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Gupta P, Poluri KM. Elucidating the Eradication Mechanism of Perillyl Alcohol against Candida glabrata Biofilms: Insights into the Synergistic Effect with Azole Drugs. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2022; 2:60-72. [PMID: 37102177 PMCID: PMC10114769 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.1c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increased incidences of fungal infections and associated mortality have accelerated the need for effective and alternative therapeutics. Perillyl alcohol (PA) is a terpene produced by the hydroxylation of limonene via the mevalonate pathway. In pursuit of an alternative antifungal agent, we studied the effect of PA on the biofilm community of Candida glabrata and on different cellular pathways to decipher its mode of action. PA efficiently inhibited growth and eradicated biofilms by reducing carbohydrate and eDNA content in the extracellular matrix. PA reduced the activity of hydrolytic enzymes in the ECM of C. glabrata biofilm. The chemical profiling study has given insights into the overall mode of action of PA in C. glabrata and the marked involvement of the cell wall and membrane, ergosterol biosynthesis, oxidative stress, and DNA replication. The spectroscopic and RT-PCR studies suggested a strong interaction of PA with chitin, β-glucan, ergosterol, and efflux pump, thus indicating increased membrane fluidity in C. glabrata. Furthermore, the microscopic and flow cytometry analysis emphasized that PA facilitated the change in mitochondrial activity, increased Ca2+ influx via overexpression of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, and enhanced cytochrome C release from mitochondria. In addition, PA interferes with DNA replication and thus hinders the cell cycle progression at the S-phase. All these studies together established that PA mitigates the C. glabrata biofilms by targeting multiple cellular pathways. Interestingly, PA also potentiated the efficacy of azole drugs, particularly miconazole, against C. glabrata and its clinical isolates. Conclusively, the study demonstrated the use of PA as an effective antifungal agent alone or in combination with FDA-approved conventional drugs for fungal biofilm eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Gupta
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
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Galindo-Solís JM, Fernández FJ. Endophytic Fungal Terpenoids: Natural Role and Bioactivities. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020339. [PMID: 35208794 PMCID: PMC8875210 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a highly diverse group of fungi that intermittently colonize all plants without causing symptoms of the disease. They sense and respond to physiological and environmental changes of their host plant and microbiome. The inter-organism interactions are largely driven by chemical networks mediated by specialized metabolites. The balance of these complex interactions leads to healthy and strong host plants. Endophytic strains have particular machinery to produce a plethora of secondary metabolites with a variety of bioactivities and unknown functions in an ecological niche. Terpenoids play a key role in endophytism and represent an important source of bioactive molecules for human health and agriculture. In this review, we describe the role of endophytic fungi in plant health, fungal terpenoids in multiple interactions, and bioactive fungal terpenoids recently reported from endophytes, mainly from plants used in traditional medicine, as well as from algae and mangroves. Additionally, we highlight endophytic fungi as producers of important chemotherapeutic terpenoids, initially discovered in plants. Despite advances in understanding endophytism, we still have much to learn in this field. The study of the role, the evolution of interactions of endophytic fungi and their terpenoids provide an opportunity for better applications in human health and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Galindo-Solís
- Posgrado en Biotecnología, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City CP 09340, Mexico;
| | - Francisco J. Fernández
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico City CP 09340, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(55)-5804-6453
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Lubis MF, Hasibuan PA, Syahputra H, Astyka R. A Review on Phytochemicals and Pharmacological Activities as Ethnomedicinal Uses of Duku (Lansium domesticum Corr.). Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Lansium domesticum Corr. is a plant that is easily found in Indonesia. People use the fruit to be sold because it has a good taste. Some people use other parts of the plant as medicine. This plant has great potential to be developed as a standardized traditional medicine.
AIM: This article review aims to collect information on secondary metabolite compounds from L. domesticum Corr. and its pharmacological activities as antioxidants, antibacterials, and cytotoxics.
METHODS: Data on L. domesticum Corr. or duku were sought and collected for this miniature estimate and perspective. We use the major search engines with specific keywords such as L. domesticum Corr.; duku; morphology; pharmacological effects; secondary metabolites; in vitro; and in vivo.
RESULTS: This review shows that L. domesticum Corr. have antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activity of various compounds based on the test method used.
CONCLUSIONS: Some parts of L. domesticum Corr. such as leaves, fruit, fruit skins, and seeds contain secondary metabolite compounds. The most common type of active compound is the steroid/terpenoid group. These compounds are responsible for their pharmacological activities such as antioxidants, antibacterials, and cytotoxics.
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Modulatory Properties of Food and Nutraceutical Components Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030490. [PMID: 35276849 PMCID: PMC8840562 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are key intracellular multimeric proteins able to initiate the cellular inflammatory signaling pathway. NLRP3 inflammasome represents one of the main protein complexes involved in the development of inflammatory events, and its activity has been largely demonstrated to be connected with inflammatory or autoinflammatory disorders, including diabetes, gouty arthritis, liver fibrosis, Alzheimer’s disease, respiratory syndromes, atherosclerosis, and cancer initiation. In recent years, it has been demonstrated how dietary intake and nutritional status represent important environmental elements that can modulate metabolic inflammation, since food matrices are an important source of several bioactive compounds. In this review, an updated status of knowledge regarding food bioactive compounds as NLRP3 inflammasome modulators is discussed. Several chemical classes, namely polyphenols, organosulfurs, terpenes, fatty acids, proteins, amino acids, saponins, sterols, polysaccharides, carotenoids, vitamins, and probiotics, have been shown to possess NLRP3 inflammasome-modulating activity through in vitro and in vivo assays, mainly demonstrating an anti-NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Plant foods are particularly rich in important bioactive compounds, each of them can have different effects on the pathway of inflammatory response, confirming the importance of the nutritional pattern (food model) as a whole rather than any single nutrient or functional compound.
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Milan A, Mioc A, Prodea A, Mioc M, Buzatu R, Ghiulai R, Racoviceanu R, Caruntu F, Şoica C. The Optimized Delivery of Triterpenes by Liposomal Nanoformulations: Overcoming the Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1140. [PMID: 35163063 PMCID: PMC8835305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed a sustained increase in the research development of modern-day chemo-therapeutics, especially for those used for high mortality rate pathologies. However, the therapeutic landscape is continuously changing as a result of the currently existing toxic side effects induced by a substantial range of drug classes. One growing research direction driven to mitigate such inconveniences has converged towards the study of natural molecules for their promising therapeutic potential. Triterpenes are one such class of compounds, intensively investigated for their therapeutic versatility. Although the pharmacological effects reported for several representatives of this class has come as a well-deserved encouragement, the pharmacokinetic profile of these molecules has turned out to be an unwelcomed disappointment. Nevertheless, the light at the end of the tunnel arrived with the development of nanotechnology, more specifically, the use of liposomes as drug delivery systems. Liposomes are easily synthesizable phospholipid-based vesicles, with highly tunable surfaces, that have the ability to transport both hydrophilic and lipophilic structures ensuring superior drug bioavailability at the action site as well as an increased selectivity. This study aims to report the results related to the development of different types of liposomes, used as targeted vectors for the delivery of various triterpenes of high pharmacological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Milan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Prodea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Buzatu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timişoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Ghiulai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Florina Caruntu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timişoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Codruţa Şoica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 E. Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (A.M.); (A.M.); (A.P.); (R.G.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
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Plant-Derived Terpenoids: A Promising Tool in the Fight against Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030502. [PMID: 35158770 PMCID: PMC8833325 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the numerous therapies, melanoma remains the deadliest of all skin cancers; however, plant-derived terpenoids are defense molecules that have proven anti-cancer properties. In this review, we present the results of the search for anti-melanoma plant terpenoids. Additionally, we show the effects of combining terpenoids with standard drugs, radiation therapy, or other plant substances on melanoma cell lines and animal models. Finally, we present some examples of drug delivery systems that increase the uptake of terpenoids by melanoma tissue. Abstract Melanoma is responsible for the highest number of skin cancer-caused deaths worldwide. Despite the numerous melanoma-treating options, the fight against it remains challenging, mainly due to its great heterogeneity and plasticity, as well as the high toxicity of standard drugs. Plant-derived terpenoids are a group of plant defense molecules that have been proven effective in killing many different types of cancer cells, both in in vitro experiments and in vivo models. In this review, we focus on recent results in the search for plant terpenoids with anti-melanoma activity. We also report on the synergistic action of combining terpenoids with other plant-derived substances, MAP kinase inhibitors, or radiation. Additionally, we present examples of terpenoid-loaded nanoparticle carriers as anti-melanoma agents that have increased permeation through the cancer tissue.
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Enzymatic glycosylation of menthol: optimization of synthesis and extraction processes using response surface methodology and biological evaluation of synthesized product. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02061-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Satta A, Lu Z, Plan MR, Esquirol L, Ebert BE. Microbial Production, Extraction, and Quantitative Analysis of Isoprenoids. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2469:239-259. [PMID: 35508844 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2185-1_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Isoprenoids, also known as terpenes or terpenoids, are compounds made of one or more isoprene (C5H8) moieties and constitute the largest class of natural products. They play diverse roles in biology and have broad industrial uses as flavors, fragrances, biofuels, polymers, agricultural chemicals, and medicines. Most isoprenoids are secondary plant metabolites and only produced in very low amounts. To make these valuable compounds economically accessible, significant efforts in the culture and engineering of microbial cells for isoprenoid biosynthesis have been made in the last decades. The protocols presented here describe lab-scale cultivation of microbes, either naturally producing or engineered, for isoprenoid production, the extraction of products and their quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography. Examples of isoprenoids covered in this chapter include (C10) mono-, (C15) sesqui-, (C20) di-, (C30) tri-, and (C40) tetraterpenoids. We focus on yeast and cyanobacteria as production systems, but the protocols can be adapted for other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Satta
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Zeyu Lu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Manuel R Plan
- Metabolomics Australia (Queensland Node), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Lygie Esquirol
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Birgitta E Ebert
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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Kalasariya HS, Patel NB, Yadav A, Perveen K, Yadav VK, Munshi FM, Yadav KK, Alam S, Jung YK, Jeon BH. Characterization of Fatty Acids, Polysaccharides, Amino Acids, and Minerals in Marine Macroalga Chaetomorpha crassa and Evaluation of Their Potentials in Skin Cosmetics. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247515. [PMID: 34946597 PMCID: PMC8706032 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cosmetic industries are highly committed to finding natural sources of functional active constituents preferable to safer materials to meet consumers' demands. Marine macroalgae have diversified bioactive constituents and possess potential benefits in beauty care products. Hence, the present study was carried out to characterize the biochemical profile of marine macroalga Chaetomorpha crassa by using different techniques for revealing its cosmetic potentials. In results, the FTIR study characterized the presence of different bioactive functional groups that are responsible for many skin-beneficial compounds whereas six and fifteen different important phycocompounds were found in GCMS analysis of ethanolic and methanolic extracts, respectively. In the saccharide profile of C. crassa, a total of eight different carbohydrate derivatives were determined by the HRLCMS Q-TOF technique, which showed wide varieties of cosmetic interest. In ICP AES analysis, Si was found to be highest whereas Cu was found to be lowest among other elements. A total of twenty-one amino acids were measured by the HRLCMS-QTOF technique, which revealed the highest amount of the amino acid, Aspartic acid (1207.45 nmol/mL) and tyrosine (106.77 nmol/mL) was found to be the lowest in amount among other amino acids. Their cosmetic potentials have been studied based on previous research studies. The incorporation of seaweed-based bioactive components in cosmetics has been extensively growing due to its skin health-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haresh S. Kalasariya
- Microbiology Department, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar 384315, India; (H.S.K.); (N.B.P.)
| | - Nikunj B. Patel
- Microbiology Department, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar 384315, India; (H.S.K.); (N.B.P.)
| | - Akanksha Yadav
- Department of Home Science, Institute of Science, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
| | - Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- School of Sciences, P P Savani University, NH 8, GETCO, Near Biltech, Village, Dhamdod, Kosamba 394125, India;
| | - Faris M. Munshi
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (F.M.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal 462044, India;
| | - Shamshad Alam
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (F.M.M.); (S.A.)
| | - You-Kyung Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Korea;
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Wang L, Cai F, Zhao W, Tian J, Kong D, Sun X, Liu Q, Chen Y, An Y, Wang F, Liu X, Wu Y, Zhou H. Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight., Cynanchum bungei Decne. and Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl.: Current Research and Prospects. Molecules 2021; 26:7065. [PMID: 34885647 PMCID: PMC8658831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight. (CA), Cynanchum bungei Decne. (CB) and Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl. (CW) are three close species belonging to the Asclepiadaceous family, and their dry roots as the bioactive part have been revealed to exhibit anti-tumor, neuroprotection, organ protection, reducing liver lipid and blood lipid, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. Until 2021, phytochemistry investigations have uncovered 232 compounds isolated from three species, which could be classified into C21-steroids, acetophenones, terpenoids, and alkaloids. In this review, the morphology characteristics, species identification, and the relationship of botany, extraction, and the separation of chemical constituents, along with the molecular mechanism and pharmacokinetics of bioactive constituents of three species, are summarized for the first time, and their phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical safety are also updated. Moreover, the direction and limitation of current research on three species is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Fujie Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Jinli Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Degang Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yueru Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Ying An
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Fulin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xue Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Honglei Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
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Luo B, Jin MM, Li X, Makunga NP, Hu X. Yeast Surface Display for In Vitro Biosynthetic Pathway Reconstruction. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:2938-2946. [PMID: 34724381 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The enzymes immobilized through yeast surface display (YSD) can be used in in vitro metabolic pathway reconstruction as alternatives to the enzymes isolated or purified through conventional biochemistry methods. They can be easily prepared by growing and collecting yeast cells harboring display constructs. This may provide an economical method for enriching certain enzymes for biochemistry characterization and application. Herein, we took the advantage of one-pot cascade reactions catalyzed by YSD-immobilized enzymes in the mevalonate pathway to produce geraniol in vitro. YSD-immobilized enzymes of 10 cascade reactions for geraniol production, together with optimization of catalytic components, cofactor regeneration, and byproduct removal, achieved a final yield of 7.55 mg L-1 after seven cycles. This study demonstrated that it is feasible to reconstitute a complex multi-enzymatic system for the chemical biosynthesis in vitro by exploiting YSD-immobilized cascade enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biaobiao Luo
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Molecular Engineering, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Moonsoo M. Jin
- Department of Radiology and Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Molecular Engineering, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Nokwanda P. Makunga
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7600, South Africa
| | - Xuebo Hu
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Molecular Engineering, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Wuhan 430070, China
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Dos Santos ECF, Machado JCB, Ferreira MRA, Soares LAL. Acanthospermum hispidum DC: An Updated Review on Phytochemistry and Biological Activities. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:684-700. [PMID: 34517800 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210913115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acanthospermum hispidum DC is a medicinal plant present in America, Africa, Australia, India, Hawaii, and Brazil. In Brazil, the species is used in the treatment of gastrointestinal, respiratory disorders and has expectorant action. In the literature there are studies on the chemical composition of the species, with reports of the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, hydrolyzable tannins, terpenes, and steroids. In addition, several studies have reported in vitro and in vivo studies that prove the biological properties of extracts and compounds isolated from different organs of the A. hispidum plant, including: hepatoprotectors, antioxidants, antimicrobials and antiparasitic. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to update the knowledge about the phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicity aspects of A. hispidum, to contribute to the recognition of the species and direct new studies. METHODS An extensive bibliographic search was conducted in different scientific databases. RESULTS The presence of different chemical constituents in A. hispidum have been identified, among them flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, and steroids. Additionally, antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities were mainly attributed to the species, and other activities not previously described were presented, such as anticholinesterase, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic, all based on results of in vitro and in vivo studies. Finally, no reports of toxic effects were found in the in vitro and in vivo tests. After analyzing the articles, it was evidenced that other experiments, with different models using animals, are essential to evaluate the possible mechanisms of action of the extracts and compounds isolated of A. hispidum. CONCLUSION Therefore, this review may contribute to the recognition of the importance of A. hispidum and its potential as a medicinal plant and may also guide the conduct of future research regarding the constituents, biological activities, and toxicity of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelyn Cintya Felipe Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco. Brazil
| | - Janaina Carla Barbosa Machado
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco. Brazil
| | - Magda Rhayanny Assunção Ferreira
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco. Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Lira Soares
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco. Brazil
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Alotaibi AA, Bepari A, Assiri RA, Niazi SK, Nayaka S, Rudrappa M, Nagaraja SK, Bhat MP. Saussurea lappa Exhibits Anti-Oncogenic Effect in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, HepG2 Cancer Cell Line by Bcl-2 Mediated Apoptotic Pathway and Mitochondrial Cytochrome C Release. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:1114-1132. [PMID: 34563048 PMCID: PMC8929068 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43020079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Saussurea lappa (S. lappa) is an important species of the Asteraceae family with several purposes in traditional medicine. This study intended to explore the cytotoxic effect of S. lappa on HepG2 cancer cell proliferation. Materials and Methods: The effects of an S. lappa n-butanol extract on the induction of apoptosis were investigated by flow cytometry and mitochondrial cytochrome C-releasing apoptosis assay. Additionally, real-time PCR was employed to confirm apoptosis initiation. Further, qualitative estimation of the active constituent of S. lappa was done by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS). Results: The cell viability study revealed that the n-butanol extract of S. lappa demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against HepG2 cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 56.76 μg/mL. Cell morphology with dual staining of acridine orange (AO)-ethidium bromide (EB) showed an increase in orange/red nuclei due to cell death by S. lappa n-butanol extract compared to control cells. Apoptosis, as the mode of cell death, was also confirmed by the higher release of cytochrome C from mitochondria, the increased expression of caspase-3 and bax, along with down regulation of Bcl-2. Conclusion: These findings conclude that S. lappa is a cause of hepatic cancer cell death through apoptosis and a potential natural source suggesting furthermore investigation of its active compounds that are responsible for these observed activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal A. Alotaibi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Asmatanzeem Bepari
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (R.A.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (S.K.N.)
| | - Rasha Assad Assiri
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Shaik Kalimulla Niazi
- Department of Preparatory Health Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 12611, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (S.K.N.)
| | - Sreenivasa Nayaka
- Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India; (S.N.); (M.R.); (S.K.N.); (M.P.B.)
| | - Muthuraj Rudrappa
- Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India; (S.N.); (M.R.); (S.K.N.); (M.P.B.)
| | | | - Meghashyama Prabhakara Bhat
- Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India; (S.N.); (M.R.); (S.K.N.); (M.P.B.)
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Chen L, Wang XY, Liu RZ, Wang GY. Culturable Microorganisms Associated with Sea Cucumbers and Microbial Natural Products. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19080461. [PMID: 34436300 PMCID: PMC8400260 DOI: 10.3390/md19080461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sea cucumbers are a class of marine invertebrates and a source of food and drug. Numerous microorganisms are associated with sea cucumbers. Seventy-eight genera of bacteria belonging to 47 families in four phyla, and 29 genera of fungi belonging to 24 families in the phylum Ascomycota have been cultured from sea cucumbers. Sea-cucumber-associated microorganisms produce diverse secondary metabolites with various biological activities, including cytotoxic, antimicrobial, enzyme-inhibiting, and antiangiogenic activities. In this review, we present the current list of the 145 natural products from microorganisms associated with sea cucumbers, which include primarily polyketides, as well as alkaloids and terpenoids. These results indicate the potential of the microorganisms associated with sea cucumbers as sources of bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Correspondence: or (L.C.); or (G.-Y.W.); Tel.: +86-631-5687076 (L.C.); +86-631-5682925 (G.-Y.W.)
| | | | | | - Guang-Yu Wang
- Correspondence: or (L.C.); or (G.-Y.W.); Tel.: +86-631-5687076 (L.C.); +86-631-5682925 (G.-Y.W.)
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Wang A, Yue S, Peng A, Qi R. A Review of Research Progress on Agathis dammara and its Application Prospects for Cardiovascular Diseases and Fatty Liver Disease. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:670-676. [PMID: 33208073 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666201117110834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases and fatty liver disease have become the leading causes of death in modern society. However, the currently existing drugs do not solve all issues related to these diseases; thus, it is expected that more potential drugs for clinical use will be developed. Undeniably, natural products have attracted increasing attention. It is of great significance to identify effective active monomer components for drug discovery and disease prevention. As a pure natural product, Agathis dammara (AD) has antioxidant, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, at present, there are few reports regarding the effects of AD on chronic inflammatory cardiovascular diseases, such as aneurysm, atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cardiac hypertrophy and liver diseases such as fatty liver disease. AD and products derived from it have a very broad application prospect for cardiovascular diseases and fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyi Wang
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shanshan Yue
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ankang Peng
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rong Qi
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
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Zhang YY, Elam E, Ni ZJ, Zhang F, Thakur K, Wang S, Zhang JG, Wei ZJ. LC-MS/MS targeting analysis of terpenoid metabolism in Carya cathayensis at different developmental stages. Food Chem 2021; 366:130583. [PMID: 34303203 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Terpenoid metabolism at different developmental stages of Carya cathayensis was elucidated based on LC-MS/MS analysis and multi-omics. Terpenoid metabolites 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphoquinone and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid reached the maximum at 105 days after pollination (DAP) (P2 stage). To reveal the complex mechanism of C. cathayensis embryogenesis in relation to terpenoid metabolites (90-165 DAP), a metabolomic and transcriptional co-expression analysis was conducted. Based on RNA-Seq analysis, 679 genes of 1144 terpenoid biosynthesis were differentially expressed. Six terpenoid metabolites and 86 differentially expressed genes related to terpenoquinone metabolism were identified. Comprehensive analysis of metabolome and transcriptional data revealed that terpenoquinone accumulated in the early phase was active in the later phase. Overall, we profiled the transcriptome and metabolome changes in C. cathayensis during the developmental phase to investigate the metabolic pathways and candidate genes underlying the changes at different growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Elnur Elam
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jing Ni
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
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Drishya S, Dhanisha SS, Guruvayoorappan C. Antioxidant-rich fraction of Amomum subulatum fruits mitigates experimental methotrexate-induced oxidative stress by regulating TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 proinflammatory cytokines. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13855. [PMID: 34250612 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The culinary spice Amomum subulatum was assessed for its phytochemical composition, in vitro antioxidant potential, and in vivo ameliorating effect against methotrexate (MTX)-induced toxicities. Phytochemical analysis of methanolic extract of A. subulatum dry fruits (MEAS) confirmed the presence of different bioactive secondary metabolites. MEAS scavenged reactive free radicals and inhibited lipid peroxidation in vitro. To confirm the antioxidant efficiency of MEAS, in vivo experiment was carried out in which MTX was administered to induce oxidative stress. Co-administration of MEAS reduced MTX-induced hepatic, renal, and pulmonary toxicities via significantly (p < .01) enhancing antioxidant status and reducing oxidative stress. MTX treatment significantly (p < .01) increased liver and kidney toxicity markers and increased proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) levels. However, co-administration of MEAS significantly (p < .01) reduced their levels, and tissue histopathology confirmed the protective effect of MEAS in maintaining normal tissue architecture following MTX treatment. Protective effect of MEAS is accredited to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties exhibited by bioactive compounds in MEAS. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Amomum subulatum (Black cardamom) is a folkloric and culinary spice used for its organoleptic, nutritional, and medicinal properties. This study demonstrated the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of A. subulatum dry fruits (MEAS). Toxicities associated with MTX therapy limit its clinical application. MEAS attenuated methotrexate-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and associated organ damages, suggesting the possible therapeutic application of A. subulatum in reducing oxidative stress and associated diseases. Our results showed that A. subulatum is a potential functional food, which may be used for the betterment of health due to its richness in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarsanan Drishya
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College Campus (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Suresh Sulekha Dhanisha
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College Campus (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Chandrasekharan Guruvayoorappan
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College Campus (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Uddin MJ, Russo D, Haque MA, Çiçek SS, Sönnichsen FD, Milella L, Zidorn C. Bioactive Abietane-Type Diterpenoid Glycosides from Leaves of Clerodendrum infortunatum (Lamiaceae). Molecules 2021; 26:4121. [PMID: 34299396 PMCID: PMC8306933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two previously undescribed diterpenoids, (5R,10S,16R)-11,16,19-trihydroxy-12-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-17(15→16),18(4→3)-diabeo-3,8,11,13-abietatetraene-7-one (1) and (5R,10S,16R)-11,16-dihydroxy-12-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-17(15→16),18(4→3)-diabeo-4-carboxy-3,8,11,13-abietatetraene-7-one (2), and one known compound, the C13-nor-isoprenoid glycoside byzantionoside B (3), were isolated from the leaves of Clerodendrum infortunatum L. (Lamiaceae). Structures were established based on spectroscopic and spectrometric data and by comparison with literature data. The three terpenoids, along with five phenylpropanoids: 6'-O-caffeoyl-12-glucopyranosyloxyjasmonic acid (4), jionoside C (5), jionoside D (6), brachynoside (7), and incanoside C (8), previously isolated from the same source, were tested for their in vitro antidiabetic (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), anticancer (Hs578T and MDA-MB-231), and anticholinesterase activities. In an in vitro test against carbohydrate digestion enzymes, compound 6 showed the most potent effect against mammalian α-amylase (IC50 3.4 ± 0.2 μM) compared to the reference standard acarbose (IC50 5.9 ± 0.1 μM). As yeast α-glucosidase inhibitors, compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 displayed moderate inhibitory activities, ranging from 24.6 to 96.0 μM, compared to acarbose (IC50 665 ± 42 μM). All of the tested compounds demonstrated negligible anticholinesterase effects. In an anticancer test, compounds 3 and 5 exhibited moderate antiproliferative properties with IC50 of 94.7 ± 1.3 and 85.3 ± 2.4 μM, respectively, against Hs578T cell, while the rest of the compounds did not show significant activity (IC50 > 100 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Josim Uddin
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (M.J.U.); (S.S.Ç.)
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’ Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (D.R.); (L.M.)
- Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Viale dell’ Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Md. Anwarul Haque
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan;
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Serhat Sezai Çiçek
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (M.J.U.); (S.S.Ç.)
| | - Frank D. Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’ Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (D.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Christian Zidorn
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (M.J.U.); (S.S.Ç.)
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Aguiar J, Gonçalves JL, Alves VL, Câmara JS. Relationship between Volatile Composition and Bioactive Potential of Vegetables and Fruits of Regular Consumption-An Integrative Approach. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123653. [PMID: 34203867 PMCID: PMC8232647 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying and exploring the potential health benefits of foods, mainly from vegetables and fruits from regular intake. The presence of secondary metabolites, namely polyphenols, carotenoids and terpenes, in certain food matrices seems to contribute to their functional properties, expressed through an increased prevention in the development of certain chronic diseases, namely coronary heart diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and diabetes. However, some foods' volatile secondary metabolites also present important bioactive properties, although this is a poorly scientifically explored field. In this context, and in order to explore the potential bioactivity of volatile metabolites in different vegetables and fruits from regular consumption, the volatile composition was established using a green extraction technique, solid phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME), combined with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 320 volatile metabolites, comprising 51 terpenic compounds, 45 organosulfur compounds, 31 aldehydes, 37 esters, 29 ketones, 28 alcohols, 23 furanic compounds, 22 hydrocarbons, 19 benzene compounds, 13 nitrogenous compounds, 9 carboxylic acids, 7 ethers, 4 halogenated compounds and 3 naphthalene derivatives, were positively identified. Each investigated fruit and vegetable showed a specific volatile metabolomic profile. The obtained results revealed that terpenic compounds, to which are associated antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities, are the most predominant chemical family in beetroot (61%), orange carrot (58%) and white carrot (61%), while organosulfur compounds (antiviral activity) are dominant in onion, garlic and watercress. Broccoli and spinach are essentially constituted by alcohols and aldehydes (enzyme-inhibition and antimicrobial properties), while fruits from the Solanaceae family are characterized by esters in tamarillo and aldehydes in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselin Aguiar
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.); (J.L.G.); (V.L.A.)
| | - João L. Gonçalves
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.); (J.L.G.); (V.L.A.)
| | - Vera L. Alves
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.); (J.L.G.); (V.L.A.)
| | - José S. Câmara
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.); (J.L.G.); (V.L.A.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-291-705-112; Fax: +351-291-705-149
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Qiu Y, Diao H, Zheng Y, Wu R. Multiscale Simulations on the Catalytic Plasticity of CYP76AH1. Front Chem 2021; 9:689731. [PMID: 34150721 PMCID: PMC8207200 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.689731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic promiscuity and fidelity of cytochrome P450 enzymes are widespread in the skeletal modification of terpenoid natural products and have attracted much attention. CYP76AH1 is involved in key modification reactions in the biosynthetic pathway of tanshinone, a well-known medicinal norditerpenoid. In this work, classical molecular dynamic simulations, metadynamics, and DFT calculations were performed to investigate the protein conformational dynamics, ligand binding poses, and catalytic reaction mechanism in wide-type and mutant CYP76AH1. Our results not only reveal a plausible enzymatic mechanism for mutant CYP76AH1 leading to various products but also provide valuable guidance for rational protein engineering of the CYP76 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongjuan Diao
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruibo Wu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Nerdy N, Lestari P, Sinaga JP, Ginting S, Zebua NF, Mierza V, Bakri TK. Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina Leach.) Lethality Test of Ethanolic Extract from Green Betel (Piper betle Linn.) and Red Betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.) through the Soxhletation Method for Cytotoxicity Test. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine is currently being explored and developed widely by various countries because its cost effectiveness and reduced side effects. The green betel (Piper betle Linn.) and the red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.) are plants from the same Piper genus that are widely cultivated in Indonesia and have various phytochemical properties and pharmacological effects. The objective of this research is to determine the cytotoxicity of green leaves and red betel leaves. This research was conducted in two main stages: first, the extraction and preparation through the soxhletation method; second, a cytotoxicity test through the brine shrimp (Artemia salina Leach) lethality test (BSLT). The results showed that there were lethal concentration 50 % (LC50) value in both green betel leaves ethanolic extract and red betel leaves ethanolic extract, with 44.975 μg per mL and 31.556 μg per mL, respectively. The red betel (leaves ethanolic extract has a higher cytotoxicity than green betel (leaves ethanolic extract which can be seen from the lower lethal concentration of 50% (LC50) value. The difference in cytotoxicity is due to differences in plant varieties that cause variations in phytochemical content which affects the pharmacological effects. The green betel leaves ethanolic extract and the red betel leaves ethanolic extract are cytotoxic and have potential anticancer properties.
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Zielińska-Błajet M, Pietrusiak P, Feder-Kubis J. Selected Monocyclic Monoterpenes and Their Derivatives as Effective Anticancer Therapeutic Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4763. [PMID: 33946245 PMCID: PMC8124601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenes-a diverse group of secondary metabolites-constitute the largest class of natural products abundant in almost every plant species. The properties of concrete terpenes and essential oils have been intensively studied due to their widespread use in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics industries. Despite the popularity of these aromatic compounds, their derivatives, terpenoids, are still not comprehensively characterized despite exhibiting potent bioactive properties. This review aims to assess the anticancer properties of selected monoterpenes including carvone, carvacrol, perillyl alcohol, perillaldehyde, limonene, menthol and their derivatives while also evaluating potential applications as novel anticancer treatments. Special attention is paid to functional groups that improve the bioactivity of monoterpene molecules. This review also covers the therapeutic potential of deep eutectic solvents that contain monoterpene substances. Taken together, the literature supports the use of monoterpene derivatives in the development of new alternatives for disease treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Zielińska-Błajet
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | | | - Joanna Feder-Kubis
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
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Behl T, Rocchetti G, Chadha S, Zengin G, Bungau S, Kumar A, Mehta V, Uddin MS, Khullar G, Setia D, Arora S, Sinan KI, Ak G, Putnik P, Gallo M, Montesano D. Phytochemicals from Plant Foods as Potential Source of Antiviral Agents: An Overview. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:381. [PMID: 33921724 PMCID: PMC8073840 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide include viral infections, such as Ebola, influenza virus, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and recently COVID-19 disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Currently, we can count on a narrow range of antiviral drugs, especially older generation ones like ribavirin and interferon which are effective against viruses in vitro but can often be ineffective in patients. In addition to these, we have antiviral agents for the treatment of herpes virus, influenza virus, HIV and hepatitis virus. Recently, drugs used in the past especially against ebolavirus, such as remdesivir and favipiravir, have been considered for the treatment of COVID-19 disease. However, even if these drugs represent important tools against viral diseases, they are certainly not sufficient to defend us from the multitude of viruses present in the environment. This represents a huge problem, especially considering the unprecedented global threat due to the advancement of COVID-19, which represents a potential risk to the health and life of millions of people. The demand, therefore, for new and effective antiviral drugs is very high. This review focuses on three fundamental points: (1) presents the main threats to human health, reviewing the most widespread viral diseases in the world, thus describing the scenario caused by the disease in question each time and evaluating the specific therapeutic remedies currently available. (2) It comprehensively describes main phytochemical classes, in particular from plant foods, with proven antiviral activities, the viruses potentially treated with the described phytochemicals. (3) Consideration of the various applications of drug delivery systems in order to improve the bioavailability of these compounds or extracts. A PRISMA flow diagram was used for the inclusion of the works. Taking into consideration the recent dramatic events caused by COVID-19 pandemic, the cry of alarm that denounces critical need for new antiviral drugs is extremely strong. For these reasons, a continuous systematic exploration of plant foods and their phytochemicals is necessary for the development of new antiviral agents capable of saving lives and improving their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
| | - Swati Chadha
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.Z.); (K.I.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Vineet Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Distt. Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171207, India;
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh;
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Gaurav Khullar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Dhruv Setia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.Z.); (K.I.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Gunes Ak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.Z.); (K.I.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Predrag Putnik
- Department of Food Technology, University North, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia;
| | - Monica Gallo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Carsanba E, Pintado M, Oliveira C. Fermentation Strategies for Production of Pharmaceutical Terpenoids in Engineered Yeast. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:295. [PMID: 33810302 PMCID: PMC8066412 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are a broad and diverse class of plant natural products with significant industrial and pharmaceutical importance. Many of these natural products have antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antimalarial effects, support transdermal absorption, prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases, and have hypoglycemic activities. Production of these compounds are generally carried out through extraction from their natural sources or chemical synthesis. However, these processes are generally unsustainable, produce low yield, and result in wasting of substantial resources, most of them limited. Microbial production of terpenoids provides a sustainable and environment-friendly alternative. In recent years, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has become a suitable cell factory for industrial terpenoid biosynthesis due to developments in omics studies (genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics), and mathematical modeling. Besides that, fermentation development has a significant importance on achieving high titer, yield, and productivity (TYP) of these compounds. Up to now, there have been many studies and reviews reporting metabolic strategies for terpene biosynthesis. However, fermentation strategies have not been yet comprehensively discussed in the literature. This review summarizes recent studies of recombinant production of pharmaceutically important terpenoids by engineered yeast, S. cerevisiae, with special focus on fermentation strategies to increase TYP in order to meet industrial demands to feed the pharmaceutical market. Factors affecting recombinant terpenoids production are reviewed (strain design and fermentation parameters) and types of fermentation process (batch, fed-batch, and continuous) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Carsanba
- Amyris BioProducts Portugal, Unipessoal, Lda. Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Carla Oliveira
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
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Komolafe K, Komolafe TR, Fatoki TH, Akinmoladun AC, Brai BIC, Olaleye MT, Akindahunsi AA. Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Herbal Therapy: Pertinent Issues Relating to Toxicity and Standardization of Phytopharmaceuticals. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2021; 31:142-161. [PMID: 33727754 PMCID: PMC7951132 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-021-00132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a virulent viral disease that has now become a public health emergency of global significance and still without an approved treatment regimen or cure. In the absence of curative drugs and with vaccines development still in progress, alternative approaches to stem the tide of the pandemic are being considered. The potential of a phytotherapeutic approach in the management of the dreaded disease has gained attention, especially in developing countries, with several claims of the development of anti-COVID-19 herbal formulations. This is a plausible approach especially with the increasing acceptance of herbal medicine in both alternative and orthodox medical practices worldwide. Also, the established efficacy of herbal remedies in the treatment of numerous viral diseases including those caused by coronaviruses, as well as diseases with symptoms associated with COVID-19, presents a valid case for serious consideration of herbal medicine in the treatment of COVID-19. However, there are legitimate concerns and daunting challenges with the use of herbs and herbal products. These include issues of quality control, unethical production practice, inadequate information on the composition, use and mechanisms, weak regulatory policies, herb-drug interactions and adverse reactions, and the tendency for abuse. This review discusses the feasibility of intervention with herbal medicine in the COVID-19 pandemic and the need to take proactive measures to protect public health by improving the quality and safety of herbal medicine deployed to combat the disease. Graphical abstract. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43450-021-00132-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayode Komolafe
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, PMB 373, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Titilope Ruth Komolafe
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, PMB 373, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, The Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Toluwase Hezekiah Fatoki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, The Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Afolabi Clement Akinmoladun
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, The Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Bartholomew I. C. Brai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, PMB 373, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Mary Tolulope Olaleye
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, The Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria
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76
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Sesquiterpene Lactones and Diterpenes: Promising Therapeutic Candidates for Infectious Diseases, Neoplasms and Other Chronic Disorders. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051251. [PMID: 33652593 PMCID: PMC7956199 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Sytar O, Brestic M, Hajihashemi S, Skalicky M, Kubeš J, Lamilla-Tamayo L, Ibrahimova U, Ibadullayeva S, Landi M. COVID-19 Prophylaxis Efforts Based on Natural Antiviral Plant Extracts and Their Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:727. [PMID: 33573318 PMCID: PMC7866841 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the time of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it has been crucial to search for novel antiviral drugs from plants and well as other natural sources as alternatives for prophylaxis. This work reviews the antiviral potential of plant extracts, and the results of previous research for the treatment and prophylaxis of coronavirus disease and previous kinds of representative coronaviruses group. Detailed descriptions of medicinal herbs and crops based on their origin native area, plant parts used, and their antiviral potentials have been conducted. The possible role of plant-derived natural antiviral compounds for the development of plant-based drugs against coronavirus has been described. To identify useful scientific trends, VOSviewer visualization of presented scientific data analysis was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Sytar
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Kiev National, University of Taras Shevchenko, Volodymyrska, 64, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (J.K.); (L.L.-T.)
| | - Shokoofeh Hajihashemi
- Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, 47189-63616 Khuzestan, Iran;
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (J.K.); (L.L.-T.)
| | - Jan Kubeš
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (J.K.); (L.L.-T.)
| | - Laura Lamilla-Tamayo
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (J.K.); (L.L.-T.)
| | - Ulkar Ibrahimova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Matbuat Avenue 2A, Az 1073 Baku, Azerbaijan; (U.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Sayyara Ibadullayeva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Matbuat Avenue 2A, Az 1073 Baku, Azerbaijan; (U.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56126 Behbahan, Italy
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Siddiqui S, Upadhyay S, Ahmad R, Gupta A, Srivastava A, Trivedi A, Husain I, Ahmad B, Ahamed M, Khan MA. Virtual screening of phytoconstituents from miracle herb nigella sativa targeting nucleocapsid protein and papain-like protease of SARS-CoV-2 for COVID-19 treatment. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:3928-3948. [PMID: 33289456 PMCID: PMC7738213 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1852117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Nigella sativa, commonly known as black seed or black cumin, has been a historical and traditional plant since thousands of years. Based on their therapeutic efficacy, the chief components of terpenoids and flavonoids were selected from N. sativa seeds and seed oil. This study was designed to check the antiviral efficacy of N. sativa main phytoconstituents against five potential targets of SARS-CoV-2 using in silico structure-based virtual screening approach. Out of twenty five phytocomponents, ten components showed best binding affinity against two viral proteins viz. N-terminal RNA binding domain (NRBD; PDB ID: 6M3M) of nucleocapsid protein and papain-like protease (PL-PRO; PDB ID: 6W9C) of SARS-CoV-2 using AutoDock 4.2.6, AutoDock Vina and iGEMDOCK. PASS analyses of all ten phytocomponents using Lipinski's Rule of five showed promising results. Further, druglikeness and toxicity assessment using OSIRIS Data Warrior v5.2.1 software exhibited the feasibility of phytocomponents as drug candidates with no predicted toxicity. Molecular dynamics simulation study of NRBD of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein-alpha-spinasterol complex and PL-PRO-cycloeucalenol complex displayed strong stability at 300 K. Both these complexes exhibited constant root mean square deviation (RMSDs) of protein side chains and Cα atoms throughout the simulation run time. Interestingly, PL-PRO and NRBD are key proteins in viral replication, host cell immune evasion and viral assembly. Thus, NRBD and PL-PRO have the potential to serve as therapeutic targets for N. sativa phytoconstituents in drug discovery process against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahabjada Siddiqui
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivbrat Upadhyay
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rumana Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditi Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anchal Trivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ishrat Husain
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- Research Cell, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Maqusood Ahamed
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Ali Khan
- Chancellor, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Akinloye OA, Akinloye DI, Lawal MA, Shittu MT, Metibemu DS. Terpenoids from Azadirachta indica are potent inhibitors of Akt: Validation of the anticancer potentials in hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13559. [PMID: 33190241 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary malignancy with poor patient prognosis and a high mortality rate. In this study, phytochemicals characterized from Azadirachta indica were screened against the catalytic site of Akt, and the anticancer potentials of the extracted leads (terpenoids) were determined in hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats. The lead compounds are terpenoids; hence, the extraction of terpenoids from A. indica. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) was employed for the characterization of the extract. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats were treated with the terpenoids extract. The hit, lupeol demonstrates inhibition of Akt and is a potential drug candidate. The terpenoids extract downregulate Akt mRNA and demonstrated anti-Akt downstream signaling effects; anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis, pro-apoptotic, and cell cycle arrest, it also demonstrated cellular regeneration, hepatoprotection, antioxidant potentials, and cellular repairs in hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy with poor patient prognosis and a high mortality rate. Akt, a serine/threonine kinase is at the crossroad of cell survival, the progression of the cell cycle, cell signaling, cell growth, cell division, and inactivation of pro-apoptotic factors. The inhibition of Akt is an effective therapeutic strategy against HCC. In this study, terpenoids from Azadirachta indica are potent inhibitors of Akt and hitherto demonstrate anticancer potentials. A. indica leaves are readily available globally and more also it is readily cultivated in African and Asia, continents with the highest prevalence of HCC. A. indica terpenoids extract demonstrate anti-HCC potentials and hence should be exploited in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseyi A Akinloye
- Department of Biochemistry, Phytomedicine, Phyto-chemistry and Bio-computing Research Laboratory, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Dorcas I Akinloye
- Department of Biochemistry, Phytomedicine, Phyto-chemistry and Bio-computing Research Laboratory, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Mariam A Lawal
- Department of Biochemistry, Phytomedicine, Phyto-chemistry and Bio-computing Research Laboratory, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Mujidat T Shittu
- Department of Biochemistry, Phytomedicine, Phyto-chemistry and Bio-computing Research Laboratory, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Damilohun S Metibemu
- Department of Biochemistry, Phytomedicine, Phyto-chemistry and Bio-computing Research Laboratory, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
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80
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Mączka W, Wińska K, Grabarczyk M. One Hundred Faces of Geraniol. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143303. [PMID: 32708169 PMCID: PMC7397177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Geraniol is a monoterpenic alcohol with a pleasant rose-like aroma, known as an important ingredient in many essential oils, and is used commercially as a fragrance compound in cosmetic and household products. However, geraniol has a number of biological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the activity of geraniol against prostate, bowel, liver, kidney and skin cancer. It can induce apoptosis and increase the expression of proapoptotic proteins. The synergy of this with other drugs may further increase the range of chemotherapeutic agents. The antibacterial activity of this compound was also observed on respiratory pathogens, skin and food-derived strains. This review discusses some of the most important uses of geraniol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Mączka
- Correspondence: (W.M.); (K.W.); (M.G.); Tel.: +48-71-320-5213 (W.M. & K.W.)
| | - Katarzyna Wińska
- Correspondence: (W.M.); (K.W.); (M.G.); Tel.: +48-71-320-5213 (W.M. & K.W.)
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81
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Sharma A, Biharee A, Kumar A, Jaitak V. Antimicrobial Terpenoids as a Potential Substitute in Overcoming Antimicrobial Resistance. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:1476-1494. [PMID: 32433003 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200520103427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There was a golden era where everyone thought that microbes can no longer establish threat to humans but the time has come where microbes are proposing strong resistance against the majority of antimicrobials. Over the years, the inappropriate use and easy availability of antimicrobials have made antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to emerge as the world's third leading cause of death. Microorganisms over the time span have acquired resistance through various mechanisms such as efflux pump, transfer through plasmids causing mutation, changing antimicrobial site of action, or modifying the antimicrobial which will lead to become AMR as the main cause of death worldwide by 2030. In order to overcome the emerging resistance against majority of antimicrobials, there is a need to uncover drugs from plants because they have proved to be effective antimicrobials due to the presence of secondary metabolites such as terpenoids. Terpenoids abundant in nature are produced in response to microbial attack have huge potential against various microorganisms through diverse mechanisms such as membrane disruption, anti-quorum sensing, inhibition of protein synthesis and ATP. New approaches like combination therapy of terpenoids and antimicrobials have increased the potency of treatment against various multidrug resistant microorganisms by showing synergism to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| | - Avadh Biharee
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
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