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Elucidating the association between depression, anxiety, and cognition in middle-aged adults: Application of dimensional and categorical approaches. J Affect Disord 2022; 296:559-566. [PMID: 34648818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In older adults, depressive and anxiety symptoms are associated with dementia risk, and represent a manifestation of the dementia prodrome. Understanding how these symptoms are related to cognition in midlife may inform risk models of dementia. METHODS This study examined the relationship between depressive and anxiety symptoms, and cognition, in a sample (n= 2,657) of participants enrolled in the Healthy Brain Project. Depressive and Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Objective cognition was assessed using the Cogstate Brief Battery and subjective cognition assessed using the Alzheimer's disease Cooperative Study Cognitive Function Instrument. RESULTS Somatic- and panic-related anxiety symptoms were associated significantly with poorer attention; while tension- and panic-related anxiety were associated significantly with poorer memory. Having clinically meaningful anxiety or depressive symptoms was associated with increased subjective cognitive concerns (d=-0.37). This was further increased for those with clinically meaningful anxiety and depressive symptoms (d = -1.07). LIMITATIONS This study reports cross-sectional data, and uses a sample enriched with individuals with a family history of dementia who are therefore at a higher risk of developing dementia compared to the general population. Additionally, biological markers such as cortisol, Aβ, and tau were unavailable. CONCLUSION The results support the hypothesis that depressive and anxiety symptoms may increase risk of cognitive decline. Further, they suggest that using depression and anxiety as clinical markers may be helpful in identifying the earliest signs of cognitive decline.
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Brown MJ, Hill NL, Haider MR. Age and gender disparities in depression and subjective cognitive decline-related outcomes. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:48-55. [PMID: 33325263 PMCID: PMC8206234 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1861214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Determine the association between depression and SCD-related outcomes by age and gender. METHODS Using 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey data, crude and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the associations between depression and SCD-related outcomes by age and gender. RESULTS Among respondents 45 to 69, depression was associated with SCD [adjusted OR (aOR): 4.36; 95% CI: 3.24-5.86]; needing assistance with activities due to confusion/memory loss (aOR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.26 - 4.51); needing help with activities and the help is not available (aOR: 4.46; 95% CI: 1.31 - 15.2); and having discussed confusion/memory loss with a health care professional (aOR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.09 - 3.23). However, among respondents 70 and older, depression was associated with SCD (aOR): 3.52; 95% CI: 2.06-6.02); needing help with activities and the help is not available (aOR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.01-0.56); confusion/memory loss interfering with work/social activities (aOR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.03-5.79); and having discussed confusion/memory loss with a health care professional (aOR): 2.99; 95% CI: 1.20-7.40). Depression was positively associated with SCD among men (aOR): 3.68; 95% CI: 2.52-5.38) and women (aOR): 4.76; 95% CI: 3.29-6.87; and was positively associated with all SCD-related outcomes among men except for confusion/memory loss interfering with work/social activities and given up chores. Depression was positively associated with the latter among women (aOR): 2.10; 95% CI: 1.09-4.06). DISCUSSION SCD interventions should include assessment of and intervention for depression, and consider age and gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique J Brown
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Rural and Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Office of the Study on Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Nikki L Hill
- College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Mohammad Rifat Haider
- Department of Social and Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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Pacifico D, Sabatini S, Fiordelli M, Albanese E. The role of disability and depressive symptoms in the relation between objective cognitive performance and subjective cognitive decline. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:963703. [PMID: 36506437 PMCID: PMC9729556 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.963703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and subjective memory decline (SMD) are common among older people. Evidence linking SCD and SMD with cognitive and memory impairment is inconsistent. Moreover, little is known about the associations of SCD and SMD with disability. We aimed to explore the associations of SCD and SMD with objective cognitive and memory performance, disability, and depressive symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study we conducted face to face interviews in a randomized sample of people aged ≥65 years living in the Canton of Ticino, southern Switzerland, between May 2021 and April 2022. We measured subjective cognitive decline with the MyCog, a subsection of the Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire (SCD-Q); cognitive functioning with the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia; memory with the consortium to establish a registry for alzheimer's disease (CERAD) 10-word list learning task; and disability and depressive symptoms with the world health organization disability assessment schedule 2.0 (WHO-DAS 2.0) and the Euro-Depression (EURO-D) scales, respectively. RESULTS Of the 250 participants 93.6% reported at least one cognitive difficulty, and 40.0% SMD. Both SCD and SMD were associated with poorer objective cognitive/memory performance, and independently with greater disability, and more depressive symptoms. But in participants with high disability and depressive symptoms subjective and objective cognition were no longer associated. Disability fully mediated the associations of poorer objective cognitive and memory performance with subjective cognitive and memory decline. CONCLUSION Routine clinical assessments of cognitive function should include formal enquires about SCD and SMD, and also account for disability and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Pacifico
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Serena Sabatini
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Maddalena Fiordelli
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano Albanese
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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Zuroff L, Wisse LEM, Glenn T, Xie SX, Nasrallah IM, Habes M, Dubroff J, de Flores R, Xie L, Yushkevich P, Doshi J, Davatsikos C, Shaw LM, Tropea TF, Chen-Plotkin AS, Wolk DA, Das S, Mechanic-Hamilton D. Self- and Partner-Reported Subjective Memory Complaints: Association with Objective Cognitive Impairment and Risk of Decline. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2022; 6:411-430. [PMID: 36072364 PMCID: PMC9397901 DOI: 10.3233/adr-220013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Episodic memory decline is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) may represent one of the earliest signs of impending cognitive decline. The degree to which self- or partner-reported SMCs predict cognitive change remains unclear. Objective We aimed to evaluate the relationship between self- and partner-reported SMCs, objective cognitive performance, AD biomarkers, and risk of future decline in a well-characterized longitudinal memory center cohort. We also evaluated whether study partner characteristics influence reports of SMCs. Methods 758 participants and 690 study partners were recruited from the Penn Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Clinical Core. Participants included those with Normal Cognition, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and AD. SMCs were measured using the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ), and were evaluated for their association with cognition, genetic, plasma, and neuroimaging biomarkers of AD, cognitive and functional decline, and diagnostic progression over an average of four years. Results We found that partner-reported SMCs were more consistent with cognitive test performance and increasing symptom severity than self-reported SMCs. Partner-reported SMCs showed stronger correlations with AD-associated brain atrophy, plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration, and longitudinal cognitive and functional decline. A 10-point increase on baseline PRMQ increased the annual risk of diagnostic progression by approximately 70%. Study partner demographics and relationship to participants influenced reports of SMCs in AD participants only. Conclusion Partner-reported SMCs, using the PRMQ, have a stronger relationship with the neuroanatomic and cognitive changes associated with AD than patient-reported SMCs. Further work is needed to evaluate whether SMCs could be used to screen for future decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Zuroff
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura EM Wisse
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Trevor Glenn
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sharon X. Xie
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ilya M. Nasrallah
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohamad Habes
- Neuroimage Analytics Laboratory (NAL) and the Biggs Institute Neuroimaging Core (BINC), Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio (UTHSCSA), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jacob Dubroff
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robin de Flores
- Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM UMRS U1237, Caen, France
| | - Long Xie
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul Yushkevich
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jimit Doshi
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christos Davatsikos
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leslie M. Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas F. Tropea
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alice S. Chen-Plotkin
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sandhitsu Das
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dawn Mechanic-Hamilton
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Correspondence to: Dawn Mechanic-Hamilton, PCAM-2 South, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Tel.: +1 215 662 4516; E-mail:
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Gupta S. Challenge of a dual burden in rapidly aging Delaware: Comorbid chronic conditions and subjective cognitive decline. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0000579. [PMID: 36962745 PMCID: PMC10021351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic trends forecast a "dual burden"- increase in both physical chronic diseases and Alzheimer's disease (AD)- for Delaware. Estimating the burden and characteristics of this "dual burden" is critical. Cognizant of the unavailability of precise models to measure AD, SCD-a population-based measure- was used as an alternative. The primary objective was to delineate selected chronic conditions among Delaware adults with SCD in order to present: (i) prevalence of SCD by select sociodemographic characteristics, (ii) compare the prevalence of chronic conditions among people with and without SCD, and (iii) compare the prevalence of SCD associated functional limitations in Delawareans with and without comorbid chronic conditions. METHODS Combined data (2016 and 2020) for Delaware were obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Analyses included 4,897 respondents aged 45 years or older who answered the SCD screening question as "yes" (n = 430) or "no" (n = 4,467). Descriptive statistics examined sociodemographic characteristics and chronic conditions in Delawareans with and without SCD. RESULTS Overall, 8.4% (CI: 7.4-9.5) of Delaware adults reported SCD. Delawareans with SCD were more likely to be in the younger age group (45-54 years), less educated, low income and living alone. Over 68 percent had not discussed cognitive decline with a health care professional. More than three in four Delawareans with SCD had a 1.5 times higher prevalence of having any one of the nine select chronic conditions as compared to those without SCD. Adults with SCD and at least one comorbid chronic condition were more likely to report SCD-related functional limitations. CONCLUSIONS Delaware cannot afford to postpone public policies to address the dual burden of SCD and chronic conditions. Results from this study can help public health stakeholders in Delaware to be informed and prepared for the challenges associated with cognitive decline and comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Gupta
- Department of Public and Allied Health Sciences Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, United States of America
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Examining the Role of Aging Perceptions in Subjective Cognitive Decline. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2022; 36:288-294. [PMID: 35867952 PMCID: PMC9712147 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is gaining ground as a "preclinical" risk state for Alzheimer disease, its utility depends on our understanding of the factors linked to SCD. Rarely examined sociocultural factors including perceptions of aging may relate to the subjective experience of cognitive aging. Identifying such associations will help to refine the utility of SCD as an early marker of AD while setting the stage for addressing modifiable factors contributing to SCD. METHODS The study consisted of N=136 participants (68% female; 73% White; 22% Black race, age mean =74.72; education mean =16.01). Questionnaires assessed SCD, depressive symptoms, and age perceptions (essentialist aging beliefs, subjective age, age group identification, and explicit/implicit age stereotypes). Cognitive functioning was measured with a semantic interference and learning task. RESULTS SCD was correlated with essentialist aging beliefs, age identification, and depressive symptoms [ rrange =0.18 to 0.22, Prange =0.009 to 0.02, confidence interval (CI) range =0.00-0.39]. Essentialist aging beliefs were correlated with subjective age and age group identification ( rrange =0.22 to 0.42, Prange <0.001 to 0.003, CI range =0.08-0.57). Both age group identification and essentialism were correlated with depressive symptoms ( rrange =0.22, Prange =0.009 to 0.01, CI range =0.04-0.39). In the adjusted regression model including depressive symptoms, age perceptions, and SCD, only SCD was associated with cognition ( b =-0.31, P <0.001). CONCLUSION Although correlated with SCD, perceptions of aging do not explain the relationship between SCD and performance on a sensitive cognitive test among older adults.
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Remes O, Mendes JF, Templeton P. Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1633. [PMID: 34942936 PMCID: PMC8699555 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11121633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the leading causes of disability, and, if left unmanaged, it can increase the risk for suicide. The evidence base on the determinants of depression is fragmented, which makes the interpretation of the results across studies difficult. The objective of this study is to conduct a thorough synthesis of the literature assessing the biological, psychological, and social determinants of depression in order to piece together the puzzle of the key factors that are related to this condition. Titles and abstracts published between 2017 and 2020 were identified in PubMed, as well as Medline, Scopus, and PsycInfo. Key words relating to biological, social, and psychological determinants as well as depression were applied to the databases, and the screening and data charting of the documents took place. We included 470 documents in this literature review. The findings showed that there are a plethora of risk and protective factors (relating to biological, psychological, and social determinants) that are related to depression; these determinants are interlinked and influence depression outcomes through a web of causation. In this paper, we describe and present the vast, fragmented, and complex literature related to this topic. This review may be used to guide practice, public health efforts, policy, and research related to mental health and, specifically, depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Remes
- Institute for Manufacturing, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | | | - Peter Templeton
- IfM Engage Limited, Institute for Manufacturing, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK;
- The William Templeton Foundation for Young People’s Mental Health (YPMH), Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
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Pike KE, Cavuoto MG, Li L, Wright BJ, Kinsella GJ. Subjective Cognitive Decline: Level of Risk for Future Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment, a Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies. Neuropsychol Rev 2021; 32:703-735. [PMID: 34748154 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-021-09522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) in older adults has been identified as a risk factor for dementia, although the literature is inconsistent, and it is unclear which factors moderate progression from SCD to dementia. Through separate meta-analyses, we aimed to determine if SCD increased the risk of developing dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Furthermore, we examined several possible moderators. Longitudinal studies of participants with SCD at baseline, with data regarding incident dementia or MCI, were extracted from MEDLINE and PsycINFO. Articles were excluded if SCD occurred solely in the context of dementia, MCI, or as part of a specific disease. Pooled estimates were calculated using a random-effects model, with moderator analyses examining whether risk varied according to SCD definition, demographics, genetics, recruitment source, and follow-up duration. Risk of study bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS)-2 tool. 46 studies with more than 74,000 unique participants were included. SCD was associated with increased risk of developing dementia (HR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.52-2.36; OR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.97-3.14) and MCI (HR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.18-2.52; OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.56-2.16). None of the potential moderating factors examined influenced the HR or OR of developing dementia. In contrast, including worry in the definition of SCD, younger age, and recruitment source impacted the OR of developing MCI, with clinic samples demonstrating highest risk. SCD thus represents an at-risk phase, ideal for early intervention, with further research required to identify effective interventions for risk reduction, and cognitive-behavioural interventions for cognitive management. PROSPERO, protocol number: CRD42016037993.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerryn E Pike
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
| | - Marina G Cavuoto
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Lily Li
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Bradley J Wright
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Glynda J Kinsella
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
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Roh M, Dan H, Kim O. Influencing Factors of Subjective Cognitive Impairment in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111488. [PMID: 34770002 PMCID: PMC8583411 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting subjective cognitive impairment. We analyzed data from the 2019 Korea Community Health Survey and enrolled 68,546 middle-aged adults, aged 50 to 64 years, and 74,547 older adults, aged 65 years and older, in this study. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing subjective cognitive impairment. Of the participants, 11,926 (17.4%) middle-aged and 21,880 (29.4%) older adults living in the community reported subjective cognitive impairment. Major factors that influenced subjective cognitive impairment in both middle-aged and older adults were gender, subjective stress, depressive symptoms, and alcohol drinking. In contrast to middle-aged adults, the marital status of older adults affected subjective cognitive impairment. Therefore, the factors affecting subjective cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults need to be considered for screening and management to prevent cognitive impairment and dementia. In particular, it is necessary to evaluate and manage stress and depressive symptoms from middle age to prevent subjective cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oksoo Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-02-3277-3703
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Recall and Self-Relevance of Emotional Words Predict Subjective Self-Evaluation of Cognition in Patients with MTLE with or without Depressive Symptoms. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111402. [PMID: 34827401 PMCID: PMC8615735 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined whether word processing is associated with subjective self-evaluation of cognition in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) as a function of their depressive symptoms. MTLE patients with (MTLE +d, N = 28) or without (MTLE -d, N = 11) depression were compared to pair-matched healthy control participants on free recall and self-relevance ratings of emotionally valenced words. Correlation and hierarchical analyses were conducted to investigate whether the subjective self-evaluation of cognition in MTLE patients is predicted by the negative emotional bias reflected in task performance. MTLE +d patients endorsed as self-relevant fewer positive words and more negative words than the MTLE -d patients and healthy participants. They also self-evaluated their cognition poorer than the MTLE -d patients. Analyses indicated that recall and self-endorsement of emotional words predicted both self-evaluation of cognition as well as epilepsy duration. Our findings indicate that negative self-relevance emotional bias is observed in MTLE patients and is predictive of subjective self-evaluation of cognition. Application of brief behavioral tasks probing emotional functions could be valuable for clinical research and practice in the patients with MTLE.
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Dotson VM, Gradone AM, Bogoian HR, Minto LR, Taiwo Z, Salling ZN. Be Fit, Be Sharp, Be Well: The Case for Exercise as a Treatment for Cognitive Impairment in Late-life Depression. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2021; 27:776-789. [PMID: 34154693 PMCID: PMC10436256 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617721000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To lay out the argument that exercise impacts neurobiological targets common to both mood and cognitive functioning, and thus more research should be conducted on its use as an alternative or adjunctive treatment for cognitive impairment in late-life depression (LLD). METHOD This narrative review summarizes the literature on cognitive impairment in LLD, describes the structural and functional brain changes and neurochemical changes that are linked to both cognitive impairment and mood disruption, and explains how exercise targets these same neurobiological changes and can thus provide an alternative or adjunctive treatment for cognitive impairment in LLD. RESULTS Cognitive impairment is common in LLD and predicts recurrence of depression, poor response to antidepressant treatment, and overall disability. Traditional depression treatment with medication, psychotherapy, or both, is not effective in fully reversing cognitive impairment for most depressed older adults. Physical exercise is an ideal treatment candidate based on evidence that it 1) is an effective treatment for depression, 2) enhances cognitive functioning in normal aging and in other patient populations, and 3) targets many of the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie mood and cognitive functioning. Results of the limited existing clinical trials of exercise for cognitive impairment in depression are mixed but overall support this contention. CONCLUSIONS Although limited, existing evidence suggests exercise may be a viable alternative or adjunctive treatment to address cognitive impairment in LLD, and thus more research in this area is warranted. Moving forward, additional research is needed in large, diverse samples to translate the growing research findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vonetta M. Dotson
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University
- Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University
| | | | | | - Lex R. Minto
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University
| | - Zinat Taiwo
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University
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Nakhla MZ, Cohen L, Salmon DP, Smirnov DS, Marquine MJ, Moore AA, Schiehser DM, Zlatar ZZ. Self-reported subjective cognitive decline is associated with global cognition in a community sample of Latinos/as/x living in the United States. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2021; 43:663-676. [PMID: 34709141 PMCID: PMC8720066 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2021.1989381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may be an early risk marker of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), research on SCD among Hispanics/Latinos/as/x (henceforth Latinos/as) living in the U.S. is lacking. We investigated if the cross-sectional relationship of self-reported SCD with objective cognition varies as a function of ethnic background (Latinos/as versus Non-Hispanic Whites [NHWs]). Secondary analyses conducted solely within the Latino/a group investigated if informant reported SCD is associated with objective cognition and whether self-reported SCD is related to markers of brain health in a sub-sample of Latinos/as with available MRI data. METHODS Eighty-three participants (≥60 years of age) without dementia (35 Latinos/as; 48 NHWs) completed the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS) and the Subjective Cognitive Decline-Questionnaire (SCD-Q). Additionally, 22 Latino/a informants completed the informant-version of the SCD-Q. Hierarchical regression models investigated if ethnicity moderates the association of MDRS and SCD-Q scores after adjusting for demographics and depressive symptoms. Correlational analyses within the Latino/a group investigated self- and informant-reported associations of SCD-Q scores with objective cognition, and associations of self-reported SCD-Q scores with medial temporal lobe volume and thickness. RESULTS Latinos/as had lower education and MDRS scores than NHWs. Higher SCD-Q scores were associated with lower MDRS scores only in Latinos/as. Within the Latino/a group, self, but not informant reported SCD was related to objective cognition. Medium to large effect sizes were found whereby higher self-reported SCD was associated with lower entorhinal cortex thickness and left hippocampal volume in Latinos/as. CONCLUSIONS The association of SCD and concurrent objectively measured global cognition varied by ethnic background and was only significant in Latinos/as. Self-reported SCD may be an indicator of cognitive and brain health in Latinos/as without dementia, prompting clinicians to monitor cognition. Future studies should explore if SCD predicts objective cognitive decline in diverse groups of Latinos/as living in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Z. Nakhla
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Ct, San Diego, CA
- Department of Psychiatry; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA 92161
| | - Lynn Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - David P. Salmon
- Department of Neurosciences; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Denis S. Smirnov
- Department of Neurosciences; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - María J. Marquine
- Department of Psychiatry; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology and Palliative Care; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Alison A. Moore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology and Palliative Care; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Dawn M. Schiehser
- Department of Psychiatry; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA 92161
| | - Zvinka Z. Zlatar
- Department of Psychiatry; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093
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Effects of Smartphone-Based Compensatory Cognitive Training and Physical Activity on Cognition, Depression, and Self-Esteem in Women with Subjective Cognitive Decline. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11081029. [PMID: 34439648 PMCID: PMC8392206 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Subjective cognitive decline is a symptom that may appear in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. This study examined the effects of smartphone-based calendar training and walking exercise regimen on postmenopausal women experiencing subjective cognitive decline. Experimental group 1 participated in both calendar training and walking exercise, group 2 participated in calendar training only, and the control group did not receive either intervention. Forty-two participants completed a cognitive function test and questionnaire upon entering the study and 12 weeks later. The controlled oral word association score increased in experimental groups 1 and 2 and decreased in the control group. Memory contentment increased in experimental group 1, maintained in experimental group 2, and decreased in the control group. Smartphone-based calendar training and a walking exercise regimen improved executive function and memory contentment in everyday life, but the effects on depressive symptoms and self-esteem were not significant. Our findings demonstrate that smartphone-based calendar training and walking exercise improved cognitive function and have potential as nonpharmacologic interventions to strengthen cognitive function in women experiencing subjective cognitive decline.
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Daroische R, Hemminghyth MS, Eilertsen TH, Breitve MH, Chwiszczuk LJ. Cognitive Impairment After COVID-19-A Review on Objective Test Data. Front Neurol 2021; 12:699582. [PMID: 34393978 PMCID: PMC8357992 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.699582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to conduct a review on the literature on objective cognitive impairment in patients after COVID-19. Methods: We performed a literature review and searched Ovid Medline in February 2021 based on a PECO scheme. Results: Twelve articles met all inclusion criteria. Total patient sample was <1,000. All studies on global cognitive function found impairment, ranging from 15 to 80% of the sampled patients. Seven studies on attention and executive functions reported impairment, with varying results depending on sub-domain and different tests. Three out of four studies reported memory difficulties, with two studies reporting short-term memory deficits. Although results indicate possible language impairment, only one study used domain-specific language tasks. Two out of four studies on visuospatial function did not report any impairment. Conclusion: Patients with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection appear to experience global cognitive impairment, impairment in memory, attention and executive function, and in particular verbal fluency. Based on the current results, we recommend clinicians to evaluate the need for cognitive assessment of patients with a recent COVID-19 infection, regardless of the severity of the disease, treatment methods and length of ICU stay. We need studies with larger sample and control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Daroische
- Neuropsychological Unit, Helse-Fonna HF Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Mathilde S. Hemminghyth
- Neuropsychological Unit, Helse-Fonna HF Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse-Fonna HF Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Thomas H. Eilertsen
- Neuropsychological Unit, Helse-Fonna HF Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Monica H. Breitve
- Neuropsychological Unit, Helse-Fonna HF Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse-Fonna HF Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Clinic of Psychiatry, Helse-Fonna HF Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Luiza J. Chwiszczuk
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse-Fonna HF Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Clinic of Psychiatry, Helse-Fonna HF Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
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65
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Does "one size fit all" in subjective cognitive decline? Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:651-653. [PMID: 34127160 DOI: 10.1017/s104161022000335x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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66
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Bouldin ED, Taylor CA, Knapp KA, Miyawaki CE, Mercado NR, Wooten KG, McGuire LC. Unmet needs for assistance related to subjective cognitive decline among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults in the US: prevalence and impact on health-related quality of life. Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:689-702. [PMID: 32883384 PMCID: PMC8630807 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610220001635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of unmet needs for assistance among middle-aged and older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in the US and to evaluate whether unmet needs were associated with health-related quality of life (HRQOL). DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING US - 50 states, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling adults aged 45 years and older who completed the Cognitive Decline module on the 2015--2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System reported experiencing SCD and always, usually, or sometimes needed assistance with day-to-day activities because of SCD (n = 6,568). MEASUREMENTS We defined SCD as confusion or memory loss that was happening more often or getting worse over the past 12 months. Respondents with SCD were considered to have an unmet need for assistance if they sometimes, rarely, or never got the help they needed with day-to-day activities. We measured three domains of HRQOL: (1) mental (frequent mental distress, ≥14 days of poor mental health in the past 30 days), (2) physical (frequent physical distress, ≥14 days of poor physical health in the past 30 days), and (3) social (SCD always, usually, or sometimes interfered with the ability to work, volunteer, or engage in social activities outside the home). We used log-binomial regression models to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs). All estimates were weighted. RESULTS In total, 40.2% of people who needed SCD-related assistance reported an unmet need. Among respondents without depression, an unmet need was associated with a higher prevalence of frequent mental distress (PR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.12-2.13, p = 0.007). Frequent physical distress and social limitations did not differ between people with met and unmet needs. CONCLUSIONS Middle-aged and older adults with SCD-related needs for assistance frequently did not have those needs met, which could negatively impact their mental health. Interventions to identify and meet the unmet needs among people with SCD may improve HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin D Bouldin
- Alzheimer's Disease and Healthy Aging Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Christopher A Taylor
- Alzheimer's Disease and Healthy Aging Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kenneth A Knapp
- Department of Public Health, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | | | - Nicholas R Mercado
- Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra University/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
- School of Health Professions and Human Services, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
- Division of Medical Ethics, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen G Wooten
- Alzheimer's Disease and Healthy Aging Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lisa C McGuire
- Alzheimer's Disease and Healthy Aging Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Copenhaver MM, Sanborn V, Shrestha R, Mistler CB, Sullivan MC, Gunstad J. Developing a cognitive dysfunction risk score for use with opioid-dependent persons in drug treatment. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 224:108726. [PMID: 33930640 PMCID: PMC8180490 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive dysfunction is common in persons seeking medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and may hinder many addiction-related services. Brief but accurate screening measures are needed to efficiently assess cognitive dysfunction in these resource-limited settings. The study aimed to develop a brief predictive risk score tailored for use among patients in drug treatment. METHODS The present study examined predictors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), objectively assessed via the NIH Toolbox, among 173 patients receiving methadone as MOUD at an urban New England drug treatment facility. Predictors of MCI were identified in one subsample using demographic characteristics, medical chart data, and selected items from the Brief Inventory of Neuro-Cognitive Impairment (BINI). Predictors were cross-validated in a second subsample using logistic regression. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses determined an optimal cut-off score for detecting MCI. RESULTS A cognitive dysfunction risk score (CDRS) was calculated from patient demographics (age 50+, non-White ethnicity, less than high school education), medical and substance use chart data (history of head injury, overdose, psychiatric diagnosis, past year polysubstance use), and selected self-report items (BINI). The CDRS discriminated acceptably well, with a ROC curve area of 70.6 %, and correctly identified 78 % of MCI cases (sensitivity = 87.5 %; specificity = 55.6 %). CONCLUSIONS The CDRS identified patients with cognitive challenges at a level likely to impede treatment engagement and/or key outcomes. The CDRS may assist in efficiently identifying patients with cognitive dysfunction while requiring minimal training and resources. Larger validation studies are needed in other clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Copenhaver
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Victoria Sanborn
- Department of Psychological Sciences and Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Roman Shrestha
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - Colleen B Mistler
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Matthew C Sullivan
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - John Gunstad
- Department of Psychological Sciences and Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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Zlatar ZZ, Tarraf W, González KA, Vásquez PM, Marquine MJ, Lipton RB, Gallo LC, Khambaty T, Zeng D, Youngblood ME, Estrella ML, Isasi CR, Daviglus M, González HM. Subjective cognitive decline and objective cognition among diverse U.S. Hispanics/Latinos: Results from the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA). Alzheimers Dement 2021; 18:43-52. [PMID: 34057776 PMCID: PMC8630099 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Despite increased risk of cognitive decline in Hispanics/Latinos, research on early risk markers of Alzheimer's disease in this group is lacking. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may be an early risk marker of pathological aging. We investigated associations of SCD with objective cognition among a diverse sample of Hispanics/Latinos living in the United States. Methods SCD was measured with the Everyday Cognition Short Form (ECog‐12) and cognitive performance with a standardized battery in 6125 adults aged ≥ 50 years without mild cognitive impairment or dementia (x̄age = 63.2 years, 54.5% women). Regression models interrogated associations of SCD with objective global, memory, and executive function scores. Results Higher SCD was associated with lower objective global (B = −0.16, SE = 0.01), memory (B = −0.13, SE = 0.02), and executive (B = −0.13, SE = 0.02, p's < .001) function composite scores in fully adjusted models. Discussion Self‐reported SCD, using the ECog‐12, may be an indicator of concurrent objective cognition in diverse middle‐aged and older community‐dwelling Hispanics/Latinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvinka Z Zlatar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology & Department of Healthcare Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Kevin A González
- Department of Neurosciences and the Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Priscilla M Vásquez
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - María J Marquine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Richard B Lipton
- Departments of Neurology, Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein, College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Tasneem Khambaty
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marston E Youngblood
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mayra L Estrella
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Departments of Neurology, Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein, College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hector M González
- Department of Neurosciences and the Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Sabatini S, Woods RT, Ukoumunne OC, Ballard C, Collins R, Clare L. Associations of subjective cognitive and memory decline with depression, anxiety, and two-year change in objectively-assessed global cognition and memory. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2021; 29:840-866. [PMID: 33971790 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2021.1923634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Research studies exploring the association of cognitive complaints with objectively assessed cognitive decline report inconsistent results. However, many of these have methodological limitations. We investigated whether 1) more severe subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and subjective memory decline (SMD) predict change in objectively assessed global cognition, remote memory, recent memory, learning; 2) the predictive value of more severe SMD over change in objectively assessed remote memory, recent memory, and learning is stronger for individuals that report an SMD that started within the past five years than for those that report an SMD that started five or more years previously and/or stronger for those that experienced SMD within the past two years than for those who had not; and 3) greater depression and anxiety are associated with more severe SCD and SMD. We used two-year longitudinal data from the CFAS-Wales study (N = 1,531; mean (SD) age = 73.0 (6.0) years). We fitted linear regression models. More severe SCD and SMD did not predict change in objectively assessed global cognition, remote memory, and recent memory but predicted lower scores in learning. The prediction of SMD over change in learning was not stronger when individuals reported an SMD that started within the past five years compared to when they reported an SMD that started five or more years previously nor when individuals reported an SMD that started within the past two years than those who did not. Greater depression and anxiety were associated with more severe SCD and SMD. More severe SMD may be useful for predicting lower learning ability and for identifying individuals experiencing depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Sabatini
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Robert T Woods
- Dementia Services Development Centre, School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Obioha C Ukoumunne
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Clive Ballard
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rachel Collins
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Linda Clare
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Espenes R, Kirsebom BE, Eriksson C, Waterloo K, Hessen E, Johnsen SH, Selnes P, Fladby T. Amyloid Plaques and Symptoms of Depression Links to Medical Help-Seeking due to Subjective Cognitive Decline. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 75:879-890. [PMID: 32333584 PMCID: PMC7369054 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, patients reporting SCD to their general practitioner are not always referred to a memory clinic. Objective: To investigate whether prior history of medical help-seeking is associated with AD biomarker abnormality, worse cognitive performance, and/or depressive symptoms in SCD. Methods: We compared levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ1 - 42, cognitive performance, and depressive symptoms (15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS-15) between healthy controls (n = 88), SCD with a history of medical help seeking (SCD-HS, n = 67), and SCD non help-seekers (SCD-NHS, n = 44). Cases with evidence of amyloid plaques (CSF Aβ1 - 42 ≤708 ng/l) and symptoms of depression (GDS-15≥6) were determined in both SCD groups. Results: The SCD-HS group had lower CSF Aβ1 - 42 (p < 0.01), lower word list learning and memory recall (p < 0.0001), and an increased level of depressive symptoms (p < 0.0001) compared to controls and SCD-NHS cases. The SCD-HS group had more cases with symptoms of depression (n = 12, 18%) and amyloid plaques (n = 18, 27%) compared to SCD-NHS (n = 1, 2% and n = 7, 16%, respectively). None of the SCD-HS cases and only one SCD-NHS case had concurrent symptoms of depression and amyloid plaques. The SCD-HS cases showed equal word list learning and memory performance regardless of amyloid status or symptoms of depression. Conclusion: Medical help-seeking in SCD is associated with an increased risk of AD pathology or symptoms of depression. However, subtle memory deficits are seen in SCD help-seekers, also without amyloid plaques or symptoms of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragna Espenes
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn-Eivind Kirsebom
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Cecilia Eriksson
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Waterloo
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Erik Hessen
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stein Harald Johnsen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Per Selnes
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Andreassen S, Lindland EMS, Solheim AM, Beyer MK, Ljøstad U, Mygland Å, Lorentzen ÅR, Reiso H, Harbo HF, Løhaugen GCC, Eikeland R. Cognitive function, fatigue and Fazekas score in patients with acute neuroborreliosis. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2021; 12:101678. [PMID: 33529985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long-term cognitive problems and fatigue after adequately treated neuroborreliosis has caused uncertainty and debate among patients and health care workers for years. Despite several studies, the prevalence, cause and severity of such complaints are still not clarified. More knowledge about cognitive function, fatigue and MRI findings in the acute phase of neuroborreliosis could possibly contribute to clarification. In the current study, we therefore aimed to address this. Patients with well-characterized acute neuroborreliosis (n = 72) and a matched control group (n = 68) were screened with eight subtests from three different neuropsychological test batteries assessing attention, working memory and processing speed, and with Fatigue Severity Scale. Fazekas score was used to grade white matter hyperintensities on MRI. We found no differences in mean scores on the neuropsychological tests between the groups. The patient group reported significantly higher level of fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale: 4.8 vs. 2.9, p < .001). There was no significant difference in Fazekas score between the groups. Neuroborreliosis does not seem to affect cognitive functions in the acute state of the disease, while fatigue is common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje Andreassen
- Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Postbox 416, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Elisabeth Margrete Stokke Lindland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Radiology, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway; Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Marit Solheim
- Department of Neurology, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Mona Kristiansen Beyer
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unn Ljøstad
- Department of Neurology, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Åse Mygland
- Department of Neurology, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Habilitation, Sørlandet Hospital, Norway
| | - Åslaug Rudjord Lorentzen
- Department of Neurology, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway; The Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Tick-borne Diseases, Norway
| | - Harald Reiso
- The Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Tick-borne Diseases, Norway
| | - Hanne Flinstad Harbo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | | | - Randi Eikeland
- Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Postbox 416, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway; The Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Tick-borne Diseases, Norway
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Bao YW, Chau ACM, Chiu PKC, Shea YF, Kwan JSK, Chan FHW, Mak HKF. Heterogeneity of Amyloid Binding in Cognitively Impaired Patients Consecutively Recruited from a Memory Clinic: Evaluating the Utility of Quantitative 18F-Flutemetamol PET-CT in Discrimination of Mild Cognitive Impairment from Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:819-832. [PMID: 33361593 PMCID: PMC7902948 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the more widespread use of 18F-radioligand-based amyloid-β (Aβ) PET-CT imaging, we evaluated Aβ binding and the utility of neocortical 18F-Flutemetamol standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) as a biomarker. OBJECTIVE 18F-Flutemetamol SUVR was used to differentiate 1) mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 2) MCI from other non-AD dementias (OD). METHODS 109 patients consecutively recruited from a University memory clinic underwent clinical evaluation, neuropsychological test, MRI and 18F-Flutemetamol PET-CT. The diagnosis was made by consensus of a panel consisting of 1 neuroradiologist and 2 geriatricians. The final cohort included 13 subjective cognitive decline (SCD), 22 AD, 39 MCI, and 35 OD. Quantitative analysis of 16 region-of-interests made by Cortex ID software (GE Healthcare). RESULTS The global mean 18F-Flutemetamol SUVR in SCD, MCI, AD, and OD were 0.50 (SD-0.08), 0.53 (SD-0.16), 0.76 (SD-0.10), and 0.56 (SD-0.16), respectively, with SUVR in SCD and MCI and OD being significantly lower than AD. Aβ binding in SCD, MCI, and OD was heterogeneous, being 23%, 38.5%, and 42.9% respectively, as compared to 100% amyloid positivity in AD. Using global SUVR, ROC analysis showed AUC of 0.868 and 0.588 in differentiating MCI from AD and MCI from OD respectively. CONCLUSION 18F-Flutemetamol SUVR differentiated MCI from AD with high efficacy (high negative predictive value), but much lower efficacy from OD. The major benefit of the test was to differentiate cognitively impaired patients (either SCD, MCI, or OD) without AD-related-amyloid-pathology from AD in the clinical setting, which was under-emphasized in the current guidelines proposed by Amyloid Imaging Task Force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Bao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anson C M Chau
- Department of Medical Imaging, The University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) Teaching Hospital , The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Ka-Chun Chiu
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yat Fung Shea
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joseph S K Kwan
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Hon Wai Chan
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Henry Ka-Fung Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Gustavson DE, Jak AJ, Elman JA, Panizzon MS, Franz CE, Gifford KA, Reynolds CA, Toomey R, Lyons MJ, Kremen WS. How Well Does Subjective Cognitive Decline Correspond to Objectively Measured Cognitive Decline? Assessment of 10-12 Year Change. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:291-304. [PMID: 34308902 PMCID: PMC8482061 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although not strongly correlated with current objective cognitive ability, subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Most studies focus on SCD in relation to future decline rather than objective prior decline that it purportedly measures. OBJECTIVE We evaluated whether self-report of cognitive decline-as a continuous measure-corresponds to objectively-assessed episodic memory and executive function decline across the same period. METHODS 1,170 men completed the Everyday Cognition Questionnaire (ECog) at mean age 68 assessing subjective changes in cognitive ability relative to 10 years prior. A subset had mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but MCI was diagnosed without regard to subjective decline. Participants completed up to 3 objective assessments of memory and executive function (M = 56, 62, and 68 years). Informant-reported ECogs were completed for 1,045 individuals. Analyses controlled for depression and anxiety symptoms assessed at mean age 68. RESULTS Participant-reported ECog scores were modestly associated with objective decline for memory (β= -0.23, 95%CI [-0.37, -0.10]) and executive function (β= -0.19, 95%CI [-0.33, -0.05]) over the same time period. However, these associations were nonsignificant after excluding MCI cases. Results were similar for informant ratings. Participant-rated ECog scores were more strongly associated with concurrent depression and anxiety symptoms, (β= 0.44, 95%CI [0.36, 0.53]). CONCLUSION Continuous SCD scores are correlated with prior objective cognitive changes in non-demented individuals, though this association appears driven by individuals with current MCI. However, participants' current depression and anxiety ratings tend to be strongly associated with their SCD ratings. Thus, what primarily drives SCD ratings remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Gustavson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Amy J. Jak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Psychology Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare system, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jeremy A. Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Matthew S. Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Carol E. Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Katherine A. Gifford
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Chandra A. Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA
| | - Rosemary Toomey
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Michael J. Lyons
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - William S. Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA
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Structural imaging outcomes in subjective cognitive decline: Community vs. clinical-based samples. Exp Gerontol 2020; 145:111216. [PMID: 33340685 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been proposed as a preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroimaging studies have suggested early AD-like structural brain alterations in SCD subjects compared to healthy controls. However, there is substantial heterogeneity in the results, which might depend on whether SCD samples were drawn from the community or from memory clinics. Here we reviewed brain atrophy, assessed through structural magnetic resonance imaging, separately for SCD-community and clinic-based samples. SCD-community samples show a more consistent pattern of atrophy, involving the hippocampus and temporal and parietal cortices. Similarly, in SCD-clinic samples the temporo-parietal cortex showed early vulnerability, however these studies reported a more heterogeneous atrophy pattern. Overall, these studies suggest both commonalities and differences in brain atrophy patterns between SCD clinical and community samples. In SCD-community, the temporal cortex is involved, while SCD-clinical exhibited a more complex pattern of atrophy, which may be related to a more heterogeneous sample reporting neuropsychiatric symptoms along with preclinical AD.
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Brown MJ, Cohen SA. Informal Caregiving, Poor Mental Health, and Subjective Cognitive Decline: Results From a Population-Based Sample. J Gerontol Nurs 2020; 46:31-41. [PMID: 33232495 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20201106-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined potential gender differences in the associations between informal caregiving, poor mental health, and subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Data were obtained from the U.S. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N = 16,042; 9,410 women, 6,632 men). Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to obtain adjusted βs and odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) depicting the association between informal caregiving, poor mental health, and SCD overall and by gender. Caregiving was positively associated with poor mental health among men (adjusted β = 2.60; 95% CI [2.59, 2.62]) and women (adjusted β = 0.40; 95% CI [0.23, 0.57]). Poor mental health was positively associated with SCD among men (adjusted OR = 1.05; 95% CI [1.02, 1.08]) and women (adjusted OR = 1.07; 95% CI [1.04, 1.10]). Poor mental health may be associated with SCD, irrespective of gender, and additional studies are needed that will identify key variables influencing SCD among male and female informal caregivers. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46(12), 31-41.].
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76
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Kim MJ, Park C, Zhu B, Fritschi C. Subjective cognitive decline in diabetes: Associations with psychological, sleep, and diabetes-related factors. J Adv Nurs 2020; 77:693-702. [PMID: 33210386 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine whether psychological, sleep, and diabetes-related factors were associated with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). DESIGN A secondary analysis with a cross-sectional, correlational design. METHODS Data from two parent studies were combined. A total of 105 adults with diabetes were recruited from a Midwestern city in the United States from September 2013-March 2014 and September 2016-September 2017. Subjective cognitive decline was measured with the psychological-cognitive symptom subscale of the Diabetes Symptom Checklist-Revised. Psychological factors (diabetes distress, fatigue, and depressive symptoms) and sleep were measured using the Diabetes Distress Scale and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System. Diabetes-related factors were measured with body mass index and glycaemia control. Quantile regression was used to examine the associations. RESULTS/FINDINGS The mean age of the participants was 58.10 (SD 7.92) years and 58.1% were women. The participants' mean psychological-cognitive symptom score was 1.41 (SD 1.13). After controlling for age and gender, sleep disturbance, sleep-related impairment, and body mass index were associated with SCD in lower cognitive symptom quantile groups (5th to 30th percentiles). In contrast, fatigue and depressive symptoms were more strongly associated with SCD in higher quantile groups (70th to 95th percentiles). CONCLUSION In adults with T2D, SCD was differentially associated with psychological, sleep, and diabetes-related factors depending on cognitive symptom percentiles. Adults with T2D require regular screening for SCD. If they complain of cognitive symptoms at clinical visits, different underlying factors should be assessed according to their symptom severity. IMPACT Findings from this study provided evidence for early identification of SCD and its influencing factors, which may help to develop nursing interventions to recognize and/or delay the onset of cognitive impairment in adults with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chang Park
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bingqian Zhu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cynthia Fritschi
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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77
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Bhang I, Mogle J, Hill N, Whitaker EB, Bhargava S. Examining the temporal associations between self-reported memory problems and depressive symptoms in older adults. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:1864-1871. [PMID: 31379193 PMCID: PMC7000302 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1647135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Older adults commonly report problems with their memory which can elicit sadness and worry about future development of cognitive impairment. Conversely, ongoing depressive symptoms can negatively impact older adults' perceptions of their memory performance. The current study examined the longitudinal associations between self-reported memory problems and depressive symptoms to explore which symptom tends to appear first.Method: Two datasets from ongoing observational, longitudinal studies of aging (Memory and Aging Project; Minority Aging Research Study) were used for secondary analyses. Older adults (n = 1,724; Mage = 77.03; SD = 7.54; 76.80% female; 32.26% Black) completed up to 18 annual assessments of self-reported memory (two items: perceived decline in memory and frequency of memory problems) and depressive symptoms. Multilevel models were used to examine intra-individual variability and time-lagged relationships between self-reported memory and depressive symptoms.Results: Concurrently, self-reported memory problems and depressive symptoms were significantly related; at times when older adults reported poorer memory, they also reported more depressive symptoms, regardless of the type of memory self-report. Prospectively, perceived memory decline predicted future depressive symptoms, but depressive symptoms did not predict future reports of memory decline. Self-reported frequency of memory problems did not predict future depressive symptoms or vice versa.Conclusion: The current study's findings suggest a temporal relationship between perceived memory decline and depressive symptoms, such that perceived memory decline can lead to future depressive symptoms. These findings can inform future studies focused on developing a standardized assessment of self-reported memory that is separable from depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Bhang
- Corresponding author: 310 Nursing Sciences Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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78
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Copenhaver MM, Sanborn V, Shrestha R, Mistler C, Gunstad J. Association between the brief inventory of neurocognitive impairment (BINI) and objective cognitive testing among persons with opioid use disorders in drug treatment. J Addict Dis 2020; 39:166-174. [PMID: 33047651 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2020.1831129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined the association between subjective cognitive dysfunction and objective test performance in persons enrolled in drug treatment and stabilized on methadone maintenance therapy (MMT). A total of 177 participants completed the self-reported brief inventory of neurocognitive impairment (BINI) and NIH Toolbox test battery. In participants with neurocognitive dysfunction, scores on all BINI subscales were negatively associated with objective performance on the NIH Toolbox (BINI Global r = -0.26, p = 0.01; BINI Subscales ranging -0.22 to -0.32, all p's < 0.03). Using cutoff scores, results showed participants who scored above the cutoff on the BINI Learning subscale demonstrated significant evidence of objective neurocognitive dysfunction on the NIH Toolbox (65% vs. 35%; χ2 = 6.57, p = 0.02), suggesting possible clinical utility. Future studies are needed to determine the feasibility of using the BINI to inform the accommodation of patients with specific neurocognitive profiles to optimize treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Copenhaver
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | | | - Roman Shrestha
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Colleen Mistler
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - John Gunstad
- Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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79
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Gruters AAA, Ramakers IHGB, Verhey FRJ, Köhler S, Kessels RPC, de Vugt ME. Association Between Proxy- or Self-Reported Cognitive Decline and Cognitive Performance in Memory Clinic Visitors. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 70:1225-1239. [PMID: 31322557 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is uncertain whether self- and proxy-reported cognitive decline in older adults reflect an actual objective cognitive dysfunction in the clinical sense, and if these are predictive for developing dementia. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study is to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal relation between subjective cognitive decline and objective cognitive performance, depressive symptoms, and to determine the predictive value for development of dementia. METHODS We included 405 patients without dementia at first visit from the Maastricht memory clinic participating in a longitudinal cohort study. Subjective cognitive decline was measured using a self- and proxy-report questionnaire. All patients underwent a standardized neuropsychological assessment. Follow-up assessments were performed yearly for three consecutive years, and once after five years. RESULTS Subjective cognitive decline was associated with lower cognitive performance and more depressive symptoms. When comparing self- (n = 342, 84%) and proxy-reported decline (n = 110, 27%), it was shown that proxy reports were associated with a more widespread pattern of lower cognitive performance. In participants without cognitive impairment proxy-reported decline was not associated with depressive symptoms. In contrast, self-reported decline was associated with a stable course of depressive symptoms at follow-up. Proxy-reported cognitive decline (HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.12- 2.78), and mutual complaints (HR = 1.73, CI:1.09- 2.76) predicted incident dementia while self-reported decline did not reach statistical significance (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.65- 2.43). CONCLUSION Proxy-reported cognitive decline was consistently associated with lower cognitive performance and conversion to dementia over 5 years. Self-reported cognitive decline in patients without cognitive impairment might indicate underlying depressive symptoms and thus deserve clinical attention as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique A A Gruters
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Inez H G B Ramakers
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frans R J Verhey
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roy P C Kessels
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Psychology & Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein E de Vugt
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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80
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Drouin SM, McFall GP, Dixon RA. In multiple facets of subjective memory decline sex moderates memory predictions. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 12:e12089. [PMID: 32875056 PMCID: PMC7447903 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two established subjective memory decline facets (SMD; complaints, concerns) are early indicators of memory decline and Alzheimer's disease. We report (1) a four-facet SMD inventory (memory complaints, concerns, compensation, self-efficacy) and (2) prediction of memory change and moderation by sex. METHODS The longitudinal design featured 40 years (53 to 97) of non-demented aging (n = 580) from the Victoria Longitudinal Study. Statistical analyses included confirmatory factor analyses and conditional latent growth modeling. RESULTS The four-facet SMD Inventory was psychometrically confirmed. Longitudinal analyses revealed significant variability in level and change for SMD and memory. Prediction analyses showed complaints and concerns predicted lower level and steeper memory decline; however, follow-up moderation analyses revealed selective predictions for females. Memory compensation predicted decline overall. Lower memory self-efficacy predicted steeper decline selectively for males. DISCUSSION Although traditional and novel SMD facets predicted memory decline, differential sex moderation was observed. SMD research benefits from conceptual complementarity and precision prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G. Peggy McFall
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
| | - Roger A. Dixon
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
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81
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Longitudinal relationships among depressive symptoms and three types of memory self-report in cognitively intact older adults. Int Psychogeriatr 2020; 32:719-732. [PMID: 31309918 PMCID: PMC6962573 DOI: 10.1017/s104161021900084x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study examined whether self-reported memory problems among cognitively intact older adults changed concurrently with, preceded, or followed depressive symptoms over time. DESIGN Data were collected annually via in-person comprehensive medical and neuropsychological examinations as part of the Einstein Aging Study. SETTING Community-dwelling older adults in an urban, multi-ethnic area of New York City were interviewed. PARTICIPANTS The current study included a total of 1,162 older adults (Mage = 77.65, SD = 5.03, 63.39% female; 74.12% White). Data were utilized from up to 11 annual waves per participant. MEASUREMENTS Multilevel modeling tested concurrent and lagged associations between three types of memory self-report (frequency of memory problems, perceived one-year decline, and perceived ten-year decline) and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Results showed that self-reported frequency of memory problems covaried with depressive symptoms only in participants who were older at baseline. Changes in perceived one-year and ten-year memory decline were related to changes in depressive symptoms across all ages. Depressive symptoms increased the likelihood of perceived ten-year memory decline the next year; however, perceived ten-year memory decline did not predict future depressive symptoms. Additionally, no significant temporal relationship was observed between depressive symptoms and self-reported frequency of memory problems or perceived one-year memory decline. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the importance of testing the unique associations of different types of self-reported memory problems with depressive symptoms.
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82
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Chau ACM, Cheung EYW, Chan KH, Chow WS, Shea YF, Chiu PKC, Mak HKF. Impaired cerebral blood flow in type 2 diabetes mellitus - A comparative study with subjective cognitive decline, vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease subjects. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 27:102302. [PMID: 32521474 PMCID: PMC7284123 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CBF impairment is found in T2DM and SCD individuals, which might suggest a preclinical stage of dementia. Comparing to HC, lower CBF in T2DM was due to higher rate of multiple cerebrovascular risk factors. Unlike T2DM, CBF reduction in AD and VD was due to amyloid deposition and microangiopathy respectively. Significant negative correlation between adjusted CBF and HbA1c in all cortical regions in healthy control and T2DM.
The link between non-demented type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and different types of cognitive impairment is controversial. By controlling for co-morbidities such as cerebral macrovascular and microvascular changes, cerebral atrophy, amyloid burden, hypertension or hyperlipidemia, the current study investigated the cerebral blood flow of T2DM individuals as compared to cognitively impaired subjects recruited from a memory clinic. 15 healthy control (71.8 ± 6.1 years), 18 T2DM (62.5 ± 3.7 years), as well as 8 Subjective Cognitive Decline (69.5 ± 7.5 years), 12 Vascular Dementia (79.3 ± 4.2 years) and 17 Alzheimer’s Disease (75.1 ± 8.2 years) underwent multi-parametric MRI brain scanning. Subjects with T2DM and from the memory clinic also had 18-F Flutametamol PET-CT scanning to look for any amyloid burden. Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labeling (PCASL), MR Angiography Head, 3D FLAIR and 3D T1-weighted sequences were used to quantify cerebral blood flow, cerebrovascular changes, white matter hyperintensities and brain atrophy respectively. Vascular risk factors were retrieved from the medical records. The 37 subjects from memory clinic were classified into subjective cognitive decline (SCD), vascular dementia (VD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) subgroups by a multi-disciplinary panel consisting of a neuroradiologist, and 2 geriatricians. Absolute cortical CBF in our cohort of T2DM, SCD, VD and AD was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) as compared to healthy controls (HC) in both whole brain and eight paired brain regions, after age, normalized grey matter volume and gender adjustment and Bonferroni correction. Subgroup analysis between T2DM, SCD, VD, and AD revealed that CBF of T2DM was not significantly different from AD, VD or SCD. By controlling for co-morbidities, impaired cortical CBF in T2DM was not related to microangiopathy or amyloid deposition, but to the interaction of triple risk factors (such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia). There was statistically significant negative correlation (p ≤ 0.05) between adjusted CBF and HbA1c in all brain regions of T2DM and HC (with partial correlation ranging from −0.30 to −0.46). Taken together, altered cerebral blood flow in T2DM might be related to disruption of cerebrovascular autoregulation related to vascular risk factors, and such oligemia occurred before clinical manifestation due to altered glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anson C M Chau
- The University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) Teaching Hospital Limited, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
| | - Eva Y W Cheung
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, K406, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - K H Chan
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 405B, Professorial Block, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
| | - W S Chow
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 405B, Professorial Block, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
| | - Y F Shea
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 405B, Professorial Block, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick K C Chiu
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 405B, Professorial Block, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Henry K F Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, K406, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Alzheimer's Disease Research Network, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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83
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Hill NL, Mogle J, Bell TR, Bhargava S, Wion RK, Bhang I. Predicting current and future anxiety symptoms in cognitively intact older adults with memory complaints. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 34:1874-1882. [PMID: 31468598 PMCID: PMC6854282 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Memory complaints are a common concern for older adults and may co-occur with anxiety symptoms. Although both memory complaints and anxiety are associated with heightened cognitive decline risk, little is known about how these symptoms develop over time. The purpose of this study was to examine the differential concurrent and longitudinal relationships among anxiety symptoms and two types of memory complaints in cognitively intact older adults. METHODS/DESIGN The current study sample was drawn from two longitudinal, nationally representative datasets, the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Cognitively intact older adults aged 65 and over were included, representing six (n = 5069; NHATS) and two (n = 5284; HRS) waves of data, respectively. Using multilevel linear modeling, we tested bidirectional relationships between anxiety and two types of memory complaints: current rating of memory performance and perceived memory decline. RESULTS Concurrent associations between anxiety symptoms and memory complaints were found in both datasets: At times when current memory performance was rated more poorly or perceived memory decline was reported, anxiety symptoms tended to be higher, and vice versa. A longitudinal relationship was identified in NHATS such that perceived memory decline, and not current memory rating, predicted future anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION This study provides a better understanding of the relationships between memory complaints and anxiety symptoms over time. Cognitively intact older adults with perceived memory decline are at greater risk for current as well as future anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki L. Hill
- College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA,Corresponding author: Nikki L. Hill, PhD, RN, College of Nursing at Pennsylvania State University, 201 Nursing Sciences Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA, , Telephone: (814) 867-3265
| | - Jacqueline Mogle
- College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Tyler Reed Bell
- College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Sakshi Bhargava
- College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Rachel K. Wion
- College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Iris Bhang
- College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
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Vyhnálek M, Marková H, Laczó J, De Beni R, Di Nuovo S. Assessment of Memory Impairment in Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2019; 16:975-985. [PMID: 31724515 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666191113125303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Memory impairment has been considered as one of the earliest clinical hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. This paper summarizes recent progress in the assessment of memory impairment in predementia stages. New promising approaches of memory assessment include evaluation of longitudinal cognitive changes, assessment of long-term memory loss, evaluation of subjective cognitive concerns and testing of other memory modalities, such as spatial memory. In addition, we describe new challenging memory tests based on memory binding paradigms that have been recently developed and are currently being validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vyhnálek
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Marková
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laczó
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Santo Di Nuovo
- Department of Education, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Rahman-Filipiak AM, Giordani B, Heidebrink J, Bhaumik A, Hampstead BM. Self- and Informant-Reported Memory Complaints: Frequency and Severity in Cognitively Intact Individuals and those with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementias. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 65:1011-1027. [PMID: 30124444 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are incorporated into the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and neurodegenerative dementias; however, the relative frequency of SMCs in cognitively intact older adults and those with different types of dementia is poorly understood. Similarly, the concordance between self- versus informant-reported SMCs has not been compared across different diagnostic groups. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of self-reported (Objective 1) and informant-reported (Objective 2) SMCs in cognitively intact adults or those diagnosed with MCI or a neurodegenerative dementia. Agreement between participant and informant complaints was also evaluated (Objective 3). METHODS Baseline evaluation data were drawn from 488 participants (Mage = 70.49 years; Medu = 15.62 years) diagnosed as cognitively intact, non-amnestic MCI, amnestic single domain MCI, amnestic multi-domain MCI, possible/probable Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, or frontotemporal dementia. Participants and their informants completed the Memory Assessment Clinic Questionnaire. RESULTS One-way ANCOVAs controlling for age, education, and depression revealed no group differences in severity of self-reported SMCs. In contrast, informant memory ratings followed the expected clinical pattern, with comparable and most impaired ratings given to participants with any dementia diagnosis, followed by those with any MCI diagnosis, followed by cognitively intact participants. There was inconsistent agreement between self- and informant-reported SMC ratings in any of the impaired groups. CONCLUSIONS Given greater diagnostic specificity and internal consistency of informant report, clinicians should weigh this information more heavily than self-report in the diagnostic process.
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86
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De Roeck EE, van der Vorst A, Engelborghs S, Zijlstra GAR, Dierckx E. Exploring Cognitive Frailty: Prevalence and Associations with Other Frailty Domains in Older People with Different Degrees of Cognitive Impairment. Gerontology 2019; 66:55-64. [PMID: 31330515 DOI: 10.1159/000501168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty has long been defined as the co-occurrence of mild cognitive deficits and physical frailty. However, recently, a new approach to cognitive frailty has been proposed: cognitive frailty as a distinct construct. Nonetheless, the relationship between this relatively new construct of cognitive frailty and other frailty domains is unclear. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to explore the prevalence of cognitive frailty in groups with different degrees of cognitive impairment, as well as to explore the associations between frailty domains, and if this varies with level of objective cognitive impairment. METHOD Cross-sectional, secondary data from 3 research projects among community-dwelling people aged ≥60 years, with different degrees of objective cognitive impairment, were used: (1) a randomly selected sample (n = 353); (2) a sample at an increased risk of frailty (n = 95); and (3) a sample of memory clinic patients who scored 0.5 on the Clinical Dementia Rating scale - according to the "original" definition of cognitive frailty (n = 47). Multidimensional frailty was assessed with the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument - Plus and general cognitive functioning with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Descriptive statistics and linear regression were used to determine the prevalence of cognitive frailty and to explore the relationship between cognitive frailty and the other types of frailty in each sample. RESULTS The prevalence of cognitive frailty increased along with the degree of objective cognitive impairment in the 3 samples (range 35.1-80.9%), while its co-occurrence with (one of) the other types of frailty was most frequent in the frail and community samples. Regarding its relationship with the other domains, cognitive frailty was positively associated with psychological frailty's subdomain mood disorder symptoms in all 3 samples (p ≤ 0.01), while there was no significant association with environmental frailty and social loneliness. The associations between cognitive frailty and the other types of frailty differed between the samples. CONCLUSION Psychological and cognitive frailty are strongly associated, irrespective of the objective degree of cognitive impairment. In addition, it is shown that cognitive frailty can occur independently from the other frailty domains, including physical frailty, and therefore it can be seen as a distinct concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen E De Roeck
- Developmental and Lifespan Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA) Middelheim and Hoge Beuken, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anne van der Vorst
- Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, VUB University Hospital Brussels (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G A Rixt Zijlstra
- Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Dierckx
- Developmental and Lifespan Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium, .,Alexian Psychiatric Hospital, Tienen, Belgium,
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87
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Zlatar ZZ, Muniz MC, Espinoza SG, Gratianne R, Gollan TH, Galasko D, Salmon DP. Subjective Cognitive Decline, Objective Cognition, and Depression in Older Hispanics Screened for Memory Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:949-956. [PMID: 29689718 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is common in older adults and may be an early marker of future cognitive decline. Research suggest that SCD is more closely related to concurrent symptoms of depression than to objective cognitive performance in non-Hispanic Whites, but it is unknown whether the associations of SCD, cognition, and depression manifest differently in Hispanic older adults. We examined if SCD is associated with objective cognitive performance or with depression symptoms in 145 Hispanic individuals ages 60 or older referred by community health clinics for screening of cognitive complaints. All participants lived near the U.S.-Mexico border, spoke Spanish only, or were Spanish-English bilingual. Memory-only and global cognitive composites were created from scores on Spanish versions of several neuropsychological tests. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and a five-item SCD questionnaire developed by our group were also completed. Multiple regression analyses showed no significant associations between SCD and memory or global cognitive composite scores after adjusting for age, sex, education, and GDS score. In contrast, there was a significant association between GDS and SCD after adjusting for age, sex, education, global and memory composite scores. Findings suggest that SCD does not accurately reflect current cognitive status in older Hispanics who present to their primary care physician with cognitive complaints. Clinicians should interpret SCD in this population within the context of information about symptoms of depression. Longitudinal research is needed in older Hispanics to better characterize SCD in this population and to determine if it can predict future cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvinka Z Zlatar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martha C Muniz
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah G Espinoza
- Department of Neurosciences, Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Tamar H Gollan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David P Salmon
- Department of Neurosciences, Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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88
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Gifford KA, Bell SP, Liu D, Neal JE, Turchan M, Shah AS, Jefferson AL. Frailty Is Related to Subjective Cognitive Decline in Older Women without Dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:1803-1811. [PMID: 31095735 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical frailty (or loss of physiologic reserve) is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may represent early pathologic changes of dementia. The association between these disease markers is unclear. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING Community-based participants from the Vanderbilt Memory & Aging Project. PARTICIPANTS A total of 306 older adults with normal cognition (NC; n = 174) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 132). MEASUREMENTS Frailty was measured using standard methods, and a composite frailty score was calculated. SCD was quantified using the Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog; total score and four domain scores). Objective cognition was assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Proportional odds models, stratified by sex, related the frailty composite to MoCA and total ECog score adjusting for age, education, body mass index, cognitive diagnosis, depressed mood, Framingham Stroke Risk Profile, apolipoprotein E (APOE ε4) carrier status, and height (for gait speed models). Secondary models related individual frailty components to SCD domains and explored associations in NC only. RESULTS In women, frailty composite was related to MoCA (odds ratio [OR] = .56; P = .04), a finding attenuated in sensitivity analysis (OR = .59; P = .08). Frailty composite related to ECog total (OR = 2.27; P = .02), planning (OR = 2.63; P = .02), and organization scores (OR = 2.39; P = .03). Increasing gait speed related to lower ECog total (OR = .06; P = .003) and memory scores (OR = .03; P < .001). Grip strength related to lower ECog planning score (OR = .91; P = .04). In men, frailty was unrelated to objective and subjective cognition (P values >.07). Findings were consistent in the NC group. CONCLUSION Frailty component and composite scores are related to SCD before the presence of overt dementia. Results suggest that this association is present before overt cognitive impairment. Results suggest a possible sex difference in the clinical manifestation of frailty, with primary associations noted in women. Further studies should investigate mechanisms linking early changes among frailty, SCD, and cognition. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1-9, 2019. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1803-1811, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Gifford
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Susan P Bell
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jacquelyn E Neal
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Maxim Turchan
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Avantika S Shah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Center for Quality Aging, Division of General Internal Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Angela L Jefferson
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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89
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Hall JR, Wiechmann A, Johnson LA, Edwards M, O'Bryant SE. Characteristics of Cognitively Normal Mexican-Americans with Cognitive Complaints. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 61:1485-1492. [PMID: 29376872 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective cognitive complaints in cognitively normal adults have been linked to later cognitive decline and dementia. Research on the characteristics of this group has been conducted on a variety of clinical and community-based populations. The current study focuses on the rapidly expanding population of Mexican-American elders. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is the determination of characteristics of cognitively normal Mexican-Americans with cognitive complaints. METHODS Data on 319 cognitively normal participants in a large-scale community-based study of elderly Mexican-Americans (HABLE) were analyzed comparing those with cognitive complaints with those without on clinical characteristics, affective status, neuropsychological functioning, and proteomic markers. RESULTS Those expressing concern about cognitive decline scored lower on the MMSE, were more likely to have significantly more affective symptoms, higher levels of diabetic markers, poorer performance on attention and executive functioning, and a different pattern of inflammatory markers. CONCLUSION Although longitudinal research is needed to determine the impact of these differences on later cognition, possible targets for early intervention with Mexican-Americans were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Hall
- Center for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - April Wiechmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Leigh A Johnson
- Institute for Health Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Melissa Edwards
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Sid E O'Bryant
- Institute for Health Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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90
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Gamaldo AA, Wright RS, Aiken-Morgan AT, Allaire JC, Thorpe RJ, Whitfield KE. The Association between Subjective Memory Complaints and Sleep within Older African American Adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2019; 74:202-211. [PMID: 28633326 PMCID: PMC6327663 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbx069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of the current study is to examine the association between subjective memory complaints and sleep (quantity and quality) in African American older adults. Method Participants from the Baltimore Study of Black Aging (BSBA; n = 351; mean age = 71.99) completed a self-report sleep scale, subjective memory complaint scale, global cognitive status measure, and demographic questionnaire. Results Worse overall sleep quality was significantly associated with subjective reports of difficulty recalling the placement of objects, recalling specific facts from reading materials, and worse memory currently compared to the past. Specific sleep parameters (e.g., longer sleep latency and shorter sleep duration) were associated with negative appraisals of participants' ability to do specific tasks involving memory (e.g., difficulty recalling placement of objects). Participants classified as poor sleepers (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] total score > 5) were more likely to report worse memory now compared to the past than participants classified as good sleepers (PSQI total score ≤ 5). Conclusions Evaluation of sleep may be warranted when older adults, particularly African Americans, communicate concerns regarding their memory. Insufficient sleep may be a useful marker of acute daytime dysfunction and, perhaps, cognitive decline. Given memory problems are the hallmark of dementia, our findings support further evaluation of whether poor sleep can aid in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa A Gamaldo
- Human Development and Family Studies, Penn State University, University Park
| | | | - Adrienne T Aiken-Morgan
- Center on Biobehavioral Health Disparities Research, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro
| | | | - Roland J Thorpe
- Center on Biobehavioral Health Disparities Research, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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91
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Alterations in structural rich-club connectivity of the precuneus are associated with depressive symptoms among individuals with subjective memory complaints. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 19:73-87. [PMID: 30298425 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-0645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The association between subjective memory complaints (SMCs) and depressive symptoms has been widely reported and both have been regarded as risk factors for dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although SMCs arise as early as in middle age, the exact neural correlates of comorbid depressive symptoms among individuals who are middle-aged and with SMCs have not yet been well investigated. Because rich-club organization of the brain plays a key role in the pathophysiology of various neuropsychiatric disorders, the investigation of rich club organization may provide insight regarding the neurobiological mechanisms of depressive symptoms in SMCs. In the current study, we compared the rich-club organization in the structural brain connectivity between individuals who have SMCs along with depressive symptoms (SMCD) and individuals with SMCs but without depressive symptoms (SMCO). A total of 53 individuals with SMCD and 91 individuals with SMCO participated in the study. For all participants, high-resolution, T1-weighted images and diffusion tensor images were obtained, and the network analysis was performed. Individuals with SMCD had lower connectivity strength between the precuneus and other rich-club nodes than those with SMCO, which was significant after adjusting for potential confounders. Our findings suggest that disruptions of rich-club connectivity strength of the precuenus are associated with depressive symptoms in middle-aged individuals with SMCs. Given that the precuneus is one of the commonly affected regions in the early stages of AD, our findings may imply that the concomitant depressive symptoms in middle-aged individuals with SMCs could reflect structural alterations related to AD.
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92
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Hogue O, Fernandez HH, Floden DP. Predicting early cognitive decline in newly-diagnosed Parkinson's patients: A practical model. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018; 56:70-75. [PMID: 29936131 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To create a multivariable model to predict early cognitive decline among de novo patients with Parkinson's disease, using brief, inexpensive assessments that are easily incorporated into clinical flow. METHODS Data for 351 drug-naïve patients diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease were obtained from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative. Baseline demographic, disease history, motor, and non-motor features were considered as candidate predictors. Best subsets selection was used to determine the multivariable baseline symptom profile that most accurately predicted individual cognitive decline within three years. RESULTS Eleven per cent of the sample experienced cognitive decline. The final logistic regression model predicting decline included five baseline variables: verbal memory retention, right-sided bradykinesia, years of education, subjective report of cognitive impairment, and REM behavior disorder. Model discrimination was good (optimism-adjusted concordance index = .749). The associated nomogram provides a tool to determine individual patient risk of meaningful cognitive change in the early stages of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Through the consideration of easily-implemented or routinely-gathered assessments, we have identified a multidimensional baseline profile and created a convenient, inexpensive tool to predict cognitive decline in the earliest stages of Parkinson's disease. The use of this tool would generate prediction at the individual level, allowing clinicians to tailor medical management for each patient and identify at-risk patients for clinical trials aimed at disease modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Hogue
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Hubert H Fernandez
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Darlene P Floden
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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