51
|
Shahgaldi S, Kahmini FR. A comprehensive review of Sirtuins: With a major focus on redox homeostasis and metabolism. Life Sci 2021; 282:119803. [PMID: 34237310 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins are Class III protein deacetylases with seven conserved isoforms. In general, Sirtuins are highly activated under cellular stress conditions in which NAD+ levels are increased. Nevertheless, regulation of Sirtuins extends far beyond the influences of cellular NAD+/NADH ratio and a rapidly expanding body of evidence currently suggests that their expression and catalytic activity are highly kept under control at multiple levels by various factors and processes. Owing to their intrinsic ability to enzymatically target various intracellular proteins, Sirtuins are prominently involved in the regulation of fundamental biological processes including inflammation, metabolism, redox homeostasis, DNA repair and cell proliferation and senescence. In fact, Sirtuins are well established to regulate and reprogram different redox and metabolic pathways under both pathological and physiological conditions. Therefore, alterations in Sirtuin levels can be a pivotal intermediary step in the pathogenesis of several disorders. This review first highlights the mechanisms involved in the regulation of Sirtuins and further summarizes the current findings on the major functions of Sirtuins in cellular redox homeostasis and bioenergetics (glucose and lipid metabolism).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Shahgaldi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei Kahmini
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Kumar V, Kundu S, Singh A, Singh S. Understanding the role of histone deacetylase and their inhibitors in neurodegenerative disorders: Current targets and future perspective. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:158-178. [PMID: 34151764 PMCID: PMC9199543 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210609160017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of pathological conditions that cause motor inc-ordination (jerking movements), cognitive and memory impairments result from degeneration of neurons in a specific area of the brain. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, neurochemical imbalance and histone deacetylase enzymes (HDAC) are known to play a crucial role in neurodegeneration. HDAC is classified into four categories (class I, II, III and class IV) depending upon their location and functions. HDAC1 and 2 are involved in neurodegeneration, while HDAC3-11 and class III HDACs are beneficial as neuroprotective. HDACs are localized in different parts of the brain- HDAC1 (hippocampus and cortex), HDAC2 (nucleus), HDAC3, 4, 5, 7 and 9 (nucleus and cytoplasm), HDAC6 & HDAC7 (cytoplasm) and HDAC11 (Nucleus, cornus ammonis 1 and spinal cord). In pathological conditions, HDAC up-regulates glutamate, phosphorylation of tau, and glial fibrillary acidic proteins while down-regulating BDNF, Heat shock protein 70 and Gelsolin. Class III HDACs are divided into seven sub-classes (SIRT1-SIRT7). Sirtuins are localized in the different parts of the brain and neuron -Sirt1 (nucleus), Sirt2 (cortex, striatum, hippocampus and spinal cord), Sirt3 (mitochondria and cytoplasm), Sirt4, Sirt5 & Sirt6 (mitochondria), Sirt7 (nucleus) and Sirt8 (nucleolus). SIRTs (1, 3, 4, and 6) are involved in neuronal survival, proliferation and modulating stress response, and SIRT2 is associated with Parkinsonism, Huntington’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, whereas SIRT6 is only associated with Alzheimer’s disease. In this critical review, we have discussed the mechanisms and therapeutic targets of HDACs that would be beneficial for the management of neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Kumar
- Scholar, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Satyabrata Kundu
- Scholar, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Shamsher Singh
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Santos-Lobato BL, Vidal AF, Ribeiro-dos-Santos Â. Regulatory miRNA-mRNA Networks in Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061410. [PMID: 34204164 PMCID: PMC8228551 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative disease, and its pathophysiology is associated with alpha-synuclein accumulation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, and many previous studies have described their dysregulation in plasma, CSF, and in the brain of patients with PD. In this study, we aimed to provide a regulatory network analysis on differentially expressed miRNAs in the brain of patients with PD. Based on our systematic review with a focus on the substantia nigra and the putamen, we found 99 differentially expressed miRNAs in brain samples from patients with PD, which regulate 135 target genes. Five genes associated with neuronal survival (BCL2, CCND1, FOXO3, MYC, and SIRT1) were modulated by dysregulated miRNAs found in the substantia nigra and the putamen of patients with PD. The functional enrichment analysis found FoxO and PI3K-AKT signaling as pathways related to PD. In conclusion, our comprehensive analysis of brain-related miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks in PD showed that mechanisms involving neuronal survival signaling, such as cell cycle control and regulation of autophagy/apoptosis, may be crucial for the neurodegeneration of PD, being a promising way for novel disease-modifying therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lopes Santos-Lobato
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, PA, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, PA, Brazil; (A.F.V.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Amanda Ferreira Vidal
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, PA, Brazil; (A.F.V.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Belém 66055-090, PA, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, PA, Brazil; (A.F.V.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Leite JA, Ghirotto B, Targhetta VP, de Lima J, Câmara NOS. Sirtuins as pharmacological targets in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1496-1511. [PMID: 34029375 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that regulate several processes, such as transcription, cell proliferation, differentiation and development. HDACs are classified as either Zn2+ -dependent or NAD+ -dependent enzymes. Over the years, experimental and clinical evidence has demonstrated that HDAC modulation is a critical process in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, most of the studies have focused on the role of Zn2+ -dependent HDACs in the development of these diseases, although there is growing evidence showing that the NAD+ -dependent HDACs, known as sirtuins, are also very promising targets. This possibility has been strengthened by reports of decreased levels of NAD+ in CNS disorders, which can lead to alterations in sirtuin activation and therefore result in increased pathology. In this review, we discuss the role of sirtuins in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders as well the possible rationale for them to be considered as pharmacological targets in future therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson A Leite
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Ghirotto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor P Targhetta
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean de Lima
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels O S Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Pratiwi R, Nantasenamat C, Ruankham W, Suwanjang W, Prachayasittikul V, Prachayasittikul S, Phopin K. Mechanisms and Neuroprotective Activities of Stigmasterol Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Neuronal Cell Death via Sirtuin Family. Front Nutr 2021; 8:648995. [PMID: 34055852 PMCID: PMC8149742 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.648995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating studies have confirmed that oxidative stress leads to the death of neuronal cells and is associated with the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the compelling evidence, there is a drawback to the use of the antioxidant approach for AD treatment, partly due to limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Phytosterol is known to exhibit BBB penetration and exerts various bioactivities such as antioxidant and anticancer effects, and displays a potential treatment for dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and dementia. Objective: In this study, the protective effects of stigmasterol, a phytosterol compound, on cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were examined in vitro using human neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y cells). Methods: MTT assay, reactive oxygen species measurement, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, apoptotic cell measurement, and protein expression profiles were performed to determine the neuroprotective properties of stigmasterol. Results: H2O2 exposure significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cells thereby inducing apoptosis. On the contrary, pretreatment with stigmasterol maintained ROS levels inside the cells and prevented oxidative stress-induced cell death. It was found that pre-incubation with stigmasterol also facilitated the upregulation of forkhead box O (FoxO) 3a, catalase, and anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in the neurons. In addition, the expression levels of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) were also increased while acetylated lysine levels were decreased, indicating that SIRT1 activity was stimulated by stigmasterol, and the result was comparable with the known SIRT1 activator, resveratrol. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that stigmasterol could be potentially useful to alleviate neurodegeneration induced by oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reny Pratiwi
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Science, Setia Budi University, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Chanin Nantasenamat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waralee Ruankham
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wilasinee Suwanjang
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Virapong Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supaluk Prachayasittikul
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kamonrat Phopin
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Luo Y, Chen H, Tsoi B, Wang Q, Shen J. Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS) Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Activating SIRT1 Signaling and Inhibiting NADPH Oxidases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:653795. [PMID: 33935765 PMCID: PMC8082392 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.653795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Danggui-Shayao-San (DSS) is a famous Traditional Chinese Medicine formula that used for treating pain disorders and maintaining neurological health. Recent studies indicate that DSS has neuroprotective effects against ischemic brain damage but its underlining mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the neuroprotective mechanisms of DSS for treating ischemic stroke. Adult male Sprague-Dawley (S.D.) rats were subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) plus 22 h of reperfusion. Both ethanol extract and aqueous extract of DSS (12 g/kg) were orally administrated into the rats at 30 min prior to MCAO ischemic onset. We found that 1) ethanol extract of DSS, instead of aqueous extract, reduced infarct sizes and improved neurological deficit scores in the post-ischemic stroke rats; 2) Ethanol extract of DSS down-regulated the expression of the cleaved-caspase 3 and Bax, up-regulated bcl-2 and attenuated apoptotic cell death in the ischemic brains; 3) Ethanol extract of DSS decreased the production of superoxide and peroxynitrite; 4) Ethanol extract of DSS significantly down-regulated the expression of p67phox but has no effect on p47phox and iNOS statistically. 5) Ethanol extract of DSS significantly up-regulated the expression of SIRT1 in the cortex and striatum of the post-ischemic brains; 6) Co-treatment of EX527, a SIRT1 inhibitor, abolished the DSS’s neuroprotective effects. Taken together, DSS could attenuate oxidative/nitrosative stress and inhibit neuronal apoptosis against cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury via SIRT1-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Luo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hansen Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bun Tsoi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Li X, Liu T, Wu TT, Feng Y, Peng SJ, Yin H, Wu YC. SIRT1 Deacetylates TET2 and Promotes Its Ubiquitination Degradation to Achieve Neuroprotection Against Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2021; 12:652882. [PMID: 33935952 PMCID: PMC8082066 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.652882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation, play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relationship between DNA methylation and histone acetylation in PD is not fully understood. Previous studies have shown that patients with PD exhibit an epigenetic and transcriptional upregulation of Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 (TET2), a member of the DNA hydroxylases family. Silence information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase, also plays a critical role in PD development and might be a potential target for PD therapy. Our previous data indicated that demethylation in the Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) promoter by the TET2 directly activated its expression, then promoted the cell cycle arrest and cell death induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+). In this study, we found that the enzyme activity of SIRT1 is negatively correlated with the protein level of TET2. In addition, the deacetylation of TET2 induced by SIRT1 promotes TET2 degradation via the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Furthermore, the activation of endogenous SIRT1 by resveratrol (RV) leads to CDKN2A DNA hypermethylation due to the decreased TET2 protein levels, which relieves the inhibitory effect on CDK4 and upregulation of pRb, allowing cell proliferation and growth. Similar effects are observed for the inhibition of endogenous TET2 enzyme activity with TET2 inhibitor. Together, we discover a new mechanism by which the SIRT1-TET2-CDKN2A pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of PD, which may provide a potential target for PD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Te Liu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Jia Peng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyong Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Cheng Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Carter B, Justin HS, Gulick D, Gamsby JJ. The Molecular Clock and Neurodegenerative Disease: A Stressful Time. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:644747. [PMID: 33889597 PMCID: PMC8056266 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.644747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm dysfunction occurs in both common and rare neurodegenerative diseases. This dysfunction manifests as sleep cycle mistiming, alterations in body temperature rhythms, and an increase in symptomatology during the early evening hours known as Sundown Syndrome. Disruption of circadian rhythm homeostasis has also been implicated in the etiology of neurodegenerative disease. Indeed, individuals exposed to a shifting schedule of sleep and activity, such as health care workers, are at a higher risk. Thus, a bidirectional relationship exists between the circadian system and neurodegeneration. At the heart of this crosstalk is the molecular circadian clock, which functions to regulate circadian rhythm homeostasis. Over the past decade, this connection has become a focal point of investigation as the molecular clock offers an attractive target to combat both neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis and circadian rhythm dysfunction, and a pivotal role for neuroinflammation and stress has been established. This review summarizes the contributions of molecular clock dysfunction to neurodegenerative disease etiology, as well as the mechanisms by which neurodegenerative diseases affect the molecular clock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Carter
- Gamsby Laboratory, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Hannah S Justin
- Gamsby Laboratory, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Danielle Gulick
- Gamsby Laboratory, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Joshua J Gamsby
- Gamsby Laboratory, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Dash R, Jahan I, Ali MC, Mitra S, Munni YA, Timalsina B, Hannan MA, Moon IS. Potential roles of natural products in the targeting of proteinopathic neurodegenerative diseases. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:105011. [PMID: 33711400 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Defective proteostasis is associated with the gradual accumulations of misfolded proteins and is a hallmark of many age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. In the aged brain, maintenance of the proteostasis network presents a substantial challenge, and its loss contributes to the onset and progression of neurological diseases associated with cognitive decline due to the generation of toxic protein aggregates, a process termed 'proteinopathy'. Emerging evidence suggests that reversing proteinopathies by boosting proteostasis might provide an effective means of preventing neurodegeneration. From this perspective, phytochemicals may play significant roles as potent modulators of the proteostasis network, as previous reports have suggested they can interact with various network components to modify pathologies and confer neuroprotection. This review focuses on some potent phytochemicals that directly or indirectly modulate the proteostasis network and on their possible molecular targets. In addition, we propose strategies for the natural product-based modulation of proteostasis machinery that target proteinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Israt Jahan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Chayan Ali
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Sarmistha Mitra
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeasmin Akter Munni
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Binod Timalsina
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Promotion of Momordica Charantia polysaccharides on neural stem cell proliferation by increasing SIRT1 activity after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Brain Res Bull 2021; 170:254-263. [PMID: 33647420 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The deacetylase SIRT1 has been reported to play a critical role in regulating neurogenesis, which may be an adaptive processes contributing to recovery after stroke. Our previous work showed that the antioxidant capacity of Momordica charantia polysaccharides (MCPs) could protect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) after stroke. However, whether the protective effect of MCPs on I/R injury is related to neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation remains unclear. In the present study, we designed invivo and invitro experiments to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which MCPs promote endogenous NSC proliferation during cerebral I/R. Invivo results showed that MCPs rescued the memory and learning abilities of rats after I/R damage and enhanced NSC proliferation in the rat subventricular zone (SVZ) and subgrannular zone (SGZ) during I/R. Invitro experiments demonstrated that MCPs could stimulate the proliferation of C17.2 cells under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions. Further studies revealed that the proliferation-promoting mechanism of MCPs relied on increasing the activity of SIRT1, decreasing the level of acetylation of β-catenin in the cytoplasm, and then triggering the translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus. These data provide experimental evidence that the up-regulation of SIRT1 activity by MCPs led to an increased cytoplasmic deacetylation of β-catenin, which promoted translocation of β-catenin to the nucleus to participate in the signaling pathway involved in NSC proliferation. The present study reveals that MCPs function as a therapeutic drug to promote stroke recovery by increasing the activity of SIRT1, decreasing the level of acetylated β-catenin, promoting the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and thereby increasing endogenous NSC proliferation.
Collapse
|
61
|
Role of NAD + in regulating cellular and metabolic signaling pathways. Mol Metab 2021; 49:101195. [PMID: 33609766 PMCID: PMC7973386 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a critical coenzyme present in every living cell, is involved in a myriad of metabolic processes associated with cellular bioenergetics. For this reason, NAD+ is often studied in the context of aging, cancer, and neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. Scope of review Cellular NAD+ depletion is associated with compromised adaptive cellular stress responses, impaired neuronal plasticity, impaired DNA repair, and cellular senescence. Increasing evidence has shown the efficacy of boosting NAD+ levels using NAD+ precursors in various diseases. This review provides a comprehensive understanding into the role of NAD+ in aging and other pathologies and discusses potential therapeutic targets. Major conclusions An alteration in the NAD+/NADH ratio or the NAD+ pool size can lead to derailment of the biological system and contribute to various neurodegenerative disorders, aging, and tumorigenesis. Due to the varied distribution of NAD+/NADH in different locations within cells, the direct role of impaired NAD+-dependent processes in humans remains unestablished. In this regard, longitudinal studies are needed to quantify NAD+ and its related metabolites. Future research should focus on measuring the fluxes through pathways associated with NAD+ synthesis and degradation. NAD+ regulates energy metabolism, DNA damage repair, gene expression, and stress response. NAD+ deterioration contributes to the progression of multiple metabolic disorders, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. Nicotinamide mononucleotide and nicotinamide riboside raise NAD+ levels in different tissues in preclinical models. Imaging studies on genetic models can illustrate the pathways of NAD+metabolism and their downstream functional effects. Human clinical trials to determine benefits of restoration of NAD+ by using NAD precursors are in progress.
Collapse
|
62
|
Sirt1 Activity in the Brain: Simultaneous Effects on Energy Homeostasis and Reproduction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031243. [PMID: 33573212 PMCID: PMC7908627 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diet deeply impacts brain functions like synaptic plasticity and cognitive processes, neuroendocrine functions, reproduction and behaviour, with detrimental or protective effects on neuronal physiology and therefore consequences for health. In this respect, the activity of metabolic sensors within the brain is critical for the maintenance of health status and represents a possible therapeutic target for some diseases. This review summarizes the main activity of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1), a metabolic sensor within the brain with a focus on the link between the central control of energy homeostasis and reproduction. The possible modulation of Sirt1 by natural phytochemical compounds like polyphenols is also discussed.
Collapse
|
63
|
Manjula R, Anuja K, Alcain FJ. SIRT1 and SIRT2 Activity Control in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:585821. [PMID: 33597872 PMCID: PMC7883599 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.585821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are NAD+ dependent histone deacetylases (HDAC) that play a pivotal role in neuroprotection and cellular senescence. SIRT1-7 are different homologs from sirtuins. They play a prominent role in many aspects of physiology and regulate crucial proteins. Modulation of sirtuins can thus be utilized as a therapeutic target for metabolic disorders. Neurological diseases have distinct clinical manifestations but are mainly age-associated and due to loss of protein homeostasis. Sirtuins mediate several life extension pathways and brain functions that may allow therapeutic intervention for age-related diseases. There is compelling evidence to support the fact that SIRT1 and SIRT2 are shuttled between the nucleus and cytoplasm and perform context-dependent functions in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). In this review, we highlight the regulation of SIRT1 and SIRT2 in various neurological diseases. This study explores the various modulators that regulate the activity of SIRT1 and SIRT2, which may further assist in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. Moreover, we analyze the structure and function of various small molecules that have potential significance in modulating sirtuins, as well as the technologies that advance the targeted therapy of neurodegenerative disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramu Manjula
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Kumari Anuja
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Francisco J. Alcain
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Jumnongprakhon P, Pinkaew D, Phuneerub P. The antiaging property of aqueous extract of Millingtonia hortensis flowers in aging neuron. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2021; 12:14-21. [PMID: 33532349 PMCID: PMC7832191 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_187_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is the key mediator of cellular dysfunction before undergoing degenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease. The aging process was mainly by the overactivation of senescence associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) enzyme before mediated several negative responses, including intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cellular senescence regulation, and death prior encourage synaptic loss. Thus, in the recent work, we evaluated the in vitro effects of aqueous extract of Millingtonia hortensis L. (MH) from flower in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced senescence in SK-N-SH cells. Herein, we demonstrated that MH significantly increased cell viability and decreased both of apoptotic cells and ROS production in a dose-dependent manner comparing to aging group (P < 0.01) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, flow cytometry, and ROS assay. Furthermore, the number of SA-β-gal-positive cells was also reduced in MH treatment (P < 0.01) together with the promotion of Sirt-1 protein. Importantly, MH also promoted the synaptic plasticity by decreased acetylcholinesterase activity and increased synaptophysin expression in aging neurons comparing to aging group (P < 0.01). Hispidulin (the active ingredient in MH) was also revealed the similarly effects to MH. Therefore, we suggested that MH might be beneficially for neurodegenerative disease that caused by aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pichaya Jumnongprakhon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Decha Pinkaew
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pravaree Phuneerub
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, School of Integrative Medicine, Chiang Rai, Thailand.,Medicinal Plants Innovation Center of Mae Fah Luang University, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Li T, Pang Q, Liu Y, Bai M, Peng Y, Zhang Z. Sulforaphane protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells from oxidative stress via the miR-34a/SIRT1 axis by upregulating nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:186. [PMID: 33488795 PMCID: PMC7812584 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced vascular endothelial cell dysfunction serves an essential role in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. Sulforaphane (SFN), a naturally occurring antioxidant, has previously demonstrated to exert protective effects on the endothelium against oxidative stress. However, further studies are required to determine its underlying molecular mechanism prior to clinical application. Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in the microRNA (miRNA/miR)-34a/sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) axis occur with oxidative stress. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate if SFN exerts a protective role against oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells through regulation of the miR-34a/SIRT1 axis. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with H2O2 in the presence or absence of SFN pretreatment. Cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed using CellTiter-Blue and flow cytometry, respectively. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were performed to determine changes in the expression levels of miR-34a and SIRT1. The expression levels of miR-34a and SIRT1 were artificially regulated following transfection with miR-34a mimic and inhibitor or SIRT1expression plasmid and small interfering RNA, respectively. Subsequently, the effect of the expression changes of miR-34 and SIRT1 on oxidative stress-induced cell injury was investigated. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the targeted binding of miR-34a to SIRT1. SFN was found to ameliorate cellular damage caused by H2O2 and inhibited intracellular reactive oxygen species production. In addition, miR-34a upregulation was accompanied with reduced SIRT1 expression in HUVECs, following H2O2 treatment. miR-34a was revealed to directly target SIRT1 by binding to its 3'-untranslated region. Down-regulation of miR-34a and up-regulation of SIRT1 increased the survival of HUVECs under oxidative stress. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that SFN may protect HUVECs from oxidative stress by inducing changes in the miR-34a/SIRT1 axis via upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Qi Pang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Gansu Gem Flower Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yongbin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Gansu Gem Flower Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ming Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Chandramowlishwaran P, Vijay A, Abraham D, Li G, Mwangi SM, Srinivasan S. Role of Sirtuins in Modulating Neurodegeneration of the Enteric Nervous System and Central Nervous System. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:614331. [PMID: 33414704 PMCID: PMC7783311 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.614331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration of the central and enteric nervous systems is a common feature of aging and aging-related diseases, and is accelerated in individuals with metabolic dysfunction including obesity and diabetes. The molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in both the CNS and ENS are overlapping. Sirtuins are an important family of histone deacetylases that are important for genome stability, cellular response to stress, and nutrient and hormone sensing. They are activated by calorie restriction (CR) and by the coenzyme, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Sirtuins, specifically the nuclear SIRT1 and mitochondrial SIRT3, have been shown to have predominantly neuroprotective roles in the CNS while the cytoplasmic sirtuin, SIRT2 is largely associated with neurodegeneration. A systematic study of sirtuins in the ENS and their effect on enteric neuronal growth and survival has not been conducted. Recent studies, however, also link sirtuins with important hormones such as leptin, ghrelin, melatonin, and serotonin which influence many important processes including satiety, mood, circadian rhythm, and gut homeostasis. In this review, we address emerging roles of sirtuins in modulating the metabolic challenges from aging, obesity, and diabetes that lead to neurodegeneration in the ENS and CNS. We also highlight a novel role for sirtuins along the microbiota-gut-brain axis in modulating neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Chandramowlishwaran
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Research-Gastroenterology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Anitha Vijay
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Daniel Abraham
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ge Li
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Research-Gastroenterology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Simon Musyoka Mwangi
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Research-Gastroenterology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Shanthi Srinivasan
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Research-Gastroenterology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Sang L, He YJ, Kang J, Ye H, Bai W, Luo XD, Sun J. Mitochondrial Deoxyguanosine Kinase Regulates NAD + Biogenesis Independent of Mitochondria Complex I Activity. Front Oncol 2020; 10:570656. [PMID: 33392072 PMCID: PMC7775518 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.570656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of DGUOK promotes mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation and lung adenocarcinoma progression. However, the role and mechanism of DGUOK in regulation of mitochondria function and lung cancer progression still poorly understood. Here we demonstrated that DGUOK regulated NAD+ biogenesis. Depletion of the DGUOK significantly decreased NAD+ level. Furthermore, knockout of the DGUOK considerably reduced expression of the NMNAT2, a key molecule controlling NAD+ synthesis, at both mRNA and protein levels. Ectopic expression of the NMNAT2 abrogated the effect of knockdown of DGUOK on NAD+. Notably, this regulation is independent of DGUOK -mediated mitochondria complex I activity. We also showed that NMNAT2 was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and negatively correlated with the patient overall survival. Our study suggested that DGUOK regulates NAD+ in a NMNAT2 dependent manner and DGUOK-NMNAT2-NAD+ axis could be a potential therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying-Jie He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiaxin Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongyi Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Weiyu Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Yeong KY, Berdigaliyev N, Chang Y. Sirtuins and Their Implications in Neurodegenerative Diseases from a Drug Discovery Perspective. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:4073-4091. [PMID: 33280374 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are class III histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes that target both histone and non-histone substrates. They are linked to different brain functions and the regulation of different isoforms of these enzymes is touted to be an emerging therapy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The level of sirtuins affects brain health as many sirtuin-regulated pathways are responsible for the progression of NDs. Certain sirtuins are also implicated in aging, which is a risk factor for many NDs. In addition to SIRT1-3, it has been suggested that the less studied sirtuins (SIRT4-7) also play critical roles in brain health. This review delineates the role of each sirtuin isoform in NDs from a disease centric perspective and provides an up-to-date overview of sirtuin modulators and their potential use as therapeutics in these diseases. Furthermore, the future perspectives for sirtuin modulator development and their therapeutic application in neurodegeneration are outlined in detail, hence providing a research direction for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keng Yoon Yeong
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurken Berdigaliyev
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yuin Chang
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College (TARUC), Jalan Genting Kelang, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Li X, Feng Y, Wang XX, Truong D, Wu YC. The Critical Role of SIRT1 in Parkinson's Disease: Mechanism and Therapeutic Considerations. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1608-1622. [PMID: 33269110 PMCID: PMC7673849 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silence information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a member of the sirtuin family, targets histones and many non-histone proteins and participates in various physiological functions. The enzymatic activity of SIRT1 is decreased in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), which may reduce their ability to resist neuronal damage caused by various neurotoxins. As far as we know, SIRT1 can induce autophagy by regulating autophagy related proteins such as AMP-activated protein kinase, light chain 3, mammalian target of rapamycin, and forkhead transcription factor 1. Furthermore, SIRT1 can regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress mainly by maintaining peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in a deacetylated state and thus maintaining a constant level of PGC-1α. Other studies have demonstrated that SIRT1 may play a role in the pathophysiology of PD by regulating neuroinflammation. SIRT1 deacetylases nuclear factor-kappa B and thus reduces its transcriptional activity, inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and decreases tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels. SIRT1 can also upregulate heat shock protein 70 by deacetylating heat shock factor 1 to increase the degradation of α-synuclein oligomers. Few studies have focused on the relationship between SIRT1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and PD risk, so this topic requires further research. Based on the neuroprotective effects of SIRT1 on PD, many in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that some SIRT1 activators, notably resveratrol, have potential neuroprotective effects against dopaminergic neuronal damage caused by various neurotoxins. Thus, SIRT1 plays a critical role in PD development and might be a potential target for PD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- 1Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Ya Feng
- 1Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xi-Xi Wang
- 1Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Daniel Truong
- 2The Truong Neurosciences Institute, Orange Coast Memorial Medical Center, Fountain Valley, CA, USA.,3Department of Neurosciences and Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Yun-Cheng Wu
- 1Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Abdelwahab SA, Elsebay SAG, Ibrahim MFG, Abdel Hafez SMN. Cerebral and cerebellar histological changes in the rat animal model of rotenone induced parkinsonism can be ameliorated by bone marrow derived stem cell conditioned media. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 111:101892. [PMID: 33220428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting elderly patients. It occurs due to the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). We continue our work in this model focusing on other brain areas affected with this disorder; cerebral cortex and cerebellum (areas other than substantia nigra) for better understanding the motor and behavior effect of the Parkinson disease as a forward steep for its treatment and medical control. This work aims to evaluate the therapeutic effect of stem cell-conditioned medium in the Parkinsonism model. In this study, Parkinsonism model was induced in rats by daily subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mg/Kg of rotenone for 28 days. Thirty rats were divided randomly into 3 groups; control, Parkinson, and conditioned medium (CM) treated groups. Cerebral Cortex and Cerebellum were obtained for histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies. In the Parkinsonism group, marked histological changes were observed. These findings were nearly ameliorated in CM treated group as confirmed by the biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical (anti-alpha synculein, anti GFAP and anti nestin) studies. It could be concluded that CM had a good therapeutic effect on Parkinsonism induced damage in both the cerebral cortex and cerebellum.
Collapse
|
71
|
Li Y, Jiao Q, Du X, Jiang H. Sirt1/FoxO1-Associated MAO-A Upregulation Promotes Depressive-Like Behavior in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human A53T α-Synuclein. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3838-3848. [PMID: 33155799 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonmotor symptoms are of pivotal importance in Parkinson's disease (PD), among which depressive disorder occurs in more than 45% of PD cases. Decreased levels of noradrenaline (NA) and serotonin (5-HT) in the central nervous system are relevant to it; however, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. To this end, we conducted behavioral assays to analyze the depressive phenotype in transgenic mice with overexpressed A53T human α-synuclein (A53T mice) and examined alterations of NAergic and 5-HTergic systems in the neuron degeneration, neurotransmitter production, and degradation aspects of the mouse. As compared to controls, A53T mice displayed elevated depressive-like behavior at 6 months, which presents earlier than motor deficits do at 12 months. We detected reduced levels of NA and 5-HT in the hippocampus and NA in the locus coeruleus of 6-month A53T mice. There was no loss of NAergic and 5-HTergic neurons or decreased neurotransmitter synthesis in the brain. However, the expression of MAO-A, an enzyme responsible for NA and 5-HT degradation, was upregulated in A53T mice. Mechanistically, Sirt1 was downregulated which lead to an increase in FoxO1 acetylation, which subsequently increased the transcription of MAO-A. Activation of Sirt1 by resveratrol or inhibition of MAO-A by moclobemide administration could restore brain NA and 5-HT levels and attenuate the depressive-like behavior of A53T mice. Taken together, our results provided a novel correlation between Sirt1 and MAO-A, and compounds targeting on these molecules are beneficial for improving depression in the A53T mouse model of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Jiao
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, China
| | - Xixun Du
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Teixeira CSS, Cerqueira NMFSA, Gomes P, Sousa SF. A Molecular Perspective on Sirtuin Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228609. [PMID: 33203121 PMCID: PMC7696986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein acetylation of either the α-amino groups of amino-terminal residues or of internal lysine or cysteine residues is one of the major posttranslational protein modifications that occur in the cell with repercussions at the protein as well as at the metabolome level. The lysine acetylation status is determined by the opposing activities of lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and lysine deacetylases (KDACs), which add and remove acetyl groups from proteins, respectively. A special group of KDACs, named sirtuins, that require NAD+ as a substrate have received particular attention in recent years. They play critical roles in metabolism, and their abnormal activity has been implicated in several diseases. Conversely, the modulation of their activity has been associated with protection from age-related cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and with increased longevity. The benefits of either activating or inhibiting these enzymes have turned sirtuins into attractive therapeutic targets, and considerable effort has been directed toward developing specific sirtuin modulators. This review summarizes the protein acylation/deacylation processes with a special focus on the current developments in the sirtuin research field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla S. S. Teixeira
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, BioSIM - Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.S.T.); (N.M.F.S.A.C.)
| | - Nuno M. F. S. A. Cerqueira
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, BioSIM - Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.S.T.); (N.M.F.S.A.C.)
| | - Pedro Gomes
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, R. Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sérgio F. Sousa
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, BioSIM - Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.S.T.); (N.M.F.S.A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-551-3600
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Qazi TJ, Lu J, Duru L, Zhao J, Qing H. Upregulation of mir-132 induces dopaminergic neuronal death via activating SIRT1/P53 pathway. Neurosci Lett 2020; 740:135465. [PMID: 33166640 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
For several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD), microRNAs (miRNAs) have been known to play a crucial role. So, in this study miR-132 and its role in PD cell models was investigated. We wanted to investigate the survival or death pathway involved in PD. We observed the expression levels of miR-132 in MPP+ - treated SH-SY5Y cell line, which acted as a PD cell model, and found an increased expression of miR-132. Moreover, through the Dual-Luciferase® Reporter (DLR™) Assay, it was also revealed that miR-132 targets SIRT1 3'UTR, a histone deacetylase, and decreases its activity, which results in increased acetylation of p53, an apoptotic inducer. p53 acetylation leads to overexpression of other pro-apoptotic genes like Puma and Noxa, which eventually leads to cell death. Here, we show that the upregulation of miR-132 in SH-SY5Y cells can induce apoptosis through the SIRT1/p53 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talal Jamil Qazi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiangkun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lucienne Duru
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Department of Materials Processing Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Hong Qing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Mir-141-3p Regulates Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential via Targeting Sirtuin1 in a 1-Methyl-4-Phenylpyridinium in vitro Model of Parkinson's Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7239895. [PMID: 33204711 PMCID: PMC7666638 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7239895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The present study investigated miR-141-3p/sirtuin1 (SIRT1) activity in a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium- (MPP+-) induced PC12-cell model of PD. Methods PC12 cells were exposed to MMP+ following induction of differentiation by nerve growth factor (NGF). miR-141-3p and SIRT1 expressions were examined using RT-qPCR and western blot. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay. Apoptosis percentage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were evaluated using flow cytometry. Expression of Nuclear factor-kappa B- (NF-κB-) related proteins was determined by western blot. Bioinformatic analysis, RT-qPCR, and luciferase reporter assay were used to confirm the interaction between miR-141-3p and SIRT1. Results miR-141-3p was upregulated, and SIRT1 was downregulated in MPP+-treated PC12 cells. MPP+ treatment also upregulated nitric oxide synthase 1 (Nos1) and α-synuclein. miR-141-3p induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and downregulated the SIRT1 mRNA expression. The luciferase reporter assay showed that SIRT1 was the target of miR-141-3p. SIRT1 transfection attenuated apoptosis, ROS production and maintained Δψm. SIRT1 also downregulated Nos1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6(IL-6) and upregulated B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein. In addition, SIRT1 activator resveratrol blocked the effects of miR-141-3p mimic on Nos1, α-synuclein, and mitochondrial membrane potential. SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol reversed the biological effects of miR-141-3p. Conclusion Increased miR-141-3p induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in MPP+-treated PC12 cells by directly targeting the SIRT1 expression. Our study provided a potential therapeutic strategy for PD.
Collapse
|
75
|
Imbalance of Lysine Acetylation Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197182. [PMID: 33003340 PMCID: PMC7582258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The neuropathological features of PD are selective and progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, deficiencies in striatal dopamine levels, and the presence of intracellular Lewy bodies. Interactions among aging and genetic and environmental factors are considered to underlie the common etiology of PD, which involves multiple changes in cellular processes. Recent studies suggest that changes in lysine acetylation and deacetylation of many proteins, including histones and nonhistone proteins, might be tightly associated with PD pathogenesis. Here, we summarize the changes in lysine acetylation of both histones and nonhistone proteins, as well as the related lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and lysine deacetylases (KDACs), in PD patients and various PD models. We discuss the potential roles and underlying mechanisms of these changes in PD and highlight that restoring the balance of lysine acetylation/deacetylation of histones and nonhistone proteins is critical for PD treatment. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different KAT/KDAC inhibitors or activators in the treatment of PD models and emphasize that SIRT1 and SIRT3 activators and SIRT2 inhibitors are the most promising effective therapeutics for PD.
Collapse
|
76
|
Berardelli I, Belvisi D, Nardella A, Falcone G, Lamis DA, Fabbrini G, Berardelli A, Girardi P, Pompili M. Suicide in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:466-477. [PMID: 31269887 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190703093345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders and suicide have been reported in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. The aims of the present paper were to determine whether patients with Parkinson's disease have an increased rate of suicide and to identify the clinical features possibly associated with suicide risk in Parkinson's disease. We also reviewed the studies on suicide risk in Parkinson's disease in patients after deep brain stimulation. We performed a Medline, Excerpta Medica, PsycLit, PsycInfo and Index Medicus search to identify all articles published on this topic from 1970 to 2019. The following search terms were used: suicide OR suicide attempt OR suicidal ideation OR suicide risk AND Parkinson's disease AND Parkinson's disease and deep brain stimulation. The studies we identified that assessed the suicide rate associated with Parkinson's disease yielded contrasting results, although an increase in suicidal ideation did emerge. The studies on the effect of deep brain stimulation on suicide risk in Parkinson's disease also reported mixed findings. Psychiatric symptoms, including depression, appear to be associated with suicide risk in patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing medical and after surgical treatment. The studies reviewed suggest that suicidal ideation is increased in Parkinson's disease. Further longitudinal studies designed to assess suicidality in this condition are still needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Berardelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Adele Nardella
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Falcone
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30303, United States
| | - Giovanni Fabbrini
- IRCSS Neuromed Institute Pozzilli, IS, Italy.,Department of Human Neurosciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berardelli
- IRCSS Neuromed Institute Pozzilli, IS, Italy.,Department of Human Neurosciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Resveratrol protects retinal ganglion cell axons through regulation of the SIRT1-JNK pathway. Exp Eye Res 2020; 200:108249. [PMID: 32956685 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
It is reported that Ischemia and reperfusion damage (I/R damage) can lead to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and neurodegeneration, which in turn can lead to irreversible vision loss. In this study, we sought to understand the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol, the important activator of sirtuin1 (SIRT1), on RGC survival in I/R damage model and the molecular mechanism that mediate this effect. Our results show that resveratrol could reverse axonal swelling, holes, and the chaos of the nucleus in axons of RGCs caused by I/R. At the same time, resveratrol could also reverse the activation of retinal astrocytes and the loss of RGCs caused by I/R. Resveratrol increased the expression of SIRT1 while decreasing the phosphorylation of N-terminal kinase (JNK). SP600125(JNK inhibitor) decreased the phosphorylation of JNK while increasing the expression of SIRT1, indicating that SIRT1 and JNK can interact with each other. Simultaneous administration of resveratrol and sirtinol (SIRT1 inhibitor) neither increased the expression of SIRT1 nor decreased the phosphorylation of JNK, indicating that resveratrol affects the phosphorylation of JNK by SIRT1. In total, our research shows that resveratrol treatment significantly reduces apoptosis and axonal degeneration of RGCs, and this protection is partly mediated through the SIRT1-JNK pathway.
Collapse
|
78
|
The Beneficial Roles of SIRT1 in Neuroinflammation-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6782872. [PMID: 33014276 PMCID: PMC7519200 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6782872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins are the class III of histone deacetylases whose deacetylate of histones is dependent on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Among seven sirtuins, SIRT1 plays a critical role in modulating a wide range of physiological processes, including apoptosis, DNA repair, inflammatory response, metabolism, cancer, and stress. Neuroinflammation is associated with many neurological diseases, including ischemic stroke, bacterial infections, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, numerous studies indicate the protective effects of SIRT1 in neuroinflammation-related diseases. Here, we review the latest progress regarding the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of SIRT1. First, we introduce the structure, catalytic mechanism, and functions of SIRT1. Next, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of SIRT1 in the regulation of neuroinflammation. Finally, we analyze the mechanisms and effects of SIRT1 in several common neuroinflammation-associated diseases, such as cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, AD, and PD. Taken together, this information implies that SIRT1 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of neuroinflammation-associated disorders.
Collapse
|
79
|
Zhu Y, Zhu X, Zhou Y, Zhang D. Reduced serum SIRT1 levels in patients with Parkinson's disease: a cross-sectional study in China. Neurol Sci 2020; 42:1835-1841. [PMID: 32909152 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder lacking of validated biomarkers. Experimental studies support the potential value of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) in neurodegeneration including PD. We aim to detect the serum levels of SIRT1 in PD patients in order to assess its value as a potential biomarker of PD. METHODS Fifty-eight PD patients and 91 healthy controls were included. Serum SIRT1 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared between controls and PD patients. Spearman correlation coefficient was analyzed to study the relationship between serum SIRT1 and clinical parameters in PD patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to assess the diagnostic value of serum SIRT1 in PD identification. RESULTS Serum SIRT1 was significantly reduced in PD patients compared with controls. According to the ROC curve, the optimal cut-off point was 0.47 ng/ml with the sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 71%. Serum SIRT1 level was related to age of onset, disease duration, Hoehn-Yahr staging scale (H-Y stage), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS III), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). PD patients with cognitive impairment had lower serum SIRT1 than those with normal cognitive ability. CONCLUSIONS Serum SIRT1 was reduced in PD patients and associated with disease severity and cognitive function. Our results indicate that SIRT1 may be a potential biomarker for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital No.2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital No.2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital No.2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital No.2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Flores-Dorantes MT, Díaz-López YE, Gutiérrez-Aguilar R. Environment and Gene Association With Obesity and Their Impact on Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:863. [PMID: 32982666 PMCID: PMC7483585 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease in which environmental conditions and several genes play an important role in the development of this disease. Obesity is associated with neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington diseases) and with neurodevelopmental diseases (autism disorder, schizophrenia, and fragile X syndrome). Some of the environmental conditions that lead to obesity are physical activity, alcohol consumption, socioeconomic status, parent feeding behavior, and diet. Interestingly, some of these environmental conditions are shared with neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Obesity impairs neurodevelopment abilities as memory and fine-motor skills. Moreover, maternal obesity affects the cognitive function and mental health of the offspring. The common biological mechanisms involved in obesity and neurodegenerative/neurodevelopmental diseases are insulin resistance, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative damage, among others, leading to impaired brain development or cell death. Obesogenic environmental conditions are not the only factors that influence neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. In fact, several genes implicated in the leptin-melanocortin pathway (LEP, LEPR, POMC, BDNF, MC4R, PCSK1, SIM1, BDNF, TrkB, etc.) are associated with obesity and neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Moreover, in the last decades, the discovery of new genes associated with obesity (FTO, NRXN3, NPC1, NEGR1, MTCH2, GNPDA2, among others) and with neurodegenerative or neurodevelopmental diseases (APOE, CD38, SIRT1, TNFα, PAI-1, TREM2, SYT4, FMR1, TET3, among others) had opened new pathways to comprehend the common mechanisms involved in these diseases. In conclusion, the obesogenic environmental conditions, the genes, and the interaction gene-environment would lead to a better understanding of the etiology of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Flores-Dorantes
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Farmacogenómica, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | - Yael Efren Díaz-López
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México “Federico Gómez,”Mexico City, Mexico
- División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ruth Gutiérrez-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México “Federico Gómez,”Mexico City, Mexico
- División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Yang Q, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Luo Y, Shen Y, Shao A. Will Sirtuins Be Promising Therapeutic Targets for TBI and Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases? Front Neurosci 2020; 14:791. [PMID: 32848564 PMCID: PMC7411228 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a leading cause of morbidity worldwide, induces mechanical, persistent structural, and metabolic abnormalities in neurons and other brain-resident cells. The key pathological features of TBI include neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These pathological processes persist for a period of time after TBIs. Sirtuins are evolutionarily conserved nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases and mono-ADP-ribosyl transferases. The mammalian sirtuin family has seven members, referred to as Sirtuin (SIRT) 1-7. Accumulating evidence suggests that SIRT1 and SIRT3 play a neuroprotective role in TBI. Although the evidence is scant, considering the involvement of SIRT2, 4-7 in other brain injury models, they may also intervene in similar pathophysiology in TBI. Neurodegenerative diseases are generally accepted sequelae of TBI. It was found that TBI and neurodegenerative diseases have many similarities and overlaps in pathological features. Besides, sirtuins play some unique roles in some neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we propose that sirtuins might be a promising therapeutic target for both TBI and associated neurodegenerative diseases. In this paper, we review the neuroprotective effects of sirtuins on TBI as well as related neurodegeneration and discuss the therapeutic potential of sirtuin modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianjie Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunxiang Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Bernaus A, Blanco S, Sevilla A. Glia Crosstalk in Neuroinflammatory Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:209. [PMID: 32848613 PMCID: PMC7403442 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation constitutes a fundamental cellular process to signal the loss of brain homeostasis. Glial cells play a central role in orchestrating these neuroinflammation processes in both deleterious and beneficial ways. These cellular responses depend on their intercellular interactions with neurons, astrocytes, the blood–brain barrier (BBB), and infiltrated T cells in the central nervous system (CNS). However, this intercellular crosstalk seems to be activated by specific stimuli for each different neurological scenario. This review summarizes key studies linking neuroinflammation with certain neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and for the development of better therapeutic strategies based on immunomodulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ada Bernaus
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Blanco
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana Sevilla
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Xin R, Chen Z, Fu J, Shen F, Zhu Q, Huang F. Xanomeline Protects Cortical Cells From Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:656. [PMID: 32595528 PMCID: PMC7303960 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanomeline, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, is one of the first compounds that was found to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenics and attenuating behavioral disturbances of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its role in ischemia-induced injury due to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) remains unclear. Primary rat neuronal cells were exposed to OGD and treated with xanomeline. The effects of xanomeline on apoptosis, cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined using an Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit, a non-radioactive cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colorimetric LDH cytotoxicity assay kit, and a dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay, respectively, and the expressions of Sirtuin 1, haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), and hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIF-1α) as well as the level of phosphorylated kinase B (p-Akt) were determined by Western blotting. Compared with the control, xanomeline pretreatment increased the viability of isolated cortical neurons and decreased the LDH release induced by OGD. Compared with OGD-treated cells, xanomeline inhibited apoptosis, reduced ROS production, attenuated the OGD-induced HIF-1α increase and partially reversed the reduction of HO-1, Sirtuin-1, Bcl-2, PARP, and p-Akt induced by OGD. In conclusion, xanomeline treatment protects cortical neuronal cells possibly through the inhibition of apoptosis after OGD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rujuan Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ninghai First Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuming Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Li WX, Li GH, Tong X, Yang PP, Huang JF, Xu L, Dai SX. Systematic metabolic analysis of potential target, therapeutic drug, diagnostic method and animal model applicability in three neurodegenerative diseases. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9882-9914. [PMID: 32461378 PMCID: PMC7288927 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Considerable evidence suggests that metabolic abnormalities are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to conduct a systematic metabolic analysis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Huntington’s disease (HD). Human and mouse model microarray datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The metabolic genes and pathways were collected from the Recon 3D human metabolic model. Drug and target information was obtained from the DrugBank database. This study identified ATP1A1, ATP6V1G2, GOT1, HPRT1, MAP2K1, PCMT1 and PLK2 as key metabolic genes that were downregulated in AD, PD and HD. We screened 57 drugs that target these genes, such as digoxin, ouabain and diazoxide. This study constructed multigene diagnostic models for AD, PD and HD by using metabolic gene expression profiles in blood, all models showed high accuracy (AUC > 0.8) both in the experimental and validation sets. Furthermore, analysis of animal models showed that there was almost no consistency among the metabolic changes between mouse models and human diseases. This study systematically revealed the metabolic damage among AD, PD, and HD and uncovered the differences between animal models and human diseases. This information may be helpful for understanding the metabolic mechanisms and drug development for neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xing Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Gong-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Peng-Peng Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-Fei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China.,Centre for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shao-Xing Dai
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Fan F, Li S, Wen Z, Ye Q, Chen X, Ye Q. Regulation of PGC-1α mediated by acetylation and phosphorylation in MPP+ induced cell model of Parkinson's disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9461-9474. [PMID: 32452827 PMCID: PMC7288924 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases with complex etiology in sporadic cases. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress and defects in mitochondrial dynamics are associated with the pathogenesis of PD. The oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics are regulated strictly by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). We investigated whether acetylation and phosphorylation of PGC-1α contribute to protecting neuronal cell against oxidative stress. Results: We found that acetylation and phosphorylation mediated the nuclear translocation of PGC-1α protects against oxidative damage. In contrast to the increased nuclear PGC-1α, the cytosolic PGC-1α was decreased upon inhibition of GCN5 acetyltransferase. Similarly to the inhibition of GCN5 acetyltransferase, the increased nuclear PGC-1α and the decreased cytosolic PGC-1α were observed upon p38MAPK and AMPK activation. Briefly, the significantly increased nuclear PGC-1α is regulated either by inhibiting the acetylation of PGC-1α or by the phosphorylating PGC-1α, which results in a reduction in ROS. Conclusion: PGC-1α protects neuronal cells against MPP+-induced toxicity partially through the acetylation of PGC-1α mediated by GCN5, and mostly through the phosphorylation PGC-1α mediated by p38MAPK or AMPK. Therapeutic reagents activating PGC-1α may be valuable for preventing mitochondrial dysfunction in PD by against oxidative damage. Methods: With established the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced cell model of PD, the effects of MPP+ and experimental reagents on the cell viability was investigated. The expression of PGC-1α, general control of nucleotide synthesis 5 (GCN5), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) were detected by Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by flow cytometry. All statistical analyses were carried out using one-way ANOVA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fan
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Health College, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Institute or Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Songlin Li
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhipeng Wen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Qiaoyue Ye
- Fuzhou No. 8 High School, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Institute or Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qinyong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Institute or Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Pardo PS, Boriek AM. SIRT1 Regulation in Ageing and Obesity. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 188:111249. [PMID: 32320732 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ageing and obesity have common hallmarks: altered glucose and lipid metabolism, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are some examples. The downstream effects of SIRT1 activity have been thoroughly explored, and their research is still in expanse. SIRT1 activation has been shown to regulate pathways with beneficiary effects on 1) ageing and obesity-associated metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and type-II diabetes with, 2) chronic inflammatory processes such as arthritis, atherosclerosis and emphysema, 3) DNA damage and oxidative stress with impact on neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular health and some cancers. This knowledge intensified the interest in uncovering the mechanisms regulating the expression and activity of SIRT1. This review focuses on the upstream regulatory mechanisms controlling SIRT1, and how this knowledge could potentially contribute to the development of therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia S Pardo
- Pulmonary and Critical Care medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, USA.
| | - Aladin M Boriek
- Pulmonary and Critical Care medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Wang Y, Wang Z. An Integrated Network Analysis of mRNA and Gene Expression Profiles in Parkinson's Disease. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920846. [PMID: 32210219 PMCID: PMC7115122 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative neurologic disease. This study aimed to undertake bioinformatics analysis using the publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to integrate mRNA expression data from patients with PD and to compare differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in tissue from the substantia nigra and whole blood from patients with PD and normal controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS Integrated network analysis included GEO datasets to identify DEGs in the substantia nigra and whole blood of patients with PD. Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify the roles of the DEGs and included the development of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. Expression levels of DEGs were validated using GSE100054. RESULTS In patients with PD, there were 1,076 upregulated DEGs and 1,075 down-regulated DEGs in the substantia nigra tissue, and 699 upregulated and 930 down-regulated DEGs in whole blood samples. The apoptotic process, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, the Wnt signaling pathway, and the Notch signaling pathway were significantly enriched in DEGs in the substantia nigra in PD. In both the substantia nigra and whole blood, the most common DEGs were significantly enriched in lysosomes, PD, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease. SORT1 and CRYAB were the hub proteins in the network of the substantia nigra; PSMA1 and SDHA were the hub proteins in the network of whole blood in PD. CONCLUSIONS DEGs, including SORT1, CRYAB, PSMA1, and SDHA may have roles in the pathogenesis of PD through the MAPK, Wnt, and Notch signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiyun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Jamali-Raeufy N, Mojarrab Z, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M, Fahanik-Babaei J, Goudarzi M. The effects simultaneous inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and P2X7 purinoceptors in an in vivo Parkinson's disease model. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:539-548. [PMID: 32016817 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Loss of dopaminergic neurons following Parkinson's disease (PD) diminishes quality of life in patients. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of simultaneous inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and P2X7 purinoceptors in a PD model and explore possible mechanisms. The 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was used as a tool to establish PD model in male Wister rats. The expressions of SIRT1, SIRT3, mTOR, PGC-1α, PTEN, P53 and DNA fragmentation were evaluated by ELISA assay. Behavioral impairments were determined using apomorphine-induced rotational and narrow beam tests. Dopamine synthesis and TH-positive neurons were detected by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry. Neuronal density was determined by Nissl staining. OHDA-lesioned rats exhibited behavioral impairments that reversed by BBG, lin and lin + BBG. We found significant reduced levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, PGC-1α and mTOR in both mid brain and striatum from OHDA-lesioned rats that reversed by BBG, lin and lin + BBG. Likewise, significant increased levels of PTEN and P53 were found in both mid brain and striatum from OHDA-lesioned rats that was reversed by BBG, lin and lin + BBG. TH-positive neurons and neuronal density were markedly reduced OHDA-lesioned rats that reversed by BBG, lin and lin + BBG. Collectively, our results showed protective effects of simultaneous inhibition of DPP-4 and P2X7 purinoceptors in a rat model of PD can be linked to targeting SIRT1/SIRT3, PTEN-mTOR pathways. Moreover, our findings demonstrated that simultaneous inhibition of DPP-4 and P2X7 purinoceptors might have stronger effect on mitochondrial biogenesis compared to only one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nida Jamali-Raeufy
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Mojarrab
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Fahanik-Babaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Goudarzi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Zeng Y, Shi Y, Zhan H, Liu W, Cai G, Zhong H, Wang Y, Chen S, Huang S, Wu W. Reduction of Silent Information Regulator 1 Activates Interleukin-33/ST2 Signaling and Contributes to Neuropathic Pain Induced by Spared Nerve Injury in Rats. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:17. [PMID: 32116550 PMCID: PMC7028692 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-33 and its receptor ST2 act as key factors in inflammatory diseases. Moreover, accumulating evidence has suggested that cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β, trigger an inflammatory cascade. SIRT1 has been shown to suppress the expression of inflammatory cytokines. However, the effects of SIRT1 on IL-33/ST2 signaling and initiation of the inflammatory cascade via modulation of TNF-α and IL-1β by IL-33 remain unclear. In the present study, we found that the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) IL-33 and ST2 were upregulated in a rat model of spared nerve injury (SNI) and intrathecal injection of either IL-33 or ST2 antibodies alleviated mechanical allodynia and downregulated TNF-α and IL-1β induced by SNI. In addition, activation of SIRT1 decreased enhanced DRG IL-33/ST2 signaling in SNI rats. Artificial inactivation of SIRT1 via intrathecal injection of an SIRT1 antagonist could induce mechanical allodynia and upregulate IL-33 and ST2. These results demonstrated that reduction in SIRT1 could induce upregulation of DRG IL-33 and ST2 and contribute to mechanical allodynia induced by SNI in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongrui Zhan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guiyuan Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haili Zhong
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shangjie Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Baoan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shimin Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Sanderson JM. Far from Inert: Membrane Lipids Possess Intrinsic Reactivity That Has Consequences for Cell Biology. Bioessays 2020; 42:e1900147. [PMID: 31995246 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this article, it is hypothesized that a fundamental chemical reactivity exists between some non-lipid constituents of cellular membranes and ester-based lipids, the significance of which is not generally recognized. Many peptides and smaller organic molecules have now been shown to undergo lipidation reactions in model membranes in circumstances where direct reaction with the lipid is the only viable route for acyl transfer. Crucially, drugs like propranolol are lipidated in vivo with product profiles that are comparable to those produced in vitro. Some compounds have also been found to promote lipid hydrolysis. Drugs with high lytic activity in vivo tend to have higher toxicity in vitro. Deacylases and lipases are proposed as key enzymes that protect cells against the effects of intrinsic lipidation. The toxic effects of intrinsic lipidation are hypothesized to include a route by which nucleation can occur during the formation of amyloid fibrils.
Collapse
|
91
|
Kang X, Li C, Xie X, Zhan KB, Yang SQ, Tang YY, Zou W, Zhang P, Tang XQ. Hydrogen Sulfide Inhibits Homocysteine-Induced Neuronal Senescence by Up-Regulation of SIRT1. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:310-319. [PMID: 32132865 PMCID: PMC7053352 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.38602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) accelerates neuronal senescence and induces age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Silence signal regulating factor 1 (SIRT1) prolongs lifespan and takes neuroprotective effects. We have previously demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) prevents Hcy-induced apoptosis of neuronal cells and has neuroprotective effect. In the present work, we aimed to investigate whether H2S protects HT22 cells against Hcy-induced neuronal senescence and whether SIRT1 mediates this role of H2S. We found that Hcy induced cellular senescence in HT22 cells, as determined by β-galactosidase staining, expressions of P16INK4a, P21CIPL, and trypan blue Staining, which are the markers of cellular senescence. However, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, the donor of H2S) significantly reversed Hcy-induced cellular senescence. Interestingly, NaHS not only up-regulated the expression of SIRT1 in HT22 cells but also reversed Hcy-downregulated the expression of SIRT1 in HT22 cells. Furthermore, we found that pretreatment with Sirtinol (an inhibitor of SIRT1) markedly reversed the protection of NaHS against Hcy-induced HT22 cells senescence and apoptosis. Our findings illustrated that H2S protects HT22 cells against Hcy-induced senescence by up-regulating SIRT1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Kang
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China.,Department of Emergency, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xi Xie
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China.,Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Bin Zhan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China.,Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - San-Qiao Yang
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Yun Tang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zou
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Tang
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 42100, Hunan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Tao H, Liu Y, Hou Y. miRNA‑384‑5p regulates the progression of Parkinson's disease by targeting SIRT1 in mice and SH‑SY5Y cell. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:441-450. [PMID: 31894288 PMCID: PMC6984790 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. miR-384-5p expression has been shown to be increased in an in vitro model of PD; however, it remains unknown whether there are other molecules that can be regulated by miR-384-5p in in vivo and in vitro models of PD; thus, the present study aimed to elucidate this matter. Rotenone was applied for the establishment of in vitro and in vivo models of PD in the present study. Motor disability and equilibrium were determined by a swimming test and traction test, respectively. mRNA and protein levels were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis, respectively. The association between miR-384-5p and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression was verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. The α-synuclein aggregation was evaluated by immunofluorescence. The results from the in vitro model of PD demonstrated that, the mice in the PD group exhibited decreased scores in the swimming test and traction test, which were accompanied by increased α-synuclein aggregation. In addition, the expression of miR-384-5p, which targeted the 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) of SIRT1, was verified to be increased in mice and SH-SY5Y cells in the PD group, whereas SIRT1 exhibited the opposite changes. Moreover, increased mRNA and protein levels of p53 and FOXO1 were observed in mice and SH-SY5Y cells in the PD group. In addition, the SH-SY5Y cells in the PD group exhibited a higher cell apoptotic rate. On the whole, the findings of this study demonstrate that miRNA-384-5p promotes the progression of PD by targeting SIRT1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Tao
- Department of Psychiatry, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000, P.R. China
| | - Yingjuan Hou
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, Shaanxi 718000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
van Gastel J, Leysen H, Santos-Otte P, Hendrickx JO, Azmi A, Martin B, Maudsley S. The RXFP3 receptor is functionally associated with cellular responses to oxidative stress and DNA damage. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11268-11313. [PMID: 31794429 PMCID: PMC6932917 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) processes, often caused by oxidative stress, are important in aging and -related disorders. We recently showed that G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinase interacting protein 2 (GIT2) plays a key role in both DNA damage and oxidative stress. Multiple tissue analyses in GIT2KO mice demonstrated that GIT2 expression affects the GPCR relaxin family peptide 3 receptor (RXFP3), and is thus a therapeutically-targetable system. RXFP3 and GIT2 play similar roles in metabolic aging processes. Gaining a detailed understanding of the RXFP3-GIT2 functional relationship could aid the development of novel anti-aging therapies. We determined the connection between RXFP3 and GIT2 by investigating the role of RXFP3 in oxidative stress and DDR. Analyzing the effects of oxidizing (H2O2) and DNA-damaging (camptothecin) stressors on the interacting partners of RXFP3 using Affinity Purification-Mass Spectrometry, we found multiple proteins linked to DDR and cell cycle control. RXFP3 expression increased in response to DNA damage, overexpression, and Relaxin 3-mediated stimulation of RXFP3 reduced phosphorylation of DNA damage marker H2AX, and repair protein BRCA1, moderating DNA damage. Our data suggests an RXFP3-GIT2 system that could regulate cellular degradation after DNA damage, and could be a novel mechanism for mitigating the rate of age-related damage accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaana van Gastel
- Receptor Biology Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Translational Neurobiology Group, Centre for Molecular Neuroscience, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hanne Leysen
- Receptor Biology Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Translational Neurobiology Group, Centre for Molecular Neuroscience, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paula Santos-Otte
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jhana O Hendrickx
- Receptor Biology Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Translational Neurobiology Group, Centre for Molecular Neuroscience, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Abdelkrim Azmi
- Translational Neurobiology Group, Centre for Molecular Neuroscience, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bronwen Martin
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Veterinary and Biomedical Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stuart Maudsley
- Receptor Biology Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Translational Neurobiology Group, Centre for Molecular Neuroscience, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Xie C, Bian Y, Feng H, Zhao Y, Wang L, Li Y, Zhang D, Tian Y, Li L, Chang S, Li H, Zhao X, Lv P. Reversal of ciprofloxacin-induced testosterone reduction by probiotic microbes in mouse testes. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 284:113268. [PMID: 31491376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CPFX is a highly effective antibiotic, but it has been reported to significantly impair both testicular function and structure in rats. In this study, we assessed reversal of CPFX-induced variation in mice testicular structure and testosterone synthesis by probiotic microbes in the infected model and normal model. We detected testicular weight, testicular structure and Leydig cell variables in numbers. We detected the levels of serum testosterone and steroidogenic enzymes, as well as DBC1, Sirt1, NF-κB, and related redox state and inflammatory response in the testes. The results showed that probiotic microbes had significantly elevated serum testosterone levels and steroidogenic enzymes, higher Sirt1, anti-oxidative enzymes and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression, and lower NF-κB, DBC1, oxidative damage, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. The results suggest that the testis-protective, antiinflammatory and antioxidation effects of probiotics largely resulted from its ability to decrease oxidative stress and preserve antioxidant activity by stabilizing antioxidant defense systems, reducing oxidative damage and inflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Xie
- Research Institute of Family Planning of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory for Family Planning and Birth Health of the National Health and Family Planning Committee, Shijiazhuang 050071, China
| | - Yanqing Bian
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Helin Feng
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Lixuan Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yaru Li
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Yangyang Tian
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - ShiYang Chang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xiujun Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Pin Lv
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Konovalova J, Gerasymchuk D, Parkkinen I, Chmielarz P, Domanskyi A. Interplay between MicroRNAs and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236055. [PMID: 31801298 PMCID: PMC6929013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, crucial for neuronal differentiation, survival, and activity. Age-related dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis increases neuronal vulnerability to cellular stress and may contribute to the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. All major neurodegenerative disorders are also associated with oxidative stress, which is widely recognized as a potential target for protective therapies. Albeit often considered separately, microRNA networks and oxidative stress are inextricably entwined in neurodegenerative processes. Oxidative stress affects expression levels of multiple microRNAs and, conversely, microRNAs regulate many genes involved in an oxidative stress response. Both oxidative stress and microRNA regulatory networks also influence other processes linked to neurodegeneration, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulation of proteostasis, and increased neuroinflammation, which ultimately lead to neuronal death. Modulating the levels of a relatively small number of microRNAs may therefore alleviate pathological oxidative damage and have neuroprotective activity. Here, we review the role of individual microRNAs in oxidative stress and related pathways in four neurodegenerative conditions: Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), Huntington’s (HD) disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We also discuss the problems associated with the use of oversimplified cellular models and highlight perspectives of studying microRNA regulation and oxidative stress in human stem cell-derived neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Konovalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.K.); (D.G.); (I.P.)
| | - Dmytro Gerasymchuk
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.K.); (D.G.); (I.P.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NASU, Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
| | - Ilmari Parkkinen
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.K.); (D.G.); (I.P.)
| | - Piotr Chmielarz
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrii Domanskyi
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.K.); (D.G.); (I.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-50-448-4545
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Wang M, Sun H, Yao Y, Tang X, Wu B. MicroRNA-217/138-5p downregulation inhibits inflammatory response, oxidative stress and the induction of neuronal apoptosis in MPP +-induced SH-SY5Y cells. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:6619-6631. [PMID: 31737212 PMCID: PMC6834497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Various microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in cell growth regulation and inflammatory reaction. However, the detailed roles of miR-217 and miR-138-5p in PD progression remain to be investigated. In the present study, we explored the effects and underlying mechanisms of miR-217 and miR-138-5p on the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and the induction of neuronal apoptosis in an in vitro PD cell line model induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). The results of the biological software analysis and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was a direct target of miR-217 and miR-138-5p. MiR-217 and miR-138-5p exhibited a negative regulatory effect on the expression of SIRT1 in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, the expression levels of miR-217 and miR-138-5p were increased, and SIRT1 expression was decreased in SH-SY5Y cells following MPP+ treatment. Loss-of-function experiments indicated that treatment of the cells with inhibitors against miR-217 and miR-138-5p promoted cell viability and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, while the induction of cell apoptosis, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) release were inhibited in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were reduced in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells. Treatment of the cells with the miR-217 and the miR-138-5p inhibitors significantly inhibited the ratio of phosphorylated (p)-p65/p65 expression levels in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells. In summary, the present study demonstrated that the miR-217/miR-138-5p/SIRT1 axis was involved in the progression of PD by regulating the inflammatory response and the induction of oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis. The data provide new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for PD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingda Wang
- Second Department of Neurology, Daqing No. 4 Hospital Daqing 163000, China
| | - Hongming Sun
- Second Department of Neurology, Daqing No. 4 Hospital Daqing 163000, China
| | - Yina Yao
- Second Department of Neurology, Daqing No. 4 Hospital Daqing 163000, China
| | - Xicun Tang
- Second Department of Neurology, Daqing No. 4 Hospital Daqing 163000, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Second Department of Neurology, Daqing No. 4 Hospital Daqing 163000, China
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Jaafaru MS, Nordin N, Rosli R, Shaari K, Bako HY, Noor NM, Abdull Razis AF. Prospective role of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in mediating GMG-ITC to reduce cytotoxicity in H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 119:109445. [PMID: 31541852 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant and neuroprotective activity of Glucomoringin isothiocyanate (GMG-ITC) have been reported in in vivo and in vitro models of neurodegenerative diseases. However, its neuroprotective role via mitochondrial-dependent pathway in a noxious environment remains unknown. The main objective of the present study was to unveil the mitochondrial apoptotic genes' profile and prospectively link with neuroprotective activity of GMG-ITC through its ROS scavenging. The results showed that pre-treatment of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells with 1.25 μg/mL purified isolated GMG-ITC, significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production level, compared to H2O2 control group, as evidenced by flow cytometry-based evaluation of ROS generation. Presence of GMG-ITC prior to development of oxidative stress condition, downregulated the expression of cyt-c, p53, Apaf-1, Bax, CASP3, CASP8 and CASP9 genes with concurrent upregulation of Bcl-2 gene in mitochondrial apoptotic signalling pathway. Protein Multiplex revealed significant decreased in cyt-c, p53, Apaf-1, Bax, CASP8 and CASP9 due to GMG-ITC pre-treatment in oxidative stress condition. The present findings speculated that pre-treatment with GMG-ITC may alleviate oxidative stress condition in neuronal cells by reducing ROS production level and protect the cells against apoptosis via neurodegenerative disease potential pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Sani Jaafaru
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, Kaduna State University, Main Campus, PMB 2339, Kaduna, Nigeria.
| | - Norshariza Nordin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Rozita Rosli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hauwa'u Yakubu Bako
- Department of Biochemistry, Kaduna State University, Main Campus, PMB 2339, Kaduna, Nigeria.
| | - Noramaliza Mohd Noor
- Department of Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
|
99
|
Sirtuin 1 Regulates Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Provides an Endogenous Neuroprotective Mechanism Against Seizure-Induced Neuronal Cell Death in the Hippocampus Following Status Epilepticus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143588. [PMID: 31340436 PMCID: PMC6678762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Status epilepticus may decrease mitochondrial biogenesis, resulting in neuronal cell death occurring in the hippocampus. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) functionally interacts with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), which play a crucial role in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. In Sprague-Dawley rats, kainic acid was microinjected unilaterally into the hippocampal CA3 subfield to induce bilateral seizure activity. SIRT1, PGC-1α, and other key proteins involving mitochondrial biogenesis and the amount of mitochondrial DNA were investigated. SIRT1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide was used to evaluate the relationship between SIRT1 and mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as the mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and neuronal cell survival. Increased SIRT1, PGC-1α, and mitochondrial biogenesis machinery were found in the hippocampus following experimental status epilepticus. Downregulation of SIRT1 decreased PGC-1α expression and mitochondrial biogenesis machinery, increased Complex I dysfunction, augmented the level of oxidized proteins, raised activated caspase-3 expression, and promoted neuronal cell damage in the hippocampus. The results suggest that the SIRT1 signaling pathway may play a pivotal role in mitochondrial biogenesis, and could be considered an endogenous neuroprotective mechanism counteracting seizure-induced neuronal cell damage following status epilepticus.
Collapse
|
100
|
Singh AP, Ramana G, Bajaj T, Singh V, Dwivedi S, Behari M, Dey AB, Dey S. Elevated Serum SIRT 2 May Differentiate Parkinson's Disease From Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:129. [PMID: 31244600 PMCID: PMC6581755 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical Parkinson syndromes (APSs) often have symptoms that overlap with those of Parkinson's disease (PD), especially early in the disease, making these disorders difficult to diagnose. Previous studies have demonstrated an association of oligomeric α-synuclein (α-Syn), a key element in the pathogenesis of PD, with Sirtuin (SIRT)2 proteins for modulating PD. We aimed to evaluate SIRT protein expression in serum of PD patients and compare it with APSs and normal elderly control (GC) and to correlate this with α-Syn. SIRT protein expression was evaluated in sera of 68 PD; 34 APS and 68 GC without any neuro-psychiatric illness as controls by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). SIRT2 expression was correlated with α-Syn in PD and GC. Significant (p < 0.0001) differences were observed between serum SIRT2 concentration in PD and APS and GC as well as between APS and GC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed the strong cut-off value to differentiate PD from APS and GC and also APS from GC. Significant correlation was observed among SIRT2 levels in early PD patients with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn & Yahr (H & Y) and increased duration of disease. In addition, a strong positive correlation of SIRT2 with α-Syn (p < 0.0001) was observed. However, no such difference was detected for serum SIRT1 in cases of PD and APS or for GC. The present study is the first to report elevated serum SIRT2 in PD. The study also provided a simple test to distinguish PD from APS and may have translational utility for diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - G Ramana
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Teena Bajaj
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishwajeet Singh
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sadanand Dwivedi
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhuri Behari
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A B Dey
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sharmistha Dey
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|