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Quick RE, Buck LD, Parab S, Tolbert ZR, Matsuoka RL. Highly Efficient Synthetic CRISPR RNA/Cas9-Based Mutagenesis for Rapid Cardiovascular Phenotypic Screening in F0 Zebrafish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:735598. [PMID: 34746131 PMCID: PMC8570140 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.735598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish is a valuable vertebrate model to study cardiovascular formation and function due to the facile visualization and rapid development of the circulatory system in its externally growing embryos. Despite having distinct advantages, zebrafish have paralogs of many important genes, making reverse genetics approaches inefficient since generating animals bearing multiple gene mutations requires substantial efforts. Here, we present a simple and robust synthetic CRISPR RNA/Cas9-based mutagenesis approach for generating biallelic F0 zebrafish knockouts. Using a dual-guide synthetic CRISPR RNA/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (dgRNP) system, we compared the efficiency of biallelic gene disruptions following the injections of one, two, and three dgRNPs per gene into the cytoplasm or yolk. We show that simultaneous cytoplasmic injections of three distinct dgRNPs per gene into one-cell stage embryos resulted in the most efficient and consistent biallelic gene disruptions. Importantly, this triple dgRNP approach enables efficient inactivation of cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous gene function, likely due to the low mosaicism of biallelic disruptions. In support of this finding, we provide evidence that the F0 animals generated by this method fully phenocopied the endothelial and peri-vascular defects observed in corresponding stable mutant homozygotes. Moreover, this approach faithfully recapitulated the trunk vessel phenotypes resulting from the genetic interaction between two vegfr2 zebrafish paralogs. Mechanistically, investigation of genome editing and mRNA decay indicates that the combined mutagenic actions of three dgRNPs per gene lead to an increased probability of frameshift mutations, enabling efficient biallelic gene disruptions. Therefore, our approach offers a highly robust genetic platform to quickly assess novel and redundant gene function in F0 zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael E Quick
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Luke D Buck
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Sweta Parab
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zane R Tolbert
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ryota L Matsuoka
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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52
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Park H, Yun BH, Lim W, Song G. Dinitramine induces cardiotoxicity and morphological alterations on zebrafish embryo development. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 240:105982. [PMID: 34598048 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dinitramine (DN), an herbicide in the dinitroaniline family, is used in agricultural areas to prevent unwanted plant growth. Dinitroaniline herbicides inhibit cell division by preventing microtubulin synthesis. They are strongly absorbed by the soil and can contaminate groundwater; however, the mode of action of these herbicides in non-target organisms remains unclear. In this study, we examined the developmental toxicity of DN in zebrafish embryos exposed to 1.6, 3.2, and 6.4 mg/L DN, compared to embryos exposed to DMSO (control) for 96 h. Visual assessments using transgenic zebrafish (fli1:eGFP) indicated abnormal cardiac development with enlarged ventricles and atria, decreased heartbeats, and impaired cardiac function. Along with cardiac development, vessel formation and angiogenesis were suppressed through activation of the inflammatory response. In addition, exposure to 6.4 mg/L DN for 96 h induced cell death, with upregulation of genes related to apoptosis. Our results showed that DN induced morphological changes and triggered an inflammatory response and apoptotic cell death that can impair embryonic growth and survival, providing an important mechanism of DN in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hahyun Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Hyun Yun
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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53
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Bhattacharya B, Narain V, Bondesson M. E-cigarette vaping liquids and the flavoring chemical cinnamaldehyde perturb bone, cartilage and vascular development in zebrafish embryos. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 240:105995. [PMID: 34673467 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) become increasingly popular smoking devices, there is an increased risk for unintended exposure to e-cigarette liquids through improper disposal resulting in leaching into the environment, third hand vapor exposure through air, or embryonic exposure through maternal vaping. Thus, the safety of e-cigarettes for wildlife and developing embryos need to be thoroughly investigated. We examined perturbations in zebrafish embryonic development after exposures to two cinnamon flavored vaping liquids (with 12 mg/ml nicotine and without nicotine) for e-cigarettes from two different vendors, as well as the flavoring chemical cinnamaldehyde. We focused on the effects of the vaping liquids on hatching success and bone, cartilage and blood vessel development in 3-4 days old transgenic zebrafish larvae. We found that exposures to both of the vaping liquids perturbed the development of the cleithrum and craniofacial cartilage. Exposure to the liquids further caused non-overlapping and partially or completely missing intersegmental vessels. Hatching success was also reduced. Exposure to pure cinnamaldehyde replicated the effects of the vaping liquids with a 50% effect concentration (EC50) of 34-41 µM. Quantification of the amount of cinnamaldehyde in the vaping liquids by mass spectrometry revealed EC50s around 10-40 times lower than for pure cinnamaldehyde, suggesting that additional compounds or metabolites present in the vaping liquids mediate toxicity. Presence of nicotine in one of the vaping liquids decreased its EC50s about two fold compared to the liquid without nicotine. Exposure to the humectants propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin did not affect the vascular, cartilage or bone development in zebrafish embryos. In conclusion, our study shows that exposure to cinnamaldehyde containing vaping liquids causes severe tissue-specific defects in developing embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beas Bhattacharya
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Vedang Narain
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Maria Bondesson
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States.
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54
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Zheng Y, Zhao J, Li J, Guo Z, Sheng J, Ye X, Jin G, Wang C, Chai W, Yan J, Liu D, Liang X. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein causes blood coagulation and thrombosis by competitive binding to heparan sulfate. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1124-1129. [PMID: 34743814 PMCID: PMC8553634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Thrombotic complication has been an important symptom in critically ill patients with COVID-19. It has not been clear whether the virus spike (S) protein can directly induce blood coagulation in addition to inflammation. Heparan sulfate (HS)/heparin, a key factor in coagulation process, was found to bind SARS-CoV-2 S protein with high affinity. Herein, we found that the S protein can competitively inhibit the bindings of antithrombin and heparin cofactor II to heparin/HS, causing abnormal increase in thrombin activity. SARS-CoV-2 S protein at a similar concentration (~10 μg/mL) as the viral load in critically ill patients can cause directly blood coagulation and thrombosis in zebrafish model. Furthermore, exogenous heparin/HS can significantly reduce coagulation caused by S protein, pointing to a potential new direction to elucidate the etiology of the virus and provide fundamental support for anticoagulant therapy especially for the COVID-19 critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jinxiang Zhao
- Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, School of Life Science, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu, Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhimou Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jiajing Sheng
- Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, School of Life Science, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu, Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Xianlong Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Gaowa Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wengang Chai
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Jingyu Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, School of Life Science, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu, Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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55
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Wälchli T, Bisschop J, Miettinen A, Ulmann-Schuler A, Hintermüller C, Meyer EP, Krucker T, Wälchli R, Monnier PP, Carmeliet P, Vogel J, Stampanoni M. Hierarchical imaging and computational analysis of three-dimensional vascular network architecture in the entire postnatal and adult mouse brain. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:4564-4610. [PMID: 34480130 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00587-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels and the establishment of vascular networks are crucial during brain development, in the adult healthy brain, as well as in various diseases of the central nervous system. Here, we describe a step-by-step protocol for our recently developed method that enables hierarchical imaging and computational analysis of vascular networks in postnatal and adult mouse brains. The different stages of the procedure include resin-based vascular corrosion casting, scanning electron microscopy, synchrotron radiation and desktop microcomputed tomography imaging, and computational network analysis. Combining these methods enables detailed visualization and quantification of the 3D brain vasculature. Network features such as vascular volume fraction, branch point density, vessel diameter, length, tortuosity and directionality as well as extravascular distance can be obtained at any developmental stage from the early postnatal to the adult brain. This approach can be used to provide a detailed morphological atlas of the entire mouse brain vasculature at both the postnatal and the adult stage of development. Our protocol allows the characterization of brain vascular networks separately for capillaries and noncapillaries. The entire protocol, from mouse perfusion to vessel network analysis, takes ~10 d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wälchli
- Group of CNS Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, Neuroscience Center Zurich, and Division of Neurosurgery, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Division of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Group Brain Vasculature and Perivascular Niche, Division of Experimental and Translational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jeroen Bisschop
- Group of CNS Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, Neuroscience Center Zurich, and Division of Neurosurgery, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Group Brain Vasculature and Perivascular Niche, Division of Experimental and Translational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arttu Miettinen
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | | | - Eric P Meyer
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Krucker
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Regula Wälchli
- Department of Dermatology, Pediatric Skin Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philippe P Monnier
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, Vision Division, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes Vogel
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Stampanoni
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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56
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Fowler G, French DV, Rose A, Squires P, Aniceto da Silva C, Ohata S, Okamoto H, French CR. Protein fucosylation is required for Notch dependent vascular integrity in zebrafish. Dev Biol 2021; 480:62-68. [PMID: 34400136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The onset of circulation in a developing embryo requires intact blood vessels to prevent hemorrhage. The development of endothelial cells, and their subsequent recruitment of perivascular mural cells are important processes to establish and maintain vascular integrity. These processes are genetically controlled during development, and mutations that affect endothelial cell specification, pattern formation, or maturation through the addition of mural cells can result in early developmental hemorrhage. We created a strong loss of function allele of the zebrafish GDP-mannose 4,6 dehydratase (gmds) gene that is required for the de novo synthesis of GDP-fucose, and homozygous embryos display cerebral hemorrhages. Our data demonstrate that gmds mutants have early defects in vascular patterning with ectopic branches observed at time of hemorrhage. Subsequently, defects in the number of mural cells that line the vasculature are observed. Moreover, activation of Notch signaling rescued hemorrhage phenotypes in gmds mutants, highlighting a potential downstream pathway that requires protein fucosylation for vascular integrity. Finally, supplementation with fucose can rescue hemorrhage frequency in gmds mutants, demonstrating that synthesis of GDP-fucose via an alternative (salvage) pathway may provide an avenue toward therapeutic correction of phenotypes observed due to defects in de novo GDP-fucose synthesis. Together, these data are consistent with a novel role for the de novo and salvage protein fucosylation pathways in regulating vascular integrity through a Notch dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerissa Fowler
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Danielle V French
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - April Rose
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Paige Squires
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Catarina Aniceto da Silva
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Shinya Ohata
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Curtis R French
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
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57
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Hyland C, Mfarej M, Hiotis G, Lancaster S, Novak N, Iovine MK, Falk MM. Impaired Cx43 gap junction endocytosis causes morphological and functional defects in zebrafish. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar13. [PMID: 34379446 PMCID: PMC8684743 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-12-0797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gap junctions mediate direct cell-to-cell communication by forming channels that physically couple cells, thereby linking their cytoplasm, permitting the exchange of molecules, ions, and electrical impulses. Gap junctions are assembled from connexin (Cx) proteins, with connexin 43 (Cx43) being the most ubiquitously expressed and best studied. While the molecular events that dictate the Cx43 life cycle have largely been characterized, the unusually short half-life of connexins of only 1-5 hours, resulting in constant endocytosis and biosynthetic replacement of gap junction channels has remained puzzling. The Cx43 C-terminal (CT) domain serves as the regulatory hub of the protein affecting all aspects of gap junction function. Here, deletion within the Cx43 CT (amino acids 256-289), a region known to encode key residues regulating gap junction turnover is employed to examine the effects of dysregulated Cx43 gap junction endocytosis using cultured cells (Cx43∆256-289) and a zebrafish model (cx43lh10). We report that this CT deletion causes defective gap junction endocytosis as well as increased gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC). Increased Cx43 protein content in cx43lh10 zebrafish, specifically in the cardiac tissue, larger gap junction plaques and longer Cx43 protein half-lives coincide with severely impaired development. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that Cx43 gap junction endocytosis is an essential aspect of gap junction function and when impaired, gives rise to significant physiological problems as revealed here for cardiovascular development and function. [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Hyland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem PA, 18015
| | - Michael Mfarej
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem PA, 18015
| | - Giorgos Hiotis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem PA, 18015
| | - Sabrina Lancaster
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem PA, 18015
| | - Noelle Novak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem PA, 18015
| | - M Kathryn Iovine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem PA, 18015
| | - Matthias M Falk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem PA, 18015
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58
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Abstract
Phospholipase C γ1 (PLCγ1) is a member of the PLC family that functions as signal transducer by hydrolyzing membrane lipid to generate second messengers. The unique protein structure of PLCγ1 confers a critical role as a direct effector of VEGFR2 and signaling mediated by other receptor tyrosine kinases. The distinct vascular phenotypes in PLCγ1-deficient animal models and the gain-of-function mutations of PLCγ1 found in human endothelial cancers point to a major physiological role of PLCγ1 in the endothelial system. In this review, we discuss aspects of physiological and molecular function centering around PLCγ1 in the context of endothelial cells and provide a perspective for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Chen
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Michael Simons
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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59
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Giacobbe A, Abate-Shen C. Modeling metastasis in mice: a closer look. Trends Cancer 2021; 7:916-929. [PMID: 34303648 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Unraveling the multifaceted cellular and physiological processes associated with metastasis is best achieved by using in vivo models that recapitulate the requisite tumor cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms at the organismal level. We discuss the current status of mouse models of metastasis. We consider how mouse models can refine our understanding of the underlying biological and molecular processes that promote metastasis, and we envisage how the application of new technologies will further enhance investigations of metastasis at single-cell resolution in the context of the whole organism. Our view is that investigations based on state-of-the-art mouse models can propel a holistic understanding of the biology of metastasis, which will ultimately lead to the discovery of new therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Giacobbe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cory Abate-Shen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY10032, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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60
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Al-Thani HF, Shurbaji S, Yalcin HC. Zebrafish as a Model for Anticancer Nanomedicine Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:625. [PMID: 34203407 PMCID: PMC8308643 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine is a new approach to fight against cancer by the development of anticancer nanoparticles (NPs) that are of high sensitivity, specificity, and targeting ability to detect cancer cells, such as the ability of Silica NPs in targeting epithelial cancer cells. However, these anticancer NPs require preclinical testing, and zebrafish is a useful animal model for preclinical studies of anticancer NPs. This model affords a large sample size, optical imaging, and easy genetic manipulation that aid in nanomedicine studies. This review summarizes the numerous advantages of the zebrafish animal model for such investigation, various techniques for inducing cancer in zebrafish, and discusses the methods to assess cancer development in the model and to test for the toxicity of the anticancer drugs and NPs. In addition, it summarizes the recent studies that used zebrafish as a model to test the efficacy of several different anticancer NPs in treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hissa F Al-Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Samar Shurbaji
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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61
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Advancing Diabetic Retinopathy Research: Analysis of the Neurovascular Unit in Zebrafish. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061313. [PMID: 34070439 PMCID: PMC8228394 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most important microvascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus, and a leading cause of vision loss or blindness worldwide. Hyperglycaemic conditions disrupt microvascular integrity at the level of the neurovascular unit. In recent years, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have come into focus as a model organism for various metabolic diseases such as diabetes. In both mammals and vertebrates, the anatomy and the function of the retina and the neurovascular unit have been highly conserved. In this review, we focus on the advances that have been made through studying pathologies associated with retinopathy in zebrafish models of diabetes. We discuss the different cell types that form the neurovascular unit, their role in diabetic retinopathy and how to study them in zebrafish. We then present new insights gained through zebrafish studies. The advantages of using zebrafish for diabetic retinopathy are summarised, including the fact that the zebrafish has, so far, provided the only animal model in which hyperglycaemia-induced retinal angiogenesis can be observed. Based on currently available data, we propose potential investigations that could advance the field further.
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62
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Lopez‐Ramirez MA, McCurdy S, Li W, Haynes MK, Hale P, Francisco K, Oukoloff K, Bautista M, Choi CH, Sun H, Gongol B, Shyy JY, Ballatore C, Sklar LA, Gingras AR. Inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction increases KLF4 and KLF2 expression in endothelial cells. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:334-355. [PMID: 33977234 PMCID: PMC8103725 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2020-00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane protein heart of glass1 (HEG1) directly binds to and recruits Krev interaction trapped protein 1 (KRIT1) to endothelial junctions to form the HEG1-KRIT1 protein complex that establishes and maintains junctional integrity. Genetic inactivation or knockdown of endothelial HEG1 or KRIT1 leads to the upregulation of transcription factors Krüppel-like factors 4 and 2 (KLF4 and KLF2), which are implicated in endothelial vascular homeostasis; however, the effect of acute inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction remains incompletely understood. Here, we report a high-throughput screening assay and molecular design of a small-molecule HEG1-KRIT1 inhibitor to uncover acute changes in signaling pathways downstream of the HEG1-KRIT1 protein complex disruption. The small-molecule HEG1-KRIT1 inhibitor 2 (HKi2) was demonstrated to be a bona fide inhibitor of the interaction between HEG1 and KRIT1 proteins, by competing orthosterically with HEG1 through covalent reversible interactions with the FERM (4.1, ezrin, radixin, and moesin) domain of KRIT1. The crystal structure of HKi2 bound to KRIT1 FERM revealed that it occupies the same binding pocket on KRIT1 as the HEG1 cytoplasmic tail. In human endothelial cells (ECs), acute inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction by HKi2 increased KLF4 and KLF2 mRNA and protein levels, whereas a structurally similar inactive compound failed to do so. In zebrafish, HKi2 induced expression of klf2a in arterial and venous endothelium. Furthermore, genome-wide RNA transcriptome analysis of HKi2-treated ECs under static conditions revealed that, in addition to elevating KLF4 and KLF2 expression, inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction mimics many of the transcriptional effects of laminar blood flow. Furthermore, HKi2-treated ECs also triggered Akt signaling in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent manner, as blocking PI3K activity blunted the Akt phosphorylation induced by HKi2. Finally, using an in vitro colocalization assay, we show that HKi6, an improved derivative of HKi2 with higher affinity for KRIT1, significantly impedes recruitment of KRIT1 to mitochondria-localized HEG1 in CHO cells, indicating a direct inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 interaction. Thus, our results demonstrate that early events of the acute inhibition of HEG1-KRIT1 interaction with HKi small-molecule inhibitors lead to: (i) elevated KLF4 and KLF2 gene expression; and (ii) increased Akt phosphorylation. Thus, HKi's provide new pharmacologic tools to study acute inhibition of the HEG1-KRIT1 protein complex and may provide insights to dissect early signaling events that regulate vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Alejandro Lopez‐Ramirez
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Sara McCurdy
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Wenqing Li
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Mark K. Haynes
- Department of PathologyCenter for Molecular DiscoveryUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNMUSA
| | - Preston Hale
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Karol Francisco
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Killian Oukoloff
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Matthew Bautista
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Chelsea H.J. Choi
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Brendan Gongol
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - John Y. Shyy
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Carlo Ballatore
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Larry A. Sklar
- Department of PathologyCenter for Molecular DiscoveryUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNMUSA
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63
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Greenspan LJ, Weinstein BM. To be or not to be: endothelial cell plasticity in development, repair, and disease. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:251-269. [PMID: 33449300 PMCID: PMC8205957 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells display an extraordinary plasticity both during development and throughout adult life. During early development, endothelial cells assume arterial, venous, or lymphatic identity, while selected endothelial cells undergo additional fate changes to become hematopoietic progenitor, cardiac valve, and other cell types. Adult endothelial cells are some of the longest-lived cells in the body and their participation as stable components of the vascular wall is critical for the proper function of both the circulatory and lymphatic systems, yet these cells also display a remarkable capacity to undergo changes in their differentiated identity during injury, disease, and even normal physiological changes in the vasculature. Here, we discuss how endothelial cells become specified during development as arterial, venous, or lymphatic endothelial cells or convert into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells or cardiac valve cells. We compare findings from in vitro and in vivo studies with a focus on the zebrafish as a valuable model for exploring the signaling pathways and environmental cues that drive these transitions. We also discuss how endothelial plasticity can aid in revascularization and repair of tissue after damage- but may have detrimental consequences under disease conditions. By better understanding endothelial plasticity and the mechanisms underlying endothelial fate transitions, we can begin to explore new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah J Greenspan
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Brant M Weinstein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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64
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Chico TJA, Kugler EC. Cerebrovascular development: mechanisms and experimental approaches. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4377-4398. [PMID: 33688979 PMCID: PMC8164590 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cerebral vasculature plays a central role in human health and disease and possesses several unique anatomic, functional and molecular characteristics. Despite their importance, the mechanisms that determine cerebrovascular development are less well studied than other vascular territories. This is in part due to limitations of existing models and techniques for visualisation and manipulation of the cerebral vasculature. In this review we summarise the experimental approaches used to study the cerebral vessels and the mechanisms that contribute to their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J A Chico
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
- The Bateson Centre, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, The Pam Liversidge Building, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Elisabeth C Kugler
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
- The Bateson Centre, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, The Pam Liversidge Building, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
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65
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Ecklonia cava Extract and Its Derivative Dieckol Promote Vasodilation by Modulating Calcium Signaling and PI3K/AKT/eNOS Pathway in In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040438. [PMID: 33921856 PMCID: PMC8073412 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), an endothelial-derived relaxing factor synthesized by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells, enhances vasodilation by modulating vascular tone. The calcium concentration critically influences eNOS activation in endothelial cells. Thus, modulation of calcium-dependent signaling pathways may be a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance vasodilation. Marine algae reportedly possess protective effects against cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension and vascular dysfunction; however, the underlying molecular signaling pathways remain elusive. In the present study, we extracted and isolated dieckol from Ecklonia cava and investigated calcium transit-enhanced vasodilation. Calcium modulation via the well-known M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (AchM3R), which is linked to NO formation, was investigated and the vasodilatory effect of dieckol was verified. Our results indicated that dieckol effectively promoted NO generation via the PI3K/Akt/eNOS axis and calcium transients influenced by AchM3R. We also treated Tg(flk: EGFP) transgenic zebrafish with dieckol to assess its vasodilatory effect. Dieckol promoted vasodilation by enlarging the dorsal aorta diameter, thus regulating blood flow velocity. In conclusion, our findings suggest that dieckol modulates calcium transit through AchM3R, increases endothelial-dependent NO production, and efficiently enhances vasodilation. Thus, E. cava and its derivative, dieckol, can be considered as potential natural vasodilators.
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66
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Qin X, Chen C, Wang L, Chen X, Liang Y, Jin X, Pan W, Liu Z, Li H, Yang G. In-vivo 3D imaging of Zebrafish's intersegmental vessel development by a bi-directional light-sheet illumination microscope. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 557:8-13. [PMID: 33857842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Precise quantification of vascular developments in Zebrafish requires continuous in-vivo 3D imaging. Here we employed a bi-directional light-sheet illumination microscope to characterize the development process of Zebrafish's intersegmental vessels. A Virtual Reality-based method was used to measure the lengths of intersegmental vessels (ISVs). The quantified growth rates of typical ISVs can be plotted, and unusual growth of some specific vessels was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Qin
- Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Weijun Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhiying Liu
- Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Hui Li
- Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, China.
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67
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Nakajima H, Chiba A, Fukumoto M, Morooka N, Mochizuki N. Zebrafish Vascular Development: General and Tissue-Specific Regulation. J Lipid Atheroscler 2021; 10:145-159. [PMID: 34095009 PMCID: PMC8159758 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2021.10.2.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulation is required for the delivery of oxygen and nutrition to tissues and organs, as well as waste collection. Therefore, the heart and vessels develop first during embryogenesis. The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood cells, which originate from the mesoderm. The gene expression pattern required for blood vessel development is predetermined by the hierarchical and sequential regulation of genes for the differentiation of mesodermal cells. Herein, we review how blood vessels form distinctly in different tissues or organs of zebrafish and how vessel formation is universally or tissue-specifically regulated by signal transduction pathways and blood flow. In addition, the unsolved issues of mutual contacts and interplay of circulatory organs during embryogenesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Ayano Chiba
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Moe Fukumoto
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Nanami Morooka
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
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68
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Estronca L, Francisco V, Pitrez P, Honório I, Carvalho L, Vazão H, Blersch J, Rai A, Nissan X, Simon U, Grãos M, Saúde L, Ferreira L. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived vascular networks to screen nano-bio interactions. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:245-259. [PMID: 33576750 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00550a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The vascular bioactivity/safety of nanomaterials is typically evaluated by animal testing, which is of low throughput and does not account for biological differences between animals and humans such as ageing, metabolism and disease profiles. The development of personalized human in vitro platforms to evaluate the interaction of nanomaterials with the vascular system would be important for both therapeutic and regenerative medicine. A library of 30 nanoparticle (NP) formulations, in use in imaging, antimicrobial and pharmaceutical applications, was evaluated in a reporter zebrafish model of vasculogenesis and then tested in personalized humanized models composed of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived endothelial cells (ECs) with "young" and "aged" phenotypes in 3 vascular network formats: 2D (in polystyrene dish), 3D (in Matrigel) and in a blood vessel on a chip. As a proof of concept, vascular toxicity was used as the main readout. The results show that the toxicity profile of NPs to hiPSC-ECs was dependent on the "age" of the endothelial cells and vascular network format. hiPSC-ECs were less susceptible to the cytotoxicity effect of NPs when cultured in flow than in static conditions, the protective effect being mediated, at least in part, by glycocalyx. Overall, the results presented here highlight the relevance of in vitro hiPSC-derived vascular systems to screen vascular nanomaterial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Estronca
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
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69
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Saquib Q, Siddiqui M, Al-Khedhairy A. Organophosphorus flame-retardant tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate is genotoxic and apoptotic inducer in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 41:861-873. [PMID: 33641188 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TCPP) is a chlorinated organophosphorus flame retardant (OPFR) widely used in consumer goods after the phaseout of brominated flame retardants (BFRs). TCPP can percolate into the indoor and outdoor dusts, leading to its detection in the human body fluids (urine, breast milk) and placenta. However, TCPP has not been studied so far for its toxicity in the human vascular system. Hence, we have used human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and exposed them to TCPP ranging from low to high (5-400 μM) concentrations for 24 h. Cytotoxicity analysis by MTT and NRU assays exhibited 15.27% and 20.56%, 21.67%, and 48.67% survival decline of cells only at 200 and 400 μM. Comet assay data showed DNA damage from 50 to 400 μM with Olive tail moment (OTM) values between 1.03 and 35.59, respectively. TCPP-exposed HUVECs exhibited 1.09 and 1.39-fold greater intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) at 25 and 400 μM, indicating oxidative stress. HUVEC mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) measurements showed 1.16 and 1.48-fold higher fluorescence of Rh123 dye at 25 and 400 μM, confirming mitochondrial dysfunction. Flow cytometric data demonstrated 5.1%-58.8% cells in SubG1 apoptotic phase at 5 and 400 μM TCPP. Our novel data revealed that TCPP is a genotoxic and apoptotic inducer, which may trigger alike responses in human vascular system. Overall, detailed in vivo studies are warranted on the transcriptional and translations effects of TCPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quaiser Saquib
- Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Chair for DNA Research, Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maqsood Siddiqui
- Chair for DNA Research, Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Al-Khedhairy
- Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Chair for DNA Research, Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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70
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Wang K, Xu Q, Zhong H. The Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Ibrutinib Impairs the Vascular Development of Zebrafish Larvae. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:625498. [PMID: 33519491 PMCID: PMC7838594 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.625498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ibrutinib is an orally bioavailable, irreversible selective Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has demonstrated impressive therapeutic effects in patients with B cell malignancies. However, adverse effects, such as bleeding and hypertension, are also reported, implying that studies on the toxicological effect of ibrutinib on living organisms are needed. Here, we have used zebrafish, a successful model organism for studying toxicology, to investigate the influence of ibrutinib during embryogenesis. We found that ibrutinib had potent toxicity on embryonic development, especially vascular development in zebrafish embryos. We also revealed that ibrutinib perturbed vascular formation by suppressing angiogenesis, rather than vasculogenesis. In addition, ibrutinib exposure led to the collapse of the vascular lumen, as well as reduced proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. Moreover, the expression of vascular development-related genes was also altered in ibrutinib-treated embryos. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the vascular toxicity of ibrutinib in an animal model, providing a theoretical basis for clinical safety guidelines in ibrutinib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiushi Xu
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanbing Zhong
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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71
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Tshering G, Plengsuriyakarn T, Na-Bangchang K, Pimtong W. Embryotoxicity evaluation of atractylodin and β-eudesmol using the zebrafish model. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 239:108869. [PMID: 32805444 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atractylodin and β-eudesmol are the major active ingredients of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb) DC. (AL). Both compounds exhibit various pharmacological activities, including anticancer activity against cholangiocarcinoma. Despite the widespread use of this plant in traditional medicine in China, Japan, Korea, and Thailand, studies of their toxicological profiles are limited. The present study aimed to evaluate the embryotoxicity of atractylodin and β-eudesmol using the zebrafish model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to a series of concentrations (6.3, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μM) of each compound up to 72 h post-fertilization (hpf). The results showed that atractylodin and β-eudesmol induced mortality of zebrafish embryos with the 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of 36.8 and 53.0 μM, respectively. Both compounds also caused embryonic deformities, including pericardial edema, malformed head, yolk sac edema, and truncated body. Only β-eudesmol decreased the hatching rates, while atractylodin reduced the heart rates of the zebrafish embryos. Additionally, both compounds increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and altered the transcriptional expression levels of superoxide dismutase 1 (sod1), catalase (cat), and glutathione S-transferase pi 2 (gstp2) genes. In conclusion, atractylodin and β-eudesmol induce mortality, developmental toxicity, and oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos. These findings may imply similar toxicity of both compounds in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyem Tshering
- Graduate Studies, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Tullayakorn Plengsuriyakarn
- Graduate Studies, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; Drug Discovery and Development Center, Thammasat University, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Graduate Studies, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; Drug Discovery and Development Center, Thammasat University, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Wittaya Pimtong
- Nano Environmental and Health Safety Research Team, National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
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72
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Stassen OMJA, Ristori T, Sahlgren CM. Notch in mechanotransduction - from molecular mechanosensitivity to tissue mechanostasis. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/24/jcs250738. [PMID: 33443070 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.250738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue development and homeostasis are controlled by mechanical cues. Perturbation of the mechanical equilibrium triggers restoration of mechanostasis through changes in cell behavior, while defects in these restorative mechanisms lead to mechanopathologies, for example, osteoporosis, myopathies, fibrosis or cardiovascular disease. Therefore, sensing mechanical cues and integrating them with the biomolecular cell fate machinery is essential for the maintenance of health. The Notch signaling pathway regulates cell and tissue fate in nearly all tissues. Notch activation is directly and indirectly mechanosensitive, and regulation of Notch signaling, and consequently cell fate, is integral to the cellular response to mechanical cues. Fully understanding the dynamic relationship between molecular signaling, tissue mechanics and tissue remodeling is challenging. To address this challenge, engineered microtissues and computational models play an increasingly large role. In this Review, we propose that Notch takes on the role of a 'mechanostat', maintaining the mechanical equilibrium of tissues. We discuss the reciprocal role of Notch in the regulation of tissue mechanics, with an emphasis on cardiovascular tissues, and the potential of computational and engineering approaches to unravel the complex dynamic relationship between mechanics and signaling in the maintenance of cell and tissue mechanostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar M J A Stassen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland .,Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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73
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Antiangiogenic molecules from marine actinomycetes and the importance of using zebrafish model in cancer research. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05662. [PMID: 33319107 PMCID: PMC7725737 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessel sprouting from pre-existing vessels or angiogenesis plays a significant role in tumour progression. Development of novel biomolecules from marine natural sources has a promising role in drug discovery specifically in the area of antiangiogenic chemotherapeutics. Symbiotic actinomycetes from marine origin proved to be potent and valuable sources of antiangiogenic compounds. Zebrafish represent a well-established model for small molecular screening and employed to study tumour angiogenesis over the last decade. Use of zebrafish has increased in the laboratory due to its various advantages like rapid embryo development, optically transparent embryos, large clutch size of embryos and most importantly high genetic conservation comparable to humans. Zebrafish also shares similar physiopathology of tumour angiogenesis with humans and with these advantages, zebrafish has become a popular model in the past decade to study on angiogenesis related disorders like diabetic retinopathy and cancer. This review focuses on the importance of antiangiogenic compounds from marine actinomycetes and utility of zebrafish in cancer angiogenesis research.
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74
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Machikhin AS, Volkov MV, Burlakov AB, Khokhlov DD, Potemkin AV. Blood Vessel Imaging at Pre-Larval Stages of Zebrafish Embryonic Development. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110886. [PMID: 33143148 PMCID: PMC7692510 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an increasingly popular animal model biological system. In cardiovascular research, it has been used to model specific cardiac phenomena as well as to identify novel therapies for human cardiovascular disease. While the zebrafish cardiovascular system functioning is well examined at larval stages, the mechanisms by which vessel activity is initiated remain a subject of intense investigation. In this research, we report on an in vivo stain-free blood vessel imaging technique at pre-larval stages of zebrafish embryonic development. We have developed the algorithm for the enhancement, alignment and spatiotemporal analysis of bright-field microscopy images of zebrafish embryos. It enables the detection, mapping and quantitative characterization of cardiac activity across the whole specimen. To validate the proposed approach, we have analyzed multiple data cubes, calculated vessel images and evaluated blood flow velocity and heart rate dynamics in the absence of any anesthesia. This non-invasive technique may shed light on the mechanism of vessel activity initiation and stabilization as well as the cardiovascular system’s susceptibility to environmental stressors at early developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Machikhin
- Laboratory of Acousto-optical Spectroscopy, Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117342 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Mikhail V. Volkov
- Department of Applied Optics, University ITMO, 190000 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Alexander B. Burlakov
- Department of Ichthyology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Demid D. Khokhlov
- Laboratory of Acousto-optical Spectroscopy, Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117342 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrey V. Potemkin
- Department of Applied Optics, University ITMO, 190000 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.V.P.)
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75
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Pang M, Bai L, Zong W, Wang X, Bu Y, Xiong C, Zheng J, Li J, Gao W, Feng Z, Chen L, Zhang J, Cheng H, Zhu X, Xiong JW. Light-sheet fluorescence imaging charts the gastrula origin of vascular endothelial cells in early zebrafish embryos. Cell Discov 2020; 6:74. [PMID: 33133634 PMCID: PMC7588447 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-020-00204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains challenging to construct a complete cell lineage map of the origin of vascular endothelial cells in any vertebrate embryo. Here, we report the application of in toto light-sheet fluorescence imaging of embryos to trace the origin of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) at single-cell resolution in zebrafish. We first adapted a previously reported method to embryo mounting and light-sheet imaging, created an alignment, fusion, and extraction all-in-one software (AFEIO) for processing big data, and performed quantitative analysis of cell lineage relationships using commercially available Imaris software. Our data revealed that vascular ECs originated from broad regions of the gastrula along the dorsal–ventral and anterior–posterior axes, of which the dorsal–anterior cells contributed to cerebral ECs, the dorsal–lateral cells to anterior trunk ECs, and the ventral–lateral cells to posterior trunk and tail ECs. Therefore, this work, to our knowledge, charts the first comprehensive map of the gastrula origin of vascular ECs in zebrafish, and has potential applications for studying the origin of any embryonic organs in zebrafish and other model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Pang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Linlu Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weijian Zong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ye Bu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Connie Xiong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiyuan Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jieyi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weizheng Gao
- School of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiheng Feng
- School of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- School of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Heping Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing-Wei Xiong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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76
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Rajan AM, Ma RC, Kocha KM, Zhang DJ, Huang P. Dual function of perivascular fibroblasts in vascular stabilization in zebrafish. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008800. [PMID: 33104690 PMCID: PMC7644104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are vital to sustain life in all vertebrates. While it is known that mural cells (pericytes and smooth muscle cells) regulate vascular integrity, the contribution of other cell types to vascular stabilization has been largely unexplored. Using zebrafish, we identified sclerotome-derived perivascular fibroblasts as a novel population of blood vessel associated cells. In contrast to pericytes, perivascular fibroblasts emerge early during development, express the extracellular matrix (ECM) genes col1a2 and col5a1, and display distinct morphology and distribution. Time-lapse imaging reveals that perivascular fibroblasts serve as pericyte precursors. Genetic ablation of perivascular fibroblasts markedly reduces collagen deposition around endothelial cells, resulting in dysmorphic blood vessels with variable diameters. Strikingly, col5a1 mutants show spontaneous hemorrhage, and the penetrance of the phenotype is strongly enhanced by the additional loss of col1a2. Together, our work reveals dual roles of perivascular fibroblasts in vascular stabilization where they establish the ECM around nascent vessels and function as pericyte progenitors. Blood vessels are essential to sustain life in humans. Defects in blood vessels can lead to serious diseases, such as hemorrhage, tissue ischemia, and stroke. However, how blood vessel stability is maintained by surrounding support cells is still poorly understood. Using the zebrafish model, we identify a new population of blood vessel associated cells termed perivascular fibroblasts, which originate from the sclerotome, an embryonic structure that is previously known to generate the skeleton of the animal. Perivascular fibroblasts are distinct from pericytes, a known population of blood vessel support cells. They become associated with blood vessels much earlier than pericytes and express several collagen genes, encoding main components of the extracellular matrix. Loss of perivascular fibroblasts or mutations in collagen genes result in fragile blood vessels prone to damage. Using cell tracing in live animals, we find that a subset of perivascular fibroblasts can differentiate into pericytes. Together, our work shows that perivascular fibroblasts play two important roles in maintaining blood vessel integrity. Perivascular fibroblasts secrete collagens to stabilize newly formed blood vessels and a sub-population of these cells also functions as precursors to generate pericytes to provide additional vascular support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsheen M. Rajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roger C. Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Katrinka M. Kocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dan J. Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail:
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77
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Martini D, Pucci C, Gabellini C, Pellegrino M, Andreazzoli M. Exposure to the natural alkaloid Berberine affects cardiovascular system morphogenesis and functionality during zebrafish development. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17358. [PMID: 33060638 PMCID: PMC7566475 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-derived natural alkaloid berberine displays therapeutic potential to treat several pathological conditions, including dyslipidemias, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. However, data on berberine effects during embryonic development are scarce and in part controversial. In this study, using zebrafish embryos as vertebrate experimental model, we address the effects of berberine treatment on cardiovascular system development and functionality. Starting from the observation that berberine induces developmental toxicity and pericardial edema in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, we found that treated embryos display cardiac looping defects and, at later stages, present an abnormal heart characterized by a stretched morphology and atrial endocardial/myocardial detachment. Furthermore, berberine affected cardiac functionality of the embryos, promoting bradycardia and reducing the cardiac output, the atrial shortening fraction percentage and the atrial stroke volume. We also found that, during development, berberine interferes with the angiogenic process, without altering vascular permeability. These alterations are associated with increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor aa (vegfaa) mRNA, suggesting an important role for Vegfaa as mediator of berberine-induced cardiovascular defects. Altogether, these data indicate that berberine treatment during vertebrate development leads to an impairment of cardiovascular system morphogenesis and functionality, suggesting a note of caution in its use during pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Martini
- Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, SS12 Abetone e Brennero, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Pucci
- Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, SS12 Abetone e Brennero, 56127, Pisa, Italy.,Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Genomic Medicine, Catholic University, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Gabellini
- Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, SS12 Abetone e Brennero, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Pellegrino
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Andreazzoli
- Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, SS12 Abetone e Brennero, 56127, Pisa, Italy. .,Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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78
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Essential Role of the ELABELA-APJ Signaling Pathway in Cardiovascular System Development and Diseases. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 75:284-291. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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79
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Wang L, Chen G, Xiao G, Han L, Wang Q, Hu T. Cylindrospermopsin induces abnormal vascular development through impairing cytoskeleton and promoting vascular endothelial cell apoptosis by the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109236. [PMID: 32062183 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a widely distributed cyanobacterial toxin in water bodies and is considered to pose growing threats to human and environmental health. Although its potential toxicity has been reported, its effects on the vascular system are poorly understood. In this study, we examined the toxic effects of CYN on vascular development and the possible mechanism of vascular toxicity induced by CYN using zebrafish embryos and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). CYN exposure induced abnormal vascular development and led to an increase in the growth of common cardinal vein (CCV), in which CCV remodeling was delayed as reflected by the larger CCV area and wider ventral diameter. CYN decreased HUVECs viability, inhibited HUVECs migration, promoted HUVECs apoptosis, destroyed cytoskeleton, and increased intracellular ROS levels. Additionally, CYN could promote the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and MLC-1 and inhibit the expression of ITGB1, Rho, ROCK, and VIM-1. Taken together, CYN may induce cytoskeleton damage and promote vascular endothelial cell apoptosis by the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway, leading to abnormal vascular development. The current results provide potential insight into the mechanism of CYN toxicity in angiocardiopathy and are beneficial for understanding the environmental risks of CYN for aquatic organisms and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Guosheng Xiao
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Characteristic Biological Resources in Northeast of Chongqing, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404120, China
| | - Lin Han
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Characteristic Biological Resources in Northeast of Chongqing, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404120, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Characteristic Biological Resources in Northeast of Chongqing, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404120, China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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80
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Naito H, Iba T, Takakura N. Mechanisms of new blood-vessel formation and proliferative heterogeneity of endothelial cells. Int Immunol 2020; 32:295-305. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The vast blood-vessel network of the circulatory system is crucial for maintaining bodily homeostasis, delivering essential molecules and blood cells, and removing waste products. Blood-vessel dysfunction and dysregulation of new blood-vessel formation are related to the onset and progression of many diseases including cancer, ischemic disease, inflammation and immune disorders. Endothelial cells (ECs) are fundamental components of blood vessels and their proliferation is essential for new vessel formation, making them good therapeutic targets for regulating the latter. New blood-vessel formation occurs by vasculogenesis and angiogenesis during development. Induction of ECs termed tip, stalk and phalanx cells by interactions between vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and its receptors (VEGFR1–3) and between Notch and Delta-like Notch ligands (DLLs) is crucial for regulation of angiogenesis. Although the importance of angiogenesis is unequivocal in the adult, vasculogenesis effected by endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may also contribute to post-natal vessel formation. However, the definition of these cells is ambiguous and they include several distinct cell types under the simple classification of ‘EPC’. Furthermore, recent evidence indicates that ECs within the intima show clonal expansion in some situations and that they may harbor vascular-resident endothelial stem cells. In this article, we summarize recent knowledge on vascular development and new blood-vessel formation in the adult. We also introduce concepts of EC heterogeneity and EC clonal expansion, referring to our own recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisamichi Naito
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iba
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takakura
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, World Premier Institute Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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81
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Paavola J, Alakoski T, Ulvila J, Kilpiö T, Sirén J, Perttunen S, Narumanchi S, Wang H, Lin R, Porvari K, Junttila J, Huikuri H, Immonen K, Lakkisto P, Magga J, Tikkanen I, Kerkelä R. Vezf1 regulates cardiac structure and contractile function. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102608. [PMID: 31911272 PMCID: PMC6948172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (Vezf1) is a transcription factor previously shown to regulate vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. We aimed to investigate the role of Vezf1 in the postnatal heart. Methods The role of Vezf1 in regulating cardiac growth and contractile function was studied in zebrafish and in primary cardiomyocytes. Findings We find that expression of Vezf1 is decreased in diseased human myocardium and mouse hearts. Our experimental data shows that knockdown of zebrafish Vezf1 reduces cardiac growth and results in impaired ventricular contractile response to β-adrenergic stimuli. However, Vezf1 knockdown is not associated with dysregulation of cardiomyocyte Ca2+ transient kinetics. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicates that Vezf1 regulates cardiac muscle contraction and dilated cardiomyopathy related genes and we identify cardiomyocyte Myh7/β-MHC as key target for Vezf1. We further identify a key role for an MCAT binding site in the Myh7 promoter regulating the response to Vezf1 knockdown and show that TEAD-1 is a binding partner of Vezf1. Interpretation We demonstrate a role for Vezf1 in regulation of compensatory cardiac growth and cardiomyocyte contractile function, which may be relevant in human cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jere Paavola
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Alakoski
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Ulvila
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Teemu Kilpiö
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juuso Sirén
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanni Perttunen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suneeta Narumanchi
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hong Wang
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ruizhu Lin
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katja Porvari
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Forensic Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juhani Junttila
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Huikuri
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katariina Immonen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Lakkisto
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Ilkka Tikkanen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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82
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Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a widely used model system during the last four decades. The fact that the zebrafish larva is transparent enables sophisticated in vivo imaging, including calcium imaging of intracellular transients in many different tissues. While being a vertebrate, the reduced complexity of its nervous system and small size make it possible to follow large-scale activity in the whole brain. Its genome is sequenced and many genetic and molecular tools have been developed that simplify the study of gene function in health and disease. Since the mid 90's, the development and neuronal function of the embryonic, larval, and later, adult zebrafish have been studied using calcium imaging methods. This updated chapter is reviewing the advances in methods and research findings of zebrafish calcium imaging during the last decade. The choice of calcium indicator depends on the desired number of cells to study and cell accessibility. Synthetic calcium indicators, conjugated to dextrans and acetoxymethyl (AM) esters, are still used to label specific neuronal cell types in the hindbrain and the olfactory system. However, genetically encoded calcium indicators, such as aequorin and the GCaMP family of indicators, expressed in various tissues by the use of cell-specific promoters, are now the choice for most applications, including brain-wide imaging. Calcium imaging in the zebrafish has contributed greatly to our understanding of basic biological principles during development and adulthood, and the function of disease-related genes in a vertebrate system.
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83
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Ji C, Yue S, Gu J, Kong Y, Chen H, Yu C, Sun Z, Zhao M. 2,7-Dibromocarbazole interferes with tube formation in HUVECs by altering Ang2 promoter DNA methylation status. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134156. [PMID: 32380619 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
2,7-Dibromocarbazole (2,7-DBCZ) is one of the most frequently detected polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) in the environmental media. 2,7-DBCZ has attracted public attention for its potential for dioxin-like toxicity and cardiovascular toxicity. However, researches on the potential mechanism of angiogenesis inhibition by 2,7-DBCZ is still insufficient. Herein, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were applied to explore the angiogenic effect of 2,7-DBCZ and the potential underlying mechanisms. 2,7-DBCZ significantly inhibited tube formation in HUVECs in the non-toxic concentration range. PCR array showed that 2,7-DBCZ reduced the expression proportion between VEGFs and Ang2, thereby inhibiting tube formation in HUVECs. Then, small RNA interference and DNA methylation assays were adopted to explore the potential mechanisms. It has been found that angiopoietin2 (Ang2)-silencing recovered the tube formation inhibited by 2,7-DBCZ. The DNA methylation status of Ang2 promoter also showed a demethylation tendency after exposure. In conclusion, 2,7-DBCZ could demethylate the Ang2 promoter to potentiate Ang2 expression, thus altering angiogenic phenotype of HUVECs by reducing the proportion between Ang2 and VEGFs. The data presented here can help to guide safety measures on the use of dioxin-like PHCZs for their potential adverse effects and provide a method for identifying the relevant biomarkers to assess their cardiovascular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Ji
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Siqing Yue
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jinping Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuan Kong
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Haofeng Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Chang Yu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Meirong Zhao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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84
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Development of a Simple ImageJ-Based Method for Dynamic Blood Flow Tracking in Zebrafish Embryos and Its Application in Drug Toxicity Evaluation. INVENTIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/inventions4040065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a simple and cost-effective method to measure blood flow in zebrafish by using an image-based approach. Three days post fertilization (dpf) zebrafish embryos were mounted with methylcellulose and subjected to video recording for tracking blood flow under an inverted microscope equipped with a high-speed CCD camera. In addition, Hoffman lens was used to enhance the blood cell contrast. The red blood cell movement was tracked by using the TrackMate plug-in in the ImageJ image processing program. Moreover, Stack Difference and Time Series Analyzer plug-in were used to detect dynamic pixel changes over time to calculate the blood flow rate. In addition to blood flow velocity and heart rate, the effect of drug treatments on other cardiovascular function parameters, such as stroke volume and cardiac output remains to be explored. Therefore, by using this method, the potential side effects on the cardiovascular performance of ethyl 3-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate (MS222) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) were evaluated. MS222 is a common anesthetic, while IBMX is a naturally occurring methylxanthine. Compared to normal embryos, MS222- and IBMX-treated embryos had a reduced blood flow velocity by approximately 72% and 58%, respectively. This study showed that MS222 significantly decreased the heart rate, whereas IBMX increased the heart rate. Moreover, it also demonstrated that MS222 treatment reduced 50% of the stroke volume and cardiac output. While IBMX decreased the stroke volume only. The results are in line with previous studies that used expensive instruments and complicated software analysis to assess cardiovascular function. In conclusion, a simple and low-cost method can be used to study blood flow in zebrafish embryos for compound screening. Furthermore, it could provide a precise measurement of clinically relevant cardiac functions, specifically heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output.
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85
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Stem cell safe harbor: the hematopoietic stem cell niche in zebrafish. Blood Adv 2019; 2:3063-3069. [PMID: 30425071 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018021725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Each stem cell resides in a highly specialized anatomic location known as the niche that protects and regulates stem cell function. The importance of the niche in hematopoiesis has long been appreciated in transplantation, but without methods to observe activity in vivo, the components and mechanisms of the hematopoietic niche have remained incompletely understood. Zebrafish have emerged over the past few decades as an answer to this. Use of zebrafish to study the hematopoietic niche has enabled discovery of novel cell-cell interactions, as well as chemical and genetic regulators of hematopoietic stem cells. Mastery of niche components may improve therapeutic efforts to direct differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells from pluripotent cells, sustain stem cells in culture, or improve stem cell transplant.
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86
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Allen TA, Asad D, Amu E, Hensley MT, Cores J, Vandergriff A, Tang J, Dinh PU, Shen D, Qiao L, Su T, Hu S, Liang H, Shive H, Harrell E, Campbell C, Peng X, Yoder JA, Cheng K. Circulating tumor cells exit circulation while maintaining multicellularity, augmenting metastatic potential. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs231563. [PMID: 31409692 PMCID: PMC6771143 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.231563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for the majority of all cancer deaths, yet the process remains poorly understood. A pivotal step in the metastasis process is the exiting of tumor cells from the circulation, a process known as extravasation. However, it is unclear how tumor cells extravasate and whether multicellular clusters of tumor cells possess the ability to exit as a whole or must first disassociate. In this study, we use in vivo zebrafish and mouse models to elucidate the mechanism tumor cells use to extravasate. We found that circulating tumor cells exit the circulation using the recently identified extravasation mechanism, angiopellosis, and do so as both clusters and individual cells. We further show that when melanoma and cervical cancer cells utilize this extravasation method to exit as clusters, they exhibit an increased ability to form tumors at distant sites through the expression of unique genetic profiles. Collectively, we present a new model for tumor cell extravasation of both individual and multicellular circulating tumor cells.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler A Allen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Dana Asad
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27607, USA
| | - Emmanuel Amu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - M Taylor Hensley
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Jhon Cores
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27607, USA
| | - Adam Vandergriff
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27607, USA
| | - Junnan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Phuong-Uyen Dinh
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Deliang Shen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Li Qiao
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Teng Su
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27607, USA
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Hongxia Liang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Heather Shive
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Erin Harrell
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Connor Campbell
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Xinxia Peng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Yoder
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27607, USA
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87
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Zhong X, Kang J, Qiu J, Yang W, Wu J, Ji D, Yu Y, Ke W, Shi X, Wei Y. Developmental exposure to BDE-99 hinders cerebrovascular growth and disturbs vascular barrier formation in zebrafish larvae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 214:105224. [PMID: 31255847 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are distributed throughout the environment. Despite a moratorium on their use, concentrations of PBDEs in the atmosphere and in residential environments remain high due to their persistence. The environmental health risks remain concerning and one of the major adverse effects is neurodevelopmental toxicity. However, the early response and effects of PBDEs exposure on the developing brain remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the impacts of 2,2',4,4',5-pentabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-99) on vascular growth and vascular barrier function with an emphasis on cerebral blood vessels, in the early life stages, using a zebrafish model. No general toxicity was observed in exposing zebrafish larvae to 0-0.5 μM BDE-99 at 72 hpf. BDE-99 exposure resulted in neither general toxicity nor pronounced developmental impairment in somatic blood vessels, including intersegmental vessels (ISV) and common cardinal veins (CCV). Meanwhile, both 0.05 μM and 0.5 μM of BDE-99 reduced cerebrovascular density as well as down-regulation of VEGFA and VEGFR2 in the head. In addition, BDE-99 exposure increased vascular leakage, both in cerebral and truncal vasculature at 72 hpf. The accentuated vascular permeability was observed in the head. The mRNA levels of genes encoding tight junction molecules decreased in the BDE-99-exposed larvae, and more robust reductions in Cldn5, Zo1 and Jam were detected in the head than in the trunk. Moreover, proinflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-1β and ICAM-1 were induced, and the expression of neurodevelopment-related genes was suppressed in the head following BDE-99 exposure. Taken together, these results reveal that developmental exposure to BDE-99 impedes cerebrovascular growth and disturbs vascular barrier formation. The cerebral vasculature in developing zebrafish, a more sensitive target for BDE-99, may be a promising tool for the assessment of the early neurodevelopmental effects due to PBDEs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jianmeng Kang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiahuang Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenhan Yang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jingwei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Di Ji
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuejin Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Weijian Ke
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiongjie Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yanhong Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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88
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Lee GH, Chang CL, Chiu WT, Hsiao TH, Chen PY, Wang KC, Kuo CH, Chen BH, Shi GY, Wu HL, Fu TF. A thrombomodulin-like gene is crucial to the collective migration of epibolic blastomeres during germ layer formation and organogenesis in zebrafish. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:60. [PMID: 31451113 PMCID: PMC6709559 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thrombomodulin (TM), an integral membrane protein, has long been known for its anticoagulant activity. Recent studies showed that TM displays multifaceted activities, including the involvement in cell adhesion and collective cell migration in vitro. However, whether TM contributes similarly to these biological processes in vivo remains elusive. Methods We adapted zebrafish, a prominent animal model for studying molecular/cellular activity, embryonic development, diseases mechanism and drug discovery, to examine how TM functions in modulating cell migration during germ layer formation, a normal and crucial physiological process involving massive cell movement in the very early stages of life. In addition, an in vivo assay was developed to examine the anti-hemostatic activity of TM in zebrafish larva. Results We found that zebrafish TM-b, a zebrafish TM-like protein, was expressed mainly in vasculatures and displayed anti-hemostatic activity. Knocking-down TM-b led to malformation of multiple organs, including vessels, heart, blood cells and neural tissues. Delayed epiboly and incoherent movement of yolk syncytial layer were also observed in early TM-b morphants. Whole mount immunostaining revealed the co-localization of TM-b with both actin and microtubules in epibolic blastomeres. Single-cell tracking revealed impeded migration of blastomeres during epiboly in TM-b-deficient embryos. Conclusion Our results showed that TM-b is crucial to the collective migration of blastomeres during germ layer formation. The structural and functional compatibility and conservation between zebrafish TM-b and mammalian TM support the properness of using zebrafish as an in vivo platform for studying the biological significance and medical use of TM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12929-019-0549-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Hui Lee
- The Institute of Basic Medical Science College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Hsien Hsiao
- The Institute of Basic Medical Science College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chen
- The Institute of Basic Medical Science College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chieh Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Food Safety/ Hygiene and Risk Management College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsiang Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Hung Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Yueh Shi
- The Institute of Basic Medical Science College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Lin Wu
- The Institute of Basic Medical Science College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Cardiovascular Research Center College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Fun Fu
- The Institute of Basic Medical Science College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.
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89
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Shi D, Qi M, Zhou L, Li X, Ni L, Li C, Yuan T, Wang Y, Chen Y, Hu C, Liang D, Li L, Liu Y, Li J, Chen YH. Endothelial Mitochondrial Preprotein Translocase Tomm7-Rac1 Signaling Axis Dominates Cerebrovascular Network Homeostasis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2665-2677. [PMID: 30354240 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective- Mitochondria are the important yet most underutilized target for cardio-cerebrovascular function integrity and disorders. The Tom (translocases of outer membrane) complex are the critical determinant of mitochondrial homeostasis for making organs acclimate physiological and pathological insults; however, their roles in the vascular system remain unknown. Approach and Results- A combination of studies in the vascular-specific transgenic zebrafish and genetically engineered mice was conducted. Vascular casting and imaging, endothelial angiogenesis, and mitochondrial protein import were performed to dissect potential mechanisms. A loss-of-function genetic screening in zebrafish identified that selective inactivation of the tomm7 (translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 7) gene, which encodes a small subunit of the Tom complex, specially impaired cerebrovascular network formation. Ablation of the ortholog Tomm7 in mice recapitulated cerebrovascular abnormalities. Restoration of the cerebrovascular anomaly by an endothelial-specific transgenesis of tomm7 further indicated a defect in endothelial function. Mechanistically, Tomm7 deficit in endothelial cells induced an increased import of Rac1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) protein into mitochondria and facilitated the mitochondrial Rac1-coupled redox signaling, which incurred angiogenic impairment that underlies cerebrovascular network malformation. Conclusions- Tomm7 drives brain angiogenesis and cerebrovascular network formation through modulating mitochondrial Rac1 signaling within the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shi
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Man Qi
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Liping Zhou
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Xiang Li
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Le Ni
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Changming Li
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Tianyou Yuan
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Yunqian Wang
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Yongli Chen
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Chaoyue Hu
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Dandan Liang
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Li Li
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Yi Liu
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Jun Li
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- From the Institute of Medical Genetics (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Heart Health Center (D.S., M.Q., L.Z., X.L., L.N., C.L., T.Y., Y.W., Y.C., C.H., D.L., L.I., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China (D.S., L.Z., X.L., L.N., T.Y., C.H., D.L., L.L., Y.L., J.L., Y.-H.C.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
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Kugler EC, van Lessen M, Daetwyler S, Chhabria K, Savage AM, Silva V, Plant K, MacDonald RB, Huisken J, Wilkinson RN, Schulte‐Merker S, Armitage P, Chico TJA. Cerebrovascular endothelial cells form transient Notch-dependent cystic structures in zebrafish. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e47047. [PMID: 31379129 PMCID: PMC6680135 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201847047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We identify a novel endothelial membrane behaviour in transgenic zebrafish. Cerebral blood vessels extrude large transient spherical structures that persist for an average of 23 min before regressing into the parent vessel. We term these structures "kugeln", after the German for sphere. Kugeln are only observed arising from the cerebral vessels and are present as late as 28 days post fertilization. Kugeln do not communicate with the vessel lumen and can form in the absence of blood flow. They contain little or no cytoplasm, but the majority are highly positive for nitric oxide reactivity. Kugeln do not interact with brain lymphatic endothelial cells (BLECs) and can form in their absence, nor do they perform a scavenging role or interact with macrophages. Inhibition of actin polymerization, Myosin II, or Notch signalling reduces kugel formation, while inhibition of VEGF or Wnt dysregulation (either inhibition or activation) increases kugel formation. Kugeln represent a novel Notch-dependent NO-containing endothelial organelle restricted to the cerebral vessels, of currently unknown function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth C Kugler
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular DiseaseMedical SchoolUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- The Bateson CentreFirth CourtUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Max van Lessen
- WWU MünsterFaculty of MedicineInstitute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and RegenerationMünsterGermany
| | - Stephan Daetwyler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
- Department of Cell BiologyThe University of Texas SouthwesternTexasTXUSA
| | - Karishma Chhabria
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular DiseaseMedical SchoolUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- The Bateson CentreFirth CourtUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Aaron M Savage
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular DiseaseMedical SchoolUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- The Bateson CentreFirth CourtUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Vishmi Silva
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular DiseaseMedical SchoolUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- The Bateson CentreFirth CourtUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Karen Plant
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular DiseaseMedical SchoolUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- The Bateson CentreFirth CourtUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Ryan B MacDonald
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular DiseaseMedical SchoolUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- The Bateson CentreFirth CourtUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Jan Huisken
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
- Morgridge Institute for ResearchMadisonWIUSA
| | - Robert N Wilkinson
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular DiseaseMedical SchoolUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- The Bateson CentreFirth CourtUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Stefan Schulte‐Merker
- WWU MünsterFaculty of MedicineInstitute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and RegenerationMünsterGermany
| | - Paul Armitage
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular DiseaseMedical SchoolUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Timothy JA Chico
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular DiseaseMedical SchoolUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- The Bateson CentreFirth CourtUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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91
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García-Moreno D, Tyrkalska SD, Valera-Pérez A, Gómez-Abenza E, Pérez-Oliva AB, Mulero V. The zebrafish: A research model to understand the evolution of vertebrate immunity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 90:215-222. [PMID: 31039438 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The zebrafish has unique advantages for understanding the evolution of vertebrate immunity and to model human diseases. In this review, we will firstly give an overview of the current knowledge on vertebrate innate immune receptors with special emphasis on the inflammasome and then summarize the main contribution of the zebrafish model to this field, including to the identification of novel inflammasome components and to the mechanisms involved in its activation, assembly and clearance of intracellular bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana García-Moreno
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Sylwia D Tyrkalska
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Valera-Pérez
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Gómez-Abenza
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana B Pérez-Oliva
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
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92
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Lu FI, Wang YT, Wang YS, Wu CY, Li CC. Involvement of BIG1 and BIG2 in regulating VEGF expression and angiogenesis. FASEB J 2019; 33:9959-9973. [PMID: 31199673 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900342rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
VEGF stimulates the formation of new blood vessels by inducing endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and migration. Brefeldin A (BFA)-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (BIG)1 and 2 accelerate the replacement of bound GDP with GTP to activate ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf)1, which regulates vesicular transport between the Golgi and plasma membrane. Although it has been reported that treating cells with BFA interferes with Arf1 activation to inhibit VEGF secretion, the role of BIG1 and BIG2 in VEGF trafficking and expression, EC migration and proliferation, and vascular development remains unknown. Here, we found that inactivation of Arf1 reduced VEGF secretion but did not affect the levels of VEGF protein. Interestingly, however, BIG1 and BIG2 knockdown significantly decreased the levels of VEGF mRNA and protein in glioblastoma U251 cells and HUVECs. Furthermore, depletion of BIG1 and BIG2 inhibited HUVEC angiogenesis by diminishing cell migration. Angioblast migration and intersegmental vessel sprouting were also impaired when the BIG2 homolog, Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factor (arfgef)2, was knocked down in zebrafish with endothelial expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). Depletion of arfgef2 by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) also caused defects in vascular development of zebrafish embryos. Taken together, these data reveal that BIG1 and BIG2 participate in endothelial cell angiogenesis.-Lu, F.-I., Wang, Y.-T., Wang, Y.-S., Wu, C.-Y., Li, C.-C. Involvement of BIG1 and BIG2 in regulating VEGF expression and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-I Lu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,The Integrative Evolutionary Galliforms Genomics Research (iEGG) and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chun Li
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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93
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Santoro MM, Beltrame M, Panáková D, Siekmann AF, Tiso N, Venero Galanternik M, Jung HM, Weinstein BM. Advantages and Challenges of Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Studies in Zebrafish Research. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:89. [PMID: 31192207 PMCID: PMC6546721 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its introduction, the zebrafish has provided an important reference system to model and study cardiovascular development as well as lymphangiogenesis in vertebrates. A scientific workshop, held at the 2018 European Zebrafish Principal Investigators Meeting in Trento (Italy) and chaired by Massimo Santoro, focused on the most recent methods and studies on cardiac, vascular and lymphatic development. Daniela Panáková and Natascia Tiso described new molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in cardiac differentiation and disease. Arndt Siekmann and Wiebke Herzog discussed novel roles for Wnt and VEGF signaling in brain angiogenesis. In addition, Brant Weinstein's lab presented data concerning the discovery of endothelium-derived macrophage-like perivascular cells in the zebrafish brain, while Monica Beltrame's studies refined the role of Sox transcription factors in vascular and lymphatic development. In this article, we will summarize the details of these recent discoveries in support of the overall value of the zebrafish model system not only to study normal development, but also associated disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo M Santoro
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Redox Metabolism, Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Monica Beltrame
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Panáková
- Electrochemical Signaling in Development and Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers (HZ), Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research: DZHK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arndt F Siekmann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany.,Cells in Motion Cluster of Excellence (CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Natascia Tiso
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marina Venero Galanternik
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hyun Min Jung
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Brant M Weinstein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States
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94
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Endoglin is a conserved regulator of vasculogenesis in zebrafish - implications for hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182320. [PMID: 31064821 PMCID: PMC6527926 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a progressive vascular disease with high mortality and prevalence. There is no effective treatment of HHT due to the lack of comprehensive knowledge of its underlying pathological mechanisms. The majority of HHT1 patients carry endoglin (ENG) mutations. Here, we used Danio rerio (zebrafish) as an in vivo model to investigate the effects of endoglin knockdown on vascular development. According to phylogenetic analyses and amino acid sequence similarity analyses, we confirmed that endoglin is conserved in vertebrates and descended from a single common ancestor. Endoglin is highly expressed in the vasculature beginning at the segmentation period in zebrafish. Upon endoglin knockdown by morpholinos, we observed disruption in the intersegmental vessels (ISVs) and decreased expression of several vascular markers. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) results implied that the BMP-binding endothelial regulator (bmper) is a gene affected by endoglin knockdown. Rescue experiments demonstrated that overexpression of bmper significantly increased the number of endothelial cells (ECs) and reduced the defects at ISVs in zebrafish. Moreover, there was enhanced tube formation in ENG mutant ECs derived from a HHT patient after human recombinant BMPER (hrBMPER) stimulation. Taken together, our results suggest that bmper, a potential downstream gene of ENG, could be targeted to improve vascular integrity in HHT.
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95
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Evaluation of Angiogenesis Assays. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7020037. [PMID: 31100863 PMCID: PMC6631830 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis assays allow for the evaluation of pro- or anti-angiogenic activity of endogenous or exogenous factors (stimulus or inhibitors) through investigation of their pro-or anti- proliferative, migratory, and tube formation effects on endothelial cells. To model the process of angiogenesis and the effects of biomolecules on that process, both in vitro and in vivo methods are currently used. In general, in vitro methods monitor specific stages in the angiogenesis process and are used for early evaluations, while in vivo methods more accurately simulate the living microenvironment to provide more pertinent information. We review here the current state of angiogenesis assays as well as their mechanisms, advantages, and limitations.
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96
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Ugwuagbo KC, Maiti S, Omar A, Hunter S, Nault B, Northam C, Majumder M. Prostaglandin E2 promotes embryonic vascular development and maturation in zebrafish. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.039768. [PMID: 30890523 PMCID: PMC6504002 DOI: 10.1242/bio.039768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG)-E2 is essential for growth and development of vertebrates. PGE2 binds to G-coupled receptors to regulate embryonic stem cell differentiation and maintains tissue homeostasis. Overproduction of PGE2 by breast tumor cells promotes aggressive breast cancer phenotypes and tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis. In this study, we investigated novel roles of PGE2 in early embryonic vascular development and maturation with the microinjection of PGE2 in fertilized zebrafish (Danio rerio) eggs. We injected Texas Red dextran to trace vascular development. Embryos injected with the solvent of PGE2 served as vehicle. Distinct developmental changes were noted from 28-96 h post fertilization (hpf), showing an increase in embryonic tail flicks, pigmentation, growth, hatching and larval movement post-hatching in the PGE2-injected group compared to the vehicle. We recorded a significant increase in trunk vascular fluorescence and maturation of vascular anatomy, embryo heartbeat and blood vessel formation in the PGE2 injected group. At 96 hpf, all larvae were euthanized to measure vascular marker mRNA expression. We observed a significant increase in the expression of stem cell markers efnb2a, ephb4a, angiogenesis markers vegfa, kdrl, etv2 and lymphangiogenesis marker prox1 in the PGE2-group compared to the vehicle. This study shows the novel roles of PGE2 in promoting embryonic vascular maturation and angiogenesis in zebrafish.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sujit Maiti
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Ahmed Omar
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Stephanie Hunter
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Braydon Nault
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Caleb Northam
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Mousumi Majumder
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada
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97
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Gong B, Li Z, Xiao W, Li G, Ding S, Meng A, Jia S. Sec14l3 potentiates VEGFR2 signaling to regulate zebrafish vasculogenesis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1606. [PMID: 30962435 PMCID: PMC6453981 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09604-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates vasculogenesis by using its tyrosine kinase receptors. However, little is known about whether Sec14-like phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (PTP) are involved in this process. Here, we show that zebrafish sec14l3, one of the family members, specifically participates in artery and vein formation via regulating angioblasts and subsequent venous progenitors’ migration during vasculogenesis. Vascular defects caused by sec14l3 depletion are partially rescued by restoration of VEGFR2 signaling at the receptor or downstream effector level. Biochemical analyses show that Sec14l3/SEC14L2 physically bind to VEGFR2 and prevent it from dephosphorylation specifically at the Y1175 site by peri-membrane tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B, therefore potentiating VEGFR2 signaling activation. Meanwhile, Sec14l3 and SEC14L2 interact with RAB5A/4A and facilitate the formation of their GTP-bound states, which might be critical for VEGFR2 endocytic trafficking. Thus, we conclude that Sec14l3 controls vasculogenesis in zebrafish via the regulation of VEGFR2 activation. The growth factor VEGF is known to regulate vasculogenesis but the downstream pathways activated are unclear. Here, the authors report that Sec14l3, a member of the PITP (phosphatidyl inositol transfer proteins) family regulates the formation of zebrafish vasculature by promoting VEGFR2 endocytic trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Wanghua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Shihui Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Anming Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Shunji Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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98
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Zhong X, Qiu J, Kang J, Xing X, Shi X, Wei Y. Exposure to tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) induces vascular toxicity through Nrf2-VEGF pathway in zebrafish and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:293-301. [PMID: 30685670 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The growing production and extensive use of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) have led to an increase in their environmental distribution and human exposure. Developmental toxicity is a major concern of OPFRs' adverse health effects. However, the impact of OPFRs exposure on vascular development and the toxicity pathway for developmental defects are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of exposure to tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP), a frequently detected OPFR, on early vascular development, and the possible role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2)-dependent angiogenic pathway in TDCPP's vascular toxicity. TDCPP exposure at 300 and 500 μg/L impeded the growth of intersegmental vessels (ISV), a type of microvessels, as early as 30 hpf. Consistently, a similar pattern of decreased extension and remodeling of common cardinal vein (CCV), a typical macrovessel, was observed in zebrafish at 48 hpf and 72 hpf. Developing vasculature in zebrafish was more sensitive than general developmental parameters to TDCPP exposure. The expression of genes related to VEGF signaling pathway dose-dependently decreased in TDCPP-treated larvae. In in vitro experiments using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), the increased cell proliferation induced by VEGF was suppressed by TDCPP exposure in a dose-dependent fashion. In addition, we found a repression of Nrf2 expression and activity in TDCPP-treated larvae and HUVECs. Strikingly, the application of CDDO-Im, a potent Nrf2 activator, enhanced VEGF and protected against defective vascular development in zebrafish. Our results reveal that vascular impairment is a sensitive index for early exposure to TDCPP, which could be considered in the environmental risk assessment of OPFRs. The identification of Nrf2-mediating VEGF pathway provides new insight into the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) of OPFRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiahuang Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jianmeng Kang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiongjie Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yanhong Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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99
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Daetwyler S, Günther U, Modes CD, Harrington K, Huisken J. Multi-sample SPIM image acquisition, processing and analysis of vascular growth in zebrafish. Development 2019; 146:dev173757. [PMID: 30824551 PMCID: PMC6451323 DOI: 10.1242/dev.173757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
To quantitatively understand biological processes that occur over many hours or days, it is desirable to image multiple samples simultaneously, and automatically process and analyse the resulting datasets. Here, we present a complete multi-sample preparation, imaging, processing and analysis workflow to determine the development of the vascular volume in zebrafish. Up to five live embryos were mounted and imaged simultaneously over several days using selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM). The resulting large imagery dataset of several terabytes was processed in an automated manner on a high-performance computer cluster and segmented using a novel segmentation approach that uses images of red blood cells as training data. This analysis yielded a precise quantification of growth characteristics of the whole vascular network, head vasculature and tail vasculature over development. Our multi-sample platform demonstrates effective upgrades to conventional single-sample imaging platforms and paves the way for diverse quantitative long-term imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Daetwyler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrik Günther
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Chair of Scientific Computing for Systems Biology, Faculty of Computer Science, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carl D Modes
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kyle Harrington
- Virtual Technology and Design, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Jan Huisken
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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100
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Live imaging of angiogenesis during cutaneous wound healing in adult zebrafish. Angiogenesis 2019; 22:341-354. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-09660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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