51
|
Yusof NZ, Abd Gani SS, Azizul Hasan ZA, Idris Z. Skin and Eye Irritation Assessment of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaf Extract for Topical Application. Int J Toxicol 2018; 37:335-343. [DOI: 10.1177/1091581818773979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many types of phytochemicals have been found to be present in oil palm leaf and could potentially be used as functional ingredients for skincare product. However, as of today, there is no published report on hazard identification and safety assessment of oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis) leaf extract (OPLE), particularly on skin and eye irritation. In this study, potential hazard of OPLE on skin and eye irritation was evaluated as an initial step to the safety assessment of OPLE. In vitro cell viability study of OPLE on normal human dermal fibroblasts showed that OPLE was nontoxic to the cells with percentage viability more than 90% after 24 and 48 hours of incubation. Skin irritation potential of OPLE was evaluated using in vitro SkinEthic reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD] Test Guideline 439, 2015), while eye irritation potential was evaluated using in vitro SkinEthic Human corneal epithelium (HCE) model (OECD test guideline 492, 2017). Hazard identification results showed that OPLE at 1%, 5%, and 10% (wt/wt) was classified as nonirritant to the skin and eye where mean tissue viabilities of SkinEthic RHE and SkinEthic HCE were more than 50% and 60%, respectively. Therefore, we recommend a further safety assessment, such as human patch testing, to confirm the nonirritant of OPLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Siti Salwa Abd Gani
- University Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Agriculture, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Zainab Idris
- Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Bandar Baru Bangi, Kajang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Bibliography. Stem Cells 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-78548-254-0.50011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
53
|
Desmet E, Ramadhas A, Lambert J, Van Gele M. In vitro psoriasis models with focus on reconstructed skin models as promising tools in psoriasis research. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:1158-1169. [PMID: 28585891 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217710637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex chronic immune-mediated inflammatory cutaneous disease associated with the development of inflammatory plaques on the skin. Studies proved that the disease results from a deregulated interplay between skin keratinocytes, immune cells and the environment leading to a persisting inflammatory process modulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of T cells. However, a major hindrance to study the pathogenesis of psoriasis more in depth and subsequent development of novel therapies is the lack of suitable pre-clinical models mimicking the complex phenotype of this skin disorder. Recent advances in and optimization of three-dimensional skin equivalent models have made them attractive and promising alternatives to the simplistic monolayer cultures, immunological different in vivo models and scarce ex vivo skin explants. Moreover, human skin equivalents are increasing in complexity level to match human biology as closely as possible. Here, we critically review the different types of three-dimensional skin models of psoriasis with relevance to their application potential and advantages over other models. This will guide researchers in choosing the most suitable psoriasis skin model for therapeutic drug testing (including gene therapy via siRNA molecules), or to examine biological features contributing to the pathology of psoriasis. However, the addition of T cells (as recently applied to a de-epidermized dermis-based psoriatic skin model) or other immune cells would make them even more attractive models and broaden their application potential. Eventually, the ultimate goal would be to substitute animal models by three-dimensional psoriatic skin models in the pre-clinical phases of anti-psoriasis candidate drugs. Impact statement The continuous development of novel in vitro models mimicking the psoriasis phenotype is important in the field of psoriasis research, as currently no model exists that completely matches the in vivo psoriasis skin or the disease pathology. This work provides a complete overview of the different available in vitro psoriasis models and suggests improvements for future models. Moreover, a focus was given to psoriatic skin equivalent models, as they offer several advantages over the other models, including commercial availability and validity. The potential and reported applicability of these models in psoriasis pre-clinical research is extensively discussed. As such, this work offers a guide to researchers in their choice of pre-clinical psoriasis model depending on their type of research question.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eline Desmet
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Anesh Ramadhas
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Jo Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Mireille Van Gele
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Lee M, Hwang JH, Lim KM. Alternatives to In Vivo Draize Rabbit Eye and Skin Irritation Tests with a Focus on 3D Reconstructed Human Cornea-Like Epithelium and Epidermis Models. Toxicol Res 2017; 33:191-203. [PMID: 28744350 PMCID: PMC5523559 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2017.33.3.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human eyes and skin are frequently exposed to chemicals accidentally or on purpose due to their external location. Therefore, chemicals are required to undergo the evaluation of the ocular and dermal irritancy for their safe handling and use before release into the market. Draize rabbit eye and skin irritation test developed in 1944, has been a gold standard test which was enlisted as OECD TG 404 and OECD TG 405 but it has been criticized with respect to animal welfare due to invasive and cruel procedure. To replace it, diverse alternatives have been developed: (i) For Draize eye irritation test, organotypic assay, in vitro cytotoxicity-based method, in chemico tests, in silico prediction model, and 3D reconstructed human cornea-like epithelium (RhCE); (ii) For Draize skin irritation test, in vitro cytotoxicity-based cell model, and 3D reconstructed human epidermis models (RhE). Of these, RhCE and RhE models are getting spotlight as a promising alternative with a wide applicability domain covering cosmetics and personal care products. In this review, we overviewed the current alternatives to Draize test with a focus on 3D human epithelium models to provide an insight into advancing and widening their utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Pohin M, Veaute C, Garnier J, Barrault C, Cronier L, Huguier V, Favot L, Mcheik J, Bernard FX, Lecron JC, Morel F, Jégou JF. Development of a new model of reconstituted mouse epidermis and characterization of its response to proinflammatory cytokines. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e1098-e1107. [PMID: 28477582 DOI: 10.1002/term.2442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of three-dimensional models of reconstituted mouse epidermis (RME) has been hampered by the difficulty to maintain murine primary keratinocyte cultures and to achieve a complete epidermal stratification. In this study, a new protocol is proposed for the rapid and convenient generation of RME, which reproduces accurately the architecture of a normal mouse epidermis. During RME morphogenesis, the expression of differentiation markers such as keratins, loricrin, filaggrin, E-cadherin and connexins was followed, showing that RME structure at day 5 was similar to those of a normal mouse epidermis, with the acquisition of the natural barrier function. It was also demonstrated that RME responded to skin-relevant proinflammatory cytokines by increasing the expression of antimicrobial peptides and chemokines, and inhibiting epidermal differentiation markers, as in the human system. This new model of RME is therefore suitable to investigate mouse epidermis physiology further and opens new perspectives to generate reconstituted epidermis from transgenic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Pohin
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Carolina Veaute
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Básica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | | | - Laurent Cronier
- STIM, CNRS ERL 7368, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Vincent Huguier
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, France.,CHU de Poitiers, France
| | - Laure Favot
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Jiad Mcheik
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, France.,CHU de Poitiers, France
| | - François-Xavier Bernard
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, France.,Bioalternatives, Gençay, France
| | - Jean-Claude Lecron
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, France.,CHU de Poitiers, France
| | - Franck Morel
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-François Jégou
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), EA 4331, Université de Poitiers, France
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Gursoy UK, Gursoy M, Könönen E, Sintim HO, Uitto VJ, Syrjänen S. Construction and characterization of a multilayered gingival keratinocyte culture model: the TURK-U model. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:2345-2354. [PMID: 27752840 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-0029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In construction of epithelial cells as multilayers, the cells are grown submerged to confluence on fibroblast-embedded collagen gels and, then, lifted to air to promote their stratification. We recently demonstrated that gingival epithelial cells form uniform monolayers on semi-permeable nitrocellulose membranes, supported with a semi-solid growth medium, which allows the cells to grow at an air-liquid-solid interface from the beginning of the culturing protocol. In this study, the aim was to further develop our previous model to form a multilayered gingival epithelial culture model. Two different epithelial cell lines (HaCaT from skin and HMK from gingiva) were used in all experiments. Both cell lines were grown first as monolayers for 3 days. After that, keratinocytes were trypsinized, counted and seeded on a sterile semi-permeable nitrocellulose membrane placed on the top of a semi-solid growth medium, forming an air-liquid-solid interface for the cells to grow. At days 1, 4, and 7, epithelial cells were fixed, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned for routine Hematoxylin-Eosin staining and immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin (Ck). At day 1, HMK cells grew as monolayers, while HaCaT cells stratified forming an epithelium with two to three layers. At day 4, a stratified epithelium in the HMK model had four to five layers and its proliferation continued up to day 7. HaCaT cells formed a dense and weakly proliferating epithelium with three to four layers of stratification at day 4 but the proliferation disappeared at day 7. At all days, both models were strongly positive for Ck5, Ck7, and Ck 19, and weakly positive for Ck10. Gingival epithelial cells stratify successfully on semi-permeable nitrocellulose membranes, supported with a semi-solid growth medium. This technique allows researchers to construct uniform gingival epithelial cell multilayers at an air-liquid-solid interface, without using collagen gels, resulting in a more reproducible method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulvi K Gursoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Mervi Gursoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Eija Könönen
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Oral Health Care, Welfare Division, Turku, Finland
| | - Herman O Sintim
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery and Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Veli-Jukka Uitto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stina Syrjänen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Lecas S, Boursier E, Fitoussi R, Vié K, Momas I, Seta N, Achard S. In vitro model adapted to the study of skin ageing induced by air pollution. Toxicol Lett 2016; 259:60-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
58
|
Seo A, Kitagawa N, Matsuura T, Sato H, Inai T. Formation of keratinocyte multilayers on filters under airlifted or submerged culture conditions in medium containing calcium, ascorbic acid, and keratinocyte growth factor. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:585-597. [PMID: 27480258 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1472-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is a powerful in vitro technique to study the stratification and differentiation of keratinocytes. However, culture conditions, including culture media, supplements, and scaffolds (e.g., collagen gels with or without fibroblasts), can vary considerably. Here, we evaluated the roles of calcium, L-ascorbic acid phosphate magnesium salt n-hydrate (APM), and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) in a chemically defined medium, EpiLife, in 3D cultures of primary human epidermal keratinocytes directly plated on polycarbonate filter inserts under airlifted or submerged conditions. Eight culture media containing various combinations of these three supplements were examined. Calcium was necessary for the stratification and differentiation of keratinocytes based on the localization of keratins and involucrin. However, the localization patterns of keratins and integrin β4 were partially disrupted and Ki67-positive basal cells almost disappeared 3 weeks after airlift. The addition of KGF, but not APM, prevented these changes. Further addition of APM markedly improved the tissue architecture, including basal cell morphology and the appearance of keratohyalin granules and localized involucrin in the upper suprabasal cells, even after 1 week. Although the submerged culture also formed cornified epithelium-like multilayers, involucrin was localized in the cornified layer, where nuclei were often found. Based on these results, it is most effective to culture keratinocytes at the air-liquid interface in EpiLife medium supplemented with calcium, APM, and KGF to form well-organized and orthokeratinized multilayers as skin analogues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Seo
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan
| | - Norio Kitagawa
- Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuura
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sato
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan
| | - Tetsuichiro Inai
- Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Rossi A, Wistlich L, Heffels KH, Walles H, Groll J. Isotropic Versus Bipolar Functionalized Biomimetic Artificial Basement Membranes and Their Evaluation in Long-Term Human Cell Co-Culture. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:1939-48. [PMID: 27283510 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In addition to dividing tissues into compartments, basement membranes are crucial as cell substrates and to regulate cellular behavior. The development of artificial basement membranes is indispensable for the ultimate formation of functional engineered tissues; however, pose a challenge due to their complex structure. Herein, biodegradable electrospun polyester meshes are presented, exhibiting isotropic or bipolar bioactivation as a biomimetic and biofunctional model of the natural basement membrane. In a one-step preparation process, reactive star-shaped prepolymer additives, which generate a hydrophilic fiber surface, are electrospun with cell-adhesion-mediating peptides, derived from major components of the basement membrane. Human skin cells adhere to the functionalized meshes, and long-term co-culture experiments confirm that the artificial basement membranes recapitulate and preserve tissue specific functions. Several layers of immortalized human keratinocytes grow on the membranes, differentiating toward the surface and expressing typical epithelial markers. Fibroblasts migrate into the reticular lamina mimicking part of the mesh. Both cells types begin to produce extracellular matrix proteins and to remodel the initial membrane. It is shown at the example of skin that the artificial basement membrane design provokes biomimetic responses of different cell types and can thus be used as basis for the future development of basement membrane containing tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rossi
- Chair for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; University of Würzburg; Translational Center Würzburg “Regenerative Therapies in Oncology and Musculoskeletal Diseases”; Würzburg Branch of the Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology; Röntgenring 11 97070 Würzburg Germany
- Chair for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry; University of Würzburg; Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Laura Wistlich
- Chair for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry; University of Würzburg; Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Heffels
- Chair for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry; University of Würzburg; Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Heike Walles
- Chair for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; University of Würzburg; Translational Center Würzburg “Regenerative Therapies in Oncology and Musculoskeletal Diseases”; Würzburg Branch of the Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology; Röntgenring 11 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Chair for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry; University of Würzburg; Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Groeber F, Schober L, Schmid FF, Traube A, Kolbus-Hernandez S, Daton K, Hoffmann S, Petersohn D, Schäfer-Korting M, Walles H, Mewes KR. Catch-up validation study of an in vitro skin irritation test method based on an open source reconstructed epidermis (phase II). Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 36:254-261. [PMID: 27435616 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To replace the Draize skin irritation assay (OECD guideline 404) several test methods based on reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) have been developed and were adopted in the OECD test guideline 439. However, all validated test methods in the guideline are linked to RHE provided by only three companies. Thus, the availability of these test models is dependent on the commercial interest of the producer. To overcome this limitation and thus to increase the accessibility of in vitro skin irritation testing, an open source reconstructed epidermis (OS-REp) was introduced. To demonstrate the capacity of the OS-REp in regulatory risk assessment, a catch-up validation study was performed. The participating laboratories used in-house generated OS-REp to assess the set of 20 reference substances according to the performance standards amending the OECD test guideline 439. Testing was performed under blinded conditions. The within-laboratory reproducibility of 87% and the inter-laboratory reproducibility of 85% prove a high reliability of irritancy testing using the OS-REp protocol. In addition, the prediction capacity was with an accuracy of 80% comparable to previous published RHE based test protocols. Taken together the results indicate that the OS-REp test method can be used as a standalone alternative skin irritation test replacing the OECD test guideline 404.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Groeber
- Fraunhofer Institute of Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - L Schober
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - F F Schmid
- Fraunhofer Institute of Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - A Traube
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - S Kolbus-Hernandez
- Fraunhofer Institute of Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - K Daton
- Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - S Hoffmann
- Seh consulting + services, Paderborn, Germany.
| | | | - M Schäfer-Korting
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology and Toxicology), Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - H Walles
- Fraunhofer Institute of Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany; Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - K R Mewes
- Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Schmid FF, Schwarz T, Klos M, Schuberthan W, Walles H, Hansmann J, Groeber FK. Applicability of a Dual-Arm Robotic System for Automated Downstream Analysis of Epidermal Models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2015.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Freia F. Schmid
- Fraunhofer Unit “Regenerative Therapies,” Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schwarz
- Fraunhofer Unit “Regenerative Therapies,” Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Heike Walles
- Fraunhofer Unit “Regenerative Therapies,” Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Würzburg, Germany
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Hansmann
- Fraunhofer Unit “Regenerative Therapies,” Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Würzburg, Germany
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian K. Groeber
- Fraunhofer Unit “Regenerative Therapies,” Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Tsai PC, Zhang Z, Florek C, Michniak-Kohn BB. Constructing Human Skin Equivalents on Porcine Acellular Peritoneum Extracellular Matrix forIn VitroIrritation Testing. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:111-22. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chin Tsai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Zheng Zhang
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | | | - Bozena B. Michniak-Kohn
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Debeuckelaere C, Berl V, Elbayed K, Moussallieh FM, Namer IJ, Lepoittevin JP. Matrix Effect of Human Reconstructed Epidermis on the Chemoselectivity of a Skin Sensitizing α-Methylene-γ-Butyrolactone: Consequences for the Development of in Chemico Alternative Methods. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:2192-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Debeuckelaere
- Institute
of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue
Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Berl
- Institute
of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue
Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Karim Elbayed
- Institute
of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue
Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire
des sciences de l’ingénieur, de l’informatique
et de l’imagerie (ICube), CNRS UMR 7357 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - François-Marie Moussallieh
- Institute
of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue
Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire
des sciences de l’ingénieur, de l’informatique
et de l’imagerie (ICube), CNRS UMR 7357 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Izzie-Jacques Namer
- Laboratoire
des sciences de l’ingénieur, de l’informatique
et de l’imagerie (ICube), CNRS UMR 7357 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - J.-P. Lepoittevin
- Institute
of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue
Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Houcine A, Delalleau A, Heraud S, Guiraud B, Payre B, Duplan H, Delisle MB, Damour O, Bessou-Touya S. How biophysicalin vivotesting techniques can be used to characterize full thickness skin equivalents. Skin Res Technol 2015; 22:284-94. [PMID: 26508353 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Houcine
- Centre de Microscopie Electronique Appliquée à la Biologie; Faculté de Médecine Rangueil; Toulouse III; Université P. Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | | | - S. Heraud
- Banque de tissus et cellules; Laboratoire des substituts cutanés; Hospices Civils de Lyon and LBTI, UMR 5305; Lyon France
| | - B. Guiraud
- Département Pharmacologie; Pierre Fabre, R&D PFDC; Toulouse Cedex France
| | - B. Payre
- Centre de Microscopie Electronique Appliquée à la Biologie; Faculté de Médecine Rangueil; Toulouse III; Université P. Sabatier; Toulouse France
| | - H. Duplan
- Département Pharmacologie; Pierre Fabre, R&D PFDC; Toulouse Cedex France
| | - M.-B. Delisle
- Centre de Microscopie Electronique Appliquée à la Biologie; Faculté de Médecine Rangueil; Toulouse III; Université P. Sabatier; Toulouse France
- CHU Toulouse et INSERM U 1037; Toulouse Cedex France
| | - O. Damour
- Banque de tissus et cellules; Laboratoire des substituts cutanés; Hospices Civils de Lyon and LBTI, UMR 5305; Lyon France
| | - S. Bessou-Touya
- Département Pharmacologie; Pierre Fabre, R&D PFDC; Toulouse Cedex France
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Alépée N, Grandidier MH, Tornier C, Cotovio J. An integrated testing strategy for in vitro skin corrosion and irritation assessment using SkinEthic™ Reconstructed Human Epidermis. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1779-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
66
|
Sun R, Celli A, Crumrine D, Hupe M, Adame LC, Pennypacker SD, Park K, Uchida Y, Feingold KR, Elias PM, Ilic D, Mauro TM. Lowered humidity produces human epidermal equivalents with enhanced barrier properties. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2015; 21:15-22. [PMID: 24803151 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2014.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multilayered human keratinocyte cultures increasingly are used to model human epidermis. Until now, studies utilizing human epidermal equivalents (HEEs) have been limited because previous preparations do not establish a normal epidermal permeability barrier. In this report, we show that reducing environmental humidity to 50% relative humidity yields HEEs that closely match human postnatal epidermis and have enhanced repair of the permeability barrier. These cultures display low transepidermal water loss and possess a calcium and pH gradient that resembles those seen in human epidermis. These cultures upregulate glucosylceramide synthase and make normal-appearing lipid lamellar bilayers. The epidermal permeability barrier of these cultures can be perturbed, using the identical tools previously described for human skin, and recover in the same time course seen during in vivo barrier recovery. These cultures will be useful for basic and applied studies on epidermal barrier function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Sun
- 1 Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Veterans Administration Medical Center , San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
67
|
Dumont Y, Bastianetto S, Duranton A, Breton L, Quirion R. Immunohistochemical distribution of neuropeptide Y, peptide YY, pancreatic polypeptide-like immunoreactivity and their receptors in the epidermal skin of healthy women. Peptides 2015; 70:7-16. [PMID: 26002416 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have suggested that neuropeptide Y (NPY) could play an important role in skin functions. However, the expression of NPY, the related peptides, peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and their receptors have not been investigated in human skin. Using specific antisera directed against NPY, PYY, PP and the Y1, Y2, Y4 and Y5 receptor subtypes, we investigated here the expression of these markers. NPY-like immunoreactivity (ir) in the epidermal skin could not be detected. For the first time we report the presence of positive PP-like ir immunofluorescent signals in epidermal cells, i.e. keratinocytes of skin from three areas (abdomen, breast and face) obtained as surgical left-overs. The immunofluorescent signal of PP-like ir varies from very low to high level in all three areas. In contrast, PYY-like ir is only expressed in some cells and with varied level of intensity. Furthermore and for the first time we observed specific Y1 and Y4 receptor-like ir in all epidermal layers, while the Y2 and Y5 subtypes were absent. Interestingly, as seen in human epidermis, in Episkin, a reconstituted human epidermal layer, we detected the presence of PP-like as well as Y1-like and Y4-like ir. These data have shown the presence and distribution of PYY, PP and Y1 and Y4 receptors in the human skin and Episkin, suggesting possible novel roles of NPY related peptides and their receptors in skin homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Dumont
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada H4H 1R3
| | - Stéphane Bastianetto
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada H4H 1R3
| | | | | | - Rémi Quirion
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada H4H 1R3.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Ali N, Hosseini M, Vainio S, Taïeb A, Cario‐André M, Rezvani H. Skin equivalents: skin from reconstructions as models to study skin development and diseases. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:391-403. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Ali
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu Aapistie 5A 90220 Oulu Finland
- Inserm U 1035 33076 Bordeaux France
- Université de Bordeaux 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - M. Hosseini
- Inserm U 1035 33076 Bordeaux France
- Université de Bordeaux 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - S. Vainio
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu Aapistie 5A 90220 Oulu Finland
| | - A. Taïeb
- Inserm U 1035 33076 Bordeaux France
- Université de Bordeaux 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux France
- Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Rares de la Peau Bordeaux France
- Département de Dermatologie & Dermatologie Pédiatrique CHU de Bordeaux Bordeaux France
| | - M. Cario‐André
- Inserm U 1035 33076 Bordeaux France
- Université de Bordeaux 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux France
- Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Rares de la Peau Bordeaux France
| | - H.R. Rezvani
- Inserm U 1035 33076 Bordeaux France
- Université de Bordeaux 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux France
- Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Rares de la Peau Bordeaux France
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Amemiya T, Nakamura T, Yamamoto T, Kinoshita S, Kanamura N. Autologous transplantation of oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets cultured on an amniotic membrane substrate for intraoral mucosal defects. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125391. [PMID: 25915046 PMCID: PMC4410995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human amniotic membrane (AM) is a thin intrauterine placental membrane that is highly biocompatible and possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-scarring properties. Using AM, we developed a novel method for cultivating oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets. We investigated the autologous transplantation of oral mucosal epithelial cells cultured on AM in patients undergoing oral surgeries. We obtained specimens of AM from women undergoing cesarean sections. This study included five patients without any history of a medical disorder who underwent autologous cultured oral epithelial transplantation following oral surgical procedures. Using oral mucosal biopsy specimens obtained from these patients, we cultured oral epithelial cells on an AM carrier. We transplanted the resultant cell sheets onto the oral mucosal defects. Patients were followed-up for at least 12 months after transplantation. After 2–3 weeks of being cultured on AM, epithelial cells were well differentiated and had stratified into five to seven layers. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the cultured cells expressed highly specific mucosal epithelial cell markers and basement membrane proteins. After the surgical procedures, no infection, bleeding, rejection, or sheet detachment occurred at the reconstructed sites, at which new oral mucous membranes were evident. No recurrence was observed in the long-term follow-up, and the postoperative course was excellent. Our results suggest that AM-cultured oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets represent a useful biomaterial and feasible method for oral mucosal reconstruction. However, our primary clinical study only evaluated their effects on a limited number of small oral mucosal defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Amemiya
- Department of Dental Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Takahiro Nakamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
- Research Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiro Yamamoto
- Department of Dental Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kinoshita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Narisato Kanamura
- Department of Dental Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Orazizadeh M, Hashemitabar M, Bahramzadeh S, Dehbashi FN, Saremy S. Comparison of the enzymatic and explant methods for the culture of keratinocytes isolated from human foreskin. Biomed Rep 2015; 3:304-308. [PMID: 26137227 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, culture and growth keratinocytes are important stages in achieving a reliable and reproducible skin tissue. In the present study, two different methods, enzymatic and explant methods, for keratinocytes isolation from human foreskin were compared. Foreskins were cut into 2-3 mm pieces and placed in trypsin at 4°C overnight for separation of the epidermis from the dermis. Subsequently, these samples were divided into two groups: i) Keratinocytes separated from the epidermis by trypsin and ii) by the explant method. These keratinocytes were divided into two groups: i) With no feeder layer and ii) onto a type I collagen scaffold. The cells were evaluated using immunocytochemistry and 4',6-diamidine-2'-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) staining. In the enzymatic treatment, after 7-10 days no attached cells were found in the cell culture dishes. In the explant method, keratinocytes were separated after ~24 h, attached rapidly and formed big colonies into a collagen scaffold. In the absence of a feeder layer, small colonies were developed with rapid loss of proliferation within 2-3 days. Keratinocytes showed positive immunoreactivity for the pan-cytokeratin marker and keratinocytes' nuclei were clearly observed. This method could be applied and developed as a component of skin substitutes to treat burns and wounds and also in laboratory testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Orazizadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khuzestan 61357-15794, Iran ; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khuzestan 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hashemitabar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khuzestan 61357-15794, Iran ; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khuzestan 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Somayeh Bahramzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khuzestan 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Freshteh Nejad Dehbashi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khuzestan 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Sadegh Saremy
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Khuzestan 61357-15794, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Osman NI, Hillary C, Bullock AJ, MacNeil S, Chapple CR. Tissue engineered buccal mucosa for urethroplasty: progress and future directions. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 82-83:69-76. [PMID: 25451857 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autologous buccal mucosa is commonly utilized in the surgical treatment of urethral strictures. Extensive strictures require a larger quantity of tissue, which may lead to donor site morbidity. This review assesses progress in producing tissue engineered buccal mucosa as an alternative graft material. RESULTS Few clinical studies have introduced cells onto biological or synthetic scaffolds and implanted resulting constructs in patients. The available studies show that buccal mucosa cells on acellular human dermis or on collagen matrix lead to good acute stage tissue integration. Urothelial cells on a synthetic substrate also perform well. However while some patients do well many years post-grafting, others develop stricture recurrence. Acellular biomaterials used to treat long urethral defects in animals commonly lead to fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Tissue engineered buccal mucosa shows promise as a substitute for native tissue. The fibrosis which occurs months post-implantation may reflect the underlying disease process recurring in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N I Osman
- Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Department of Urology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - C Hillary
- Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Department of Urology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - A J Bullock
- Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - S MacNeil
- Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - C R Chapple
- Department of Urology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Hagi-Pavli E, Williams D, Rowland J, Thornhill M, Cruchley A. Characterizing the immunological effects of oral healthcare ingredients using an in vitro reconstructed human epithelial model. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 74:139-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
73
|
Guiraud B, Hernandez-Pigeon H, Ceruti I, Mas S, Palvadeau Y, Saint-Martory C, Castex-Rizzi N, Duplan H, Bessou-Touya S. Characterization of a human epidermis model reconstructed from hair follicle keratinocytes and comparison with two commercially models and native skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2014; 36:485-93. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Guiraud
- Département de Pharmacologie In Vitro; Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique; 3 Avenue Hubert Curien BP13562 Toulouse CEDEX 31035 France
| | - H. Hernandez-Pigeon
- Département de Pharmacologie In Vitro; Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique; 3 Avenue Hubert Curien BP13562 Toulouse CEDEX 31035 France
| | - I. Ceruti
- Département de Pharmacologie In Vitro; Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique; 3 Avenue Hubert Curien BP13562 Toulouse CEDEX 31035 France
| | - S. Mas
- Département de Pharmacologie In Vitro; Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique; 3 Avenue Hubert Curien BP13562 Toulouse CEDEX 31035 France
| | - Y. Palvadeau
- Département de Pharmacologie In Vitro; Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique; 3 Avenue Hubert Curien BP13562 Toulouse CEDEX 31035 France
| | - C. Saint-Martory
- Pole Recherche, Exploration, Développement Clinique; Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique; 2, Rue Viguerie 31025 Toulouse Cedex France
| | - N. Castex-Rizzi
- Département de Pharmacologie In Vitro; Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique; 3 Avenue Hubert Curien BP13562 Toulouse CEDEX 31035 France
| | - H. Duplan
- Département de Pharmacologie In Vitro; Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique; 3 Avenue Hubert Curien BP13562 Toulouse CEDEX 31035 France
| | - S. Bessou-Touya
- Département de Pharmacologie In Vitro; Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique; 3 Avenue Hubert Curien BP13562 Toulouse CEDEX 31035 France
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Alépée N, Robert C, Tornier C, Cotovio J. The usefulness of the validated SkinEthic™ RHE test method to identify skin corrosive UN GHS subcategories. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 28:616-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
75
|
Astashkina A, Grainger DW. Critical analysis of 3-D organoid in vitro cell culture models for high-throughput drug candidate toxicity assessments. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 69-70:1-18. [PMID: 24613390 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Drug failure due to toxicity indicators remains among the primary reasons for staggering drug attrition rates during clinical studies and post-marketing surveillance. Broader validation and use of next-generation 3-D improved cell culture models are expected to improve predictive power and effectiveness of drug toxicological predictions. However, after decades of promising research significant gaps remain in our collective ability to extract quality human toxicity information from in vitro data using 3-D cell and tissue models. Issues, challenges and future directions for the field to improve drug assay predictive power and reliability of 3-D models are reviewed.
Collapse
|
76
|
Jung KM, Lee SH, Jang WH, Jung HS, Heo Y, Park YH, Bae S, Lim KM, Seok SH. KeraSkin-VM: a novel reconstructed human epidermis model for skin irritation tests. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 28:742-50. [PMID: 24625437 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several alternative in vitro methods to evaluate skin irritants have been developed recently. In July 2010, OECD officially endorsed the validated reference method (VRM) that uses reconstituted human epidermis (RhE) models as replacements for the in vivo skin irritation test. This study evaluated the KeraSkin-VM model, a novel human epidermis model that was reconstructed with Asian skin tissue using 20 reference chemicals according to the OECD TG 439 performance standard. The test chemicals were applied to the epidermal surface side for 45 min and then rinsed, and then incubated for 42 h post-treatment. An overall accuracy of 80%, sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 70% were obtained when the results from KeraSkin-VM were compared with UN GHS categories, which was comparable to the EpiDerm Skin irritation test (SIT) rates. Furthermore, KeraSkin-VM demonstrated good performance in terms of within-laboratory reproducibility and predictive capacity to screen skin irritants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Mi Jung
- Amorepacific Co. R&D Center, Yongin 446-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyon Lee
- Modern Cell & Tissue Technologies Inc., Seoul 139-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Hee Jang
- Amorepacific Co. R&D Center, Yongin 446-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeng-Sun Jung
- Modern Cell & Tissue Technologies Inc., Seoul 139-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Heo
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Natural Sciences, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 712-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Park
- Amorepacific Co. R&D Center, Yongin 446-729, Republic of Korea
| | - SeungJin Bae
- College of Pharmacology, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-808, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacology, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-808, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Hyeok Seok
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical College, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Chopra A, Cevc G. Non-invasive, epicutaneous immunisation with toxoid in deformable vesicles protects mice against tetanus, chiefly owing to a Th2 response. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 56:55-64. [PMID: 24560940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A non-invasive, intra/transcutaneous immunisation of mice with a suitable combination of tetanus toxoid, ultradeformable vesicle (Transfersome®) carrier, and monophosphoryl lipid A adjuvant targets immuno-competent cells in a body and can protect 100% of the tested mice against an otherwise lethal (50×LD50) parenteral tetanus toxin challenge. The late immune response to the epicutaneously applied tetanus toxoid in such vesicles consists chiefly of circulating IgG1 and IgG2b antibody isotypes, indicative of a specific Th2 cellular response bias. Immunisations by subcutaneous injections moreover protect 100% of mice against a similar, otherwise lethal, dose of tetanus toxin. However, the immune response to transcutaneous and invasive immunisation differs. The latter elicits mainly IgG1 and IgG2b as well as IgG2a antibody isotypes, indicative of a mixed Th1/Th2 response. The cytokine response of the intra/transcutaneously and subcutaneously immunised mice reflects the difference in the organ-specific manner. IFN-γ concentration is appreciably increased in the draining lymph nodes and IL-10 in spleen. Since tetanus is a neutral antigen, both the Th1-specific IFN-γ and the Th-2 specific-IL-10 are observable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amla Chopra
- Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra 282 005, India.
| | - Gregor Cevc
- The Advanced Treatments Institute, Tassilostr. 3, 82131 Gauting, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Mimoso C, Lee DD, Zavadil J, Tomic-Canic M, Blumenberg M. Analysis and meta-analysis of transcriptional profiling in human epidermis. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1195:61-97. [PMID: 24297317 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2013_60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Because of its accessibility, skin has been among the first organs analyzed using DNA microarrays; psoriasis, melanomas, carcinomas, chronic wounds, and responses of epidermal keratinocytes in culture have been intensely investigated. Skin has everything: stem cells, differentiation, signaling, inflammation, hereditary diseases, etc. Here we provide step-by-step instructions for bioinformatics analysis of transcriptional profiling of skin. We also present methods for meta-analysis of transcription profiles from multiple contributors, available in public data repositories. Specifically, we describe the use of GCOS and RMAExpress programs for initial normalization and selection of differentially expressed genes and RankProd for meta-analysis of multiple related studies. We also describe DAVID and Lists2Networks programs for annotation of genes, and for statistically relevant identification of over- and underrepresented functional and biological categories in identified gene sets, as well as oPOSSUM for analysis of transcription factor binding sites in the promoter regions of gene sets. This work can serve as a primer for researchers embarking on skinomics, the comprehensive analysis of transcriptional changes in skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mimoso
- The RO Perelman Department of Dermatology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Medical Center, NYU Cancer Institute, 455 First Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
79
|
De Vuyst E, Charlier C, Giltaire S, De Glas V, de Rouvroit CL, Poumay Y. Reconstruction of normal and pathological human epidermis on polycarbonate filter. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1195:191-201. [PMID: 24155233 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2013_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This chapter provides methods suitable for the culture of primary human keratinocytes in serum-free culture conditions, starting from very small skin biopsies. It also explains procedures required for reconstruction of a stratified epidermis on polycarbonate filter, starting from keratinocytes cultured in serum-free conditions. Tissues reconstructed according to this method have been proven suitable for characterization of epidermal morphogenesis and for in vitro studies of the epidermal barrier. Utilization of the same method for successful isolation of keratinocytes from a patient suffering from Darier's disease and the reconstruction of a pathological epidermis which displays the same histological features as in vivo are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne De Vuyst
- Cell and Tissue Laboratory, URPHYM, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
80
|
Lemper M, De Paepe K, Rogiers V. Practical problems encountered during the cultivation of an open-source reconstructed human epidermis model on a polycarbonate membrane and protein quantification. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2013; 27:106-12. [PMID: 24335349 DOI: 10.1159/000351814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During recent years, the importance of in vitro technology in skin research has increased significantly. A variety of skin culture models have been developed and commercialized. In this respect, the availability of reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) equivalents represents a significant improvement compared to the use of monolayer cultures. However, when an in-house RHE model is being developed, researchers might encounter some difficulties during cultivation. The scope of this paper is to report our experiences and practical problems with the development of a three-dimensional RHE model cultured on a polycarbonate membrane. Some important issues including cell density, the use of lysing enzymes, culture media, cell storage and viability, cell confluency and protein extraction are reported and optional solutions are given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Lemper
- Department of Toxicology, Dermato-Cosmetology and Pharmacognosy, Center for Pharmaceutical Research, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
81
|
Ahn JH, Eum KH, Lee M. Assessment of the dermal and ocular irritation potential of lomefloxacin by using in vitro methods. Toxicol Res 2013; 26:9-14. [PMID: 24278500 PMCID: PMC3834462 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2010.26.1.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of eye and skin irritation potential is essential to ensuring the safety of human in contact with a wide variety of substances. Despite this importance of irritation test, little is known with respect to the irritation potency of lomefloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, which has been known to cause phototoxicity with an abnormal reaction of the skin. Thus, to investigate the tendency of lomefloxacin to cause eye and skin irritation, we carried out in vitro eye irritation test using Balb/c 3T3, and in vitro skin irritation test using KeraSkinTM human skin model system. 3T3 neutral red uptake assay has been proposed as a potential replacement alternative for the Draize Eye irritation test. In this study, the IC50 value obtained for lomefloxacin was 375 μg. According to the classification model used for determining in vitro categories, lomefloxacin was classified as moderately irritant. For evaluation of skin irritation, engineered epidermal equivalents (KeraSkinTM) were subjected to 10 and 25 mg of lomefloxacin for 15 minutes. Tissue damage was assessed by tissue viability evaluation, and by the release of a pro-inflammatory mediator, interleukin-1α. Lomefloxacin increased the interleukin-1α release after 15 minutes of exposure and 42 hours of post incubation, although no decrease in viability was observed. Therefore, lomefloxacin is considered to be moderately irritant to skin and eye.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ho Ahn
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Incheon, Incheon 406-772, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Devappa RK, Roach JS, Makkar HPS, Becker K. Occular and dermal toxicity of Jatropha curcas phorbol esters. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 94:172-178. [PMID: 23706600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Jatropha curcas seeds are a promising feedstock for biodiesel production. However, Jatropha seed oil and other plant parts are toxic due to the presence of phorbol esters (PEs). The ever-increasing cultivation of toxic genotype of J. curcas runs the risk of increased human exposure to Jatropha products. In the present study, effects of J. curcas oil (from both toxic and nontoxic genotypes), purified PEs-rich extract and purified PEs (factors C1, C2, C(3mixture), (C4+C5)) on reconstituted human epithelium (RHE) and human corneal epithelium (HCE) were evaluated in vitro. The PEs were purified from toxic Jatropha oil. In both RHE and HCE, the topical application of PEs containing samples produced severe cellular alterations such as marked oedema, presence of less viable cell layers, necrosis and/or partial tissue disintegration in epithelium and increased inflammatory response (interleukin-1α and prostaglandin E2). When compared to toxic oil, histological alterations and inflammatory response were less evident (P<0.05) in nontoxic oil indicating the severity of toxicity was due to PEs. Conclusively, topical applications of Jatropha PEs are toxic towards RHE and HCE models, which represents dermal and occular toxicity respectively. Data obtained from this study would aid in the development of safety procedures for Jatropha biodiesel industries. It is advised to use protective gloves and glasses when handling PEs containing Jatropha products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakshit K Devappa
- Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics (480b), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Frankart A, Malaisse J, De Vuyst E, Minner F, de Rouvroit CL, Poumay Y. Epidermal morphogenesis during progressive in vitro 3D reconstruction at the air-liquid interface. Exp Dermatol 2013; 21:871-5. [PMID: 23163654 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocyte monolayers, cultured in immersed conditions, constitute a frequently used in vitro model system to study keratinocytes behaviour in response to environmental assaults. However, monolayers lack the keratinocyte terminal differentiation and the organization of the epidermal tissue, which are observed in vivo. Advancements of in vitro techniques were used to reconstruct three-dimensional equivalents that mimic human epidermis in terms of layering, differentiation and barrier function. Here, we update a published method and illustrate the progressive morphogenesis responsible for in vitro reconstruction. The analysis of cell proliferation, expression of differentiation markers and barrier efficacy demonstrate the excellent similarity of the reconstructed tissue with normal human epidermis. Availability of epidermal tissue during its reconstruction phase in culture appears crucial for studies intending to challenge the barrier function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Frankart
- Research Unit for Molecular Physiology, Cell and Tissue Laboratory, NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
84
|
Molinari J, Eskes C, Andres E, Remoué N, Sá-Rocha V, Hurtado S, Barrichello C. Improved procedures for in vitro skin irritation testing of sticky and greasy natural botanicals. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:441-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
85
|
Elbayed K, Berl V, Debeuckelaere C, Moussallieh FM, Piotto M, Namer IJ, Lepoittevin JP. HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy of Reconstructed Human Epidermis: Potential for the in Situ Investigation of the Chemical Interactions between Skin Allergens and Nucleophilic Amino Acids. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:136-45. [DOI: 10.1021/tx300428u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Elbayed
- Institute of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Berl
- Institute of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Camille Debeuckelaere
- Institute of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - François-Marie Moussallieh
- Institute of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Strasbourg University Hospital, 67098 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Izzie-Jacques Namer
- Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Strasbourg University Hospital, 67098 Strasbourg, France
- Institute of Biological Physics, Faculty of Medicine, LINC/CNRS UMR 7237 and University of Strasbourg, 67085 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Lepoittevin
- Institute of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177 and University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Ward RK, Hubbard AW, Sulley H, Garle MJ, Clothier RH. Human keratinocyte cultures in an in vitro approach for the assessment of surfactant-induced irritation. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 12:163-73. [PMID: 20654397 DOI: 10.1016/s0887-2333(97)00098-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/1997] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A specific, mechanistic, in vitro approach for the assessment of human skin irritation potential is outlined for the evaluation of surfactants and the results compared with in vivo human patch test data. The level of free available surfactant monomer and the solubilization of the corn protein zein in vitro were confirmed to be related to surfactant in vivo human skin irritation potential. In vitro cytotoxicity to monolayer keratinocyte cultures could not discriminate between the moderate human skin irritant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and the mild irritants cocamidopropylbetaine (CA) and Polysorbate 20 (P20). An in vitro stratified differentiated human epidermal equivalent (HEE) exhibited reduced cytotoxicity to the test chemicals, compared with monolayer culture responses, and was able to discriminate between the toxic potential of SDS and CA. Stimulation of interleukin-1alpha release from the A431 human keratinocyte cell line reflected in vivo erythema scores more closely than cytotoxic potential, and coincided with nitric oxide production by macrophages upon exposure to A431-conditioned medium. Combination of these mechanistic assays has allowed a profile of likely in vivo human responses to be approximated. Additional knowledge of skin penetrability and rate of recovery from toxic damage would affirm these predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R K Ward
- FRAME Alternatives Laboratory, School of Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
87
|
Doucet O, Robert C, Zastrow L. Use of a serum-free reconstituted epidermis as a skin pharmacological model. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 10:305-13. [PMID: 20650210 DOI: 10.1016/0887-2333(96)00011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/1995] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed at assessing some of the possibilities offered by a new kind of three-dimensional skin culture in the field of toxicity and skin inflammation. The Reconstituted Epidermis used is presently the only skin model on the market in which normal human keratinocytes are allowed to grow and to differentiate in a chemically defined culture medium. The response of this original tissue to chemical (anionic and cationic surfactants) and physical (UVB radiation) insults was compared with human keratinocytes in monolayer culture and assessed through histological analysis, cell viability quantification and interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) release measurement. For the surfactants and the UVB radiation a clear relationship was shown between the amount of IL-1alpha released and both the cell viability and the histological appearance of the skin. Sublethal doses of UV radiation induced exclusively an increase of intracellular amount of IL-1alpha, the magnitude of which seemed to be time dependent. The irritating potential of various kinds of cosmetic creams was then assessed using this skin model and compared with human irritation data. The intensity of erythema and oedema induced by a 48-hr human patch test was consistent with the amount of IL-1alpha secreted in the medium, the histological appearance of the Reconstituted Epidermis and the cell viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Doucet
- Lancaster Group-Benckiser Cosmetics, International Research Center, BP 669 Monaco 98014 MC UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
88
|
Pappinen S, Pryazhnikov E, Khiroug L, Ericson MB, Yliperttula M, Urtti A. Organotypic cell cultures and two-photon imaging: Tools for in vitro and in vivo assessment of percutaneous drug delivery and skin toxicity. J Control Release 2012; 161:656-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
89
|
Dell'Anna ML, Cario-André M, Bellei B, Taieb A, Picardo M. In vitro research on vitiligo: strategies, principles, methodological options and common pitfalls. Exp Dermatol 2012; 21:490-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2012.01506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muriel Cario-André
- Inserm U 876 and National Reference Centre for Rare Skin Diseases; Bordeaux University Hospitals; Bordeaux; France
| | | | - Alain Taieb
- Inserm U 876 and National Reference Centre for Rare Skin Diseases; Bordeaux University Hospitals; Bordeaux; France
| | | |
Collapse
|
90
|
A critical evaluation of in vitro cell culture models for high-throughput drug screening and toxicity. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 134:82-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
91
|
Shakesheff KM, Rose FRAJ. Tissue engineering in the development of replacement technologies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 745:47-57. [PMID: 22437812 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3055-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering is generating new scaffolds, bioreactors and methods for stimulating cells within complex cultures, with the aim of recreating the conditions under which cells form functional tissues. Hitherto, the primary focus of this field has been on clinical applications. However, there are many methods of in vitro tissue engineering that represent new opportunities in 3D cell culture and could be the basis for new replacement methods that either replace the use of a tissue isolated from an animal or the use of a living animal. This chapter presents an overview of tissue engineering and provides tissue-specific examples of recent advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Shakesheff
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling, Centre Biomolecular for Studies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
92
|
Paz AC, Javaherian S, McGuigan AP. Tools for micropatterning epithelial cells into microcolonies on transwell filter substrates. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:3440-3448. [PMID: 21860858 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20506d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of epithelial tissue in most major organs there have been limited attempts to tissue engineer artificial epithelium. A key feature of mature epithelium is the presence of an apical-basal polarization, which develops over 7-20 days in culture. Currently, the most widely used 2D system to generate polarized epithelium in vitro involves the filter insert culture system, however this system is expensive, laborious and requires large numbers of cells per sample. We have developed a set of micropatterning techniques to spatially control the organization of epithelial cells into microsheets on filter inserts under the culture conditions necessary to induce epithelial cell polarization. Micropatterning improves cell uniformity within each microsheet, allows multiple sheet analysis on one filter insert, and reduced cell number requirements. We describe an agarose patterning method that allows maintenance of cell patterns for over 15 days, the time necessary to induce apical-basal polarization. We also describe a Parafilm™ patterning method that allows patterning for 5 to 15 days depending on cell type and only allows the generation of stripes and circular microsheets. The parafilm™ method however is extremely straightforward and could be easily adopted by any laboratory without the need of access to specialized microfabrication equipment. We also demonstrate that micropatterning epithelial cells does not alter the localization of the apical-basal marker ZO-1 or the formation of cilia, a marker of epithelium maturation. Our methods provide a novel tool for studying epithelial biology in polarized epithelium microsheets of controlled size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Paz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
93
|
Oshima T, Gedda K, Koseki J, Chen X, Husmark J, Watari J, Miwa H, Pierrou S. Establishment of esophageal-like non-keratinized stratified epithelium using normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2011; 300:C1422-9. [PMID: 21307344 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00376.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Current experimental models of esophageal epithelium in vitro suffer from either poor differentiation or complicated culture systems. We have established a model to study stratified squamous epithelium in vitro, which is very similar to esophageal epithelium in vivo. A stratified squamous multilayer epithelium was formed by seeding primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells onto collagen- and fibronectin-coated trans-well inserts and then cultivating the cells under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions in the presence of growth factors and low levels of all-trans-retinoic acid. Trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements revealed the presence of a tight barrier, previously only achievable with esophageal biopsies mounted in Ussing chambers. Molecular markers for desmosomes, cornified envelope, tight junctions, and mature esophageal epithelium were upregulated in the differentiating culture in parallel with functional properties, such as decreased permeability and acid resistance and restoration. Acid exposure resulted in a decrease in TEER, but following 1-h recovery the TEER values were fully restored. Treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid decreased TEER and inhibited the recovery after acid challenge. PPAR-delta agonist treatment increased TEER, and this temporary increase in TEER was consistent with an increase in involucrin mRNA. Global gene expression analysis showed that ALI-differentiated NHBE cells had expression profiles more similar to epithelial biopsies from the esophageal tissue of healthy volunteers than to any other cell line. With respect to morphology, molecular markers, barrier properties, and acid resistance, this model presents a new way to investigate barrier properties and the possible effects of different agents on human esophagus-like epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadayuki Oshima
- Division of Upper Gastroenterology, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
94
|
Assessment of the dermal and ocular irritation potential of alcohol hand sanitizers containing aloe vera with in vitro and in vivo methods. Mol Cell Toxicol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-010-0053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
95
|
Laubach V, Zöller N, Rossberg M, Görg K, Kippenberger S, Bereiter-Hahn J, Kaufmann R, Bernd A. Integration of Langerhans-like cells into a human skin equivalent. Arch Dermatol Res 2010; 303:135-9. [PMID: 21069532 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-010-1092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies regarding cellular interactions between Langerhans cells and other skin cells are somehow hampered by the difficult cultivation of these cells in vitro. Here, we show that the human MUTZ-3 cell line can be differentiated into Langerhans-like cells in the presence of a cytokine cocktail including GM-CSF, TGF-β1 and TNF-α. We used the expression of langerin, CD1a, CCR6 and the intracellular presence of Birbeck granules to identify the differentiated MUTZ-3 cells (MUTZ-3-LCs). The aim of this study was to integrate MUTZ-3-LCs into a three-dimensional full-thickness skin model. On top of fibroblast-containing collagen matrix a mixture of primary human keratinocytes and MUTZ-3-LCs were seeded and cultured for 24 h. Subsequently, the models were lifted up to the air-liquid interface. Histological evaluation featured a fully stratified epidermis with all characteristic epidermal strata. Langerin-positive cells were detected suprabasally within the epidermis indicating that keratinocytes provide environmental conditions for long-time maintenance of MUTZ-3-LCs. These skin models provide a tool to further investigate the interactions between Langerhans-like cells and other skin cells and particularly learn more about the cutaneous immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vesselina Laubach
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
96
|
Ganor Y, Zhou Z, Tudor D, Schmitt A, Vacher-Lavenu MC, Gibault L, Thiounn N, Tomasini J, Wolf JP, Bomsel M. Within 1 h, HIV-1 uses viral synapses to enter efficiently the inner, but not outer, foreskin mucosa and engages Langerhans-T cell conjugates. Mucosal Immunol 2010; 3:506-22. [PMID: 20571487 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2010.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although circumcision reduces male acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) by 60%, the initial mechanisms of HIV-1 transmission at the foreskin remain elusive. We have established two novel and complementary models of the human adult foreskin epithelium, namely, ex vivo foreskin explants and in vitro reconstructed immunocompetent foreskins. In these models, efficient HIV-1 transmission occurs after 1 h of polarized exposure of the inner, but not outer, foreskin to mononuclear cells highly infected with HIV-1, but not to cell-free virus. HIV-1-infected cells form viral synapses with apical foreskin keratinocytes, leading to polarized budding of HIV-1, which is rapidly internalized by Langerhans cells (LCs) in the inner foreskin. In turn, LCs migrate toward the epidermis-dermis interface to form conjugates with T cells, thereby transferring HIV-1. Seminal plasma mixed with cervicovaginal secretions inhibits HIV-1 translocation. This set of results rationalizes at the cellular level the apparent protective outcome of circumcision against HIV-1 acquisition by men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Ganor
- Mucosal Entry of HIV-1 and Mucosal Immunity, Cell Biology and Host Pathogen Interactions Department, Cochin Institute, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
97
|
Tornier C, Roquet M, Fraissinette ADBD. Adaptation of the validated SkinEthic™ Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) skin corrosion test method to 0.5cm2 tissue sample. Toxicol In Vitro 2010; 24:1379-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Revised: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 05/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
98
|
Picerno P, Mencherini T, Della Loggia R, Meloni M, Sanogo R, Aquino RP. An extract of Lannea microcarpa: composition, activity and evaluation of cutaneous irritation in cell cultures and reconstituted human epidermis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 58:981-8. [PMID: 16805959 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.58.7.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Lannea microcarpa (Anacardiaceae) is a tropical tree used in African folk medicine and commercial dermopharmaceutical formulations. Fractionation and analysis of its polar extract allowed the identification of 4′-methoxy-myricetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, vitexin, isovitexin, gallic acid and epi-catechin, as the major constituents. In-vivo assay (the croton oil ear test in mice) showed that the extract had significant anti-inflammatory effect (ID50 = 900 μg cm2) but ten times lower than that of indometacin (ID50 = 93 μg cm2), the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used as reference. Cytotoxicity and cutaneous irritation of the extract and its constituents were investigated. The crude extract and its major components did not affect cell viability in-vitro either in three different cultures (J774.A1, WEHI-164 and HEK-293) of cells grown in monolayers or in the reconstituted human epidermis (RHE, 3D model), nor did they cause release of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1α) or histomorphological modification of RHE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Picerno
- School of Pharmacy and Master in Cosmetic Science and Technology, University of Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
99
|
A catch-up validation study on reconstructed human epidermis (SkinEthic™ RHE) for full replacement of the Draize skin irritation test. Toxicol In Vitro 2010; 24:257-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
100
|
Tornier C, Amsellem C, Fraissinette ADBD, Alépée N. Assessment of the optimized SkinEthic™ Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) 42 bis skin irritation protocol over 39 test substances. Toxicol In Vitro 2010; 24:245-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Revised: 08/25/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|