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Shen S, Wang M, Dong J. Moxibustion therapy for chronic spontaneous urticaria: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23226. [PMID: 33181706 PMCID: PMC7668497 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a common disease in clinical, and often recrudescent. However, sometimes Western medicine treatments such as antihistamines cannot completely control the symptoms of CSU; therefore, more effective and optimized treatments are needed. Numerous studies have confirmed that moxibustion therapy is effective in treating CSU. Given that no relevant systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been carried out, we set out to prove the effect of moxibustion therapy for CSU. METHODS This protocol will be conducted based on the PRISMA-P guidelines and comply with the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook for Systematic Reviews. We plan to search the subsequent databases: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE.com and Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Database, Chinese Science Journal Database, and China Biomedical Literature Database. The studies will be screened under the eligibility criterion. The quality of the studies will be assessed based on the Cochrane risk bias tool. Ultimately, Review Manager 5.3 will be used for statistical analysis. RESULTS This research will comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of moxibustion therapy for CSU, and provide a more reasonable and effective treatment plan for CUS. CONCLUSION This research will bring new evidence for the efficacy of moxibustion therapy in the treatment of CSU and provide a basis for future clinical applications. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY2020100045.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Shen
- Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University
| | - Meiling Wang
- 905 Hospital of People's Liberation Army Navy, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Okubo CVC, Silveira RCCP, Galdino MJQ, Fernandes DR, Moreira AAO, Martins JT. Effectiveness of interventions for the prevention of occupational violence against professionals in health services: a protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036558. [PMID: 32998918 PMCID: PMC7528362 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Occupational violence affects several categories of workers; however, the health sector category has been considered at a high risk, exposing workers to physical and psychological abuse. Thus, occupational violence has decreased the quality of care in health service. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for the prevention and reduction of occupational violence against health professionals. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This protocol is consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Searches will be conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and LIVIVO along with a comprehensive review of grey literature. The search will be conducted on August 1 st 2020, without language and time restrictions. Following the eligibility criteria, two independent reviewers will select the titles and abstracts and subsequently screen the full articles. If necessary, a third reviewer will assess any disagreements. All references will be imported into EndNote, and any duplicates will be removed. The data will be extracted using an extraction-based form from Cochrane. Statistical analyses will be performed using the software Cochrane Review Manager, and a meta-analysis will be performed if possible for the statistical combination of at least two studies. The risk of bias of the randomised clinical trials will be evaluated by the Risk of Bias tool from Cochrane, and the risk of bias of the non-randomised intervention studies will be evaluated using the Downs and Black scale. The quality of the evidence and strength of the classification recommendations will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This review will not evaluate individual patient information and therefore does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals, presentations at conferences and the doctoral thesis of the leading author. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018111383.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Vieira Cláudio Okubo
- PhD student in Nursing, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Nurse, Federal University of Paraná Clinics Hospital, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Pinzón-Espitia OL, Pardo-Oviedo JM. Recomendaciones para la atención nutricional hospitalaria en pacientes con COVID-19. Revisión de la literatura. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2020. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v69n1.85962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción. La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) puede llevar a la hospitalización de los pacientes en los casos más graves; por tanto, es necesario establecer recomendaciones teórico-prácticas de intervención nutricional hospitalaria.
Objetivo. Identificar las recomendaciones dirigidas a los equipos de salud hospitalarios para brindar atención nutricional a pacientes hospitalizados mayores de 18 años e infectados con COVID-19.
Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en PubMed mediante la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda: periodo de publicación: diciembre 1 de 2019 a marzo 21 de 2020; idiomas de publicación: inglés y chino; términos de búsqueda: “Coronavirus Infection”, “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome” y “Nutrition for Vulnerable Groups”.
Resultados. Se identificaron 283 artículos en la búsqueda inicial, de los cuales se seleccionaron 6 para analizar las prácticas de atención nutricional hospitalaria. Las áreas de investigación de estas publicaciones fueron soporte nutricional; evaluación de intervenciones para abordar y disminuir la severidad de las complicaciones pulmonares y hepáticas, y efectos de antioxidantes y ácidos grasos omega-3 en adultos con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda.
Conclusión. Las recomendaciones para la atención nutricional hospitalaria en pacientes con COVID-19 se basan en procesos de cuidado nutricional y en la gestión de los servicios de alimentación; según estas recomendaciones, se deben establecer estrategias de evaluación de riesgo nutricional, realizar intervenciones de soporte nutricional que reduzcan el riesgo de desnutrición y vigilar los riesgos asociados a la administración del soporte nutricional y las alteraciones metabólicas asociadas a esta enfermedad.
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Booth A, Mitchell AS, Mott A, James S, Cockayne S, Gascoyne S, McDaid C. An assessment of the extent to which the contents of PROSPERO records meet the systematic review protocol reporting items in PRISMA-P. F1000Res 2020; 9:773. [PMID: 32850123 PMCID: PMC7431973 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.25181.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: PROSPERO is an international prospective register for systematic review protocols. Many of the registrations are the only available source of information about planned methods. This study investigated the extent to which records in PROSPERO contained the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). Methods: A random sample of 439 single entry PROSPERO records of reviews of health interventions registered in 2018 was identified. Using a piloted list of 19 PRISMA-P items, divided into 63 elements, two researchers independently assessed the registration records. Where the information was present or not applicable to the review, a score of 1 was assigned. Overall scores were calculated and comparisons made by stage of review at registration, whether or not a meta-analysis was planned and whether or not funding/sponsorship was reported. Results: Some key methodological details, such as eligibility criteria, were relatively frequently reported, but much of the information recommended in PRISMA-P was not stated in PROSPERO registrations. Considering the 19 items, the mean score was 4.8 (SD 1.8; median 4; range 2-11) and across all the assessed records only 25% (2081/8227) of the items were scored as reported. Considering the 63 elements, the mean score was 33.4 (SD 5.8; median 33; range 18-47) and overall, 53% (14,469/27,279) of the elements were assessed as reported. Reporting was more frequent for items required in PROSPERO than optional items. The planned comparisons showed no meaningful differences between groups. Conclusions: PROSPERO provides reviewers with the opportunity to be transparent in their planned methods and demonstrate efforts to reduce bias. However, where the PROSPERO record is the only available source of
a priori reporting, there is a significant shortfall in the items reported, compared to those recommended. This presents challenges in interpretation for those wishing to assess the validity of the final review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Booth
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Alex S Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Andrew Mott
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Sophie James
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Sarah Cockayne
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Samantha Gascoyne
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Catriona McDaid
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Booth A, Mitchell AS, Mott A, James S, Cockayne S, Gascoyne S, McDaid C. An assessment of the extent to which the contents of PROSPERO records meet the systematic review protocol reporting items in PRISMA-P. F1000Res 2020; 9:773. [PMID: 32850123 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.25181.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: PROSPERO is an international prospective register for systematic review protocols. Many of the registrations are the only available source of information about planned methods. This study investigated the extent to which records in PROSPERO contained the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). Methods: A random sample of 439 single entry PROSPERO records of reviews of health interventions registered in 2018 was identified. Using a piloted list of 19 PRISMA-P items, divided into 63 elements, two researchers independently assessed the registration records. Where the information was present or not applicable to the review, a score of 1 was assigned. Overall scores were calculated and comparisons made by stage of review at registration, whether or not a meta-analysis was planned and whether or not funding/sponsorship was reported. Results: Some key methodological details, such as eligibility criteria, were relatively frequently reported, but much of the information recommended in PRISMA-P was not stated in PROSPERO registrations. Considering the 19 items, the mean score was 4.8 (SD 1.8; median 4; range 2-11) and across all the assessed records only 25% (2081/8227) of the items were scored as reported. Considering the 63 elements, the mean score was 33.4 (SD 5.8; median 33; range 18-47) and overall, 53% (14,469/27,279) of the elements were assessed as reported. Reporting was more frequent for items required in PROSPERO than optional items. The planned comparisons showed no meaningful differences between groups. Conclusions: PROSPERO provides reviewers with the opportunity to be transparent in their planned methods and demonstrate efforts to reduce bias. However, where the PROSPERO record is the only available source of a priori reporting, there is a significant shortfall in the items reported, compared to those recommended. This presents challenges in interpretation for those wishing to assess the validity of the final review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Booth
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Alex S Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Andrew Mott
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Sophie James
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Sarah Cockayne
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Samantha Gascoyne
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Catriona McDaid
- Department of Health Sciences, York Trials Unit, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Mulqueeny DM, Roberts J, Nkabini SM. Mapping evidence of young people's experiences of sexual aggression in the United Kingdom: A systematic scoping review protocol. Syst Rev 2020; 9:129. [PMID: 32493492 PMCID: PMC7271434 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the UK's Office for National Statistics, England and Wales reported a 2.9% increase in sexual aggression cases (3.4 million females and 631,000 males) between 2009 and 2019. In Scotland, sexual aggression cases increased by 66%, with 40% of these sexual violations being perpetrated on individuals under the age of 18 years, while incidents relating to sexual misconduct in Northern Ireland increased by 21.0%, with only 41.2% of those cases being prosecuted. Acts of sexual aggression can have physical, emotional and mental consequences which predispose young people to subsequent short- and long-term mental and social disorders and comorbidities. Such consequences include feelings of guilt, shame, anger, experiencing post-traumatic stress disorders, antisocial behaviour, alcohol and drug misuse and dependency, confusion surrounding sexuality and sexually transmitted illnesses including the human immuno-deficiency virus. However, despite the societal, health, economic and educational implications for young people in the UK and increasing statistics, few studies address this scourge. Hence, the objective is to systematically map evidence of young people's experiences of sexual aggression in the UK and identify literature gaps that could inform future research. METHODS The included literature for this scoping review is published peer-reviewed articles of all research designs; grey literature including governmental reports, policy statements, conference and media reports; and unpublished theses. Electronic searches of databases and search engines such as Embase, Google, Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, CINAHL, PubMed, Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC), PsycInfo, World Health Organization (WHO), media organizations, governmental and education departments and higher learning websites for published literature. Additional searches will include screening citations in reference lists of articles and perusing "Cited by" logs. All retrieved literature will be exported to an Endnote X9.2 library. Duplicate documents will be deleted prior to title screening commencing. An adapted Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) will be independently used by two reviewers to ensure a rigorous study and quality assessment of all included studies. DISCUSSION This scoping review employs a mixed-method approach to map and select relevant literature and summarize and report on young people's experiences of sexual aggression in the UK. Once the data is summarized, it could inform planning and policy pertaining to a safe and effective sexual health curriculum for all young people, assist with the development of effective strategies to reduce sexual aggression and guide future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delarise Maud Mulqueeny
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. .,Department of Social Science, Gender and Education, School of Education, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Room 01-032, 121 Marianhill Rd, Pinetown, 3605, South Africa.
| | - Jennifer Roberts
- Department of Social Science, Gender and Education, School of Education, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Room 01-032, 121 Marianhill Rd, Pinetown, 3605, South Africa
| | - Senzelokuhle Mpumelelo Nkabini
- Department of Social Science, Gender and Education, School of Education, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Room 01-032, 121 Marianhill Rd, Pinetown, 3605, South Africa
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Fernandes LG, Devan H, Kamper SJ, Williams CM, Saragiotto BT. Enablers and barriers of people with chronic musculoskeletal pain for engaging in telehealth interventions: protocol for a qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis. Syst Rev 2020; 9:122. [PMID: 32475341 PMCID: PMC7262761 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic musculoskeletal pain represents an enormous burden in society. Best-practice care for chronic musculoskeletal pain suggests adoption of self-management strategies. Telehealth interventions (e.g., videoconferencing) are a promising approach to promote self-management and have the potential to overcome geographical barriers between patient and care providers. Understanding patient perspectives will inform and identify practical challenges towards applying the self-management strategies delivered via telehealth to everyday lives. The aim of this study is to synthesize the perceptions of individuals with musculoskeletal pain with regards to enablers and barriers to engaging in telehealth interventions for chronic musculoskeletal pain self-management. METHODS A systematic review of qualitative studies will be performed based on searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS, and PsycINFO databases. Screening of identified titles will be conducted by two independent investigators. Data extraction will retrieve detailed qualitative information from selected articles. The critical appraisal skills program (CASP) checklist will be used for critical appraisal of included studies, and the level of confidence in the findings will be assessed using the confidence in the evidence from reviews of qualitative research (GRADE-CERQual). A thematic synthesis approach will be used to derive analytical themes. DISCUSSION This review will systematically identify, synthesize, and present enablers and barriers reported by people with musculoskeletal pain to engage in telehealth interventions. The review will provide information required to support the design and improvement of telehealth services. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42019136148.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia G. Fernandes
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
- Centre for Pain, Health, and Lifestyle (CPHL), New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Hemakumar Devan
- Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research (CHARR), School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Steven J. Kamper
- Centre for Pain, Health, and Lifestyle (CPHL), New Lambton Heights, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Australia Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christopher M. Williams
- Centre for Pain, Health, and Lifestyle (CPHL), New Lambton Heights, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, Australia
| | - Bruno T. Saragiotto
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
- Centre for Pain, Health, and Lifestyle (CPHL), New Lambton Heights, Australia
- Australia Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney, Australia
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Täger T, Atar D, Agewall S, Katus HA, Grundtvig M, Cleland JGF, Clark AL, Fröhlich H, Frankenstein L. Comparative efficacy of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) for cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Heart Fail Rev 2020; 26:1421-1435. [PMID: 32314085 PMCID: PMC8510986 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-020-09954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The comparative efficacy of individual SGLT2i remains unclear. We searched PubMed, www.clinicaltrials.gov and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomised controlled trials exploring the use of canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin or ertugliflozin in patients with T2D. Comparators included placebo or any other active treatment. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Secondary endpoints were cardiovascular mortality and worsening heart failure (HF). Evidence was synthesised using network meta-analysis (NMA). Sixty-four trials reporting on 74,874 patients were included. The overall quality of evidence was high. When compared with placebo, empagliflozin and canagliflozin improved all three endpoints, whereas dapagliflozin improved worsening HF. When compared with other SGLT2i, empagliflozin was superior for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality reduction. Empagliflozin, canagliflozin and dapagliflozin had similar effects on improving worsening HF. Ertugliflozin had no effect on any of the three endpoints investigated. Sensitivity analyses including extension periods of trials or excluding studies with a treatment duration of < 52 weeks confirmed the main results. Similar results were obtained when restricting mortality analyses to patients included in cardiovascular outcome trials (n = 38,719). Empagliflozin and canagliflozin improved survival with empagliflozin being superior to the other SGLT2i. Empagliflozin, canagliflozin and dapagliflozin had similar effects on improving worsening HF. Prospective head-to-head comparisons would be needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Täger
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dan Atar
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval and Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Agewall
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval and Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Morten Grundtvig
- Medical Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust Division Lillehammer, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - John G F Cleland
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London, and Robertson Centre for Biostatistics & Clinical Trials, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew L Clark
- Castle Hill Hospital of the University of Hull, Cottingham, UK
| | - Hanna Fröhlich
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz Frankenstein
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Täger T, Fröhlich H, Seiz M, Katus HA, Frankenstein L. READY: relative efficacy of loop diuretics in patients with chronic systolic heart failure-a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised trials. Heart Fail Rev 2020; 24:461-472. [PMID: 30874955 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-019-09771-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The majority of patients with chronic heart failure (HF) receive long-term treatment with loop diuretics. The comparative effectiveness of different loop diuretics is unknown. We searched PubMed, clinicaltrials.gov , the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the European Union Clinical Trials Register for randomised clinical trials exploring the efficacy of the loop diuretics azosemide, bumetanide, furosemide or torasemide in patients with HF. Comparators included placebo, standard medical care or any other active treatment. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Secondary endpoints included cardiovascular mortality, HF-related hospitalisation and any combined endpoint thereof. Hypokalaemia and acute renal failure were defined as additional safety endpoints. Evidence was synthesised using network meta-analysis (NMA). Thirty-four trials reporting on 2647 patients were included. The overall quality of evidence was rated as moderate. NMA demonstrated no significant differences between loop diuretics with respect to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality or hypokalaemia. In contrast, torasemide ranked best in terms of HF hospitalisation, and there was a trend towards benefits with torasemide with regard to occurrence of acute renal failure. Sensitivity analyses excluding trials with a follow-up < 6 months, trials with a cross-over design and those including < 25 patients confirmed the main results. We found no significant superiority of either loop diuretic with respect to mortality and safety endpoints. However, clinicians may prefer torasemide, as it was associated with fewer HF-related hospitalisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Täger
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Fröhlich
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Seiz
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz Frankenstein
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Holley A, Cohen J, Reade M, Laupland KB, Lipman J. New guidelines for the management of severe thermal burns in the acute phase in adults and children: Is it time for a global surviving burn injury campaign (SBIC)? Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2020; 39:195-196. [PMID: 32253125 DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Holley
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield street, QLD 4029 Herston, Australia; The University of Queensland, QLD 4072 Saint-Lucia, Australia; Jamieson Trauma Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, QLD 4029 Herston, Australia; Australian Defence Force, Canberra, Australia.
| | - Jeremy Cohen
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield street, QLD 4029 Herston, Australia; The University of Queensland, QLD 4072 Saint-Lucia, Australia; Jamieson Trauma Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, QLD 4029 Herston, Australia
| | - Michael Reade
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield street, QLD 4029 Herston, Australia; The University of Queensland, QLD 4072 Saint-Lucia, Australia; Jamieson Trauma Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, QLD 4029 Herston, Australia; Australian Defence Force, Canberra, Australia
| | - Kevin B Laupland
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield street, QLD 4029 Herston, Australia; Queensland University of Technology, 2, George street, QLD 4000 Brisbane City, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Lipman
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield street, QLD 4029 Herston, Australia; The University of Queensland, QLD 4072 Saint-Lucia, Australia; Jamieson Trauma Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, QLD 4029 Herston, Australia; Nîmes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
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Bhatia D, Lega IC, Wu W, Lipscombe LL. Breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening in adults with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia 2020; 63:34-48. [PMID: 31650239 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-04995-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Individuals with diabetes are at increased risk of developing and dying from cancer. Evidence-based guidelines recommend universal screening for breast, cervical and colorectal cancer; however, evidence on the uptake of these tests in individuals with diabetes is mixed. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the association between diabetes and participation in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched systematically for publications between 1 January 1997 and 18 July 2018. The search was supplemented by handsearching of reference lists of the included studies and known literature reviews. Abstracts and full texts were assessed in duplicate according to the following eligibility criteria: study conducted in the general population; diabetes included as a predictor vs a comparison group without diabetes; and breast (mammography), cervical (Papanicolaou smear) or colorectal (faecal and endoscopic tests) cancer screening uptake included as an outcome. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed using the most-adjusted estimates for each cancer site. RESULTS Thirty-seven studies (25 cross-sectional, 12 cohorts) were included, with 27 studies on breast, 19 on cervical and 18 on colorectal cancer screening. Having diabetes was associated with significantly lower likelihood of breast (adjusted OR 0.83 [95% CI 0.77, 0.90]) and cervical (OR 0.76 [95% CI 0.71, 0.81]) cancer screening, relative to not having diabetes. Colorectal cancer screening was comparable across groups with and without diabetes (OR 0.95 [95% CI 0.86, 1.06]); however, women with diabetes were less likely to receive a colorectal cancer screening test than women without diabetes (OR 0.86 [95% CI 0.77, 0.97]). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that women with diabetes have suboptimal breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening rates, compared with women without diabetes, although the absolute differences might be modest. Given the increased risk of cancer in this population, higher quality prospective evidence is necessary to evaluate the contribution of diabetes to cancer screening disparities in relation to other patient-, provider- and system-level factors. REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration ID CRD42017073107.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Bhatia
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Iliana C Lega
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Wei Wu
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Lorraine L Lipscombe
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada.
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Young A, Reeves BC, Cheng HY, Wasiak J, Muir D, Davies A, Blazeby J. Risk of bias and reporting completeness of randomised controlled trials in burn care: protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e033472. [PMID: 31857316 PMCID: PMC6937119 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burn care represents a healthcare and economic burden to patients internationally. Choice of the most clinically effective treatment strategies requires evidence which is best obtained through high-quality randomised controlled trials (RCT). The number of published RCTs of burn care is increasing. However, trial quality and reporting standards are unclear. This study will assess the risk of bias and adequacy of reporting in recent burn care RCTs using tools endorsed by the Cochrane Collaboration. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A systematic literature review will be undertaken, assessing parallel group RCTs evaluating therapeutic interventions for patients with cutaneous burns. Literature searches will use Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. Separate searches for each database will include medical subject heading and free text terms including 'burn', 'scald', 'thermal injury' and 'RCT'. Two reviewers will independently assess each study for inclusion. Risk of bias (RoB) will be assessed with the revised tool (RoB 2) and reporting completeness with the CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 guidelines. We will report a narrative synthesis of all studies, including domain specific, and overall risk of bias for the primary outcome of each trial. Inter-rater agreement for RoB 2 will be reported using Fleiss's Kappa. For adherence to the CONSORT guidelines, we will generate a completeness of reporting index for the five domains. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No ethics approval is required because published documents will be used. Findings of the study will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018111020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Young
- Bristol Centre for Surgical Research, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Paediatric Anaesthesia, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Barnaby C Reeves
- Bristol Trials Centre (BRI-Hub), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Hung-Yuan Cheng
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jason Wasiak
- Olivia Newton John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre, Department of Radiation Oncology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- Austin Health Clinical School of Nursing, Latrobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Duncan Muir
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anna Davies
- Centre for Academic Child Health, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jane Blazeby
- Bristol Centre for Surgical Research, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol and University hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
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63
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Steeb T, Heppt MV, Becker L, Kohl C, French LE, Berking C. Long-term efficacy of interventions for actinic keratosis: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2019; 8:237. [PMID: 31604446 PMCID: PMC6788027 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinic keratoses (AK) are common precancerous lesions of the skin due to cumulative sun exposure. A variety of interventions are available for the treatment; however, the majority of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses focus on short-term efficacy outcomes. This network meta-analysis aims to investigate the long-term (> 12 months) efficacy of interventions for AK. METHODS To identify relevant studies, we will perform a systematic literature research in MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL and hand-search pertinent trial registers. Two authors will independently screen titles and abstracts for eligibility. We will include RCTs with an inter-individual (parallel arm) design. The study population includes patients with a clinical or histopathologic diagnosis of AK. Eligibility will be restricted to the following interventions: surgical approaches, cryosurgery, ablative laser treatment, topical drug treatment with 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, ingenol mebutate, diclofenac, or photodynamic therapy. As outcomes, we will consider the following endpoints: (1) the participant complete clearance rate, (2) the participant partial clearance rate, (3) the lesion-specific clearance, (4) the mean lesion reduction per patient, and (5) the number of withdrawals due to adverse events after at least 12 months after the end of treatment. Monotherapy or placebo will serve as a comparison. Estimates of effects from individual studies will be pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity will be evaluated based on I2 and chi-square test. The risk of bias will be estimated with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool by two review authors independently. The quality of evidence of the outcomes will be assessed with the GRADE approach. A network meta-analysis will be performed to combine direct and indirect evidence from the included RCTs. DISCUSSION The potential of interventions to achieve a sustained clearance of AK has not been assessed to date. To investigate the long-term efficacy of interventions is important as the natural disease course is highly variable and relapses occur frequently even after initial lesion clearance. This review will help to set a framework for clinical decision making in patients with AK. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION CRD42018095903 (PROSPERO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Steeb
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of LMU, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus V. Heppt
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of LMU, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Becker
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of LMU, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Kohl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of LMU, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars E. French
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of LMU, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of LMU, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, Munich, Germany
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Balakumaran J, Birk T, Golemiec B, Helmeczi W, Inkaran J, Kao YY, Leigh J, Saliba S, Sharma R, Spatafora L, Wright K, Yao W, Hillis C, Banfield L, Thabane L, Athale U, Samaan MC. Evaluating the endometabolic and bone health effects of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030092. [PMID: 31511287 PMCID: PMC6738716 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) constitutes 15% of new adult leukaemia cases as well as 2%-3% of leukaemia in children under 15% and 9% of leukaemias in adolescents 15-19 years of age annually. The introduction of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) therapy has dramatically improved survival in these patients, yet the off-target effects of this treatment may have long-term health impacts on CML survivors. The risk of adverse health outcomes is especially important in children, where TKI exposure may occur during critical windows of growth and puberty, and patients require treatment for prolonged periods of time. The aim of this systematic review protocol is to report on the methods used to conduct a systematic review to investigate the endometabolic and bone health effects of TKI therapy in CML. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Searches will be conducted in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE and MEDLINE from inception on August 1st, 2019. Searches may be updated while performing the systematic review to ensure new evidence is included if applicable. Grey literature search will include ClinicalTrials.gov and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses A&I. We will perform a meta-analysis if there are at least two studies reporting similar populations, interventions, methods and tracking the same outcome measures. The studies should also have similar age and sex distributions. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION As this is a systematic review protocol, it does not include patient data; therefore, Research Ethics Board approval is not indicated. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at international conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018091175.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janatani Balakumaran
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tanisha Birk
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Breanne Golemiec
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wryan Helmeczi
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeyanth Inkaran
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yun-Ya Kao
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Leigh
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Saliba
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Spatafora
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristin Wright
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - William Yao
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Hillis
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Banfield
- Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Biostatistics Unit, St Joseph's Healthcare-Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Uma Athale
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Hematology Oncology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Constantine Samaan
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Assessing Implementation Strategy Reporting in the Mental Health Literature: A Narrative Review. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2019. [PMID: 31482489 DOI: 10.1007/s10488‐019‐00965‐8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate implementation strategy reporting restricts research synthesis and replicability. We explored the implementation strategy reporting quality of a sample of mental health articles using Proctor et al.'s (Implement Sci 8:139, 2013) reporting recommendations. We conducted a narrative review to generate the sample of articles and assigned a reporting quality score to each article. The mean article reporting score was 54% (range 17-100%). The most reported domains were: name (100%), action (82%), target (80%), and actor (67%). The least reported domains included definition (6%), temporality (26%), justification (34%), and outcome (37%). We discuss limitations and provide recommendations to improve reporting.
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Yousef S, Elliott J, Manuel D, Colman I, Papadimitropoulos M, Hossain A, Leclair N, Wells GA. Study protocol: Worldwide comparison of vitamin D status of immigrants from different ethnic origins and native-born populations-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2019; 8:211. [PMID: 31439035 PMCID: PMC6706882 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of literature indicates that, worldwide, immigrants experience health deterioration after their arrival into their adopted country, and moreover, they have lower vitamin D compared to the native-born population. We plan to review if the levels of vitamin D are comparable between different ethnic groups in different regions of the world with those of native-born populations and to identify the possible associations between vitamin D deficiency and disease status among immigrants. METHODS/DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted following the methods of the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews. A literature search was performed to identify studies on immigrants and vitamin D. The primary outcome is vitamin D levels, and the secondary outcome is any vitamin D deficiency-related disease. Study design and participant characteristics will be extracted, including ethnicity, country of birth and/or origin, and the host country. Descriptive and meta-analytic summaries of the outcomes will be derived. Distiller-SR and RevMan will be used respectively for data management and meta-analysis. DISCUSSION This systematic review may partially help clarify vitamin D-related health deterioration in migrants; moreover, to develop a global guideline that specifies sub-populations, in which the evidence and vitamin D-related recommendations might differ from the overall immigrant population. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42018086729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Yousef
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Jesse Elliott
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas Manuel
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa and Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Manny Papadimitropoulos
- Eli Lilly Canada Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alomgir Hossain
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa and Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathalie Leclair
- Berkman Library, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - George A Wells
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Hemoglobinopathies include all genetic diseases of hemoglobin and are grouped into thalassemia syndromes and structural hemoglobin variants. The β-thalassemias constitute a group of severe anemias with monogenic inheritance, caused by β-globin gene mutations. This review is focused on omics studies in hemoglobinopathies and mainly β-thalassemia, and discusses genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic findings. Omics analyses have identified various disease modifiers with an impact on disease severity and efficacy of treatments. These modifiers have contributed to the understanding of globin genes regulation/hemoglobin switching and the development of novel therapies. How omics data and their integration can contribute to efficient patient stratification, therapeutic management, improvements in existing treatments and application of novel personalized therapies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Katsantoni
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou tou Ephessiou 4, 115 27, Athens, Greece.
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Gianola S, Castellini G, Andreano A, Corbetta D, Frigerio P, Pecoraro V, Redaelli V, Tettamanti A, Turolla A, Moja L, Valsecchi MG. Effectiveness of treatments for acute and sub-acute mechanical non-specific low back pain: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2019; 8:196. [PMID: 31395091 PMCID: PMC6688358 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-specific low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Acute LBP usually has a good prognosis, with rapid improvement within the first 6 weeks. However, the majority of patients develop chronic LBP and suffer from recurrences. For clinical management, a plethora of treatments is currently available but evidence of the most effective options is lacking. The objective of this study will be to identify the most effective interventions to relieve pain and reduce disability in acute and sub-acute non-specific LBP. METHODS/DESIGN We will search electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL) from inception onwards. The eligible population will be individuals with non-specific LBP older than 18 years, both males and females, who experience pain less than 6 weeks (acute) or between 6 and 12 weeks (subacute). Eligible interventions and comparators will include all conservative rehabilitation or pharmacological treatments provided by any health professional; the only eligible study design will be a randomized controlled trial. The primary outcomes will be pain intensity and back-specific functional status. Secondary outcomes will be any adverse events. Studies published in languages other than English will also potentially be included. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts retrieved from a literature search, as well as potentially relevant full-text articles. General characteristics, potential effect modifiers, and outcome data will be extracted from the included studies, and the risk of bias will be appraised. Conflicts at all levels of screening and abstraction will be resolved through team discussions. After describing the results of the review, if appropriate, a random effects meta-analysis and network meta-analysis will be conducted in a frequentist setting, assuming equal heterogeneity across all treatment comparisons and accounting for correlations induced by multi-arm studies using a multivariate normal model. DISCUSSION Our systematic review will address the uncertainties in the use of pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatments, and their relative efficacy, for acute and subacute LBP. These findings will be useful for patients, healthcare providers, and policymakers. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42018102527.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gianola
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Castellini
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anita Andreano
- Center of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Epidemiology Unit, Agency for Health Protection of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Corbetta
- Rehabilitation and Functional Recovery Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Frigerio
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Pecoraro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, OCSAE, Azienda USL of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Tettamanti
- Rehabilitation and Functional Recovery Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Turolla
- Laboratory for Neurorehabilitation Technologies, Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo IRCCS, Venice, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moja
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Center of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Vos B, Noll D, Pigeon M, Bagatto M, Fitzpatrick EM. Risk factors for hearing loss in children: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis protocol. Syst Rev 2019; 8:172. [PMID: 31315672 PMCID: PMC6637473 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hearing loss in newborns and children is a public health concern, due to high prevalence and negative effects on their development. Early detection and intervention of childhood hearing loss may mitigate these negative effects. Population-based newborn hearing screening programs have been established worldwide to identify children at risk for congenital hearing loss and to follow children at risk for late onset or progressive hearing loss. This article presents the protocol for a systematic review that aims to review the risk factors associated with permanent hearing loss in children, including congenital, early, or late onset. Risk factors associated with progressive hearing loss will be investigated as a secondary aim. METHODS Scientific literature from the following databases will be investigated: MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE(R) Daily and Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase, and CINAHL. The primary outcome is a permanent bilateral or unilateral hearing loss with congenital onset or onset during childhood (birth to 18 years). The secondary outcome is progressive hearing loss. Studies must report data on risk factors associated with permanent hearing loss; risk factors may be present at birth or later and result in immediate or delayed hearing loss. Randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, nonrandomized comparative and non-comparative studies, and case series will be included. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Qualitative Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (McMaster University). If aggregation of data is possible for a subsection of studies, we will pool data using meta-analysis techniques. If aggregation of data is not possible, a qualitative synthesis will be presented. We will assess the quality and strength of the overall body of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). The systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. DISCUSSION The resulting information will inform the update of a provincial audiological surveillance protocol for the Ontario Infant Hearing Program and will be applicable to early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) programs worldwide. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION We have registered the protocol in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), registration number CRD42018104121.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Vos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
- Child Hearing Laboratory, CHEO Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1 Canada
- School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808 CP 598, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dorie Noll
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
- Child Hearing Laboratory, CHEO Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1 Canada
| | - Marie Pigeon
- Audiology Department, CHEO, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1 Canada
| | - Marlene Bagatto
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders and the National Centre for Audiology, Western University, 1201 Western Road, London, Ontario N6G 1H1 Canada
| | - Elizabeth M. Fitzpatrick
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
- Child Hearing Laboratory, CHEO Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1 Canada
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Bourbonnais A, Goulet MH, Landreville P, Ellefsen E, Larue C, Lalonde MH, Gendreau PL. Physically aggressive behaviors in older people living with cognitive disorders: a systematic scoping review protocol. Syst Rev 2019; 8:164. [PMID: 31296261 PMCID: PMC6621942 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physically aggressive behaviors are very common among older people living with cognitive impairment. These behaviors may have significant consequences for family and formal caregivers, as well as for the other people in the older people's environment, and are also a frequent cause of institutionalization. Two relevant systematic reviews have been published on the subject but do not specifically target physically aggressive behaviors or only focus on care in nursing homes. Moreover, they do not address the causes, associated factors, and consequences of these behaviors, even though these should indeed be considered when developing interventions. Thus, the purpose of this scoping review is to map the state of knowledge on these physically aggressive behaviors with a view to developing personalized interventions. Offering a humanist and relational perspective by which these behaviors may be examined, the Senses Framework will guide this review. METHODS The scoping review method of Levac, Colquhoun, and O'Brien will be used. Several databases (e.g., CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, Grey Literature Report, clinical trials registries) will be searched for literature published in the past 15 years, using a combination of keywords and descriptors. Other data sources will be used to identify non-indexed literature or unpublished results (e.g., articles references, journal tables of content, contact with key authors). The literature will be selected regardless of setting, if it concerns older people, aged 65, or older with cognitive impairment who present physically aggressive behaviors. Data will be extracted systematically by the research team. A quality assessment of the literature will be done to consider this aspect in the data synthesis. A content analysis will be used to synthesize the results. DISCUSSION No scoping review has been found on the physically aggressive behaviors of older people living with cognitive impairment in various settings. The results of this review will identify needs for further research and for clinical and training development on this problem from a humanist standpoint. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Currently, it is not possible to register a systematic scoping review protocol (e.g., PROSPERO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bourbonnais
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Research Chair in Nursing Care for Older People and their Families, Research Centre of the Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Goulet
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Philippe Landreville
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, 2325 Allée des Bibliothèques, Québec City, Quebec G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Edith Ellefsen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, Quebec J4K 0A8 Canada
| | - Caroline Larue
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3 J7 Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Lalonde
- Research Centre of the Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary, Montréal, Quebec H3W 1W5 Canada
| | - Paul L. Gendreau
- Department of Psychoeducation, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
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Alexander CM, Martyr A, Savage SA, Clare L. Measuring awareness in people with dementia: protocol for a scoping review. Syst Rev 2019; 8:160. [PMID: 31272501 PMCID: PMC6610918 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with dementia (PwD) vary in the degree of awareness they show about their situation, both generally concerning the diagnosis and more specifically around certain aspects or objects of awareness such as awareness of memory impairment, altered daily activities or social functioning. The extent of awareness or lack of awareness has consequences for well-being of PwD and carers, impacting on rates of hospital admission, institutionalization, mood, adjustment to diagnosis, outcomes from intervention and carer burden. An accurate estimation of a person's awareness could therefore be useful in a clinical setting to support PwD and their carers in making appropriate choices for health and care decisions, and could facilitate safe management by health care professionals, e.g. in an acute care setting. There is a range of different approaches to measuring awareness reported in the dementia research literature, with varying estimates of the frequency of lack of awareness, reflecting different methodologies and populations. The majority of the methods have been developed for research purposes and may not be suitable for clinical use. There are no recent scoping or systematic reviews of the available methods. METHOD We will conduct a scoping review of published studies that have assessed awareness in people with dementia of all types, and all degrees of severity. The systematic search will include the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane Library, using search terms for dementia ("dement*" or "Alzheimer*" or "Pick's disease") and "awareness", "unawareness", "anosognosia", "insight", "denial", "metacognit*" or "discrepanc*" identified from pilot searches. Findings will be mapped and described according to the method used, the setting and diagnosis and the object of awareness studied if specified. Validated measures will be identified. DISCUSSION This scoping review will provide an overview of the methods used to measure awareness in people with dementia, allowing comparison of the methods along with identification of validated measures. The methods or components will be appraised for potential clinical use, and gaps in research will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Alexander
- REACH: The Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, South Cloisters, St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Anthony Martyr
- REACH: The Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health, School of Psychology, University of Exeter Medical School and College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Sharon A. Savage
- REACH: The Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health, School of Psychology, University of Exeter Medical School and College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
- Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Laboratories, Streatham Campus, Exeter, EX4 4QG UK
| | - Linda Clare
- REACH: The Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health, School of Psychology, University of Exeter Medical School and College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
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72
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Chen SSJ, Nadarajah A, Banfield L, Fleming A, Thabane L, Portwine C, Samaan MC. Evaluating the prevalence of diabetes mellitus subtypes in childhood cancer survivors: a systematic review protocol. ADOLESCENT HEALTH MEDICINE AND THERAPEUTICS 2019; 10:59-65. [PMID: 31118856 PMCID: PMC6498089 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s199449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The number of children who survive cancer is reaching new record levels, thanks to improved management strategies. However, this population is predisposed to chronic health conditions including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, yet the full scale of these diagnoses in this population is unclear. This protocol describes the conduct of a systematic review to report on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) subtypes in childhood cancer survivors. Methods: Searches will be conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We will also search gray literature in Theses A&I, ProQuest Dissertations, and Web of Science as well as clinicaltrials.gov. Screening search results and data abstraction will be done independently by two reviewers. We will conduct a meta-analysis if two studies have similar designs, populations, methods, and outcome measures reported. Results: The findings of this systematic review will provide insights into the scale of diabetes in childhood cancer survivors to allow the prioritization of subpopulations that need specific interventions to screen, prevent, and treat DM. This will likely lead to improved outcomes in childhood cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondra Song Jie Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ajantha Nadarajah
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Banfield
- Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam Fleming
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, St Joseph's Health Care, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Biostatistics Unit, St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carol Portwine
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Constantine Samaan
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Ming X, Qiu S, Liu X, Li S, Wang Y, Zhu M, Li N, Luo P, Liang C, Tu J. Prognostic Role of Tenascin-C for Cancer Outcome: A Meta-Analysis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 18:1533033818821106. [PMID: 30803361 PMCID: PMC6373989 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818821106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prognostic value of tenascin-C in different types of cancers remains controversial. To clarify its prognostic value on overall survival rates, we have conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the prognostic roles of tenascin-C for patients with cancer. Methods: We systematically searched all published studies about the role of tenascin-C in cancers on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The pooled hazard ratio with 95% confidence intervals was used to analyze the association between tenascin-C expression level and overall survival of patients with cancer. The pooled odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals was used to investigate the association between tenascin-C expression level and clinicopathologic features of patients with cancer. Trial sequential analysis was performed to obtain the required information size. Results: In this meta-analysis, 18 studies including 2732 patients were incorporated. The pooled hazard ratio of 18 trials was 1.73 (95% confidence interval: 1.29-2.32, P < .001) for overall survival, suggesting that elevated tenascin-C expression strongly predicted poor prognosis among patients with various cancers. Simultaneously, elevated tenascin-C expression was also significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (odds ratio = 2.42, 95% confidence interval: 1.79-3.26, P < .001). However, no significant correlation was observed between the tenascin-C expression and distant metastasis (odds ratio = 1.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.86-3.44, P = .127). Conclusions: Tenascin-C is considered as a promising unfavorable prognostic factor in human cancers. Likewise, tenascin-C can be used as a monitoring indicator for poor prognosis in a wide range of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Ming
- 1 Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shili Qiu
- 1 Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefang Liu
- 1 Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Li
- 1 Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- 1 Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Zhu
- 1 Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Nandi Li
- 1 Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Luo
- 1 Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunzi Liang
- 1 Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiancheng Tu
- 1 Department & Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Ocan M, Akena D, Nsobya S, Kamya MR, Senono R, Kinengyere AA, Obuku EA. Persistence of chloroquine resistance alleles in malaria endemic countries: a systematic review of burden and risk factors. Malar J 2019; 18:76. [PMID: 30871535 PMCID: PMC6419488 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2716-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chloroquine, a previous highly efficacious, easy to use and affordable anti-malarial agent was withdrawn from malaria endemic regions due to high levels of resistance. This review collated evidence from published-reviewed articles to establish prevalence of Pfcrt 76T and Pfmdr-1 86Y alleles in malaria affected countries following official discontinuation of chloroquine use. Methods A review protocol was developed, registered in PROSPERO (#CRD42018083957) and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Article search was done in PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs/Vhl and Embase databases by two experienced librarians (AK, RS) for the period 1990-to-Febuary 2018. Mesh terms and Boolean operators (AND, OR) were used. Data extraction form was designed in Excel spread sheet 2007. Data extraction was done by three reviewers (NL, BB and MO), discrepancies were resolved by discussion. Random effects analysis was done in Open Meta Analyst software. Heterogeneity was established using I2-statistic. Results A total of 4721 citations were retrieved from article search (Pubmed = 361, Lilac/vhl = 28, Science Direct = 944, Scopus = 3388). Additional targeted search resulted in three (03) eligible articles. After removal of duplicates (n = 523) and screening, 38 articles were included in the final review. Average genotyping success rate was 63.6% (18,343/28,820) for Pfcrt K76T and 93.5% (16,232/17,365) for Pfmdr-1 86Y mutations. Prevalence of Pfcrt 76T was as follows; East Africa 48.9% (2528/5242), Southern Africa 18.6% (373/2163), West Africa 58.3% (3321/6608), Asia 80.2% (1951/2436). Prevalence of Pfmdr-1 86Y was; East Africa 32.4% (1447/5722), Southern Africa 36.1% (544/1640), West Africa 52.2% (1986/4200), Asia 46.4% (1276/2217). Over half, 52.6% (20/38) of included studies reported continued unofficial chloroquine use following policy change. Studies done in Madagascar and Kenya reported re-emergence of chloroquine sensitive parasites (IC50 < 30.9 nM). The average time (years) since discontinuation of chloroquine use to data collection was 8.7 ± 7.4. There was high heterogeneity (I2 > 95%). Conclusion The prevalence of chloroquine resistance alleles among Plasmodium falciparum parasites have steadily declined since discontinuation of chloroquine use. However, Pfcrt K76T and Pfmdr-1 N86Y mutations still persist at moderate frequencies in most malaria affected countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Ocan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda. .,Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews and Knowledge Translation, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Dickens Akena
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.,Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, P. O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sam Nsobya
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses R Kamya
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Richard Senono
- Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, P. O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda.,Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews and Knowledge Translation, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Alison Annet Kinengyere
- Albert Cook Library, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.,Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews and Knowledge Translation, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ekwaro A Obuku
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.,Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews and Knowledge Translation, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.,Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Ocan M, Akena D, Nsobya S, Kamya MR, Senono R, Kinengyere AA, Obuku E. K13-propeller gene polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum parasite population in malaria affected countries: a systematic review of prevalence and risk factors. Malar J 2019; 18:60. [PMID: 30846002 PMCID: PMC6407282 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Efficacy of artemisinin (ART) agents, a critical element of current malaria control efforts is threatened by emergence and spread of resistance. Mutations in pfkelch13 gene associated with ART-resistance evolved in Southeast Asia (SEA). k13 mutations whose role in ART-resistance remains unknown, have subsequently emerged independently across all malaria-affected regions. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence and identify risk factors of Plasmodium falciparum k13 mutations in malaria-endemic countries. Methods An electronic search of studies from 2014 to date was done in MEDLINE via PubMED, SCOPUS, EMBASE and LILACS/VHL databases. Mesh terms and Boolean operators (AND, OR) were used. Two librarians independently conducted this search (RS and AK). The articles were screened for inclusion using a priori criteria set following PRISMA-P and STREGA guidelines. Three independent reviewers (NL, BB, and OM) extracted the data. Data analysis was performed in Open Meta Analyst software. Random effects analysis (DL) was used and heterogeneity established using I2-statistic. Results A total of 482 articles were retrieved from Pubmed = 302, Lilacs/Vhl = 50, Embase = 80, and Scopus = 37; Bibliography/other searches = 13, of which 374 did not meet the inclusion criteria. The aggregate prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in pfkelch13 gene was 27.6% (3694/14,827) (95% CI 22.9%, 32.3%). Sub-group analysis showed that aggregate prevalence of non-synonymous SNPs in pfkelch13 gene was higher, 45.4% (95% CI 35.4%, 55.3%) in Southeast Asia as opposed to 7.6% (95% CI 5.6%, 9.5%) in the African region. A total of 165 independent k13 mutations were identified across malaria-affected regions globally. A total of 16 non-validated k13 mutations were associated with increased ART parasite clearance half-life (t1/2 > 5 h). The majority, 45.5% (75/165), of the mutations were reported in single P. falciparum parasite infections. Of the 165 k13-mutations, over half were reported as new alleles. Twenty (20) non-propeller mutations in the pfkelch13 gene were identified. Conclusion This review identified emergence of potential ART-resistance mediating k13 mutations in the African region. Diversity of mutations in pfkelch13 gene is highest in African region compared to SEA. Mutations outside the pfkelch13 propeller region associated with increased ART parasite clearance half-life occur in malaria-affected regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Ocan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda. .,Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews and Knowledge Translation, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Dickens Akena
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sam Nsobya
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses R Kamya
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Richard Senono
- Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, P. O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Ekwaro Obuku
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.,Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews and Knowledge Translation, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.,Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Sabarimurugan S, Kumarasamy C, Madurantakam Royam M, Lakhotiya K, Kodiveri Muthukaliannan G, Ramalingam S, Jayaraj R. Validation of miRNA prognostic significance in stage II colorectal cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of observational clinical studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14570. [PMID: 30896613 PMCID: PMC6709282 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) has seen marked improvements in recent years. However, it is still the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although there are studies reporting the significance of miRNAs in stage II colorectal cancer, there is no known comprehensive study utilising collective data from multiple published studies. Thus, this study will focus on performing a systematic review and meta-analysis using published data to identify and underline multiple miRNA targets, with regard to disease prognosis in stage II CRC patients. METHODS The systematic review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, 2015 statement. The required articles will be obtained via a search of bibliographical databases such as Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science. A set of keywords in multiple permutations will be used for the search. The reference lists of included studies will also be manually searched to further increase the robustness of the search results. The systematic review will primarily be done via a literary synthesis. RESULTS Quantitative data synthesis will be based on estimated effect across the studies with forest plots generated to observe pooled outcome measures. A fixed or random-effect model of meta-analysis will be used depending upon the heterogeneity observed between studies. Subgroup analysis will be carried out depending on the availability of sufficient clinical data. CONCLUSION Based on the systematic review and meta-analysis results of this study, the possible miRNAs could be predicted toward the prognosis of stage II colorectal cancer, and specific miRNAs may perhaps be considered as a biomarker and therapeutic target for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Sabarimurugan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellan Kumarasamy
- University of Adelaide, North Terrace Campus, Adelaide South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Madhav Madurantakam Royam
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthik Lakhotiya
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Suja Ramalingam
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rama Jayaraj
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Darwin, Australia
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Amimo F, Moon TD, Magit A, Sacarlal J, Lambert B, Nomura S. Trends in comparative efficacy and safety of malaria control interventions for maternal and child health outcomes in Africa: a study protocol for a Bayesian network meta-regression exploring the effect of HIV and malaria endemicity spectrum. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024313. [PMID: 30798310 PMCID: PMC6398739 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unprecedented global efforts to prevent malaria morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa have saved hundreds of thousands of lives across the continent in the last two decades. This study aims to determine how the comparative efficacy and safety of available malaria control interventions intended to improve maternal and child health outcomes have changed over time considering the varied epidemiological contexts on the continent. METHODS We will review all randomised controlled trials that investigated malaria control interventions in pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa and were published between January 1980 and December 2018. We will subsequently use network meta-regression to estimate temporal trends in the relative and absolute efficacy and safety of Intermittent Preventive Treatments, Intermittent Screening and Treatments, Insecticide-treated bed nets, and their combinations, and predict their ranking according to their relative and absolute efficacy and safety over time. Our outcomes will include 12 maternal and 7 child mortality and morbidity outcomes, known to be associated with either malaria infection or control. We will use intention-to-treat analysis to derive our estimates and meta-regression to estimate temporal trends and the effect modification by HIV infection, malaria endemicity and Plasmodium falciparum resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, while adjusting for multiple potential confounders via propensity score calibration. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018095138.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriano Amimo
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Troy D Moon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anthony Magit
- Human Research Protection Program, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jahit Sacarlal
- Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Ben Lambert
- MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shuhei Nomura
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Rahiri JL, Tuhoe J, MacCormick A, Hill A, Harwood M. A narrative review of bariatric surgery in Indigenous peoples. Obes Res Clin Pract 2018; 13:1-5. [PMID: 30477912 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2018.11.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Indigenous peoples suffer high rates of obesity and obesity-related disease worldwide. Currently, bariatric surgery is the most effective intervention for severe obesity and obesity-related disease. The role bariatric surgery plays in alleviating the obesity burden amongst Indigenous peoples is unknown. We aimed to collate studies investigating bariatric surgery in Indigenous peoples and to provide a simple framework to use in future research surrounding this important issue. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies that investigated outcomes for Indigenous peoples at any point along the bariatric surgery journey were included. RESULTS Six articles were included in this review. Three studies investigated access to bariatric surgery and the remaining three studies investigated short to long-term outcomes following bariatric surgery. A narrative review was performed given study heterogeneity and quality of included studies. Indigenous peoples had lower access to bariatric surgery and in one study had greater weight loss in comparison to non-Indigenous peoples. CONCLUSION Despite a paucity of studies, it appears that there is emerging interest in investigating bariatric surgery among Indigenous peoples. We encourage those who seek to investigate this important issue at any point along the bariatric surgery journey, to do so using an equity-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie-Lee Rahiri
- South Auckland Clinical Campus, The University of Auckland, Middlemore Hospital, Private Bag 93311, Otahuhu, Auckland 2025, New Zealand.
| | - Jason Tuhoe
- Tokoroa Family Health, Gate 3, Tokoroa Hospital, Tokoroa 3420, New Zealand
| | - Andrew MacCormick
- South Auckland Clinical Campus, The University of Auckland, Middlemore Hospital, Private Bag 93311, Otahuhu, Auckland 2025, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Hill
- South Auckland Clinical Campus, The University of Auckland, Middlemore Hospital, Private Bag 93311, Otahuhu, Auckland 2025, New Zealand
| | - Matire Harwood
- Te Kupenga Hauora Māori, The University of Auckland, Tāmaki Campus, 261 Morrin Rd, St Johns, Auckland 1072, New Zealand
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Chola M, Hlongwana K, Ginindza TG. Mapping evidence on decision-making on contraceptive use among adolescents: a scoping review protocol. Syst Rev 2018; 7:201. [PMID: 30458834 PMCID: PMC6247610 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-018-0881-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contraceptive use among adolescents remains consistently low globally. Numerous studies have been done investigating factors that contribute to low contraceptive prevalence rates in this special population. It is particularly vital to understand decision-making processes that adolescents undergo when deciding whether or not to use contraceptives. Therefore, this scoping review seeks to map available evidence on decision-making processes in contraceptive use among adolescents. METHODS We will conduct a scoping review to explore, describe and map literature on the adolescent decision-making regarding contraceptive use. The primary search will include peer-reviewed and review articles. Databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE with Full Text via EBSCOhost, PsychINFO via EBSCOhost, CINAHL with Full Text via EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Scopus, will be searched for articles that meet the eligibility criteria. Keyword searches will be used, and for articles included after title screening, abstract and full articles will be screened by two independent reviewers with a third as a decider on any disputes. Content analysis will be used to present the narrative account of the reviews. DISCUSSION Understanding how adolescents make decisions about whether or not to use contraception is essential for improving contraceptive prevalence rates in this special population. It is envisioned that the results from this review will highlight key evidence on how adolescent make decisions regarding contraceptive use as well as gaps and opportunities for future research. It will also be important in enhancing and re-focusing adolescent sexual and reproductive health policies and programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumbi Chola
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041 South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Khumbulani Hlongwana
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041 South Africa
| | - Themba G. Ginindza
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041 South Africa
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Ocan M, Akena D, Nsobya S, Kamya MR, Senono R, Kinengyere AA, Obuku E. K13-propeller gene polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum parasite population: a systematic review protocol of burden and associated factors. Syst Rev 2018; 7:199. [PMID: 30447701 PMCID: PMC6240191 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-018-0866-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria control and prevention efforts continue to rely heavily on the use of medicines especially artemisinin agents. However, currently, the emergence of artemisinin resistance threatens this effort globally. The K13-gene polymorphisms associated with artemisinin resistance have been detected in Southeast Asia. In countries outside Southeast Asia, artemisinin resistance has not yet been confirmed. METHODS/DESIGN The articles will be obtained from the search of MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and LILACS/VHL databases. Mesh terms will be used in the article search. Boolean operators ("AND", "OR") will be used in the article search. Article search will be done independently by two librarians (RS and AK). The articles will be screened for inclusion using set criteria and following the PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction will be done by two independent reviewers (NL and BB), Kappa statistic will be calculated, and any discrepancies resolved by discussion. Heterogeneity in the articles will be established using I 2 statistic. DISCUSSION This review will focus on establishing the K13-gene polymorphisms among Plasmodium falciparum parasites reported from previous studies in malaria-affected countries. Artemisinin resistance has not been widely reported among parasites in Africa and other malaria-endemic countries outside Southeast Asia. However, several studies on artemisinin resistance have reported different K13-gene polymorphisms from the validated mutations found in Southeast Asia. This study will collate evidence from previous studies on the commonly reported K13 -gene polymorphisms among P. falciparum parasites in malaria-affected countries. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD 42018084624.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Ocan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Dickens Akena
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sam Nsobya
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses R. Kamya
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Richard Senono
- Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, P. O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Ekwaro Obuku
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
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Screening for childhood anxiety: A meta-analysis of the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders. J Affect Disord 2018; 240:220-229. [PMID: 30081293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) is a commonly used instrument that evaluates anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents. METHODS This meta-analysis examined the psychometric properties of the SCARED instrument, including total instrument and subscale internal reliabilities for the parent and child versions, test-retest reliabilities, and the extent to which responses from the parent version correspond with responses from the child version. Databases reviewed included ERIC, PubMed, PsycINFO, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and Google Scholar RESULTS: Responses to the SCARED instrument for children and parents using a mixture of the 38-, 41-, 66-, 69-, and 71-item versions of the SCARED were analyzed for 65 studies conducted between 1997 and 2017. The results from the random-effects models suggested homogeneity of variance for all the effects examined. The weighted averages of the psychometric properties indicated the parent and child versions of the SCARED have exhibited excellent internal consistencies on the total score, panic disorder, generalized anxiety, separation anxiety, social anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and animal phobia subscales. Furthermore, the SCARED demonstrated moderate to large test-retest reliabilities and moderate to large parent-child agreement rates. The school avoidance, obsessive-compulsive disorder, blood phobia, and situational phobia subscales did not demonstrate reliabilities considered appropriate for a screening instrument. LIMITATIONS Publications that could not be translated to English or could not be retrieved due to not being published or archived were not included in the analysis. CONCLUSIONS Overall the child and parent versions of the SCARED have robust psychometric properties and perform consistently well in community and clinical settings across various countries. The SCARED is clinically relevant as mental health providers and researchers can use it during diagnostic procedures and to monitor intervention effectiveness.
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Madaleno FO, Santos BA, Araújo VL, Oliveira VC, Resende RA. Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in former athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Braz J Phys Ther 2018; 22:437-451. [PMID: 29636304 PMCID: PMC6235824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in former athletes is still unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in former athletes. Moreover, the secondary aim was to investigate whether poor methodological quality of included studies, different diagnosis criteria for knee osteoarthritis, different sports modality or sex impact on overall estimated prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in former athletes. METHODS Searches on MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, SPORTDiscus and CINAHL from the earliest record to February 2018 and hand-searching identified studies investigating prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in former athletes. Meta-analysis was conducted and the GRADE system summarized strength of the current recommendations. Sensitivity analyses investigated whether methodological quality, diagnostic criteria, type of sports or sex impacted on the overall estimated prevalence in former athletes. This review was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42016050903). RESULTS Fifteen studies were included and pooling of 3100 participants estimated overall prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in former athletes of 30.0% (95% CI: 20.0 to 40.0%). The strength of the current recommendations was low-quality. Sensitivity analyses suggested that different diagnostic criteria for knee osteoarthritis and type of sports may impact on the overall estimated prevalence. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in former athletes was 30.0%. Researchers, clinicians and policymakers should be careful about potential prevalence differences among type of sports and diagnostic criteria. Current low-quality evidence shows that future high-quality studies are likely to impact on the estimated prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda O Madaleno
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruna A Santos
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vanessa L Araújo
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinicius C Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renan A Resende
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Abstract
Paranoid ideation is a core feature of psychosis, and models of paranoia have long proposed that it arises in the context of disturbances in the perception of the self. However, to develop targeted interventions, there is a benefit in clarifying further, which aspects of self-perception are implicated. Interpersonal sensitivity is a personality trait which has been associated with the risk of paranoid thinking in the general population. However, not all studies have found this link. We aimed to review the empirical literature assessing the association between interpersonal sensitivity and paranoia in both general population and clinical samples; and to explore if associations found differed depending on whether state or trait paranoia was assessed. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. Articles were identified through a literature search in OVID (PsychINFO, MEDLINE) and Web of Science up to December 2016. Fourteen studies with a total of 12 138 participants were included. All studies were of 'fair' or 'good' quality. A robust association was found between interpersonal sensitivity and paranoia in clinical and general population samples alike, regardless of the method of assessment of both paranoia and interpersonal sensitivity. Although this finding was more pronounced in studies of trait paranoia, it is likely that differences in study purpose, measurement, and power explain these differences. Findings from this review support the hypothesis that feelings of personal vulnerability and exaggerated socially evaluative concerns are central for both onset and maintenance of paranoid symptoms, suggesting avenues for future research in targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne F Meisel
- Department of Psychology,Institute of Psychology,Psychiatry and Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
| | - Philippa A Garety
- Department of Psychology,Institute of Psychology,Psychiatry and Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
| | - Daniel Stahl
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics,Institute of Psychology,Psychiatry and Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
| | - Lucia R Valmaggia
- Department of Psychology,Institute of Psychology,Psychiatry and Neuroscience,King's College London,London,UK
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Ocan M, Akena D, Nsobya S, Kamya MR, Senono R, Kinengyere AA, Obuku EA. Prevalence of chloroquine resistance alleles among Plasmodium falciparum parasites in countries affected by malaria disease since change of treatment policy: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2018; 7:108. [PMID: 30053912 PMCID: PMC6064057 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-018-0780-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in most low- and middle-income countries. Chloroquine is a previously cheap and effective antimalarial agent whose loss to resistance resulted in more than doubling of malaria-related mortality in malaria-endemic countries. Recently, chloroquine sensitivity is re-emerging among Plasmodium falciparum parasites which gives hope for malaria control and treatment efforts globally. The aim of the current review is to establish the prevalence of chloroquine resistance alleles among P. falciparum parasites in malaria-endemic areas after change in malaria treatment policy. METHODS/DESIGN The articles will be obtained from search of MEDLINE via PubMed, SCOPUS, and EMBASE data bases. The Mesh terms will be used in article search. Boolean operators ("AND," "OR") will be used in article search. The article search will be done independently by two librarians. The PRISMA-P statement will be used to guide the conduct and reporting of the systematic review. STREGA guideline will be used in developing data abstraction form for the review. Data abstraction will be done by two independent reviewers, Kappa statistic will be calculated, and any discrepancies resolved by discussion. Data analysis will be done using STATA ver 13.0. The level of heterogeneity in the articles will be established by using the I 2 -statistic. Publication bias will be assessed using funnel plot. Random effects analysis will be used. DISCUSSION The review seeks to establish the extent of chloroquine resistance reversal in malaria-endemic countries. The evidence generated from this review will help guide policy makers on the potential re-emerging role of chloroquine in malaria treatment. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION The systematic review protocol has been registered in PROSPERO with registration number CRD42018083957.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Ocan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
- Africa Centre for Knowledge Translation and Systematic Reviews, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Dickens Akena
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
- Africa Centre for Knowledge Translation and Systematic Reviews, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sam Nsobya
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses R. Kamya
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Richard Senono
- Africa Centre for Knowledge Translation and Systematic Reviews, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, P. O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Alison Annet Kinengyere
- Africa Centre for Knowledge Translation and Systematic Reviews, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Albert Cook library, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ekwaro A. Obuku
- Africa Centre for Knowledge Translation and Systematic Reviews, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Mallidou AA, Frisch N, Doyle-Waters MM, MacLeod MLP, Ward J, Atherton P. Patient-Oriented Research Competencies in Health (PORCH) for patients, healthcare providers, decision-makers and researchers: protocol of a scoping review. Syst Rev 2018; 7:101. [PMID: 30025543 PMCID: PMC6053801 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-018-0762-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient-Oriented Research (POR) is a Canadian initiative for health research that refers to research processes informed by full and active patient involvement in all aspects of the research. Ideally, POR results in a wide dissemination of the research findings and the uptake of such findings in both clinical practice and health policy. The Canadian Institute for Health Research (CIHR) identifies four stakeholder groups that are involved in POR who are envisioned to take on a collaborative role in enacting this approach to research. Those stakeholder groups are patients, researchers, health care providers and healthcare decision-makers. To achieve collaboration among stakeholders in POR, tools, resources, education/training and capacity building are required for each stakeholder group engaged in this work. Therefore, this review focuses on understanding and articulating competencies needed by participants to engage in POR. The aim is to summarize existing knowledge on discrete POR competencies for the four stakeholder groups; to support collaboration among them for uptake and strengthening of POR; and to inform policy, education and future research. Accordingly, our research question is 'What are the POR core competencies needed by patients, researchers, healthcare providers, and decision-makers?' The main objectives are to (1) systematically explore the academic and grey literature on competencies needed for these stakeholder groups to engage in POR; (2) map the eligible publications and research gaps in this area; (3) gain knowledge to support collaboration among stakeholders; and (4) provide recommendations for further research to use competencies that emerge in developing stakeholder groups' readiness to conduct POR. METHODS/DESIGN We will use a methodologically rigorous scoping review approach including formulation of the research question and development of the protocol; screening and identification of the literature; selection of relevant studies; data extraction; and collation, summary and report of the results. Our eligibility criteria include elements of population (patients, researchers, healthcare providers and decision-makers); concept (competencies: knowledge, skills, attitudes; and POR); context (level of involvement in research, settings, funding sources); study design (sample, stakeholder group, methodology, grey literature, theoretical framework); outcomes (primary: relevant to decision-making/policy and practice; and secondary: relevant to education and research); language (English, French); and timing (1990-2017). Registration with PROSPERO is not eligible for scoping reviews; so, it has not been registered. DISCUSSION Research on core competencies required to enact POR is in its infancy. In this review, we can articulate what is known and thought about competencies (knowledge, skills and attitudes) needed by individuals on POR research teams and ultimately provide knowledge that could impact research, practice, education and policy. Identification of competencies can contribute to design of healthcare professionals' basic and ongoing educational programmes, patient training in research, and professional development activities for health care providers and decision-makers. In addition, knowledge of core competencies can permit individuals to evaluate their own readiness to enter POR research teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia A Mallidou
- School of Nursing, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty (Ring) Road, Victoria, British Columbia, V8P 5C2, Canada.
| | - Noreen Frisch
- School of Nursing, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty (Ring) Road, Victoria, British Columbia, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Mary M Doyle-Waters
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Evaluation, Research Pavilion, 708A-828 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Martha L P MacLeod
- Northern Health - UNBC Knowledge Mobilization Research Chair, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - John Ward
- Research Navigation and Project Lead, BC SUPPORT Unit, Suite 420 - 1367 West Broadway, Vancouver, BC, V6H 4A7, Canada
| | - Pat Atherton
- Training and Virtual Networking Platform, BC SUPPORT Unit, Suite 420 - 1367 West Broadway, Vancouver, BC, V6H 4A7, Canada
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Ladhani S, Empringham B, Wang KW, Portwine C, Banfield L, de Souza RJ, Thabane L, Samaan MC. Overweight and obesity management strategies in survivors of paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022530. [PMID: 29934396 PMCID: PMC6020978 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is the most common paediatric cancer. Survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (SALL) are at risk of obesity and related cardiometabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke and cardiovascular events. Therefore, it is important to address obesity in this population as this may help mitigate future cardiometabolic comorbidities. In this systematic review, we aim to assess current treatment strategies including lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery to manage overweight and obesity in SALL. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will search the following databases for primary studies: CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. In addition, unpublished primary studies will be searched in ClinicalTrials.gov as well as conference proceedings, presentations, abstracts, editorials and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses A&I. Reviewers will perform title, abstract, and full-text screening as well as data abstraction and risk of bias assessment independently with a third reviewer to be consulted to resolve disagreements. Searches will be run and updated through May 1st, 2018. The overall quality of the evidence will be determined using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria for each outcome. A meta-analysis will be performed if two studies deploying similar interventions, populations, and design and outcomes are identified. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION As individual patient data will not be included, we do not require ethics approval. This review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42016051031.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Ladhani
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brianna Empringham
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kuan-Wen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carol Portwine
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Banfield
- Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, St. Joseph's Health Care, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Biostatistics Unit, St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Constantine Samaan
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Hujoel PP, Hujoel MLA, Kotsakis GA. Personal oral hygiene and dental caries: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Gerodontology 2018; 35:282-289. [PMID: 29766564 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of randomised trials assessing the association between personal oral hygiene and dental caries in the absence of the confounding effects of fluoride. BACKGROUND Dental caries continues to affect close to 100% of the global population. There is a century-old conflict on whether dental caries is caused by poor oral hygiene or poorly formed teeth (ie, teeth with dental defects). Resolving this conflict is of significant public health importance as these two hypotheses on dental caries aetiology can lead to different prevention strategies. METHODS A systematic search for randomised trials was conducted using predefined criteria in 3 databases. The impact of personal oral hygiene interventions on coronal dental caries incidence was evaluated using random-effects models. RESULTS Three randomised studies involving a total of 743 participants were included. Personal oral hygiene interventions failed to influence the incidence of dental caries (Δ Decayed, Missing and Filled Surfaces (DFMS) = -0.11; 95% confidence interval: (-0.91, 0.69; P-value < .79)) despite meticulous deplaquing of teeth. There was no significant heterogeneity in the trial results (heterogeneity chi-squared = 1.88, P = .39). The findings were robust to sensitivity analyses, including consideration of the results of nonrandomised studies. CONCLUSION Personal oral hygiene in the absence of fluorides has failed to show a benefit in terms of reducing the incidence of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Pierre Hujoel
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry & Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Georgios A Kotsakis
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Pease A, Lo C, Earnest A, Liew D, Zoungas S. Evaluating optimal utilisation of technology in type 1 diabetes mellitus from a clinical and health economic perspective: protocol for a systematic review. Syst Rev 2018. [PMID: 29530081 PMCID: PMC5848559 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-018-0706-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technology has been implemented since the 1970s with the hope of improving glycaemic control and reducing the burden of complications for those living with type 1 diabetes. A clinical and cost-effectiveness comparison of all available technologies including continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), sensor-augmented pump therapy (including either low-glucose suspend or predictive low-glucose suspend), hybrid closed-loop systems, closed-loop (single-hormone or dual-hormone) systems, flash glucose monitoring (FGM), insulin bolus calculators, and 'smart-device' applications is currently lacking. This systematic review, network meta-analysis, and narrative synthesis aims to summarise available evidence regarding the clinical and cost-effectiveness of available technologies in the management of patients with type 1 diabetes. METHODS Relevant studies will be searched using a comprehensive strategy through MEDLINE, MEDLINE in-process and other non-indexed citations, EMBASE, PubMed, all evidenced-based medicine reviews, EconLit, Cost-effectiveness Analysis Registry, Research Papers in Economics, Web of Science, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and PROSPERO for randomised controlled trials and economic evaluations. The search strategy will assess if there are combinations of currently available technologies that are superior to each other or to insulin injections and capillary blood glucose testing with regard to glycaemic control, morbidity/mortality, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness. Two reviewers will screen all articles for eligibility and then independently evaluate risk of bias, complete quality assessment, and extract data for included studies. Network meta-analyses will be performed where there is sufficient homogenous clinical data. Narrative synthesis will be performed for heterogeneous clinical data that cannot be pooled for network meta-analysis with critical appraisal of economic evaluations. DISCUSSION This systematic review protocol utilises rigorous methodology and pre-determined eligibility criteria to provide a uniquely comprehensive search for a broad spectrum of clinical and economic outcomes in comparing multiple currently available technologies for managing type 1 diabetes. Evidence on which technologies may be most appropriate for particular patient groups will be examined as well as the economic justification for funding of different technologies. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO ( CRD42017077221 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Pease
- Division of Metabolism, Ageing and Genomics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 5th Floor, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University in partnership with Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Clement Lo
- Division of Metabolism, Ageing and Genomics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 5th Floor, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University in partnership with Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Arul Earnest
- Division of Metabolism, Ageing and Genomics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 5th Floor, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Danny Liew
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Sophia Zoungas
- Division of Metabolism, Ageing and Genomics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 5th Floor, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
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Allers K, Hoffmann F, Mathes T, Pieper D. Systematic reviews with published protocols compared to those without: more effort, older search. J Clin Epidemiol 2018; 95:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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90
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Lecat M, Decavel P, Magnin E, Lucas B, Gremeaux V, Sagawa Y. Multiple Sclerosis and Clinical Gait Analysis before and after Fampridine: A Systematic Review. Eur Neurol 2017; 78:272-286. [PMID: 28992626 DOI: 10.1159/000480729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gait impairment is one of the most disabling symptoms in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Fampridine, has demonstrated a positive effect on gait speed in PwMS after 14 days of treatment but the long-term effects have not yet been demonstrated. This study reviews the long-term effects of fampridine on gait in PwMS. SUMMARY This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. Studies were considered long term if treatment exceeded 28 days. From the 498 studies identified, 18 (2,200 patients) fulfilled all eligibility criteria. Only 3 studies followed-up patients for >1 year and one of these showed a non-significant improvement in the gait speed. Key Messages: Fampridine seems to be beneficial at improving gait speed in PwMS in the long term. Further long-term studies are needed on related gait and functional parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magaly Lecat
- Laboratory of Clinical Functional Exploration of Movement, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
- Functional Rehabilitation Center Divio, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Decavel
- Laboratory of Clinical Functional Exploration of Movement, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
- Integrative and Clinical Neurosciences EA481, Bourgogne Franche-Comte University, Besançon, France
| | - Eloi Magnin
- Integrative and Clinical Neurosciences EA481, Bourgogne Franche-Comte University, Besançon, France
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | | | - Vincent Gremeaux
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Yoshimasa Sagawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Functional Exploration of Movement, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
- Integrative and Clinical Neurosciences EA481, Bourgogne Franche-Comte University, Besançon, France
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91
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Hendre AD, Taylor GW, Chávez EM, Hyde S. A systematic review of silver diamine fluoride: Effectiveness and application in older adults. Gerodontology 2017; 34:411-419. [PMID: 28812312 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review examines the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in the management of caries in older adults. BACKGROUND Silver diamine fluoride has been extensively researched and proven effective for caries prevention and arrest in children. Limited studies support its effectiveness in adult and older adult populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multiple databases were searched according to specified inclusion-exclusion criteria. Quality assessment used modified Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine worksheets. RESULTS Three randomised controlled trials were identified that addressed the effectiveness of SDF on root caries in older adults, but none addressed coronal caries. Root caries prevented fraction and arrest rate for SDF were significantly higher than placebo. The prevented fraction for caries prevention for SDF compared to placebo was 71% in a 3-year study and 25% in a 2-year study. The prevented fraction for caries arrest for SDF was 725% greater in a 24-month study and 100% greater than placebo in a 30-month study. No severe adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION This systematic review evaluates the use of SDF for both root caries prevention and arrest in older adults. Existing reports of SDF trials support effectiveness in root caries prevention and arrest, remineralization of deep occlusal lesions and treatment of hypersensitive dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta D Hendre
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - George W Taylor
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elisa M Chávez
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Susan Hyde
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
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92
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Deng C, Deng B, Jia L, Tan H. Efficacy of long-acting release octreotide for preventing chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea: protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e014916. [PMID: 28637728 PMCID: PMC5623438 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diarrhoea is a common adverse effect induced by chemotherapy that can reduce the dose of chemotherapeutic drugs or interrupt the chemotherapy schedule. The current treatment strategies have various limitations. It has been shown that long-acting release octreotide (octreotide LAR) can decrease the occurrence and severity of diarrhoea, yet the efficacy of octreotide LAR in preventing chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea (CID) remains to be assessed. The main objective of this paper was to draw up a protocol for systematic review to evaluate the protective effects of octreotide LAR on CID. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We searched Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data and the VIP Database without language restrictions from inception until 1 September 2016. The references of relevant studies were also manually searched. Two investigators independently accessed the selected studies, extracted data and assessed the reliability of the studies. Any discrepancies were resolved by a third investigator. The effect size of the selected studies was assessed by different measures based on the type of data. The selected studies were descriptively analysed. We then chose a fixed-effect model or a random-effect model based on statistical homogeneity, and pooled data from the studies for meta-analysis, if possible. The primary outcome was the incidence of diarrhoea. The secondary outcomes were the duration of diarrhoea, incidence of diarrhoea-associated symptoms, physical function and quality of life. All statistical analyses were performed by Review Manager V.5.3. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This systematic review did not require ethics approval, because it included aggregated published data, and not individual patient data. The review was published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION This systematic review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD 42016048573).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Deng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huangying Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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93
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Wang KW, Fleming A, Singh SK, Banfield L, de Souza RJ, Thabane L, Samaan MC. Evaluating overweight and obesity prevalence in survivors of childhood brain tumors: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2017; 6:43. [PMID: 28253910 PMCID: PMC5335753 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0439-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity are well-known risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases including hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, and type 2 diabetes in the general population. Survivors of childhood brain tumors (SCBT) are at risk of premature mortality, and recent evidence suggests that these cardiometabolic diseases are potential emerging determinants of survival and quality of life. Therefore, the rates of overweight and obesity in this population need to be examined to assess their impact on outcomes. The objective of this systematic review is to examine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in SCBT. The secondary aim of this review is to evaluate whether SCBT have higher adiposity compared to the general population. METHODS Searches will be conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effect. For gray literature, we will search ProQuest Dissertations and Theses A&I and Web of Science. Two reviewers will independently screen all articles against predetermined eligibility criteria and complete data abstraction, risk of bias, and quality assessments. The primary outcome includes the prevalence of overweight or obesity. The secondary outcomes involve waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, body fat percentage, and skinfold thickness. Meta-analysis will be performed when two or more studies with similar design, populations, and outcomes are available. DISCUSSION This review will summarize current data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in SCBT. This will help the development of an understanding of the scale of overweight and obesity in this population and guide the design of interventions that will improve outcomes. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42016051035.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Wen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam Fleming
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheila K Singh
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Banfield
- Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, St. Joseph's Health Care, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Biostatistics Unit, St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Constantine Samaan
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada. .,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. .,Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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94
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Abstract
AbstractSystematic reviews answer specific review questions by following structured steps and employing specific methods to reduce the risk of bias and to maximize transparency in the process of the review, and systematic review methodology differs from traditional narrative reviews in many ways. As a journal devoted to reviews, it is appropriate that Animal Health Research Reviews (AHRR) includes this approach to reviews of the literature. The aim of this special issue of AHRR was to illustrate the scope of articles that can be considered for submission to the systematic review section of this journal for prospective authors and readers.
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95
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Nicholls SG, Langan SM, Benchimol EI, Moher D. Reporting transparency: making the ethical mandate explicit. BMC Med 2016; 14:44. [PMID: 26979591 PMCID: PMC4793699 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving the transparency and quality of reporting in biomedical research is considered ethically important; yet, this is often based on practical reasons such as the facilitation of peer review. Surprisingly, there has been little explicit discussion regarding the ethical obligations that underpin reporting guidelines. In this commentary, we suggest a number of ethical drivers for the improved reporting of research. These ethical drivers relate to researcher integrity as well as to the benefits derived from improved reporting such as the fair use of resources, minimizing risk of harms, and maximizing benefits. Despite their undoubted benefit to reporting completeness, questions remain regarding the extent to which reporting guidelines can influence processes beyond publication, including researcher integrity or the uptake of scientific research findings into policy or practice. Thus, we consider investigation on the effects of reporting guidelines an important step in providing evidence of their benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Nicholls
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, c/o RI Administration Offices, Research Building 1, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada. .,School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Sinéad M Langan
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Eric I Benchimol
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, c/o RI Administration Offices, Research Building 1, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.,School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David Moher
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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