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Norda S, Papadantonaki R. Regulation of cells of the arterial wall by hypoxia and its role in the development of atherosclerosis. VASA 2023; 52:6-21. [PMID: 36484144 DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cell's response to hypoxia depends on stabilization of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 complex and transactivation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). HIF target gene transcription in cells resident to atherosclerotic lesions adjoins a complex interplay of cytokines and mediators of inflammation affecting cholesterol uptake, migration, and inflammation. Maladaptive activation of the HIF-pathway and transactivation of nuclear factor kappa-B causes monocytes to invade early atherosclerotic lesions, maintaining inflammation and aggravating a low-oxygen environment. Meanwhile HIF-dependent upregulation of the ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1 causes attenuation of cholesterol efflux and ultimately macrophages becoming foam cells. Hypoxia facilitates neovascularization by upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted by endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells lining the arterial wall destabilizing the plaque. HIF-knockout animal models and inhibitor studies were able to show beneficial effects on atherogenesis by counteracting the HIF-pathway in the cell wall. In this review the authors elaborate on the up-to-date literature on regulation of cells of the arterial wall through activation of HIF-1α and its effect on atherosclerotic plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Norda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Rosa Papadantonaki
- Emergency Department, West Middlesex University Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Mone P, Lombardi A, Kansakar U, Varzideh F, Jankauskas SS, Pansini A, Marzocco S, De Gennaro S, Famiglietti M, Macina G, Frullone S, Santulli G. Empagliflozin Improves the MicroRNA Signature of Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Diabetes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:116-122. [PMID: 36549862 PMCID: PMC9827502 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction represents a key mechanism underlying heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), diabetes mellitus (DM), and frailty. However, reliable biomarkers to monitor endothelial dysfunction in these patients are lacking. In this study, we evaluated the expression of a panel of circulating microRNAs (miRs) involved in the regulation of endothelial function in a population of frail older adults with HFpEF and DM treated for 3 months with empagliflozin, metformin, or insulin. We identified a distinctive pattern of miRs that were significantly regulated in HFpEF patients compared to healthy controls and to HFpEF patients treated with the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin. Three miRs were significantly downregulated (miR-126, miR-342-3p, and miR-638) and two were significantly upregulated (miR-21 and miR-92) in HFpEF patients compared to healthy controls. Strikingly, two of these miRs (miR-21 and miR-92) were significantly reduced in HFpEF patients after the 3-month treatment with empagliflozin, whereas no significant differences in the profile of endothelial miRs were detected in patients treated with metformin or insulin. Taken together, our findings demonstrate for the first time that specific circulating miRs involved in the regulation of endothelial function are significantly regulated in frail HFpEF patients with DM and in response to SGLT2 inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We have identified a novel microRNA signature functionally involved in the regulation of endothelial function that is significantly regulated in frail patients with HFpEF and diabetes. Moreover, the treatment with the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin caused a modification of some of these microRNAs in a direction that was opposite to what observed in HFpEF patients, indicating a rescue of endothelial function. Our findings are relevant for clinical practice inasmuch as we were able to establish novel biomarkers of disease and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Stanislovas S Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Antonella Pansini
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Stefania Marzocco
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Stefano De Gennaro
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Michele Famiglietti
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Gaetano Macina
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Salvatore Frullone
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (P.M., A.L., U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.); Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Avellino, Avellino, Italy (P.M., A.P., S.D.G., M.F., G.M., S.F.); University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy (S.M.); International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME) and Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy (G.S.); and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York (U.K., F.V., S.S.J., G.S.)
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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Mu G, Xie Q, Zhou S, Wang Z, Cao Y, Tan Y, Wei X, Yuan D, Xiang Q, Cui Y. Circulating miR-320a-3p and miR-483-5p level associated with pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profiles of rivaroxaban. Hum Genomics 2022; 16:72. [PMID: 36578040 PMCID: PMC9795792 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-022-00445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel biomarkers for personalizing anticoagulation remain undetermined. We aimed to investigate the association of plasma miRNAs with pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) profiles of rivaroxaban. METHODS This is a multicenter, exploratory study of miRNAs in a Chinese population. Healthy volunteers and patients receiving rivaroxaban were enrolled in the study. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0-t h (AUC0-t) and anti-Xa activity at 3 h (AXA3h) were measured in healthy volunteers, and AXA3h was measured in patients. MiRNAs were detected by miRNA microarray in 26 healthy volunteers with 20 mg rivaroxaban, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to exclude undetectable ones. MiR-320a-3p and miR-483-5p were then quantified in 65 healthy volunteers and 71 patients. MiRNA levels at 3 h were compared between high and low AXA3h or AUC0-t subjects and in matched patients with or without bleeding during follow-up. The miRNA targets were predicted by TargetScan, miRTarBase, and miRDB. Validated genes were included in GO enrichment and KEGG analyses. The protein-protein interaction network was established by STRING and visualized by Cytoscape. RESULTS A total of 136 Chinese subjects completed the study. In healthy volunteers taking 15 mg rivaroxaban, the miR-320a level at 3 h was significantly positively correlated with AXA3h and AUC0-t (r = 0.359, p = 0.025; r = 0.370, p = 0.02, respectively). A positive correlation was also observed between miR-483 and AXA3h or AUC0-t (r = 0.372, p = 0.02; r = 0.523, p = 0.001, respectively). MiR-320a and miR-483 levels at 3 h in the higher AUC0-t group were significantly higher than those at 0 h. MiR-483 levels at 3 h may distinguish healthy volunteers with high or low AXA3h or AUC0-t. In the 10 mg fed subgroup, higher 3 h mir-483 levels were also observed compared with the control group. No significant differences were found in the comparisons among patients. Bioinformatic analysis showed that these miRNAs may play a regulatory role by targeting ABCG2, ITGB3, PTEN, MAPK1/3, etc. CONCLUSIONS: MiR-320a and miR-483 levels were found to be associated with PK and PD profiles of rivaroxaban in healthy Chinese subjects. Further studies are required to verify these findings and explore the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxu Zhang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Guangyan Mu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Qiufen Xie
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Yu Cao
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Office of Drug Clinical Trial Management, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong China
| | - Yunlong Tan
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Wei
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Clinical Trial Research Center, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi China
| | - Dongdong Yuan
- grid.417239.aDepartment of Pharmacy, The 7Th People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Qian Xiang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Yimin Cui
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034 China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Sabbaghian A, Mussack V, Kirchner B, Bui MLU, Kalani MR, Pfaffl MW, Golalipour M. A panel of blood-derived miRNAs with a stable expression pattern as a potential pan-cancer detection signature. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1030749. [PMID: 36589227 PMCID: PMC9798419 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1030749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: MicroRNAs have a significant role in the regulation of the transcriptome. Several miRNAs have been proposed as potential biomarkers in different malignancies. However, contradictory results have been reported on the capability of miRNA biomarkers in cancer detection. The human biological clock involves molecular mechanisms that regulate several genes over time. Therefore, the sampling time becomes one of the significant factors in gene expression studies. Method: In the present study, we have tried to find miRNAs with minimum fluctuation in expression levels at different time points that could be more accurate candidates as diagnostic biomarkers. The small RNA-seq raw data of ten healthy individuals across nine-time points were analyzed to identify miRNAs with stable expression. Results: We have found five oscillation patterns. The stable miRNAs were investigated in 779 small-RNA-seq datasets of eleven cancer types. All miRNAs with the highest differential expression were selected for further analysis. The selected miRNAs were explored for functional pathways. The predominantly enriched pathways were miRNA in cancer and the P53-signaling pathway. Finally, we have found seven miRNAs, including miR-142-3p, miR-199a-5p, miR-223-5p, let-7d-5p, miR-148b-3p, miR-340-5p, and miR-421. These miRNAs showed minimum fluctuation in healthy blood and were dysregulated in the blood of eleven cancer types. Conclusion: We have found a signature of seven stable miRNAs which dysregulate in several cancer types and may serve as potential pan-cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sabbaghian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Advanced Technologies Faculty, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Veronika Mussack
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kirchner
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria L. U. Bui
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mohammad Reza Kalani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Advanced Technologies Faculty, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Michael W. Pfaffl
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Masoud Golalipour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Advanced Technologies Faculty, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran,*Correspondence: Masoud Golalipour,
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Deciphering the Role of miR-200c-3p in Type 1 Diabetes (Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease) and Its Correlation with Inflammation and Vascular Health. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415659. [PMID: 36555301 PMCID: PMC9778946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncomplicated type 1 diabetes (T1DM) displays all features of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) as is associated with inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and low endothelial progenitor cells. MiR-200c-3p has been shown in animal tissues to be pro-atherogenic. We aimed to explore the role of miR-200c-3p in T1DM, a model of subclinical CVD. 19 samples from T1DM patients and 20 from matched controls (HC) were analyzed. MiR-200c in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results were compared with the following indices of vascular health: circulating endothelial progenitor cells, (CD45dimCD34+VEGFR-2+ or CD45dimCD34+CD133+) and proangiogenic cells (PACs). MiR-200c-3p was significantly downregulated in PBMCs but not in plasma in T1DM. There was a significant negative correlation between the expression of miR-200c-3p and HbA1c, interleukin-7 (IL-7), vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and a positive correlation with CD45dimCD34+VEGFR-2+, CD45dimCD34+CD133+ and PACs. Receiver operating curve analyses showed miR-200c-3p as a biomarker for T1DM with significant downregulation of miR-200c-3p, possibly defining subclinical CVD at HbA1c > 44.8 mmol/mol (6.2%). In conclusion, downregulated miR-200c-3p in T1DM correlated with diabetic control, VEGF signaling, inflammation, vascular health and targeting VEGF signaling, and may define subclinical CVD. Further prospective studies are necessary to validate our findings in a larger group of patients.
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Role of Adipose Tissue microRNAs in the Onset of Metabolic Diseases and Implications in the Context of the DOHaD. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233711. [PMID: 36496971 PMCID: PMC9739499 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide epidemic of obesity is associated with numerous comorbid conditions, including metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance and diabetes, in particular. The situation is likely to worsen, as the increase in obesity rates among children will probably lead to an earlier onset and more severe course for metabolic diseases. The origin of this earlier development of obesity may lie in both behavior (changes in nutrition, physical activity, etc.) and in children's history, as it appears to be at least partly programmed by the fetal/neonatal environment. The concept of the developmental origin of health and diseases (DOHaD), involving both organogenesis and epigenetic mechanisms, encompasses such programming. Epigenetic mechanisms include the action of microRNAs, which seem to play an important role in adipocyte functions. Interestingly, microRNAs seem to play a particular role in propagating local insulin resistance to other key organs, thereby inducing global insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This propagation involves the active secretion of exosomes containing microRNAs by adipocytes and adipose tissue-resident macrophages, as well as long-distance communication targeting the muscles and liver, for example. Circulating microRNAs may also be useful as biomarkers for the identification of populations at risk of subsequently developing obesity and metabolic diseases.
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Kabłak-Ziembicka A, Badacz R, Przewłocki T. Clinical Application of Serum microRNAs in Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226849. [PMID: 36431326 PMCID: PMC9698927 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are promising diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomolecules for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerotic occlusive disease concerns a large population of patients, carrying the highest incidence of fatal and non-fatal adverse events, such as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and limb ischemia, worldwide. Consistently, miRs are involved in regulation and pathogenesis of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD), acute coronary syndromes (ACS), both with ST-segment (STEMI) and non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarctions (NSTEMI), as well as cardiac remodeling and fibrosis following ACS. However, the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying adverse outcomes in CAD are multifactorial, and sometimes difficult to interpret for clinicians. Therefore, in the present review paper we have focused on the clinical meaning and the interpretation of various miRs findings, and their potential application in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kabłak-Ziembicka
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Anny 12, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Laboratory, The John Paul II Hospital, Prądnicka 80, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Rafał Badacz
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Anny 12, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, The John Paul II Hospital, Prądnicka 80, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Przewłocki
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, The John Paul II Hospital, Prądnicka 80, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Anny 12, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
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Ilieva M, Panella R, Uchida S. MicroRNAs in Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223551. [PMID: 36428980 PMCID: PMC9688578 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cardiac tumor formation is rare, accumulating evidence suggests that the two leading causes of deaths, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases are similar in terms of pathogenesis, including angiogenesis, immune responses, and fibrosis. These similarities have led to the creation of new exciting field of study called cardio-oncology. Here, we review the similarities between cancer and cardiovascular disease from the perspective of microRNAs (miRNAs). As miRNAs are well-known regulators of translation by binding to the 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), we carefully dissect how a specific set of miRNAs are both oncomiRs (miRNAs in cancer) and myomiRs (muscle-related miRNAs). Furthermore, from the standpoint of similar pathogenesis, miRNAs categories related to the similar pathogenesis are discussed; namely, angiomiRs, Immune-miRs, and fibromiRs.
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Nourmohammadi F, Forghanifard MM, Abbaszadegan MR, Zarrinpour V. EZH2 regulates oncomiR-200c and EMT markers in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18290. [PMID: 36316365 PMCID: PMC9622866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
EZH2, as a histone methyltransferase, has been associated with cancer development and metastasis possibly through the regulation of microRNAs and cellular pathways such as EMT. In this study, the effect of EZH2 expression on miR-200c and important genes of the EMT pathway was investigated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Comparative qRT-PCR was used to examine EZH2 expression in ESCC lines (YM-1 and KYSE-30) following the separately transfected silencing and ectopic expressional EZH2 vectors in ESCC. Subsequently, expression of miR-200c and EMT markers was also assessed using qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Underexpression of Mir200c was detected in YM-1 and KYSE-30 cells after EZH2 silencing, while its overexpression was observed after EZH2 induced expression. Following EZH2 silencing, downregulation of mesenchymal markers and upregulation of epithelial markers were detected in the ESCCs. Our results demonstrate that EZH2 regulates the expression of miR-200c and critical EMT genes, implying that overexpression of Zeb2, Fibronectin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin lead to a mesenchymal phenotype and morphology while underexpression of epithelial genes, enhance cell migration after enforced expression of EZH2 in ESCCs. EZH2 gene can be a beneficial treatment marker for patients with esophageal cancer through decrease invasiveness of the disease and efficient response to neoadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vajiheh Zarrinpour
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
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Rogula S, Pomirski B, Czyżak N, Eyileten C, Postuła M, Szarpak Ł, Filipiak KJ, Kurzyna M, Jaguszewski M, Mazurek T, Grabowski M, Gąsecka A. Biomarker-based approach to determine etiology and severity of pulmonary hypertension: Focus on microRNA. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:980718. [PMID: 36277769 PMCID: PMC9582157 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.980718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by remodeling of the pulmonary arteries, and defined by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, measured during right heart catheterization. There are three main challenges to the diagnostic and therapeutic process of patients with PAH. First, it is difficult to differentiate particular PAH etiology. Second, invasive diagnostic is required to precisely determine the severity of PAH, and thus to qualify patients for an appropriate treatment. Third, the results of treatment of PAH are unpredictable and remain unsatisfactory. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate post transcriptional gene-expression. Their role as a prognostic, and diagnostic biomarkers in many different diseases have been studied in recent years. MiRNAs are promising novel biomarkers in PAH due to their activity in various molecular pathways and processes underlying PAH. Lack of biomarkers to differentiate between particular PAH etiology and evaluate the severity of PAH, as well as paucity of therapeutic targets in PAH open a new field for the possibility to use miRNAs in these applications. In our article, we discuss the potential of miRNAs use as diagnostic tools, prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwester Rogula
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland,*Correspondence: Sylwester Rogula,
| | - Bartosz Pomirski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Norbert Czyżak
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland,Genomics Core Facility, Center of New Technologies (CeNT), University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Postuła
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Szarpak
- Department of Outcomes Research, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J. Filipiak
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kurzyna
- Department of Pulmonary Circulation, Thromboembolic Diseases and Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, European Health Centre Otwock, Otwock, Poland
| | - Miłosz Jaguszewski
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mazurek
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Grabowski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gąsecka
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Shah P, Agbor-Enoh S, Bagchi P, deFilippi CR, Mercado A, Diao G, Morales DJ, Shah KB, Najjar SS, Feller E, Hsu S, Rodrigo ME, Lewsey SC, Jang MK, Marboe C, Berry GJ, Khush KK, Valantine HA. Circulating microRNAs in cellular and antibody-mediated heart transplant rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022; 41:1401-1413. [PMID: 35872109 PMCID: PMC9529890 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noninvasive monitoring of heart allograft health is important to improve clinical outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRs) are promising biomarkers of cardiovascular disease and limited studies suggest they can be used to noninvasively diagnose acute heart transplant rejection. METHODS The Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) is a multicenter prospective cohort study that phenotyped heart transplant patients from 5 mid-Atlantic centers. Patients who had no history of rejection after transplant were compared to patients with acute cellular rejection (ACR) or antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Small RNA sequencing was performed on plasma samples collected at the time of an endomyocardial biopsy. Differential miR expression was performed with adjustment for clinical covariates. Regression was used to develop miR panels with high diagnostic accuracy for ACR and AMR. These panels were then validated in independent samples from GRAfT and Stanford University. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated and area under the curve (AUC) statistics calculated. Distinct ACR and AMR clinical scores were developed to translate miR expression data for clinical use. RESULTS The GRAfT cohort had a median age of 52 years, with 35% females and 45% Black patients. Between GRAfT and Stanford, we included 157 heart transplant patients: 108 controls and 49 with rejection (50 ACR and 38 AMR episodes). After differential miR expression and regression analysis, we identified 12 miRs that accurately discriminate ACR and 17 miRs in AMR. Independent validation of the miR panels within GRAfT led to an ACR AUC 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86-0.98) and AMR AUC 0.82 (95% CI: 0.74-0.90). The externally validated ACR AUC was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.59-0.82). We developed distinct ACR and AMR miR clinical scores (range 0-100), a score ≥ 65, identified ACR with 86% sensitivity, 76% specificity, and 98% negative predictive value, for AMR score performance was 82%, 84% and 97%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We identified novel miRs that had excellent performance to noninvasively diagnose acute rejection after heart transplantation. Once rigorously validated, the unique clinical ACR and AMR scores usher in an era whereby genomic biomarkers can be used to screen and diagnose the subtype of rejection. These novel biomarkers may potentially alleviate the need for an endomyocardial biopsy while facilitating the initiation of targeted therapy based on the noninvasive diagnosis of ACR or AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Shah
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support & Transplant, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia; Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT), Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Sean Agbor-Enoh
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT), Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Applied Precision Genomics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pramita Bagchi
- Volgenau School of Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | | | - Angela Mercado
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support & Transplant, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Gouqing Diao
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Dave Jp Morales
- Heart Failure & Transplantation, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Keyur B Shah
- The Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Samer S Najjar
- Advanced Heart Failure Program, Medstar Heart and Vascular Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Erika Feller
- Heart Failure & Transplantation, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Steven Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Maria E Rodrigo
- The Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Sabra C Lewsey
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Moon Kyoo Jang
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT), Bethesda, Maryland; Applied Precision Genomics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Charles Marboe
- Department of Pathology, New York Presbyterian University Hospital of Cornell and Columbia, New York, New York, New York
| | - Gerald J Berry
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Kiran K Khush
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Hannah A Valantine
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT), Bethesda, Maryland; Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
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da Silva Nunes PC, Mazzarella R, da Silveira JC, Dellova DCAL. Evaluation of circulating extracellular vesicles and miRNA in neutered and obese female dogs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16439. [PMID: 36180561 PMCID: PMC9525304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a metabolic and endocrine organ, and its adipocytes can synthesize and secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), thus allowing intercellular communication. EVs are nanoparticles that transport lipids, proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids (mRNA and microRNAs). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. miR-132, miR-26b, and miR-155 are associated with obesity, lipid metabolism and adipogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the enriched EVs fraction containing miRNAs (miR-132, miR-26b, and miR-155) in serum from obese female dogs. Thirty-two neutered females in good general condition were recruited, including 21 obese and 11 healthy controls. The initial evaluation of the females included a general physical examination and laboratory tests. Small EVs (sEVs) were isolated from whole blood by serial centrifugation and ultracentrifugation, and nanoparticle analysis was used to determine the size and concentration of serum sEVs. miRNAs were extracted from sEVs enriched fraction and analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Obese female dogs with hypertriglyceridemia showed an increase in the sEVs concentration and in the expression of miR-132 and miR-26b in sEVs enriched fraction. No changes were observed in the group of obese female dogs with normal serum biochemical profile and in relation to miR-155 expression. These results suggest that obese female dogs with hypertriglyceridemia may present alterations in sEVs and in the expression of miRNAs related to lipid metabolism and adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Caroline da Silva Nunes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Rosane Mazzarella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Juliano Coelho da Silveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Deise Carla Almeida Leite Dellova
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, 13635-900, Brazil.
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63
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Kang L, Luo J, Li P, Zhang G, Wei M, Ji M, Guan H. miR-125a-3p regulates apoptosis by suppressing TMBIM4 in lens epithelial cells. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 43:1261-1274. [PMID: 36173547 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the regulatory effect of miR-125a-3p on lens epithelial cells (LECs) under ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) irradiation. METHODS The expression of miR-125a-3p in age-related cataract (ARC) specimens and cell models was detected by qRT-PCR. UVB was utilized to establish DNA damage model of LECs. Cell count kit-8 was applied in detecting cell viability. Cell apoptosis ratio was analyzed by flow cytometry. Dual luciferase reports were applied to analyze the mechanism between miRNA and target genes. Nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot were used to identify whether the exosomes were typical exosomes. RESULTS miR-125a-3p was upregulated in ARC tissues and LECs treated with UVB. Knockdown of miR-125a-3p in LECs significantly decreased apoptosis and increased viability of UVB-irradiated LECs. We predicted that miR-125a-3p could regulate transmembrane Bax inhibitor motif containing 4 (TMBIM4) by the bioinformatics databases TargetScan, miRBase, and miRWalk. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miR-125a-3p may suppress TMBIM4 protein translation by binding to 3'UTR of TMBIM4 mRNA. Overexpression of miR-125a-3p decreased TMBIM4, which suggested that miR-125a-3p could inhibit TMBIM4. Moreover, knockdown of TMBIM4 decreased cell viability and enhanced cell apoptosis during UVB irradiation. In addition, the exosome secretion of LECs irradiated by UVB was enhanced, and the expression of miR-125a-3p was high. Cell viability was significantly decreased, and cell apoptosis was increased during UVB-exos treatment. CONCLUSION This study indicated that miR-125a-3p regulated apoptosis by suppressing TMBIM4 in LECs under oxidative damage, providing a new idea for clinical therapeutic target of cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Kang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiawei Luo
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Miao Wei
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Ji
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition characterized by reproductive, hyperandrogenic and dysmetabolic features, and often becomes clinically manifest during adolescence, particularly with weight-gain. SOURCES OF DATA Pubmed search. AREAS OF AGREEMENT PCOS is heritable and closely associates with obesity (based on data from both epidemiological and genetic studies). Furthermore, insulin resistance forms a central cornerstone of the pathogenesis of PCOS and mediates a close association between obesity and the severity of the phenotypic features of PCOS. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Our understanding of the pathogenesis of PCOS remains incomplete, especially regarding its missing heritability (with only a small fraction having been identified from the genome-wide association studies reported to date), and its developmental origins. GROWING POINTS A challenge for the future is to explore a role for epigenetic modifications in the development of PCOS, and implications for the in utero environment and novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Barber
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
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Rhim J, Baek W, Seo Y, Kim JH. From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutics: Understanding MicroRNA-21 in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182791. [PMID: 36139366 PMCID: PMC9497241 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play an important role in regulating gene expression at a posttranscriptional level. As one of the first discovered oncogenic miRNAs, microRNA-21 (miR-21) has been highlighted for its critical role in cancers, such as glioblastoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and many others. MiR-21 targets many vital components in a wide range of cancers and acts on various cellular processes ranging from cancer stemness to cell death. Expression of miR-21 is elevated within cancer tissues and circulating miR-21 is readily detectable in biofluids, making it valuable as a cancer biomarker with significant potential for use in diagnosis and prognosis. Advances in RNA-based therapeutics have revealed additional avenues by which miR-21 can be utilized as a promising target in cancer. The purpose of this review is to outline the roles of miR-21 as a key modulator in various cancers and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Rhim
- Cancer Molecular Biology Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Woosun Baek
- Cancer Molecular Biology Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Yoona Seo
- Cancer Molecular Biology Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Jong Heon Kim
- Cancer Molecular Biology Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-920-2204
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Zhao Y, Zhang T, Shen X, Huang A, Li H, Wang L, Liu X, Wang X, Song X, Wang S, Dong J, Shao N. Tumor necrosis factor alpha delivers exogenous inflammation-related microRNAs to recipient cells with functional targeting capabilities. Mol Ther 2022; 30:3052-3065. [PMID: 35791880 PMCID: PMC9481991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a critical pro-inflammatory cytokine in a wide range of tumors and infectious diseases. This study showed for the first time that TNF-α could specifically bind to certain intracellular or circulating inflammation-related microRNAs both in vitro and in vivo. The binding sites of TNF-α to microRNAs are located at the N-terminal of TNF-α and the 3'-GGUU motif of microRNAs. TNF-α could deliver exogenous unmodified single-stranded microRNAs into recipient cells through the TNF-α receptors (TNFRs) and stabilize them from being degraded by RNase in cells. Exogenous miR-146a or let-7c delivered into HCT116 cells by TNF-α could escape from lysosomes and specifically downregulate their target genes and then affect cell proliferation and migration in vitro, as well as tumorigenesis in vivo. Based on the above findings, the concept of "non-conjugated ligand-mediated RNA delivery (ncLMRD)" was proposed, which may serve as a promising strategy for therapeutic microRNA delivery in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechao Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Non-commissioned Officer School of Army Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Xuelian Shen
- Laibin Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Guangxi 546100, China
| | - Aixue Huang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiang Song
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Ningsheng Shao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
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miR-142 Targets TIM-1 in Human Endothelial Cells: Potential Implications for Stroke, COVID-19, Zika, Ebola, Dengue, and Other Viral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810242. [PMID: 36142146 PMCID: PMC9499484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) has been recently identified as one of the factors involved in the internalization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in human cells, in addition to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), neuropilin-1, and others. We hypothesized that specific microRNAs could target TIM-1, with potential implications for the management of patients suffering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). By combining bioinformatic analyses and functional assays, we identified miR-142 as a specific regulator of TIM-1 transcription. Since TIM-1 has been implicated in the regulation of endothelial function at the level of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and its levels have been shown to be associated with stroke and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, we validated miR-142 as a functional modulator of TIM-1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs). Taken together, our results indicate that miR-142 targets TIM-1, representing a novel strategy against cerebrovascular disorders, as well as systemic complications of SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections.
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Elbaz M, Faccini J, Laperche C, Grazide MH, Ruidavets JB, Vindis C. MiR-223 and MiR-186 Are Associated with Long-Term Mortality after Myocardial Infarction. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091243. [PMID: 36139082 PMCID: PMC9496068 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background—The identification and stratification of patients at risk of fatal outcomes after myocardial infarction (MI) is of considerable interest to guide secondary prevention therapies. Currently, no accurate biomarkers are available to identify subjects who are at risk of suffering acute manifestations of coronary heart disease as well as to predict adverse events after MI. Non-coding circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. The aims of the study were to investigate the clinical value of a panel of circulating miRNAs as accurate biomarkers associated with MI and mortality risk prediction in patients with documented MI. Methods and Results—seven circulating plasma miRNAs were analyzed in 67 MI patients and 80 control subjects at a high cardiovascular risk but without known coronary diseases. Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that six miRNAs were independently associated with MI occurrence. Among them, miR-223 and miR-186 reliably predicted long-term mortality in MI patients, in particular miR-223 (HR 1.57 per one-unit increase, p = 0.02), after left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) adjustment. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses provided a predictive threshold value of miR-223 expression (p = 0.028) for long-term mortality. Conclusions—Circulating miR-223 and miR-186 are promising predictive biomarkers for long-term mortality after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meyer Elbaz
- Department of Cardiology, Rangueil University Hospital, 31400 Toulouse, France
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, 31400 Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Clémence Laperche
- Department of Cardiology, Rangueil University Hospital, 31400 Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Grazide
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, 31400 Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Cécile Vindis
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, 31400 Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, 31400 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence:
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Prajzlerová K, Šenolt L, Filková M. Is there a potential of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers in rheumatic diseases? Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Yang Y, Yang H, Lian X, Yang S, Shen H, Wu S, Wang X, Lyu G. Circulating microRNA: Myocardium-derived prenatal biomarker of ventricular septal defects. Front Genet 2022; 13:899034. [PMID: 36035156 PMCID: PMC9403759 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.899034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recently, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) from maternal blood and amniotic fluid have been used as biomarkers for ventricular septal defect (VSD) diagnosis. However, whether circulating miRNAs are associated with fetal myocardium remains unknown.Methods: Dimethadione (DMO) induced a VSD rat model. The miRNA expression profiles of the myocardium, amniotic fluid and maternal serum were analyzed. Differentially expressed microRNAs (DE-microRNAs) were verified by qRT–PCR. The target gene of miR-1-3p was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assays. Expression of amniotic fluid-derived DE-microRNAs was verified in clinical samples.Results: MiRNAs were differentially expressed in VSD fetal rats and might be involved in cardiomyocyte differentiation and apoptosis. MiR-1-3p, miR-1b and miR-293-5p were downregulated in the myocardium and upregulated in amniotic fluid/maternal serum. The expression of amniotic fluid-derived DE-microRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-206 and miR-184) was verified in clinical samples. Dual luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-1-3p directly targeted SLC8A1/NCX1.Conclusion: MiR-1-3p, miR-1b and miR-293-5p are downregulated in VSD myocardium and upregulated in circulation and may be released into circulation by cardiomyocytes. MiR-1-3p targets SLC8A1/NCX1 and participates in myocardial apoptosis. MiR-1-3p upregulation in circulation is a direct and powerful indicator of fetal VSD and is expected to serve as a prenatal VSD diagnostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hainan Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xihua Lian
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Shuping Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Haolin Shen
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shufen Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiali Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Maternal and Infant Health Service Application Technology, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guorong Lyu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Maternal and Infant Health Service Application Technology, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Guorong Lyu,
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71
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Heianza Y, Krohn K, Xue Q, Yaskolka Meir A, Ziesche S, Ceglarek U, Blüher M, Keller M, Kovacs P, Shai I, Qi L. Changes in circulating microRNAs-99/100 and reductions of visceral and ectopic fat depots in response to lifestyle interventions: the CENTRAL trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:165-172. [PMID: 35348584 PMCID: PMC9257465 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs and important posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. Adipose tissue is a major source of circulating miRNAs; adipose-related circulating miRNAs may regulate body fat distribution and glucose metabolism. OBJECTIVES We investigated how changes in adipose-related circulating microRNAs-99/100 (miR-99/100) in response to lifestyle interventions were associated with improved body fat distribution and reductions of diabetogenic ectopic fat depots among adults with abdominal obesity. METHODS This study included adults with abdominal obesity from an 18-mo diet and physical activity intervention trial. Circulating miR-99a-5p, miR-99b-5p, and miR-100-5p were measured at baseline and 18 mo; changes in these miRNAs in response to the interventions were evaluated. The primary outcomes were changes in abdominal adipose tissue [visceral (VAT), deep subcutaneous (DSAT), and superficial subcutaneous (SSAT) adipose tissue; cm2] (n = 144). The secondary outcomes were changes in ectopic fat accumulation in the liver (n = 141) and pancreas (n = 143). RESULTS Greater decreases in miR-100-5p were associated with more reductions of VAT (β ± SE per 1-SD decrease: -9.63 ± 3.13 cm2; P = 0.0025), DSAT (β ± SE: -5.48 ± 2.36 cm2; P = 0.0218), SSAT (β ± SE: -4.64 ± 1.68 cm2; P = 0.0067), and intrahepatic fat percentage (β ± SE: -1.54% ± 0.49%; P = 0.0023) after the interventions. Similarly, participants with greater decrease in miR-99a-5p had larger 18-mo reductions of VAT (β ± SE: -10.12 ± 3.31 cm2 per 1-SD decrease; P = 0.0027) and intrahepatic fat percentage (β ± SE: -1.28% ± 0.52%; P = 0.015). Further, decreases in circulating miR-99b-5p (β ± SE: per 1-SD decrease: -0.44% ± 0.21%; P = 0.038) and miR-100-5p (β ± SE: -0.50% ± 0.23%; P = 0.033) were associated with a decrease in pancreatic fat percentage, as well as improved glucose metabolism and insulin secretion at 18 mo. CONCLUSIONS Decreases in circulating miR-99-5p/100-5p expression induced by lifestyle interventions were related to improved body fat distribution and ectopic fat accumulation. Our study suggests that changes in circulating adipose-related miR-99-5p/100-5p may be linked to reducing diabetogenic fat depots in patients with abdominal obesity.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01530724.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Heianza
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Knut Krohn
- Core Unit DNA Technologies, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Qiaochu Xue
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Anat Yaskolka Meir
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Stefanie Ziesche
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Center Munich, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Keller
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Center Munich, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Iris Shai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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72
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Huang C, Wang R, Lu J, He Y, Wu Y, Ma W, Xu J, Wu Z, Feng Z, Wu M. MicroRNA
‐338‐3p as a therapeutic target in cardiac fibrosis through
FGFR2
suppression. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24584. [PMID: 35792028 PMCID: PMC9396162 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of cardiac fibrosis involves the activation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and their differentiation into myofibroblasts, which leads to the disruption of the extracellular matrix network. In the past few years, microRNAs (miRNA) have been described as potential targets for treating cardiac diseases. Although miR‐338‐3p has been shown to participate in the development of carcinoma, whether it affects cardiac fibrosis is unclear. Methods We examined the expression profiles of microRNAs in left ventricular samples of heart failure mice established by thoracic aortic constriction (TAC). Real‐time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR‐338‐3p. CCK‐8 assay/Transwell migration assay was used to measure the proliferation rate/migration of CFs. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to test the binding between miR‐338‐3p and FGFR2. Results This study demonstrated that miR‐338‐3p was significantly decreased in thoracic aortic constriction mice. Cardiac miR‐338‐3p amounts were also reduced in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Interestingly, miR‐338‐3p overexpression inhibited α‐SMA, COL1A1, and COL3A1 expression, as well as cell proliferation and migration in CFs. Bioinformatics analysis and dual‐luciferase reporter assays revealed FGFR2 was targeted by miR‐338‐3p, whose antifibrotic effect could be alleviated by overexpression of FGFR2. Moreover, in DCM cases, serum miR‐338‐3p levels were markedly elevated in individuals with worse outcomes. Conclusions The present study provides evidence that miR‐338‐3p suppresses cardiac fibroblast activation, proliferation, and migration by directly targeting FGFR2 in mice. Besides, serum miR‐338‐3p might constitute a potential prognostic biomarker of dilated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangzhou China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangzhou China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- Department of Medical Services The First Affiliated Hopital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yongli He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit Guangdong General Hospital Zhuhai Hospital Zhuhai Golden Bay Center Hospital Zhuhai China
| | - Yueheng Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangzhou China
| | - Wuxia Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangzhou China
| | - Jindong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangzhou China
| | - Zejia Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangzhou China
| | - Zhe Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangzhou China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangzhou China
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Circulating microRNAs as the Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071160. [PMID: 35885944 PMCID: PMC9318750 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs are endogenous non-coding miRNAs, 19–25 nucleotides in length, that can be detected in the extracellular environment in stable forms, named circulating miRNAs (CIR-miRNAs). Since the first discovery of CIR-miRNAs, a large number of studies have demonstrated that the abnormal changes in its expression could be used to significantly distinguish nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) from healthy cells. We herein reviewed and highlighted recent advances in the study of CIR-miRNAs in NPC, which pointed out the main components serving as promising and effective biomarkers for NPC diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, brief descriptions of its origin and unique characteristics are provided.
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Elrebehy MA, Al-Saeed S, Gamal S, El-Sayed A, Ahmed AA, Waheed O, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Sallam AAM, Doghish AS. miRNAs as cornerstones in colorectal cancer pathogenesis and resistance to therapy: A spotlight on signaling pathways interplay - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:583-600. [PMID: 35768045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the world's third most prevalent cancer and the main cause of cancer-related mortality. A lot of work has been put into improving CRC patients' clinical care, including the development of more effective methods and wide biomarkers variety for prognostic, and diagnostic purposes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate a variety of cellular processes and play a significant role in the CRC progression and spread via controlling their target gene expression by translation inhibition or mRNA degradation. Consequently, dysregulation and disruption in their function, miRNAs are linked to CRC malignant pathogenesis by controlling several cellular processes involved in the CRC. These cellular processes include increased proliferative and invasive capacity, cell cycle aberration, evasion of apoptosis, enhanced EMT, promotion of angiogenesis and metastasis, and decreased sensitivity to major treatments. The miRNAs control cellular processes in CRC via regulation of pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin signaling, PTEN/AKT/mTOR axis, KRAS, TGFb signaling, VEGFR, EGFR, and P53. Hence, the goal of this review was to review miRNA biogenesis and present an updated summary of oncogenic and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs and their potential implication in CRC pathogenesis and responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We also summarise the biological importance and clinical applications of miRNAs in the CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sarah Al-Saeed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sara Gamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Asmaa El-Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa A Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Omnia Waheed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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75
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Liu M, Ren T, Lin Z, Hua M. Upregulated miR-146a expression in peripheral blood relates to Th17 and Treg imbalance in elder rheumatoid arthritis patients. Lifestyle Genom 2022; 15:98-106. [PMID: 35764071 DOI: 10.1159/000525112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression level of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) increased in peripheral blood and synovialis tissue of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patient, it may play an important role in the pathological process of RA. We investigated its possibility as a diagnostic marker and the correlation with Th17 and Treg cells in elder RA patients. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 38 active RA patients, 38 inactive RA patients, and 40 healthy controls. RNA expression levels of miR-146a were detected from the peripheral blood samples. The proportion of Th17 and Treg cells were analyzed, as well as their cell-specific transcription factor retinoic acid-related orphan receptor variant 2 (RORc) and forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3). Furthermore, secretion of pre-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors were detected. Correlations between miR-146a and these factors were also analyzed. RESULTS Compared with healthy control, expression levels of miR-146a in inactive and active groups were significant higher, with the highest level in active group. The expression of miR-146a and the RA severity, T helper 17 (Th17) cell ratio, RORc expression, IL-17 level showed a significant positive correlation, while it showed a significantly negative correlation with Treg cell ration, FOXP3 expression, and TGF-β1 secretion. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that miR-146a may be used as a disease progression marker in the peripheral blood of elder RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglan Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tianli Ren
- Rheumatology Department, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Minhui Hua
- Rheumatology Department, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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Shishikura D, Octavia Y, Hayat U, Thondapu V, Barlis P. Atherogenesis and Inflammation. Interv Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119697367.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Non-Coding RNAs in the Therapeutic Landscape of Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111805. [PMID: 35681500 PMCID: PMC9180404 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a major health problem, and long-term survival for people diagnosed with heart failure is, still, unrealistic. Pathological cardiac hypertrophy largely contributes to morbidity and mortality, as effective therapeutic approaches are lacking. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) arise as active regulators of the signaling pathways and mechanisms that govern this pathology, and their therapeutic potential has received great attention in the last decades. Preclinical studies in large animal models have been successful in ameliorating cardiac hypertrophy, and an antisense drug for the treatment of heart failure has, already, entered clinical trials. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac hypertrophy, the involvement of ncRNAs, and the current therapeutic landscape of oligonucleotides targeting these regulators. Strategies to improve the delivery of such therapeutics and overcome the actual challenges are, also, defined and discussed. With the fast advance in the improvement of oligonucleotide drug delivery, the inclusion of ncRNAs-targeting therapies for cardiac hypertrophy seems, increasingly, a closer reality.
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Neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles induce endothelial inflammation and damage through the transfer of miRNAs. J Autoimmun 2022; 129:102826. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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79
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Yang Q, Wang P, Cai Y, Cui Y, Cui J, Du X, Chen Y, Zhang T. Circulating MicroRNA-505 May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker for Hypertension-Associated Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:834121. [PMID: 35571179 PMCID: PMC9099007 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.834121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study has reported that the plasma microRNA-505 (miR-505) is elevated in hypertensive patients. However, the pathophysiological significance of miR-505 in hypertension remains to be elucidated. Hypertension is not only a vascular disorder, but also an inflammatory condition. The current study therefore aims to further investigate the pathophysiological implications of miR-505 in hypertension-associated vascular and inflammatory changes. In vivo experiments reveal that the plasma level of miR-505 is elevated in spontaneously hypertensive rats and angiotensin II-infused mice. In addition, miR-505 agomir treatment results in elevated blood pressure, endothelial dysfunction, increased vascular expression of inflammatory genes and renal inflammatory injuries as well as pre-activation of PBMCs in mice. In vitro experiments further demonstrate that miR-505 agomir increases the expression of IL1B and TNFA, whereas miR-505 antagomir attenuates TNF-α-induced upregulation of IL1B and TNFA in endothelial cells, HUVECs. In addition, miR-505 modulates the levels of endothelial activation markers VCAM1 and E-selectin in HUVECs as well as the adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to HUVECs. Lastly, the plasma level of miR-505 is positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and the level of C-reactive protein in human subjects. Our work links for the first time miR-505 to endothelial dysfunction and inflammation under hypertensive conditions, supporting the translational value of miR-505 in prognosticating hypertension-associated endothelial impairment and inflammatory injuries in target organs such as the vessels and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinbo Yang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiwei Wang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing Cai
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimeng Cui
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingang Cui
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoye Du
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Chen,
| | - Teng Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Teng Zhang,
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Zhou X, Xu C, Chao D, Chen Z, Li S, Shi M, Pei Y, Dai Y, Ji J, Ji Y, Ji Q. Acute Cerebral Ischemia Increases a Set of Brain-Specific miRNAs in Serum Small Extracellular Vesicles. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:874903. [PMID: 35571371 PMCID: PMC9094043 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.874903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) miRNAs are promising diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for ischemic stroke (IS). This study aimed to determine the impact of IS on the serum sEVs miRNA profile of IS patients and a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mouse model. Small RNAseq was used to define the serum sEVs miRNA profile in IS patients and healthy controls (HC), and tMCAO mice and sham controls. Among the 1,444 and 1,373 miRNAs identified in human and mouse serum sEVs, the expression of 424 and 37 miRNAs was significantly altered in the IS patients and tMCAO mice, respectively (| Log2FC| ≥ 1, p < 0.01). Notably, five of the top 25 upregulated miRNAs in IS patients were brain-specific or enriched, including hsa-miR-9-3p, hsa-miR-124-3p, hsa-miR-143-3p, hsa-miR-98-5p, and hsa-miR-93-5p. Upregulation of these four miRNAs was further validated by qPCR. Nine of the 20 upregulated miRNAs in tMCAO mice were also brain-specific or enriched miRNAs. Temporal analysis indicated that the dynamics of mmu-miR-9-5p, mmu-miR-124-3p, mmu-miR-129-5p, and mmu-miR-433-3p were closely correlated with the evolution of ischemic brain injury, as their expression increased at 0.5 days after the onset of ischemia, peaked at day 1 or 3, and returned to normal levels at day 7 and 14. Notably, with the exceptions of mmu-miR-128-3p, the expression of the other eight miRNAs in the mouse serum sEVs was unaffected in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation model. Together, in this study, we provided a comprehensive view of the influences of IS on the serum sEVs miRNA profile of IS patients and tMCAO mice and demonstrated the increment of a set of brain-specific miRNAs in serum sEVs after acute cerebral ischemia, which could be promising candidates directly reflecting the ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Immunology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenxue Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dachong Chao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Immunology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixin Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Immunology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyuan Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Immunology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Shi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuqiang Pei
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yujuan Dai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Juling Ji
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuhua Ji
- College of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Immunology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Yuhua Ji,
| | - Qiuhong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Qiuhong Ji,
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Klyucherev TO, Olszewski P, Shalimova AA, Chubarev VN, Tarasov VV, Attwood MM, Syvänen S, Schiöth HB. Advances in the development of new biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:25. [PMID: 35449079 PMCID: PMC9027827 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, heterogeneous, progressive disease and is the most common type of neurodegenerative dementia. The prevalence of AD is expected to increase as the population ages, placing an additional burden on national healthcare systems. There is a large need for new diagnostic tests that can detect AD at an early stage with high specificity at relatively low cost. The development of modern analytical diagnostic tools has made it possible to determine several biomarkers of AD with high specificity, including pathogenic proteins, markers of synaptic dysfunction, and markers of inflammation in the blood. There is a considerable potential in using microRNA (miRNA) as markers of AD, and diagnostic studies based on miRNA panels suggest that AD could potentially be determined with high accuracy for individual patients. Studies of the retina with improved methods of visualization of the fundus are also showing promising results for the potential diagnosis of the disease. This review focuses on the recent developments of blood, plasma, and ocular biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timofey O Klyucherev
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pawel Olszewski
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alena A Shalimova
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Chubarev
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim V Tarasov
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Misty M Attwood
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stina Syvänen
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden.
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82
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Ma Z, Zhu T, Wang H, Wang B, Fu L, Yu G. Investigation of serum markers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma based on machine learning methods. J Biochem 2022; 172:29-36. [PMID: 35415740 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the malignant tumors with high mortality in humans, and there is a lack of effective and convenient early diagnosis methods. By analyzing the serum miRNA expression data in ESCC tumor samples and normal samples, on the basis of the max-relevance and min-redundancy (mRMR) feature selection and the incremental feature selection (IFS) method, a random forest classifier constructed by 5 feature miRNAs was acquired in our study. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the model was able to distinguish samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) and sample hierarchical cluster analysis showed that 5 feature miRNAs could well distinguish ESCC patients from healthy individuals. The expression levels of miR-663a, miR-5100 and miR-221-3p all showed a higher expression level in ESCC patients than those in healthy individuals. On the contrary, miR-6763-5p and miR-7111-5p both showed lower expression levels in ESCC patients than those in healthy individuals. In addition, the collected clinical serum samples were used for qRT-PCR analysis. It was uncovered that the expression trends of the 5 feature miRNAs followed a similar pattern with those in the training set. The above findings indicated that the 5 feature miRNAs may be serum tumor markers of ESCC. This study offers new insights for the early diagnosis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China, 312000
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China, 312000
| | - Haiyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China, 312000
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China, 312000
| | - Linhai Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China, 312000
| | - Guangmao Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China, 312000
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83
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Cornejo MA, Linz TH. Multiplexed miRNA Quantitation Using Injectionless Microfluidic Thermal Gel Electrophoresis. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5674-5681. [PMID: 35349277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of biomolecules that have high clinical and pharmaceutical significance because of their ability to regulate protein expression. Better methods are needed to quantify target miRNAs, but their similar sequence lengths and low concentrations in biomedical samples impede analysis. This report aimed to develop a simple, rapid method to directly quantify multiple miRNAs using microfluidic thermal gel electrophoresis (TGE). Fluorescent probes were designed complementarily in sequence to four target miRNAs that also contained variable DNA overhangs to alter their electrophoretic mobilities. Samples and probes were directly added into thermal gel and loaded throughout a microchannel. Applying voltage resulted in an inline preconcentration and separation of the miRNAs that did not require a sample injection nor user intervention to switch between modes. Baseline resolution was achieved between four double-stranded miRNA-probe hybrids and four excess single-stranded probes. Analytical performance was then improved by designing an innovative microfluidic device with a tapered channel geometry. This device exhibited superior detection limits and separation resolution compared to standard channel devices without increasing the complexity of microfabrication or device operation. A proof-of-concept demonstration was then performed, showing that target miRNAs could be detected from cell extracts. These results demonstrate that TGE provides a simple, inexpensive means of conducting multiplexed miRNA measurements, with the potential for automation to facilitate future clinical and pharmaceutical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Cornejo
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Thomas H Linz
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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84
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Šimonienė D, Stukas D, Daukša A, Veličkienė D. Clinical Role of Serum miR-107 in Type 2 Diabetes and Related Risk Factors. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040558. [PMID: 35454146 PMCID: PMC9027608 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As the diagnostic and treatment options for diabetes improve, more attention nowadays is being paid to the exact identification of the etiopathological mechanism of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathogenetic background for T2DM. Several studies demonstrate that miRNAs play an important role in systemic inflammation and thus in T2DM pathogenesis. Overexpression of miR-107 may cause an imbalance of glucose homeostasis, obesity, and dyslipidemia, by regulating insulin sensitivity through the insulin signaling pathway. Methods: 53 patients with T2DM and 54 nondiabetic patients were involved in the study. This study aimed to examine whether miR-107 expression in the serum of patients with diabetes was different from the control group (non-diabetic) and whether miR-107 expression correlated with lipid levels, BMI, and other factors, and finally, with insulin resistance in general. Results: miR-107 expression was higher in the T2DM group than in the control group (1.33 versus 0.63 (p = 0.016). In general, miR-107 expression was directly and positively associated with BMI (r = 0.3, p = 0.01), age (r = 0.3, p = 0.004), and male gender (p = 0.006). Moreover, miR-107 was related to dyslipidemia: Patients with higher miR-107 levels had lower HDL levels (in the control group: r = −0.262, p = 0.022 vs. diabetic group: r = −0.315, p = 0.007). Finally, the overexpression of miR-107 was associated with higher HOMA-IR in the diabetic group (r = 0.373, p = 0.035). Conclusion: MiR-107 expression is higher among diabetic patients than that of nondiabetic control subjects. Higher miR-107 levels are also related to dyslipidemia (lower HDL levels)—in the general cohort and non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, higher miR-107 expression is related to insulin resistance in the diabetic group. In general, higher miR-107 expression levels are related to a higher BMI, older age, and the male gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Šimonienė
- Department of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-6-8979121
| | - Darius Stukas
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Albertas Daukša
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.S.); (A.D.)
- Department of Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Džilda Veličkienė
- Department of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Institute of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS), 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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85
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Park H, Park H, Park J. Circulating microRNA‑423 attenuates the phosphorylation of calcium handling proteins in atrial fibrillation. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:186. [PMID: 35348192 PMCID: PMC8985206 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non‑coding RNAs that control patterns of gene expression by inducing the degradation of mRNAs. In addition, miRNAs are known to serve an important role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). In general, AF is diagnosed using electrocardiography. However, the present study investigated whether specific miRNAs derived from microarray analysis of human urine could regulate AF through the inhibition of calcium handling protein phosphorylation in an AF model. Microarray analysis of the transcriptome in the human urine of patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and AF revealed that 7 differentially expressed miRNAs were significantly downregulated (miR‑3613, 6763, 423, 3162, 1180, 6511, 3197) in patients with AF. In addition, quantitative PCR results demonstrated that collagen I, collagen III, fibronectin and TGF‑β, which are fibrosis‑related genes, were upregulated in patients with AF. Furthermore, fibrosis‑related genes were upregulated in angiotensin II‑induced atrial myocytes, which demonstrated that these genes may be targets of miR‑423. In the AF cell model transfected with miR‑423, the expression of calcium handling proteins, including phosphorylated calmodulin‑dependent protein kinase II, was reduced. The transfection of miR‑423 attenuated damage to cardiac cells caused by calcium handling proteins. The findings highlight the importance of calcium handling protein phosphorylation changes in fibrosis‑induced AF and support miR‑423 detection in human urine as a potential novel approach of AF diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Park
- Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyelim Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Junbeom Park
- Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
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86
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Sacco A, Martelli F, Pal A, Saraceno C, Benussi L, Ghidoni R, Rongioletti M, Squitti R. Regulatory miRNAs in Cardiovascular and Alzheimer's Disease: A Focus on Copper. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3327. [PMID: 35328747 PMCID: PMC8948703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), are key regulators of differentiation and development. In the cell, transcription factors regulate the production of miRNA in response to different external stimuli. Copper (Cu) is a heavy metal and an essential micronutrient with widespread industrial applications. It is involved in a number of vital biological processes encompassing respiration, blood cell line maturation, and immune responses. In recent years, the link between deregulation of miRNAs' functionality and the development of various pathologies as well as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has been extensively studied. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly with a complex disease etiology, and its link with Cu abnormalities is being increasingly studied. A direct interaction between COMMD1, a regulator of the Cu pathway, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) HIF-1a does exist in ischemic injury, but little information has been collected on the role of Cu in hypoxia associated with AD thus far. The current review deals with this matter in an attempt to structurally discuss the link between miRNA expression and Cu dysregulation in AD and CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sacco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy;
| | - Amit Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Kalyani 741245, India;
| | - Claudia Saraceno
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Mauro Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
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87
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Ionescu RF, Enache RM, Cretoiu SM, Cretoiu D. The Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and miRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:856901. [PMID: 35369298 PMCID: PMC8965857 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.856901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota contains microorganisms found on the skin, mucosal surfaces and in other tissues. The major component, the gut microbiota, can be influenced by diet, genetics, and environmental factors. Any change in its composition results in pathophysiological changes that can further influence the evolution of different conditions, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The microbiome is a complex ecosystem and can be considered the metagenome of the microbiota. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are speculated to interact with the intestinal microbiota for modulating gene expressions of the host. miRNAs represent a category of small non-coding RNAs, consisting of approximately 22 nucleotides, which can regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level, by influencing the degradation of mRNA and modifying protein amounts. miRNAs display a multitude of roles, being able to influence the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. Circulating miRNAs are stable against degradation, due to their enclosure into extracellular vesicles (EVs). This review aims to assess the current knowledge of the possible interactions between gut microbiota, miRNAs, and CVDs. As more scientific research is conducted, it can be speculated that personalized patient care in the future may include the management of gut microbiota composition and the targeted treatment against certain expression of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Mihai Enache
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sanda Maria Cretoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- *Correspondence: Sanda Maria Cretoiu ;
| | - Dragos Cretoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania
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88
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Vavassori C, Cipriani E, Colombo GI. Circulating MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers in Risk Assessment and Prognosis of Coronary Artery Disease. Eur Cardiol 2022; 17:e06. [PMID: 35321524 PMCID: PMC8924954 DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2021.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is among the leading causes of death worldwide. Nevertheless, available cardiovascular risk prediction algorithms still miss a significant portion of individuals at-risk. Thus, the search for novel non-invasive biomarkers to refine cardiovascular risk assessment is both an urgent need and an attractive topic, which may lead to a more accurate risk stratification and/or prognostic score definition for coronary artery disease. A new class of such non-invasive biomarkers is represented by extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) circulating in the blood. MiRNAs are non-coding RNA of 22–25 nucleotides in length that play a significant role in both cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. Given their high stability and conservation, resistance to degradative enzymes, and detectability in body fluids, circulating miRNAs are promising emerging biomarkers, and specific expression patterns have already been associated with a wide range of cardiovascular conditions. In this review, an overview of the role of blood miRNAs in risk assessment and prognosis of coronary artery disease is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Vavassori
- Unit of Immunology and Functional Genomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Cardiovascular Section, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cipriani
- Unit of Immunology and Functional Genomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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89
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Gholipour A, Shakerian F, Zahedmehr A, Irani S, Mowla SJ, Malakootian M. Downregulation of Talin-1 is associated with the increased expression of miR-182-5p and miR-9-5p in coronary artery disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24252. [PMID: 35156729 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence indicates that the dysregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components can lead to cardiovascular diseases. The Talin-1 (TLN1) gene is a major component of the ECM, and it mediates integrin adhesion to the ECM. In this study, we aimed to determine microRNAs (miRs) that regulate the expression of TLN1 and determine expression alterations in TLN1 and its targeting miRs in coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS Data sets of CAD and normal samples of blood exosomes were downloaded, and TLN1 was chosen as one of the genes with differential expressions in an in silico analysis. Next, miR-182-5p and miR-9-5p, which have a binding site on 3´-UTR of TLN1, were selected using bioinformatics tools. Then, the miR target site was cloned in the psiCHECK-2 vector, and direct interaction between the miR target site and the TLN1 3'-UTR putative target site was investigated by luciferase assay. The expression of miR-182-5p, miR-9-5p, and TLN1 in the serum samples of CAD and non-CAD individuals was assessed via a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Our data revealed that miR-182-5p directly regulated the expression of TLN1. Moreover, miR-182-5p and miR-9-5p were significantly upregulated in the CAD group. Hence, both bioinformatics and experimental analyses determined the downregulated expression of TLN1 in the CAD samples. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that miR-182-5p and miR-9-5p could play significant roles in TLN1 regulation and participate in CAD development by targeting TLN1. These findings introduce novel biomarkers with a potential role in CAD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Gholipour
- Department of Biology, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Shakerian
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zahedmehr
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Malakootian
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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90
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Weerts J, Mourmans SGJ, Barandiarán Aizpurua A, Schroen BLM, Knackstedt C, Eringa E, Houben AJHM, van Empel VPM. The Role of Systemic Microvascular Dysfunction in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020278. [PMID: 35204779 PMCID: PMC8961612 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a condition with increasing incidence, leading to a health care problem of epidemic proportions for which no curative treatments exist. Consequently, an urge exists to better understand the pathophysiology of HFpEF. Accumulating evidence suggests a key pathophysiological role for coronary microvascular dysfunction (MVD), with an underlying mechanism of low-grade pro-inflammatory state caused by systemic comorbidities. The systemic entity of comorbidities and inflammation in HFpEF imply that patients develop HFpEF due to systemic mechanisms causing coronary MVD, or systemic MVD. The absence or presence of peripheral MVD in HFpEF would reflect HFpEF being predominantly a cardiac or a systemic disease. Here, we will review the current state of the art of cardiac and systemic microvascular dysfunction in HFpEF (Graphical Abstract), resulting in future perspectives on new diagnostic modalities and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerremy Weerts
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.G.J.M.); (A.B.A.); (B.L.M.S.); (C.K.); (V.P.M.v.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-43-387-7097
| | - Sanne G. J. Mourmans
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.G.J.M.); (A.B.A.); (B.L.M.S.); (C.K.); (V.P.M.v.E.)
| | - Arantxa Barandiarán Aizpurua
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.G.J.M.); (A.B.A.); (B.L.M.S.); (C.K.); (V.P.M.v.E.)
| | - Blanche L. M. Schroen
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.G.J.M.); (A.B.A.); (B.L.M.S.); (C.K.); (V.P.M.v.E.)
| | - Christian Knackstedt
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.G.J.M.); (A.B.A.); (B.L.M.S.); (C.K.); (V.P.M.v.E.)
| | - Etto Eringa
- Department of Physiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfons J. H. M. Houben
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Vanessa P. M. van Empel
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.G.J.M.); (A.B.A.); (B.L.M.S.); (C.K.); (V.P.M.v.E.)
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91
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Differential Expression of miRNA-223 in Coronary In-Stent Restenosis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030849. [PMID: 35160300 PMCID: PMC8836934 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In-stent restenosis (ISR) is an unfavorable complication that occurs in patients after coronary stenting. Despite the progress with advent of modern DES and new antiplatelet agents, restenosis still hampers PCI short- and long-term results. The aim of this study was to investigate whether circulating miRNA-223, which is associated with HDL particles and involved in cholesterol efflux pathway, have diagnostic capability for determining ISR. Methods: This case–control study comprised 21 ISR and 26 NISR patients. The level of miRNA-223 expression was evaluated by TaqMan Real-Time PCR, quantified by the comparative method (fold change) and normalized to U6 expression. Results: Patients in ISR and NISR groups were not different in terms of demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters, except that the percentage of patients who had DES was significantly greater in the NISR group (88.9%) in comparison with the ISR group (50%). The serum expression of miRNA-223 in ISR patients was 3.277 ± 0.9 times greater than that in NISR group (p = 0.016). In addition, the results of binary logistic regression demonstrated that the high level of serum miRNA-223 was strongly and positively associated with the ISR risk (OR: 17.818, 95% CI: 1.115–284.623, p = 0.042) after adjustment for age, sex, HDL-C, LDL-C, FBS, and statin consumption. Conclusion: Elevated serum level of miRNA-223 might be helpful in predicting the occurrence of ISR. Further confirmation in future large-scale studies is warranted.
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92
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Doghish AS, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elkady MA, Elrebehy MA, Sallam AAM. A review of the biological role of miRNAs in prostate cancer suppression and progression. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 197:141-156. [PMID: 34968539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although the current treatment strategies are progressing rapidly, PC is still representing a substantial medical problem for affected patients. Several factors are involved in PC initiation, progression, and treatments failure including microRNAs (miRNAs). The miRNAs are endogenous short non-coding RNA sequence negatively regulating target mRNA expression via degradation or translation repression. miRNAs play a pivotal role in PC pathogenesis through its ability to initiate the induction of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and proliferation, as well as sustained cell cycle, evading apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Furthermore, miRNAs regulate major molecular pathways affecting PC such as the androgen receptor (AR) pathway, p53 pathway, PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, miRNAs alter PC therapeutic response towards the androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT). Thus, the understanding and profiling of the altered miRNAs expression in PC could be utilized as a non-invasive biomarker for the early diagnosis as well as for patient sub-grouping with different prognoses for individualized treatment. Accordingly, in the current review, we summarized in updated form the roles of various oncogenic and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs in PC, revealing their underlying molecular mechanisms in PC initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elkady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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93
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Metal-organic frameworks-assisted nonenzymatic cascade amplification multiplexed strategy for sensing acute myocardial infarction related microRNAs. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 196:113706. [PMID: 34678651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amplification strategies for multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) detection are pivotal for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Herein, we rationally developed a metal-organic frameworks-assisted nonenzymatic cascade amplification strategy for simultaneous quantification of three AMI-related miRNAs (miR-21, miR-499 and miR-133a). The fluorescence of the elaborately designed DNA molecular beacons with the respective modification of FAM, TAMRA and Cy5 in the terminal was quenched by a metal-organic framework named Fe-MIL-88. When targets miRNA appeared, they hybridized with the corresponding DNA molecular beacons, and the catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA) reaction would be triggered, producing "Y" shaped three-branched duplex nanostructure with the targets released, and initiating subsequent another cycle. The "Y" shaped nanostructures could not be adsorbed onto the surface of Fe-MIL-88 due to the weaker affinity between Fe-MIL-88 and "Y" shaped nanostructures. Therefore, the fluorescence of "Y" shaped nanostructures could not be quenched by Fe-MIL-88. In this way, three AMI-related miRNAs were simultaneously detected in the respective ranges of 0.05-30 nM, 0.08-30 nM and 0.1-20 nM with respective limits of detection down to 13, 25 and 40 pM. Furthermore, the method was successfully employed to determine three AMI-related miRNAs in human serum. The strategy offered great opportunity for ultrasensitive detecting multiple AMI-related miRNAs and substantially improving the accuracy of clinical early AMI diagnosis.
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94
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Fierti AO, Yakass MB, Okertchiri EA, Adadey SM, Quaye O. The Role of Epstein-Barr Virus in Modulating Key Tumor Suppressor Genes in Associated Malignancies: Epigenetics, Transcriptional, and Post-Translational Modifications. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010127. [PMID: 35053275 PMCID: PMC8773690 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is ubiquitous and carried by approximately 90% of the world’s adult population. Several mechanisms and pathways have been proposed as to how EBV facilitates the pathogenesis and progression of malignancies, such as Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Burkitt’s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and gastric cancers, the majority of which have been linked to viral proteins that are expressed upon infection including latent membrane proteins (LMPs) and Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigens (EBNAs). EBV expresses microRNAs that facilitate the progression of some cancers. Mostly, EBV induces epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes, degradation of tumor suppressor mRNA transcripts, post-translational modification, and inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which EBV modulates different tumor suppressors at the molecular and cellular levels in associated cancers. Briefly, EBV gene products upregulate DNA methylases to induce epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes via hypermethylation. MicroRNAs expressed by EBV are also involved in the direct targeting of tumor suppressor genes for degradation, and other EBV gene products directly bind to tumor suppressor proteins to inactivate them. All these processes result in downregulation and impaired function of tumor suppressors, ultimately promoting malignances.
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95
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Zhao Q, Nooren SJL, Zijlstra LE, Westenberg JJM, Kroft LJM, Jukema JW, Berkhout-Byrne NC, Rabelink TJ, van Zonneveld AJ, van Buren M, Mooijaart SP, Bijkerk R. Circulating miRNAs and Vascular Injury Markers Associate with Cardiovascular Function in Older Patients Reaching End-Stage Kidney Disease. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8010002. [PMID: 35076541 PMCID: PMC8788543 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is rapidly increasing and mostly occurring in patients aged 65 years or older. The main cause of death in these patients is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Novel markers of vascular integrity may thus be of clinical value for identifying patients at high risk for CVD. Here we associated the levels of selected circulating angiogenic miRNAs, angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) with cardiovascular structure and function (as determined by cardiovascular MRI) in 67 older patients reaching ESKD that were included from ‘The Cognitive decline in Older Patients with End stage renal disease’ (COPE) prospective, multicentered cohort study. We first determined the association between the vascular injury markers and specific heart conditions and observed that ESKD patients with coronary heart disease have significantly higher levels of circulating ADMA and miR-27a. Moreover, circulating levels of miR-27a were higher in patients with atrial fibrillation. In addition, the circulating levels of the vascular injury markers were associated with measures of cardiovascular structure and function obtained from cardiovascular MRI: pulse wave velocity (PWV), ejection fraction (EF) and cardiac index (CI). We found Ang-2 and miR-27a to be strongly correlated to the PWV, while Ang-2 also associated with ejection fraction. Finally, we observed that in contrast to miR-27a, Ang-2 was not associated with a vascular cause of the primary kidney disease, suggesting Ang-2 may be an ESKD-specific marker of vascular injury. Taken together, among older patients with ESKD, aberrant levels of vascular injury markers (miR-27a, Ang-2 and ADMA) associated with impaired cardiovascular function. These markers may serve to identify individuals at higher risk of CVD, as well as give insight into the underlying (vascular) pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Q.Z.); (S.J.L.N.); (N.C.B.-B.); (T.J.R.); (A.J.v.Z.); (M.v.B.)
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine J. L. Nooren
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Q.Z.); (S.J.L.N.); (N.C.B.-B.); (T.J.R.); (A.J.v.Z.); (M.v.B.)
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laurien E. Zijlstra
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.E.Z.); (J.W.J.)
| | - Jos J. M. Westenberg
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (J.J.M.W.); (L.J.M.K.)
| | - Lucia J. M. Kroft
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (J.J.M.W.); (L.J.M.K.)
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.E.Z.); (J.W.J.)
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Moreelsepark 1, 3511 EP Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Noeleen C. Berkhout-Byrne
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Q.Z.); (S.J.L.N.); (N.C.B.-B.); (T.J.R.); (A.J.v.Z.); (M.v.B.)
| | - Ton J. Rabelink
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Q.Z.); (S.J.L.N.); (N.C.B.-B.); (T.J.R.); (A.J.v.Z.); (M.v.B.)
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Q.Z.); (S.J.L.N.); (N.C.B.-B.); (T.J.R.); (A.J.v.Z.); (M.v.B.)
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn van Buren
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Q.Z.); (S.J.L.N.); (N.C.B.-B.); (T.J.R.); (A.J.v.Z.); (M.v.B.)
- Department of Nephrology, HAGA Hospital, 2545 AA The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Simon P. Mooijaart
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Roel Bijkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Q.Z.); (S.J.L.N.); (N.C.B.-B.); (T.J.R.); (A.J.v.Z.); (M.v.B.)
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-(0)71-526-8138; Fax: +31-(0)71-526-6868
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96
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Silveira A, Gomes J, Roque F, Fernandes T, de Oliveira EM. MicroRNAs in Obesity-Associated Disorders: The Role of Exercise Training. Obes Facts 2022; 15:105-117. [PMID: 35051942 PMCID: PMC9021631 DOI: 10.1159/000517849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic affecting over 13% of the adult population and is defined by an excess of body fat that predisposes comorbidities. It is considered a multifactorial disease in which environmental and genetic factors interact, and it is a risk marker for cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle modifications remain the mainstay of treatment for obesity based on adequate diet and physical exercise. In addition, obesity is related to cardiovascular and skeletal muscle disorders, such as cardiac hypertrophy, microvascular rarefaction, and skeletal muscle atrophy. The discovery of obesity-involved molecular pathways is an important step to improve both the prevention and management of this disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of gene regulators which bind most commonly, but not exclusively, to the 3'-untranslated regions of messenger RNAs of protein-coding genes and negatively regulate their expression. Considerable effort has been made to identify miRNAs and target genes that predispose to obesity. Besides their intracellular function, recent studies have demonstrated that miRNAs can be exported or released by cells and circulate within the blood in a remarkably stable form. The discovery of circulating miRNAs opens up intriguing possibilities for the use of circulating miRNA patterns as biomarkers for obesity and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the recent discoveries of the role played by miRNAs in the obese phenotype and associated comorbidities. Furthermore, we will discuss the role of exercise training on regulating miRNAs, indicating the mechanisms related to these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Silveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Gomes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Roque
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Fernandes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- *Tiago Fernandes,
| | - Edilamar Menezes de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- **Edilamar Menezes de Oliveira,
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97
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Wortelboer K, Bakker GJ, Winkelmeijer M, van Riel N, Levin E, Nieuwdorp M, Herrema H, Davids M. Fecal microbiota transplantation as tool to study the interrelation between microbiota composition and miRNA expression. Microbiol Res 2022; 257:126972. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.126972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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98
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Petković A, Erceg S, Munjas J, Ninić A, Sopić M. Circulating non-coding RNAs as biomarkers in coronary artery disease. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm72-36166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis involves an interplay of different pathological mechanisms, such as progressive inflammation, abnormal lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress, and as such represents the basic pathological phenomenon underlying CAD. Atherosclerotic plaque narrows the lumen of coronary arteries, creating an ischemic environment for the heart muscle, which finally leads to clinical complications, such as acute myocardial infarction. Currently, there are no biomarkers that could predict plaque stability or major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Numerous functional non-coding RNA (ncRNA) species influence basic cellular functions, and as such play a role in the development and progression of CAD. Of these ncRNAs, micro RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the most investigated. Considering that ncRNAs detected in extracellular fluids can originate from different cells, circulating ncRNAs are being intensively investigated as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of CAD. In the following paper, we provide current insights into potential molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs and lncRNAs contribute to the pathology of CAD and discuss their potential role as biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis of disease.
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99
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Mone P, de Donato A, Varzideh F, Kansakar U, Jankauskas SS, Pansini A, Santulli G. Functional role of miR-34a in diabetes and frailty. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:949924. [PMID: 35923683 PMCID: PMC9340262 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.949924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical role in the pathogenesis of several disorders. In the present minireview, we focus our attention on the functional role of a specific miRNA, namely miR-34a, in the pathophysiology of frailty and diabetes mellitus. Based on the current literature, we speculate that this miRNA may serve as a potential biomarker of frailty in diabetic older adults. Additionally, its actions on oxidative stress might represent a druggable target to obtain new potentials treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- ASL Avellino, Avellino, Italy
- *Correspondence: Pasquale Mone, ;,
| | | | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Gaetano Santulli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Einstein-Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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100
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Fluitt MB, Mohit N, Gambhir KK, Nunlee-Bland G. To the Future: The Role of Exosome-Derived microRNAs as Markers, Mediators, and Therapies for Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:5126968. [PMID: 35237694 PMCID: PMC8885279 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5126968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing at a staggering rate around the world. In the United States, more than 30.3 million Americans have DM. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for 91.2% of diabetic cases and disproportionately affects African Americans and Hispanics. T2DM is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients. While significant advances in T2DM treatment have been made, intensive glucose control has failed to reduce the development of macro and microvascular related deaths in this group. This highlights the need to further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to CVD in the setting of T2DM. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays an important role in the development of diabetes-induced vascular complications, including CVD and diabetic nephropathy (DN). Thus, the endothelium provides a lucrative means to investigate the molecular events involved in the development of vascular complications associated with T2DM. microRNAs (miRNA) participate in numerous cellular responses, including mediating messages in vascular homeostasis. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (40-160 nanometers) that are abundant in circulation and can deliver various molecules, including miRNAs, from donor to recipient cells to facilitate cell-to-cell communication. Endothelial cells are in constant contact with exosomes (and exosomal content) that can induce a functional response. This review discusses the modulatory role of exosomal miRNAs and proteins in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction, highlighting the significance of miRNAs as markers, mediators, and potential therapeutic interventions to ameliorate ED in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice B. Fluitt
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W St NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Neal Mohit
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W St NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
- Department of Biology, Howard University, 415 College St. NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Kanwal K. Gambhir
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W St NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Gail Nunlee-Bland
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W St NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
- Diabetes Treatment Center, Howard University Hospital, 2041 Georgia Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20060, USA
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