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Abstract
Chronic pain is a debilitating medical condition affecting a significant percentage of the population worldwide. Considerable evidence suggests that pain is an independent risk factor for suicide and inadequately managing pain has been identified as a risk for suicidal behaviour. Additionally, medications used to treat pain may also contribute to suicidal behaviour. Extensive research on pain highlights deficiencies in the clinical management on pain with more gaps in care when patients have pain in combination with mental illness and suicidal behaviour. Providing trainees additional knowledge and equipping them with relevant tools to screen and manage chronic pain efficiently is a potential strategy to mitigate suicide risk. Also, trainees need to be educated on how to screen for suicidality in individuals with pain and apply suicide prevention interventions. This paper will emphasise the necessity to improve education about pain, its close relationship with suicide and effective suicide screening as well as management strategies for medical providers. With additional research, it is the hope that novel treatment modalities will be developed to treat pain to improve the quality of life of individuals suffering from this condition and to decrease suicide risk in this patient population.
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Costanza A, Amerio A, Aguglia A, Serafini G, Amore M, Hasler R, Ambrosetti J, Bondolfi G, Sampogna G, Berardelli I, Fiorillo A, Pompili M, Nguyen KD. Hyper/neuroinflammation in COVID-19 and suicide etiopathogenesis: Hypothesis for a nefarious collision? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 136:104606. [PMID: 35289272 PMCID: PMC8916836 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating scientific and clinical evidence highlighted pathological hyperinflammation as a cardinal feature of SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute COVID-19 disease. With the emergence of long COVID-19 syndrome, several chronic health consequences, including neuropsychiatric sequelae, have gained attention from the public and medical communities. Since inflammatory mediators have also been accredited as putative biomarkers of suicidal ideations and behaviors, hyper- and neuroinflammation might share some colliding points, overlapping and being interconnected in the context of COVID-19. This review aims to provide a summary of current knowledge on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of COVID-19-associated hyper/neuroinflammation with focus on their relevance to the inflammatory hypothesis of suicide development. Subsequently, strategies to alleviate COVID-19 hyper/neuroinflammation by immunomodulatory agents (many of which at experimental stages) as well as psychopharmacologic/psychotherapeutic approaches are also mentioned. While suicide risk in COVID-19 survivors - until now little known - needs further analysis through longitudinal studies, current observations and mechanistic postulates warrant additional attention to this possibly emerging mental health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Costanza
- Departement of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland.
| | - A Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - R Hasler
- Departement of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Service of Psychiatric Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Ambrosetti
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Emergency, Emergency Psychiatric Unit (UAUP), Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G Bondolfi
- Departement of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Service of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention (SPLIC), University Hospitals (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - I Berardelli
- Sant'Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - M Pompili
- Sant'Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - K D Nguyen
- Tranquis Therapeutics, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Marques KC, Silva CC, Trindade SDS, Santos MCDS, Rocha RSB, Vasconcelos PFDC, Quaresma JAS, Falcão LFM. Reduction of Cardiac Autonomic Modulation and Increased Sympathetic Activity by Heart Rate Variability in Patients With Long COVID. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:862001. [PMID: 35571200 PMCID: PMC9098798 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.862001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several clinical manifestations of persistent long coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been documented, their effects on the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system over the long term remain unclear. Thus, we examined the presence of alterations in cardiac autonomic functioning in individuals with long-term manifestations. The study was conducted from October 2020 to May 2021, and an autonomic assessment was performed to collect heart rate data for the heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. The study participants were divided into the long COVID clinical group, the intragroup, which included patients who were hospitalized, and those who were not hospitalized and were symptomatic for different periods (≤3, >3, ≤6, and >6 months), with and without dyspnoea. The control group, the intergroup, comprised of COVID-free individuals. Our results demonstrated that the long COVID clinical group showed reduced HRV compared with the COVID-19-uninfected control group. Patients aged 23–59 years developed COVID symptoms within 30 days after infection, whose diagnosis was confirmed by serologic or reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (swab) tests, were included in the study. A total of 155 patients with long COVID [95 women (61.29%), mean age 43.88 ± 10.88 years and 60 men (38.71%), mean age 43.93 ± 10.11 years] and 94 controls [61 women (64.89%), mean age 40.83 ± 6.31 and 33 men (35.11%), mean age 40.69 ± 6.35 years] were included. The intragroup and intergroup comparisons revealed a reduction in global HRV, increased sympathetic modulation influence, and a decrease in parasympathetic modulation in long COVID. The intragroup showed normal sympathovagal balance, while the intergroup showed reduced sympathovagal balance. Our findings indicate that long COVID leads to sympathetic excitation influence and parasympathetic reduction. The excitation can increase the heart rate and blood pressure and predispose to cardiovascular complications. Short-term HRV analysis showed good reproducibility to verify the cardiac autonomic involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Carvalho Marques
- Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, Laboratory of Infectious and Cardiopulmonary Diseases, Long COVID Program, Centre for Biological and Health Sciences, Pará State University, Belém, Brazil
| | - Camilla Costa Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, Laboratory of Infectious and Cardiopulmonary Diseases, Long COVID Program, Centre for Biological and Health Sciences, Pará State University, Belém, Brazil
| | - Steffany da Silva Trindade
- Laboratory of Infectious and Cardiopulmonary Diseases, Long COVID Program, Centre for Biological and Health Sciences, Pará State University, Belém, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos
- Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, Laboratory of Infectious and Cardiopulmonary Diseases, Long COVID Program, Centre for Biological and Health Sciences, Pará State University, Belém, Brazil
| | - Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma
- Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, Laboratory of Infectious and Cardiopulmonary Diseases, Long COVID Program, Centre for Biological and Health Sciences, Pará State University, Belém, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fábio Magno Falcão
- Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, Laboratory of Infectious and Cardiopulmonary Diseases, Long COVID Program, Centre for Biological and Health Sciences, Pará State University, Belém, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Luiz Fábio Magno Falcão
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54
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Thiolliere F, Falandry C, Allaouchiche B, Geoffray V, Bitker L, Reignier J, Abraham P, Malaquin S, Balança B, Boyer H, Seguin P, Guichon C, Simon M, Friggeri A, Vacheron CH. Intensive care-related loss of quality of life and autonomy at 6 months post-discharge: Does COVID-19 really make things worse? Crit Care 2022; 26:94. [PMID: 35379312 PMCID: PMC8978758 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-03958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare old patients hospitalized in ICU for respiratory distress due to COVID-19 with old patients hospitalized in ICU for a non-COVID-19-related reason in terms of autonomy and quality of life.
Design Comparison of two prospective multi-centric studies. Setting This study was based on two prospective multi-centric studies, the Senior-COVID-Rea cohort (COVID-19-diagnosed ICU-admitted patients aged over 60) and the FRAGIREA cohort (ICU-admitted patients aged over 70). Patients We included herein the patients from both cohorts who had been evaluated at day 180 after admission (ADL score and quality of life). Interventions None. Measurements and main results A total of 93 COVID-19 patients and 185 control-ICU patients were included. Both groups were not balanced on age, body mass index, mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, and ADL and SAPS II scores. We modeled with ordered logistic regression the influence of COVID-19 on the quality of life and the ADL score. After adjustment on these factors, we observed COVID-19 patients were less likely to have a loss of usual activities (aOR [95% CI] 0.47 [0.23; 0.94]), a loss of mobility (aOR [95% CI] 0.30 [0.14; 0.63]), and a loss of ADL score (aOR [95% CI] 0.30 [0.14; 0.63]). On day 180, 52 (56%) COVID-19 patients presented signs of dyspnea, 37 (40%) still used analgesics, 17 (18%) used anxiolytics, and 14 (13%) used antidepressant. Conclusions COVID-19-related ICU stay was not associated with a lower quality of life or lower autonomy compared to non-COVID-19-related ICU stay. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13054-022-03958-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Thiolliere
- Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Claire Falandry
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Geriatrics Unit, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France.,University of Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Charles Mérieux Medical School, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Bernard Allaouchiche
- Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Claude Bernard, Lyon1, Villeurbanne, France.,Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, UPSP 2016.A101, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Aggression in Sepsis, 69280, Marcy l'Étoile, France
| | - Victor Geoffray
- Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Bitker
- Service de Médecine Intensive - Réanimation, Hôpital de La Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, INSA-Lyon, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS, UMR 5220, U1206, Université de Lyon, 69621, Lyon, France
| | - Jean Reignier
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Paul Abraham
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Édouard Herriot, 69008, Hospices civils de LyonLyon, France
| | | | - Baptiste Balança
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, service d'anesthésie réanimation neurologique, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, département d'anesthésie reanimation, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69500, Bron, France.,Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, U1028, Bron, France
| | - Hélène Boyer
- Direction de la Recherche en Santé, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Seguin
- Réanimation chirurgicale. CHU Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Céline Guichon
- Département d'anesthésie et réanimation chirurgicale, hôpital Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire Inter universitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM), Lyon, France
| | - Marie Simon
- Médecine Intensive - Réanimation- Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 1 place d'Arsonval, 69003, Lyon, France
| | - Arnaud Friggeri
- Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France.,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Equipe Laboratoire des Pathogènes Emergents), Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France.,Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Charles-Hervé Vacheron
- Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France. .,CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Equipe Laboratoire des Pathogènes Emergents), Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France. .,Pôle Santé Publique, Service de Biostatistique - Bioinformatique, 165, chemin du grand revoyet, 69495, Pierre-Bénite, Lyon, France.
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55
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Clark IA. Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post-stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2022; 10:e00926. [PMID: 35174650 PMCID: PMC8850677 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The chronic neurological aspects of traumatic brain injury, post-stroke syndromes, long COVID-19, persistent Lyme disease, and influenza encephalopathy having close pathophysiological parallels that warrant being investigated in an integrated manner. A mechanism, common to all, for this persistence of the range of symptoms common to these conditions is described. While TNF maintains cerebral homeostasis, its excessive production through either pathogen-associated molecular patterns or damage-associated molecular patterns activity associates with the persistence of the symptoms common across both infectious and non-infectious conditions. The case is made that this shared chronicity arises from a positive feedback loop causing the persistence of the activation of microglia by the TNF that these cells generate. Lowering this excess TNF is the logical way to reducing this persistent, TNF-maintained, microglial activation. While too large to negotiate the blood-brain barrier effectively, the specific anti-TNF biological, etanercept, shows promise when administered by the perispinal route, which allows it to bypass this obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Albert Clark
- Research School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
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56
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Guerrero M, Castroman P, Quiroga O, Berenguel Cook M, Narvaez Tamayo MA, Venturoni L, Pergolizzi Jr J, Rekatsina M, Varrassi G. Pain Management and COVID-19: A Latin American Perspective. Cureus 2022; 14:e23100. [PMID: 35464506 PMCID: PMC9001811 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccinations and therapeutics have been developed for COVID-19, but vaccine uptake varies markedly among countries. Public health responses have also varied, in particular, with lockdown efforts and school closing. All over the world, the pandemic exposed healthcare and economic weaknesses. COVID-19 exacerbated mental health issues by exposing the population to prolonged periods of fear, anxiety, financial stress, psychological uncertainties, and sometimes isolation from even family and friends. Chronic pain patients have been disproportionately affected. The pandemic-associated stresses may have exacerbated their already painful symptoms while at the same time interrupting their access to care. The ramifications of the COVID-19 post-viral syndrome (“long COVID-19”) are not yet known. COVID-19 viral infection has been associated with neuropathic pain symptoms. Tele-triage and telehealth applications can help manage chronic pain patients in the COVID-19 era, but many interventional procedures, injections, or other treatments have been delayed. The role of palliative care for patients with terminal cases of infection must be re-examined. Palliative care is a relatively new medical specialty and allows terminally ill patients to die in as much comfort and peace as can be afforded to them. More training in palliative care for all clinicians is urgently needed. COVID-19 exposed much that is wrong or weak or inadequate in our healthcare systems, but it also allowed us to embrace new technologies and develop better systems to manage the challenge of a pandemic.
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Romanova J, Rydlovskaya A, Mochalov S, Proskurina O, Gorokh Y, Nebolsin V. The Effect of Anti-Chemokine Oral Drug XC8 on Cough Triggered by The Agonists of TRPA1 But Not TRPV1 Channels in Guinea Pigs. Pulm Ther 2022; 8:105-122. [PMID: 35133638 PMCID: PMC8824739 DOI: 10.1007/s41030-022-00183-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic cough heavily affects patients’ quality of life, and there are no effective licensed therapies available. Cough is a complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, asthma, and other diseases. Patients with various diseases have a different profile of tussive responses to diverse cough triggers, thereby suggesting sundry mechanisms of neuronal dysfunctions. Previously, we demonstrated that the small molecule drug XC8 shows a clinical anti-asthmatic effect. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of XC8 on cough. Methods We studied the antitussive effect of XC8 on cough induced by agonists activating human transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels TRPA1 or TRPV1 in guinea pigs. We checked the agonistic/antagonistic activity of XC8 on the human cation channels TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPM8, P2X purinoceptor 2 (P2X2), and human acid sensing ion channel 3 (hASIC3) in Fluorescent Imaging Plate Reader (FLIPR) assay. Results XC8 demonstrated clear antitussive activity and dose-dependently inhibited cough in guinea pigs induced by citric acid alone (up to 67.1%) or in combination with IFN-γ (up to 76.4%). XC8 suppressed cough reflexes induced by the repeated inhalation of citric acid (up to 80%) or by cinnamaldehyde (up to 60%). No activity of XC8 against cough evoked by capsaicin was revealed. No direct agonistic/antagonistic activity of XC8 on human TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPM8, P2X2, or hASIC3 was detected. Conclusions XC8 acts against cough evoked by the activation of TRPA1 (citric acid/cinnamaldehyde) but not TRPV1 (capsaicin) channels. XC8 inhibits the cough reflex and suppresses the cough potentiation by IFN-γ. XC8 might be of significant therapeutic value for patients suffering from chronic cough associated with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Romanova
- Pharmenterprises LLC, 42 Bolshoj Blvd., Building 1, office 771, 772, Skolkovo Innovation Centre, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation.
| | - Anastasia Rydlovskaya
- Pharmenterprises LLC, 42 Bolshoj Blvd., Building 1, office 771, 772, Skolkovo Innovation Centre, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation
| | - Stepan Mochalov
- Pharmenterprises LLC, 42 Bolshoj Blvd., Building 1, office 771, 772, Skolkovo Innovation Centre, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation
| | - Oxana Proskurina
- Pharmenterprises LLC, 42 Bolshoj Blvd., Building 1, office 771, 772, Skolkovo Innovation Centre, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia Gorokh
- Pharmenterprises LLC, 42 Bolshoj Blvd., Building 1, office 771, 772, Skolkovo Innovation Centre, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Nebolsin
- Pharmenterprises LLC, 42 Bolshoj Blvd., Building 1, office 771, 772, Skolkovo Innovation Centre, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation
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58
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Kelly
- Address correspondence to Brendan Kelly, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Tallaght University Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24, D24 NR0A, Ireland.
| | - G Gulati
- Schools of Law & Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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59
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Woodward SF, Bari S, Vike N, Lalvani S, Stetsiv K, Kim BW, Stefanopoulos L, Maglaveras N, Breiter H, Katsaggelos AK. Anxiety, Post-COVID-Syndrome-related depression, and suicidal thinking and behavior in COVID-19 survivors (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e36656. [PMID: 35763757 PMCID: PMC9604174 DOI: 10.2196/36656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although the mental health impacts of COVID-19 on the general population have been well studied, studies of the long-term impacts of COVID-19 on infected individuals are relatively new. To date, depression, anxiety, and neurological symptoms associated with post–COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) have been observed in the months following COVID-19 recovery. Suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB) have also been preliminarily proposed as sequelae of COVID-19. Objective We asked 3 questions. First, do participants reporting a history of COVID-19 diagnosis or a close relative having severe COVID-19 symptoms score higher on depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]) or state anxiety (State Trait Anxiety Index) screens than those who do not? Second, do participants reporting a COVID-19 diagnosis score higher on PCS-related PHQ-9 items? Third, do participants reporting a COVID-19 diagnosis or a close relative having severe COVID-19 symptoms score higher in STB before, during, or after the first year of the pandemic? Methods This preliminary study analyzed responses to a COVID-19 and mental health questionnaire obtained from a US population sample, whose data were collected between February 2021 and March 2021. We used the Mann-Whitney U test to detect differences in the medians of the total PHQ-9 scores, PHQ-9 component scores, and several STB scores between participants claiming a past clinician diagnosis of COVID-19 and those denying one, as well as between participants claiming severe COVID-19 symptoms in a close relative and those denying them. Where significant differences existed, we created linear regression models to predict the scores based on COVID-19 response as well as demographics to identify potential confounding factors in the Mann-Whitney relationships. Moreover, for STB scores, which corresponded to 5 questions asking about 3 different time intervals (i.e., past 1 year or more, past 1 month to 1 year, and past 1 month), we developed repeated-measures ANOVAs to determine whether scores tended to vary over time. Results We found greater total depression (PHQ-9) and state anxiety (State Trait Anxiety Index) scores in those with COVID-19 history than those without (Bonferroni P=.001 and Bonferroni P=.004) despite a similar history of diagnosed depression and anxiety. Greater scores were noted for a subset of depression symptoms (PHQ-9 items) that overlapped with the symptoms of PCS (all Bonferroni Ps<.05). Moreover, we found greater overall STB scores in those with COVID-19 history, equally in time windows preceding, during, and proceeding infection (all Bonferroni Ps<.05). Conclusions We confirm previous studies linking depression and anxiety diagnoses to COVID-19 recovery. Moreover, our findings suggest that depression diagnoses associated with COVID-19 history relate to PCS symptoms, and that STB associated with COVID-19 in some cases precede infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean F Woodward
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sumra Bari
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nicole Vike
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shamal Lalvani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Khrystyna Stetsiv
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Byoung Woo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Leandros Stefanopoulos
- Laboratory of Medical Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nicos Maglaveras
- Laboratory of Medical Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Hans Breiter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aggelos K Katsaggelos
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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60
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Sher L. Smoking enhances suicide risk-a significant role in the COVID-19 pandemic? QJM 2022; 114:767-769. [PMID: 34694396 PMCID: PMC8574319 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has severely affected the whole world. Considerable evidence suggests that tobacco smoking is associated with increased severity of COVID-19 and death in COVID-19 patients. Tobacco smoking cessation is necessary to decrease COVID-19-related hospitalizations and deaths. In this commentary, I suggest that tobacco smoking cessation is also needed to reduce suicidal behavior during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Significant evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic leads to increased tobacco consumption as smokers use more tobacco to cope with pandemic-related stress, anxiety, depression and loneliness. Multiple studies have demonstrated that tobacco smoking is associated with suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, suicide death and a contributing factor in the pathophysiology of suicide. Smoking may increase the probability of development of post-COVID syndrome because it increases severity of COVID-19. Suicide risk may be increased in individuals with post-COVID syndrome. Smoking prevention and cessation should be a target of suicide prevention interventions during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic enhances the need to act to integrate tobacco smoking cessation in the health care as a standard of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Sher
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Address correspondence to : Leo Sher, M.D., James J. Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA, Tel: 1-718-584-9000, Fax: 1-718-741-4703,
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Kohut AO, Chaban OS, Burdeinyi AO, Dolynskyi RG, Bursa AI, Bobryk MI, Gershanov A. POST-COVID COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2022; 75:1895-1899. [PMID: 36089875 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202208113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: The revealing of the consequences of the long-term postcovid effects on the particular cognitive domains in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2) by comparing the characteristics of patients with DM 2 without postcovid disorders and the characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with long-therm postcovid without DM 2 by forming the research hypothesis to improve the adherence to treatment of patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: Literature search was performed using PubMed search criteria "covid AND cognitive AND domain" 217 articles, as a result, and separately "diabetes mellitus 2 type AND cognitive impairment AND domain" with the result of 164 articles. There were 26 remaining studies included in this review. The hypothesis about the relationships between the particular cause factors and the defeating of specific cognitive domains in patients with DM 2 in the long-term postcovid period has been formed. CONCLUSION Conclusions: This is important in the terms of the influence of cognitive impairment on the concordance to treatment process and quality of life level in patients with DM 2 in general. So, involving specialists of different profiles in a multidisciplinary approach is the solution to this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna O Kohut
- BOGOMOLETS NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, KYIV, UKRAINE
| | - Oleg S Chaban
- BOGOMOLETS NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, KYIV, UKRAINE
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Maleitzke T, Zocholl D, Topp T, Dimitrov-Discher A, Daus E, Reaux G, Zocholl M, Conze RN, Kolster M, Weber P, Fleckenstein FN, Scheutz Henriksen L, Stöckle U, Fuchs T, Gümbel D, Spranger N, Ringk A, Märdian S. Quality and quantity of serious violent suicide attempts during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:927696. [PMID: 35928775 PMCID: PMC9343723 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.927696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While repeated shutdown and lockdown measures helped contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing and self-isolation negatively impacted global mental health in 2020 and 2021. Although suicide rates did reportedly not increase during the first months of the pandemic, long-term data, and data on the quality of serious violent suicide attempts (SVSAs) are not available to date. MATERIALS AND METHODS Orthopaedic trauma patient visits to the emergency department (ED), ED trauma team activations, and SVSAs were retrospectively evaluated from January 2019 until May 2021 in four Level-I Trauma Centers in Berlin, Germany. SVSAs were assessed for suicide method, injury pattern and severity, type of treatment, and length of hospital stay. RESULTS Significantly fewer orthopaedic trauma patients presented to EDs during the pandemic (n = 70,271) compared to the control (n = 84,864) period (p = 0.0017). ED trauma team activation numbers remained unchanged. SVSAs (corrected for seasonality) also remained unchanged during control (n = 138) and pandemic (n = 129) periods, and no differences were observed for suicide methods, injury patterns, or length of hospital stay. CONCLUSION Our data emphasize that a previously reported rise in psychological stress during the COVID-19 pandemic does not coincide with increased SVSA rates or changes in quality of SVSAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tazio Maleitzke
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dario Zocholl
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Topp
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Dimitrov-Discher
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elly Daus
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriel Reaux
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Malin Zocholl
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Vivantes Hospital Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rolf Nicolas Conze
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Vivantes Hospital Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Kolster
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Klinikum Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin gGmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Weber
- Center for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Nima Fleckenstein
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Scheutz Henriksen
- International Centre for Research and Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Stöckle
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Fuchs
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Vivantes Hospital Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denis Gümbel
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Klinikum Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin gGmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolai Spranger
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Klinikum Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin gGmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Ringk
- Center for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Märdian
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
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63
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Latysh KV. POST-COVID SUICIDE: FORENSIC SCIENCE ANALYSIS. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2022; 75:2031-2035. [PMID: 36129091 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202208216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: The article draws attention to the raise of suicide incidents after COVID-19 and proposes special knowledge to use in some forensic examinations for patients with COVID-19 and after as a measure of suicide preventing. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: Scientific researches and comparative analyzes of criminal cases marked as a suicide were done based on statistics method. 415 suicide cases were fixed in Ukraine in 2020, and other persons' influence for suicide committing was revealed only in 61cases. In 2021, the tendency has increased, and only during the first four months (from January till April) there were 213 suicide cases. CONCLUSION Conclusions: There are so many cases of suicide after COVID-19 caused by mental and neurological disorders due to the coronavirus effects on human brain and psyche, not only at hospitals but at home as well. The virus can disrupt nervous system work both directly and indirectly, activating the immune system excessively (the so-called cytokine storm). Complex forensic medical and psychological examination may be appointed to determine the mental state of persons after COVID-19. There are two ways to solve the problem with the help of special knowledge and forensic science. On the one hand, investigate person's predisposition for suicide after covid to prevent a suicide. On the other hand, if you had failed and the person committed a suicide use the information received to prevent other persons' suicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna V Latysh
- YAROSLAV MUDRYI NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY, KHARKIV, UKRAINE; VILNIUS UNIVERSITY, VILNIUS, LITHUANIA
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Campo-Arias A, Pedrozo-Pupo JC, Caballero-Domínguez CC. Relation of perceived discrimination with depression, insomnia and post-traumatic stress in COVID-19 survivors. Psychiatry Res 2022; 307:114337. [PMID: 34922241 PMCID: PMC8665839 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The study's objective was to study the association of perceived discrimination with depression, insomnia and post-traumatic stress in people recovered from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Santa Marta, Colombia. COVID-19 survivors were invited to participate. The authors measured perceived discrimination related to COVID-19 (COVID-19 Perceived Stigma Scale), depression (PHQ-9), insomnia (Athens Insomnia Scale), and post-traumatic stress (Brief Davidson Trauma Scale). Three hundred thirty COVID-19 survivors participated in the research; the participants were between 18 and 89 years; 61.52% were females. 32.12% of the participants reported high perceived discrimination; 49.70%, depression; 60.61%, insomnia; and 13.33% post-traumatic stress. After adjusting for age, gender, and income, depression, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress were associated significantly with discrimination perceived by COVID-19. Perceived discrimination is a social stressor that affects the psychological well-being of people recovered from COVID-19. In the follow-up of this group of patients, it is important to consider the impact of perceived discrimination on psychological well-being.
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Efstathiou V, Stefanou MI, Siafakas N, Makris M, Tsivgoulis G, Zoumpourlis V, Spandidos DA, Smyrnis N, Rizos E. Suicidality and COVID-19: Suicidal ideation, suicidal behaviors and completed suicides amidst the COVID-19 pandemic (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:107. [PMID: 34976149 PMCID: PMC8674972 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there has been widespread concern that social isolation, financial stress, depression, limited or variable access to health care services and other pandemic-related stressors may contribute to an increase in suicidal behaviors. In patients who have recovered from COVID-19, an increased risk of developing suicidal behaviors may be noted, while post-COVID syndrome comprises another potential risk factor contributing to increased suicidal behaviors. Despite the initial alarming predictions for an increase in suicide rates due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of published studies to date suggest that experienced difficulties and distress do not inevitably translate into an increased number of suicide-related deaths, at least not in the short-term. Nevertheless, the long-term mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have yet to be unfolded and are likely to remain for a long period of time. Suicide prevention and measures aiming at promoting well-being and mitigating the effects of COVID-19 on mental health, particularly among vulnerable groups, should thus be a priority for healthcare professionals and policymakers amidst the evolving COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Efstathiou
- Second Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Maria-Ioanna Stefanou
- Second Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Siafakas
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Michael Makris
- Allergy Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsivgoulis
- Second Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Vassilios Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Smyrnis
- Second Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Rizos
- Second Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Athens 12462, Greece
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66
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Ismael F, Bizario JC, Battagin T, Zaramella B, Leal FE, Torales J, Ventriglio A, Marziali ME, Martins SS, Castaldelli-Maia JM. Post-infection depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms: A prospective cohort study in patients with mild COVID-19. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 111:110341. [PMID: 33940097 PMCID: PMC8086265 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether COVID-19 is associated with psychiatric symptoms during or after the acute illness phase. Being affected by the disease exposes the individual to an uncertain prognosis and a state of quarantine. These factors can predispose individuals to the development of mental symptoms during or after the acute phase of the disease. There is a need for prospective studies assessing psychiatric symptoms in COVID-19 patients in the post-infection period. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 tests were collected at patients' homes under the supervision of trained healthcare personnel. Patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were classified as mild cases (N = 895) at treatment intake were further assessed for the presence of psychiatric symptoms (on average, 56.6 days after the intake). We investigated the association between the number of COVID-19 symptoms at intake and depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic symptoms approximately two months later, adjusting for previous mental health status, time between baseline and outcome, and other confounders. Multivariate logistic regression and generalized linear models were employed for categorical and continuous outcomes, respectively. RESULTS A clinically significant level of depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms were reported by 26.2% (N = 235), 22.4% (N = 201), and 17.3% (N = 155) of the sample. Reporting an increased number of COVID-related symptoms was associated with the presence of clinically significant levels of depressive (aOR = 1.059;95%CI = 1.002-1.119), anxiety (aOR = 1.072;95%CI = 1.012-1.134), and post-traumatic stress (aOR = 1.092;95%CI = 1.024-1.166) symptoms. Sensitivity analyses supported findings for both continuous and categorical measures. CONCLUSION Exposure to an increased number of COVID-19 symptoms may be associated with depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic symptoms after the acute phase of the disease. These patients should be monitored for the development of psychiatric symptoms after COVID-19 treatment discharge. Early interventions, such as brief interventions of psychoeducation on coping strategies, could benefit these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Ismael
- Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil,ABC Center for Mental Health Studies, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiane Battagin
- Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Zaramella
- Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio E. Leal
- Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil
| | - Julio Torales
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Megan E. Marziali
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S., USA
| | - Silvia S. Martins
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S., USA
| | - João M. Castaldelli-Maia
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S., USA,Corresponding author at: Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th street, Rm. 515, New York, NY 10032, USA
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67
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El Hayek S, Kassir G, Zalzale H, Gonzalez-Diaz JM, Bizri M. Emerging Psychiatric Themes in Post-COVID-19 Patients on a Psychiatry Consultation-liaison Service. Psychiatr Q 2021; 92:1785-1796. [PMID: 34463904 PMCID: PMC8405712 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-021-09944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The need for consultation-liaison psychiatry on COVID-19 wards has substantially increased since the start of the pandemic. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to summarize the characteristics of patients admitted to the post-COVID-19 ward of the American University of Beirut Medical Center who received a psychiatric consultation. We collected relevant sociodemographic and medical data, information about past psychiatric history, psychiatry consultation details, hospital course, and disposition outcome. We also conducted chi-square and binary logistic regression analyses to assess the association between the different variables and disposition outcome. A total of 52 patients (mean age 57.33 years; equal gender distribution) were seen by the psychiatry consult-liaison team. Most had medical comorbidities and 21.2% required intubation. The most prevalent psychiatric diagnoses were delirium (30.8%), major depressive episode (15.4%), and other anxiety disorder (15.4%). Pharmacological management was implemented in 90.4% of cases and mainly included second-generation antipsychotics (36.5%). Non-pharmacological interventions consisted of those related to delirium and therapy for anxiety. Only intubation was significantly associated with disposition outcome (p = 0.004). This study highlights the various psychiatric themes emerging during the acute and post-acute periods of hospitalization for COVID-19. Hospitalized individuals recovering from the infection should be diligently screened and referred to the psychiatry consultation-liaison team to ensure the implementation of appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer El Hayek
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ghida Kassir
- Department of Psychiatry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Zalzale
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jairo M Gonzalez-Diaz
- UR Center for Mental Health - CERSAME, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
- Clínica Nuestra Señora de La Paz, Bogota, Colombia
- Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Neurosciences Institute, Barcelona University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maya Bizri
- Department of Psychiatry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Hageman JR, Alcocer Alkureishi L. Suicide Risk Screening and Mental Health Issues; Ongoing Challenges During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Pediatr Ann 2021; 50:e478. [PMID: 34889132 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20211117-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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69
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Porto CM, da Silva NSB, Lira CMP, Magalhães RP, Magalhães JLO, de Paula Santana da Silva T, Sougey EB. Analysis of Suicidal Behavior and Chronicity of Depressive Symptoms in the Presence of Hypovitaminosis D. CURRENT PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2666082217666211122155401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
One of the risk factors for suicide includes the presence of depressive disorder and symptoms, which may be related to the reduction of 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels. In this scenario, evidence shows vitamin D deficiency as an important aspect, directly related to depressive disorder chronicity.
Objective:
To assess the association between Vitamin D serum levels and the intensity of depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior in a clinical sample of depressed patients.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study with 146 patients aged between 18 and 59, seen in two psychiatry ambulatories. Data collection involved measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and assessment of the intensity of depressive symptoms and suicide risk.
Results:
In the sample, 35% presented low Vitamin D serum levels and, in these individuals, the incidence of family history of Depressive Disorder (95.2%) and chronicity of severe depressive symptoms (47.8%) was higher. As to suicidal behavior, both groups presented high active suicide risk, with higher rates in the group with hypovitaminosis D. Only suicidal ideation was linked to lower Vitamin D levels (67.4% p= 0,005).
Conclusion:
In this study, hypovitaminosis D was associated with negative mental health outcomes, such as more severe chronicity of depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior, characterized by active suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Magalhães Porto
- Doctorate in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Everton Botelho Sougey
- Doctor in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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70
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Alias A, Bertrand L, Bisson-Gervais V, Henry M. Suicide in obstructive lung, cardiovascular and oncological disease. Prev Med 2021; 152:106543. [PMID: 34538370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare institutions face increasing demands stemming from the burden of noncommunicable diseases. The personal, social, financial and societal impact of these diseases are well-documented. However, the mental health concerns and trajectories of patients afflicted by chronic medical diseases have been under-recognized and are under-resourced. Despite that chronic diseases are associated with substantially increased risk of suicide, the medical world has largely failed to properly address suicide in the medically ill. Considering their high prevalence and mortality rate, this review article will highlight the mental health burden and suicide risk in obstructive lung, cardiovascular (including stroke) and oncological disease, in light of relevant data and conceptual models of suicide. Finally, general evidence-based suicide intervention strategies and potential selective adaptation of these strategies to the chronic medically ill patient populations and medical settings will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alias
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3605 de la Montagne, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Lia Bertrand
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, West 5(th) Campus, 100 West 5(th) Street, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada.
| | - Vanessa Bisson-Gervais
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3605 de la Montagne, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Melissa Henry
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 5100 de Maisonneuve Blvd. West, Suite 720, Montreal, QC H4A 3T2, Canada; Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; Lady-Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
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Adler DA, Erlich MD, Goldman B, Berlant J, Edwards ML, First MB, Oslin DW, Siris SG, Talley RM, Wagner ES. Psychiatry in the Time of COVID: Credibility, Uncertainty, and Self-Reflection. J Nerv Ment Dis 2021; 209:779-782. [PMID: 34468441 PMCID: PMC9207939 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Public trust in the credibility of medicine and physicians has been severely tested amid the COVID-19 pandemic and growing sociopolitical fissures in the United States. Physicians are being asked to be ambassadors to the public of scientific information. Psychiatrists have an opportunity to help the public understand and accept a "new normal" during a time of such uncertainty. Using a case example, we review the impact of uncertainty and fear on scientific and medical credibility. Although the pandemic provides an opportunity for systemic change, the consequences of any change remain unknown. To help patients navigate the uncertainty, we conclude by offering four guidelines to clinicians: the public has little interest in understanding the scientific method; we need to acknowledge that we do not have all the answers; credibility and trustworthiness are linked to our ability to be trusted, believable messengers; and we can retain scientific credibility while acknowledging uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Adler
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew D. Erlich
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute/Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | | | - Jeffrey Berlant
- Optum Idaho, Boise, Idaho
- Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation, Novato, California
| | | | - Michael B. First
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute/Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - David W. Oslin
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Samuel G. Siris
- Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, New York
| | - Rachel M. Talley
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth S. Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
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Zara G, Settanni M, Zuffranieri M, Veggi S, Castelli L. The long psychological shadow of COVID-19 upon healthcare workers: A global concern for action. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:220-226. [PMID: 34303300 PMCID: PMC8433601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The outbreak of COVID-19 has posed unprecedented psychological pressure upon every National Health Service in the world. In Piedmont, one of the most affected areas in Italy, 4550 healthcare workers were assessed online in May-June 2020, after the acute outbreak of March-April 2020, that compelled the Italian government to enforce, what was then, the first total lockdown in the Western world. METHODS Socio-demographic information of healthcare workers was gathered along with responses to: General Anxiety Disorder-7, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire. Information about the need for psychological support was also gathered. RESULTS The regression models predicted the presence of moderate to severe symptoms for all the conditions assessed. Almost half of healthcare workers presented at least one clinically relevant symptom, and among them one in every four expressed the need of receiving psychological support. CONCLUSIONS Evidence calls for an increase of psychological services within the National Health System in Italy so as to guarantee for healthcare workers the psychological support necessary to cope with the long shadow of COVID-19, whose long-term impact is likely to reveal itself more strongly the more the acute stage of it is passed. LIMITATIONS The assessment of the psychological symptoms was performed without knowing the life and professional situations of the sample, and their medical records. Healthcare workers from only one region in Italy were involved, and some professionals (e.g. self-employed healthcare workers) were not included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Zara
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy.
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Chaklader B, Srivastava K, Rathod H, Banerjee A. Psychological aspect of common people during lockdown. Ind Psychiatry J 2021; 30:S52-S55. [PMID: 34908665 PMCID: PMC8611588 DOI: 10.4103/0972-6748.328789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lockdown was implemented to restrict the transmission of COVID-19. This brought upon many unforeseen hurdles, including mental health problems. AIM The aim of the study is to assess the impact of lockdown on mental health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using Google Form, which the participants were requested to complete online. The questionnaire included sociodemographic information and general health questionnaire (GHQ)-12, which was used to screen for mental health. RESULTS A total of 343 participants took part in the study in which 113 participants (32.9%) were having GHQ score of less than or equal to 12. The study showed that people aged less than 41 years were able to concentrate more during lockdown (75.6%) as compared to people aged more than 41 years (65%). Younger participants who were less than 41 years reported sleep disorders associated with late-night entertainment and TV viewing (24.5%). Many experienced stress during lockdown, but it was more in people over 60 years (63.7%). CONCLUSIONS An appreciable proportion of the participants faced stress during lockdown. Elderly people were more affected. Sleeping disorders were associated with late-night entertainment and TV viewing in younger people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Chaklader
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kajal Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hetal Rathod
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amitav Banerjee
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Anaya JM, Rojas M, Salinas ML, Rodríguez Y, Roa G, Lozano M, Rodríguez-Jiménez M, Montoya N, Zapata E, Monsalve DM, Acosta-Ampudia Y, Ramírez-Santana C. Post-COVID syndrome. A case series and comprehensive review. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102947. [PMID: 34509649 PMCID: PMC8428988 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The existence of a variety of symptoms with a duration beyond the acute phase of COVID-19, is referred to as post-COVID syndrome (PCS). We aimed to report a series of patients with PCS attending a Post-COVID Unit and offer a comprehensive review on the topic. Adult patients with previously confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and PCS were systematically assessed through a semi-structured and validated survey. Total IgG, IgA and IgM serum antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were evaluated by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis were conducted, following PRISMA guidelines. Univariate and multivariate methods were used to analyze data. Out of a total of 100 consecutive patients, 53 were women, the median of age was 49 years (IQR: 37.8–55.3), the median of post-COVID time after the first symptoms was 219 days (IQR: 143–258), and 65 patients were hospitalized during acute COVID-19. Musculoskeletal, digestive (i.e., diarrhea) and neurological symptoms including depression (by Zung scale) were the most frequent observed in PCS patients. A previous hospitalization was not associated with PCS manifestation. Arthralgia and diarrhea persisted in more than 40% of PCS patients. The median of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 866.2 U/mL (IQR: 238.2–1681). Despite this variability, 98 patients were seropositive. Based on autonomic symptoms (by COMPASS 31) two clusters were obtained with different clinical characteristics. Levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were not different between clusters. A total of 40 articles (11,196 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. Fatigue/muscle weakness, dyspnea, pain and discomfort, anxiety/depression and impaired concentration were presented in more than 20% of patients reported. In conclusion, PCS is mainly characterized by musculoskeletal, pulmonary, digestive and neurological involvement including depression. PCS is independent of severity of acute illness and humoral response. Long-term antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and a high inter-individual variability were confirmed. Future studies should evaluate the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 may cause PCS and the best therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Manuel Anaya
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Clínica del Occidente, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Manuel Rojas
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Yhojan Rodríguez
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Clínica del Occidente, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Geraldine Roa
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marcela Lozano
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mónica Rodríguez-Jiménez
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Elizabeth Zapata
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana M Monsalve
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Yeny Acosta-Ampudia
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Ramírez-Santana
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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75
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Elgendy MO, Abdelrahim MEA. Public awareness about coronavirus vaccine, vaccine acceptance, and hesitancy. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6535-6543. [PMID: 34255346 PMCID: PMC8426667 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of the population's general knowledge of the coronavirus vaccine is very important to improve public acceptance and decrease vaccine hesitancy in confronting the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of the participants towards the coronavirus vaccine. Data were collected using an online survey, in the form of a structured questionnaire, conducted during April-May 2021 in Egypt, and subjects from all over Egypt participated. The questionnaire was divided into three parts to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding coronavirus. The first part was to assess participants' experience about coronavirus infection (eight items), the second was to assess the health beliefs about coronavirus and vaccine (16 items) and the third was to assess general knowledge, attitude, and practices of the participants towards vaccine (28 items). A total of 871 (465 females) participants participated, 81% of them were still committed to the precautionary measures for protection. Eighty-eight percent of them accepted to take the vaccine. Eighty-three percent of the participants answered that they will encourage family, friends, and colleagues to get the vaccine. Ninety-four percent knew that the coronavirus vaccine provides immunity against infection for a period of 6-12 months. 91.9% believed that the current infection with coronavirus is one of the main contraindications to vaccination. Eighty-nine percent believed that both pregnant women and chronic disease patients can get vaccinated and also that there is no specific age for a specific type of vaccination. Ninety-four percent of them knew that subjects taking immunosuppressive drugs should be prescribed Sinopharm, not AstraZeneca vaccine. The median score of this survey was 20/22 regarding knowledge about the coronavirus vaccine. Overall, the study participants had good knowledge about the coronavirus vaccine and accepted to take the vaccine, which indicates the highly commendable efforts to confront the coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa O Elgendy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Teaching Hospital of Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E A Abdelrahim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Mass-Ramirez SM, Lozada-Martínez ID, Agrawal A, Moscote-Salazar LR, Picón-Jaimes YA, Florez-Perdomo W, Mishra R. Letter: Incidence, Characteristics, and Outcomes of Large Vessel Stroke in COVID-19 Cohort: An International Multicenter Study. Neurosurgery 2021; 89:E239-E240. [PMID: 34245144 PMCID: PMC8344473 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyab243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan David Lozada-Martínez
- Medical and Surgical Research Center Faculty of Medicine University of Cartagena Cartagena, Colombia.,Colombian Clinical Research Group in Neurocritical Care Faculty of Medicine University of Cartagena Cartagena, Colombia.,Latinamerican Council of Neurocritical Care (CLaNi) Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Department of Neurosurgery All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, India
| | - Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar
- Medical and Surgical Research Center Faculty of Medicine University of Cartagena Cartagena, Colombia.,Colombian Clinical Research Group in Neurocritical Care Faculty of Medicine University of Cartagena Cartagena, Colombia.,Latinamerican Council of Neurocritical Care (CLaNi) Cartagena, Colombia
| | | | - William Florez-Perdomo
- Colombian Clinical Research Group in Neurocritical Care Faculty of Medicine University of Cartagena Cartagena, Colombia.,Latinamerican Council of Neurocritical Care (CLaNi) Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Rakesh Mishra
- Department of Neurosurgery Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India
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Znazen H, Slimani M, Bragazzi NL, Tod D. The Relationship between Cognitive Function, Lifestyle Behaviours and Perception of Stress during the COVID-19 Induced Confinement: Insights from Correlational and Mediation Analyses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063194. [PMID: 33808777 PMCID: PMC8003540 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Home confinement during the COVID-19 outbreak may affect lifestyle behaviours, such as daily physical activity, social relationships, eating behaviours, and sleep, among others, which in turn may compromise mental health and psychological states. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of COVID-19-induced home confinement on stress, attention, and lifestyle behaviours and the correlations between them. Methods: Participants included 144 students (aged 18-22 years, 62.5% female, 89.5% single). Stress, attention, and lifestyle behaviours were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), d2 test, and the Simple Lifestyle Indicator Questionnaire adapted and modified (SLIQ), respectively. Total PSS score, concentration performance (CP), errors (E), and lifestyle behaviours (e.g., diet, exercise/activity, alcohol, and smoking) before and during confinement were calculated. Results: The data showed a significant difference between before and during confinement in total PSS, CP, E, and all lifestyle behaviours (all, p < 0.05). Significant correlations existed between total PSS score, CP, E, and lifestyle behaviours (r= -87-98, all, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Home confinement has a negative effect on stress, attention, and lifestyle behaviours. This study suggests that the adoption of proper lifestyle behaviours, particularly diet, disciplined hygiene, and physical activity, boost health, psychological states, and cognitive function during COVID-19-induced confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hela Znazen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, College of Education, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maamer Slimani
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Public Health, Genoa University, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
| | - David Tod
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
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