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Are caffeine’s performance-enhancing effects partially driven by its bitter taste? Med Hypotheses 2019; 131:109301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chemosensory Changes from Cancer Treatment and Their Effects on Patients' Food Behavior: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102285. [PMID: 31554217 PMCID: PMC6836020 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals undergoing treatment for cancer can experience changes in taste or smell that are often assumed to affect constructs related to food behavior, although this relationship is rarely measured directly. To ascertain the extent to which measured changes in taste and smell during and after cancer treatment affect food behavior, we conducted a scoping review and completed a comparative analysis for studies that met our criteria, which were: they directly measured cancer patients’ (a) psychophysical response to taste and/or olfactory stimuli, and (b) food behavior (including food enjoyment, food preference, dietary intake) in people affected by cancer. Eleven studies met these criteria and were included in the review. All 11 studies evaluated taste and five also measured smell. A comparative analysis exploring taste and food behavior shows that a reduced sweet taste function (decreased sensitivity) was associated with a reduced intake of a variety of different macro and micro nutrients, reduced appetite, and overall lower energy intake. One out of six studies that measured smell and food measured observed changes in olfactory function following cancer treatment. There were no significant relationships reported between olfactory measures and food behavior. Taste changes that arise from cancer treatment appear to have a direct effect on food behavior, although there is a need for more research using standardized measures and larger sample sizes. A better understanding of taste alterations and their implications for dietary intake and food enjoyment will support optimal nutritional health by identifying strategies to help patients eat well during and after cancer treatment.
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Carey RM, Lee RJ. Taste Receptors in Upper Airway Innate Immunity. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092017. [PMID: 31466230 PMCID: PMC6770031 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Taste receptors, first identified on the tongue, are best known for their role in guiding our dietary preferences. The expression of taste receptors for umami, sweet, and bitter have been demonstrated in tissues outside of the oral cavity, including in the airway, brain, gastrointestinal tract, and reproductive organs. The extra-oral taste receptor chemosensory pathways and the endogenous taste receptor ligands are generally unknown, but there is increasing data suggesting that taste receptors are involved in regulating some aspects of innate immunity, and may potentially control the composition of the nasal microbiome in healthy individuals or patients with upper respiratory diseases like chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). For this reason, taste receptors may serve as potential therapeutic targets, providing alternatives to conventional antibiotics. This review focuses on the physiology of sweet (T1R) and bitter (T2R) taste receptors in the airway and their activation by secreted bacterial products. There is particular focus on T2R38 in sinonasal ciliated cells, as well as the sweet and bitter receptors found on specialized sinonasal solitary chemosensory cells. Additionally, this review explores the impact of genetic variations in these receptors on the differential susceptibility of patients to upper airway infections, such as CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Carey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert J Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Fu D, Riordan S, Kieran S, Andrews RA, Ring HZ, Ring BZ. Complex relationship between TAS2 receptor variations, bitterness perception, and alcohol consumption observed in a population of wine consumers. Food Funct 2019; 10:1643-1652. [PMID: 30838360 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01578c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Our ability to taste bitterness affects our food choices and alcohol consumption. Alleles in the taste 2 receptor member TAS2R38 have been linked to the ability to perceive bitterness in bitter-tasting compounds and in many foods, and people with these bitterness sensitivity alleles have been shown to be less likely to consume alcohol, presumably because of alcohol's bitter taste. In a survey of 519 participants, almost all of whom regularly consumed alcohol, we observed that genetic variants in TAS2R38 were significantly associated with both increased alcohol consumption and the ability to perceive bitterness in several foods and a bitter chemical. In total, we assayed 39 variants in 25 genes that have been implicated in the genetics of taste perception, and no other variants predicted alcohol consumption. Perception of bitterness in broccoli and a preference for black coffee were also positively associated with alcohol consumption. As the consumption of alcohol is a social activity there may be incentive to appreciate its bitter aspects, and increased perception of bitterness could therefore be associated with consumption of some bitter beverages. As this study's respondents were predominantly frequent consumers of alcohol, these findings may be consistent with previous studies that have seen that increased experience in the consumption of wine is associated with an increased perception of PROP bitterness. Further work elucidating the complex relationship between the genetics of bitter perception and alcohol consumption will better describe these connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denggang Fu
- Institute of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, College of Life Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
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Robino A, Concas MP, Catamo E, Gasparini P. A Brief Review of Genetic Approaches to the Study of Food Preferences: Current Knowledge and Future Directions. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081735. [PMID: 31357559 PMCID: PMC6722914 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation plays a crucial role in individual differences in food preferences which ultimately influence food selection and health. Our current understanding of this pathway has been informed through twin studies (to assess the heritability of food preferences), candidate gene studies, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, most of this literature is mainly focused on genes previously identified as having taste or smell functions. New data suggests that genes not associated with taste or smell perception may be involved in food preferences and contribute to health outcomes. This review highlights these emerging findings and suggests a polygenic risk assessment approach to explore new relationships between food preferences and health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Eulalia Catamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Cont G, Paviotti G, Montico M, Paganin P, Guerra M, Trappan A, Demarini S, Gasparini P, Robino A. TAS2R38 bitter taste genotype is associated with complementary feeding behavior in infants. GENES AND NUTRITION 2019; 14:13. [PMID: 31073343 PMCID: PMC6499955 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-019-0640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Genetically mediated sensitivity to bitter taste has been associated with food preferences and eating behavior in adults and children. The aim of this study was to assess the association between TAS2R38 bitter taste genotype and the first complementary food acceptance in infants. Parents of healthy, breastfed, term-born infants were instructed, at discharge from the nursery, to feed their baby with a first complementary meal of 150 mL at 4 to 6 months of age. They recorded the day when the child ate the whole meal in a questionnaire. Additional data included food composition, breastfeeding duration, feeding practices, and growth at 6 months. Infants’ TAS2R38 genotypes were determined at birth, and infants were classified as “bitter-insensitive” (genotype AVI/AVI) and “bitter-sensitive” (genotypes AVI/PAV or PAV/PAV). Results One hundred seventy-six infants and their mothers were enrolled; completed data were available for 131/176 (74.4%) infants (gestational age 39.3 ± 1.1 weeks, birth weight 3390 ± 430 g). Bitter-insensitive were 45/131 (34.3%), and bitter-sensitive were 86/131 (65.6%). Thirty-one percent of bitter-insensitive infants consumed the whole complementary meal at first attempt, versus 13% of bitter-sensitive ones (p = 0.006). This difference was significant independently of confounding variables such as sex, breastfeeding, or foods used in the meal. Growth at 6 months did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions Differences in TAS2R38 bitter taste gene were associated with acceptance of the first complementary food in infants, suggesting a possible involvement in eating behavior at weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Cont
- 1Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Paviotti
- 1Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marcella Montico
- 1Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Paganin
- 2Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Martina Guerra
- 2Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonella Trappan
- 1Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sergio Demarini
- 1Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- 1Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy.,2Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonietta Robino
- 1Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy
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Patrick ME, Evans-Polce R, Terry-McElrath YM. Faster escalation from first drink to first intoxication as a risk factor for binge and high-intensity drinking among adolescents. Addict Behav 2019; 92:199-202. [PMID: 30658256 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Age of first drink is a key risk factor for adolescent high-risk alcohol use. The current study examined whether speed of escalation from first drink to first intoxication is an additional risk factor, and whether these two factors are associated with binge and high-intensity drinking among adolescents. METHODS Data collected in 2005-2017 from a nationally-representative sample of 11,100 U.S. 12th grade students participating in the Monitoring the Future study were coded to indicate grade of first drink, grade of first intoxication, and speed of escalation from first drink to first intoxication. Logistic regression models estimated bivariate and multivariable odds of past 2-week binge (5+ drinks in a row) and high-intensity (10+ drinks in a row) drinking in 12th grade. RESULTS Of those who reported intoxication by 12th grade, almost 60% reported first drunkenness in the same grade in which they first drank. The likelihoods of 12th grade binge and high-intensity drinking were significantly associated with both grade of first drink and speed of escalation to intoxication. Past two-week high-intensity drinking prevalence was 17.4% among those with immediate (same-grade) escalation from first drink to first intoxication; 15.8% among those with a 1-grade delay, and 12.6% among those with a 2+ grade delay to intoxication. CONCLUSIONS The majority of students escalate quickly from having their first drink to being intoxicated for the first time. Both earlier age of first drink and a faster escalation from first drink to first intoxication are important indicators of binge and high-intensity drinking risk among adolescents.
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Cornelis MC. Genetic determinants of beverage consumption: Implications for nutrition and health. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2019; 89:1-52. [PMID: 31351524 PMCID: PMC7047661 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Beverages make important contributions to nutritional intake and their role in health has received much attention. This review focuses on the genetic determinants of common beverage consumption and how research in this field is contributing insight to what and how much we consume and why this genetic knowledge matters from a research and public health perspective. The earliest efforts in gene-beverage behavior mapping involved genetic linkage and candidate gene analysis but these approaches have been largely replaced by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). GWAS have identified biologically plausible loci underlying alcohol and coffee drinking behavior. No GWAS has identified variants specifically associated with consumption of tea, juice, soda, wine, beer, milk or any other common beverage. Thus far, GWAS highlight an important behavior-reward component (as opposed to taste) to beverage consumption which may serve as a potential barrier to dietary interventions. Loci identified have been used in Mendelian randomization and gene×beverage interaction analysis of disease but results have been mixed. This research is necessary as it informs the clinical relevance of SNP-beverage associations and thus genotype-based personalized nutrition, which is gaining interest in the commercial and public health sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn C Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
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Ano Y, Hoshi A, Ayabe T, Ohya R, Uchida S, Yamada K, Kondo K, Kitaoka S, Furuyashiki T. Iso-α-acids, the bitter components of beer, improve hippocampus-dependent memory through vagus nerve activation. FASEB J 2019; 33:4987-4995. [PMID: 30601670 PMCID: PMC6436653 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801868rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Iso-α-acids (IAAs) are hop-derived bitter acids of beer. Epidemiologic studies suggest that moderate alcohol consumption is beneficial for cognitive function, but they do not show the ingredients in alcoholic beverages. Previously, we reported that long-term consumption of IAAs prevents inflammation and Alzheimer pathologies in mice, but their effects on cognitive function have not been evaluated. In the present study, we demonstrated that the consumption of IAAs improves spatial and object recognition memory functions not only in normal Crl:CD1(ICR) male mice but also in mice with pharmacologically induced amnesia. IAA consumption increased the total and extracellular levels of dopamine in the hippocampus of mice and Sprague-Dawley male rats, respectively. Dopamine D1 receptor antagonist treatment and knockdown of dopamine D1 receptor expression in the hippocampus attenuated IAA-induced spatial memory improvement. Furthermore, vagotomy attenuated the effects of IAAs in improving spatial and object recognition memory functions and increasing the total level of dopamine in the hippocampus. These results suggest that the consumption of IAAs activates dopamine D1 receptor-signaling in the hippocampus in a vagus nerve-dependent manner and, consequently, improves spatial and object recognition memory functions. Vagal activation with food components including IAAs may be an easy and safe approach to improve cognitive functions.-Ano, Y., Hoshi, A., Ayabe, T., Ohya, R., Uchida, S., Yamada, K., Kondo, K., Kitaoka, S., Furuyashiki, T. Iso-α-acids, the bitter components of beer, improve hippocampus-dependent memory through vagus nerve activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhisa Ano
- Research Laboratories for Health Science and Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, Yokohama-shi, Japan
| | - Ayaka Hoshi
- Research Laboratories for Health Science and Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, Yokohama-shi, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Ayabe
- Research Laboratories for Health Science and Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, Yokohama-shi, Japan
| | - Rena Ohya
- Research Laboratories for Health Science and Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, Yokohama-shi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Uchida
- Research and Development Division, Central Nervous System Research Laboratories, Central Nervous System (CNS) Research and Development Unit, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Company, Limited, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Yamada
- Research and Development Division, Central Nervous System Research Laboratories, Central Nervous System (CNS) Research and Development Unit, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Company, Limited, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Keiji Kondo
- Research Laboratories for Health Science and Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, Yokohama-shi, Japan
| | - Shiho Kitaoka
- Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe-shi, Japan; and
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development–Centers of Research Excellence in Science and Technology (AMED–CREST) Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Furuyashiki
- Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe-shi, Japan; and
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development–Centers of Research Excellence in Science and Technology (AMED–CREST) Tokyo, Japan
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Zoghbi M, Stone A, Papsavas P, Swede H, Hubert P, Tisher D, Duffy VB. Evaluating Taste Preferences and Dietary Quality with a Simple Liking Survey: Application in Bariatric Treatment Settings. Bariatr Surg Pract Patient Care 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/bari.2017.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Zoghbi
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Andrea Stone
- Department of Surgery, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Pavlos Papsavas
- Department of Surgery, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Helen Swede
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Patrice Hubert
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Darren Tisher
- Department of Surgery, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Valerie B. Duffy
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
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Martin LE, Nikonova LV, Kay KE, Torregrossa AM. Altering salivary protein profile can increase acceptance of a novel bitter diet. Appetite 2019; 136:8-17. [PMID: 30639842 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Bitter taste is often associated with toxins, but accepting some bitter foods, such as green vegetables, can be an important part of maintaining a healthy diet. In rats and humans, repeated exposure to a bitter stimulus increases acceptance. Repeated exposure allows an individual the opportunity to learn about the food's orosensory and postingestive effects. It also alters the salivary protein (SP) profile, which in turn alters taste signaling. We have hypothesized that altering the salivary proteome plays a role in the increased acceptance after repeated exposure. Here we test this and attempt to disentangle the contribution of learning during dietary exposure from the contribution of SPs in increased acceptance of bitter diet. Dietary exposure to quinine or tannic acid and injection of isoproterenol (IPR) result in similar salivary protein profiles. Here we used either the bitter stimulus tannic acid or IPR injection to upregulate a subset of SPs before exposing animals to a novel diet containing quinine (0.375%). Control animals received either a control diet before being exposed to quinine, or a diet containing sucrose octaacetate, a compound that the animals avoid but does not alter SP profiles. The treatments that alter SP expression increased rate of feeding on the quinine diet compared to the control treatments. Additionally, tannic acid exposure altered intake and meal size of the quinine diet. These data suggest that SPs, not just learning about bitter food, increase acceptance of the bitter diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Martin
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14216, USA
| | - Larissa V Nikonova
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Kristen E Kay
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14216, USA
| | - Ann-Marie Torregrossa
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14216, USA.
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Common roasting defects in coffee: Aroma composition, sensory characterization and consumer perception. Food Qual Prefer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Sandell MA, Collado MC. Genetic variation in the TAS2R38 taste receptor contributes to the oral microbiota in North and South European locations: a pilot study. GENES AND NUTRITION 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s12263-018-0617-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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64
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Ong JS, Hwang LD, Zhong VW, An J, Gharahkhani P, Breslin PAS, Wright MJ, Lawlor DA, Whitfield J, MacGregor S, Martin NG, Cornelis MC. Understanding the role of bitter taste perception in coffee, tea and alcohol consumption through Mendelian randomization. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16414. [PMID: 30442986 PMCID: PMC6237869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of coffee, tea and alcohol might be shaped by individual differences in bitter taste perception but inconsistent observational findings provide little insight regarding causality. We conducted Mendelian randomization analyses using genetic variants associated with the perception of bitter substances (rs1726866 for propylthiouracil [PROP], rs10772420 for quinine and rs2597979 for caffeine) to evaluate the intake of coffee, tea and alcohol among up to 438,870 UK Biobank participants. A standard deviation (SD) higher in genetically predicted bitterness of caffeine was associated with increased coffee intake (0.146 [95%CI: 0.103, 0.189] cups/day), whereas a SD higher in those of PROP and quinine was associated with decreased coffee intake (-0.021 [-0.031, -0.011] and -0.081 [-0.108, -0.054] cups/day respectively). Higher caffeine perception was also associated with increased risk of being a heavy (>4 cups/day) coffee drinker (OR 1.207 [1.126, 1.294]). Opposite pattern of associations was observed for tea possibly due to the inverse relationship between both beverages. Alcohol intake was only negatively associated with PROP perception (-0.141 [-1.88, -0.94] times/month per SD increase in PROP bitterness). Our results reveal that bitter perception is causally associated with intake of coffee, tea and alcohol, suggesting a role of bitter taste in the development of bitter beverage consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue-Sheng Ong
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Liang-Dar Hwang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Victor W Zhong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiyuan An
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Paul A S Breslin
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - John Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Marilyn C Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Baker AN, Miranda AM, Garneau NL, Hayes JE. Self-reported Smoking Status, TAS2R38 Variants, and Propylthiouracil Phenotype: An Exploratory Crowdsourced Cohort Study. Chem Senses 2018; 43:617-625. [PMID: 30137252 PMCID: PMC6150776 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjy053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TAS2R38 gene variants, which confer sensitivity to specific bitter tastants (e.g., 6-n-propylthiouracil), have been repeatedly associated with lower alcohol use via greater bitterness perception, but research exploring TAS2R38 variation in relation to smoking shows mixed results. In both, the working hypothesis is that 1 or more copies of the functional allele increases bitterness and may provide a barrier to early use. Such a barrier to initiation may, conceivably, manifest as differential rates of current use across diplotypes. Here, an age-diverse convenience sample (n = 886) of Denver Museum of Nature and Science guests was used to explore cross-sectional relationships between TAS2R38 diplotype, self-reported tobacco use (current, former, never smokers), and a rapid measure of 6-n-propylthiouracil phenotype (bitterness of filter paper discs). TAS2R38 diplotypes were determined by Sanger sequencing. After excluding rare diplotypes, data from 814 participants were analyzed. A mix of current (~10%), former (25%), and never smokers (65%) were included. As expected, there was a relationship between TAS2R38 diplotype and 6-n-propylthiouracil bitterness. However, contrary to our hypothesis, there was no evidence of a relationship between diplotype and smoker status among participants with common TAS2R38 diplotypes. Notably, we observed a relationship between of 6-n-propylthiouracil bitterness and smoking status, but the effect was opposite of what was expected: current smokers perceived higher (not lower) bitterness than never smokers. When all the various factors (diplotype, age, sex, and smoking status) were included in ANOVA, all remained predictive of 6-n-propylthiouracil bitterness. Reasons for greater phenotypic bitterness among current smokers are unknown and merit further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison N Baker
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Anjelica M Miranda
- Health Sciences Department, The Genetics of Taste Lab, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Nicole L Garneau
- Health Sciences Department, The Genetics of Taste Lab, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Denver, CO, USA
| | - John E Hayes
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Lambert JD, VanDusen SR, Cockroft JE, Smith EC, Greenwood DC, Cade JE. Bitter taste sensitivity, food intake, and risk of malignant cancer in the UK Women’s Cohort Study. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:2111-2121. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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67
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The Role of Taste Receptors in Airway Innate Immune Defense. SINUSITIS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/sinusitis3020006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Yamaki M, Saito H, Isono K, Goto T, Shirakawa H, Shoji N, Satoh-Kuriwada S, Sasano T, Okada R, Kudoh K, Motoi F, Unno M, Komai M. Genotyping Analysis of Bitter-Taste Receptor Genes TAS2R38 and TAS2R46 in Japanese Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2018; 63:148-154. [PMID: 28552880 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.63.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Type-2 bitter-taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are important for the evaluation of food quality and the nutritional control in animals. Mutations in some TAS2Rs including TAS2R38 are known to increase susceptibility to various diseases. However, the involvement of TAS2Rs in cancers has not been well understood. We conducted a pilot study by genotyping two TAS2R genes, TAS2R38 and TAS2R46, in Japanese cancer patients diagnosed with the following types of cancer: biliary tract cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. We selected the two TAS2Rs because they carry virtually non-functional alleles in human populations. We found that cancer risk is not associated with any TAS2R46 genotypes since there were no significant differences in genotype frequencies between cancer patients and controls. On the other hand, we confirmed that phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) non-tasters homozygous (AVI/AVI) for TAS2R38 were more frequent among Japanese cancer patients than those among controls as suggested in a previous study. The AVI/AVI genotype was therefore considered to increases cancer risk. In contrast, we also found that homozygous (PAV/PAV) PTC tasters are less frequent among cancer patients, suggesting that the PAV/PAV is a cancer resistant genotype that decreases cancer risk. Genotype frequencies for heterozygous AVI/PAV genotype were not significantly different between the two groups. It is suggested that the risk and resistance of cancers is antagonistically controlled by the two TAS2R38 alleles, PAV and AVI, rather than by the AVI allele alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Yamaki
- Department of Science of Food Function and Health, Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology for Future Bioindustries, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | - Hiroki Saito
- Department of Science of Food Function and Health, Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology for Future Bioindustries, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | - Kunio Isono
- Department of Science of Food Function and Health, Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology for Future Bioindustries, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | - Tomoko Goto
- Department of Science of Food Function and Health, Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology for Future Bioindustries, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Department of Science of Food Function and Health, Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology for Future Bioindustries, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | - Noriaki Shoji
- Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Division of Oral Diagnosis, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Shizuko Satoh-Kuriwada
- Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Division of Oral Diagnosis, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Takashi Sasano
- Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Division of Oral Diagnosis, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Ryo Okada
- Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Division of Surgery, Fukushima Medical University.,Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Katsuyoshi Kudoh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Fuyuhiko Motoi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Michio Komai
- Department of Science of Food Function and Health, Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology for Future Bioindustries, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
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Triantafillou V, Workman AD, Kohanski MA, Cohen NA. Taste Receptor Polymorphisms and Immune Response: A Review of Receptor Genotypic-Phenotypic Variations and Their Relevance to Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:64. [PMID: 29564227 PMCID: PMC5845873 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bitter (T2R) and sweet taste (T1R) receptors have emerged as regulators of upper airway immune responses. Genetic variation of these taste receptors additionally confers susceptibility to infection and has been implicated in severity of disease in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Ongoing taste receptor research has identified a variety of biologically active compounds that activate T1R and T2R receptors, increasing our understanding of not only additional receptor isoforms and their function but also how receptor function may contribute to the pathophysiology of CRS. This review will discuss the function of taste receptors in mediating airway immunity with a focus on recently described modulators of receptor function and directions for future research into the potential role of genotypic and phenotypic receptor variation as a predictor of airway disease and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Triantafillou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alan D Workman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael A Kohanski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Noam A Cohen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Shizukuda S, Marchini JS, Adell A, Santos MA, Brandao CFC, Lima CMM, Cunha SFC, Itikawa EN, Silvah JH. Influences of weight, age, gender, genetics, diseases, and ethnicity on bitterness perception: a narrative review of current methodological aspects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s41110-018-0069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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71
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Loney GC, Meyer PJ. Brief Exposures to the Taste of Ethanol (EtOH) and Quinine Promote Subsequent Acceptance of EtOH in a Paradigm that Minimizes Postingestive Consequences. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:589-602. [PMID: 29240979 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aversion to the orosensory properties of concentrated ethanol (EtOH) solutions is often cited as a primary barrier to initiation of drinking and may contribute to abstention. These aversive properties include gustatory processes which encompass both bitter-like taste qualities and trigeminal-mediated irritation. Chronic intermittent EtOH access (CIA) results in substantial and persistent increases in EtOH consumption, but the degree to which this facilitation involves sensory responding to EtOH and other bitter stimuli is currently undetermined. METHODS Long-Evans rats were given brief-access licking tests designed to examine the immediate, taste-guided assessment of the palatability of EtOH and quinine solutions. Rats were assessed once in a naïve state and again following previous brief-access exposure, or following 4 weeks of CIA. The relationship between the sensitivity to the aversive orosensory properties of EtOH and quinine following EtOH access and the impact of antecedent quinine exposure on the acceptance of EtOH were determined in 2 parallel studies. RESULTS Both brief access to EtOH and 4-week CIA resulted in substantial rightward shifts in the concentration-response function of brief-access EtOH licking, indicating that EtOH exposure increased acceptance of the taste of EtOH. The initial sensitivity to the aversive orosensory properties of EtOH and quinine was positively correlated in naïve rats, such that rats that were initially more accepting of quinine were also more accepting of EtOH. Rats that sampled quinine immediately prior to tasting EtOH exhibited successive positive contrast in that they were more accepting of highly concentrated EtOH, relative to a water-control group. CONCLUSIONS Increased EtOH acceptance following exposure is, at least in part, facilitated by a decrease in its aversive sensory properties. Both long- and short-term access increase the palatability of the taste of EtOH in brief-access licking tests. Moreover, the sensitivity to the bitterness of quinine was predictive of acceptance of EtOH indicating some commonality in the sensory mechanisms that mediate the initial acceptance of the 2 stimuli. Accordingly, immediate prior exposure to quinine results in increased acceptance of EtOH, suggesting that successive positive contrast between oral stimuli may contribute to increased alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory C Loney
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Paul J Meyer
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
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72
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Riccio MP, Franco C, Negri R, Ferrentino RI, Maresca R, D'alterio E, Greco L, Bravaccio C. Is food refusal in autistic children related to TAS2R38 genotype? Autism Res 2017; 11:531-538. [PMID: 29282878 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Several studies suggest that atypical eating behaviors, in particular food selectivity, are more frequent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A link between bitter taste perception, namely PROP/PTC sensitivity and food preferences is known in healthy children. The aim of this study is to investigate whether genetic variants of the TAS2R38 taste receptor responsible for different bitter sensitivity could affect foods preferences and consequently food refusal in ASD children. We recruited 43 children with ASD and 41 with normotypic development (TD) with or without food selectivity, aged between 2 and 11 years. Children were characterized for bitter sensitivity by means of PROP strips and FACS analysis and genotyped for TAS2R38 polymorphisms. Food selectivity was assessed by a validated food preference questionnaire filled by parents. A statistically significant correlation between PROP sensitivity and food refusal was observed. Furthermore, a prevalence of the PAV-sensitive haplotype compared to the AVI-insensitive one was seen in ASD children with food selectivity. In agreement with the initial hypothesis the results show that food refusal in ASD children is mediated by bitter taste sensitivity thus suggesting that the bitter sensitivity test may be used as a device to orientate tailored food proposals for the practical management of food selectivity in ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 531-538. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY A variation of the gene TAS2R38, associated with bitter taste sensitivity, can cause a different perception of some foods. In particular, some children are hypersensitive to bitterness and show a more restricted repertoire of accepted foods. We evaluate bitter sensitivity in ASD children with or without food selectivity, through a simple bitter taste test with edible strips. The results show that food refusal in ASD children can be mediated by bitter taste sensitivity thus suggesting that the bitter sensitivity test may be used as a device to orientate tailored food proposals for the practical management of food selectivity in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Riccio
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Section of Child Psychiatry, University of Federico II Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Franco
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rossella Negri
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Ida Ferrentino
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Naples "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Maresca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Naples "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa D'alterio
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Naples "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Greco
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Bravaccio
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Section of Child Psychiatry, University of Federico II Naples, Italy
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73
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Thibodeau M, Pickering GJ. The role of taste in alcohol preference, consumption and risk behavior. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:676-692. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1387759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Thibodeau
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Gary J. Pickering
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
- Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
- Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
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74
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Workman AD, Brooks SG, Kohanski MA, Blasetti MT, Cowart BJ, Mansfield C, Kennedy DW, Palmer JN, Adappa ND, Reed DR, Cohen NA. Bitter and sweet taste tests are reflective of disease status in chronic rhinosinusitis. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2017; 6:1078-1080. [PMID: 29054707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Workman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Steven G Brooks
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Michael A Kohanski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Mariel T Blasetti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | | | | | - David W Kennedy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - James N Palmer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Nithin D Adappa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | | | - Noam A Cohen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Otolaryngology, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa.
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Terry-McElrath YM, Stern SA, Patrick ME. Do alcohol use reasons and contexts differentiate adolescent high-intensity drinking? Data from U.S. high school seniors, 2005-2016. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2017; 31:775-785. [PMID: 28933869 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine associations between (a) self-reported reasons for and contexts of alcohol use and (b) high-intensity drinking (i.e., having 10+ drinks in a row in the past 2 weeks) among national samples of U.S. 12th grade students. Data were obtained from 16,902 students who reported any past 12-month alcohol use from nationally representative annual 12th grade student samples from 2005-2016. When asked about drinking behavior during the past 2 weeks, 72% reported consuming less than 5 drinks at most during 1 drinking occasion; 14% reported 5-9 drinks, 7% reported 10-14 drinks, and 7% reported 15+ drinks. Adolescent drinkers in all categories (<5, 5-9, 10-14, and 15+ drinks) endorsed "to have a good time" as the most prevalent reason for alcohol use, and "at a party" as the most prevalent context of alcohol use. However, high-intensity drinking was particularly likely among adolescents drinking for coping, compulsive use, and drug effect reasons, as well as those who enjoyed the taste. Having 15+ drinks (vs. 10-14 drinks) was particularly associated with compulsive use and enjoying the taste. The relative risk of any high-intensity drinking, and of higher levels of high-intensity drinking involvement, increased with the total number of reasons and contexts endorsed. Alcohol appears to serve a larger number of functions for high-intensity drinking adolescents than non-high-intensity drinking youth. (PsycINFO Database Record
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76
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Carrai M, Campa D, Vodicka P, Flamini R, Martelli I, Slyskova J, Jiraskova K, Rejhova A, Vodenkova S, Canzian F, Bertelli A, Dalla Vedova A, Bavaresco L, Vodickova L, Barale R. Association between taste receptor (TAS) genes and the perception of wine characteristics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9239. [PMID: 28835712 PMCID: PMC5569080 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have suggested a possible relationship between polymorphic variants of the taste receptors genes and the acceptance, liking and intake of food and beverages. In the last decade investigators have attempted to link the individual ability to taste 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) and the sensations, such as astringency and bitterness, elicited by wine or its components, but with contradictory results. We have used the genotype instead of the phenotype (responsiveness to PROP or other tastants), to test the possible relation between genetic variability and the perception of wine characteristic in 528 subjects from Italy and the Czech Republic. We observed several interesting associations, among which the association between several TAS2R38 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (P = 0.002) and the TAS2R16-rs6466849 polymorphism with wine sourness P = 0.0003). These associations were consistent in both populations, even though the country of origin was an important factor in the two models, thus indicating therefore that genetics alongside cultural factors also play a significant role in the individual liking of wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Carrai
- Department of Biology, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Science of Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Centre, Medical School Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | | | - Irene Martelli
- Sistemi Territoriali S.r.l., 56021, Cascina Loc, San Prospero, Italy
| | - Jana Slyskova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Science of Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Jiraskova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Science of Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra Rejhova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Science of Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Vodenkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Science of Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,1st Medical Faculty, Charles University in Prague, 12000, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alberto Bertelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Bavaresco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Pomology and Viticulture Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Science of Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Centre, Medical School Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Abstract
Introduction There is significant concern over the health implications of increased consumption of sugars added to foods and beverages. Understanding the increase in sugar intake, as well as consideration of potential substitutes will require research in multiple domains. Research on hedonic ratings of sucrose suggests that individuals can be classified into two distinct liking profiles: sweet likers and sweet non-likers. However, no known studies have investigated liking for the natural, nonnutritive sweetener, stevia. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between liking of stevia and sucrose as a function of beverage background. Methods Forty young adults, 20 high concentration and 20 moderate concentration stevia likers, gave intensity and pleasantness ratings for stevia blend and sucrose taste solutions that varied in concentration and background. Results The results revealed a significant relationship between stevia blend liking and sucrose liking. The majority of stevia high concentration likers were high concentration sucrose likers. Pleasantness ratings also significantly varied as a function of background: the discrepancy in pleasantness ratings between stevia blend high concentration likers and moderate concentration likers observed in distilled water was attenuated in a citric beverage background. Conclusions The majority of high concentration stevia likers were sucrose likers; however, pleasantness ratings also significantly varied as a function of stimulus background. Implications Limiting sucrose in the modern diet is an important research area for diabetes and other health issues. The results suggest that perception of pleasantness and sweetness at varying sweetener concentrations is not fully generalizable from one beverage background to another.
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78
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Beckett EL, Duesing K, Boyd L, Yates Z, Veysey M, Lucock M. A potential sex dimorphism in the relationship between bitter taste and alcohol consumption. Food Funct 2017; 8:1116-1123. [PMID: 28164195 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01759b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bitterness is an innate aversive taste important in detecting potentially toxic substances, including alcohol. However, bitter compounds exist in many foods and beverages, and can be desirable, such as in beer. TAS2R38 is a well-studied bitter taste receptor with common polymorphisms. Some have reported relationships between TAS2R38 genotypes, bitter taste phenotype and alcohol intake, however results have been mixed. These mixed results may be explained by the varying taste properties of different alcoholic beverages or a sex dimorphism in responses. METHODS Bitter taste phenotype was assessed using PROP taste test and TAS2R38-P49A genotype was assessed by RFLP-PCR. Alcohol intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire and classified by beverage type (beer, wine, spirits or mixed drinks). The relationships between bitter taste phenotype and carriage of the P allele of the TAS2R38-A49P gene and alcohol intake were assessed adjusted for and stratified by sex, and the interaction between taste and sex was evaluated. RESULTS The relationship between alcohol intake and bitter taste phenotype varied by beverage type, with significant results for beer, spirits and mixed drinks, but not wine. When stratified, results varied by sex, and were only significant in males. Significant interactions were found for taster phenotype and sex (total alcohol intake and intake of beer and spirits). Results were similar for carriage of the TAS2R38-P49A P allele. CONCLUSIONS Sex-specific interactions between bitter taste phenotype, TAS2R38 genotype and alcohol intake may explain variance in previous studies and may have implications for sex-specific disease risk and public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Louise Beckett
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW 2258, Australia. and Food and Nutrition Flagship, CSIRO, NSW, Australia and School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Lyndell Boyd
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW 2258, Australia.
| | - Zoe Yates
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia
| | - Martin Veysey
- School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia and Teaching and Research Unit, Central Coast Local Health District, PO Box 361, Gosford, 2250, Australia
| | - Mark Lucock
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW 2258, Australia.
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Risso DS, Giuliani C, Antinucci M, Morini G, Garagnani P, Tofanelli S, Luiselli D. A bio-cultural approach to the study of food choice: The contribution of taste genetics, population and culture. Appetite 2017; 114:240-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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80
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Choi JH, Lee J, Yang S, Kim J. Genetic variations in taste perception modify alcohol drinking behavior in Koreans. Appetite 2017; 113:178-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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81
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Genetic diversity of bitter taste receptor gene family in Sichuan domestic and Tibetan chicken populations. J Genet 2017; 95:675-81. [PMID: 27659339 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-016-0684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The sense of bitter taste plays a critical role in animals as it can help them to avoid intake of toxic and harmful substances. Previous research had revealed that chicken has only three bitter taste receptor genes (Tas2r1, Tas2r2 and Tas2r7). To better understand the genetic polymorphisms and importance of bitter taste receptor genes (Tas2rs) in chicken, here, we sequenced Tas2rs of 30 Sichuan domestic chickens and 30 Tibetan chickens. Thirteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) including three nonsynonymous mutations (m.359G>C, m.503C>A and m.583A>G) were detected in Tas2r1 (m. is the abbreviation for mutation); three SNPs were detected in Tas2r2, but none of them were missense mutation; eight SNPs were detected in Tas2r7 including six nonsynonymous substitutions (m.178G>A, m.421A>C, m.787C>T, m.832G>T, m.907A>T and m.943G>A). Tajima's D neutral test indicates that there is no population expansion in both populations, and the size of the population is relatively stable. All the three networks indicate that red jungle fowls share haplotypes with domestic chickens. In addition, we found that haplotypes H1 and HE1 were positively associated with high-altitude adaptation, whereas haplotypes H4 and HE4 showed a negative correlation with high-altitude adaptation in Tas2rs. Although, chicken has only three Tas2rs, our results showed that both Sichuan domestic chickens and Tibetan chickens have abundant haplotypes in Tas2rs, especially in Tas2r7, which might help chickens to recognize a wide variety of bitter-tasting compounds.
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82
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Hayes JE, Johnson SL. Sensory Aspects of Bitter and Sweet Tastes During Early Childhood. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/nt.0000000000000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Developmental Readiness, Caregiver and Child Feeding Behaviors, and Sensory Science as a Framework for Feeding Young Children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/nt.0000000000000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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84
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85
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Barragán R, Coltell O, Asensio EM, Francés F, Sorlí JV, Estruch R, Salas-Huetos A, Ordovas JM, Corella D. MicroRNAs and Drinking: Association between the Pre-miR-27a rs895819 Polymorphism and Alcohol Consumption in a Mediterranean Population. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1338. [PMID: 27537871 PMCID: PMC5000735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, microRNAs (miRNA) have been proposed as regulators in the different processes involved in alcohol intake, and differences have been found in the miRNA expression profile in alcoholics. However, no study has focused on analyzing polymorphisms in genes encoding miRNAs and daily alcohol consumption at the population level. Our aim was to investigate the association between a functional polymorphism in the pre-miR-27a (rs895819 A>G) gene and alcohol consumption in an elderly population. We undertook a cross-sectional study of PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Valencia participants (n = 1007, including men and women aged 67 ± 7 years) and measured their alcohol consumption (total and alcoholic beverages) through a validated questionnaire. We found a strong association between the pre-miR-27a polymorphism and total alcohol intake, this being higher in GG subjects (5.2 ± 0.4 in AA, 5.9 ± 0.5 in AG and 9.1 ± 1.8 g/day in GG; padjusted = 0.019). We also found a statistically-significant association of the pre-miR-27a polymorphism with the risk of having a high alcohol intake (>2 drinks/day in men and >1 in women): 5.9% in AA versus 17.5% in GG; padjusted < 0.001. In the sensitivity analysis, this association was homogeneous for sex, obesity and Mediterranean diet adherence. In conclusion, we report for the first time a significant association between a miRNA polymorphism (rs895819) and daily alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Barragán
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Oscar Coltell
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
- Department of Computer Languages and Systems, School of Technology and Experimental Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón 12071, Spain.
| | - Eva M Asensio
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Francesc Francés
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - José V Sorlí
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona 08036, Spain.
| | - Albert Salas-Huetos
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43003, Spain.
| | - Jose M Ordovas
- Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain.
- IMDEA Alimentación, Madrid 28049, Spain.
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
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86
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Duffy VB, Rawal S, Park J, Brand MH, Sharafi M, Bolling BW. Characterizing and improving the sensory and hedonic responses to polyphenol-rich aronia berry juice. Appetite 2016; 107:116-125. [PMID: 27457970 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Interest in nutrient-rich berry juices is growing, but their high polyphenol levels render them sensorily unappealing. Fifty adults, who were assessed for sensory phenotype and dietary behaviors, provided sensory and palatability ratings of juices from 'Viking' aronia berries for each of seven harvest weeks. By peak harvest, juice preference increased two-fold, averaging neither like/dislike. This hedonic shift was associated with: increases in juice sugars paralleling increases in perceived sweetness (maximum = weak); reductions in percent acidity paralleling reductions in sourness (minimum = moderate), astringency (minimum = to just above weak) and bitterness (minimum = just below weak). About 25% of adults liked the aronia juice, including adults who also liked an aqueous citric acid solution (average rating = moderately sour) or those who reported adventurous eating behaviors. Bitter taste phenotype, measured by propylthiouracil or quinine bitterness, failed to explain significant variation in juice sensation or preference. We also collected sensory and preference ratings from juice collected at peak harvest blended with sugar and/or sweet olfactory flavoring (10 ppm ethyl butyrate). Increasing juice sweetness by adding 5% sucrose decreased sourness and improved preference from weak dislike to weak like. Adding sweet olfactory flavoring decreased juice sourness without changing preference. Adding sweet flavoring and 3% sucrose resulted in reduction of sourness and improvements in preference ratings comparable to 5% added sucrose. Neither added sugar nor flavoring blocked juice astringency. In summary, these findings suggest that aronia juice, even from berries picked at peak harvest, appealed to only a few adults (sour likers or adventurous eaters). Although enhanced sweetness, with added sugar and sweet olfactory flavoring, improved aronia juice preference, broader sensory approaches are required to blunt astringency for greater consumer appeal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie B Duffy
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - Shristi Rawal
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jeeha Park
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Mark H Brand
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Mastaneh Sharafi
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Bradley W Bolling
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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87
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Ribani A, Bertolini F, Schiavo G, Scotti E, Utzeri VJ, Dall'Olio S, Trevisi P, Bosi P, Fontanesi L. Next generation semiconductor based sequencing of bitter taste receptor genes in different pig populations and association analysis using a selective DNA pool-seq approach. Anim Genet 2016; 48:97-102. [PMID: 27435880 DOI: 10.1111/age.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Taste perception in animals affects feed intake and may influence production traits. In particular, bitter is sensed by receptors encoded by the family of TAS2R genes. In this research, using a DNA pool-seq approach coupled with next generation semiconductor based target resequencing, we analysed nine porcine TAS2R genes (TAS2R1, TAS2R3, TAS2R4, TAS2R7, TAS2R9, TAS2R10, TAS2R16, TAS2R38 and TAS2R39) to identify variability and, at the same time, estimate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele frequencies in several populations and testing differences in an association analysis. Equimolar DNA pools were prepared for five pig breeds (Italian Duroc, Italian Landrace, Pietrain, Meishan and Casertana) and wild boars (5-10 individuals each) and for two groups of Italian Large White pigs with extreme and divergent back fat thickness (50 + 50 pigs). About 1.8 million reads were obtained by sequencing amplicons generated from these pools. A total of 125 SNPs were identified, of which 37 were missense mutations. Three of them (p.Ile53Phe and p.Trp85Leu in TAS2R4; p.Leu37Ser in TAS2R39) could have important effects on the function of these bitter taste receptors, based on in silico predictions. Variability in wild boars seems lower than that in domestic breeds potentially as a result of selective pressure in the wild towards defensive bitter taste perception. Three SNPs in TAS2R38 and TAS2R39 were significantly associated with back fat thickness. These results may be important to understand the complexity of taste perception and their associated effects that could be useful to develop nutrigenetic approaches in pig breeding and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ribani
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Bertolini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Schiavo
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Scotti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - V J Utzeri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Dall'Olio
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Trevisi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Bosi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Fontanesi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
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88
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Carey RM, Adappa ND, Palmer JN, Lee RJ, Cohen NA. Taste Receptors: Regulators of Sinonasal Innate Immunity. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2016; 1:88-95. [PMID: 27819057 PMCID: PMC5089074 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Taste receptors in the oral cavity guide our preferences for foods, preventing toxic ingestions and encouraging proper nutrient consumption. More recently, expression of taste receptors has been demonstrated in other locations throughout the body, including the airway, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and brain. The extent and specific roles of extraoral taste receptors are largely unknown, but a growing body of evidence suggests that taste receptors in the airway serve a critical role in sensing bacteria and regulating innate immunity. This review will focus on the function of bitter and sweet taste receptors in the human airway, with particular emphasis on T2R38, a bitter taste receptor found in sinonasal ciliated cells, and the bitter and sweet receptors found on specialized sinonasal solitary chemosensory cells. The importance of these novel taste receptor‐immune circuits in the human airway and their clinical relevance in airway disease will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Carey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Ravdin Building, 5 floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Nithin D Adappa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Ravdin Building, 5 floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - James N Palmer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Ravdin Building, 5 floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Robert J Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Ravdin Building, 5 floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Noam A Cohen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Ravdin Building, 5 floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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89
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Roudnitzky N, Risso D, Drayna D, Behrens M, Meyerhof W, Wooding SP. Copy Number Variation in TAS2R Bitter Taste Receptor Genes: Structure, Origin, and Population Genetics. Chem Senses 2016; 41:649-59. [PMID: 27340135 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjw067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bitter taste receptor genes (TAS2Rs) harbor extensive diversity, which is broadly distributed across human populations and strongly associated with taste response phenotypes. The majority of TAS2R variation is composed of single-nucleotide polymorphisms. However, 2 closely positioned loci at 12p13, TAS2R43 and -45, harbor high-frequency deletion (Δ) alleles in which genomic segments are absent, resulting in copy number variation (CNV). To resolve their chromosomal structure and organization, we generated maps using long-range contig alignments and local sequencing across the TAS2R43-45 region. These revealed that the deletion alleles (43Δ and 45Δ) are 37.8 and 32.2kb in length, respectively and span the complete coding region of each gene (~1kb) along with extensive up- and downstream flanking sequence, producing separate CNVs at the 2 loci. Comparisons with a chimpanzee genome, which contained intact homologs of TAS2R43, -45, and nearby TAS2Rs, indicated that the deletions evolved recently, through unequal recombination in a cluster of closely related loci. Population genetic analyses in 946 subjects from 52 worldwide populations revealed that copy number ranged from 0 to 2 at both TAS2R43 and TAS2R45, with 43Δ and 45Δ occurring at high global frequencies (0.33 and 0.18). Estimated recombination rates between the loci were low (ρ = 2.7×10(-4); r = 6.6×10(-9)) and linkage disequilibrium was high (D' = 1.0), consistent with their adjacent genomic positioning and recent origin. Geographic variation pointed to an African origin for the deletions. However, no signatures of natural selection were found in population structure or integrated haplotype scores spanning the region, suggesting that patterns of diversity at TAS2R43 and -45 are primarily due to genetic drift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Roudnitzky
- Department of Molecular Genetics, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Davide Risso
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA and
| | - Dennis Drayna
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA and
| | - Maik Behrens
- Department of Molecular Genetics, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Meyerhof
- Department of Molecular Genetics, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Stephen P Wooding
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA
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90
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Genetic Variation in the TAS2R38 Bitter Taste Receptor and Gastric Cancer Risk in Koreans. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26904. [PMID: 27245112 PMCID: PMC4887993 DOI: 10.1038/srep26904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human TAS2R38 gene encodes a bitter taste receptor that regulates the bitterness perception and differentiation of ingested nutritional/poisonous compounds in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. TAS2R38 gene variants are associated with alterations in individual sensitivity to bitter taste and food intake; hence, these genetic variants may modify the risk for diet-related diseases, including cancer. However, little is known about the association between TAS2R38 polymorphisms and gastric cancer susceptibility. The present case-control study examined the influence of TAS2R38 polymorphisms on food intake and determined whether they predict gastric cancer risk in Koreans. A total of 1,580 subjects, including 449 gastric cancer cases, were genotyped for TAS2R38 A49P, V262A, I296V and diplotypes. Dietary data were analysed to determine the total consumption of energy, fibre, vegetables, fruits, sweets, fats, alcohol and cigarettes. TAS2R38 diplotype was not associated with food, alcohol or cigarette consumption, either independent or dependent of gastric cancer phenotype. However, the PAV/AVI diplotype significantly increased gastric cancer risk (adjusted odds ratio: 1.513; 95% confidence interval: 1.148–1.994) independent of dietary intake. Findings suggest that TAS2R38 may be associated with the risk for gastric cancer in Koreans, although the TAS2R38 diplotype did not influence dietary intake.
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91
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Pirastu N, Kooyman M, Traglia M, Robino A, Willems SM, Pistis G, Amin N, Sala C, Karssen LC, Van Duijn C, Toniolo D, Gasparini P. A Genome-Wide Association Study in isolated populations reveals new genes associated to common food likings. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2016; 17:209-19. [PMID: 27129595 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-016-9354-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Food preferences are the first factor driving food choice and thus nutrition. They involve numerous different senses such as taste and olfaction as well as various other factors such as personal experiences and hedonistic aspects. Although it is clear that several of these have a genetic basis, up to now studies have focused mostly on the effects of polymorphisms of taste receptor genes. Therefore, we have carried out one of the first large scale (4611 individuals) GWAS on food likings assessed for 20 specific food likings belonging to 4 different categories (vegetables, fatty, dairy and bitter). A two-step meta-analysis using three different isolated populations from Italy for the discovery step and two populations from The Netherlands and Central Asia for replication, revealed 15 independent genome-wide significant loci (p < 5 × 10(-8)) for 12 different foods. None of the identified genes coded for either taste or olfactory receptors suggesting that genetics impacts in determining food likings in a much broader way than simple differences in taste perception. These results represent a further step in uncovering the genes that underlie liking of common foods that in the end will greatly help understanding the genetics of human nutrition in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pirastu
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Maarten Kooyman
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michela Traglia
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara M Willems
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Najaf Amin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cinzia Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Lennart C Karssen
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- PolyOmica, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia Van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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92
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Morozova K, Aprea E, Cantini C, Migliorini M, Gasperi F, Scampicchio M. Determination of Bitterness of Extra Virgin Olive Oils by Amperometric Detection. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Morozova
- Free University of Bolzano; Faculty of Science and Technology; Piazza Università, 1 39100 Bolzano Italy
| | - Eugenio Aprea
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre; Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM); via E. Mach 1 38010 San Michele all'Adige (TN Italy
| | - Claudio Cantini
- Trees and Timber Institute; National Research Council of Italy via Aurelia 49; 58022 Follonica Italy
| | - Marzia Migliorini
- PromoFirenze - Azienda Speciale della Camera di Commercio di Firenze; Laboratorio Chimico Merceologico - Via Orcagna; 70-50121 Firenze Italy
| | - Flavia Gasperi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre; Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM); via E. Mach 1 38010 San Michele all'Adige (TN Italy
| | - Matteo Scampicchio
- Free University of Bolzano; Faculty of Science and Technology; Piazza Università, 1 39100 Bolzano Italy
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93
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Alexander LA, Trinidad DR, Sakuma KLK, Pokhrel P, Herzog TA, Clanton MS, Moolchan ET, Fagan P. Why We Must Continue to Investigate Menthol's Role in the African American Smoking Paradox. Nicotine Tob Res 2016; 18 Suppl 1:S91-101. [PMID: 26980870 PMCID: PMC6367903 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntv209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The disproportionate burden of tobacco use among African Americans is largely unexplained. The unexplained disparities, referred to as the African American smoking paradox, includes several phenomena. Despite their social disadvantage, African American youth have lower smoking prevalence rates, initiate smoking at older ages, and during adulthood, smoking rates are comparable to whites. Smoking frequency and intensity among African American youth and adults are lower compared to whites and American Indian and Alaska Natives, but tobacco-caused morbidity and mortality rates are disproportionately higher. Disease prediction models have not explained disease causal pathways in African Americans. It has been hypothesized that menthol cigarette smoking, which is disproportionately high among African Americans, may help to explain several components of the African American smoking paradox. PURPOSE This article provides an overview of the potential role that menthol plays in the African American smoking paradox. We also discuss the research needed to better understand this unresolved puzzle. METHODS We examined prior synthesis reports and reviewed the literature in PubMed on the menthol compound and menthol cigarette smoking in African Americans. RESULTS The pharmacological and physiological effects of menthol and their interaction with biological and genetic factors may indirectly contribute to the disproportionate burden of cigarette use and diseases among African Americans. CONCLUSIONS Future studies that examine taste sensitivity, the menthol compound, and their effects on smoking and chronic disease would provide valuable information on how to reduce the tobacco burden among African Americans. IMPLICATIONS Our study highlights four counterintuitive observations related to the smoking risk profiles and chronic disease outcomes among African Americans. The extant literature provides strong evidence of their existence and shows that long-standing paradoxes have been largely unaffected by changes in the social environment. African Americans smoke menthols disproportionately, and menthol's role in the African American smoking paradox has not been thoroughly explored. We propose discrete hypotheses that will help to explain the phenomena and encourage researchers to empirically test menthol's role in smoking initiation, transitions to regular smoking and chronic disease outcomes in African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Alexander
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY
| | - Dennis R Trinidad
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kari-Lyn K Sakuma
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Pallav Pokhrel
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Thaddeus A Herzog
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | | | | | - Pebbles Fagan
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI;
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94
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Nolden AA, McGeary JE, Hayes JE. Differential bitterness in capsaicin, piperine, and ethanol associates with polymorphisms in multiple bitter taste receptor genes. Physiol Behav 2016; 156:117-27. [PMID: 26785164 PMCID: PMC4898060 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To date, the majority of research exploring associations with genetic variability in bitter taste receptors has understandably focused on compounds and foods that are predominantly or solely perceived as bitter. However, other chemosensory stimuli are also known to elicit bitterness as a secondary sensation. Here we investigated whether TAS2R variation explains individual differences in bitterness elicited by chemesthetic stimuli, including capsaicin, piperine and ethanol. We confirmed that capsaicin, piperine and ethanol elicit bitterness in addition to burning/stinging sensations. Variability in perceived bitterness of capsaicin and ethanol were significantly associated with TAS2R38 and TAS2R3/4/5 diplotypes. For TAS2R38, PAV homozygotes perceived greater bitterness from capsaicin and ethanol presented on circumvallate papillae, compared to heterozygotes and AVI homozygotes. For TAS2R3/4/5, CCCAGT homozygotes rated the greatest bitterness, compared to heterozygotes and TTGGAG homozygotes, for both ethanol and capsaicin when presented on circumvallate papillae. Additional work is needed to determine how these and other chemesthetic stimuli differ in bitterness perception across concentrations and presentation methods. Furthermore, it would be beneficial to determine which TAS2R receptors are activated in vitro by chemesthetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa A Nolden
- Sensory Evaluation Center, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - John E McGeary
- Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Behavior Genetics, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - John E Hayes
- Sensory Evaluation Center, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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95
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Parkinson L, Kestin M, Keast R. The perceptual properties of the virgin olive oil phenolic oleocanthal are not associated with PROP taster status or dietary intake. Food Qual Prefer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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96
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Workman AD, Palmer JN, Adappa ND, Cohen NA. The Role of Bitter and Sweet Taste Receptors in Upper Airway Immunity. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2016; 15:72. [PMID: 26492878 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-015-0571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the past several years, taste receptors have emerged as key players in the regulation of innate immune defenses in the mammalian respiratory tract. Several cell types in the airway, including ciliated epithelial cells, solitary chemosensory cells, and bronchial smooth muscle cells, all display chemoresponsive properties that utilize taste receptors. A variety of bitter products secreted by microbes are detected with resultant downstream inflammation, increased mucous clearance, antimicrobial peptide secretion, and direct bacterial killing. Genetic variation of bitter taste receptors also appears to play a role in the susceptibility to infection in respiratory disease states, including that of chronic rhinosinusitis. Ongoing taste receptor research may yield new therapeutics that harness innate immune defenses in the respiratory tract and may offer alternatives to antibiotic treatment. The present review discusses taste receptor-protective responses and analyzes the role these receptors play in mediating airway immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Workman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 5th Floor Ravdin Building, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James N Palmer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 5th Floor Ravdin Building, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nithin D Adappa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 5th Floor Ravdin Building, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Noam A Cohen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 5th Floor Ravdin Building, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Monell Smell and Taste Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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97
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Loper HB, La Sala M, Dotson C, Steinle N. Taste perception, associated hormonal modulation, and nutrient intake. Nutr Rev 2016; 73:83-91. [PMID: 26024495 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuu009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that taste perception influences food intake. After ingestion, gustatory receptors relay sensory signals to the brain, which segregates, evaluates, and distinguishes the stimuli, leading to the experience known as "flavor." It is well accepted that five taste qualities – sweet, salty, bitter, sour, and umami – can be perceived by animals. In this review, the anatomy and physiology of human taste buds, the hormonal modulation of taste function, the importance of genetic chemosensory variation, and the influence of gustatory functioning on macronutrient selection and eating behavior are discussed. Individual genotypic variation results in specific phenotypes of food preference and nutrient intake. Understanding the role of taste in food selection and ingestive behavior is important for expanding our understanding of the factors involved in body weight maintenance and the risk of chronic diseases including obesity, atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, liver disease, and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary B Loper
- H.B. Loper is with the Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. M. La Sala and C. Dotson are with the Division of Addiction Medicine, Center for Smell and Taste, Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. N Steinle is with the Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael La Sala
- H.B. Loper is with the Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. M. La Sala and C. Dotson are with the Division of Addiction Medicine, Center for Smell and Taste, Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. N Steinle is with the Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cedrick Dotson
- H.B. Loper is with the Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. M. La Sala and C. Dotson are with the Division of Addiction Medicine, Center for Smell and Taste, Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. N Steinle is with the Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nanette Steinle
- H.B. Loper is with the Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. M. La Sala and C. Dotson are with the Division of Addiction Medicine, Center for Smell and Taste, Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. N Steinle is with the Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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98
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Gustafsson E, Saint Jalme M, Kamoga D, Mugisha L, Snounou G, Bomsel MC, Krief S. Food Acceptance and Social Learning Opportunities in Semi-Free Eastern Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). Ethology 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Gustafsson
- Ménagerie du Jardin des Plantes; Département des Jardins Botaniques et Zoologiques; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; Paris France
- UMR 7204; CERSP; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; Paris France
- UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie et Ethnobiologie; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; Paris France
- Department of Psychology; Centre for Situated Action and Communication; University of Portsmouth; Portsmouth UK
| | - Michel Saint Jalme
- Ménagerie du Jardin des Plantes; Département des Jardins Botaniques et Zoologiques; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; Paris France
- UMR 7204; CERSP; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; Paris France
| | - Dennis Kamoga
- Department of Botany; Makerere University; Kampala Uganda
| | | | - Georges Snounou
- INSERM UMRS 945; Paris France
- Université Pierre & Marie Curie; Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
| | - Marie-Claude Bomsel
- Ménagerie du Jardin des Plantes; Département des Jardins Botaniques et Zoologiques; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; Paris France
| | - Sabrina Krief
- UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie et Ethnobiologie; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle; Paris France
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99
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Sandell M, Hoppu U, Lundén S, Salminen M, Puolimatka T, Laaksonen O, Laitinen K, Hopia A. Consumption of lingonberries by TAS2R38 genotype and sensory quality of texture-designed lingonberry samples. Food Qual Prefer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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100
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Hayes
- Sensory Evaluation Center, Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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