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Wu L, Chen L, Li H, Wang Y, Xu K, Chen W, Zhang A, Wang Y, Shi C. Nocardia rubra cell-wall skeleton mitigates whole abdominal irradiation-induced intestinal injury via regulating macrophage function. BURNS & TRAUMA 2024; 12:tkad045. [PMID: 38444637 PMCID: PMC10914217 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Ionizing radiation (IR)-induced intestinal injury is a major side effect and dose-limiting toxicity in patients receiving radiotherapy. There is an urgent need to identify an effective and safe radioprotectant to reduce radiation-induced intestinal injury. Immunoregulation is considered an effective strategy against IR-induced injury. The purpose of this article was to investigate the protective effect of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (Nr-CWS), an immunomodulator, on radiation-induced intestinal damage and to explore its potential mechanism. Methods C57BL/6 J male mice exposed to 12 Gy whole abdominal irradiation (WAI) were examined for survival rate, morphology and function of the intestine and spleen, as well as the gut microbiota, to comprehensively evaluate the therapeutic effects of Nr-CWS on radiation-induced intestinal and splenetic injury. To further elucidate the underlying mechanisms of Nr-CWS-mediated intestinal protection, macrophages were depleted by clodronate liposomes to determine whether Nr-CWS-induced radioprotection is macrophage dependent, and the function of peritoneal macrophages stimulated by Nr-CWS was detected in vitro. Results Our data showed that Nr-CWS promoted the recovery of intestinal barrier function, enhanced leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5+ intestinal stem cell survival and the regeneration of intestinal epithelial cells, maintained intestinal flora homeostasis, protected spleen morphology and function, and improved the outcome of mice exposed to 12 Gy WAI. Mechanistic studies indicated that Nr-CWS recruited macrophages to reduce WAI-induced intestinal damage. Moreover, macrophage depletion by clodronate liposomes blocked Nr-CWS-induced radioprotection. In vitro, we found that Nr-CWS activated the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway and promoted the phagocytosis and migration ability of peritoneal macrophages. Conclusions Our study suggests the therapeutic effect of Nr-CWS on radiation-induced intestinal injury, and provides possible therapeutic strategy and potential preventive and therapeutic drugs to alleviate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Kexin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China
- College of Biological Engineering, Chongqing University 400044, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanchao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China
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Chaklai A, O’Neil A, Goel S, Margolies N, Krenik D, Perez R, Kessler K, Staltontall E, Yoon HK(E, Pantoja M, Stagaman K, Kasschau K, Unni V, Duvoisin R, Sharpton T, Raber J. Effects of Paraquat, Dextran Sulfate Sodium, and Irradiation on Behavioral and Cognitive Performance and the Gut Microbiome in A53T and A53T-L444P Mice. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:282. [PMID: 38540341 PMCID: PMC11154584 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous carriers of the glucocerebrosidase 1 (GBA) L444P Gaucher mutation have an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD). The GBA mutations result in elevated alpha synuclein (aSyn) levels. Heterozygous mice carrying one allele with the L444P mutation knocked-into the mouse gene show increased aSyn levels and are more sensitive to motor deficits following exposure to the neurotoxin (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) MPTP than wild-type mice. Paraquat (PQ), a herbicide, increases PD risk in most studies. Its effects on the brain involve alterations in the gut microbiome. Exposure to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), a mouse model of colitis, can be used to determine whether gut microbiome alterations are sufficient to induce PD-relevant phenotypes. We rederived the A53T-L444P and A53T mouse lines to assess whether PQ, PQ in combination with radiation exposure (IR), and DSS have differential effects in A53T and A53T-L444P mice and whether these effects are associated with alterations in the gut microbiome. PQ and PQ + IR have differential effects in A53T and A53T-L444P mice. In contrast, effects of DSS are only seen in A53T-L444P mice. Exposure and genotype modulate the relationship between the gut microbiome and behavioral performance. The gut microbiome may be an important mediator of how environmental exposures or genetic mutations yield behavioral and cognitive impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Chaklai
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Abigail O’Neil
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Shrey Goel
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Nick Margolies
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Destine Krenik
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Ruby Perez
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Kat Kessler
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Elizabeth Staltontall
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Hong Ki (Eric) Yoon
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Montzerrat Pantoja
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Keaton Stagaman
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.S.); (K.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Kristin Kasschau
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.S.); (K.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Vivek Unni
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA;
- Jungers Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Robert Duvoisin
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA;
| | - Thomas Sharpton
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.S.); (K.K.); (T.S.)
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.C.); (A.O.); (S.G.); (N.M.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.K.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA;
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Liu X, Zhang H, Shi G, Zheng X, Chang J, Lin Q, Tian Z, Yang H. The impact of gut microbial signals on hematopoietic stem cells and the bone marrow microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1338178. [PMID: 38415259 PMCID: PMC10896826 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1338178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo self-renewal and differentiation in the bone marrow, which is tightly regulated by cues from the microenvironment. The gut microbiota, a dynamic community residing on the mucosal surface of vertebrates, plays a crucial role in maintaining host health. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota influences HSCs differentiation by modulating the bone marrow microenvironment through microbial products. This paper comprehensively analyzes the impact of the gut microbiota on hematopoiesis and its effect on HSCs fate and differentiation by modifying the bone marrow microenvironment, including mechanical properties, inflammatory signals, bone marrow stromal cells, and metabolites. Furthermore, we discuss the involvement of the gut microbiota in the development of hematologic malignancies, such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiru Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guolin Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinmin Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Medical Service, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quande Lin
- Medical Service, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenhao Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
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Ruprecht NA, Singhal S, Schaefer K, Panda O, Sens D, Singhal SK. A Review: Multi-Omics Approach to Studying the Association between Ionizing Radiation Effects on Biological Aging. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:98. [PMID: 38392316 PMCID: PMC10886797 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Multi-omics studies have emerged as powerful tools for tailoring individualized responses to various conditions, capitalizing on genome sequencing technologies' increasing affordability and efficiency. This paper delves into the potential of multi-omics in deepening our understanding of biological age, examining the techniques available in light of evolving technology and computational models. The primary objective is to review the relationship between ionizing radiation and biological age, exploring a wide array of functional, physiological, and psychological parameters. This comprehensive review draws upon an extensive range of sources, including peer-reviewed journal articles, government documents, and reputable websites. The literature review spans from fundamental insights into radiation effects to the latest developments in aging research. Ionizing radiation exerts its influence through direct mechanisms, notably single- and double-strand DNA breaks and cross links, along with other critical cellular events. The cumulative impact of DNA damage forms the foundation for the intricate process of natural aging, intersecting with numerous diseases and pivotal biomarkers. Furthermore, there is a resurgence of interest in ionizing radiation research from various organizations and countries, reinvigorating its importance as a key contributor to the study of biological age. Biological age serves as a vital reference point for the monitoring and mitigation of the effects of various stressors, including ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation emerges as a potent candidate for modeling the separation of biological age from chronological age, offering a promising avenue for tailoring protocols across diverse fields, including the rigorous demands of space exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Ruprecht
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Sonalika Singhal
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Kalli Schaefer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Om Panda
- Department of Public Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Donald Sens
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Sandeep K Singhal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
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Guan D, Yang Y, Pang M, Liu X, Li Y, Huang P, Shang H, Wei H, Ye Z. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde ameliorates ionizing radiation-induced hematopoietic injury by enhancing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell quiescence. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:313-323. [PMID: 37067732 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A), one of tryptophan metabolites derived from gut microbiota, extends the lifespan of mice after high-dose ionizing radiation exposure. Persistent myelosuppression is the most common and fatal complication for victims of nuclear accidents and patients undergoing radiotherapy, with few therapeutic options available. However, whether and how I3A protects ionizing radiation-induced hematopoietic toxicity remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that I3A treatment effectively ameliorated radiation-induced hematopoietic injury through accelerating peripheral blood cells recovery, promoting bone marrow cellularity restoration and enhancing functional HSPC regeneration. Additionally, I3A also suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species production and inhibited apoptosis in irradiated HSPCs. Mechanistically, I3A treatment significantly increased HSPC quiescence, thus conferring HSPCs with resistance against radiation injury. Finally, I3A treatment could improve survival of lethally irradiated mice. Taken together, our data suggest that I3A acts as a gut microbiota-derived paracrine factor that regulates HSPC regeneration and may serve as a promising therapeutic agent for ionizing radiation-induced myelosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Guan
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Yonghao Yang
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Mao Pang
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xinlei Liu
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Pengju Huang
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Haitao Shang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Zhijia Ye
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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56
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Wang W, Cui B, Nie Y, Sun L, Zhang F. Radiation injury and gut microbiota-based treatment. Protein Cell 2024; 15:83-97. [PMID: 37470727 PMCID: PMC10833463 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The exposure to either medical sources or accidental radiation can cause varying degrees of radiation injury (RI). RI is a common disease involving multiple human body parts and organs, yet effective treatments are currently limited. Accumulating evidence suggests gut microbiota are closely associated with the development and prevention of various RI. This article summarizes 10 common types of RI and their possible mechanisms. It also highlights the changes and potential microbiota-based treatments for RI, including probiotics, metabolites, and microbiota transplantation. Additionally, a 5P-Framework is proposed to provide a comprehensive strategy for managing RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Wang
- Department of Microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
- Department of Microbiotherapy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Bota Cui
- Department of Microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
- Department of Microbiotherapy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Faming Zhang
- Department of Microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
- Department of Microbiotherapy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xi’an 710032, China
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Wu J, Ran X, Wang T, Xiong K, Long S, Hao Y, Wang P, Wang A. Enteric α-Defensin Contributes to Recovery of Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites. Radiat Res 2024; 201:160-173. [PMID: 38124379 DOI: 10.1667/rade-23-00071.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ionizing radiation on the gastrointestinal tract is a common complication of abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy. However, the pathological features of radiation enteropathy and its effective medical intervention regimen is still a global challenge. Here, we explored the role and mechanism of enteric alpha-defensins (EαDs) in protecting against radiation enteropathy. To address this, we utilized EαDs-deficiency mice, in which the matrix metallopeptidase 7 to activate Paneth cell α-defensins was knockout (KO) mice, and the complementary wild-type (WT) control mice for this study. Remarkably, the KO mice were more susceptible to 5.0 Gy total-body irradiation, resulting in worse clinic scores and lower survival rate, compared with the wild-type mice. Histological examination indicated that the KO mice were subjected to slow recovery of intestinal villus and mucosa function, characterized by the reduced expression of TFF3, Glut1 and Muc2. In addition, compared with the wild-type controls, the KO mice experienced serious inflammation response in intestinal tissue, indicated by the remarkably increased expression level of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12. Using high-throughput sequencing analysis, we found that the intestinal bacterial community of the KO mice was more prone to dysbiosis than that of the WT mice, with significantly increased abundance of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus sp. and Escherichia-Shigella sp., whereas remarkably decreased probiotics harboring Lactobacillus sp., Desulfovibrio sp. etc. Fecal metabolomics analysis indicated that the relative abundance of 31 metabolites arose significantly different between WT and KO mice on day 10 after radiation exposure. A subset of differential metabolites to regulate host metabolism and immunity, such as acetic acid, acetate, butanoic acid, was negatively correlated with the alteration of gut microbiota in the irradiated KO mice. This study provides new insight into EαDs contribution to the recovery of radiation-induced intestinal damage, and suggests a potential novel target to prevent the adverse effects of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Department of Frigid Zone Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xi Ran
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Frigid Zone Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuang Long
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuhui Hao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University
| | - Aiping Wang
- Department of Frigid Zone Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400038, China
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Yarahmadi A, Afkhami H. The role of microbiomes in gastrointestinal cancers: new insights. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1344328. [PMID: 38361500 PMCID: PMC10867565 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1344328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers constitute more than 33% of new cancer cases worldwide and pose a considerable burden on public health. There exists a growing body of evidence that has systematically recorded an upward trajectory in GI malignancies within the last 5 to 10 years, thus presenting a formidable menace to the health of the human population. The perturbations in GI microbiota may have a noteworthy influence on the advancement of GI cancers; however, the precise mechanisms behind this association are still not comprehensively understood. Some bacteria have been observed to support cancer development, while others seem to provide a safeguard against it. Recent studies have indicated that alterations in the composition and abundance of microbiomes could be associated with the progression of various GI cancers, such as colorectal, gastric, hepatic, and esophageal cancers. Within this comprehensive analysis, we examine the significance of microbiomes, particularly those located in the intestines, in GI cancers. Furthermore, we explore the impact of microbiomes on various treatment modalities for GI cancer, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy. Additionally, we delve into the intricate mechanisms through which intestinal microbes influence the efficacy of GI cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Yarahmadi
- Department of Biology, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang H, Dong M, Zheng J, Yang Y, He J, Liu T, Wei H. Fecal bacteria-free filtrate transplantation is proved as an effective way for the recovery of radiation-induced individuals in mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1343752. [PMID: 38357210 PMCID: PMC10864540 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1343752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ionizing radiation can cause intestinal microecological dysbiosis, resulting in changes in the composition and function of gut microbiota. Altered gut microbiota is closely related to the development and progression of radiation-induced intestinal damage. Although microbiota-oriented therapeutic options such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have shown some efficacy in treating radiation toxicity, safety concerns endure. Therefore, fecal bacteria-free filtrate transplantation (FFT), which has the potential to become a possible alternative therapy, is well worth investigating. Herein, we performed FFT in a mouse model of radiation exposure and monitored its effects on radiation damage phenotypes, gut microbiota, and metabolomic profiles to assess the effectiveness of FFT as an alternative therapy to FMT safety concerns. Results FFT treatment conferred radioprotection against radiation-induced toxicity, representing as better intestinal integrity, robust proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines homeostasis, and accompanied by significant shifts in gut microbiome. The bacterial compartment of recipients following FFT was characterized by an enrichment of radioprotective microorganisms (members of family Lachnospiraceae). Furthermore, metabolome data revealed increased levels of microbially generated short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces of FFT mice. Conclusions FFT improves radiation-induced intestinal microecological dysbiosis by reshaping intestinal mucosal barrier function, gut microbiota configurations, and host metabolic profiles, highlighting FFT regimen as a promising safe alternative therapy for FMT is effective in the treatment of radiation intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Miaomiao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jixia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yapeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhui He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianhao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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60
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Chen YF, Li SC, Huang EY. Role of microbiota in radiation-induced small-bowel damage. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2024; 65:55-62. [PMID: 37996087 PMCID: PMC10803162 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced gastrointestinal damage is a common acute radiation syndrome. Previous studies have highlighted that Galectin-1 and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) are associated with flaking of small intestinal villi and intestinal radioresistance. Therefore, our goal is to study whether gut bacteria regulated by galectin-1 or IL-6 can mitigate radiation-induced small intestine damage. In this study, differences between galectin-1, sgp130-regulated and wild-type (WT) mice were analyzed by microbiome array. The effects of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and the proportion of bacterial distribution at the phylum level were observed after 18 Gy whole abdomen radiation. Fecal microbiota transplantation was used to implant radioresistant gut flora into WT mice, and the number of viable small intestinal crypt foci was observed by immunohistochemistry. Fecal transplantation from galectin-1 knockout and sgp130 transgenic mice, with higher radiation resistance, into WT mice significantly increased the number of surviving small intestinal crypts. This radiation resistance, generated through gene regulation, was not affected by the F/B ratio. We initially found that the small intestinal villi of WT mice receiving radioresistant mouse fecal bacteria demonstrated better repair outcomes after radiation exposure. These results indicate the need for a focus on the identification and application of superior radioresistant bacterial strains. In our laboratory, we will further investigate specific radioresistant bacterial strains to alleviate acute side effects of radiation therapy to improve the patients' immune ability and postoperative quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 129, Da-Pi Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 142, Haizhuan Road, Nanzi District, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chou Li
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 129, Da-Pi Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
| | - Eng-Yen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 129, Da-Pi Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70, Lienhai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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61
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Filippou C, Themistocleous SC, Marangos G, Panayiotou Y, Fyrilla M, Kousparou CA, Pana ZD, Tsioutis C, Johnson EO, Yiallouris A. Microbial Therapy and Breast Cancer Management: Exploring Mechanisms, Clinical Efficacy, and Integration within the One Health Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1110. [PMID: 38256183 PMCID: PMC10816061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review elucidates the profound relationship between the human microbiome and breast cancer management. Recent findings highlight the significance of microbial alterations in tissue, such as the gut and the breast, and their role in influencing the breast cancer risk, development, progression, and treatment outcomes. We delve into how the gut microbiome can modulate systemic inflammatory responses and estrogen levels, thereby impacting cancer initiation and therapeutic drug efficacy. Furthermore, we explore the unique microbial diversity within breast tissue, indicating potential imbalances brought about by cancer and highlighting specific microbes as promising therapeutic targets. Emphasizing a holistic One Health approach, this review underscores the importance of integrating insights from human, animal, and environmental health to gain a deeper understanding of the complex microbe-cancer interplay. As the field advances, the strategic manipulation of the microbiome and its metabolites presents innovative prospects for the enhancement of cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. However, rigorous clinical trials remain essential to confirm the potential of microbiota-based interventions in breast cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Yiallouris
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, 6 Diogenis Str., 2404 Engomi, P.O. Box 22006, Nicosia 1516, Cyprus
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Guan M, Xu W, Bai H, Geng Z, Yu Z, Li H, Liu T. Potential mechanisms underlying inhibition of xenograft lung cancer models by kaempferol: modulation of gut microbiota in activating immune cell function. J Cancer 2024; 15:1314-1327. [PMID: 38356724 PMCID: PMC10861830 DOI: 10.7150/jca.88038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Context: As a flavonoid compound, kaempferol has great potential in anti-lung cancer therapy, but the mechanism of its therapeutic effect needs further exploration. Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of kaempferol on lung cancer, as well as its capability to regulate the gut microbiota and stimulate immune function. Materials & methods: Twenty-four BALB/c mice were divided into four groups. The first two groups, consisting of 12 normal mice, were administered either PBS or Kaempferol (Kaem) via gavage. The remaining 12 mice, which were subcutaneously inoculated with Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) cells, were similarly divided and subjected to the same treatments respectively. The inhibitory effect of kaempferol on xenograft lung cancer models was explored with in vivo experiments, the diversity of gut microbiota was investigated by 16S rDNA sequencing, and the treatment effect on immune cells was quantified using flow cytometry. Results: Kaempferol exerted a significant inhibitory effect on xenograft lung cancer models in vivo. It effectively inhibited the proliferation of LLC cells and significantly activated cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, and other immune cells in mice. 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples from tumor-bearing mice treated with kaempferol showed a significant increase in the abundances of potentially advantageous microbial species such as c_Bacilli, o_Lactobacillales, f_Lachnospiraceae, s_uncultured_bacterium_g_Lactobacillus, g_Lactobacillus, f_Bacteroidaceae, g_Bacteroides, and s_uncultured_bacterium_g_Bacteroides, s_Bacteroides_acidifaciens. An increase in the proportions of three types of immune cells might associated with the above dominant bacterial species. Conclusion: Kaempferol can inhibit xenograft lung cancer models. Such inhibition effect might come from the activation of T cells, NK cells, and other immune cells which are modulated by the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoying Guan
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weijie Xu
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haoran Bai
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zixiang Geng
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhihua Yu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hegen Li
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Te Liu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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63
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Han K, Xu J, Xie F, Crowther J, Moon JJ. Engineering Strategies to Modulate the Gut Microbiome and Immune System. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:208-215. [PMID: 38166246 PMCID: PMC10766079 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota, predominantly residing in the colon, is a complex ecosystem with a pivotal role in the host immune system. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been associated with various diseases, and there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutics that target the microbiome and restore immune functions. This Brief Review discusses emerging therapeutic strategies that focus on oral delivery systems for modulating the gut microbiome. These strategies include genetic engineering of probiotics, probiotic-biomaterial hybrids, dietary fibers, and oral delivery systems for microbial metabolites, antimicrobial peptides, RNA, and antibiotics. Engineered oral formulations have demonstrated promising outcomes in reshaping the gut microbiome and influencing immune responses in preclinical studies. By leveraging these approaches, the interplay between the gut microbiota and the immune system can be harnessed for the development of novel therapeutics against cancer, autoimmune disorders, and allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Julia Crowther
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James J. Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Bao H, Wang Y, Xiong H, Xia Y, Cui Z, Liu L. Mechanism of Iron Ion Homeostasis in Intestinal Immunity and Gut Microbiota Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:727. [PMID: 38255801 PMCID: PMC10815743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron is a vital trace element that plays an important role in humans and other organisms. It plays an active role in the growth, development, and reproduction of bacteria, such as Bifidobacteria. Iron deficiency or excess can negatively affect bacterial hosts. Studies have reported a major role of iron in the human intestine, which is necessary for maintaining body homeostasis and intestinal barrier function. Organisms can maintain their normal activities and regulate some cancer cells in the body by regulating iron excretion and iron-dependent ferroptosis. In addition, iron can modify the interaction between hosts and microorganisms by altering their growth and virulence or by affecting the immune system of the host. Lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus), and Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) were reported to increase trace elements, protect the host intestinal barrier, mitigate intestinal inflammation, and regulate immune function. This review article focuses on the two aspects of the iron and gut and generally summarizes the mechanistic role of iron ions in intestinal immunity and the remodeling of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhifu Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.X.); (Y.X.)
| | - Lingbin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (H.B.); (Y.W.); (H.X.); (Y.X.)
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65
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Zaplana T, Miele S, Tolonen AC. Lachnospiraceae are emerging industrial biocatalysts and biotherapeutics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1324396. [PMID: 38239921 PMCID: PMC10794557 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1324396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The Lachnospiraceae is a family of anaerobic bacteria in the class Clostridia with potential to advance the bio-economy and intestinal therapeutics. Some species of Lachnospiraceae metabolize abundant, low-cost feedstocks such as lignocellulose and carbon dioxide into value-added chemicals. Others are among the dominant species of the human colon and animal rumen, where they ferment dietary fiber to promote healthy gut and immune function. Here, we summarize recent studies of the physiology, cultivation, and genetics of Lachnospiraceae, highlighting their wide substrate utilization and metabolic products with industrial applications. We examine studies of these bacteria as Live Biotherapeutic Products (LBPs), focusing on in vivo disease models and clinical studies using them to treat infection, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. We discuss key research areas including elucidation of intra-specific diversity and genetic modification of candidate strains that will facilitate the exploitation of Lachnospiraceae in industry and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew C. Tolonen
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, University of Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
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66
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Zhao H, Sun L, Liu J, Shi B, Zhang Y, Qu-Zong CR, Dorji T, Wang T, Yuan H, Yang J. Meta-analysis identifying gut microbial biomarkers of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau populations and the functionality of microbiota-derived butyrate in high-altitude adaptation. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2350151. [PMID: 38715346 PMCID: PMC11086029 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2350151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The extreme environmental conditions of a plateau seriously threaten human health. The relationship between gut microbiota and human health at high altitudes has been extensively investigated. However, no universal gut microbiota biomarkers have been identified in the plateau population, limiting research into gut microbiota and high-altitude adaptation. 668 16s rRNA samples were analyzed using meta-analysis to reduce batch effects and uncover microbiota biomarkers in the plateau population. Furthermore, the robustness of these biomarkers was validated. Mendelian randomization (MR) results indicated that Tibetan gut microbiota may mediate a reduced erythropoietic response. Functional analysis and qPCR revealed that butyrate may be a functional metabolite in high-altitude adaptation. A high-altitude rat model showed that butyrate reduced intestinal damage caused by high altitudes. According to cell experiments, butyrate may downregulate hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression and blunt cellular responses to hypoxic stress. Our research found universally applicable biomarkers and investigated their potential roles in promoting human health at high altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Longjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects Research, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaopeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ci-Ren Qu-Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Tibet, China
| | - Tsechoe Dorji
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tieyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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67
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Hsiao YC, Johnson G, Yang Y, Liu CW, Feng J, Zhao H, Moy SS, Harper KM, Lu K. Evaluation of neurological behavior alterations and metabolic changes in mice under chronic glyphosate exposure. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:277-288. [PMID: 37922104 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is a widely used active ingredient in agricultural herbicides, inhibiting the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants by targeting their shikimate pathway. Our gut microbiota also facilitates the shikimate pathway, making it a vulnerable target when encountering glyphosate. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota may impair the gut-brain axis, bringing neurological outcomes. To evaluate the neurotoxicity and biochemical changes attributed to glyphosate, we exposed mice with the reference dose (RfD) set by the U.S. EPA (1.75 mg/Kg-BW/day) and its hundred-time-equivalence (175 mg/Kg-BW/day) chronically via drinking water, then compared a series of neurobehaviors and their fecal/serum metabolomic profile against the non-exposed vehicles (n = 10/dosing group). There was little alteration in the neurobehavior, including motor activities, social approach, and conditioned fear, under glyphosate exposure. Metabolomic differences attributed to glyphosate were observed in the feces, corresponding to 68 and 29 identified metabolites with dysregulation in the higher and lower dose groups, respectively, compared to the vehicle-control. There were less alterations observed in the serum metabolome. Under 175 mg/Kg-BW/day of glyphosate exposure, the aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine) were reduced in the feces but not in the serum of mice. We further focused on how tryptophan metabolism was dysregulated based on the pathway analysis, and identified the indole-derivatives were more altered compared to the serotonin and kynurenine derivatives. Together, we obtained a three-dimensional data set that records neurobehavioral, fecal metabolic, and serum biomolecular dynamics caused by glyphosate exposure at two different doses. Our data showed that even under the high dose of glyphosate irrelevant to human exposure, there were little evidence that supported the impairment of the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chung Hsiao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Gregory Johnson
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yifei Yang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Chih-Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jiahao Feng
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Haoduo Zhao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Sheryl S Moy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kathryn M Harper
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Miao H, Wang YN, Yu XY, Zou L, Guo Y, Su W, Liu F, Cao G, Zhao YY. Lactobacillus species ameliorate membranous nephropathy through inhibiting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway via tryptophan-produced indole metabolites. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:162-179. [PMID: 37594378 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an immune-mediated glomerular disease in adults. Antibody- and antigen-bonding mechanisms have been largely clarified, but the subepithelium immune complex deposition-mediated downstream molecular mechanisms are currently unresolved. Increasing evidence has suggested that gut microbiota contribute to MN pathogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In this study, we identified alterations in faecal gut microbiota and serum metabolites that mediate an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mechanism in cationic bovine serum albumin (CBSA)-induced MN rats and in patients with idiopathic MN (IMN). KEY RESULTS Impaired renal function correlated with the relative abundance of reduced faecal probiotics, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and altered serum levels of tryptophan-produced indole derivatives (TPIDs) in MN rats. Further results showed that reduced relative abundance of five probiotics, namely Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus vaginalis, Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium animalis, positively correlated with decreased levels of indole-3-pyruvic acid, indole-3-aldehyde and tryptamine and negatively correlated with increased levels of indole-3-lactic acid and indole-3-acetic acid in serum of MN rats. Altered five probiotics and five TPIDs also were observed in patients with IMN. Further studies showed that MN rats exhibited a significant increase in intrarenal mRNA expression of AhR and its target genes CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1, which were accompanied by protein expression of down-regulated cytoplasmic AhR, but up-regulated nuclear AhR, in MN rats and IMN patients. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Activation of the intrarenal AhR signalling pathway may involve five TPIDs. These data suggest that gut microbiota could influence MN through TPIDs that engage host receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ni Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Public Health and Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Nephrology, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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He Z, Xie H, Xu H, Wu J, Zeng W, He Q, Jobin C, Jin S, Lan P. Chemotherapy-induced microbiota exacerbates the toxicity of chemotherapy through the suppression of interleukin-10 from macrophages. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2319511. [PMID: 38400752 PMCID: PMC10896127 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2319511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been shown to influence the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy, thereby affecting treatment outcomes. Understanding the mechanism by which microbiota affects chemotherapeutic toxicity would have a profound impact on cancer management. In this study, we report that fecal microbiota transplantation from oxaliplatin-exposed mice promotes toxicity in recipient mice. Splenic RNA sequencing and macrophage depletion experiment showed that the microbiota-induced toxicity of oxaliplatin in mice was dependent on macrophages. Furthermore, oxaliplatin-mediated toxicity was exacerbated in Il10-/- mice, but not attenuated in Rag1-/- mice. Adoptive transfer of macrophage into Il10-/- mice confirmed the role of macrophage-derived IL-10 in the improvement of oxaliplatin-induced toxicity. Depletion of fecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium was associated with the exacerbation of oxaliplatin-mediated toxicity, whereas supplementation with these probiotics alleviated chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Importantly, IL-10 administration and probiotics supplementation did not attenuate the antitumor efficacy of chemotherapy. Clinically, patients with colorectal cancer exposed to oxaliplatin exhibited downregulation of peripheral CD45+IL-10+ cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that microbiota-mediated IL-10 production influences tolerance to chemotherapy, and thus represents a potential clinical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyu Xie
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoyang Xu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanyi Zeng
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qilang He
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Florida, Florida, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sanqing Jin
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Su J, Lin X, Li D, Yang C, Lv S, Chen X, Yang X, Pan B, Xu R, Ren L, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Chen Q, Xia C. Prevotella copri exhausts intrinsic indole-3-pyruvic acid in the host to promote breast cancer progression: inactivation of AMPK via UHRF1-mediated negative regulation. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2347757. [PMID: 38773738 PMCID: PMC11123460 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2347757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has revealed the novel role of gut microbiota in the development of cancer. The characteristics of function and composition in the gut microbiota of patients with breast cancer patients has been reported, however the detailed causation between gut microbiota and breast cancer remains uncertain. In the present study, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that Prevotella, particularly the dominant species Prevotella copri, is significantly enriched and prevalent in gut microbiota of breast cancer patients. Prior-oral administration of P. copri could promote breast cancer growth in specific pathogen-free mice and germ-free mice, accompanied with sharp reduction of indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA). Mechanistically, the present of excessive P. copri consumed a large amount of tryptophan (Trp), thus hampering the physiological accumulation of IPyA in the host. Our results revealed that IPyA is an intrinsic anti-cancer reagent in the host at physiological level. Briefly, IPyA directly suppressed the transcription of UHRF1, following by the declined UHRF1 and PP2A C in nucleus, thus inhibiting the phosphorylation of AMPK, which is just opposite to the cancer promoting effect of P. copri. Therefore, the exhaustion of IPyA by excessive P. copri strengthens the UHRF1-mediated negative control to inactivated the energy-controlling AMPK signaling pathway to promote tumor growth, which was indicated by the alternation in pattern of protein expression and DNA methylation. Our findings, for the first time, highlighted P. copri as a risk factor for the progression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyan Su
- Scientific Research Center, Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Foshan, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Lin
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chunmin Yang
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shumei Lv
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Xiujuan Yang
- Scientific Research Center, Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Foshan, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Botao Pan
- Scientific Research Center, Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Foshan, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Rui Xu
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Ren
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhen Xie
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- R&D Department, Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qianjun Chen
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Scientific Research Center, Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Foshan, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Cui Y, Jing C, Yue Y, Ning M, Chen H, Yuan Y, Yue T. Kefir Ameliorates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury Through Modulating Gut Microbiota and Fecal Bile Acid Profile in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300301. [PMID: 37933689 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the leading cause of liver-related deaths worldwide. Kefir has been studied for its properties of anti-obesity, rebuilding intestinal homeostasis, and alleviating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the possible role of kefir in the prevention or treatment of ALD has not been carefully considered. Here, it evaluated the protective effects of kefir supplementation on alcohol-induced liver injury. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J mice are fed to Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing alcohol to build ALD mouse model, followed by oral administration with kefir. Results indicate that kefir treatment improves liver pathological changes, decreases the expression levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and inflammatory markers, and increases antioxidant levels. Kefir supplementation also restores the intestinal barrier and altered microbial composition, indicates as increases of Blautia, Bacteroides, and Parasutterella and decreases in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and populations of Psychrobacter, Bacillus, and Monoglobus. Moreover, kefir supplementation decreases the levels of total bile acids (BAs) and primary BAs and increases the secondary/primary BA ratio. Gut microbes play a key role in the conversion of primary to secondary fecal BAs. CONCLUSION Kefir can ameliorate ALD through regulating the composition of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chun Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Mengge Ning
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
- Xi'an Gaoxin No. 1 High School, Xi'an, 710119, China
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Xie LW, Cai S, Lu HY, Tang FL, Zhu RQ, Tian Y, Li M. Microbiota-derived I3A protects the intestine against radiation injury by activating AhR/IL-10/Wnt signaling and enhancing the abundance of probiotics. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2347722. [PMID: 38706205 PMCID: PMC11086037 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2347722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestine is prone to radiation damage in patients undergoing radiotherapy for pelvic tumors. However, there are currently no effective drugs available for the prevention or treatment of radiation-induced enteropathy (RIE). In this study, we aimed at investigating the impact of indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A) derived from the intestinal microbiota on RIE. Intestinal organoids were isolated and cultivated for screening radioprotective tryptophan metabolites. A RIE model was established using 13 Gy whole-abdominal irradiation in male C57BL/6J mice. After oral administration of I3A, its radioprotective ability was assessed through the observation of survival rates, clinical scores, and pathological analysis. Intestinal stem cell survival and changes in the intestinal barrier were observed through immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the radioprotective mechanisms of I3A was investigated through 16S rRNA and transcriptome sequencing, respectively. Finally, human colon cancer cells and organoids were cultured to assess the influence of I3A on tumor radiotherapy. I3A exhibited the most potent radioprotective effect on intestinal organoids. Oral administration of I3A treatment significantly increased the survival rate in irradiated mice, improved clinical and histological scores, mitigated mucosal damage, enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells, and maintained intestinal barrier integrity. Furthermore, I3A enhanced the abundance of probiotics, and activated the AhR/IL-10/Wnt signaling pathway to promote intestinal epithelial proliferation. As a crucial tryptophan metabolite, I3A promotes intestinal epithelial cell proliferation through the AhR/IL-10/Wnt signaling pathway and upregulates the abundance of probiotics to treat RIE. Microbiota-derived I3A demonstrates potential clinical application value for the treatment of RIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Xie
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shang Cai
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Lu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng-Ling Tang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui-Qiu Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Kandalai S, Li H, Zhang N, Peng H, Zheng Q. The human microbiome and cancer: a diagnostic and therapeutic perspective. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2240084. [PMID: 37498047 PMCID: PMC10376920 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2240084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has shown that the human microbiome is associated with various diseases, including cancer. The salivary microbiome, fecal microbiome, and circulating microbial DNA in blood plasma have all been used experimentally as diagnostic biomarkers for many types of cancer. The microbiomes present within local tissue, other regions, and tumors themselves have been shown to promote and restrict the development and progression of cancer, most often by affecting cancer cells or the host immune system. These microbes have also been shown to impact the efficacy of various cancer therapies, including radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Here, we review the research advances focused on how microbes impact these different facets and why they are important to the clinical care of cancer. It is only by better understanding the roles these microbes play in the diagnosis, development, progression, and treatment of cancer, that we will be able to catch and treat cancer early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Kandalai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Huapeng Li
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haidong Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qingfei Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Liu J, Tian R, Sun C, Guo Y, Dong L, Li Y, Song X. Microbial metabolites are involved in tumorigenesis and development by regulating immune responses. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1290414. [PMID: 38169949 PMCID: PMC10758836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1290414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota is symbiotic with the host and can create a variety of metabolites. Under normal conditions, microbial metabolites can regulate host immune function and eliminate abnormal cells in a timely manner. However, when metabolite production is abnormal, the host immune system might be unable to identify and get rid of tumor cells at the early stage of carcinogenesis, which results in tumor development. The mechanisms by which intestinal microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), microbial tryptophan catabolites (MTCs), polyamines (PAs), hydrogen sulfide, and secondary bile acids, are involved in tumorigenesis and development by regulating immune responses are summarized in this review. SCFAs and MTCs can prevent cancer by altering the expression of enzymes and epigenetic modifications in both immune cells and intestinal epithelial cells. MTCs can also stimulate immune cell receptors to inhibit the growth and metastasis of the host cancer. SCFAs, MTCs, bacterial hydrogen sulfide and secondary bile acids can control mucosal immunity to influence the occurrence and growth of tumors. Additionally, SCFAs, MTCs, PAs and bacterial hydrogen sulfide can also affect the anti-tumor immune response in tumor therapy by regulating the function of immune cells. Microbial metabolites have a good application prospect in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors, and our review provides a good basis for related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Ruxian Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Caiyu Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xicheng Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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Qiu J, Xiang S, Sun M, Tan M. Preparation of Polysaccharide-Protein Hydrogels with an Ultrafast Self-Healing Property as a Superior Oral Delivery System of Probiotics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18842-18856. [PMID: 37978937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Oral administration of probiotic supplements can effectively regulate intestinal disorders. However, harsh gastrointestinal conditions greatly limit the bioavailability of probiotics. In this work, biomass-derived polysaccharide-protein hydrogels (Dex-sBSA hydrogels) were constructed as an oral probiotic delivery system. The hydrogel encapsulation significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of probiotics and protected them from gastric acid, bile salts, reactive oxygen species, and antibiotics. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the hydrogel encapsulation significantly enhanced the bioavailability of probiotics, of which the cell number in the intestine, colon, and cecum was 35 times, 8 times, and 203 times higher than the free one, respectively. Attributed to the superior ultrafast self-healing property, the Dex-sBSA hydrogel successfully prevented the probiotics from quick elimination and prolonged the retention time in the gut, providing great possibilities for colonization and proliferation. These results clearly indicate the great potential of the Dex-sBSA hydrogel as a superior oral delivery system for probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Qiu
- State Key Lab of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Xiang
- State Key Lab of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Miyao Sun
- State Key Lab of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- State Key Lab of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
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Danckaert W, Spaas M, Sundahl N, De Bruycker A, Fonteyne V, De Paepe E, De Wagter C, Vanhaecke L, Ost P. Microbiome and metabolome dynamics during radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol 2023; 189:109950. [PMID: 37827280 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy are susceptible to acute gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity due to substantial overlap of the intestines with the radiation volume. Due to their intimate relationship with GI toxicity, faecal microbiome and metabolome dynamics during radiotherapy were investigated. MATERIAL & METHODS This prospective study included 50 prostate cancer patients treated with prostate (bed) only radiotherapy (PBRT) (n = 28) or whole pelvis radiotherapy (WPRT) (n = 22) (NCT04638049). Longitudinal sampling was performed prior to radiotherapy, after 10 fractions, near the end of radiotherapy and at follow-up. Patient symptoms were dichotomized into a single toxicity score. Microbiome and metabolome fingerprints were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography hybrid high-resolution mass spectrometry, respectively. RESULTS The individual α-diversity did not significantly change over time. Microbiota composition (β-diversity) changed significantly over treatment (PERMANOVA p-value = 0.03), but there was no significant difference in stability when comparing PBRT versus WPRT. Levels of various metabolites were significantly altered during radiotherapy. Baseline α-diversity was not associated with any toxicity outcome. Based on the metabolic fingerprint, no natural clustering according to toxicity profile could be achieved. CONCLUSIONS Radiation dose and treatment volume demonstrated limited effects on microbiome and metabolome fingerprints. In addition, no distinctive signature for toxicity status could be established. There is an ongoing need for toxicity risk stratification tools for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, but the current evidence implies that the translation of metabolic and microbial biomarkers into routine clinical practice remains challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willeke Danckaert
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Mathieu Spaas
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nora Sundahl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, AZ Groeninge Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Aurélie De Bruycker
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Radiation Oncology, AZ Groeninge Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Valérie Fonteyne
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ellen De Paepe
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics (LIMET), Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carlos De Wagter
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics (LIMET), Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University, BT7 1NN Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Piet Ost
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Department of Radiation Oncology, Iridium Netwerk, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Zhu S, Xu K, Li S, Yu X, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Zeng L, Xu K, Fu C. Assessment of intestinal status in MPL W515L mutant myeloproliferative neoplasms mice model. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111091. [PMID: 37883814 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The MPLW515L mutation is a prevalent genetic mutation in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), and utilizing this mutation in mice model can provide important insights into the disease. However, the relationship between intestinal homeostasis and MPN mice model remains elusive. In this study, we utilized a retroviral vector to transfect hematopoietic stem cells with the MPLW515L mutation, creating mutated MPN mice model to investigate their intestinal status. Our results revealed that the MPLW515L in MPN mice model aggravated inflammation in the intestines, decreased the levels of tight junction proteins and receptors for bacteria metabolites. Additionally, there was increased activation of the caspase1/IL-1β signaling pathway and a significant reduction in phos-p38 levels in the intestinal tissue in MPN mice. The MPLW515L mutation also led to up-expression of anti-microbial genes in the intestinal tract. Though the mutation had no impact on the alpha diversity and dominant bacterial taxa, it did influence the rare bacterial taxa/sub-communities and consequently impacted intestinal homeostasis. Our findings demonstrate the significance of MPLW515L mice model for studying MPN disease and highlight the mutation's influence on intestinal homeostasis, including inflammation, activation of the IL-1β signaling pathway, and the composition of gut microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyun Zhu
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, Affliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cells, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kairen Xu
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuyao Li
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangru Yu
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qigang Zhang
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, Affliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cells, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, Affliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cells, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chunling Fu
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, Affliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cells, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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78
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Chen Z, Guan D, Wang Z, Li X, Dong S, Huang J, Zhou W. Microbiota in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e417. [PMID: 37937304 PMCID: PMC10626288 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The diverse bacterial populations within the symbiotic microbiota play a pivotal role in both health and disease. Microbiota modulates critical aspects of tumor biology including cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This regulation occurs through mechanisms like enhancing genomic damage, hindering gene repair, activating aberrant cell signaling pathways, influencing tumor cell metabolism, promoting revascularization, and remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment. These microbiota-mediated effects significantly impact overall survival and the recurrence of tumors after surgery by affecting the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy. Moreover, leveraging the microbiota for the development of biovectors, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, in addition to utilizing antibiotics, dietary adjustments, defensins, oncolytic virotherapy, and fecal microbiota transplantation, offers promising alternatives for cancer treatment. Nonetheless, due to the extensive and diverse nature of the microbiota, along with tumor heterogeneity, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of microbiota in cancer remain a subject of intense debate. In this context, we refocus on various cancers, delving into the molecular signaling pathways associated with the microbiota and its derivatives, the reshaping of the tumor microenvironmental matrix, and the impact on tolerance to tumor treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This exploration aims to shed light on novel perspectives and potential applications in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Defeng Guan
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Xin Li
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Shi Dong
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Junjun Huang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Wence Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
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79
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Liang B, Xing D. The Current and Future Perspectives of Postbiotics. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1626-1643. [PMID: 36763279 PMCID: PMC9913028 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
With the emphasis on intestinal health, probiotics have exploded into a vast market potential. However, new scientific evidence points out that the beneficial health benefits of probiotics are not necessarily directly related to viable bacteria. However, the metabolites or bacterial components of the live bacteria are the driving force behind health promotion. Therefore, scientists gradually noticed that the beneficial effects of probiotics are based on bacteria itself, metabolites, or cell lysates, and these factors are officially named "postbiotics" by the ISAPP. Postbiotic components are diverse and outperform live probiotics in terms of technology, safety, and cost due to their good absorption, metabolism, and organismal distribution. Postbiotics have been shown to have bioactivities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and immunomodulation. Moreover, numerous studies have revealed the significant potential of postbiotics for disease treatment. This paper first presents the production and classification of postbiotics with examples from lactic acid bacteria (LAB), followed by the mechanisms of action with the most recent pre-clinical and clinical studies and the wide range of non-clinical and clinical applications of postbiotics. Furthermore, the current and future prospects of the postbiotic market with commercial available products are discussed. Finally, we comment on the knowledge gaps and future clinical applications with several examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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80
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Zhang Z, Xu M, Wang L, Gu W, Li X, Han Z, Fu X, Wang X, Li X, Su Z. Continuous oral exposure to micro- and nanoplastics induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal barrier and immune dysfunction in adult mice. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 182:108353. [PMID: 38035535 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Micro/nanoplastics in the environment can be ingested by organisms and spread throughout the food chain, ultimately posing a threat to human health. However, the risk of continuous oral exposure in mammals remains unresolved. In this study, we utilized a continuous gavage mouse model to investigate the potential intestinal risks associated with oral exposure to polystyrene micro/nanoplastics (PS-MNPs) with environmentally relevant concentrations. The effects of PS-MNPs with different particle sizes on the gut microbiota, intestinal barrier, and intestinal immune function were evaluated. PS-MNPs can accumulate in the intestine after oral exposure and alter the composition of the gut microbiota. Exposure to PS-MNPs significantly reduced the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes as well as the number of potentially beneficial bacteria in the gut, while the number of potentially harmful bacteria significantly increased. The short-chain fatty acids metabolized by gut microbiota were significantly changed by PS-MNPs. Exposure to PS-MNPs disrupts the function of the intestinal barrier and leads to inflammation in the intestines. The levels of secretory immunoglobulin A in the intestine and the differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in mesenteric lymph nodes were significantly decreased by PS-MNPs. Moreover, the impact of PS-MNPs on mammalian intestinal health is influenced by the exposure duration and particle size, rather than the concentration. It also suggests that nanoplastics may pose more severe environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingkai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research of Liao Ning Province, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhiyang Han
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuanhe Fu
- Department of Immunology, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, Huanghe North Street, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xu Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhencheng Su
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Superantigen Research of Liao Ning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
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81
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Wang C, Zhao M, Xie J, Wang H, Gu Z, Sun F. Colon-Targeted Release of Gel Microspheres Loaded with Antioxidative Fullerenol for Relieving Radiation-Induced Colon Injury and Regulating Intestinal Flora. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301758. [PMID: 37657180 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced colitis is a serious clinical problem worldwide. However, the current treatment options for this condition have limited efficacy and can cause side effects. To address this issue, colon-targeted fullerenol@pectin@chitosan gel microspheres (FPCGMs) are developed, which can aggregate on colon tissue for a long time, scavenge free radicals generated in the process of radiation, and regulate intestinal flora to mitigate damage to colonic tissue. First, FPCGMs exhibit acid resistance and colon-targeted release properties, which reduce gastrointestinal exposure and extend the local colonic drug residence time. Second, fullerenol, which has a superior scavenging ability and chemical stability, reduces oxidative stress in colonic epithelial cells. Based on this, it is found that FPCGMs significantly reduce inflammation in colonic tissue, mitigated damage to tight junctions of colonic epithelial cells, and significantly relieved radiation-induced colitis in mice. Moreover, 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA) sequencing results show that the composition of the intestinal flora is optimized after FPCGMs are utilized, indicating that the relative abundance of probiotics increases while harmful bacteria are inhibited. These findings suggest that it is a promising candidate for treating radiation-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Maoru Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiani Xie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Hongping Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fengjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
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82
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He KY, Lei XY, Wu DH, Zhang L, Li JQ, Li QT, Yin WT, Zhao ZL, Liu H, Xiang XY, Zhu LJ, Cui CY, Wang KK, Wang JH, Lv L, Sun QH, Liu GL, Xu ZX, Jian YP. Akkermansia muciniphila protects the intestine from irradiation-induced injury by secretion of propionic acid. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2293312. [PMID: 38087436 PMCID: PMC10730217 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2293312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal dysbiosis frequently occurs in abdominal radiotherapy and contributes to irradiation (IR)-induced intestinal damage and inflammation. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is a recently characterized probiotic, which is critical for maintaining the dynamics of the intestinal mucus layer and preserving intestinal microbiota homeostasis. However, the role of A. muciniphila in the alleviation of radiation enteritis remains unknown. In this study, we reported that the abundance of A. muciniphila was markedly reduced in the intestines of mice exposed to abdominal IR and in the feces of patients who received abdominal radiotherapy. Abundance of A. muciniphila in feces of radiotherapy patients was negatively correlated with the duration of diarrhea in patients. Administration of A. muciniphila substantially mitigated IR-induced intestinal damage and prevented mouse death. Analyzing the metabolic products of A. muciniphila revealed that propionic acid, a short-chain fatty acid secreted by the microbe, mediated the radioprotective effect. We further demonstrated that propionic acid bound to G-protein coupled receptor 43 (GRP43) on the surface of intestinal epithelia and increased histone acetylation and hence enhanced the expression of tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1 and elevated the level of mucins, leading to enhanced integrity of intestinal epithelial barrier and reduced radiation-induced intestinal damage. Metformin, a first-line agent for the treatment of type II diabetes, promoted intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and reduced radiation intestinal damage through increasing the abundance of A. muciniphila. Together, our results demonstrated that A. muciniphila plays a critical role in the reduction of abdominal IR-induced intestinal damage. Application of probiotics or their regulators, such as metformin, could be an effective treatment for the protection of radiation exposure-damaged intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yue He
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Lei
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Dan-Hui Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Jun-Qi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Qiu-Tong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Tao Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Zi-Long Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Huai Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xiong-Yan Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Ling-Jun Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Cui-Yun Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ke-Ke Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Hua Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian-Hui Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Guo-Long Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Ping Jian
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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83
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Gurczynski SJ, Lipinski JH, Strauss J, Alam S, Huffnagle GB, Ranjan P, Kennedy LH, Moore BB, O’Dwyer DN. Horizontal transmission of gut microbiota attenuates mortality in lung fibrosis. JCI Insight 2023; 9:e164572. [PMID: 38015634 PMCID: PMC10911107 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and often fatal disease. The pathogenesis is characterized by aberrant repair of lung parenchyma, resulting in loss of physiological homeostasis, respiratory failure, and death. The immune response in pulmonary fibrosis is dysregulated. The gut microbiome is a key regulator of immunity. The role of the gut microbiome in regulating the pulmonary immunity in lung fibrosis is poorly understood. Here, we determine the impact of gut microbiota on pulmonary fibrosis in substrains of C57BL/6 mice derived from different vendors (C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NCrl). We used germ-free models, fecal microbiota transplantation, and cohousing to transmit gut microbiota. Metagenomic studies of feces established keystone species between substrains. Pulmonary fibrosis was microbiota dependent in C57BL/6 mice. Gut microbiota were distinct by β diversity and α diversity. Mortality and lung fibrosis were attenuated in C57BL/6NCrl mice. Elevated CD4+IL-10+ T cells and lower IL-6 occurred in C57BL/6NCrl mice. Horizontal transmission of microbiota by cohousing attenuated mortality in C57BL/6J mice and promoted a transcriptionally altered pulmonary immunity. Temporal changes in lung and gut microbiota demonstrated that gut microbiota contributed largely to immunological phenotype. Key regulatory gut microbiota contributed to lung fibrosis, generating rationale for human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jay H. Lipinski
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joshua Strauss
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shafiul Alam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gary B. Huffnagle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lucy H. Kennedy
- Unit for Laboratory and Animal Medicine, Office of Research, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bethany B. Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David N. O’Dwyer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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84
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Zhang YN, Cui ML, Zhang LM, Lu N, Quan X, Yin K, Li AN, Zhang MX. Gut microbiota in gastric cancer: A determinant of etiology or a therapeutic approach? Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:933-939. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i22.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of the gut microbiota on the well-being and pathology of the host has garnered growing interest. In recent times, there has been a surge in understanding the mechanistic connections between the gut microbiota and cancer, particularly in relation to the genesis, progression, and therapeutic approaches for gastric cancer. The dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome stands as a significant determinant in the etiology of gastric cancer. Currently, a preliminary consensus exists, although the precise mechanism remains incompletely understood. As research progresses, it becomes increasingly evident that intestinal flora significantly contributes to the therapeutic approach for gastric cancer. This paper gives a comprehensive review of the impact of intestinal flora on gastric cancer, examines the role of the intestinal microbiome in the management of gastric cancer, and elucidates the potential of utilizing the intestinal microbiome as an anti-tumor therapy, with an aim to furnish a point of reference and stimulate future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Zhang
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Man-Li Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ling-Min Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Quan
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Kun Yin
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - An-Na Li
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ming-Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi Province, China
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85
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Sun LWH, Asana Marican HT, Beh LK, Shen H. Imaging the radioprotective effect of amifostine in the developing brain using an apoptosis-reporting transgenic zebrafish. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 100:433-444. [PMID: 37922446 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2280011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Normal tissue radioprotectants alleviate radiation-induced damages and preserve critical organ functions. Investigating their efficacy in vivo remains challenging, especially in enclosed organs like the brain. An animal model that enables direct visualization of radiation-induced apoptosis while possessing the structural complexity of a vertebrate brain facilitates these studies in a precise and effective manner. MATERIALS AND METHODS We employed a secA5 transgenic zebrafish expressing secreted Annexin V fused with a yellow fluorescent protein to visualize radiation-induced apoptosis in vivo. We developed a semi-automated imaging method for standardized acquisition of apoptosis signals in batches of zebrafish larvae. Using these approaches, we studied the protective effect of amifostine (WR-2721) in the irradiated zebrafish larval brain. RESULTS Upon 2 Gy total-body 137Cs irradiation, increased apoptosis could be visualized at high resolution in the secA5 brain at 2, 24, and 48 hour post irradiation (hpi). Amifostine treatment (4 mM) during irradiation reduced apoptosis significantly at 24 hpi and preserved Wnt active cells in the larval brain. When the 2 Gy irradiation was delivered in combination with cisplatin treatment (0.1 mM), the radioprotective effect of amifostine was also observed. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals the radioprotective effect of amifostine in the developing zebrafish larval brain, and highlights the utility of secA5 transgenic zebrafish as a novel system for investigating normal tissue radioprotectants in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas W H Sun
- Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Lih Khiang Beh
- Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hongyuan Shen
- Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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86
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Hurley K, Clow R, Jadhav A, Azzam EI, Wang Y. Mitigation of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) with human umbilical cord blood. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 100:317-334. [PMID: 37967239 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2277372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The growing concern over potential unintended nuclear accidents or malicious activities involving nuclear/radiological devices cannot be overstated. Exposure to whole-body doses of radiation can result in acute radiation syndrome (ARS), colloquially known as "radiation sickness," which can severely damage various organ systems. Long-term health consequences, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease, can develop many years post-exposure. Identifying effective medical countermeasures and devising a strategic medical plan represents an urgent, unmet need. Various clinical studies have investigated the therapeutic use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) for a range of illnesses, including ARS. The objective of this review is to thoroughly discuss ARS and its sub-syndromes, and to highlight recent findings regarding the use of UCB for radiation injury. UCB, a rich source of stem cells, boasts numerous advantages over other stem cell sources, like bone marrow, owing to its ease of collection and relatively low risk of severe graft-versus-host disease. Preclinical studies suggest that treatment with UCB, and often UCB-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), results in improved survival, accelerated hematopoietic recovery, reduced gastrointestinal tract damage, and mitigation of radiation-induced pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis. Interestingly, recent evidence suggests that UCB-derived exosomes and their microRNAs (miRNAs) might assist in treating radiation-induced damage, largely by inhibiting fibrotic pathways. CONCLUSION UCB holds substantial potential as a radiation countermeasure, and future research should focus on establishing treatment parameters for ARS victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Hurley
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Rachel Clow
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Ashok Jadhav
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Edouard I Azzam
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Yi Wang
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Huang S, Chen J, Cui Z, Ma K, Wu D, Luo J, Li F, Xiong W, Rao S, Xiang Q, Shi W, Song T, Deng J, Yin Y, Tan C. Lachnospiraceae-derived butyrate mediates protection of high fermentable fiber against placental inflammation in gestational diabetes mellitus. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi7337. [PMID: 37922350 PMCID: PMC10624355 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi7337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation-associated insulin resistance is a key trigger of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the underlying mechanisms and effective interventions remain unclear. Here, we report the association of placental inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-α) and abnormal maternal glucose metabolism in patients with GDM, and a high fermentable dietary fiber (HFDF; konjac) could reduce GDM development through gut flora-short-chain fatty acid-placental inflammation axis in GDM mouse model. Mechanistically, HFDF increases abundances of Lachnospiraceae and butyrate, reduces placental-derived inflammation by enhancing gut barrier and inhibiting the transfer of bacterial-derived lipopolysaccharide, and ultimately resists high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. Lachnospiraceae and butyrate have similar anti-GDM and anti-placental inflammation effects, and they can ameliorate placental function and pregnancy outcome effects probably by dampening placental immune dysfunction. These findings demonstrate the involvement of important placental inflammation-related mechanisms in the progression of GDM and the great potential of HFDFs to reduce susceptibility to GDM through gut-flora-placenta axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangbo Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianzhao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhijuan Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kaidi Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Deyuan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinxi Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fuyong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen 518000, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Wenyu Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Sujuan Rao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Quanhang Xiang
- Department of Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Tongxing Song
- Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinping Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Chengquan Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Cao B, Gao J, Zhang Q, Xu X, Zhao R, Li H, Wei B. Melatonin supplementation protects against traumatic colon injury by regulating SERPINA3N protein expression. IMETA 2023; 2:e141. [PMID: 38868216 PMCID: PMC10989984 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic colon injury (TCI) is a typical injury with high mortality. Prolongation of the intervention time window is a potentially useful approach to improving the outcomes of TCI casualties. This study aimed to identify the pathological mechanisms of TCI and to develop effective strategies to extend the survival time. A semicircular incision was made to prepare a TCI model using C57BL/6 mice. An overview of microbiota dysregulation was achieved by metagenome sequencing. Protein expression reprogramming in the intestinal epithelium was investigated using proteomics profiling. The mice that were subjected to TCI died within a short period of time when not treated. Gut symbiosis showed abrupt turbulence, and specific pathogenic bacteria rapidly proliferated. The protein expression in the intestinal epithelium was also reprogrammed. Among the differentially expressed proteins, SERPINA3N was overexpressed after TCI modeling. Deletion of Serpina3n prolonged the posttraumatic survival time of mice with TCI by improving gut homeostasis in vivo. To promote the translational application of this research, the effects of melatonin (MLT), an oral inhibitor of the SERPINA3N protein, were further investigated. MLT effectively downregulated SERPINA3N expression and mitigated TCI-induced death by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway. Our findings prove that preventive administration of MLT serves as an effective regimen to prolong the posttraumatic survival time by restoring gut homeostasis perturbed by TCI. It may become a novel strategy for improving the prognosis of patients suffering from TCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cao
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jing‐Wang Gao
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Qing‐Peng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xing‐Ming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Rui‐Yang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Hang‐Hang Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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Liu J, Shao N, Qiu H, Zhao J, Chen C, Wan J, He Z, Zhao X, Xu L. Intestinal microbiota: A bridge between intermittent fasting and tumors. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115484. [PMID: 37708691 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota and their metabolites are essential for maintaining intestinal health, regulating inflammatory responses, and enhancing the body's immune function. An increasing number of studies have shown that the intestinal microbiota is tightly tied to tumorigenesis and intervention effects. Intermittent fasting (IF) is a method of cyclic dietary restriction that can improve energy metabolism, prolong lifespan, and reduce the progression of various diseases, including tumors. IF can affect the energy metabolism of tumor cells, inhibit tumor cell growth, improve the function of immune cells, and promote an anti-tumor immune response. Interestingly, recent research has further revealed that the intestinal microbiota can be impacted by IF, in particular by changes in microbial composition and metabolism. These findings suggest the complexity of the IF as a promising tumor intervention strategy, which merits further study to better understand and encourage the development of clinical tumor intervention strategies. In this review, we aimed to outline the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota and its mechanisms in different tumors. Of note, we summarized the impact of IF on intestinal microbiota and discussed its potential association with tumor suppressive effects. Finally, we proposed some key scientific issues that need to be addressed and envision relevant research prospects, which might provide a theoretical basis and be helpful for the application of IF and intestinal microbiota as new strategies for clinical interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Nan Shao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Hui Qiu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jiajia Wan
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Zhixu He
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Lin Xu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
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90
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Jang B, Chung MG, Lee DS. Association between gut microbial change and acute gastrointestinal toxicity in patients with prostate cancer receiving definitive radiation therapy. Cancer Med 2023; 12:20727-20735. [PMID: 37921267 PMCID: PMC10709749 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This prospective study investigated the association between gut microbial changes and acute gastrointestinal toxicities in prostate cancer patients receiving definitive radiation therapy (RT). METHODS Seventy-nine fecal samples were analyzed. Stool samples were collected at the following timepoints: pre-RT (prRT), 2 weeks after the start of RT (RT-2w), 5 weeks after the start of RT (RT-5w), 1 month after completion of RT (poRT-1 m), and 3 months after completion of RT (poRT-3 m). We computed the microbial community polarization index (MCPI) as an indicator of RT-induced dysbiosis. RESULTS Patients experiencing toxicity had lower alpha diversity, especially at RT-2w (p = 0.037) and RT-5w (p = 0.003). Compared to patients without toxicity, the MCPI in those experiencing toxicities was significantly elevated (p = 0.019). In terms of predicted metabolic pathways, we found linearly decreasing pathways, including carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes (p = 0.035) and the bacterial secretion system (p = 0.005), in patients who experienced toxicities. CONCLUSIONS We showed RT-induced dysbiosis among patients who experienced toxicities. Reduced diversity and elevated RT-related MCPI could be helpfully used for developing individualized RT approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum‐Sup Jang
- Department of Radiation OncologyCollege of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Moon Gyu Chung
- Microbiome centerKorea Research Institute of Bio‐medical ScienceDaejeonKorea
| | - Dong Soo Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
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91
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Guo C, Kong L, Xiao L, Liu K, Cui H, Xin Q, Gu X, Jiang C, Wu J. The impact of the gut microbiome on tumor immunotherapy: from mechanism to application strategies. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:188. [PMID: 37828613 PMCID: PMC10571290 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is one of the fastest developing areas in the field of oncology. Many immunological treatment strategies for refractory tumors have been approved and marketed. Nevertheless, much clinical and preclinical experimental evidence has shown that the efficacy of immunotherapy in tumor treatment varies markedly among individuals. The commensal microbiome mainly colonizes the intestinal lumen in humans, is affected by a variety of factors and exhibits individual variation. Moreover, the gut is considered the largest immune organ of the body due to its influence on the immune system. In the last few decades, with the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques and in-depth research, the view that the gut microbiota intervenes in antitumor immunotherapy through the immune system has been gradually confirmed. Here, we review important studies published in recent years focusing on the influences of microbiota on immune system and the progression of malignancy. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanism by which microbiota affect tumor immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT), and strategies for modulating the microbial composition to facilitate the antitumor immune response. Finally, opportunity and some challenges are mentioned to enable a more systematic understanding of tumor treatment in the future and promote basic research and clinical application in related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciliang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingkai Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huawei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qilei Xin
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Qingdao Road 3716#, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Qingdao Road 3716#, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Qingdao Road 3716#, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Junhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Qingdao Road 3716#, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Li W, Cheng F, Zhang J, Li C, Yu D, Simayijiang H, Liu H, Li S, Yan J. Changes in Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients Following Radioactive Iodine Therapy. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4453-4464. [PMID: 37808207 PMCID: PMC10557971 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s433433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Radioactive iodine therapy is administered through oral route, which is accumulated and absorbed in the intestine. However, its effects on the intestine remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites following radioactive iodine therapy. Patients and Methods A total of 76 stool samples from the same 38 patients were collected at the start of radioactive iodine therapy and three days following the therapy. Stool microbiota and metabolites were detected using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results Enterobacteriales, Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia-Shigella were elevated in most patients (27/38) following the therapy. The levels of 2-hydroxyundec-7-enoylcarnitine were significantly lower, whereas those of 5-dehydroavenasterol, butylisopropylamine, and salsoline-1-carboxylate were higher following the therapy. The relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella was negatively correlated with 2-hydroxyundec-7-enoylcarnitine level (r2 = -0.661, P = 0.009). Functional pathways were predicted to be involved in amino acid and lipid metabolism following the therapy. Particularly, phenylalanine, linoleic acid, sphingolipid, purine, and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism were the main metabolic pathways. Conclusion Gut microbiota was disturbed following radioactive iodine therapy, with increased Escherichia-Shigella. Processes associated with energy production seems to be impacted following the therapy, with significantly decreased 2-hydroxyundec-7-enoylcarnitine level. Meanwhile, some metabolites and functional pathways may have a positive effect on intestinal homeostasis, and may be related to the repair and promotion of gut recovery following the therapy. This study provides a basic foundation to explore how radioactive iodine affects gut microbiota and metabolites, and how gut function is regulated in response to radioactive iodine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caihong Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daijing Yu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Halimureti Simayijiang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sijin Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Yan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, People’s Republic of China
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Yang Y, Hsiao YC, Liu CW, Lu K. The Role of the Nuclear Receptor FXR in Arsenic-Induced Glucose Intolerance in Mice. TOXICS 2023; 11:833. [PMID: 37888683 PMCID: PMC10611046 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic in drinking water is prioritized as a top environmental contaminant by the World Health Organization, with over 230 million people potentially being exposed. Arsenic toxicity has been well documented and is associated with a plethora of human diseases, including diabetes, as established in numerous animal and epidemiological studies. Our previous study revealed that arsenic exposure leads to the inhibition of nuclear receptors, including LXR/RXR. To this end, FXR is a nuclear receptor central to glucose and lipid metabolism. However, limited studies are available for understanding arsenic exposure-FXR interactions. Herein, we report that FXR knockout mice developed more profound glucose intolerance than wild-type mice upon arsenic exposure, supporting the regulatory role of FXR in arsenic-induced glucose intolerance. We further exposed mice to arsenic and tested if GW4064, a FXR agonist, could improve glucose intolerance and dysregulation of hepatic proteins and serum metabolites. Our data showed arsenic-induced glucose intolerance was remarkably diminished by GW4064, accompanied by a significant ratio of alleviation of dysregulation in hepatic proteins (83%) and annotated serum metabolites (58%). In particular, hepatic proteins "rescued" from arsenic toxicity by GW4064 featured members of glucose and lipid utilization. For instance, the expression of PCK1, a candidate gene for diabetes and obesity that facilitates gluconeogenesis, was repressed under arsenic exposure in the liver, but revived with the GW4064 supplement. Together, our comprehensive dataset indicates FXR plays a key role and may serve as a potential therapeutic for arsenic-induced metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Cassatt DR, Winters TA, PrabhuDas M. Immune Dysfunction from Radiation Exposure. Radiat Res 2023; 200:389-395. [PMID: 37702416 PMCID: PMC10599297 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00197.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ionizing radiation causes acute damage and loss of bone marrow and peripheral immune cells that can result in high mortality due to reduced resistance to infections and hemorrhage. Besides these acute effects, tissue damage from radiation can trigger inflammatory responses, leading to progressive and chronic tissue damage by radiation-induced loss of immune cell types that are required for resolving tissue injuries. Understanding the mechanisms involved in radiation-induced immune system injury and repair will provide new insights for developing medical countermeasures that help restore immune homeostasis. For these reasons, The Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP) and the Basic Immunology Branch (BIB) under the Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation (DAIT) within the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) convened a two-day workshop, along with partners from the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), and the Radiation Injury Treatment Network (RITN). This workshop, titled "Immune Dysfunction from Radiation Exposure," was held virtually on September 9-10, 2020; this Commentary provides a high-level overview of what was discussed at the meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Cassatt
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Rockville, Maryland
| | - Thomas A. Winters
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Rockville, Maryland
| | - Mercy PrabhuDas
- Basic Immunology Branch (BIB), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
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Dias Gomes da Silva N, Sérgio da Silva Santos P, Carolina Magalhães A, Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf M. Antibacterial, antibiofilm and anticaries effect of BioXtra® mouthrinse for head and neck cancer (HNC) patients under a microcosm biofilm model. Radiother Oncol 2023; 187:109846. [PMID: 37543054 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Considering the lack of studies investigating salivary substitutes to control post-radiation caries for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), this study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anticaries effects of BioXtra® on the microcosm biofilm formed on different enamel types (non-irradiated and irradiated) and from distinct saliva sources (control and HNC patients). MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-irradiated and irradiated enamel specimens were treated with BioXtra®, phosphate-buffered-saline (PBS; negative control), or 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX; positive control) for 1 min. Biofilm was produced from human saliva (healthy participants with normal salivary flow for the control group or irradiated HNC patients with hyposalivation for the HNC group), mixed with McBain saliva, under 0.2% sucrose exposure, daily submitted to the treatments (1 min), for 5 days. Bacterial metabolic activity, biofilm viability, CFU counting, and enamel demineralization were determined. RESULTS BioXtra® significantly reduced the bacterial metabolic activity for both enamel types and the inoculum sources, being more effective for the irradiated enamel or for the saliva from the control group. Similarly, BioXtra® significantly reduced the biofilm viability, the CFU for total microorganisms, mutans streptococci, and lactobacilli, and was able to significantly reduce the mineral loss and the lesion depth compared to PBS. CHX was an effective treatment to significantly reduce all parameters, performing better than BioXtra® and reinforcing its reliable efficiency as a positive control. CONCLUSION Regardless of the enamel type and the inoculum source, BioXtra® presented antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anticaries effects under this experimental model, which should be confirmed in further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natara Dias Gomes da Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Magalhães
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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96
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Li Z, Shen Y, Xin J, Xu X, Ding Q, Chen W, Wang J, Lv Y, Wei X, Wei Y, Zhang W, Zu X, Wang S. Cryptotanshinone alleviates radiation-induced lung fibrosis via modulation of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4557-4571. [PMID: 37427974 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Cryptotanshinone (CPT), a major biological active ingredient extracted from root of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), has shown several pharmacological activities. However, the effect of CPT on radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) is unknown. In this study, we explored the protective effects of CPT on RILF from gut-lung axis angle, specifically focusing on the bile acid (BA)-gut microbiota axis. We found that CPT could inhibit the process of epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and suppress inflammation to reduce the deposition of extracellular matrix in lung fibrosis in mice induced by radiation. In addition, 16S rDNA gene sequencing and BAs-targeted metabolomics analysis demonstrated that CPT could improve the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and BA metabolites in RILF mice. CPT significantly enriched the proportion of the beneficial genera Enterorhabdus and Akkermansia, and depleted that of Erysipelatoclostridium, which were correlated with increased intestinal levels of several farnesoid X receptor (FXR) natural agonists, such as deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid, activating the FXR pathway. Taken together, these results suggested that CPT can regulate radiation-induced disruption of gut microbiota and BAs metabolism of mice, and reduce the radiation-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis. Thus, CPT may be a promising drug candidate for treating RILF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunheng Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayun Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xike Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yanhui Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xintong Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yanping Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xianpeng Zu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shumei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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97
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Hollingsworth BA, Aldrich JT, Case CM, DiCarlo AL, Hoffman CM, Jakubowski AA, Liu Q, Loelius SG, PrabhuDas M, Winters TA, Cassatt DR. Immune Dysfunction from Radiation Exposure. Radiat Res 2023; 200:396-416. [PMID: 38152282 PMCID: PMC10751071 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00004.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The hematopoietic system is highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. Damage to the immune system may result in opportunistic infections and hemorrhage, which could lead to mortality. Inflammation triggered by tissue damage can also lead to additional local or widespread tissue damage. The immune system is responsible for tissue repair and restoration, which is made more challenging when it is in the process of self-recovery. Because of these challenges, the Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP) and the Basic Immunology Branch (BIB) under the Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation (DAIT) within the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), along with partners from the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), and the Radiation Injury Treatment Network (RITN) sponsored a two-day meeting titled Immune Dysfunction from Radiation Exposure held on September 9-10, 2020. The intent was to discuss the manifestations and mechanisms of radiation-induced immune dysfunction in people and animals, identify knowledge gaps, and discuss possible treatments to restore immune function and enhance tissue repair after irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brynn A. Hollingsworth
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
- Current address: Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | - Cullen M. Case
- Radiation Injury Treatment Network, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Andrea L. DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
| | - Corey M. Hoffman
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, DC
| | | | - Qian Liu
- Basic Immunology Branch (BIB), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
| | - Shannon G. Loelius
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, DC
| | - Mercy PrabhuDas
- Basic Immunology Branch (BIB), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
| | - Thomas A. Winters
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
| | - David R. Cassatt
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
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98
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Cui W, Hull L, Zizzo A, Wang L, Lin B, Zhai M, Xiao M. The gut microbiome changes in wild type and IL-18 knockout mice after 9.0 Gy total body irradiation. Anim Microbiome 2023; 5:42. [PMID: 37679818 PMCID: PMC10485964 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that gut microbiome plays important roles in response to radiation exposure. IL-18, an inflammatory cytokine, is highly elevated in mice, mini-pigs and nonhuman primates after radiation exposure. Blocking IL-18 using its endogenous binding protein (IL-18BP) increases mice survival after radiation exposure by decreasing bone marrow interferon-gamma levels. METHODS To further characterize the roles of IL-18 in response to radiation, both wild type and IL-18 knockout (IL-18 KO) mice were exposed to 9.0 Gy total body irradiation (TBI). The 30-day survival result demonstrated that IL-18 KO mice were significantly more resistant to radiation compared to the wild type mice (p < 0.0001). Mouse faecal samples were collected at pre-radiation (d0), d1, d3, d7, d14, d21 and d29 after radiation exposure. Microbiome profiling was performed on the faecal samples using 16S and ITS sequencing technology. RESULTS Data analysis showed that there was significant difference in the bacterial microbiome between wild type and IL-18 KO mice. Cohousing of wild type and IL-18 KO mice decreased the bacterial microbiome difference between the two genotypes. Much fewer bacterial genera were significantly changed in wild type mice than the IL-18 KO mice after radiation exposure. The different composition of the IL-18 KO mice and wild type mice persisted even after radiation exposure. Bacterial genera that significantly correlated with other genera were identified in the IL-18 KO and wild type mice. The metabolic pathways that differentially expressed in both genotypes were identified. The animal bacterial microbiome data could be used to predict the animal's radiation status. The fungal microbiome had no significant difference regarding genotype or time after radiation exposure. CONCLUSION The current study helps understand the gut microbiome in different genetic backgrounds and its temporal changes after radiation exposure. Our data provide insight into the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced toxicity and help identify bacteria important in response to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchang Cui
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA.
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
| | - Lisa Hull
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Alex Zizzo
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Bin Lin
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Min Zhai
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Mang Xiao
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA.
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99
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Gabrielli G, Shouval R, Ghilardi G, van den Brink M, Ruella M. Harnessing the Gut Microbiota to Potentiate the Efficacy of CAR T Cell Therapy. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e950. [PMID: 37637993 PMCID: PMC10448936 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gabrielli
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roni Shouval
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guido Ghilardi
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marcel van den Brink
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco Ruella
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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100
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Wu Z, Wang Y, Li L, Zhen S, Du H, Wang Z, Xiao S, Wu J, Zhu L, Shen J, Wang Z. New insights into the antimicrobial action and protective therapeutic effect of tirapazamine towards Escherichia coli-infected mice. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2023; 62:106923. [PMID: 37433388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.106923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Escherichia coli is an important pathogen responsible for numerous cases of diarrhoea worldwide. The bioreductive agent tirapazamine (TPZ), which was clinically used to treat various types of cancers, has obvious antibacterial activity against E. coli strains. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the protective therapeutic effects of TPZ in E. coli-infected mice and provide insights into its antimicrobial action mechanism. METHODS The MIC and MBC tests, drug sensitivity test, crystal violet assay and proteomic analysis were used to detect the in vitro antibacterial activity of TPZ. The clinical symptoms of infected mice, tissue bacteria load, histopathological features and gut microbiota changes were regarded as indicators to evaluation the efficacy of TPZ in vivo. RESULTS Interestingly, TPZ-induced the reversal of drug resistance in E. coli by regulating the expression of resistance-related genes, which may have an auxiliary role in the clinical treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections. More importantly, the proteomics analysis showed that TPZ upregulated 53 proteins and downregulated 47 proteins in E. coli. Among these, the bacterial defence response-related proteins colicin M and colicin B, SOS response-related proteins RecA, UvrABC system protein A, and Holliday junction ATP-dependent DNA helicase RuvB were all significantly upregulated. The quorum sensing-related protein glutamate decarboxylase, ABC transporter-related protein glycerol-3-phosphate transporter polar-binding protein, and ABC transporter polar-binding protein YtfQ were significantly downregulated. The oxidoreductase activity-related proteins pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase, glutaredoxin 2 (Grx2), NAD(+)-dependent aldehyde reductase, and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, which participate in the elimination of harmful oxygen free radicals in the oxidation-reduction process pathway, were also significantly downregulated. Moreover, TPZ improved the survival rate of infected mice; significantly reduced the bacteria load in the liver, spleen, and colon; and alleviated E. coli-associated pathological damages. The gut microbiota also changed in TPZ-treated mice, and these genera were considerably differentiated: Candidatus Arthromitus, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group, Prevotellaceae UCG-001, Actinospica, and Bifidobacterium. CONCLUSIONS TPZ may represent an effective and promising lead molecule for the development of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of E. coli infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouhui Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Sihui Zhen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jinliang Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Lifei Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
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