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Swargiary A, Verma AK, Singh S, Roy MK, Daimari M. Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants of Lower Assam, India: An In Vitro and In Silico Study. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:267-277. [PMID: 32682384 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200719000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of medicinal plants for general wellbeing and disease treatment is a common practice among tribal communities of Kokrajhar districts of Assam. However, little works have been done to study the pharmacological aspect of the plants. OBJECTIVES The present study intends to study the antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of selected medicinal plants used by the tribal communities of the Kokrajhar district of Assam since ancient times. METHODS Five traditionally important medicinal plants, namely, Cassia fistula, Citrus grandis, Lindernia crustacea, Sacciolepis myosuroides, and Zingiber zerumbet were investigated for antioxidant, antiproliferative (cytotoxic) and apoptosis-inducing potential in the malignant cancer cell line. Phytochemical content, such as phenolic and flavonoid content, were estimated following standard protocol. The methanolic extract of plants was investigated following the phosphomolybdate method (TAC), FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and TBARS assays. Antiproliferative activities of the plants were carried out by MTT assay in DL and PBMC cells. The apoptotic study was carried out following the acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining method and fluorescent microscopic imaging. Based on the significant (P≤0.05) high apoptotic inducing potential of the plant and to further dissect the molecular mode of action, including downstream biological action, major phytochemicals derived from L. crustacea were investigated for its prospective binding affinity with anti-apoptotic cancer target proteins. RESULTS Antioxidant studies by FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and TBARS assay revealed that all five plants contain considerable free radical scavenging activity. C. fistula showed the strongest free radical scavenging activity while the fruit peel extract of C. grandis showed poor activity. The overall antioxidant activities of plants such as TAC, FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and TBARS may be arranged in decreasing activity as C. fistula > Z. zerumbet > L. crustacea > S. myosuroides > C. grandis. MTT based cell proliferation study showed that all the plants extract significantly (P≤0.05) inhibited cell viability with negligible cytotoxicity (~5-12%) in normal cells. Moreover, L. crustacea showed promising antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing ability against Dalton's lymphoma. It is worth mentioning that the major bioactive compounds of the most potent plant extract, L. crustacea interacted with anti-apoptotic proteins (cancer target) with higher affinity and the results are compared with reference inhibitors. CONCLUSION It is worth noting that these plants have the potential to consider for further scientific studies in different cell lines and animal models. Furthermore, isolation and characterization of bioactive compound(s) may promise the discovery of new and valuable drugs candidate to tackle various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananta Swargiary
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, Assam, India
| | - Akalesh K Verma
- Department of Zoology, Cell & Biochemical Technology Laboratory, Cotton University, Guwahati -781001, Assam, India
| | - Sweta Singh
- District Malaria Office, Amingaon, Guwahati, Assam-786031, India
| | - Mritunjoy K Roy
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, Assam, India
| | - Manita Daimari
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, Assam, India
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Ibrahime Sinan K, Aktumsek A, de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea M, Leyva-Jiménez FJ, Fernández-Ochoa Á, Segura-Carretero A, Glamocilja J, Sokovic M, Nenadić M, Zengin G. A Prospective of Multiple Biopharmaceutical Activities of Procyanidins-Rich Uapaca togoensis Pax Extracts: HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS Coupled with Bioinformatics Analysis. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100299. [PMID: 34086421 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The article reports the chemical composition, antioxidant, six key enzymes inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of two solvent extracts (water and methanol) of leaves and stem bark of Uapaca togoensis. For chemical composition, methanol extract of stem bark exhibited significant higher total phenolic (129.86 mg GAE/g) and flavanol (10.44 mg CE/g) contents. Methanol extract of leaves and water extract of stem bark showed high flavonoids (20.94 mg RE/g) and phenolic acid (90.40 mg CAE/g) content, respectively. In addition, HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS analysis revealed that U. togoensis was rich in procyanidins. The methanol and water extracts of stem bark had overall superior antioxidant activity; however, only methanol extract of stem bark showed higher inhibition of cholinesterase (AChE: 2.57 mg GALAE/g; BChE: 4.69 mg GALAE/g), tyrosinase (69.53 mg KAE/g) and elastase (2.73 mmol CE/g). Potent metal chelating ability was showed by water extract of leaves (18.94 mg EDTAE/g), higher inhibition of amylase was detected for water extracts of leaves (0.94 mmol ACAE/g) and stem bark (0.92 mmol ACAE/g). The tested extracts have shown wide-spectrum antibacterial properties and these effects have shown to be more effective against Aspergillus ochraceus, Penicillium funiculosum, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results revealed that the antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and antimicrobial activities depended on the extraction solvents and the parts of plant. Bioinformatics analysis on the 17 major compounds showed modulation of pathway associated with cancer. In brief, U. togoensis might be valuable as potential source of natural agents for therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Aktumsek
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain.,Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Leyva-Jiménez
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100, Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Ochoa
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Metabolomics Platform, 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain.,Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100, Granada, Spain
| | - Jasmina Glamocilja
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Sokovic
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Nenadić
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
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Uysal S, Gevrenova R, Sinan KI, Bayarslan AU, Altunoglu YC, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Ak G, Baloglu MC, Etienne OK, Lobine D, Mahomoodally MF, Zengin G. New perspectives into the chemical characterization of Sida acuta Burm. f. extracts with respect to its anti-cancer, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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54
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Chiu HI, Che Mood CNA, Mohamad Zain NN, Ramachandran MR, Yahaya N, Nik Mohamed Kamal NNS, Tung WH, Yong YK, Lee CK, Lim V. Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles of Clinacanthus nutans as Antioxidant with Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2021; 2021:9920890. [PMID: 34093698 PMCID: PMC8140852 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9920890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) previously synthesised using leaf (AgNP-L) and stem (AgNP-S) extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) were tested to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities. The AgNPs showed good inhibition against bacteria, but not fungi. The inhibition results showed the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with 11.35 mm (AgNP-L) and 11.52 mm (AgNP-S), while the lowest inhibition was against Escherichia coli (E. coli) with 9.22 mm (AgNP-L) and 9.25 mm (AgNP-S) in the disc diffusion method. The same trend of results was noted in the well diffusion method. The IC50 of AgNP-L and AgNP-S in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays was 417.05 μg/mL and 434.60 μg/mL, as well as 304.31 μg/mL and 326.83 μg/mL, respectively. Ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay showed that AgNP-L [872.389 μmol/L Fe(II)] and AgNP-S [612.770 μmol/L Fe(II)] exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) greater antioxidant activities than leaf extract (CNL) [152.260 μmol/L Fe(II)] and stem extract (CNS) [110.445 μmol/L Fe(II)] of C. nutans. The AgNPs were also proven to possess cytotoxic effects on the breast (MCF-7), cervical (HeLa), and colon (HT-29) cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. AgNP-S and AgNP-L showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (117.43 μg/mL) and HT-29 (78.47 μg/mL), respectively. In conclusion, the biosynthesised AgNPs from aqueous extract leaves and stem of C. nutans have demonstrated promising potential towards antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hock Ing Chiu
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Che Nurul Azieyan Che Mood
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Zain
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Noorfatimah Yahaya
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nik Nur Syazni Nik Mohamed Kamal
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Wai Hau Tung
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Keong Yong
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Keong Lee
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Vuanghao Lim
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
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Hsiang YP, Wang YT, Huang KS, Huang TY, Tai MH, Lin YM, Yang CH, Shaw JF. Facile production of chlorophyllides using recombinant CrCLH1 and their cytotoxicity towards multidrug resistant breast cancer cell lines. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250565. [PMID: 33930043 PMCID: PMC8087012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purity of chlorophylls plays one of the key role for the production of chlorophyllides. We have designed a facile method for chlorophyll purification by twice solvent extraction. Twice extraction causes the loss of chlorophylls, but the purity of total chlorophylls can be enhanced 182%. Then, the purified chlorophylls can be converted to relatively pure chlorophyllides facilely. The results show that higher purity of chlorophyllides could be obtained when purified chlorophylls (ethanol-hexane extract) was used as starting materials than that of crude chlorophylls (ethanol-only extract). In biocompatibility test, the results showed that the prepared chlorophyllides can be applied as biomaterials. When the prepared chlorophyllides were applied to anticancer tests, they were active both in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 (multidrug resistant breast cancer cells) cell lines. In addition, the results suggested that the prepared chlorophyllides could be a potential candidate of combination therapy with doxorubicin to breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Hsiang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Pharmacy Department of E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Shiang Huang
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mi-Hsueh Tai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mei Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hui Yang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Pharmacy Department of E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jei-Fu Shaw
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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56
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Tagoe M, Boakye YD, Agana TA, Boamah VE, Agyare C. In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Ethanol Stem Bark Extract of Albizia ferruginea (Guill. & Perr.) Benth. J Parasitol Res 2021; 2021:6690869. [PMID: 34007479 PMCID: PMC8100413 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6690869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Albizia ferruginea (Guill. & Perr.) Benth bark is used in the traditional medicine as a vermifuge. This study sought to determine the anthelmintic activity of the stem bark extract of Albizia ferruginea. The powdered A. ferruginea stem bark was extracted with ethanol. Phytochemical screening was carried out on A. ferruginea ethanol extract (AFE) and then screened for its anthelmintic property against Pheretima posthuma and Haemonchus contortus using the adult motility assay. The effect of AFE and its fractions on the anthelminthic activity of mebendazole and albendazole were also determined using the adult worm (P. posthuma) motility assay. AFE showed a dose-dependent anthelmintic activity against P. posthuma and H. contortus. The least concentration of AFE (0.5 mg/mL) paralyzed and killed P. posthuma within 272.50 ± 12.42 min and 354.50 ± 5.06 min of exposure, respectively. AFE at the least test concentration (0.14 mg/mL) caused paralysis and induced death of H. contortus, after at 63.50 ± 2.98 and 254.96 ± 2.44 min of exposure, respectively. AFE extract at 0.25 and 0.125 mg/mL increased the paralytic and helminthicidal activities of albendazole. The paralytic and helminthicidal activities of mebendazole were reduced when combined with AFE (0.25 and 0.125 mg/mL). Among the three fractions obtained from AFE, the methanol fraction showed the highest anthelmintic activity. The methanol fraction at 0.5 mg/mL caused paralysis after 69.90 ± 0.15 min and death of worm after 92.53 ± 0.74 min of exposure. The petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions showed relatively low anthelmintic activity. Phytochemical screening of AFE revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, glycosides, alkaloids, and coumarins. The results from this study show that A. ferruginea possesses anthelmintic activity which gives credence to its folkloric use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Tagoe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Yaw Duah Boakye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Theresah Appiah Agana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Vivian Etsiapa Boamah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Christian Agyare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Alara OR, Abdurahman NH, Ukaegbu CI. Extraction of phenolic compounds: A review. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:200-214. [PMID: 33899007 PMCID: PMC8058613 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are parts of secondary metabolites mostly found in plant species with enormous structural diversities. They can exist as glycosides or aglycones; matrix or free-bound compounds; and comprising mostly polymerized or monomer structures. Additionally, these compounds are not universally dispensed within plants with varied stability. This has contributed to challenging extraction processes; implying that employing a single step or inappropriate extraction technique might change the recovery of phenolic components from the plant samples. Hence, it is important to select an appropriate extraction method so as to recover the targeted phenolic compounds. This is will helps to recover substantial yields from the sample matrix. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on the phenolic compounds and several methods of extraction that are used to obtaining them from plant materials. These extraction methods includes both conventional and unconventional techniques. Phenolic compounds from natural sources. Methods of extracting phenolic compounds. Selection of an appropriate extraction method to recover the targeted phenolic compounds from plant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun Ruth Alara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Nour Hamid Abdurahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Chinonso Ishamel Ukaegbu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kings University, P.M.B. 555, Odeomu, Osun State, Nigeria
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Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Alkhars S, Alkhars A, Alyousif M, Bukhamseen A, Abuthayn S, Aqeel M, Aljamea A. Green accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) with solvent and temperature effect and green UHPLC-DAD analysis of phenolics in pepper fruit (Capsicum annum L.). J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Patil P, Killedar S. Chitosan and glyceryl monooleate nanostructures containing gallic acid isolated from amla fruit: targeted delivery system. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06526. [PMID: 33851042 PMCID: PMC8024605 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid, active constituent of amla fruit its natural abundance with beneficial multi actions in body make them attractive for clinical applications. In present study, we focused on extracting, separating and characterizing gallic acid from amla and further formulated into chitosan nanoparticles, so bring it to increase its aqueous solubility and thereby bioactivity. Gallic acid nanoparticles were prepared by using poloxamer 407, chitosan and Glyceryl Monooleate (GMO) using probe sonicator and high pressure homogenization method. Prepared nanoparticles were characterized by particle size, zeta potential, DSC, XRD, SEM, entrapment efficiency, loading content, in-vitro release and stability study. They showed approximately 76.80% encapsulation of gallic acid with average size of 180.8 ± 0.21 nm, and zeta potential +24.2 mV. The cumulative in vitro drug release upto 24 hrs 77.16% was achieved suggesting that from all our findings, it can be concluded that work will facilitate extraction, design and fabrication of nanoparticles for protection and sustained release of gallic acid particularly to colonic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poournima Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur Maharashtra, India
| | - Suresh Killedar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Shree Sant Gajanan Maharaj College of Pharmacy, Gadhiglaj Mahagaon Maharashtra, India
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In vitro antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of Manilkara kauki. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2021; 71:153-162. [PMID: 32697742 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2021-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Manilkara kauki L. Dubard is a tropical plant in the genus Manilkara of family Sapotaceae. This study investigated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and antioxidant and antityrosinase activities in different parts of M. kauki (fruits, leaves, seeds, stem barks and woods) and in fractions of stem barks. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the methanol and aqueous crude extracts of different parts of M. kauki ranged from 10.87 to 176.56 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalents) per gram of crude extract and 14.33 to 821.67 mg QE (quercetin equivalents) per gram of crude extract, resp. Leaves and stem barks exhibited higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities than fruits, seeds and woods. Stem barks were sequentially extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water and then the fractionated extracts were subjected to antioxidant and antityrosinase activities testing. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of stem barks exhibited higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant and antityrosinase activities than the n-hexane and aqueous extracts. Moreover, ethyl acetate extract of M. kauki stem exhibited the highest antityrosinase activity. It may be a potential source of tyrosinase inhibitors for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.
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Saida L, Tulasi CDSLN, Narasu ML. Evaluation of chemo-preventive efficacy of Ficus religiosa latex extract by flow cytometry analysis and gene expression studies performed by RT-PCR in various cell lines. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
An extract of Ficus religiosa latex has been previously found to possess potent pharmacological activity with high antioxidant content phytochemical. The present research was conducted to investigate the chemo-preventive efficacy of latex extract on human breast adenocarcinoma MDA MB 231, human neroblastoma IMR 32, and human colorectal HCT 116 cell lines.
Results
The results showed that the latex crude extract induced cytotoxicity in all the selected cell lines with IC50 value 4.8 ± 1.13 μg/ml against the IMR 32 cell line. The cell cycle analysis results indicated the arrest and accumulation of cells at G1 phase in case of MDA MB 231 cells and HCT 116 cells whereas in the case of IMR 32 cells the arrest was in G2/M phase. The clear bands of fragments observed in DNA ladder experiments showed that apoptosis is induced by extracts in the cell lines. This could be correlated with the gene level expression studies on selected pro-apoptotic (p53 and caspase-3) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2, AKT) genes, which got upregulated and downregulated, respectively.
Conclusion
Based on the experimental evidence, Ficus religiosa contains phytochemicals with potent antitumor activities.
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Zimare S, Kolap R, Datkhile K. Bioprospecting of Lobelia nicotianifolia Roth. plant parts for antioxidant and cytotoxic activity and its phytoconstituents. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_398_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Maity S, Adhikari M, Banerjee S, Guchhait R, Chatterjee A, Pramanick K. Critical analysis of biophysicochemical parameters for qualitative improvement of phytogenic nanoparticles. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 37:e3114. [PMID: 33345468 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Conventional chemical approaches for synthesizing nanoparticles (NPs) may restrict their applicability as they are not eco-friendly, energetically efficient and often involve toxic reducing/capping agents; but phytonanotechnology enabled the synthesis of safe, inexpensive, highly biocompatible NPs. In this regard, thorough understanding of green components and the modulatory effects of different reaction conditions on the physicochemical parameters of green synthesized NPs would be a prerequisite, which is not depicted elsewhere. This review critically analyzes the relevant reaction conditions from their mechanistic viewpoints in plant-based synthesis of NPs arising fundamental issues which need to be determined carefully. The size, stability and surface chemistry of phytogenic NPs may be fabricated as a function of multiple interconnected reaction parameters and the plant species used. The therapeutic potential of phytogenic NPs may depend on the plant species used; and so the meticulous understanding of physicochemical parameters and the family wise shorting of elite plant species may potentially benefit the theranostic future of plant-based NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhendu Maity
- Integrative Biology Research Unit, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Madhuchhanda Adhikari
- Integrative Biology Research Unit, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sambuddha Banerjee
- Integrative Biology Research Unit, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Rajkumar Guchhait
- Integrative Biology Research Unit, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Ankit Chatterjee
- Integrative Biology Research Unit, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Kousik Pramanick
- Integrative Biology Research Unit, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
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A Comparative Study on Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity and Anti-Inflammatory Capacity of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Sorghum in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121297. [PMID: 33353009 PMCID: PMC7767246 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorghum is an important cereal with diverse phenolic compounds that have potential health promoting benefits. The current study comparatively characterized the phenolic contents of two novel black-seeded sorghum lines (SC84 and PI570481) using different extraction systems (water, ethanol and their acidified counterparts) and evaluated their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Phenolic compositions were determined by spectrophotometric assays and HPLC analysis. Antioxidant activities were assessed by radical scavenging effects on nitric oxide (NO) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals, and the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Anti-inflammatory capacity was estimated by measuring levels of pro-inflammatory markers produced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Results showed that effects of solvent types and HCl on extraction efficiency differed among phenolic compounds and sorghum samples. Tannins were the most dominant polyphenols in the studied extracts (11.11-136.11 mg epicatechin equivalent/g sorghum). Sorghum extracts exerted more potent scavenging activity on DPPH than NO radicals. In LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells, sorghum extracts dose-dependently inhibited the production of NO, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), with ethanolic extracts showing greater anti-inflammatory activity. Positive correlations were noted between tannin content and DPPH radical scavenging activity, and anti-inflammatory capacity. These results suggest the potential role of tannin-rich sorghum extracts against inflammation and associated diseases.
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Reducing Sugar, Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Potential of Nepalese Plants. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7296859. [PMID: 33274222 PMCID: PMC7683130 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7296859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the reducing sugar, total phenolic content, and in vitro antioxidant activity of 70% (v/v) ethanolic extract of seven medicinal plants grown in Nepal. The reducing sugar content and total phenolic content were determined by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) and the Folin–Ciocalteu method, respectively. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The reducing sugar content of the studied plant samples ranged from 6.89 ± 2.44 to 674.13 ± 2.43 mg GE/g dry extract weight and the total phenolic content ranged from 14.87 ± 0.41 to 281.71 ± 1.47 mg GAE/g dry extract weight. The reducing sugar and total phenolic content were found highest in Ficus glaberrima. Antioxidant activity was found highest in Melastoma malabathricum (IC50value = 6.27 μg/mL), followed by F. glaberrima (IC50value = 11.7 μg/mL). A positive and significant correlation was found between (i) total phenolic content and reducing sugar content and (ii) total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The present study is the first study for the analysis of reducing sugar content of selected plants and for the scientific exploration of F. glaberrima. The present result suggests that the various parts of these studied plants could be assumed as a rich source of biologically active compounds and considered beneficial for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Olea europaea subsp. africana against pathogenic microorganisms. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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67
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Hadjadj S, Esnault MA, Berardocco S, Guyot S, Bouchereau A, Ghouini F, Lamini R, Ould El Hadj-Khelil A. Polyphenol composition and antioxidant activity of Searsia tripartita and Limoniastrum guyonianum growing in Southeastern Algeria. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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68
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Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Aljamea A, Abuthayn S, Aqeel M. Evaluation of solvent and temperature effect on green accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and UHPLC quantification of phenolics in fresh olive fruit (Olea europaea). Food Chem 2020; 342:128248. [PMID: 33041170 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A green ASE (accelerated solvent extraction) with a shorter UHPLC (ultra-high performance liquid chromatography) method was developed for simultaneous determination of phenolics. High extract yield (130 mg/g) was observed for water at 100 °C in a short time of 19.5 min using 33.5 mL solvent whereas, UHPLC showed more phenolics of GA (gallic acid), QT (quercetin), LT (luteolin) in ACE (acetone) and RT (rutin) in EtOH (ethanol) solvent at 60 °C. The binary solvent system of ACE: EtOH (1:1) at 60 °C was optimized as extraction set. UHPLC runtime was 3 min with retention times of (min); 0.63 (GA), 0.97 (RT), 2.00 (QT) and 2.41 (LT). Average for phenolics (ppm) was, QT (10.91) > GA (7.33) > LT (4.10) > RT (3.90) whereas, Spanish whole green olive (SP2) showed more phenolics (20.72). Individual phenolic was, GA (47.06) > RT (26.21) > QT (19.34) > LT (6.18). Multivariate, K-mean and PCA (principal component analysis) for solvent*extract yield showed significant correlation and temperature showed no significant correlation for phenolics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O Box # 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O Box # 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; Departmet of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O Box # 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Aljamea
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O Box # 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Abuthayn
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O Box # 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Aqeel
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O Box # 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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A Comparative Bio-Evaluation and Chemical Profiles of Calendula officinalis L. Extracts Prepared via Different Extraction Techniques. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10175920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Calendula officinalis L., (marigold), well known for its medicinal properties, has been extensively studied for its therapeutic properties. Nonetheless, as far as the literature could establish, no study has attempted to comparatively assess the biological (antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential) of the flowers, leaves, and roots of C. officinalis extracted using conventional (maceration and Soxhlet extraction (SE)) and non-conventional extraction (homogenizer (HAE) and ultrasound (UAE) assisted extraction) techniques. The detailed phytochemical profile of each extract along with the concentration of specific bioactive compounds has also been established. Total phenolic content was highest for the flower extracts while flavonoid content was highest in the leaf extracts. Phytochemical profiling showed that the extraction method influenced the phytochemical composition of the extract. Nicotiflorin was identified in the flower extracts only while amentoflavone occurred only in the roots, inferring that the occurrence of bioactive compounds varies within a plant. The flower extracts showed highest antioxidant potential while the roots extracts were potent inhibitors of cholinesterase and tyrosinase. This study provides valuable data on the influence of extraction techniques on the recovery of bioactive compounds from plants. In an endeavor to scale-up extraction from plant considering the more efficient extraction method is of paramount importance. Moreover, the study highlighted the necessity to thoroughly examine the biological activities of various parts of a plant obtained via different extraction protocols.
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Benslama A, Boumerfeg S, Aouachria S, Guemmaz T, Arrar L, Khennouf S, Baghiani A. Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition, In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Antibacterial Effect of the Aerial Part Extracts of Thymus pallidus Coss. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401315666181206130753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The Algerian medicinal plant Thymus pallidus Coss. is traditionally known
to be used as an anti-infective, expectorant, healer of wounds and against inflammatory and gastrointestinal
diseases.
Objective:
The aim of the present study is to investigate the antioxidants and the antibacterial activities
of the aerial part extracts of this plant.
Methods:
Polyphenols extraction was performed with methanol 85%, followed by preliminary fractionation
based on the polarity of the solvent. The extraction and fractionation process gave the crude
extract (CrE), chloroform extract (ChE), ethyl acetate extract (EtAE) and aqueous extract (AqE). The
antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated using in vitro assays. While the antimicrobial activity
was determined using disk diffusion method.
Results:
Quantitative analysis of polyphenol and flavonoids showed that EtAE includes the highest
amount (P≤0.001) with 495.12±1.91 μg GAE/mg of extract and 97.25±2.84 μg QE/mg of extract, for
both polyphenols and flavonoids respectively. The results of the antioxidant activity of extracts
showed that the EtAE exhibited the highest inhibition activity on XO (IC50 =51.6±0.2 μg/ml) compared
to other extracts (P≤0.001). Moreover, the EtAE was the most effective fraction in free radical
scavenging assay against ABTS radical and hydrogen peroxide (EC50= 3.21±0.03 μg/ml and EC50
=12.12±0.05 μg/ml, respectively) compared to other extracts (P≤0.01). Using β-carotene/ linoleic acid
bleaching assay, the AqE and ChE recorded a considerable inhibition effect on linoleic acid oxidation
with a ratio of 81.81% and 80.86%, respectively. In the antimicrobial activity evaluation, the extracts
exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against bacterial strain, with inhibition zone ranging
from 07 to 14 mm. In addition, the EtAE showed a good action spectrum against six bacterial strains.
In conclusion, the EtAE of Thymus pallidus showed good antioxidant activity and antibacterial effect.
Conclusion:
The obtained results revealed the presence of a strong correlation between the antioxidant
and antibacterial activities of the extract and its total phenolic content. Furthermore, they reported
that the EtAE has a considerable antioxidant capacity. This can be considered as an alternative natural
source of antioxidants used generally as additives in food and pharmaceutical preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Benslama
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas, Setif 1, Algeria
| | - Sabah Boumerfeg
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bordj Bou-Arreridj, Bou-Arreridj, Algeria
| | - Sana Aouachria
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas, Setif 1, Algeria
| | - Thoraya Guemmaz
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas, Setif 1, Algeria
| | - Lekhmici Arrar
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas, Setif 1, Algeria
| | - Seddik Khennouf
- Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas-Setif 1, Setif 19000, Algeria
| | - Abderrahmene Baghiani
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas, Setif 1, Algeria
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Mat Yusuf SNA, Che Mood CNA, Ahmad NH, Sandai D, Lee CK, Lim V. Optimization of biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles from flavonoid-rich Clinacanthus nutans leaf and stem aqueous extracts. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200065. [PMID: 32874618 PMCID: PMC7428249 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in food industries, biomedical, dentistry, catalysis, diagnostic biological probes and sensors. The use of plant extract for AgNPs synthesis eliminates the process of maintaining cell culture and the process could be scaled up under a non-aseptic environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the classes of phytochemicals, to biosynthesize and characterize the AgNPs using Clinacanthus nutans leaf and stem extracts. In this study, AgNPs were synthesized from the aqueous extracts of C. nutans leaves and stems through a non-toxic, cost-effective and eco-friendly method. Results: The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, and the size of AgNP-L (leaf) and AgNP-S (stem) were 114.7 and 129.9 nm, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed spherical nanoparticles with AgNP-L and AgNP-S ranging from 10 to 300 nm and 10 to 180 nm, with average of 101.18 and 75.38 nm, respectively. The zeta potentials of AgNP-L and AgNP-S were recorded at -42.8 and -43.9 mV. X-ray diffraction analysis matched the face-centred cubic structure of silver and was capped with bioactive compounds. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer analysis revealed the presence of few functional groups of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. These functional groups act as reducing agents in AgNPs synthesis. Conclusion: These results showed that the biogenically synthesized nanoparticles reduced silver ions to silver nanoparticles in aqueous condition and the AgNPs formed were stable and less toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Aishah Mat Yusuf
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, UniCITI Alam Campus, 02100 Padang Besar, Perlis, Malaysia
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Che Nurul Azieyan Che Mood
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hazwani Ahmad
- Oncology and Radiological Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Doblin Sandai
- Infectomics Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chee Keong Lee
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Vuanghao Lim
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
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73
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In vitro anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant activities and intestinal glucose uptake evaluation of Endiandra kingiana extracts. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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74
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Chaudhary A, Sharma S, Mittal A, Gupta S, Dua A. Phytochemical and antioxidant profiling of Ocimum sanctum. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:3852-3863. [PMID: 32903995 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The leaves of Ocimum sanctum were extracted in methanol (OsM) and sequentially fractionated with n-hexane (OsH), ethylacetate (OsE) and butanol (OsB) to find the best extraction solvent for antioxidants from the herb known for its medicinal values. OsB was rich in both total polyphenolic content (TPC) (212.26 ± 6.3 mg GAE/g extract) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) (54.51 ± 3.5 mg QE/g extract). OsE also had significantly high TPC (202.71 ± 5.5 mg GAE/g extract). The EC50 based on DPPH (3.91 ± 0.3 μg/ml), ABTS (1.6 ± 0.1 μg/ml) and phosphomolybdate (2.31 ± 0.1 μg/ml) for OsB; hydroxyl (5.3 ± 0.4 μg/ml), superoxide (7.32 ± 0.9 μg/ml) radicals for OsM and DPPH (8.61 ± 0.6 μg/ml), phosphomolybdate (2.43 ± 0.1 μg/ml) and ABTS (5.3 ± 0.4 μg/ml) for OsE were lower than ascorbic acid showing potential antioxidant properties. EC50 values of different fractions for DPPH anion, ABTS cation free radical scavenging and phosphomolybdate reducing property were significantly and positively correlated with TPC and TFC. LC-MS analysis of OsB and OsE showed the presence of luteolin, apigenin, rosmarinic, chlorogenic, caffeic acid and their derivatives. Quercetin is extracted in ethylacetate fraction. Overall data revealed that O. sanctum leaf extracts in butanol and ethylacetate with high polyphenolics and flavonoids, had strong antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Chaudhary
- Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119 India
| | - Sanjay Sharma
- Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119 India
| | - Ashwani Mittal
- Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119 India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119 India
| | - Anita Dua
- Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119 India
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Anti-melanogenic activity of Myristica fragrans extract against Aspergillus fumigatus using phenotypic based screening. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:67. [PMID: 32122336 PMCID: PMC7076743 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aspergillus fumigatus, an opportunistic fungal pathogen is associated with a wide array of diseases. It produces 1, 8-dihydroxy naphthalene (DHN) melanin that imparts greenish grey color to conidia and is an important virulence factor. It masks various molecular patterns associated with A. fumigatus and protects the fungus from host immune system. Myristica fragrans, enriched with secondary metabolites has been traditionally used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. The present study was aimed to explore the anti-melanogenic effect of M. fragrans extracts on A. fumigatus. Methods M. fragrans extracts (hexane, chloroform, methanol and ethanol) were prepared through polarity guided extraction. Phytochemical analysis was performed to detect the chemical constituents of the extracts. The minimum effective concentration (MEC) of the extracts against A. fumigatus melanin was determined by broth micro-dilution assay. Various virulence factors were assayed by spectrophotometric methods. Electron microscopic studies were performed to evaluate the effect of the hexane extract of M. fragrans on A. fumigatus cell surface morphology. The major active compounds of the extract were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Docking was performed to study the interaction between the major identified compounds and the ketosynthase domain of polyketide synthase protein. Results The results indicated that the hexane extract of M. fragrans inhibited melanin production (76.09%), reduced ergosterol content (83.63%) and hydrophobicity of the cell (72.2%) at the MEC of 0.078 mg/mL. Altered conidial surface, disappearance of protrusions and absence of melanin layer on outer cell surface was observed in electron microscopy. Forty-two compounds were identified by GC-MS. The main constituents were identified as sabinene (12.2%), linoleic acid (11.7%), hexadecanoic acid (10.5%), safrole (8.1%) and elemicin (7.8%). Docking studies revealed that hexadecanoic acid, its derivative compound cis-9-hexadecenal and isoeugenol have lower binding energy forming proper hydrogen bond with ketosynthase domain of polyketide synthase protein. Conclusion The study concludes that the extract of M. fragrans has potential antifungal properties that can be explored in combination with available antifungals. This combination approach may be helpful for large number of patients suffering with A. fumigatus infections.
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Burdejova L, Tobolkova B, Polovka M. Effects of Different Factors on Concentration of Functional Components of Aronia and Saskatoon Berries. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 75:83-88. [PMID: 31848855 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-019-00780-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effects of different factors on the content of phenolics, anthocyanins, antioxidants and colour parameters in two varieties of Aronia and three varieties of Saskatoon berries were evaluated. The berries were extracted by dynamic solvent extraction using three different solvents (water, 50% ethanol (v/v) and dimethyl sulfoxide) and subsequently analysed by ultraviolet visible near infrared spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance followed by chemometric analysis. The results obtained show that, dimethyl sulfoxide was the most appropriate for berries functional components isolation, and among the studied berries, Aronia exhibited the highest contents of phenolics. Besides that, varieties of Aronia melanocarpa Viking and of Amelanchier lamarckii Ballerina were selected as the cultivars with high contents of functional components. Satisfactory differentiation of berries was achieved according to extraction solvent, fruit type, variety and production years. The results obtained reveal that, phytochemical composition of Aronia and Saskatoon berries may vary depending on genotypic factors, climate, growing conditions as well as on extraction method used for their assessment. Sample processing, genotypic and seasonal factors had significant effect on the concentration of naturally occurring compounds in berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Burdejova
- Department of Fluid Phase Separations, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveri 967/97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Blanka Tobolkova
- Department of Chemistry and Food Analysis, Food Research Institute, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Priemyselna 4, P. O. Box 25, 824 75, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Polovka
- Department of Chemistry and Food Analysis, Food Research Institute, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Priemyselna 4, P. O. Box 25, 824 75, Bratislava, Slovakia
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77
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Various solvent effects on phytochemical constituent profiles, analysis of antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of Hopea parviflora. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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78
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Nawaz H, Shad MA, Rehman N, Andaleeb H, Ullah N. Effect of solvent polarity on extraction yield and antioxidant properties of phytochemicals from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000417129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haq Nawaz
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Pakistan
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Assanga SBI, Luján LML, Ruiz JCG, McCarty MF, Cota-Arce JM, Espinoza CLL, Salido AAG, Ángulo DF. Comparative analysis of phenolic content and antioxidant power between parasitic Phoradendron californicum (toji) and their hosts from Sonoran Desert. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2020.100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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80
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Phytochemical screening, antifungal and antioxidant activities of three medicinal plants from Algerian steppe and Sahara (preliminary screening studies). SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1797-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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81
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Deyab M, Mofeed J, El-Bilawy E, Ward F. Antiviral activity of five filamentous cyanobacteria against coxsackievirus B3 and rotavirus. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:213-223. [PMID: 31598756 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01734-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and rotavirus (RV) are pathogens of some chronic human diseases. The aim of this study was to determine in vitro antiviral activity of some cyanobacteria against RV and CVB3 infections. Five cyanobacteria were collected from Egypt, identified, and analyzed biochemically. Then, the inhibition of the cytopathic effect of RV and CVB3 viruses by cyanobacterial extracts was examined. Methanol extract of the cyanobacterial isolates showed high antiviral activity against CVB3 with Therapeutic index (TI) of 50.0, 30.0, 27.6, 16.6, and 20.0 for Leptolyngbya boryana, Arthrospira platensis, Nostoc punctiforme, Oscillatoria sp., and Leptolyngbya sp., respectively. The extracts reduced CVB3 titers comparing to 50% tissue culture infectious doses (TCID50) with values 3.25-5.75 log10 of TCID50. Moreover, extracts of A. platensis, and Oscillatoria sp. exhibited high antiviral activity against RV with TI values of 45 and 42.5, respectively, and a reduction in virus titers by 5.75 log10 and 5.5 log10 of TCID50, respectively. Extracts of L. boryana, Leptolyngbya sp., and N. punctiforme had a moderate to low antiviral activity against RV with TI ranging between 2.8 and 7, respectively, and a reduction in virus titers between 0.5 log10 and 1.5 log10 of TCID50, respectively. This study concluded that extracts of five cyanobacterial isolates possess a potent antiviral effect against CVB3 and RV, making them promising sources of new safe antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Deyab
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt
| | - Jelan Mofeed
- Department of Aquatic Environment, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, El-Salam, 43533, Suez, Egypt
| | - Emad El-Bilawy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt
| | - Fatma Ward
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt.
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Abifarin TO, Afolayan AJ, Otunola GA. Phytochemical and Antioxidant Activities of Cucumis africanus L.f.:: A Wild Vegetable of South Africa. J Evid Based Integr Med 2019; 24:2515690X19836391. [PMID: 30917681 PMCID: PMC6440028 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x19836391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To evaluate the phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of the acetone, aqueous, and methanol extracts of the fruit, leaf, and root of Cucumis africanus L.f. Methods. Total phenolic, flavonoid, and proanthocyanidin contents were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. The free radical scavenging activity of the acetone, methanol, and aqueous extracts of the fruit, leaf, and root were evaluated against DPPH+, ABTS+, and phosphomolybdenum. Alkaloid and saponin contents were also determined. Results. The acetone extract of the fruit revealed the highest polyphenol content when compared with the other solvent extracts analyzed. Total phenol content of the parts tested ranged from 3.66 ± 0.17 to 44.98 ± 3.41, flavonoid content ranged from 4.63 ± 3.33 to 401.33 ± 7.89, and proanthocyanidin content ranged from 8.84 ± 2.65 to 504 ± 36.6. Significant amount of alkaloids present was observed in the fruits, leaf, and root (10.68 ± 0.68, 14.12 ± 1.67, and 12.15 ± 4.74), respectively, while saponin content was 33.33 ± 11.55, 26.67 ± 11.55, and 20.00 ± 0.00 for the fruit, leaf, and root, respectively. Solvent extracts showed significant antioxidant activity, with acetone showing highest antioxidant ability in correlation with the polyphenol contents. Based on the IC50 values, acetone extract of the root revealed the best DPPH radical scavenging ability, the leaf aqueous extract had the highest IC50 value for ABTS, and the methanol extract of the leaf was best for phosphomolybdenum assays. Conclusion. This study suggests that fruit, leaf, and root of Cucumis africanus could be a potential source of natural antioxidant and justifies its use in ethnomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo Oluwafunmilola Abifarin
- 1 Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Anthony Jide Afolayan
- 1 Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Gloria Aderonke Otunola
- 1 Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
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83
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Comparison of antioxidants content and activity of Nephelium mutabile rind extracted using ethanol and water. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00114-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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84
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Hashim NA, Mudalip SKA, Harun N, Man RC, Sulaiman SZ, Arshad ZIM, Shaarani SM, Azmir J. Mahkota Dewa Subcritical Water Extraction Process: Experimental and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201800638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nurmaryam Aini Hashim
- Universiti Malaysia PahangFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Lebuh Raya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
| | - Siti Kholijah Abdul Mudalip
- Universiti Malaysia PahangFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Lebuh Raya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
- Universiti Malaysia PahangCentre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARiFF) Lebuh Raya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
| | - Noorlisa Harun
- Universiti Malaysia PahangFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Lebuh Raya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
| | - Rohaida Che Man
- Universiti Malaysia PahangFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Lebuh Raya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
| | - Siti Zubaidah Sulaiman
- Universiti Malaysia PahangFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Lebuh Raya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
| | - Zatul Iffah Mohd Arshad
- Universiti Malaysia PahangFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Lebuh Raya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
| | - Shalyda M. Shaarani
- Universiti Malaysia PahangFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Lebuh Raya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
| | - Jannatul Azmir
- Monash UniversityARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Computational, Particle TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Engineering Welington Road 3800 Clayton, VIC Australia
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85
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Antioxidant properties and selected phenolic acids of five different tray-dried and freeze-dried mushrooms using methanol and hot water extraction. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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86
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Ononamadu CJ, Alhassan AJ, Imam AA, Ibrahim A, Ihegboro GO, Owolarafe AT, Sule MS. In vitro and in vivo anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant activities of methanolic leaf extracts of Ocimum canum. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2019; 10:162-175. [PMID: 31363395 PMCID: PMC6619470 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.10.2.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder with a highly complex, multifaceted and intricate etiologies and thus may require management options that proffers multimodal mechanism of action. This present study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of the methanolic extract/fractions of leaves of Ocimum canum. Methods: The antidiabetic potential was evaluated and using STZ-induced diabetic Wistar rat model (in vivo) and inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity (in vitro). Antioxidant activity was assessed in vitro by free radical scavenging and reducing power assays and in vivo via monitoring SOD and CAT activities; GSH and MDA levels. Results: The total phenolic content (221.0±3.0 mg catechol/g of sample) and tannins (146.0±4.0 mg tannic acid/g of sample) of the crude extract; and flavonoid of the aqueous-methanol fraction (216.0.0±1.0 mg of rutin/g of sample) were found to be significantly higher relative to others. The crude extract and the aqueous-methanol fraction exhibited a significantly (p<0.05) higher percentage reduction in fasting blood glucose and a concomitant increase in serum insulin level relative to the diabetic control group. The highest radical scavenging activity and reducing power were observed in the aqueous-methanol fraction. The aqueous-methanol solvent fraction also significantly reversed the alterations in oxidative stress markers occasioned by the diabetic condition. Conclusion: In conclusion, the result of the present study has demonstrated evidently that extracts of Ocimum canum leaves ameliorates hyperglycemia and the associated oxidative stress in STZ-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chimaobi J Ononamadu
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, Nigeria Police Academy, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria.,Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Adamu J Alhassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Abdullahi A Imam
- Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Aminu Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Godwin O Ihegboro
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, Nigeria Police Academy, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria.,Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Alowonle T Owolarafe
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, Nigeria Police Academy, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria.,Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed S Sule
- Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano State, Nigeria
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87
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Patial PK, Sharma A, Kaur I, Cannoo DS. Correlation study among the extraction techniques, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activity of Nepeta spicata aerial part. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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88
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Development of Caco-2 cells-based gene reporter assays and evaluation of herb-drug interactions involving CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 gene expression. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 303:79-89. [PMID: 30772286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The indiscriminate use of medicinal plants and herbal medicinal products concomitantly with conventional drugs may result in herb-drug interactions that may lead to fluctuations in drug bioavailability, therapeutic failure, and/or toxic effects. CYP450 enzymes play an important role in drug biotransformation and herb-drug interactions. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop and apply Caco-2 cells-based gene reporter assays to study in vitro the potential occurrence of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 gene expression modulation by standardized extracts of selected medicinal plants. Reporter cell lines developed showed a significant increase in CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 reporter fluorescent emission, 4 and 16-fold respectively, when compared to the controls. The standardized extracts of Cecropia glaziovii, Bauhinia forficata and Echinacea sp. significantly increased CYP3A4 reporter fluorescence, and those of Ilex paraguariensis, Bauhinia forficata and Echinacea sp. significantly decreased CYP2D6 reporter fluorescence in Caco-2 cells-based gene reporter assays. The data obtained suggest that CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 gene expression seem to be modulated by the extracts tested. In addition, the reporter cell lines developed are functional assays that could be used to study drug-drug and herb-drug interactions during the research and development of new drugs.
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89
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Solid-liquid extraction of bioactive compounds with antioxidant potential from Alternanthera sesillis (red) and identification of the polyphenols using UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS. Food Res Int 2019; 115:241-250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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90
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Johnson M, Maharaja P, Murugesan S, Janakiraman N, Menezes IRA, da Costa JGM, Barbosa CRS, Coutinho HDM. Larvicidal activity of some medicinal plant extracts against filariasis fever mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus (Say.) (Diptera: Culicidae). Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 61:1-4. [PMID: 30502827 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study was aimed to find the larvicidal activity of petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone and methanolic extracts of Dichanthium foveolatum (Del.) Roberty, Leptochloa uniflora Hochst, Pancratium triflorum Roxb and Molineria trichocarpa (Wight) N.P.Balakr against Culex quinquefasciatus. METHODS The larvicidal potential of selected plant extracts were determined against 4th instar larvae of C. quinquefasciatus with various concentrations viz., 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg/ml. The mortality counts were made after 24 h of incubation and LC50 values were calculated. RESULTS Chloroform extracts of studied plants were showed highest larvicidal activity with remarkable irritant against the larva of C. quinquefasciatus. Highest larvicidal activity was observed in the chloroform extract of D. foveolatum against the larva of C. quinquefasciatus with LC50 = 277.03 mg/ml. The larvicidal activity of the studied plants as follows chloroform extract of D. foveolatum (LC50 = 277.03 mg/ml) >L. uniflora (LC50 = 300.56 mg/ml) >M. trichocarpa (LC50 = 306.60 mg/ml) >P. triflorum (LC50 318.42 mg/ml). The larvicidal potential of P. triflorum was as follows Chloroform > acetone > methanol > petroleum ether. The larvicidal activities of L. uniflora and M. trichocarpa were as follows Chloroform > petroleum ether > acetone > methanol respectively. The larvicidal potentials of D. foveolatum was as follows Chloroform > methanol > acetone > petroleum ether. CONCLUSION The chloroform extract of D. foveolatum find use as broad-spectrum larvicidal agent in the near future. It is hoped that more work would be undertaken to evaluate the utility of these plant extracts for field applications considering the promising leads given by the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johnson
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Botany, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Maharaja
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Botany, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Murugesan
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Botany, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Janakiraman
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Botany, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - I R A Menezes
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Centre of Biological Science and Health, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - J G M da Costa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Centre of Biological Science and Health, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - C R S Barbosa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Centre of Biological Science and Health, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - H D M Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Centre of Biological Science and Health, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil.
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91
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Mechanism of Action against Food Spoilage Yeasts and Bioactivity of Tasmannia lanceolata, Backhousia citriodora and Syzygium anisatum Plant Solvent Extracts. Foods 2018; 7:foods7110179. [PMID: 30380618 PMCID: PMC6262597 DOI: 10.3390/foods7110179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive properties of solvent extracts of Tasmannia lanceolata, Backhousia citriodora and Syzygium anisatum investigated. The antimicrobial activities evaluated using agar disc diffusion method against two bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and six weak-acid resistant yeasts (Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Dekkera anomala, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe). The antioxidant activities determined using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging and reducing power assays. Quantification of major active compounds using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. Extracts showed broad-spectrum antifungal activity against weak-acid resistant yeasts in comparison to the standard antifungal agents, fluconazole and amphotericin B. Dekkera anomala being the most sensitive and strongly inhibited by all extracts, while Escherichia coli the least sensitive. Polygodial, citral and anethole are the major bioactive compounds identified in Tasmannia lanceolata, Backhousia citriodora and Syzygium anisatum, respectively. Hexane extracts contain the highest amount of bioactive compounds and demonstrate the strongest antimicrobial activities. Methanol and ethanol extracts reveal the highest phenolic content and antioxidant properties. Fluorescence microscopic results indicate the mechanism of action of Backhousia citriodora against yeast is due to damage of the yeast cell membrane through penetration causing swelling and lysis leading to cell death.
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92
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Arokoyo DS, Oyeyipo IP, Du Plessis SS, Chegou NN, Aboua YG. Modulation of Inflammatory Cytokines and Islet Morphology as Therapeutic Mechanisms of Basella alba in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Toxicol Res 2018; 34:325-332. [PMID: 30370007 PMCID: PMC6195884 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2018.34.4.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of the previously reported antidiabetic effect of Basella alba is unknown. This study investigated the role of B. alba aqueous leaf extract in the modulation of inflammatory cytokines and islet morphology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty male Wistar rats, between 8 and 10 weeks old, were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10) and administered the following treatments: Healthy control (H-c) and Diabetic control (D-c) animals received normal saline 0.5 mL/100 g body weight daily, while Healthy Treatment (H-Ba) and Diabetic Treatment (D-Ba) rats received the plant extract 200 mg/kg body weight daily. All treatments were administered by oral gavage. Diabetes was induced in D-c and D-Ba rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg body). The body weight and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels were recorded every week for 4 weeks, after which the rats were euthanized and samples collected for further analysis. After the experiment, FBS level was significantly reduced (p < 0.0001) in rats in the D-Ba group, but increased (p < 0.001) in rats in the D-c group. The absolute (H-c and H-Ba vs D-c, p < 0.05) and relative (D-Ba vs H-c, p < 0.05; D-Ba vs H-Ba, p < 0.005) weights of the pancreases were significantly higher after the experiment. The rats in the D-c group had significantly higher levels of serum interleukin-1β (p < 0.001 vs H-c; p < 0.05 vs H-Ba and D-Ba) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (p < 0.0001), but lower levels of interleukin-10 (p < 0.05) in comparison with the other groups. Histopathological examination revealed severe interstitial congestion, reduced islet area (p < 0.0001), and increased islet cell density in the D-c group compared with those in the D-Ba group. From these findings, it was concluded that the aqueous extract of B. alba stimulates the recovery of beta-islet morphology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by modulating the peripheral production of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis S Arokoyo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ibukun P Oyeyipo
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Stefan S Du Plessis
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Novel N Chegou
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Yapo G Aboua
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa
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93
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Szychowski KA, Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk K, Tobiasz J, Yelnytska-Stawasz V, Pomianek T, Gmiński J. Biological and anticancer properties of Inonotus obliquus extracts. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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94
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Hong MJ, Kim DY, Ahn JW, Kang SY, Seo YW, Kim JB. Comparison of radiosensitivity response to acute and chronic gamma irradiation in colored wheat. Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:611-623. [PMID: 30004105 PMCID: PMC6136369 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the biological responses induced by acute and chronic gamma irradiation in colored wheat seeds rich in natural antioxidants. After acute and chronic irradiation, the phenotypic effects on plant growth, germination rate, seedling height, and root length were examined, and the biochemical changes were investigated by analyzing the expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes, antioxidant enzyme activities, and total antioxidant capacity. High dosages of chronic radiation reduced plant growth compared with the controls. Electron spin resonance measurement and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activity analysis showed lower amount of free radicals in colored wheat seeds on chronic irradiation with low dosage of gamma rays compared to seeds subjected to acute irradiation. Expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, antioxidant-related genes, and antioxidant enzyme activity in seeds and young leaves of seedling showed diverse effects in response to different dosages and types of gamma irradiation. This suggests that phenotype is affected by the dosage and type of gamma radiation, and the phytochemicals in colored wheat seeds involved in antioxidant activity to scavenge free radicals respond differently to irradiation types. This provides evidence that acute and chronic exposure to radiation have different effects on seeds and young leaves after germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yeon Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Woo Ahn
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Yong Kang
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Weon Seo
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
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95
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Ait Chaouche FS, Mouhouche F, Hazzit M. Antioxidant capacity and total phenol and flavonoid contents of Teucrium polium L. grown in Algeria. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-17189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Teucrium polium L. aerial parts are traditionally used in Algerian folk medicine due to its therapeutic properties. OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of different extracting solvents (methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, hexane and water) on antioxidant capacity and total phenol and flavonoid contents of Algerian Teucrium polium aerial parts. METHODS: The antioxidant capacity of Teucrium polium extracts was assessed by DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2, 2’-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radicals scavenging and reducing power assays. For each extract, the total phenol and flavonoid contents were investigated by the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium trichloride methods, respectively. RESULTS: All the tested extracts showed an appreciable total phenolic and total flavonoid contents and strong antioxidant capacity. Among the different extracts, the methanolic extract was found to be containing the highest amount of total phenols (206.95±1.82 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract) and flavonoids (42.16±0.61 mg of quercetin equivalent per gram of extract). The same extract also exhibited a much better reducing power and scavenging capacity against DPPH (IC50 = 6.77±0.15 mg/l) and ABTS (IC50 = 2.79±0.07 mg/l). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that aerial parts of Teucrium polium methanolic extract could be used as natural source of antioxidants in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fazia Mouhouche
- Department of Agriculture and Forestry Zoology, High National School of Agronomy, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Hazzit
- Department of Food Technology, High National School of Agronomy, Algiers, Algeria
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96
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Smuda SS, Mohsen SM, Olsen K, Aly MH. Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of some cereal milling by-products. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:1134-1142. [PMID: 29487456 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-3029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the phytochemicals profiles of some cereal milling by-products such as wheat (bran, germ and shorts), rice (bran, germ and husk) and corn (bran, germ and germ meal) to assess their potentiality as bioactive compounds sources. Distilled water, ethanol, methanol, and acetone separately were used as solvents for the extraction of phytochemicals compounds. The antioxidant activity (AOA), total phenolics content (TPC), and total flavonoids content (TFC) of the extracts were investigated using various in vitro assays. The results showed that tannins content was ranged from 113.4 to 389.5 (mg/100 g sample).The study revealed that TPC and TFC of cereal by-products extracts were significantly different for various solvents. TPC content varied from 366.1 to 1924.9 mg/100 g and TFC content varied from 139.3 to 681.6 mg/100 g. High carotenoids content was observed for corn germ meal and minimum for wheat bran. Distilled water, ethanol and methanol extracts showed significantly different antioxidant activity. Significant variations were observed with regard to AOA of different cereal by-products by using various solvents. The ethanol and methanol were observed to be the best solvents to extract phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, while acetone extract showed less efficiency. Also, the cereal milling by-products were rich in bioactive compounds and could be used as a value added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Saad Smuda
- 1Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- 2Department of Food Science, Design and Consumer Behaviour, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Karsten Olsen
- 2Department of Food Science, Design and Consumer Behaviour, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mohamed Hassan Aly
- 1Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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97
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Martel J, Ko YF, Ojcius DM, Lu CC, Chang CJ, Lin CS, Lai HC, Young JD. Immunomodulatory Properties of Plants and Mushrooms. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 38:967-981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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98
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Minh TN, Tuyen PT, Khang DT, Quan NV, Ha PTT, Quan NT, Andriana Y, Xinyan F, Van TM, Khanh TD, Xuan TD. Potential Use of Plant Waste from the Moth Orchid (Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian "V3") as an Antioxidant Source. Foods 2017; 6:E85. [PMID: 28953245 PMCID: PMC5664024 DOI: 10.3390/foods6100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was conducted to exploit the waste of used plant parts from the widely marketed moth orchid cultivar (Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian "V3"). Various extracts of roots, stems, and leaves were evaluated for total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity. The bound extract from stems contained the highest total phenolics (5.092 ± 0.739 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalent)/g DW (dry weight)). The maximum total flavonoids (2.218 ± 0.021 mg RE (rutin equivalent)/g DW) were found in the hexane extract of leaves. Ethyl acetate extract from roots showed the greatest antioxidant activity compared to other extracts. Of these extracts, the IC50 values of these samples were 0.070 mg/mL, and 0.450 mg/mL in a free radical 1,-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and reducing power method, respectively. The lipid peroxidation inhibition (LPI) was found to be 94.2% using the β-carotene bleaching method. Five phenolic compounds including caffeic acid, syringic acid, vanillin, ellagic acid, and cinnamic acid were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It is suggested that the roots of the hybrid Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian "V3" cultivar may be exploited as an effective source of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Ngoc Minh
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Phung Thi Tuyen
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Do Tan Khang
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Nguyen Van Quan
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Pham Thi Thu Ha
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Nguyen Thanh Quan
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Yusuf Andriana
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Fan Xinyan
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Truong Mai Van
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Tran Dang Khanh
- Division of Genetic Engineering, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong Street, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam.
| | - Tran Dang Xuan
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
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99
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Swargiary A, Daimari A, Daimari M, Basumatary N, Narzary E. Phytochemicals, antioxidant, and anthelmintic activity of selected traditional wild edible plants of lower Assam. Indian J Pharmacol 2017; 48:418-423. [PMID: 27756954 PMCID: PMC4980931 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.186212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Clerodendrum viscosum, Eryngium foetidum, Lippia javanica, and Murraya koenigii are one among the common wild edible plants in Northeast India which are also used as antidiabetic, stomach-ache relieving drugs, etc., The present study was aimed to reveal the phytochemical, antioxidant, and anthelmintic activity of the plants. Materials and Methods: The antioxidant capacity of methanolic extract of plants was studied by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power, TBARS, and total antioxidant activity (TAA). Total phenolics, flavonoids, Vitamin C, carbohydrate, and protein are also estimated following standard protocols. Anthelmintic activity of the extracts has also been studied in vitro against trematode parasites. Results: The result showed that the methanolic extracts of plants possess a substantial quantity of alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, proteins, carbohydrates, and Vitamin C. Phenolics, flavonoids, and Vitamin C contents were found higher in C. viscosum followed by M. koenigii, L. javanica, and E. foetidum. The in vitro antioxidant assays revealed substantial free radical scavenging property in all the plants. TAA increased in the order C. viscosum > M. koenigii > L. javanica > E. foetidum. Similarly, C. viscosum displayed a better antioxidant capacity with IC50 values 29.74 ± 3.63 μg and 148.77 ± 18.38 μg for DPPH and thiobarbituric acid reactive species, respectively. In addition, the plant extracts also showed good anthelmintic activity against Paramphistomum sp. Time taken for paralysis and death were 0:56 ± 0:09 h and 1:35 ± 0:07 h for L. javanica at 50 mg/mL concentration. Conclusion: The study therefore suggests the importance of tested plants as a natural source of free radical scavenger and plausible veterinary uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananta Swargiary
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam, India
| | - Abhijita Daimari
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam, India
| | - Manita Daimari
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam, India
| | - Noymi Basumatary
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam, India
| | - Ezekiel Narzary
- Department of Zoology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam, India
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100
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Nguyen TTK, Laosinwattana C, Teerarak M, Pilasombut K. Potential antioxidant and lipid peroxidation inhibition of Phyllanthus acidus leaf extract in minced pork. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 30:1323-1331. [PMID: 28423872 PMCID: PMC5582289 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the effect of extraction solvents on antioxidant bio-active compounds as well as potential antioxidant and lipid peroxidation inhibition of Phyllanthus acidus (P. acidus) leaf extract in minced pork. Methods The effect of various solvent systems of water, 25%, 50%, 75% (v/v) ethanol in water and absolute ethanol on the extraction crude yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and in vitro antioxidant activities of P. acidus leaves was determined. In addition, antioxidant activities of the addition of crude extract from P. aciuds leaves at 2.5 and 5 g/kg in minced pork on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical cation decolorization, reducing power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS) were determined. Moreover, sensory evaluation of the samples was undertaken by using a 7-point hedonic scale. Results The results showed that the highest crude yield (2.8 g/100 g dry weight) was obtained from water which also had the highest recovery yield for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and the strongest antioxidant activity. The addition of crude water extract from P. acidus leaves was more effective in retarding lipid peroxidation and higher antioxidant activity than control and butylated hydroxytoluene in minced pork. In particular, the samples containing P. acidus extract had no significant effect on the sensory scores of overall appearance, color, odor, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability compared to the control. Conclusion Water solvent was an optimally appropriate solvent for P. acidus leaf extraction because of its ability to yield the highest amount of bio-active compounds and in vitro antioxidant property. Particularly, P. acidus crude water extract also strongly expressed the capacity to retard lipid oxidation, radical scavenging, radical cation decolorization and reducing power in minced pork. The results of this study indicated that P. acidus leaf extract could be used as natural antioxidant in the pork industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuyen Thi Kim Nguyen
- Department of Plant Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Chamroon Laosinwattana
- Department of Plant Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Montinee Teerarak
- Department of Plant Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Komkhae Pilasombut
- Department of Animal Production Technology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
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