M = 14.42, Sd = 1.78; 50.58% boys), we investigate the psycho-social profile of those adolescents who have self -reported an excessive use of ICTs. Personality factors were assessed using the NEO-FFI, and social context factors through the PWI (Personal Well-being Index); AF5 (Multidimensional Scale of Self Concept); SSA (Social Support Appraisals); ad hoc questions on self-perception of parental and sibling ICT consumption, and the existence of rules for ICT use in the home. 14.5% (n = 160) of adolescents match the criteria of excessive use. The self-reported excessive use is associated as much by personality factors as by family context. Risk factors in self-reported excessive adolescent ICT use are being female, impulsiveness, perceiving a high level of family support and a high use by parents and siblings. The family, academic, emotional and physical self-concepts are factors of protection. This study has provided us with a profile of adolescents who make a self-reported excessive use of ICT, which may be of help in preventing such use. The presence of these specific personality and socio-demographic factors indicate a greater vulnerability and may serve as indicators for parents, teachers and healthcare professionals to intervene and prevent excessive ICT use and other serious psychological problems related.
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Hawk ST, van den Eijnden RJ, van Lissa CJ, ter Bogt TF. Narcissistic adolescents' attention-seeking following social rejection: Links with social media disclosure, problematic social media use, and smartphone stress. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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67
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Gonçalves RFDM, Barreto DDA, Monteiro PI, Zangeronimo MG, Castelo PM, van der Bilt A, Pereira LJ. Smartphone use while eating increases caloric ingestion. Physiol Behav 2019; 204:93-99. [PMID: 30776379 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of smartphones during meals may possibly influence the number of ingested calories. We evaluated the influence of smartphones' distraction during eating on caloric intake. Physical (masticatory parameters, sex and body mass index - BMI); environmental (with or without distraction) and psychological (stress levels) variables were evaluated as confounding factors. Sixty-two adults were recruited for experimental snack tests performed on four different days. At baseline, we evaluated masticatory performance, swallowing threshold, masticatory frequency and body mass index (BMI). In the following three sessions, volunteers were presented a snack test in which participants ate under three experimental conditions: no distraction, using their smartphones, or reading a printed text. At the end of each session, total and nutritional compound stratified caloric intake was measured. Three-way mixed model ANOVA was used to test the effect of experimental condition on the total, carbohydrate and lipid caloric intakes. Hierarchical multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the influence of confounding factors on the total caloric intake. We found an effect of the condition (no distraction, smartphone or reading) on the total caloric (p = .007) and lipid intake (p = .002). When eating without distraction, the mean caloric intake was 535 (±164) kcal, in comparison to 591 (±203) kcal using smartphone (p = .05) and 622 (±226) kcal (p = .002) reading a text (no significant difference between distracters). Eating with distracters increased approximately 15% caloric ingestion. An interaction condition*sex effect was observed on lipid intake (p = .020). Energy intake was found to be dependent on sex and age, in which older men ingested more calories. Smartphone use during a meal increased caloric and lipid intake, depending on sex and age in young adults with complete dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pâmela Ione Monteiro
- Health Sciences Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras (UFLA), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andries van der Bilt
- Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics and Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Luciano José Pereira
- Health Sciences Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras (UFLA), Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Tonacci A, Billeci L, Sansone F, Masci A, Pala AP, Domenici C, Conte R. An Innovative, Unobtrusive Approach to Investigate Smartphone Interaction in Nonaddicted Subjects Based on Wearable Sensors: A Pilot Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55020037. [PMID: 30720738 PMCID: PMC6409719 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Smartphones are playing a pivotal role in everyday life, due to the opportunity they grant in terms of simplifying communication, entertainment, education and many other daily activities. Against such positive characteristics, smartphone interaction can result, in particular cases, in dangerous smartphone addiction patterns, possibly leading to several long-term detrimental psychophysiological conditions. Therefore, this pilot aims at assessing the feasibility of using an innovative approach, based on unobtrusive wearable sensors, used for the first time in this specific topic, and psychological questionnaires, to investigate the links between stress and emotions in a group of young, nonaddicted individuals performing smartphone interaction. Materials and methods: 17 volunteers were enrolled for the present study. The study protocol was divided into three phases, with an initial resting state (baseline) of three minutes, a smartphone interaction session (task) of the same length, and a final resting state (recovery), lasting three minutes. In the overall procedure, electrocardiogram (ECG) and galvanic skin response (GSR) measurements, both monitored by wearable sensors, were acquired in order to assess the functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Results: A significant decrease was seen in pNN50 during the smartphone interaction with respect to the baseline (Z = −2.675, p = 0.007), whereas the Low-to-High Frequency (LF/HF) ratio at task was somewhat correlated with phubbing behaviors (r = 0.655, p = 0.029), assessed through dedicated questionnaires. Conclusions: Taken together with the slight changes in GSR data, such results suggest the feasibility of this approach to characterize the ANS activation during smartphone interaction among young individuals. Further studies should enlarge the study population and involve smartphone-addicted subjects in order to increase the scientific and clinical relevance of such findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Tonacci
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lucia Billeci
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesco Sansone
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Antonella Masci
- University of Pisa, School of Engineering, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Anna Paola Pala
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Claudio Domenici
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Conte
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Shen X, Wang HZ, Rost DH, Gaskin J, Wang JL. State anxiety moderates the association between motivations and excessive smartphone use. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-0127-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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70
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Comparative study of nomophobia among Spanish and Portuguese nursing students. Nurse Educ Pract 2019; 34:79-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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71
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Mobile ubiquity: Understanding the relationship between cognitive absorption, smartphone addiction and social network services. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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72
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You Z, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Xu Y, Chen X. How does self-esteem affect mobile phone addiction? The mediating role of social anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:526-531. [PMID: 30553099 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Low self-esteem is an important factor influencing mobile phone addiction, which has been well documented. However, little research focused on the mechanism underlying the association between self-esteem and mobile phone addiction. We hypothesized that social anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity may mediate the relationship between self-esteem and mobile phone addiction. Six hundred and fifty three (353 girls among them) college students with the mean age of 19.94 (SD = 1.34) were recruited for the study. Participants completed mobile phone addiction scale, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, the social anxiety questionnaire and interpersonal sensitivity subscale of SCL-90. The findings were as follows: 1) interpersonal sensitivity mediated the relation between self-esteem and mobile phone addiction. 2) social anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity sequentially mediated the relation between self-esteem and mobile phone addiction. The result reveals that self-esteem has indirect effect on mobile phone addiction, which is mediated by social anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi You
- Department of Social Work, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingru Zhang
- Department of Social Work, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Social Work, Huazhong Agricultural University, China.
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Social Work, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Xuelian Chen
- College of Humanities, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, China
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73
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A mixed-method analysis of the role of online communication attitudes in the relationship between self-monitoring and emerging adult text intensity. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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74
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Thomée S. Mobile Phone Use and Mental Health. A Review of the Research That Takes a Psychological Perspective on Exposure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E2692. [PMID: 30501032 PMCID: PMC6314044 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to carry out a review of observational studies that consider links between mobile phone use and mental health from a psychological or behavioral perspective. Systematic literature searches in PubMed and PsycINFO for articles published until 2017 were done. Exclusion criteria included: papers that considered radiofrequency fields, attention, safety, relational consequences, sexual behavior, cyberbullying, and reviews, qualitative, and case or experimental studies. A total of 4738 papers were screened by title and abstract, 404 were retrieved in full text, and 290 were included. Only 5% had any longitudinal design. Self-reporting was the dominating method of measurement. One third of the studies included children or youth. A majority of adult populations consisted of university students and/or self-selected participants. The main research results included associations between frequent mobile phone use and mental health outcomes, such as depressive symptoms and sleep problems. Mobile phone use at bedtime was associated with, e.g., shorter sleep duration and lower sleep quality. "Problematic use" (dependency) was associated with several negative outcomes. In conclusion, associations between mobile phone use and adverse mental health outcomes are found in studies that take a psychological or behavioral perspective on the exposure. However, more studies of high quality are needed in order to draw valid conclusions about the mechanisms and causal directions of associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Thomée
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Lee S, Kim M, Mendoza JS, McDonough IM. Addicted to cellphones: exploring the psychometric properties between the nomophobia questionnaire and obsessiveness in college students. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00895. [PMID: 30426100 PMCID: PMC6223106 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A potential new clinical disorder is arising due to the addiction to cellphones called nomophobia-or feelings of discomfort or anxiety experienced by individuals when they are unable to use their mobile phones or utilize the conveniences these devices provide. However, before being able to officially classify this disorder as clinically relevant, more research needs to be conducted to determine how nomophobia relates to existing disorders. In a sample of 397 undergraduate students, the present study examined the relationship between the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) and the Obsessiveness Content Scale (OBS) of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (the MMPI-2). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test whether the OBS Content Scale would be related to a one-factor NMP-Q solution (Fig. 1) or a four-factor NMP-Q solution (Fig. 2). Convergent and divergent validity were also investigated. The four-factor model was a better fit than the one-factor model as indicated by most fit indices. The findings showed that the OBS latent variable was correlated with all of the four NMP-Q latent variables. Mixed support was found for convergent validity, but high support was found for the divergent validity of the NMP-Q factors. This study contributes to a growing body of literature seeking to better understand the addictive nature of cellphones and takes a new perspective on addiction research and obsessiveness. These findings provide a better understanding between pre-existing assessments of personality disorders (e.g., obsessiveness) that are emerging from the overuse of mobile phones or the excessive fear of losing one's cell phone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyeon Lee
- The University of Arkansas at Monticello, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 562 University Drive, Monticello, Arkansas 71656, USA
| | - Minsung Kim
- Buros Center for Testing, University of Nebraska at Lincoln, 21 Teachers College Hall, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0348, USA
| | - Jessica S. Mendoza
- The University of Alabama, Department of Psychology, 505 Hackberry Lane, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - Ian M. McDonough
- The University of Alabama, Department of Psychology, 505 Hackberry Lane, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
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76
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How Is Smartphone Addiction Related to Interaction Anxiety of Prospective Teachers? EDUCATION SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/educsci8040186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between prospective teachers’ smartphone addiction and interaction anxiety. For this purpose, quantitative research was carried out within the relational screening model. The population of the research was composed of senior students and pedagogical formation students from Inonu University Faculty of Education in Turkey. The sample consisted of a total of 330 prospective teachers, including 117 Faculty of Education and 213 pedagogical formation students. Data of the study were obtained via The Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) and The Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS). As a result of the research, it was seen that the scores of prospective teachers’ on smartphone use was at the lower level and the scores of interaction anxiety were close to the lower level of anxiety. There was also a statistically significant positive correlation between prospective teachers’ smartphone addiction and interaction anxiety.
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Aktürk Ü, Budak F, Gültekin A, Özdemir A. Comparison of smartphone addiction and loneliness in high school and university students. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2018; 54:564-570. [PMID: 29601080 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to compare the relationship between the smartphone addiction and loneliness in high school and university students. DESIGN AND METHODS A correlation and descriptive study from a convenience sample of 1156 high school and university students. Questionnaire, Smartphone Addiction scale, and Short Loneliness scale were used to collect the data of the study. FINDINGS No relationship was found between the smartphone addiction and loneliness in high school and university students. PRACTICE IMPLACITIONS It is recommended to organize comprehensive training programs for the students and their families in the school health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ümmühan Aktürk
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Funda Budak
- Department of Psychiatry Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Abdurrezzak Gültekin
- Department of Psychiatry Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Aysel Özdemir
- Department of Psychiatry Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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78
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DeClerck D, Holtzman S. To text or talk: Does communication modality matter when providing criticism to others? COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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79
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Collective Play Versus Excessive Use: an Insight into Family-Focused Design Intervention for Mobile Phone Overuse. Int J Ment Health Addict 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-018-9966-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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80
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Horwood S, Anglim J. Personality and problematic smartphone use: A facet-level analysis using the Five Factor Model and HEXACO frameworks. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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81
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Compulsive smartphone usage and users' ill-being among young Indians: Does personality matter? TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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82
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Mahmoodi H, Nadrian H, Shaghaghi A, Jafarabadi MA, Ahmadi A, Saqqezi GS. Factors associated with mental health among high school students in Iran: Does mobile phone overuse associate with poor mental health? JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2018; 31:6-13. [PMID: 29974565 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Mobile phone (MP) overuse is extensively rising among high school students in developing countries. Our aim in this study is to investigate the association between MP overuse and mental health, in the presence of other determinant factors, among high school students in Iran. METHODS We recruited a clustered random sample of 1,034 high school students in Saqqez County, Iran, to complete a self-administered questionnaire with three sections: a sociodemographic questionnaire, Mobile Phone Addiction Index, and General Health Questionnaire. FINDINGS A majority of the students (n = 654, 63.2%) were found to be with poor mental health. Applying multiple logistic regression, gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15-1.97), education degree (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.30-1.67), frequency of daily messages (OR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.07-1.31), being awakened at night for MP use (OR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.54-2.18), and MP overuse (OR = 3.21; 95% CI = 1.20-8.58) were found in significant associations with poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS Planning gender-based health education programs on proper use of MP for students and their parents is suggested to school healthcare providers. The parents should be educated on the proper ways of dealing with their adolescents while using MP at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Mahmoodi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Haidar Nadrian
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Shaghaghi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asad Ahmadi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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83
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Chung JE, Choi SA, Kim KT, Yee J, Kim JH, Seong JW, Seong JM, Kim JY, Lee KE, Gwak HS. Smartphone addiction risk and daytime sleepiness in Korean adolescents. J Paediatr Child Health 2018; 54:800-806. [PMID: 29626363 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Smartphone overuse can cause not only mobility problems in the wrists, fingers and neck but also interference with sleep habits. However, research on smartphone addiction and sleep disturbances is scarce. Therefore, we aimed to investigate daytime sleepiness in association with smartphone addiction risk in Korean adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional survey method was used in this study. The Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale was used to assess daytime sleepiness, and the Korean Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale index was used to evaluate the degree of risk for smartphone addiction. RESULTS The analyses were performed in 1796 adolescents using smartphones, including 820 boys and 976 girls. The at-risk smartphone users made up 15.1% of boys and 23.9% of girls. Our multivariate analyses demonstrated that students who were female, consumed alcohol, had lower academic performance, did not feel refreshed in the morning and initiated sleep after 12 am were at a significantly higher risk of smartphone addiction. The at-risk smartphone user group was independently associated with the upper quartile Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale score in students with the following factors: Female gender, alcohol consumption, poor self-perceived health level, initiating sleep after 12 am, longer time taken to fall asleep and duration of night sleep less than 6 h. CONCLUSIONS The quality of sleep in adolescence affects growth, emotional stability and learning skills. Therefore, the management of smartphone addiction seems to be essential for proper sleeping habits. There is a critical need to develop a means of preventing smartphone addiction on a social level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Eun Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Soo An Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Ki Tai Kim
- Department of Communication, Honam University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jeong Yee
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jin Won Seong
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Mi Seong
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hye Sun Gwak
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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84
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Lopez-Fernandez O, Kuss DJ, Pontes HM, Griffiths MD, Dawes C, Justice LV, Männikkö N, Kääriäinen M, Rumpf HJ, Bischof A, Gässler AK, Romo L, Kern L, Morvan Y, Rousseau A, Graziani P, Demetrovics Z, Király O, Schimmenti A, Passanisi A, Lelonek-Kuleta B, Chwaszcz J, Chóliz M, Zacarés JJ, Serra E, Dufour M, Rochat L, Zullino D, Achab S, Landrø NI, Suryani E, Hormes JM, Terashima JP, Billieux J. Measurement Invariance of the Short Version of the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPUQ-SV) across Eight Languages. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1213. [PMID: 29890709 PMCID: PMC6025621 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of mobile phone use across the world has increased greatly over the past two decades. Problematic Mobile Phone Use (PMPU) has been studied in relation to public health and comprises various behaviours, including dangerous, prohibited, and dependent use. These types of problematic mobile phone behaviours are typically assessed with the short version of the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPUQ⁻SV). However, to date, no study has ever examined the degree to which the PMPU scale assesses the same construct across different languages. The aims of the present study were to (i) determine an optimal factor structure for the PMPUQ⁻SV among university populations using eight versions of the scale (i.e., French, German, Hungarian, English, Finnish, Italian, Polish, and Spanish); and (ii) simultaneously examine the measurement invariance (MI) of the PMPUQ⁻SV across all languages. The whole study sample comprised 3038 participants. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients were extracted from the demographic and PMPUQ-SV items. Individual and multigroup confirmatory factor analyses alongside MI analyses were conducted. Results showed a similar pattern of PMPU across the translated scales. A three-factor model of the PMPUQ-SV fitted the data well and presented with good psychometric properties. Six languages were validated independently, and five were compared via measurement invariance for future cross-cultural comparisons. The present paper contributes to the assessment of problematic mobile phone use because it is the first study to provide a cross-cultural psychometric analysis of the PMPUQ-SV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Daria J Kuss
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | - Halley M Pontes
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | - Christopher Dawes
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | - Lucy V Justice
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | - Niko Männikkö
- Department of Social Services and Rehabilitation, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, 90220 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Maria Kääriäinen
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Anja Bischof
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Ann-Kathrin Gässler
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Lucia Romo
- EA 4430 Clinique Psychanalyse Développement (CLIPSYD), Université Paris Nanterre, France.
| | - Laurence Kern
- EA 2931, Centre de Recherches sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CESRM), Université Paris Nanterre, 92000 Nanterre, France.
| | - Yannick Morvan
- EA 4430 Clinique Psychanalyse Développement (CLIPSYD), Université Paris Nanterre, France.
| | - Amélie Rousseau
- Psychology Department, PSITEC EA 4074, Université Lille Nord de France, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Pierluigi Graziani
- LPS EA 849, Aix-Marseille University, 13007 Marseille, France.
- University of Nîmes, 30000 Nîmes, France.
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1064 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Orsolya Király
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1064 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE-Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Alessia Passanisi
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE-Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta
- Department of Family Science and Social Work, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Joanna Chwaszcz
- Department of Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Mariano Chóliz
- Department of Basic Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Juan José Zacarés
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Emilia Serra
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Magali Dufour
- Service de Toxicomanie, Faculte de medicine Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Qc, J4K 0A8, Canada.
| | - Lucien Rochat
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Department of Psychiatry-Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry-Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Sophia Achab
- Department of Psychiatry-Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry-Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Nils Inge Landrø
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Eva Suryani
- Department Psychiatry and Behavior, School of Medicine and Health Science, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia.
| | - Julia M Hormes
- Department of Psychology, University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Javier Ponce Terashima
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Joël Billieux
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry-Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab (ACB-lab), Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, 4366 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
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85
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Lee SY, Lee D, Nam CR, Kim DY, Park S, Kwon JG, Kweon YS, Lee Y, Kim DJ, Choi JS. Distinct patterns of Internet and smartphone-related problems among adolescents by gender: Latent class analysis. J Behav Addict 2018; 7:454-465. [PMID: 29788762 PMCID: PMC6174601 DOI: 10.1556/2006.7.2018.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives The ubiquitous Internet connections by smartphones weakened the traditional boundaries between computers and mobile phones. We sought to explore whether smartphone-related problems differ from those of computer use according to gender using latent class analysis (LCA). Methods After informed consents, 555 Korean middle-school students completed surveys on gaming, Internet use, and smartphone usage patterns. They also completed various psychosocial instruments. LCA was performed for the whole group and by gender. In addition to ANOVA and χ2 tests, post-hoc tests were conducted to examine differences among the LCA subgroups. Results In the whole group (n = 555), four subtypes were identified: dual-problem users (49.5%), problematic Internet users (7.7%), problematic smartphone users (32.1%), and "healthy" users (10.6%). Dual-problem users scored highest for addictive behaviors and other psychopathologies. The gender-stratified LCA revealed three subtypes for each gender. With dual-problem and healthy subgroup as common, problematic Internet subgroup was classified in the males, whereas problematic smartphone subgroup was classified in the females in the gender-stratified LCA. Thus, distinct patterns were observed according to gender with higher proportion of dual-problem present in males. While gaming was associated with problematic Internet use in males, aggression and impulsivity demonstrated associations with problematic smartphone use in females. Conclusions An increase in the number of digital media-related problems was associated with worse outcomes in various psychosocial scales. Gaming may play a crucial role in males solely displaying Internet-related problems. The heightened impulsivity and aggression seen in our female problematic smartphone users requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Yup Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwan Lee
- Department of Statistics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Rong Nam
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Yea Kim
- Department of Statistics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sera Park
- I Will Center, Seoul Metropolitan Boramae Youth Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gun Kwon
- I Will Center, Seoul Metropolitan Boramae Youth Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sil Kweon
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors: Jung-Seok Choi, MD, PhD; Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, 20, Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82 2870 3461; Fax: +82 2831 2826; E-mail: ; Yong-Sil Kweon, MD, PhD; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82 31 820 3032; Fax: +82 31 847 3630; E-mail:
| | - Youngjo Lee
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dai Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors: Jung-Seok Choi, MD, PhD; Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, 20, Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82 2870 3461; Fax: +82 2831 2826; E-mail: ; Yong-Sil Kweon, MD, PhD; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82 31 820 3032; Fax: +82 31 847 3630; E-mail:
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86
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Zeeni N, Doumit R, Abi Kharma J, Sanchez-Ruiz MJ. Media, Technology Use, and Attitudes: Associations With Physical and Mental Well-Being in Youth With Implications for Evidence-Based Practice. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2018; 15:304-312. [PMID: 29763998 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown that the use of technology and media, in their different available forms, may have detrimental effects on the physical and mental well-being of adolescents and young adults. AIMS The present study aimed to investigate the use of different types of technology and media, attitudes toward them, and how they relate to physical and mental well-being in Lebanese university students. METHODS A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional design was used. A sample of 244 undergraduates completed a self-report measuring media and technology use and attitudes, eating-related variables (e.g., healthy eating, body image dissatisfaction [BID], and eating disorders [EDs] risk), trait emotional intelligence (TEI), and psychopathology indicators (stress, anxiety, and depression). RESULTS The use of mobile phone multimedia (music, pictures, and videos) correlated with unhealthy eating and stress. Social media use was associated with BID, EDs risk, and the self-control construct of TEI. Anxiety of separation from technological devices and dependence on them was associated with increased BID, EDs risk, depression, and anxiety. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION Practical implications are discussed in terms of setting limits and boundaries on technology use during childhood and adolescence, and encouraging healthy eating and physical activity at home and on college campuses. Moreover, social media could be used as a platform for intervention and prevention programs to decrease BID, EDs, depression, and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Zeeni
- Associate Professor of Nutrition, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Rita Doumit
- Assistant Professor of Nursing, Alice Ramez Chagoury School of Nursing, Lebanese American, University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Joelle Abi Kharma
- Instructor of Nutrition, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Maria-Jose Sanchez-Ruiz
- Associate Professor of Psychology, Department of Social Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
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87
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Olivencia-Carrión MA, Ramírez-Uclés I, Holgado-Tello P, López-Torrecillas F. Validation of a Spanish Questionnaire on Mobile Phone Abuse. Front Psychol 2018; 9:621. [PMID: 29760674 PMCID: PMC5936979 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mobile phone addiction has attracted much attention recently and is showing similarity to other substance use disorders. Because no studies on mobile phone addiction had yet been conducted in Spain, we developed and validated a questionnaire (Cuestionario de Abuso del Teléfono Móvil, ATeMo) to measure mobile phone abuse among young adults in Spanish. The ATeMo questionnaire was designed based on relevant DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and included craving as a diagnostic symptom. Using stratified sampling, the ATeMo questionnaire was administered to 856 students (mean age 21, 62% women). The MULTICAGE questionnaire was administered to assess history of drug abuse and addiction. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we found evidence for the construct validity of the following factors: Craving, Loss of Control, Negative Life Consequences, and Withdrawal Syndrome, and their association with a second order factor related to mobile phone abuse. The four ATeMO factors were also associated with alcoholism, internet use, and compulsive buying. Important gender differences were found that should be considered when studying mobile phone addictions. The ATeMo is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in further research on mobile phone abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Ramírez-Uclés
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Holgado-Tello
- Department of Behavioral Sciences Methodology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
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Sojević M, Pećanac D, Latas M. Connection of depression, anxiety and impulsivity with the way of using modern mobile phones among students. MEDICINSKI PODMLADAK 2018. [DOI: 10.5937/mp69-17929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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89
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Chun JW, Choi J, Cho H, Choi MR, Ahn KJ, Choi JS, Kim DJ. Role of Frontostriatal Connectivity in Adolescents With Excessive Smartphone Use. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:437. [PMID: 30258373 PMCID: PMC6143708 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As smartphone use has grown rapidly over recent decade, it has been a growing interest in the potential negative impact of excessive smartphone use. In this study, we aim to identify altered brain connectivity associated with excessive smartphone use, and to investigate correlations between withdrawal symptoms, cortisol concentrations, and frontostriatal connectivity. We focused on investigating functional connectivity in frontostriatal regions, including the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), midcingulate cortex (MCC), and nucleus accumbens (NAcc), which is related to reward processing and cognitive control. We analyzed data from 38 adolescents with excessive smartphone use (SP) and 42 healthy controls (HC). In the SP group compared with HC, we observed lower functional connectivity between the right OFC and NAcc, and between the left OFC and MCC. Moreover, functional connectivity between the MCC and NAcc was greater in SP compared with HC. Subsequently, we examined the relationship between Internet use withdrawal symptoms, cortisol concentrations, and functional connectivity between the OFC and NAcc in SP and HC. We observed that more severe withdrawal symptoms were associated with higher cortisol concentrations in adolescents with excessive smartphone use. The most interesting finding was that we observed a negative correlation between OFC connectivity with the NAcc and both withdrawal symptoms and cortisol concentrations. The functional connectivity between the OFC and NAcc, and between the OFC and MCC are related to cognitive control of emotional stimuli including reward. The current study suggests that adolescents with SP had reduced functional connectivity in these regions related to cognitive control. Furthermore, Internet use withdrawal symptoms appear to elicit cortisol secretion, and this psychophysiological change may affect frontostriatal connectivity. Our findings provide important clues to understanding the effects of excessive use of smartphones on brain functional connectivity in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Won Chun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihye Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kook-Jin Ahn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dai-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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90
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Sedaghati Shokri B, Davoodi SR, Azimmohseni M, Khoshfar G. Drivers’ Addiction Toward Cell Phone Use While Driving. HEALTH IN EMERGENCIES & DISASTERS QUARTERLY 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/nrip.hdq.3.2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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91
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Frith E, Loprinzi P. Can Facebook Reduce Perceived Anxiety Among College Students? Randomized Controlled Exercise Trial Using the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change. JMIR Ment Health 2017; 4:e50. [PMID: 29222077 PMCID: PMC5741822 DOI: 10.2196/mental.8086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest social media may be an attractive strategy to promote mental health and wellness. There remains a need to examine the utility for individually tailored wellness messages posted to social media sites such as Facebook to facilitate positive psychological outcomes. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to extend the growing body of evidence supporting the potential for social media to enhance mental health. We evaluated the influence of an 8-week social media intervention on anxiety in college students and examined the impact of dynamic (active) versus static (passive) Facebook content on physical activity behaviors. METHODS Participants in the static group (n=21) accessed a Facebook page featuring 96 statuses. Statuses were intended to engage cognitive processes followed by behavioral processes of change per the transtheoretical model of behavior change. Content posted on the static Facebook page was identical to the dynamic page; however, the static group viewed all 96 statuses on the first day of the study, while the dynamic group received only 1 to 2 of these status updates per day throughout the intervention. Anxiety was measured using the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS). Time spent engaging in physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS The OASIS change score for the dynamic Facebook group was statistically significant (P=.003), whereas the change score for the static group was not (P=.48). A statistically significant group-by-time interaction was observed (P=.03). The total IPAQ group-by-time interaction was not statistically significant (P=.06). CONCLUSIONS We observed a decrease in anxiety and increase in total physical activity for the dynamic group only. Dynamic social networking sites, featuring regularly updated content, may be more advantageous than websites that retain static content over time. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03363737; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03363737 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6vXzNbOWJ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Frith
- University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States
| | - Paul Loprinzi
- University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States
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92
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Gao T, Xiang YT, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Mei S. Neuroticism and quality of life: Multiple mediating effects of smartphone addiction and depression. Psychiatry Res 2017; 258:457-461. [PMID: 28917440 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to investigate the mediating effect of smartphone addiction and depression on neuroticism and quality of life. Self-reported measures of neuroticism, smart-phone addiction, depression, and quality of life were administered to 722 Chinese university students. Results showed smartphone addiction and depression were both significantly affected neuroticism and quality of life. The direct effect of neuroticism on quality of life was significant, and the chain-mediating effect of smartphone addiction and depression was also significant. In conclusion, neuroticism, smartphone addiction, and depression are important variables that worsen quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Gao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Songli Mei
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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93
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"Technoference" and Implications for Mothers' and Fathers' Couple and Coparenting Relationship Quality. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2017; 80:303-313. [PMID: 31649418 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Technology devices are widely used today, creating opportunities to connect and communicate with distant others while also potentially disrupting communication and interactions between those who are physically present (i.e., technoference or phubbing). These disruptions in couple and coparenting relationships have the potential to negatively impact relationship outcomes. In this two-part study of 182 married/cohabiting couples from the Daily Family Life Project and 239 couples from the Couple Well-Being Project, we examined the role of technoference in couple and coparenting relationship quality and potential gender differences utilizing dyadic data. We found that greater technoference related to greater conflict over technology use, and greater conflict predicted lower relationship satisfaction and poorer perceptions of coparenting quality (Study 1). Using a more diverse sample (Study 2), we again found support for the main pathways tested in our first study, suggesting that results found in Study 1 and in previous work are not artifacts of sampling. As satisfaction, support, and agreement among relationship partners and parents are often critical to relationship health and family cohesion, it is important for couples and families to evaluate, monitor, and be willing to adapt their technology usage patterns so that these patterns do not cause conflict and possibly relationship deterioration over time.
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94
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Aharony N. Factors affecting LIS Israeli students’ mobile phone use: an exploratory study. ELECTRONIC LIBRARY 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/el-06-2016-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Although the mobile phone is a popular gadget, only a few studies have examined the relationships between personality characteristics and mobile phone use. This study aims to integrate and extend the literature by focusing on various personality characteristics and motivations to fully understand the influence of these variables on mobile phone use.
Design/methodology/approach
The research was conducted in Israel during the first semester of the 2015 academic year and encompassed 181 library and information science students. Participants were asked to complete the following questionnaires: personal details, mobile usage, motivation, self-disclosure and personality characteristics (openness to experience and extroversion and loneliness).
Findings
The most common use of students’ mobile phones is for mobile voice communication. Further, results show that the major factors that influence individual mobile phone use are motivation and the time spent using the phone. In addition, results indicate that personality characteristics have a large impact on mobile phone use as well, and that the dominant ones are openness to experience and self-disclosure.
Originality/value
The current study expands the scope of research about mobile phone use by examining the different functions provided by mobile phones within the context of personality characteristics as well as motivation. Further, mobile phones now not only serve as a means of communication but also have become a central means in students’ lives to access their social network system of choice, search for information and enjoy online leisure activities.
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95
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Lee HK, Kim JH, Fava M, Mischoulon D, Park JH, Shim EJ, Lee EH, Lee JH, Jeon HJ. Development and validation study of the Smartphone Overuse Screening Questionnaire. Psychiatry Res 2017; 257:352-357. [PMID: 28800515 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a screening questionnaire that could distinguish individuals at high risk of smartphone overuse from casual users. The reliability, validity, and diagnostic ability of the Smartphone Overuse Screening Questionnaire (SOS-Q) were evaluated. Preliminary items were assessed by 50 addiction experts on-line, and 28 questions were selected. A total of 158 subjects recruited from six community centers for internet addiction participated in this study. The SOS-Q, Young's internet addiction scale, Korean scale for internet addiction, and Smartphone Scale for Smartphone Addiction (S-Scale) were used to assess the concurrent validity. Construct validity was supported by a six-factor model using an exploratory factor analysis. The internal consistency and the item-total correlations were favorable (α = 0.95, r = 0.35-0.81). The test-retest reliability was moderate (r = 0.70). The SOS-Q showed superior concurrent validity with the highest correlation between the S-Scale (r = 0.76). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.877. A cut-off point of 49 effectively categorized addiction high-risk group with a sensitivity of 0.81 and specificity of 0.86. Overall, the current study supports the use of SOS-Q as both a primary and supplementary measurement tool in a variety of settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hae Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Maurizio Fava
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - David Mischoulon
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jae-Hyun Park
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Shim
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ho Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Department of Medical Device Management & Research, and Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
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96
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Chun JW, Choi J, Kim JY, Cho H, Ahn KJ, Nam JH, Choi JS, Kim DJ. Altered brain activity and the effect of personality traits in excessive smartphone use during facial emotion processing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12156. [PMID: 28939856 PMCID: PMC5610339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08824-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive smartphone use is a phenomenon related to maladaptive smartphone use, leading to negative consequences. This study set out with the aim of assessing the effects of excessive smartphone use on behavioral and neural responses during facial emotional processing. We examined 25 excessive smartphone users and 27 normal control users using functional MRI during facial emotion processing and investigated Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS). The excessive smartphone use group (SP) showed neural deactivation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) during the presentation of an angry face and emotional transition compared to that of the normal control group (NC). Additionally, the SP revealed neural deactivation of the superior temporal sulcus and temporo-parietal junction related to social interaction during emotional transition compared to the NC. We found that BAS-Reward Responsiveness level was correlated with behavioral responses during repeated happy faces related to emotional reward in SP compared to NC. It can thus be suggested that excessive smartphone use is likely to fail on cognitive control during emotional processing, and this impairment might be influenced on emotional processing related to social interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Won Chun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook-Jin Ahn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Nam
- Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dai-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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97
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Hou J, Ndasauka Y, Jiang Y, Ye Z, Wang Y, Yang L, Li X, Zhang Y, Pang L, Kong Y, Xu F, Zhang X. Excessive use of WeChat, social interaction and locus of control among college students in China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183633. [PMID: 28817710 PMCID: PMC5560757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In China, the number of college students using mobile phone based messaging and social networking applications like WeChat is increasing rapidly. However, there has been minimal research into the addictive nature of these applications and the psychological characteristics associate with their excessive use. There is also no published scale available for assessing excessive use of WeChat and similar applications. In the current study, we collected data from 1,245 college students in China (715 females) and developed the WeChat Excessive Use Scale (WEUS). We then assessed the relationship between excessive use of WeChat and excessive use of a social networking application-Weibo, problematic use of mobile phones, external locus of control, and social interaction skills. Our 10-item scale featured three factors, namely- "mood modification," "salience" and ''conflict"- critical factors in assessing different forms of addiction. The WEUS was found to be a reliable instrument in assessing excessive use of WeChat as it showed good internal consistency and correlated with other measures of problematic use social networking and mobile phone addiction. Our results showed that excessive users of WeChat are more likely to excessively use Weibo than they are to problematically use mobile phones. Our study also showed that greater excessive use of WeChat is associated with higher external locus of control and greater online social interaction skills. These results reveal that WeChat has unique and strong appeal among college students in China. Further, practitioners should consider dealing with malleable factors like locus of control and real life social skills in treating people with problematic messaging and social networking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hou
- Department of Philosophy, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yamikani Ndasauka
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Philosophy, University of Malawi; Chancellor College, Zomba, Malawi
| | - Yingying Jiang
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zi Ye
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, and School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lizhuang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, and School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, and School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Yan Kong
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fei Xu
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaochu Zhang
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, and School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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98
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de-Sola J, Talledo H, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Rubio G. Prevalence of problematic cell phone use in an adult population in Spain as assessed by the Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale (MPPUS). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181184. [PMID: 28771626 PMCID: PMC5542596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Problematic cell phone use has alarmingly increased in industrialized countries in the past 10 years. For many perpetrators, it can turn into a behavioural addiction, although this is not a recognized medical condition. Although there are many tools for evaluating this use, one of the most widely used tools is the Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale (MPPUS), which we test on a representative sample of the population in Spain to obtain an estimate of the prevalence of problematic cell phone use in our midst. The age range consists of 16–65 years, with 1,126 surveys conducted. In this population, we verify that the reliability and internal consistency of the MPPUS (α = 0.939) are maintained. Additionally, the construct validity, considering the derived factors (Abuse and Dependence, Craving and Loss of Control, and Dependence on the Social Environment) are aligned with other research and with diverse external criteria of addiction. We establish four categories of users (Casual, Regular, At Risk, and Problematic) and obtain a prevalence of 15.4% among At Risk Users and 5.1% among Problematic Users. This finding implies a total of 20.5% of Users with Problems. A binary logistic regression analysis shows that age, gender, level of education, and daily cell phone use predict problematic cell phone use. The results, based on multiple criteria, show that such problematic use shares features of recognized addictions, affecting large segments of the population and not only adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de-Sola
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Mental Health Management Unit, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga – IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- * E-mail: (FRF); (GR)
| | - Gabriel Rubio
- Department of Psychiatry, Complutense University, Psychiatric Service (University Hospital 12 of October), Madrid, Research Institute i+12, Addictive Disorder Network (RETIS), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (FRF); (GR)
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99
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Hadar A, Hadas I, Lazarovits A, Alyagon U, Eliraz D, Zangen A. Answering the missed call: Initial exploration of cognitive and electrophysiological changes associated with smartphone use and abuse. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180094. [PMID: 28678870 PMCID: PMC5497985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Smartphone usage is now integral to human behavior. Recent studies associate extensive usage with a range of debilitating effects. We sought to determine whether excessive usage is accompanied by measurable neural, cognitive and behavioral changes. Method Subjects lacking previous experience with smartphones (n = 35) were compared to a matched group of heavy smartphone users (n = 16) on numerous behavioral and electrophysiological measures recorded using electroencephalogram (EEG) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the right prefrontal cortex (rPFC). In a second longitudinal intervention, a randomly selected sample of the original non-users received smartphones for 3 months while the others served as controls. All measurements were repeated following this intervention. Results Heavy users showed increased impulsivity, hyperactivity and negative social concern. We also found reduced early TMS evoked potentials in the rPFC of this group, which correlated with severity of self-reported inattention problems. Heavy users also obtained lower accuracy rates than nonusers in a numerical processing. Critically, the second part of the experiment revealed that both the numerical processing and social cognition domains are causally linked to smartphone usage. Conclusion Heavy usage was found to be associated with impaired attention, reduced numerical processing capacity, changes in social cognition, and reduced right prefrontal cortex (rPFC) excitability. Memory impairments were not detected. Novel usage over short period induced a significant reduction in numerical processing capacity and changes in social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviad Hadar
- Department of Life Science and the Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- * E-mail: (AH); (AZ)
| | - Itay Hadas
- Department of Life Science and the Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Avi Lazarovits
- Department of Life Science and the Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Uri Alyagon
- Department of Life Science and the Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniel Eliraz
- Department of Life Science and the Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Abraham Zangen
- Department of Life Science and the Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- * E-mail: (AH); (AZ)
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100
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Hew JJ, Badaruddin MNBA, Moorthy MK. Crafting a smartphone repurchase decision making process: Do brand attachment and gender matter? TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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