51
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Lin C, Wei D, Xin D, Pan J, Huang M. Ellagic acid inhibits proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts by down-regulating expression of HDAC1. J Toxicol Sci 2019; 44:425-433. [PMID: 31168029 DOI: 10.2131/jts.44.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) could be activated after myocardial infarction (MI). Thus, it is necessary to explore effective drugs to suppress the activation of CFs following MI. This study was designed to investigate the impacts of ellagic acid on CFs and the underlying mechanisms. The expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and fibrosis-related genes was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. The Masson's Trichrome Staining assay was used to evaluate the area of cardiac fibrosis. The proliferation and migration of CFs were measured by CCK8 Kit and Transwell assay, respectively. Our results showed that ellagic acid significantly reduced protein expression of HDAC1, mRNA expression of collagen I, collagen III, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the area of cardiac fibrosis in MI rats. In Ang II-stimulated CFs, ellagic acid (60 μmol/L) decreased the protein expression of HDAC1, collagen I, collagen III, MMP-2 and MMP-9, and inhibited cell proliferation and migration. Further, HDAC1 over-expression reversed the inhibitor effects of ellagic acid on proteins expression (collagen I, collagen III, MMP-2 and MMP-9) and proliferation and migration of CFs. The present results suggested that ellagic acid suppressed proliferation and migration of CFs by down-regulating expression of HDAC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Dazhen Wei
- Department of Intensive Care Unite, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Dawei Xin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jialin Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Mingyuan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
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52
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Shang L, Pin L, Zhu S, Zhong X, Zhang Y, Shun M, Liu Y, Hou M. Plantamajoside attenuates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy associated with the HDAC2 and AKT/ GSK-3β signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 307:21-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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53
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Popa-Fotea NM, Micheu MM, Bataila V, Scafa-Udriste A, Dorobantu L, Scarlatescu AI, Zamfir D, Stoian M, Onciul S, Dorobantu M. Exploring the Continuum of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-From DNA to Clinical Expression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55060299. [PMID: 31234582 PMCID: PMC6630598 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55060299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The concepts underlying hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) pathogenesis have evolved greatly over the last 60 years since the pioneering work of the British pathologist Donald Teare, presenting the autopsy findings of “asymmetric hypertrophy of the heart in young adults”. Advances in human genome analysis and cardiac imaging techniques have enriched our understanding of the complex architecture of the malady and shaped the way we perceive the illness continuum. Presently, HCM is acknowledged as “a disease of the sarcomere”, where the relationship between genotype and phenotype is not straightforward but subject to various genetic and nongenetic influences. The focus of this review is to discuss key aspects related to molecular mechanisms and imaging aspects that have prompted genotype–phenotype correlations, which will hopefully empower patient-tailored health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Monica Popa-Fotea
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Miruna Mihaela Micheu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Vlad Bataila
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alexandru Scafa-Udriste
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department 4-Cardiothoracic Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Lucian Dorobantu
- Cardiomyopathy Center, Monza Hospital, Tony Bulandra Street 27, 021968 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alina Ioana Scarlatescu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Diana Zamfir
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Monica Stoian
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Sebastian Onciul
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department 4-Cardiothoracic Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Maria Dorobantu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department 4-Cardiothoracic Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
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54
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Romanick SS, Ferguson BS. The nonepigenetic role for small molecule histone deacetylase inhibitors in the regulation of cardiac function. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:1345-1356. [PMID: 31161804 PMCID: PMC6714070 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight million US adults are projected to suffer from heart failure (HF) by 2030. Of concern, 5-year mortality rates following HF diagnosis approximate 40%. Small molecule histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy for the treatment and reversal of HF. Historically, HDACs were studied as regulators of nucleosomal histones, in which lysine deacetylation on histone tails changed DNA-histone protein electrostatic interactions, leading to chromatin condensation and changes in gene expression. However, recent proteomics studies have demonstrated that approximately 4500 proteins can be acetylated in various tissues; the function of most of these remains unknown. This Review will focus on the nonepigenetic role for lysine acetylation in the heart, with a focus on nonepigenetic actions for HDAC inhibitors on cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha S Romanick
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
- COBRE Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Bradley S Ferguson
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
- COBRE Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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55
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Hu T, Schreiter FC, Bagchi RA, Tatman PD, Hannink M, McKinsey TA. HDAC5 catalytic activity suppresses cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and NRF2 target gene expression. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8640-8652. [PMID: 30962285 PMCID: PMC6544848 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) and HDAC9 are class IIa HDACs that function as signal-responsive repressors of the epigenetic program for pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The conserved deacetylase domains of HDAC5 and HDAC9 are not required for inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy. Thus, the biological function of class IIa HDAC catalytic activity in the heart remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that catalytic activity of HDAC5, but not HDAC9, suppresses mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and subsequent induction of NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-dependent antioxidant gene expression in cardiomyocytes. Treatment of cardiomyocytes with TMP195 or TMP269, which are selective class IIa HDAC inhibitors, or shRNA-mediated knockdown of HDAC5 but not HDAC9 leads to stimulation of NRF2-mediated transcription in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner. Conversely, ectopic expression of catalytically active HDAC5 decreases cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and represses NRF2 activation. These findings establish a role of the catalytic domain of HDAC5 in the control of cardiomyocyte redox homeostasis and define TMP195 and TMP269 as a novel class of NRF2 activators that function by suppressing the enzymatic activity of an epigenetic regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjing Hu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Friederike C Schreiter
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rushita A Bagchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Philip D Tatman
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Mark Hannink
- Bond Life Sciences Center and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045.
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56
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Bagchi RA, Weeks KL. Histone deacetylases in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 130:151-159. [PMID: 30978343 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate gene transcription by catalyzing the removal of acetyl groups from key lysine residues in nucleosomal histones and via the recruitment of other epigenetic regulators to DNA promoter/enhancer regions. Over the past two decades, HDACs have been implicated in multiple processes pertinent to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, fibrosis, calcium handling, inflammation and energy metabolism. The development of small molecule HDAC inhibitors and genetically modified loss- and gain-of-function mouse models has allowed interrogation of the roles of specific HDAC isoforms in these processes. Isoform-selective HDAC inhibitors may prove to be powerful therapeutic agents for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushita A Bagchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Kate L Weeks
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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57
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Gatla HR, Muniraj N, Thevkar P, Yavvari S, Sukhavasi S, Makena MR. Regulation of Chemokines and Cytokines by Histone Deacetylases and an Update on Histone Decetylase Inhibitors in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1110. [PMID: 30841513 PMCID: PMC6429312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) counteract with each other to regulate gene expression by altering chromatin structure. Aberrant HDAC activity was reported in many human diseases including wide range of cancers, viral infections, cardiovascular complications, auto-immune diseases and kidney diseases. HDAC inhibitors are small molecules designed to block the malignant activity of HDACs. Chemokines and cytokines control inflammation, immunological and other key biological processes and are shown to be involved in various malignancies. Various HDACs and HDAC inhibitors were reported to regulate chemokines and cytokines. Even though HDAC inhibitors have remarkable anti-tumor activity in hematological cancers, they are not effective in treating many diseases and many patients relapse after treatment. However, the role of HDACs and cytokines in regulating these diseases still remain unclear. Therefore, understanding exact mechanisms and effector functions of HDACs are urgently needed to selectively inhibit them and to establish better a platform to combat various malignancies. In this review, we address regulation of chemokines and cytokines by HDACs and HDAC inhibitors and update on HDAC inhibitors in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himavanth Reddy Gatla
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Nethaji Muniraj
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Prashanth Thevkar
- Department of Microbiology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Siddhartha Yavvari
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Sahithi Sukhavasi
- Center for Distance Learning, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, AP 530045, India.
| | - Monish Ram Makena
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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58
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Yang M, Chen G, Zhang X, Guo Y, Yu Y, Tian L, Chang S, Chen ZK. Inhibition of class I HDACs attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis in a murine model. Pharmacol Res 2019; 142:192-204. [PMID: 30807866 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis is the most common of all the forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Research has shown that histone deacetylases (HDACs) participate in the process leading to renal fibrosis. However, the effects of class I HDAC inhibitors on the mechanisms of onset and progression of renal interstitial fibrosis are still unclear. Here, we present the effects and mechanisms of action of FK228 (a selective inhibitor of class I HDACs) in the murine model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and in vitro models. We investigated the antifibrotic role of FK228 in a murine model of UUO. We used two key effector cell populations, rat renal interstitial fibroblasts and renal tubular epithelial cells exposed to recombinant transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), to explore the mechanistic pathways among in vitro models. The results indicated that FK228 significantly suppressed the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) in both in vivo and in vitro models. FK228 inhibited renal fibroblast activation and proliferation and increased the acetylation of histone H3. We found that FK228 also inhibited the small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) and non-Smad signaling pathways. So FK228 could significantly suppress renal interstitial fibrosis via Smad and non-Smad pathways. FK228 may be the basis for a new and effective medicine for alleviating renal fibrosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Gen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuliang Guo
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Tian
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Chang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhonghua Klaus Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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59
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Zhang L, Zhang J, Jiang Q, Zhang L, Song W. Zinc binding groups for histone deacetylase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:714-721. [PMID: 29616828 PMCID: PMC6009916 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1417274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc binding groups (ZBGs) play a crucial role in targeting histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) to the active site of histone deacetylases (HDACs), thus determining the potency of HDACIs. Due to the high affinity to the zinc ion, hydroxamic acid is the most commonly used ZBG in the structure of HDACs. An alternative ZBG is benzamide group, which features excellent inhibitory selectivity for class I HDACs. Various ZBGs have been designed and tested to improve the activity and selectivity of HDACIs, and to overcome the pharmacokinetic limitations of current HDACIs. Herein, different kinds of ZBGs are reviewed and their features have been discussed for further design of HDACIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Qixiao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Weiguo Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
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60
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Zhang L, Chen Y, Jiang Q, Song W, Zhang L. Therapeutic potential of selective histone deacetylase 3 inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 162:534-542. [PMID: 30472601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are closely related to the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases, such as tumor, inflammation, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Inhibition of HDACs by developing HDAC inhibitors has achieved significant progress in the treatment of diseases caused by epigenetic abnormalities, and especially in the cancer therapy. Isoform selective HDAC inhibitors are emphasized to be disease specific and have less off-target effects and better safety performances. HDAC3 has been illustrated to play specific role in the development of several diseases, and the discovery of HDAC3 selective inhibitors has exhibited potential in the targeted disease treatment. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge about the prospects of selective inhibition of HDAC3 for the drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Qixiao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Weiguo Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
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61
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McKinsey TA, Vondriska TM, Wang Y. Epigenomic regulation of heart failure: integrating histone marks, long noncoding RNAs, and chromatin architecture. F1000Res 2018; 7. [PMID: 30416708 PMCID: PMC6206605 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15797.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic processes are known to have powerful roles in organ development across biology. It has recently been found that some of the chromatin modulatory machinery essential for proper development plays a previously unappreciated role in the pathogenesis of cardiac disease in adults. Investigations using genetic and pharmacologic gain- and loss-of-function approaches have interrogated the function of distinct epigenetic regulators, while the increased deployment of the suite of next-generation sequencing technologies have fundamentally altered our understanding of the genomic targets of these chromatin modifiers. Here, we review recent developments in basic and translational research that have provided tantalizing clues that may be used to unlock the therapeutic potential of the epigenome in heart failure. Additionally, we provide a hypothesis to explain how signal-induced crosstalk between histone tail modifications and long non-coding RNAs triggers chromatin architectural remodeling and culminates in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Thomas M Vondriska
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine, and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yibin Wang
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine, and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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62
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Friedman CE, Nguyen Q, Lukowski SW, Helfer A, Chiu HS, Miklas J, Levy S, Suo S, Han JDJ, Osteil P, Peng G, Jing N, Baillie GJ, Senabouth A, Christ AN, Bruxner TJ, Murry CE, Wong ES, Ding J, Wang Y, Hudson J, Ruohola-Baker H, Bar-Joseph Z, Tam PPL, Powell JE, Palpant NJ. Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Cardiac Differentiation from Human PSCs Reveals HOPX-Dependent Cardiomyocyte Maturation. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 23:586-598.e8. [PMID: 30290179 PMCID: PMC6220122 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) requires orchestration of dynamic gene regulatory networks during stepwise fate transitions but often generates immature cell types that do not fully recapitulate properties of their adult counterparts, suggesting incomplete activation of key transcriptional networks. We performed extensive single-cell transcriptomic analyses to map fate choices and gene expression programs during cardiac differentiation of hPSCs and identified strategies to improve in vitro cardiomyocyte differentiation. Utilizing genetic gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we found that hypertrophic signaling is not effectively activated during monolayer-based cardiac differentiation, thereby preventing expression of HOPX and its activation of downstream genes that govern late stages of cardiomyocyte maturation. This study therefore provides a key transcriptional roadmap of in vitro cardiac differentiation at single-cell resolution, revealing fundamental mechanisms underlying heart development and differentiation of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton E Friedman
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Centre for Cardiac and Vascular Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Quan Nguyen
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Samuel W Lukowski
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Abbigail Helfer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Centre for Cardiac and Vascular Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Han Sheng Chiu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Centre for Cardiac and Vascular Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jason Miklas
- Departments of Pathology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering and Medicine/Cardiology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Shiri Levy
- Departments of Pathology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering and Medicine/Cardiology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Shengbao Suo
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing-Dong Jackie Han
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Pierre Osteil
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Guangdun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Naihe Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Greg J Baillie
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Anne Senabouth
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Angelika N Christ
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Timothy J Bruxner
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Charles E Murry
- Departments of Pathology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering and Medicine/Cardiology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Emily S Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jun Ding
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Departments of Pathology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering and Medicine/Cardiology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - James Hudson
- Queensland Institute for Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Hannele Ruohola-Baker
- Departments of Pathology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering and Medicine/Cardiology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ziv Bar-Joseph
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Patrick P L Tam
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Joseph E Powell
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | - Nathan J Palpant
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Centre for Cardiac and Vascular Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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63
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Li N, Zhou H, Tang Q. miR-133: A Suppressor of Cardiac Remodeling? Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:903. [PMID: 30174600 PMCID: PMC6107689 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling, which is characterized by mechanical and electrical remodeling, is a significant pathophysiological process involved in almost all forms of heart diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs of 20–25 nucleotides in length that primarily regulate gene expression by promoting mRNA degradation or post-transcriptional repression in a sequence-specific manner. Three miR-133 genes have been identified in the human genome, miR-133a-1, miR-133a-2, and miR-133b, which are located on chromosomes 18, 20, and 6, respectively. These miRNAs are mainly expressed in muscle tissues and appear to repress the expression of non-muscle genes. Based on accumulating evidence, miR-133 participates in the proliferation, differentiation, survival, hypertrophic growth, and electrical conduction of cardiac cells, which are essential for cardiac fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and arrhythmia. Nevertheless, the roles of miR-133 in cardiac remodeling are ambiguous, and the mechanisms are also sophisticated, involving many target genes and signaling pathways, such as RhoA, MAPK, TGFβ/Smad, and PI3K/Akt. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the critical roles of miR-133 and its potential mechanisms in cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qizhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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64
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Yoon S, Kook T, Min HK, Kwon DH, Cho YK, Kim M, Shin S, Joung H, Jeong SH, Lee S, Kang G, Park Y, Kim YS, Ahn Y, McMullen JR, Gergs U, Neumann J, Kim KK, Kim J, Nam KI, Kim YK, Kook H, Eom GH. PP2A negatively regulates the hypertrophic response by dephosphorylating HDAC2 S394 in the heart. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-14. [PMID: 30050113 PMCID: PMC6062565 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy occurs in response to increased hemodynamic demand and can progress to heart failure. Identifying the key regulators of this process is clinically important. Though it is thought that the phosphorylation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 2 plays a crucial role in the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, the detailed mechanism by which this occurs remains unclear. Here, we performed immunoprecipitation and peptide pull-down assays to characterize the functional complex of HDAC2. Protein phosphatase (PP) 2 A was confirmed as a binding partner of HDAC2. PPP2CA, the catalytic subunit of PP2A, bound to HDAC2 and prevented its phosphorylation. Transient overexpression of PPP2CA specifically regulated both the phosphorylation of HDAC2 S394 and hypertrophy-associated HDAC2 activation. HDAC2 S394 phosphorylation was increased in a dose-dependent manner by PP2A inhibitors. Hypertrophic stresses, such as phenylephrine in vitro or pressure overload in vivo, caused PPP2CA to dissociate from HDAC2. Forced expression of PPP2CA negatively regulated the hypertrophic response, but PP2A inhibitors provoked hypertrophy. Adenoviral delivery of a phosphomimic HDAC2 mutant, adenovirus HDAC2 S394E, successfully blocked the anti-hypertrophic effect of adenovirus-PPP2CA, implicating HDAC2 S394 phosphorylation as a critical event for the anti-hypertrophic response. PPP2CA transgenic mice were protected against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy and subsequent cardiac fibrosis, whereas simultaneous expression of HDAC2 S394E in the heart did induce hypertrophy. Taken together, our results suggest that PP2A is a critical regulator of HDAC2 activity and pathological cardiac hypertrophy and is a promising target for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somy Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewon Kook
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ki Min
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling Research Laboratory, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Hwa Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling Research Laboratory, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kuk Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Sera Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling Research Laboratory, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosouk Joung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling Research Laboratory, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Gaeun Kang
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunchul Park
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sook Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Julie R McMullen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Ulrich Gergs
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097, Halle, Germany
| | - Joachim Neumann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097, Halle, Germany
| | - Kyung Keun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungchul Kim
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Nam
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kook Kim
- Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling Research Laboratory, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kook
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea. .,Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling Research Laboratory, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwang Hyeon Eom
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea. .,Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.
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65
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Srf destabilizes cellular identity by suppressing cell-type-specific gene expression programs. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1387. [PMID: 29643333 PMCID: PMC5895821 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03748-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicellular organisms consist of multiple cell types. The identity of these cells is primarily maintained by cell-type-specific gene expression programs; however, mechanisms that suppress these programs are poorly defined. Here we show that serum response factor (Srf), a transcription factor that is activated by various extracellular stimuli, can repress cell-type-specific genes and promote cellular reprogramming to pluripotency. Manipulations that decrease β-actin monomer quantity result in the nuclear accumulation of Mkl1 and the activation of Srf, which downregulate cell-type-specific genes and alter the epigenetics of regulatory regions and chromatin organization. Mice overexpressing Srf exhibit various pathologies including an ulcerative colitis-like symptom and a metaplasia-like phenotype in the pancreas. Our results demonstrate an unexpected function of Srf via a mechanism by which extracellular stimuli actively destabilize cell identity and suggest Srf involvement in a wide range of diseases. The transcription factor Srf is a central regulator of immediate-early and actin cytoskeletal genes. Here the authors show that Srf is activated by repression of β-actin, promoting iPSC reprogramming of neural progenitor cells and hepatoblasts by repressing cell-type specific genes.
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66
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Kwon DH, Kim YK, Kook H. New Aspects of Vascular Calcification: Histone Deacetylases and Beyond. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:1738-1748. [PMID: 28960024 PMCID: PMC5639052 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.11.1738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a pathologic phenomenon in which calcium phosphate is ectopically deposited in the arteries. Previously, calcification was considered to be a passive process in response to metabolic diseases, vascular or valvular diseases, or even aging. However, now calcification is recognized as a highly-regulated consequence, like bone formation, and many clinical trials have been carried out to elucidate the correlation between vascular calcification and cardiovascular events and mortality. As a result, vascular calcification has been implicated as an independent risk factor in cardiovascular diseases. Many molecules are now known to be actively associated with this process. Recently, our laboratory found that posttranslational modification of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1 is actively involved in the development of vascular calcification. In addition, we found that modulation of the activity of HDAC as well as its protein stability by MDM2, an HDAC1-E3 ligase, may be a therapeutic target in vascular calcification. In the present review, we overview the pathomechanism of vascular calcification and the involvement of posttranslational modification of epigenetic regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duk Hwa Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young Kook Kim
- Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Kook
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Basic Research Laboratory for Cardiac Remodeling, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
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67
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Pereyra AS, Hasek LY, Harris KL, Berman AG, Damen FW, Goergen CJ, Ellis JM. Loss of cardiac carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 results in rapamycin-resistant, acetylation-independent hypertrophy. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:18443-18456. [PMID: 28916721 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.800839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is closely linked to impaired fatty acid oxidation, but the molecular basis of this link is unclear. Here, we investigated the loss of an obligate enzyme in mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid oxidation, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2), on muscle and heart structure, function, and molecular signatures in a muscle- and heart-specific CPT2-deficient mouse (Cpt2M-/-) model. CPT2 loss in heart and muscle reduced complete oxidation of long-chain fatty acids by 87 and 69%, respectively, without altering body weight, energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, or adiposity. Cpt2M-/- mice developed cardiac hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction, evidenced by a 5-fold greater heart mass, 60-90% reduction in blood ejection fraction relative to control mice, and eventual lethality in the absence of cardiac fibrosis. The hypertrophy-inducing mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway was activated in Cpt2M-/- hearts; however, daily rapamycin exposure failed to attenuate hypertrophy in Cpt2M-/- mice. Lysine acetylation was reduced by ∼50% in Cpt2M-/- hearts, but trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor that improves cardiac remodeling, failed to attenuate Cpt2M-/- hypertrophy. Strikingly, a ketogenic diet increased lysine acetylation in Cpt2M-/- hearts 2.3-fold compared with littermate control mice fed a ketogenic diet, yet it did not improve cardiac hypertrophy. Together, these results suggest that a shift away from mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation initiates deleterious hypertrophic cardiac remodeling independent of fibrosis. The data also indicate that CPT2-deficient hearts are impervious to hypertrophy attenuators, that mitochondrial metabolism regulates cardiac acetylation, and that signals derived from alterations in mitochondrial metabolism are the key mediators of cardiac hypertrophic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alycia G Berman
- the Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Frederick W Damen
- the Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Craig J Goergen
- the Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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68
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Manivasagam S, Velusamy T, Sowndharajan B, Chandrasekar N, Dhanusu S, Vellaichamy E. Valporic acid enhances the Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) mediated anti-hypertrophic activity by modulating the Npr1 gene transcription in H9c2 cells in vitro. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 813:94-104. [PMID: 28743391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to determine whether stimulating Npr1 gene activity using Valporic acid (VA), a small short chain fatty acid molecule can enhance ANP mediated anti-hypertrophic activity in isoproterenol (ISO) - treated H9c2 cells in vitro. H9c2 cells were treated with ISO (10-5 M) and co-treated with VA (10-5 M) in the presence and absence of ANP (10-8M), for 48h. ATRA (10-5 M) was used as a positive inducer of Npr1 gene transcription. The mRNA expression of Npr1 and PKG-I genes, proto-oncogenes (c-fos, c-jun and c-myc) and hypertrophic markers (ANP, BNP, α-sk and β-MyHC), genes were determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The protein profiling of NPR-A, PKG-I and cGMP were evaluated by Western blot, immunofluorescence and ELISA respectively. A marked reduction in the level of expression of Npr1 (3- fold) and PKG-I (2.5-fold) genes and increased expression of proto-oncogenes (p< 0.001, respectively) and hypertrophic marker genes (p<0.001, respectively) were noticed in the ISO-treated H9c2 cells as compared with control cells. In contrast, the VA treated cells showed maximal Npr1 gene expression (3.5-fold) as compared with ATRA treated cells (2 fold), which is well correlated with the intracellular cGMP levels (80% vs 60%) and reduced (2.5-fold) HDAC -1&-2 mRNA expression. Furthermore, VA or ATRA treatment effectively reversed the ISO-induced altered expression of Npr1 and PKG-I genes, proto-oncogenes, and hypertrophic markers genes. Interestingly, the results of the present study suggest that ANP mediated anti-hypertrophic activity was enhanced with either VA (p<0.001) or ATRA (p<0.01) co-treatment. Together, we conclude that VA in combination with ANP can be a novel therapeutical approach for the treatment and management of left ventricular cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamilselvi Velusamy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus,Chennai 600025, India
| | - Boopathi Sowndharajan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus,Chennai 600025, India
| | - Navvi Chandrasekar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus,Chennai 600025, India
| | - Suresh Dhanusu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus,Chennai 600025, India
| | - Elangovan Vellaichamy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus,Chennai 600025, India.
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69
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Early transcriptional alteration of histone deacetylases in a murine model of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180571. [PMID: 28662206 PMCID: PMC5491252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a potent chemotherapeutic agent that is widely-used to treat a variety of cancers but causes acute and chronic cardiac injury, severely limiting its use. Clinically, the acute side effects of doxorubicin are mostly manageable, whereas the delayed consequences can lead to life-threatening heart failure, even decades after cancer treatment. The cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin is subject to a critical cumulative dose and so dosage limitation is considered to be the best way to reduce these effects. Hence, a number of studies have defined a "safe dose" of the drug, both in animal models and clinical settings, with the aim of avoiding long-term cardiac effects. Here we show that a dose generally considered as safe in a mouse model can induce harmful changes in the myocardium, as early as 2 weeks after infusion. The adverse changes include the development of fibrotic lesions, disarray of cardiomyocytes and a major transcription dysregulation. Importantly, low-dose doxorubicin caused specific changes in the transcriptional profile of several histone deacetylases (HDACs) which are epigenetic regulators of cardiac remodelling. This suggests that cardioprotective therapies, aimed at modulating HDACs during doxorubicin treatment, deserve further exploration.
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70
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Ai S, Peng Y, Li C, Gu F, Yu X, Yue Y, Ma Q, Chen J, Lin Z, Zhou P, Xie H, Prendiville TW, Zheng W, Liu Y, Orkin SH, Wang DZ, Yu J, Pu WT, He A. EED orchestration of heart maturation through interaction with HDACs is H3K27me3-independent. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28394251 PMCID: PMC5400508 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In proliferating cells, where most Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) studies have been performed, gene repression is associated with PRC2 trimethylation of H3K27 (H3K27me3). However, it is uncertain whether PRC2 writing of H3K27me3 is mechanistically required for gene silencing. Here, we studied PRC2 function in postnatal mouse cardiomyocytes, where the paucity of cell division obviates bulk H3K27me3 rewriting after each cell cycle. EED (embryonic ectoderm development) inactivation in the postnatal heart (EedCKO) caused lethal dilated cardiomyopathy. Surprisingly, gene upregulation in EedCKO was not coupled with loss of H3K27me3. Rather, the activating histone mark H3K27ac increased. EED interacted with histone deacetylases (HDACs) and enhanced their catalytic activity. HDAC overexpression normalized EedCKO heart function and expression of derepressed genes. Our results uncovered a non-canonical, H3K27me3-independent EED repressive mechanism that is essential for normal heart function. Our results further illustrate that organ dysfunction due to epigenetic dysregulation can be corrected by epigenetic rewiring. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.24570.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Ai
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Peng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Xianhong Yu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhu Yue
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Jinghai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Pingzhu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Huafeng Xie
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States
| | | | - Wen Zheng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuli Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Stuart H Orkin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Aibin He
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
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72
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Chen Z, Li S, Subramaniam S, Shyy JYJ, Chien S. Epigenetic Regulation: A New Frontier for Biomedical Engineers. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2017; 19:195-219. [PMID: 28301736 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071516-044720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression in mammalian cells depends on the epigenetic status of the chromatin, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, promoter-enhancer interactions, and noncoding RNA-mediated regulation. The coordinated actions of these multifaceted regulations determine cell development, cell cycle regulation, cell state and fate, and the ultimate responses in health and disease. Therefore, studies of epigenetic modulations are critical for our understanding of gene regulation mechanisms at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ levels. The aim of this review is to provide biomedical engineers with an overview of the principles of epigenetics, methods of study, recent findings in epigenetic regulation in health and disease, and computational and sequencing tools for epigenetics analysis, with an emphasis on the cardiovascular system. This review concludes with the perspectives of the application of bioengineering to advance epigenetics and the utilization of epigenetics to translate bioengineering research into clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91016; .,Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; ,
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; ,
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; ,
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; ,
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; , .,Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; ,
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73
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Schuetze KB, Stratton MS, Blakeslee WW, Wempe MF, Wagner FF, Holson EB, Kuo YM, Andrews AJ, Gilbert TM, Hooker JM, McKinsey TA. Overlapping and Divergent Actions of Structurally Distinct Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Cardiac Fibroblasts. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 361:140-150. [PMID: 28174211 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.237701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of zinc-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) profoundly affect cellular function by altering gene expression via changes in nucleosomal histone tail acetylation. Historically, investigators have employed pan-HDAC inhibitors, such as the hydroxamate trichostatin A (TSA), which simultaneously targets members of each of the three zinc-dependent HDAC classes (classes I, II, and IV). More recently, class- and isoform-selective HDAC inhibitors have been developed, providing invaluable chemical biology probes for dissecting the roles of distinct HDACs in the control of various physiologic and pathophysiological processes. For example, the benzamide class I HDAC-selective inhibitor, MGCD0103 [N-(2-aminophenyl)-4-[[(4-pyridin-3-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)amino]methyl] benzamide], was shown to block cardiac fibrosis, a process involving excess extracellular matrix deposition, which often results in heart dysfunction. Here, we compare the mechanisms of action of structurally distinct HDAC inhibitors in isolated primary cardiac fibroblasts, which are the major extracellular matrix-producing cells of the heart. TSA, MGCD0103, and the cyclic peptide class I HDAC inhibitor, apicidin, exhibited a common ability to enhance histone acetylation, and all potently blocked cardiac fibroblast cell cycle progression. In contrast, MGCD0103, but not TSA or apicidin, paradoxically increased expression of a subset of fibrosis-associated genes. Using the cellular thermal shift assay, we provide evidence that the divergent effects of HDAC inhibitors on cardiac fibroblast gene expression relate to differential engagement of HDAC1- and HDAC2-containing complexes. These findings illustrate the importance of employing multiple compounds when pharmacologically assessing HDAC function in a cellular context and during HDAC inhibitor drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine B Schuetze
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
| | - Matthew S Stratton
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
| | - Weston W Blakeslee
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
| | - Michael F Wempe
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
| | - Florence F Wagner
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
| | - Edward B Holson
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
| | - Yin-Ming Kuo
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
| | - Andrew J Andrews
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
| | - Tonya M Gilbert
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
| | - Jacob M Hooker
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.B.S., M.S.S., W.W.B., T.A.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado (M.F.W.); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (F.F.W., E.B.H.); Department of Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Y.-M.K., A.J.A.); and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (T.M.G., J.M.H.)
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Le NT, Martin JF, Fujiwara K, Abe JI. Sub-cellular localization specific SUMOylation in the heart. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2041-2055. [PMID: 28130202 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Although the majority of SUMO substrates are localized in the nucleus, SUMOylation is not limited to nuclear proteins and can be also detected in extra-nuclear proteins. In this review, we will highlight and discuss how SUMOylation in different cellular compartments regulate biological processes. First, we will discuss the key role of SUMOylation of proteins in the extra-nuclear compartment in cardiomyocytes, which is overwhelmingly cardio-protective. On the other hand, SUMOylation of nuclear proteins is generally detrimental to the cardiac function mainly because of the trans-repressive nature of SUMOylation on many transcription factors. We will also discuss the potential role of SUMOylation in epigenetic regulation. In this review, we will propose a new concept that shuttling of SUMO proteases between the nuclear and extra-nuclear compartments without changing their enzymatic activity regulates the extent of SUMOylation in these compartments and determines the response and fate of cardiomyocytes after cardiac insults. Approaches focused specifically to inhibit this shuttling in cardiomyocytes will be necessary to understand the whole picture of SUMOylation and its pathophysiological consequences in the heart, especially after cardiac insults. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Genetic and epigenetic control of heart failure - edited by Jun Ren & Megan Yingmei Zhang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhat-Tu Le
- Department of Cardiology - Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James F Martin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keigi Fujiwara
- Department of Cardiology - Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun-Ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology - Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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75
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Raghunathan S, Goyal RK, Patel BM. Selective inhibition of HDAC2 by magnesium valproate attenuates cardiac hypertrophy. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 95:260-267. [PMID: 28177689 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The regulatory paradigm in cardiac hypertrophy involves alterations in gene expression that is mediated by chromatin remodeling. Various data suggest that class I and class II histone deacetylases (HDACs) play opposing roles in the regulation of hypertrophic pathways. To address this, we tested the effect of magnesium valproate (MgV), an HDAC inhibitor with 5 times more potency on class I HDACs. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by partial abdominal aortic constriction in Wistar rats, and at the end of 6 weeks, we evaluated hypertrophic, hemodynamic, and oxidative stress parameters, and mitochondrial DNA concentration. Treatment with MgV prevented cardiac hypertrophy, improved hemodynamic functions, prevented oxidative stress, and increased mitochondrial DNA concentration. MgV treatment also increased the survival rate of the animals as depicted by the Kaplan-Meier curve. Improvement in hypertrophy due to HDAC inhibition was further confirmed by HDAC mRNA expression studies, which revealed that MgV decreases expression of pro-hypertrophic HDAC (i.e., HDAC2) without altering the expression of anti-hypertrophic HDAC5. Selective class I HDAC inhibition is required for controlling cardiac hypertrophy. Newer HDAC inhibitors that are class I inhibitors and class II promoters can be designed to obtain "pan" or "dual" natural HDAC "regulators".
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramesh K Goyal
- b Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences Research University, Delhi, India
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- a Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
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76
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Chowdhury SK, Liu W, Zi M, Li Y, Wang S, Tsui H, Prehar S, Castro S, Zhang H, Ji Y, Zhang X, Xiao R, Zhang R, Lei M, Cyganek L, Guan K, Millar CB, Liao X, Jain MK, Boyett MR, Cartwright EJ, Shiels HA, Wang X. Stress-Activated Kinase Mitogen-Activated Kinase Kinase-7 Governs Epigenetics of Cardiac Repolarization for Arrhythmia Prevention. Circulation 2016; 135:683-699. [PMID: 27899394 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.022941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular arrhythmia is a leading cause of cardiac mortality. Most antiarrhythmics present paradoxical proarrhythmic side effects, culminating in a greater risk of sudden death. METHODS We describe a new regulatory mechanism linking mitogen-activated kinase kinase-7 deficiency with increased arrhythmia vulnerability in hypertrophied and failing hearts using mouse models harboring mitogen-activated kinase kinase-7 knockout or overexpression. The human relevance of this arrhythmogenic mechanism is evaluated in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Therapeutic potentials by targeting this mechanism are explored in the mouse models and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. RESULTS Mechanistically, hypertrophic stress dampens expression and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated kinase kinase-7. Such mitogen-activated kinase kinase-7 deficiency leaves histone deacetylase-2 unphosphorylated and filamin-A accumulated in the nucleus to form a complex with Krüppel-like factor-4. This complex leads to Krüppel-like factor-4 disassociation from the promoter regions of multiple key potassium channel genes (Kv4.2, KChIP2, Kv1.5, ERG1, and Kir6.2) and reduction of their transcript levels. Consequent repolarization delays result in ventricular arrhythmias. Therapeutically, targeting the repressive function of the Krüppel-like factor-4/histone deacetylase-2/filamin-A complex with the histone deacetylase-2 inhibitor valproic acid restores K+ channel expression and alleviates ventricular arrhythmias in pathologically remodeled hearts. CONCLUSIONS Our findings unveil this new gene regulatory avenue as a new antiarrhythmic target where repurposing of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid as an antiarrhythmic is supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjoy K Chowdhury
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Wei Liu
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Min Zi
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Yatong Li
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Shunyao Wang
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Hoyee Tsui
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Sukhpal Prehar
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Simon Castro
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Henggui Zhang
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Yong Ji
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Xiuqin Zhang
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Ruiping Xiao
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Rongli Zhang
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Ming Lei
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Lukas Cyganek
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Kaomei Guan
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Catherine B Millar
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Xudong Liao
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Mukesh K Jain
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Mark R Boyett
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Elizabeth J Cartwright
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Holly A Shiels
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.)
| | - Xin Wang
- From Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (S.K.C., W.L., M.Z., Y.L., S.W., H.T., S.P., C.B.M., M.R.B., E.J.C., H.A.S., X.W.) and School of Physics and Astronomy (S.C., H.Z.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.J.); Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China (X.Z., R.X.); Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (R.Z., X.L., M.K.J.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.); and Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (L.C., K.G.).
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Cencioni C, Atlante S, Savoia M, Martelli F, Farsetti A, Capogrossi MC, Zeiher AM, Gaetano C, Spallotta F. The double life of cardiac mesenchymal cells: Epimetabolic sensors and therapeutic assets for heart regeneration. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 171:43-55. [PMID: 27742569 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Organ-specific mesenchymal cells naturally reside in the stroma, where they are exposed to some environmental variables affecting their biology and functions. Risk factors such as diabetes or aging influence their adaptive response. In these cases, permanent epigenetic modifications may be introduced in the cells with important consequences on their local homeostatic activity and therapeutic potential. Numerous results suggest that mesenchymal cells, virtually present in every organ, may contribute to tissue regeneration mostly by paracrine mechanisms. Intriguingly, the heart is emerging as a source of different cells, including pericytes, cardiac progenitors, and cardiac fibroblasts. According to phenotypic, functional, and molecular criteria, these should be classified as mesenchymal cells. Not surprisingly, in recent years, the attention on these cells as therapeutic tools has grown exponentially, although only very preliminary data have been obtained in clinical trials to date. In this review, we summarized the state of the art about the phenotypic features, functions, regenerative properties, and clinical applicability of mesenchymal cells, with a particular focus on those of cardiac origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cencioni
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany; Internal Medicine Clinic III, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany.
| | - Sandra Atlante
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany; Internal Medicine Clinic III, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany.
| | - Matteo Savoia
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany; Universitá Cattolica, Institute of Medical Pathology, 00138 Rome, Italy; Internal Medicine Clinic III, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany.
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy.
| | - Antonella Farsetti
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biologia Cellulare e Neurobiologia, Roma, Italy; Internal Medicine Clinic III, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany.
| | - Maurizio C Capogrossi
- Laboratorio di Patologia Vascolare, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Roma, Italy.
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- Internal Medicine Clinic III, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany.
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany; Internal Medicine Clinic III, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany.
| | - Francesco Spallotta
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany; Internal Medicine Clinic III, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany.
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78
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Rivers ZT, Oostra DR, Westholder JS, Vercellotti GM. Romidepsin-associated cardiac toxicity and ECG changes: A case report and review of the literature. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2016; 24:56-62. [DOI: 10.1177/1078155216673229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Romidepsin is a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor that is approved for the treatment of cutaneous and peripheral T-cell lymphoma in patients who have had at least one prior therapy. Romidepsin is generally well tolerated, though it comes with a risk of cardiac toxicities. Objective We report a case of electrocardiogram changes in a 64-year-old male with enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, type 2, treated with salvage romidepsin therapy who relapsed after non-myeloablative allogeneic sibling peripheral blood stem cell transplant. Discussion Although histone deacetylase inhibitors have been investigated for many years, they have only recently been translated to clinical use as a therapy for malignancies. Furthermore, given their approval for a rare disease, clinicians often have limited experience with the dosing and side effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors. Conclusion This case report and literature review investigates the cardiac side effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors and illustrates the importance of cardiac monitoring prior to and during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T Rivers
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Systems, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Drew R Oostra
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplant, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James S Westholder
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gregory M Vercellotti
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplant, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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79
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Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Phenylbutyrate Exaggerates Heart Failure in Pressure Overloaded Mice independently of HDAC inhibition. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34036. [PMID: 27667442 PMCID: PMC5036044 DOI: 10.1038/srep34036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Sodium phenylbutyrate (PBA) has been reported to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress and histone deacetylation (HDAC), both of which are novel therapeutic targets for cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. However, it is unclear whether PBA can improve heart function. Here, we tested the effects of PBA and some other HDAC inhibitors on cardiac dysfunction induced by pressure overload. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was performed on male C57BL/6 mice. PBA treatment (100 mg/kg, 6 weeks) unexpectedly led to a higher mortality, exacerbated cardiac remodelling and dysfunction. Similar results were noted in TAC mice treated with butyrate sodium (BS), a PBA analogue. In contrast, other HDAC inhibitors, valproic acid (VAL) and trichostatin A (TSA), improved the survival. All four HDAC inhibitors induced histone H3 acetylation and inhibited HDAC total activity. An individual HDAC activity assay showed that rather than class IIa members (HDAC4 and 7), PBA and BS predominantly inhibited class I members (HDAC2 and 8), whereas VAL and TSA inhibited all of them. These findings indicate that PBA and BS accelerate cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction, whereas VAL and TSA have opposing effects.
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80
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Franklin S, Kimball T, Rasmussen TL, Rosa-Garrido M, Chen H, Tran T, Miller MR, Gray R, Jiang S, Ren S, Wang Y, Tucker HO, Vondriska TM. The chromatin-binding protein Smyd1 restricts adult mammalian heart growth. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H1234-H1247. [PMID: 27663768 PMCID: PMC5130490 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00235.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
All terminally differentiated organs face two challenges, maintaining their cellular identity and restricting organ size. The molecular mechanisms responsible for these decisions are of critical importance to organismal development, and perturbations in their normal balance can lead to disease. A hallmark of heart failure, a condition affecting millions of people worldwide, is hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes. The various forms of heart failure in human and animal models share conserved transcriptome remodeling events that lead to expression of genes normally silenced in the healthy adult heart. However, the chromatin remodeling events that maintain cell and organ size are incompletely understood; insights into these mechanisms could provide new targets for heart failure therapy. Using a quantitative proteomics approach to identify muscle-specific chromatin regulators in a mouse model of hypertrophy and heart failure, we identified upregulation of the histone methyltransferase Smyd1 during disease. Inducible loss-of-function studies in vivo demonstrate that Smyd1 is responsible for restricting growth in the adult heart, with its absence leading to cellular hypertrophy, organ remodeling, and fulminate heart failure. Molecular studies reveal Smyd1 to be a muscle-specific regulator of gene expression and indicate that Smyd1 modulates expression of gene isoforms whose expression is associated with cardiac pathology. Importantly, activation of Smyd1 can prevent pathological cell growth. These findings have basic implications for our understanding of cardiac pathologies and open new avenues to the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and failure by modulating Smyd1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Franklin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Todd Kimball
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tara L Rasmussen
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Texas
| | - Manuel Rosa-Garrido
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Haodong Chen
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tam Tran
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mickey R Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Ricardo Gray
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shanxi Jiang
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shuxun Ren
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yibin Wang
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Haley O Tucker
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Texas
| | - Thomas M Vondriska
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
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81
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Fukushima A, Lopaschuk GD. Acetylation control of cardiac fatty acid β-oxidation and energy metabolism in obesity, diabetes, and heart failure. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:2211-2220. [PMID: 27479696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in cardiac energy metabolism are an important contributor to the cardiac pathology associated with obesity, diabetes, and heart failure. High rates of fatty acid β-oxidation with cardiac insulin resistance represent a cardiac metabolic hallmark of diabetes and obesity, while a marginal decrease in fatty acid oxidation and a prominent decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose oxidation are commonly seen in the early stages of heart failure. Alterations in post-translational control of energy metabolic processes have recently been identified as an important contributor to these metabolic changes. In particular, lysine acetylation of non-histone proteins, which controls a diverse family of mitochondrial metabolic pathways, contributes to the cardiac energy derangements seen in obesity, diabetes, and heart failure. Lysine acetylation is controlled both via acetyltransferases and deacetylases (sirtuins), as well as by non-enzymatic lysine acetylation due to increased acetyl CoA pool size or dysregulated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism (which stimulates sirtuin activity). One of the important mitochondrial acetylation targets are the fatty acid β-oxidation enzymes, which contributes to alterations in cardiac substrate preference during the course of obesity, diabetes, and heart failure, and can ultimately lead to cardiac dysfunction in these disease states. This review will summarize the role of lysine acetylation and its regulatory control in the context of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation. The functional contribution of cardiac protein lysine acetylation to the shift in cardiac energy substrate preference that occurs in obesity, diabetes, and especially in the early stages of heart failure will also be reviewed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The role of post-translational protein modifications on heart and vascular metabolism edited by Jason R.B. Dyck & Jan F.C. Glatz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arata Fukushima
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Translational Science Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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82
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Drazic A, Myklebust LM, Ree R, Arnesen T. The world of protein acetylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:1372-401. [PMID: 27296530 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 525] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation is one of the major post-translational protein modifications in the cell, with manifold effects on the protein level as well as on the metabolome level. The acetyl group, donated by the metabolite acetyl-coenzyme A, can be co- or post-translationally attached to either the α-amino group of the N-terminus of proteins or to the ε-amino group of lysine residues. These reactions are catalyzed by various N-terminal and lysine acetyltransferases. In case of lysine acetylation, the reaction is enzymatically reversible via tightly regulated and metabolism-dependent mechanisms. The interplay between acetylation and deacetylation is crucial for many important cellular processes. In recent years, our understanding of protein acetylation has increased significantly by global proteomics analyses and in depth functional studies. This review gives a general overview of protein acetylation and the respective acetyltransferases, and focuses on the regulation of metabolic processes and physiological consequences that come along with protein acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Drazic
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Line M Myklebust
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Rasmus Ree
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas Arnesen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.
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83
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Celik S, Logsdon BA, Battle S, Drescher CW, Rendi M, Hawkins RD, Lee SI. Extracting a low-dimensional description of multiple gene expression datasets reveals a potential driver for tumor-associated stroma in ovarian cancer. Genome Med 2016; 8:66. [PMID: 27287041 PMCID: PMC4902951 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-016-0319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patterns in expression data conserved across multiple independent disease studies are likely to represent important molecular events underlying the disease. We present the INSPIRE method to infer modules of co-expressed genes and the dependencies among the modules from multiple expression datasets that may contain different sets of genes. We show that INSPIRE infers more accurate models than existing methods to extract low-dimensional representation of expression data. We demonstrate that applying INSPIRE to nine ovarian cancer datasets leads to a new marker and potential driver of tumor-associated stroma, HOPX, followed by experimental validation. The implementation of INSPIRE is available at http://inspire.cs.washington.edu .
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiye Celik
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Battle
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles W Drescher
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mara Rendi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R David Hawkins
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Su-In Lee
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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84
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Lkhagva B, Kao YH, Chen YC, Chao TF, Chen SA, Chen YJ. Targeting histone deacetylases: A novel therapeutic strategy for atrial fibrillation. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 781:250-7. [PMID: 27089819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia associated with high mortality and morbidity. Current treatments of AF have limited efficacy and considerable side effects. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play critical roles in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases and contribute to the genesis of AF. Therefore, HDAC inhibition may prove a novel therapeutic strategy for AF through upstream therapy and modifications of AF electrical and structural remodeling. In this review, we provide an update of the knowledge of the effects of HDACs and HDAC inhibitors on AF, and dissect potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baigalmaa Lkhagva
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Fan Chao
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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85
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Apuri S, Sokol L. An overview of investigational Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) for the treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2016; 25:687-96. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2016.1164140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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86
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Mariotto A, Pavlova O, Park HS, Huber M, Hohl D. HOPX: The Unusual Homeodomain-Containing Protein. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:905-911. [PMID: 27017330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The homeodomain-only protein homeobox (HOPX) is the smallest known member of the homeodomain-containing protein family, atypically unable to bind DNA. HOPX is widely expressed in diverse tissues, where it is critically involved in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation. In human skin, HOPX controls epidermal formation through the regulation of late differentiation markers, and HOPX expression correlates with the level of differentiation in cutaneous pathologies. In mouse skin, Hopx was additionally identified as a lineage tracing marker of quiescent hair follicle stem cells. This review discusses current knowledge of HOPX structure and function in normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Mariotto
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Service of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olesya Pavlova
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Service of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hyun-Sook Park
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Service of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Huber
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Service of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Hohl
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Service of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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87
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MDM2 E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of HDAC1 in vascular calcification. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10492. [PMID: 26832969 PMCID: PMC4740400 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is often associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms linking VC to these diseases have yet to be elucidated. Here we report that MDM2-induced ubiquitination of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) mediates VC. Loss of HDAC1 activity via either chemical inhibitor or genetic ablation enhances VC. HDAC1 protein, but not mRNA, is reduced in cell and animal calcification models and in human calcified coronary artery. Under calcification-inducing conditions, proteasomal degradation of HDAC1 precedes VC and it is mediated by MDM2 E3 ubiquitin ligase that initiates HDAC1 K74 ubiquitination. Overexpression of MDM2 enhances VC, whereas loss of MDM2 blunts it. Decoy peptide spanning HDAC1 K74 and RG 7112, an MDM2 inhibitor, prevent VC in vivo and in vitro. These results uncover a previously unappreciated ubiquitination pathway and suggest MDM2-mediated HDAC1 ubiquitination as a new therapeutic target in VC. Vascular calcification (VC) increases morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Here, Kwon et al. show that calcification stimuli induce MDM2- mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of HDAC1, suggesting a possible therapeutic strategy for treatment of VC patients.
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88
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Yoon S, Eom GH. HDAC and HDAC Inhibitor: From Cancer to Cardiovascular Diseases. Chonnam Med J 2016; 52:1-11. [PMID: 26865995 PMCID: PMC4742605 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2016.52.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic regulators that regulate the histone tail, chromatin conformation, protein-DNA interaction, and even transcription. HDACs are also post-transcriptional modifiers that regulate the protein acetylation implicated in several pathophysiologic states. HDAC inhibitors have been highlighted as a novel category of anti-cancer drugs. To date, four HDAC inhibitors, Vorinostat, Romidepsin, Panobinostat, and Belinostat, have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Principally, these HDAC inhibitors are used for hematologic cancers in clinic with less severe side effects. Clinical trials are continuously expanding to address other types of cancer and also nonmalignant diseases. HDAC inhibition also results in beneficial outcomes in various types of neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we will briefly discuss 1) the roles of HDACs in the acquisition of a cancer's phenotype and the general outcome of the HDAC inhibitors in cancer, 2) the functional relevance of HDACs in cardiovascular diseases and the possible therapeutic implications of HDAC inhibitors in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somy Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Gwang Hyeon Eom
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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89
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Eom GH, Kook H. Role of histone deacetylase 2 and its posttranslational modifications in cardiac hypertrophy. BMB Rep 2015; 48:131-8. [PMID: 25388210 PMCID: PMC4453031 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.3.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a form of global remodeling, although the initial step seems to be an adaptation to increased hemodynamic demands. The characteristics of cardiac hypertrophy include the functional reactivation of the arrested fetal gene program, where histone deacetylases (HDACs) are closely linked in the development of the process. To date, mammalian HDACs are divided into four classes: I, II, III, and IV. By structural similarities, class II HDACs are then subdivided into IIa and IIb. Among class I and II HDACs, HDAC2, 4, 5, and 9 have been reported to be involved in hypertrophic responses; HDAC4, 5, and 9 are negative regulators, whereas HDAC2 is a pro-hypertrophic mediator. The molecular function and regulation of class IIa HDACs depend largely on the phosphorylation-mediated cytosolic redistribution, whereas those of HDAC2 take place primarily in the nucleus. In response to stresses, posttranslational modification (PTM) processes, dynamic modifications after the translation of proteins, are involved in the regulation of the activities of those hypertrophy-related HDACs. In this article, we briefly review 1) the activation of HDAC2 in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and 2) the PTM of HDAC2 and its implications in the regulation of HDAC2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwang Hyeon Eom
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, Korea
| | - Hyun Kook
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, Korea
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90
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Gronkiewicz KM, Giuliano EA, Sharma A, Mohan RR. Molecular mechanisms of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid in the inhibition of TGF-β1-mediated canine corneal fibrosis. Vet Ophthalmol 2015; 19:480-487. [PMID: 26559782 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate molecular mechanisms mediating anti-fibrotic effect of SAHA in the canine cornea using an in vitro model. We hypothesized that SAHA attenuates corneal fibrosis by modulating Smad-dependent and, to a lesser extent, Smad-independent signaling pathways activated by TGF-β1, as well as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. METHODS Cultured canine corneal fibroblasts (CCF) were incubated in the presence/absence of TGF-β1 (5 ng/mL) and SAHA (2.5 μm) for 24 h. Western blot analysis was used to quantify non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated isoforms of Smad2/3, p38 MAP kinase (MAPK), ERK1/2, and JNK1. Real-time PCR and zymography were utilized to quantify MMP1, MMP2, MMP8, and MMP9 mRNA expressions and MMP2 and MMP9 protein activities, respectively. RESULTS TGF-β1 treatment caused a significant increase in phospho-Smad2/3 and phospho-p38 MAPK. SAHA treatment reduced TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2/3 but not of p38 MAPK. TGF-β1 did not modulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 or JNK1. SAHA caused a significant reduction in phospho-ERK1/2 expression regardless of concurrent TGF-β1 treatment. Neither SAHA alone nor in combination with TGF-β1 altered phospho-JNK1 expression. TGF-β1 significantly increased MMP1 and MMP9 mRNA expressions but did not alter MMP2 mRNA. SAHA treatment attenuated TGF-β1-induced MMP9 mRNA expression while significantly enhancing TGF-β1-induced MMP1 mRNA expression. Zymography detected reduced expression of MMP2 and MMP9 proteins in untreated control CCF. TGF-β1 treatment did not alter their expression, but SAHA treatment +/-TGF-β1 significantly increased MMP2 and MMP9 protein expressions. CONCLUSIONS The corneal anti-fibrotic effects of SAHA involve multiple mechanisms including modulation of canonical and non-canonical components of TGF-β1 intracellular signaling and MMP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Gronkiewicz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Giuliano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veteran Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Rajiv R Mohan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. .,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veteran Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. .,Mason Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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91
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Renaud L, Harris LG, Mani SK, Kasiganesan H, Chou JC, Baicu CF, Van Laer A, Akerman AW, Stroud RE, Jones JA, Zile MR, Menick DR. HDACs Regulate miR-133a Expression in Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis. Circ Heart Fail 2015; 8:1094-104. [PMID: 26371176 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) serve a significant role in the pathogenesis of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The transcriptional regulation of miRNAs is poorly understood in cardiac hypertrophy. We investigated whether the expression of miR-133a is epigenetically regulated by class I and IIb HDACs during hypertrophic remodeling. METHODS AND RESULTS Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was performed in CD1 mice to induce pressure overload hypertrophy. Mice were treated with class I and IIb HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) via drinking water for 2 and 4 weeks post TAC. miRNA expression was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and post TAC end points for structural and functional assessment. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to identify HDACs and transcription factors associated with miR-133a promoter. miR-133a expression was downregulated by 0.7- and 0.5-fold at 2 and 4 weeks post TAC, respectively, when compared with vehicle control (P<0.05). HDAC inhibition prevented this significant decrease 2 weeks post TAC and maintained miR-133a expression near vehicle control levels, which coincided with (1) a decrease in connective tissue growth factor expression, (2) a reduction in cardiac fibrosis and left atrium diameter (marker of end-diastolic pressure), suggesting an improvement in diastolic function. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that HDAC1 and HDAC2 are present on the miR-133a enhancer regions. CONCLUSIONS The results reveal that HDACs play a role in the regulation of pressure overload-induced miR-133a downregulation. This work is the first to provide insight into an epigenetic-miRNA regulatory pathway in pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Renaud
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - Lillianne G Harris
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - Santhosh K Mani
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - Harinath Kasiganesan
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - James C Chou
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - Catalin F Baicu
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - An Van Laer
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - Adam W Akerman
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - Robert E Stroud
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - Jeffrey A Jones
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - Michael R Zile
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.)
| | - Donald R Menick
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute (L.R., L.G.H., S.K.M., H.K., C.F.B., A.V.L., M.R.Z., D.R.M.), Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgical Research (A.W.A., R.E.S., J.A.J.), and Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.C.C.), The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC (J.A.J., M.R.Z., D.R.M.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Schneider
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Regenerative Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paul Riley
- Oxbridge BHF Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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93
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Jain R, Li D, Gupta M, Manderfield LJ, Ifkovits JL, Wang Q, Liu F, Liu Y, Poleshko A, Padmanabhan A, Raum JC, Li L, Morrisey EE, Lu MM, Won KJ, Epstein JA. HEART DEVELOPMENT. Integration of Bmp and Wnt signaling by Hopx specifies commitment of cardiomyoblasts. Science 2015; 348:aaa6071. [PMID: 26113728 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa6071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac progenitor cells are multipotent and give rise to cardiac endothelium, smooth muscle, and cardiomyocytes. Here, we define and characterize the cardiomyoblast intermediate that is committed to the cardiomyocyte fate, and we characterize the niche signals that regulate commitment. Cardiomyoblasts express Hopx, which functions to coordinate local Bmp signals to inhibit the Wnt pathway, thus promoting cardiomyogenesis. Hopx integrates Bmp and Wnt signaling by physically interacting with activated Smads and repressing Wnt genes. The identification of the committed cardiomyoblast that retains proliferative potential will inform cardiac regenerative therapeutics. In addition, Bmp signals characterize adult stem cell niches in other tissues where Hopx-mediated inhibition of Wnt is likely to contribute to stem cell quiescence and to explain the role of Hopx as a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Jain
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Deqiang Li
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mudit Gupta
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lauren J Manderfield
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jamie L Ifkovits
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Qiaohong Wang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Feiyan Liu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrey Poleshko
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Arun Padmanabhan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Raum
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Min Min Lu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kyoung-Jae Won
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan A Epstein
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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94
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Jones A, Opejin A, Henderson JG, Gross C, Jain R, Epstein JA, Flavell RA, Hawiger D. Peripherally Induced Tolerance Depends on Peripheral Regulatory T Cells That Require Hopx To Inhibit Intrinsic IL-2 Expression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:1489-97. [PMID: 26170384 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) can induce peripheral immune tolerance that prevents autoimmune responses. Ag presentation by peripheral DCs under steady-state conditions leads to a conversion of some peripheral CD4(+) T cells into regulatory T cells (Tregs) that require homeodomain-only protein (Hopx) to mediate T cell unresponsiveness. However, the roles of these peripheral Tregs (pTregs) in averting autoimmune responses, as well as immunological mechanisms of Hopx, remain unknown. We report that Hopx(+) pTregs converted by DCs from Hopx(-) T cells are indispensible to sustain tolerance that prevents autoimmune responses directed at self-Ags during experimental acute encephalomyelitis. Our studies further reveal that Hopx inhibits intrinsic IL-2 expression in pTregs after antigenic rechallenge. In the absence of Hopx, increased levels of IL-2 lead to death and decreased numbers of pTregs. Therefore, formation of Hopx(+) pTregs represents a crucial pathway of sustained tolerance induced by peripheral DCs, and the maintenance of such pTregs and tolerance requires functions of Hopx to block intrinsic IL-2 production in pTregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Jones
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Adeleye Opejin
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Jacob G Henderson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Cindy Gross
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Rajan Jain
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Jonathan A Epstein
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Daniel Hawiger
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104;
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95
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Pathophysiology of infantile pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by monocrotaline. Pediatr Cardiol 2015; 36:1000-13. [PMID: 25608696 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-015-1111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) presents certain specific features. In this specific age group, experimental models to study the pathophysiology of PAH are lacking. To characterize hemodynamic, morphometric, and histological progression as well as the expression of neurohumoral factors and regulators of cardiac transcription in an infantile model of PAH induced by monocrotaline (MCT), eight-day-old Wistar rats were randomly injected with MCT (30 mg/kg, sc, n = 95) or equal volume of saline solution (n = 92). Animals were instrumented for biventricular hemodynamic recording 7, 14, and 21 days after MCT, whereas samples were collected at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after MCT. Different time point postinjections were defined for further analysis. Hearts and lungs were collected for morphometric characterization, assessment of right- and left-ventricle (RV and LV) cardiomyocyte diameter and collagen type-I and type-III ratio, RV collagen volume fraction, and pulmonary vessels wall thickness. mRNA quantification was undertaken for brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and for cardiac transcription regulators (HOP and Islet1). Animals treated with MCT at the 8th day of life presented RV hypertrophy since day 14 after MCT injection. There were no differences on the RV collagen volume fraction or collagen type-I and type-III ratio. Pulmonary vascular remodelling and PAH were present on day 21, which were accompanied by an increased expression of BNP, ET-1, HOP, and Islet1. The infantile model of MCT-induced PAH can be useful for the study of its pathophysiology and to test new therapeutic targets in pediatric age group.
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96
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Cavasin MA, Stenmark KR, McKinsey TA. Emerging roles for histone deacetylases in pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular remodeling (2013 Grover Conference series). Pulm Circ 2015; 5:63-72. [PMID: 25992271 DOI: 10.1086/679700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversible lysine acetylation has emerged as a critical mechanism for controlling the function of nucleosomal histones as well as diverse nonhistone proteins. Acetyl groups are conjugated to lysine residues in proteins by histone acetyltransferases and removed by histone deacetylases (HDACs), which are also commonly referred to as lysine deacetylases. Over the past decade, many studies have shown that HDACs play crucial roles in the control of left ventricular (LV) cardiac remodeling in response to stress. Small molecule HDAC inhibitors block pathological hypertrophy and fibrosis and improve cardiac function in various preclinical models of LV failure. Only recently have HDACs been studied in the context of right ventricular (RV) failure, which commonly occurs in patients who experience pulmonary hypertension (PH). Here, we review recent findings with HDAC inhibitors in models of PH and RV remodeling, propose next steps for this newly uncovered area of research, and highlight potential for isoform-selective HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of PH and RV failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Cavasin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kurt R Stenmark
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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97
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Nural-Guvener H, Zakharova L, Feehery L, Sljukic S, Gaballa M. Anti-Fibrotic Effects of Class I HDAC Inhibitor, Mocetinostat Is Associated with IL-6/Stat3 Signaling in Ischemic Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11482-99. [PMID: 25997003 PMCID: PMC4463712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have linked histone deacetylases (HDAC) to remodeling of the heart and cardiac fibrosis in heart failure. However, the molecular mechanisms linking chromatin remodeling events with observed anti-fibrotic effects are unknown. Here, we investigated the molecular players involved in anti-fibrotic effects of HDAC inhibition in congestive heart failure (CHF) myocardium and cardiac fibroblasts in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS MI was created by coronary artery occlusion. Class I HDACs were inhibited in three-week post MI rats by intraperitoneal injection of Mocetinostat (20 mg/kg/day) for duration of three weeks. Cardiac function and heart tissue were analyzed at six week post-MI. CD90+ cardiac fibroblasts were isolated from ventricles through enzymatic digestion of heart. In vivo treatment of CHF animals with Mocetinostat reduced CHF-dependent up-regulation of HDAC1 and HDAC2 in CHF myocardium, improved cardiac function and decreased scar size and total collagen amount. Moreover, expression of pro-fibrotic markers, collagen-1, fibronectin and Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) were reduced in the left ventricle (LV) of Mocetinostat-treated CHF hearts. Cardiac fibroblasts isolated from Mocetinostat-treated CHF ventricles showed a decrease in expression of collagen I and III, fibronectin and Timp1. In addition, Mocetinostat attenuated CHF-induced elevation of IL-6 levels in CHF myocardium and cardiac fibroblasts. In parallel, levels of pSTAT3 were reduced via Mocetinostat in CHF myocardium. CONCLUSIONS Anti-fibrotic effects of Mocetinostat in CHF are associated with the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway. In addition, our study demonstrates in vivo regulation of cardiac fibroblasts via HDAC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmet Nural-Guvener
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Liudmila Zakharova
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Lorraine Feehery
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Snjezana Sljukic
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Mohamed Gaballa
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
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98
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Ooi JYY, Tuano NK, Rafehi H, Gao XM, Ziemann M, Du XJ, El-Osta A. HDAC inhibition attenuates cardiac hypertrophy by acetylation and deacetylation of target genes. Epigenetics 2015; 10:418-30. [PMID: 25941940 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1024406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors attenuate pathological cardiac remodeling and hypertrophic gene expression; yet, the direct histone targets remain poorly characterized. Since the inhibition of HDAC activity is associated with suppressing hypertrophy, we hypothesized histone acetylation would target genes implicated in cardiac remodeling. Trichostatin A (TSA) regulates cardiac gene expression and attenuates transverse aortic constriction (TAC) induced hypertrophy. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) coupled with massive parallel sequencing (ChIP-seq) to map, for the first time, genome-wide histone acetylation changes in a preclinical model of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and attenuation of pathogenesis with TSA. Pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy was associated with histone acetylation of genes implicated in cardiac contraction, collagen deposition, inflammation, and extracellular matrix identified by ChIP-seq. Gene set enrichment analysis identified NF-kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor activation with load induced hypertrophy. Increased histone acetylation was observed on the promoters of NFκB target genes (Icam1, Vcam1, Il21r, Il6ra, Ticam2, Cxcl10) consistent with gene activation in the hypertrophied heart. Surprisingly, TSA attenuated pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and the suppression of NFκB target genes by broad histone deacetylation. Our results suggest a mechanism for cardioprotection subject to histone deacetylation as a previously unknown target, implicating the importance of inflammation by pharmacological HDAC inhibition. The results of this study provides a framework for HDAC inhibitor function in the heart and argues the long held views of acetylation is subject to more flexibility than previously thought.
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Key Words
- ANP, Atrial natriuretic peptide
- BNP, Brain natriuretic peptide
- BW, Body Weight
- ChIP, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
- Ct, threshold cycle number
- Cxcl10, Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) ligand 10
- ENCODE, Encyclopedia of DNA Elements Consortium
- FDR, False Discovery Rate
- FS, Fractional Shortening
- GAIIx, Genome Analyzer IIx
- HDAC inhibitor
- HDAC, Histone deacetylase
- Icam1, Intercellular adhesion molecule 1
- Il21r, Interleukin-21 receptor
- Il6ra, Interleukin-6 receptor
- LV, Left Ventricle
- LVDd, Left Ventricular Diastolic Dimension
- LVH, Left Ventricle Hypertrophy
- MACs, Model-based Analysis of ChIP-seq
- NES, normalized enrichment score
- NFκB, Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells
- NGS, Next Generation Sequencing
- SEM, Standard Error of the Mean
- Serca2a, Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase
- TAC veh, TAC vehicle
- TAC, Transverse Aortic Constriction
- TF, transcription factor
- TL, Tibia Length
- TSA, Trichostatin A
- TSS, Transcription Start Site
- Ticam2, Toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 2
- Traf3, TNF receptor-associated factor 3
- UTR, Untranslated region
- Vcam1, Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
- cDNA, complementary DNA
- cardiac hypertrophy
- chromatin
- epigenetics
- histone acetylation
- next generation sequencing
- α/βMHC, Alpha/Beta myosin heavy chain
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Y Y Ooi
- a Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory; Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute ; Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
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99
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Mani SK, Kern CB, Kimbrough D, Addy B, Kasiganesan H, Rivers WT, Patel RK, Chou JC, Spinale FG, Mukherjee R, Menick DR. Inhibition of class I histone deacetylase activity represses matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 expression and preserves LV function postmyocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 308:H1391-401. [PMID: 25795711 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00390.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) remodeling, after myocardial infarction (MI), can result in LV dilation and LV pump dysfunction. Post-MI induction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9, have been implicated as causing deleterious effects on LV and extracellular matrix remodeling in the MI region and within the initially unaffected remote zone. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes that affect the transcriptional regulation of genes during pathological conditions. We assessed the efficacy of both class I/IIb- and class I-selective HDAC inhibitors on MMP-2 and MMP-9 abundance and determined if treatment resulted in the attenuation of adverse LV and extracellular matrix remodeling and improved LV pump function post-MI. MI was surgically induced in MMP-9 promoter reporter mice and randomized for treatment with a class I/IIb HDAC inhibitor for 7 days post-MI. After MI, LV dilation, LV pump dysfunction, and activation of the MMP-9 gene promoter were significantly attenuated in mice treated with either the class I/IIb HDAC inhibitor tichostatin A or suberanilohydroxamic acid (voronistat) compared with MI-only mice. Immunohistological staining and zymographic levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were reduced with either tichostatin A or suberanilohydroxamic acid treatment. Class I HDAC activity was dramatically increased post-MI. Treatment with the selective class I HDAC inhibitor PD-106 reduced post-MI levels of both MMP-2 and MMP-9 and attenuated LV dilation and LV pump dysfunction post-MI, similar to class I/IIb HDAC inhibition. Taken together, these unique findings demonstrate that selective inhibition of class I HDACs may provide a novel therapeutic means to attenuate adverse LV remodeling post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh K Mani
- Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Christine B Kern
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Denise Kimbrough
- Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Benjamin Addy
- Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Harinath Kasiganesan
- Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - William T Rivers
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Risha K Patel
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - James C Chou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Francis G Spinale
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Rupak Mukherjee
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Donald R Menick
- Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; and
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100
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Tham YK, Bernardo BC, Ooi JYY, Weeks KL, McMullen JR. Pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure: signaling pathways and novel therapeutic targets. Arch Toxicol 2015; 89:1401-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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