51
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Chattopadhyay A, Kwartler CS, Kaw K, Li Y, Kaw A, Chen J, LeMaire SA, Shen YH, Milewicz DM. Cholesterol-Induced Phenotypic Modulation of Smooth Muscle Cells to Macrophage/Fibroblast-like Cells Is Driven by an Unfolded Protein Response. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:302-316. [PMID: 33028096 PMCID: PMC7752246 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) dedifferentiate and initiate expression of macrophage markers with cholesterol exposure. This phenotypic switching is dependent on the transcription factor Klf4 (Krüppel-like factor 4). We investigated the molecular pathway by which cholesterol induces SMC phenotypic switching. Approach and Results: With exposure to free cholesterol, SMCs decrease expression of contractile markers, activate Klf4, and upregulate a subset of macrophage and fibroblast markers characteristic of modulated SMCs that appear with atherosclerotic plaque formation. These phenotypic changes are associated with activation of all 3 pathways of the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPR), Perk (protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase), Ire (inositol-requiring enzyme) 1α, and Atf (activating transcription factor) 6. Blocking the movement of cholesterol from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum prevents free cholesterol-induced UPR, Klf4 activation, and upregulation of the majority of macrophage and fibroblast markers. Cholesterol-induced phenotypic switching is also prevented by global UPR inhibition or specific inhibition of Perk signaling. Exposure to chemical UPR inducers, tunicamycin and thapsigargin, is sufficient to induce these same phenotypic transitions. Finally, analysis of published single-cell RNA sequencing data during atherosclerotic plaque formation in hyperlipidemic mice provides preliminary in vivo evidence of a role of UPR activation in modulated SMCs. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that UPR is necessary and sufficient to drive phenotypic switching of SMCs to cells that resemble modulated SMCs found in atherosclerotic plaques. Preventing a UPR in hyperlipidemic mice diminishes atherosclerotic burden, and our data suggest that preventing SMC transition to dedifferentiated cells expressing macrophage and fibroblast markers contributes to this decreased plaque burden.
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MESH Headings
- Activating Transcription Factor 4/metabolism
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Cell Line
- Cell Transdifferentiation/drug effects
- Cholesterol/toxicity
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects
- Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2/metabolism
- Female
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Unfolded Protein Response/drug effects
- eIF-2 Kinase/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijnan Chattopadhyay
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (A.C., C.S.K., K.K., A.K., J.C., D.M.M.)
| | - Callie S. Kwartler
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (A.C., C.S.K., K.K., A.K., J.C., D.M.M.)
| | - Kaveeta Kaw
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (A.C., C.S.K., K.K., A.K., J.C., D.M.M.)
| | - Yanming Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (.L., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
| | - Anita Kaw
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (A.C., C.S.K., K.K., A.K., J.C., D.M.M.)
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (A.C., C.S.K., K.K., A.K., J.C., D.M.M.)
| | - Scott A. LeMaire
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (.L., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
| | - Ying H. Shen
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (.L., S.A.L., Y.H.S.)
| | - Dianna M. Milewicz
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (A.C., C.S.K., K.K., A.K., J.C., D.M.M.)
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52
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Sebestyén E, Marullo F, Lucini F, Petrini C, Bianchi A, Valsoni S, Olivieri I, Antonelli L, Gregoretti F, Oliva G, Ferrari F, Lanzuolo C. SAMMY-seq reveals early alteration of heterochromatin and deregulation of bivalent genes in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6274. [PMID: 33293552 PMCID: PMC7722762 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a genetic disease caused by an aberrant form of Lamin A resulting in chromatin structure disruption, in particular by interfering with lamina associated domains. Early molecular alterations involved in chromatin remodeling have not been identified thus far. Here, we present SAMMY-seq, a high-throughput sequencing-based method for genome-wide characterization of heterochromatin dynamics. Using SAMMY-seq, we detect early stage alterations of heterochromatin structure in progeria primary fibroblasts. These structural changes do not disrupt the distribution of H3K9me3 in early passage cells, thus suggesting that chromatin rearrangements precede H3K9me3 alterations described at later passages. On the other hand, we observe an interplay between changes in chromatin accessibility and Polycomb regulation, with site-specific H3K27me3 variations and transcriptional dysregulation of bivalent genes. We conclude that the correct assembly of lamina associated domains is functionally connected to the Polycomb repression and rapidly lost in early molecular events of progeria pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endre Sebestyén
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fabrizia Marullo
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Lucini
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Bianchi
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Valsoni
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Olivieri
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Antonelli
- Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Gregoretti
- Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Oliva
- Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrari
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Lanzuolo
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy.
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53
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Redox theory in progeria. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:20934-20935. [PMID: 33173016 PMCID: PMC7695427 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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54
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Wang X, Bi X, Yang K, Huang Y, Liu Y, Zhao J. ROS/p38MAPK-induced lamin B1 accumulation promotes chronic kidney disease-associated vascular smooth muscle cells senescence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 531:187-194. [PMID: 32788068 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events which are highly associated with atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and its rupture is much higher in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients than that in the general population. It has been reported that the thinning of fibrous cap in atherosclerotic plaque is a crucial factor in plaque vulnerability and thrombosis. Moreover, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) senescence play a crucial role in maintaining the thickness of fibrous cap. Lamin B1, one of the members of laminin family, is an important component of the nuclear membrane and it is related to cell senescence. While whether lamin B1 participates CKD-related VSMCs senescence and plaque vulnerability and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. Here, we found that CKD promoted fibrous cap thinning and reduced the stability of atherosclerotic plaque through accelerating VSMCs senescence. VSMCs senescence induced by CKD was related to the increased expression of lamin B1 and abnormality of nuclear membrane structure. Knocking down the expression of lamin B1 with RNA interference prevented CKD-induced aberrant nuclear membrane structure and senescence in VSMCs. Additionally, overproduction of reactive oxidative stress (ROS) and subsequent activation of ROS/p38MAPK under CKD milieus contribute to these series of outcomes, as scavenging ROS with N-acety-l-cysteine (NAC) or inhibiting p38MAPK signal pathway with SB203580 could inhibit CKD-induced activation of ROS/p38MAPK, increased expression of lamin B1, abnormality of nuclear membrane structure and VSMCs senescence. Taken together, these results suggested that ROS/p38MAPK-mediated increased expression of lamin B1 and abnormality of nuclear membrane structure was an important mechanism of CKD-induced VSMCs senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyue Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), China; Laboratory of Stem Cell & Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Xinqiao Street 83, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xianjin Bi
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), China
| | - Yinghui Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), China
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), China.
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55
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Nevado RM, Hamczyk MR, Gonzalo P, Andrés-Manzano MJ, Andrés V. Premature Vascular Aging with Features of Plaque Vulnerability in an Atheroprone Mouse Model of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome with Ldlr Deficiency. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102252. [PMID: 33049978 PMCID: PMC7601818 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is among the most devastating of the laminopathies, rare genetic diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding nuclear lamina proteins. HGPS patients age prematurely and die in adolescence, typically of atherosclerosis-associated complications. The mechanisms of HGPS-related atherosclerosis are not fully understood due to the scarcity of patient-derived samples and the availability of only one atheroprone mouse model of the disease. Here, we generated a new atherosusceptible model of HGPS by crossing progeroid LmnaG609G/G609G mice, which carry a disease-causing mutation in the Lmna gene, with Ldlr−/− mice, a commonly used preclinical atherosclerosis model. Ldlr−/−LmnaG609G/G609G mice aged prematurely and had reduced body weight and survival. Compared with control mice, Ldlr−/−LmnaG609G/G609G mouse aortas showed a higher atherosclerosis burden and structural abnormalities typical of HGPS patients, including vascular smooth muscle cell depletion in the media, adventitial thickening, and elastin structure alterations. Atheromas of Ldlr−/−LmnaG609G/G609G mice had features of unstable plaques, including the presence of erythrocytes and iron deposits and reduced smooth muscle cell and collagen content. Ldlr−/−LmnaG609G/G609G mice faithfully recapitulate vascular features found in patients and thus provide a new tool for studying the mechanisms of HGPS-related atherosclerosis and for testing therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Aging, Premature/metabolism
- Aging, Premature/physiopathology
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Lamin Type A/genetics
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Mutation
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Nuclear Lamina/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism
- Progeria/metabolism
- Progeria/physiopathology
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Nevado
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.N.); (P.G.); (M.J.A.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Magda R. Hamczyk
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.N.); (P.G.); (M.J.A.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Pilar Gonzalo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.N.); (P.G.); (M.J.A.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Andrés-Manzano
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.N.); (P.G.); (M.J.A.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.N.); (P.G.); (M.J.A.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-453-1200
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56
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Progeria, atherosclerosis and clonal hematopoiesis: links and future perspectives. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 192:111365. [PMID: 33007346 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The main actors of this review are Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) and atherosclerosis. HGPS is a very rare disease with no definitively approved specific drugs. Atherosclerosis is a very common disease with a more consolidated treatment strategy. Nevertheless, common mechanisms are shared by both these diseases, particularly related to inflammation, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Pathways regulated by Nuclear factor E2 related factor (Nrf2), Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and related to the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and ER stress are receiving increasing attention. In HGPS "not omnia" happen(s) "cum tempore", that means that HGPS patients have atherosclerotic complications before their time. The third actor is clonal hematopoiesis: it constitutes a link between ageing and atherosclerosis. This review aims to analyse the current knowledge of atherosclerosis and clonal hematopoiesis in order to suggest therapeutic strategies to correct the timing of the atherosclerosis progression in HGPS. The goal for HGPS is a shift from "not omnia cum tempore" to "omnia cum tempore" in terms of significant lifespan extension by postponing atherosclerosis-related complications.
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57
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Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Atherosclerosis and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9270107. [PMID: 32963706 PMCID: PMC7499294 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9270107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely associated with atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It occurs due to various pathological factors that interfere with ER homeostasis, resulting in the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen, thereby causing ER dysfunction. Here, we discuss the role of ER stress in different types of cells in atherosclerotic lesions. This discussion includes the activation of apoptotic and inflammatory pathways induced by prolonged ER stress, especially in advanced lesional macrophages and endothelial cells (ECs), as well as common atherosclerosis-related ER stressors in different lesional cells, which all contribute to the clinical progression of atherosclerosis. In view of the important role of ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways in atherosclerosis and CVDs, targeting these processes to reduce ER stress may be a novel therapeutic strategy.
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58
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Okuno K, Cicalese S, Elliott KJ, Kawai T, Hashimoto T, Eguchi S. Targeting Molecular Mechanism of Vascular Smooth Muscle Senescence Induced by Angiotensin II, A Potential Therapy via Senolytics and Senomorphics. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186579. [PMID: 32916794 PMCID: PMC7555774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a prevalent issue in the global aging population. Premature vascular aging such as elevated arterial stiffness appears to be a major risk factor for CVD. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are one of the essential parts of arterial pathology and prone to stress-induced senescence. The pervasiveness of senescent VSMCs in the vasculature increases with age and can be further expedited by various stressing events such as oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and chronic inflammation. Angiotensin II (AngII) can induce many of these responses in VSMCs and is thus considered a key regulator of VSMC senescence associated with CVD. Understanding the precise mechanisms and consequences of senescent cell accumulation may uncover a new generation of therapies including senolytic and senomorphic compounds against CVD. Accordingly, in this review article, we discuss potential molecular mechanisms of VSMC senescence such as those induced by AngII and the therapeutic manipulations of senescence to control age-related CVD and associated conditions such as by senolytic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Okuno
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.O.); (S.C.); (K.J.E.); (T.K.)
| | - Stephanie Cicalese
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.O.); (S.C.); (K.J.E.); (T.K.)
| | - Katherine J. Elliott
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.O.); (S.C.); (K.J.E.); (T.K.)
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.O.); (S.C.); (K.J.E.); (T.K.)
| | - Tomoki Hashimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurobiology, Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA;
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.O.); (S.C.); (K.J.E.); (T.K.)
- Correspondence:
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59
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Bersini S, Schulte R, Huang L, Tsai H, Hetzer MW. Direct reprogramming of human smooth muscle and vascular endothelial cells reveals defects associated with aging and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. eLife 2020; 9:54383. [PMID: 32896271 PMCID: PMC7478891 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dysfunctions are a common feature of multiple age-related diseases. However, modeling healthy and pathological aging of the human vasculature represents an unresolved experimental challenge. Here, we generated induced vascular endothelial cells (iVECs) and smooth muscle cells (iSMCs) by direct reprogramming of healthy human fibroblasts from donors of different ages and Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) patients. iVECs induced from old donors revealed upregulation of GSTM1 and PALD1, genes linked to oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial junction stability, as vascular aging markers. A functional assay performed on PALD1 KD VECs demonstrated a recovery in vascular permeability. We found that iSMCs from HGPS donors overexpressed bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)−4, which plays a key role in both vascular calcification and endothelial barrier damage observed in HGPS. Strikingly, BMP4 concentrations are higher in serum from HGPS vs. age-matched mice. Furthermore, targeting BMP4 with blocking antibody recovered the functionality of the vascular barrier in vitro, hence representing a potential future therapeutic strategy to limit cardiovascular dysfunction in HGPS. These results show that iVECs and iSMCs retain disease-related signatures, allowing modeling of vascular aging and HGPS in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bersini
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States.,Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at The Salk Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Roberta Schulte
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ling Huang
- The Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core (IGC), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Hannah Tsai
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Martin W Hetzer
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
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60
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Fanjul V, Jorge I, Camafeita E, Macías Á, González‐Gómez C, Barettino A, Dorado B, Andrés‐Manzano MJ, Rivera‐Torres J, Vázquez J, López‐Otín C, Andrés V. Identification of common cardiometabolic alterations and deregulated pathways in mouse and pig models of aging. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13203. [PMID: 32729659 PMCID: PMC7511870 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the main risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, which have become a global concern as the world population ages. These diseases and the aging process are exacerbated in Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS or progeria). Here, we evaluated the cardiometabolic disease in animal models of premature and normal aging with the aim of identifying alterations that are shared or specific to each condition. Despite differences in body composition and metabolic markers, prematurely and normally aging mice developed heart failure and similar cardiac electrical abnormalities. High‐throughput proteomics of the hearts of progeric and normally aged mice revealed altered protein oxidation and glycation, as well as dysregulated pathways regulating energy metabolism, proteostasis, gene expression, and cardiac muscle contraction. These results were corroborated in the hearts of progeric pigs, underscoring the translational potential of our findings, which could help in the design of strategies to prevent or slow age‐related cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Fanjul
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de Medicina Instituto Universitario de Oncología Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
| | - Inmaculada Jorge
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
| | - Emilio Camafeita
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
| | - Álvaro Macías
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
| | - Cristina González‐Gómez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
| | - Ana Barettino
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
| | - Beatriz Dorado
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
| | - María Jesús Andrés‐Manzano
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
| | - José Rivera‐Torres
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
| | - Carlos López‐Otín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de Medicina Instituto Universitario de Oncología Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cáncer (CIBERONC) Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Spain
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Song P, Zhao Q, Zou MH. Targeting senescent cells to attenuate cardiovascular disease progression. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 60:101072. [PMID: 32298812 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common disease to increase as life expectancy increases. Most high-profile pharmacological treatments for age-related CVD have led to inefficacious results, implying that novel approaches to treating these pathologies are needed. Emerging data have demonstrated that senescent cardiovascular cells, which are characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest and a distinct senescence-associated secretory phenotype, accumulate in aged or diseased cardiovascular systems, suggesting that they may impair cardiovascular function. This review discusses the evidence implicating senescent cells in cardiovascular ageing, the onset and progression of CVD, and the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiovascular cell senescence. We also review eradication of senescent cardiovascular cells by small-molecule-drug-mediated apoptosis and immune cell-mediated efferocytosis and toxicity as promising and precisely targeted therapeutics for CVD prevention and treatment.
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Lai W, Wong W. Progress and trends in the development of therapies for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13175. [PMID: 32596971 PMCID: PMC7370734 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an autosomal-dominant genetic disease that leads to accelerated aging and often premature death caused by cardiovascular complications. Till now clinical management of HGPS has largely relied on the treatment of manifestations and on the prevention of secondary complications, cure for the disease has not yet been established. Addressing this need cannot only benefit progeria patients but may also provide insights into intervention design for combating physiological aging. By using the systematic review approach, this article revisits the overall progress in the development of strategies for HGPS treatment over the last ten years, from 2010 to 2019. In total, 1,906 articles have been retrieved, of which 56 studies have been included for further analysis. Based on the articles analyzed, the trends in the use of different HGPS models, along with the prevalence, efficiency, and limitations of different reported treatment strategies, have been examined. Emerging strategies for preclinical studies, and possible targets for intervention development, have also been presented as avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing‐Fu Lai
- School of Life and Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) Shenzhen China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China
| | - Wing‐Tak Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China
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Dong Q, Chen Y, Liu W, Liu X, Chen A, Yang X, Li Y, Wang S, Fu M, Ou JS, Lu L, Yan J. 25-Hydroxycholesterol promotes vascular calcification via activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 880:173165. [PMID: 32423869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a highly regulated process similar to osteogenesis involving phenotypic change of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). 25-Hydroxycholesterol (25-HC), one of oxysterols synthesized by the enzyme cholesterol 25-hydroxylase, has been shown to promote bovine calcifying vascular cells (CVC) calcification. However, whether and how 25-HC regulates vascular calcification are not completely understood. In this study, in vitro and ex vivo models of vascular calcification were used to determine whether 25-HC regulates vascular calcification. Alizarin red staining and calcium content assay showed that 25-HC treatment promoted calcification of rat and human VSMCs in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, ex vivo study further confirmed that 25-HC accelerated calcification of rat aortic rings. In addition, western blot analysis showed that 25-HC significantly up-regulated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) signaling molecules including ATF4 and CHOP in VSMCs and flow cytometry analysis revealed that 25-HC increased apoptosis of VSMCs. Moreover, knockdown of CHOP by siRNA blocked 25-HC-induced mineral deposition in VSMCs. Collectively, this study for the first time demonstrates that 25-HC promotes vascular calcification via ATF4/CHOP signaling using in vitro and ex vivo models, suggesting that ERS is involved in the regulation of 25-HC-induced vascular calcification.
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MESH Headings
- Activating Transcription Factor 4/metabolism
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/cytology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects
- Humans
- Hydroxycholesterols/pharmacology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Transcription Factor CHOP/genetics
- Vascular Calcification/chemically induced
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, China
| | - Yanting Chen
- Department of Pathophysiolgy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Wantao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, China
| | - Xiulin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, China
| | - Yining Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, China
| | - Mingwei Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, China
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Lihe Lu
- Department of Pathophysiolgy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, China.
| | - Jianyun Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, China.
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Chen J, Pi S, Yu C, Shi H, Liu Y, Guo X, Zhou L, Li Y, He H, Xia Y, Mao L, Hu B. sLRP1 (Soluble Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1): A Novel Biomarker for P2Y12 (P2Y Purinoceptor 12) Receptor Expression in Atherosclerotic Plaques. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:e166-e179. [PMID: 32349534 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies suggest that the P2Y12 (P2Y purinoceptor 12) receptor of vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic plaques aggravates atherosclerosis, and P2Y12 receptor inhibitors such as CDL (clopidogrel) may effectively treat atherosclerosis. It is imperative to identify an effective biomarker for reflecting the P2Y12 receptor expression on vascular smooth muscle cells in plaques. Approach and Results: We found that there was a positive correlation between the level of circulating sLRP1 (soluble low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1) and the number of LRP1+ α-SMA+ (α-smooth muscle actin), P2Y12+, or P2Y12+ LRP1+ cells in plaques from apoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet. Furthermore, activation of the P2Y12 receptor increased the expression and shedding of LRP1 in vascular smooth muscle cells by inhibiting cAMP (3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate)/PKA (protein kinase A)/SREBP-2 (sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2). Conversely, genetic knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of the P2Y12 receptor had the opposite effects. Additionally, CDL decreased the number of lesional LRP1+ α-SMA+ cells and the levels of circulating sLRP1 by activating cAMP/PKA/SREBP-2 in apoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that sLRP1 may be a biomarker that reflects the P2Y12 receptor level in plaques and has the potential to be an indicator for administering P2Y12 receptor inhibitors for patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefang Chen
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shulan Pi
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Department of Ultrasound (C.Y.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanqing Shi
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxiao Liu
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui He
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanpeng Xia
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Mao
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Hu
- From the Department of Neurology (J.C., S.P., H.S., Y. Liu, X.G., L.Z., Y. Li, H.H., Y.X., L.M., B.H.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Di Pasquale E, Condorelli G. Endoplasmic reticulum stress at the crossroads of progeria and atherosclerosis. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 11:emmm.201910360. [PMID: 30902910 PMCID: PMC6460347 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201910360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare pathology caused by a specific mutation (c.1824C>T; p.G608G) in the LMNA gene (Eriksson et al, 2003). In healthy conditions, LMNA encodes lamins A and C, two major structural nuclear proteins. The mutation creates a splice site in exon 11, resulting in ubiquitous expression of progerin, an aberrant lamin A precursor. Mutations of LMNA can cause laminopathies, a group of diseases with a wide spectrum of, often overlapping, tissue‐specific phenotypes. HGPS is probably one of the most devastating forms of laminopathy. Affected patients display signs of accelerated aging, such as lack of subcutaneous fat, hair loss, joint contractures, and skin thinning, and usually die prematurely from cardiovascular complications. Atherosclerosis is one of the most severe and clinically relevant features of HGPS, manifesting in the absence of classical risk factors, such as increased low‐density lipoprotein and C‐reactive protein (Gordon et al, 2005). In this issue, Hamczyk et al (2019) describe a mechanism for HGPS‐related atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Di Pasquale
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - Milan Unit, National Research Council, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - Milan Unit, National Research Council, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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66
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Guilbert SM, Cardoso D, Lévy N, Muchir A, Nissan X. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome: Rejuvenating old drugs to fight accelerated ageing. Methods 2020; 190:3-12. [PMID: 32278808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
What if the next generation of successful treatments was hidden in the current pharmacopoeia? Identifying new indications for existing drugs, also called the drug repurposing or drug rediscovery process, is a highly efficient and low-cost strategy. First reported almost a century ago, drug repurposing has emerged as a valuable therapeutic option for diseases that do not have specific treatments and rare diseases, in particular. This review focuses on Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a rare genetic disorder that induces accelerated and precocious aging, for which drug repurposing has led to the discovery of several potential treatments over the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solenn M Guilbert
- CECS, I-STEM AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 28 rue Henri Desbruères, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Déborah Cardoso
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Lévy
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMRS910: Génétique médicale et Génomique fonctionnelle, Faculté de médecine Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Muchir
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Xavier Nissan
- CECS, I-STEM AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 28 rue Henri Desbruères, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
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67
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Saxena S, Kumar S. Pharmacotherapy to gene editing: potential therapeutic approaches for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. GeroScience 2020; 42:467-494. [PMID: 32048129 PMCID: PMC7205988 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), commonly called progeria, is an extremely rare disorder that affects only one child per four million births. It is characterized by accelerated aging in affected individuals leading to premature death at an average age of 14.5 years due to cardiovascular complications. The main cause of HGPS is a sporadic autosomal dominant point mutation in LMNA gene resulting in differently spliced lamin A protein known as progerin. Accumulation of progerin under nuclear lamina and activation of its downstream effectors cause perturbation in cellular morphology and physiology which leads to a systemic disorder that mainly impairs the cardiovascular system, bones, skin, and overall growth. Till now, no cure has been found for this catastrophic disorder; however, several therapeutic strategies are under development. The current review focuses on the overall progress in the field of therapeutic approaches for the management/cure of HGPS. We have also discussed the new disease models that have been developed for the study of this rare disorder. Moreover, we have highlighted the therapeutic application of extracellular vesicles derived from stem cells against aging and aging-related disorders and, therefore, suggest the same for the treatment of HGPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Saxena
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar - Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar - Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
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Pi S, Mao L, Chen J, Shi H, Liu Y, Guo X, Li Y, Zhou L, He H, Yu C, Liu J, Dang Y, Xia Y, He Q, Jin H, Li Y, Hu Y, Miao Y, Yue Z, Hu B. The P2RY12 receptor promotes VSMC-derived foam cell formation by inhibiting autophagy in advanced atherosclerosis. Autophagy 2020; 17:980-1000. [PMID: 32160082 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1741202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are an important source of foam cells in atherosclerosis. The mechanism for VSMC-derived foam cell formation is, however, poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the P2RY12/P2Y12 receptor is important in regulating macroautophagy/autophagy and VSMC-derived foam cell formation in advanced atherosclerosis. Inhibition of the P2RY12 receptor ameliorated lipid accumulation and VSMC-derived foam cell formation in high-fat diet-fed apoe-/- mice (atherosclerosis model) independent of LDL-c levels. Activation of the P2RY12 receptor blocked cholesterol efflux via PI3K-AKT, while genetic knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of the P2RY12 receptor inhibited this effect in VSMCs. Phosphoproteomic analysis showed that the P2RY12 receptor regulated the autophagy pathway in VSMCs. Additionally, activation of the P2RY12 receptor inhibited MAP1LC3/LC3 maturation, SQSTM1 degradation, and autophagosome formation in VSMCs. Genetic knockdown of the essential autophagy gene Atg5 significantly attenuated P2RY12 receptor inhibitor-induced cholesterol efflux in VSMCs. Furthermore, activation of the P2RY12 receptor led to the activation of MTOR through PI3K-AKT in VSMCs, whereas blocking MTOR activity (rapamycin) or reducing MTOR expression reversed the inhibition of cholesterol efflux mediated by the P2RY12 receptor in VSMCs. In vivo, inhibition of the P2RY12 receptor promoted autophagy of VSMCs through PI3K-AKT-MTOR in advanced atherosclerosis in apoe-/- mice, which could be impeded by an autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine). Therefore, we conclude that activation of the P2RY12 receptor decreases cholesterol efflux and promotes VSMC-derived foam cell formation by blocking autophagy in advanced atherosclerosis. Our study thus suggests that the P2RY12 receptor is a therapeutic target for treating atherosclerosis.Abbreviations: 2-MeSAMP: 2-methylthioadenosine 5'-monophosphate; 8-CPT-cAMP: 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-adenosine-3',5'-cyclic-monophosphate; ABCA1: ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1; ABCG1: ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1; ACTB: actin beta; ADPβs: adenosine 5'-(alpha, beta-methylene) diphosphate; ALs: autolysosomes; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; APOA1: apolipoprotein A1; APs: autophagosomes; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATV: atorvastatin; AVs: autophagic vacuoles; CD: chow diet; CDL: clopidogrel; CQ: chloroquine; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; dbcAMP: dibutyryl-cAMP; DIL-oxLDL: dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylin docarbocyanine-oxLDL; EIF4EBP1/4E-BP1: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1; EVG: elastic van gieson; HE: hematoxylin-eosin; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; HFD: high-fat diet; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDs: lipid droplets; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; Masson: masson trichrome; MCPT: maximal carotid plaque thickness; MK2206: MK-2206 2HCL; NBD-cholesterol: 22-(N-[7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl] amino)-23,24-bisnor-5-cholen-3β-ol; OLR1/LOX-1: oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1; ORO: oil Red O; ox-LDL: oxidized low-density lipoprotein; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TIC: ticagrelor; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; VSMCs: vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulan Pi
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Mao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiefang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanqing Shi
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxiao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianyong Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiping Dang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanpeng Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Quanwei He
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijuan Jin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiliang Miao
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of Neurology, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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69
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del Campo L, Sánchez-López A, González-Gómez C, Andrés-Manzano MJ, Dorado B, Andrés V. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell-Specific Progerin Expression Provokes Contractile Impairment in a Mouse Model of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome that Is Ameliorated by Nitrite Treatment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030656. [PMID: 32182706 PMCID: PMC7140649 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death worldwide, and aging is its leading risk factor. Aging is much accelerated in Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), an ultra-rare genetic disorder provoked by the ubiquitous expression of a mutant protein called progerin. HGPS patients die in their teens, primarily due to cardiovascular complications. The primary causes of age-associated CVD are endothelial dysfunction and dysregulated vascular tone; however, their contribution to progerin-induced CVD remains poorly characterized. In the present study, we found that progeroid LmnaG609G/G609G mice with ubiquitous progerin expression show both endothelial dysfunction and severe contractile impairment. To assess the relative contribution of specific vascular cell types to these anomalies, we examined LmnaLCS/LCSTie2Cretg/+ and LmnaLCS/LCSSm22αCretg/+ mice, which express progerin specifically in endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), respectively. Whereas vessel contraction was impaired in mice with VSMC-specific progerin expression, we observed no endothelial dysfunction in mice with progerin expression restricted to VSMCs or ECs. Vascular tone regulation in progeroid mice was ameliorated by dietary sodium nitrite supplementation. Our results identify VSMCs as the main cell type causing contractile impairment in a mouse model of HGPS that is ameliorated by nitrite treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara del Campo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Amanda Sánchez-López
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Cristina González-Gómez
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - María Jesús Andrés-Manzano
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Beatriz Dorado
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.C.); (A.S.-L.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.A.-M.); (B.D.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-453-1200
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Kreienkamp R, Gonzalo S. Metabolic Dysfunction in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020395. [PMID: 32046343 PMCID: PMC7072593 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a segmental premature aging disease causing patient death by early teenage years from cardiovascular dysfunction. Although HGPS does not totally recapitulate normal aging, it does harbor many similarities to the normal aging process, with patients also developing cardiovascular disease, alopecia, bone and joint abnormalities, and adipose changes. It is unsurprising, then, that as physicians and scientists have searched for treatments for HGPS, they have targeted many pathways known to be involved in normal aging, including inflammation, DNA damage, epigenetic changes, and stem cell exhaustion. Although less studied at a mechanistic level, severe metabolic problems are observed in HGPS patients. Interestingly, new research in animal models of HGPS has demonstrated impressive lifespan improvements secondary to metabolic interventions. As such, further understanding metabolism, its contribution to HGPS, and its therapeutic potential has far-reaching ramifications for this disease still lacking a robust treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Kreienkamp
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics Residency, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63105, USA;
| | - Susana Gonzalo
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-314-977-9244
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71
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Wang W, Wang J, Lin W, Kao C, Hung M, Teng Y, Tsai T, Chi Y. Progerin in muscle leads to thermogenic and metabolic defects via impaired calcium homeostasis. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13090. [PMID: 31833196 PMCID: PMC6996945 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in lamin A (LMNA) are responsible for a variety of human dystrophic and metabolic diseases. Here, we created a mouse model in which progerin, the lamin A mutant protein that causes Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), can be inducibly overexpressed. Muscle‐specific overexpression of progerin was sufficient to induce muscular dystrophy and alter whole‐body energy expenditure, leading to premature death. Intriguingly, sarcolipin (Sln), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐associated protein involved in heat production, is upregulated in progerin‐expressing and Lmna knockout (Lmna−/−) skeletal muscle. The depletion of Sln accelerated the early death of Lmna−/− mice. An examination at the molecular level revealed that progerin recruits Sln and Calnexin to the nuclear periphery. Furthermore, progerin‐expressing myoblasts presented enhanced store‐operated Ca2+ entry, as well as increased co‐localization of STIM1 and ORAI1. These findings suggest that progerin dysregulates calcium homeostasis through an interaction with a subset of ER‐associated proteins, resulting in thermogenic and metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan‐Ping Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
| | - Jing‐Ya Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
| | - Wen‐Hsin Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Heng Kao
- Center of General Education Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Ming‐Chun Hung
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
| | - Yuan‐Chi Teng
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences National Yang‐Ming University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ting‐Fen Tsai
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences National Yang‐Ming University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ya‐Hui Chi
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
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72
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Villa-Bellosta R. New treatments for progeria. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11801-11802. [PMID: 31866585 PMCID: PMC6949067 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Villa-Bellosta
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Fundación Jiménez Díaz (FIIS-FJD), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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New Insights for Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Aging-Related Diseases: Herbal Medicine as Potential Therapeutic Approach. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4598167. [PMID: 31915506 PMCID: PMC6930799 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4598167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a progressive disease affecting around 900 million people worldwide, and in recent years, the mechanism of aging and aging-related diseases has been well studied. Treatments for aging-related diseases have also made progress. For the long-term treatment of aging-related diseases, herbal medicine is particularly suitable for drug discovery. In this review, we discuss cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging and aging-related diseases, including oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy and exosome interactions, mitochondrial injury, and telomerase damage, and summarize commonly used herbals and compounds concerned with the development of aging-related diseases, including Ginkgo biloba, ginseng, Panax notoginseng, Radix astragali, Lycium barbarum, Rhodiola rosea, Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, resveratrol, curcumin, and flavonoids. We also summarize key randomized controlled trials of herbal medicine for aging-related diseases during the past ten years. Adverse reactions of herbs were also described. It is expected to provide new insights for slowing aging and treating aging-related diseases with herbal medicine.
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ER Stress Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome: A Novel Mechanism of Atherosclerosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3462530. [PMID: 31687078 PMCID: PMC6800950 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3462530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important organelle that regulates several fundamental cellular processes, and ER dysfunction has implications for many intracellular events. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an intracellularly produced macromolecular complex that can trigger pyroptosis and inflammation, and its activation is induced by a variety of signals. ER stress has been found to affect NLRP3 inflammasome activation through multiple effects including the unfolded protein response (UPR), calcium or lipid metabolism, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Intriguingly, the role of ER stress in inflammasome activation has not attracted a great deal of attention. In addition, increasing evidence highlights that both ER stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation contribute to atherosclerosis (AS). AS is a common cardiovascular disease with complex pathogenesis, and the precise mechanisms behind its pathogenesis remain to be determined. Both ER stress and the NLRP3 inflammasome have emerged as critical individual contributors of AS, and owing to the multiple associations between these two events, we speculate that they contribute to the mechanisms of pathogenesis in AS. In this review, we aim to summarize the molecular mechanisms of ER stress, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and the cross talk between these two pathways in AS in the hopes of providing new pharmacological targets for AS treatment.
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Xu S, Jin ZG. Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome: Cardiovascular Pathologies and Potential Therapies. Trends Biochem Sci 2019; 44:561-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Therapeutic Target Identified for Slowing Early Atherosclerosis in Progeria: Researchers have identifi ed a new molecular mechanism involved in the premature development of atherosclerosis in progeria. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:881-882. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.40450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Messner M, Ghadge SK, Schuetz T, Seiringer H, Pölzl G, Zaruba MM. High Body Mass Index is Associated with Elevated Blood Levels of Progerin mRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081976. [PMID: 31018503 PMCID: PMC6515652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a well-described risk factor resulting in premature aging of the cardiovascular system ultimately limiting longevity. Premature cardiac death and aging is the hallmark of Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome (HGPS), a disease caused by defined mutations in the lamin A gene leading to a shortened prelamin A protein known as progerin. Since small amounts of progerin are expressed in healthy individuals we aimed to investigate the association of Body-Mass-Index (BMI) with respect to expression of progerin mRNA in blood samples of patient with known cardiovascular disease. In this cross-sectional retrospective analysis, 111 patients were consecutively included of which 46 were normal (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and 65 overweight (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2). Blood samples were analyzed for quantitative expression of progerin mRNA. Progerin as well as high-sensitive C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) levels were significantly upregulated in the overweight group. Linear regression analyses showed a significant positive correlation of BMI and progerin mRNA (n = 111; r = 0.265, p = 0.005), as well as for hs-CRP (n = 110; r = 0.300, p = 0.001) and for Hb1Ac (n = 110; r = 0.336, p = 0.0003). Our data suggest that BMI strongly correlates with progerin mRNA expression and inflammation. Progerin might contribute to well described accelerated biologic aging in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Messner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Santhosh Kumar Ghadge
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Thomas Schuetz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Herbert Seiringer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Gerhard Pölzl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Marc-Michael Zaruba
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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