51
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Seyed Hashemi SG, Hosseinnezhad S, Dini S, Griffiths MD, Lin CY, Pakpour AH. The mediating effect of the cyberchondria and anxiety sensitivity in the association between problematic internet use, metacognition beliefs, and fear of COVID-19 among Iranian online population. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05135. [PMID: 33072911 PMCID: PMC7547399 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid growth of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), individuals may try to find related medical information using the internet to overcome their fears. Under such circumstances, individuals with the features of cyberchondria, anxiety sensitivity, and metacognitive beliefs in negative thoughts may suffer more fears than those without these features. Therefore, the present study proposed a model to understand the associations between problematic internet use (PIU), cyberchondria, anxiety sensitivity, metacognition beliefs, and fear of COVID-19. Utilizing a cross-sectional online survey, 651 Iranians completed the following psychometric scales: Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaire (ASI), Cyberchondria Severity Scale-Short Form (CSS-12), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), and Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale (GPIUS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the proposed model via several fit indices. The indices include Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), comparative fit index (CFI), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). The fit indices (CFI = 0.948, TLI = 0.938, RMSEA = 0.053, and SRMR = 0.001) indicated the good fit between the data and the proposed model. Moreover, fear of COVID-19 was significantly and directly predicted by cyberchondria (β = 0.479, p < .001) and anxiety sensitivity (β = 0.286, p < .001). The relationship between PIU and cyberchondria with fear of COVID-19 was mediated significantly by anxiety sensitivity and metacognitive beliefs. Because fear of COVID-19 was found to be significantly associated with cyberchondria and anxiety sensitivity, healthcare providers may want to provide additional support for those with cyberchondria and anxiety sensitivity tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ghasem Seyed Hashemi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Solmaz Dini
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Bonab Branch, Payame Noor University, Bonab, Iran
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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52
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Tajbakhsh A, Gheibi Hayat SM, Taghizadeh H, Akbari A, Inabadi M, Savardashtaki A, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. COVID-19 and cardiac injury: clinical manifestations, biomarkers, mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment, and follow up. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2020; 19:345-357. [PMID: 32921216 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1822737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has the characteristics of high transmission, diverse clinical manifestations, and a long incubation period. In addition to infecting the respiratory system, COVID-19 also has adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. COVID-19 causes acute myocardial injuries, as well as chronic damage to the cardiovascular system. AREAS COVERED The present review is aimed at providing current information on COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system. PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, and Google Scholar were searched. EXPERT OPINION It is suggested that heart injury caused by COVID-19 infection might be an important cause of severe clinical phenotypes or adverse events in affected patients. Myocardial damage is closely related to the severity of the disease and even the prognosis in patients with COVID-19. In addition to disorders that are caused by COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system, more protection should be employed for patients with preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hence, it is very important that once relevant symptoms appear, patients with COVID-19 be rapidly treated to reduce mortality. Thus, early measurements of cardiac damage via biomarkers following hospitalization for COVID-19 infections in a patient with preexisting CVD are recommended, together with careful monitoring of any myocardial injury that might be caused by the infection.Abbreviations: ICU: An intensive care unit; 2019-nCoV: 2019 novel coronavirus; ACEI: ACE inhibitor; ACS: Acute coronary syndrome; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; AT1R: Ang II type 1 receptor; ATP: Adenosine triphosphate; ACC: American College of Cardiology; ACE: Angiotensin converting enzyme; Ang II: Angiotensin II; ARB: Angiotensin II receptor blocker; AV block: Atrioventricular block; CAD: Coronary artery disease; CVD: Cardiovascular disease; CT: Computerized tomography; CHF: Congestive heart failure; CHD: Coronary heart disease; CK-MB: Creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB; CRP: C-reactive protein; cTnI: Cardiac troponin I; EAT: Epicardial adipose tissue; ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; FDA: Food and Drug Administration; G-CSF: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; HFrEF: HF with a reduced ejection fraction; synhACE2: Human isoform of ACE2; IL: Interleukin; IABP: Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation; IP10: Interferon γ-induced protein 10 kDa; LPC: Lysophosphatidylcholine; Mas: Mitochondrial assembly receptor; MCP1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MERS: Middle East respiratory syndrome; MIP1a: macrophage inflammatory protein 1a: MOF: Multiple organ failure; MI: Myocardial infarction; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; MYO: Myohe-moglobin; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; PCPS: Percutaneous cardiopulmonary assistance; rhACE2: Recombinant human ACE2; SARS: Severe acute respiratory syndrome; Th: T helper; RAS: Renin-angiotensin system; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; WHO: World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibi Hayat
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hajar Taghizadeh
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbari
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Inabadi
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Branch, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies' Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
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53
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Horgan D, Hackett J, Westphalen CB, Kalra D, Richer E, Romao M, Andreu AL, Lal JA, Bernini C, Tumiene B, Boccia S, Montserrat A. Digitalisation and COVID-19: The Perfect Storm. Biomed Hub 2020; 5:1341-1363. [PMID: 33564668 PMCID: PMC7573902 DOI: 10.1159/000511232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
“A ship in the harbour is safe, but that is not what ships are built for,” observed that sage 19th century philosopher William Shedd. In other words, technology of high potential is of little value if the potential is not exploited. As the shape of 2020 is increasingly defined by the coronavirus pandemic, digitalisation is like a ship loaded with technology that has a huge capacity for transforming mankind's combat against infectious disease. But it is still moored safely in harbour. Instead of sailing bravely into battle, it remains at the dockside, cowering from the storm beyond the breakwaters. Engineers and fitters constantly fine-tune it, and its officers and deckhands perfect their operating procedures, but that promise is unfulfilled, restrained by the hesitancy and indecision of officialdom. Out there, the seas of the pandemic are turbulent and uncharted, and it is impossible to know in advance everything of the other dangers that may lurk beyond those cloudy horizons. However, the more noble course is for orders to be given to complete the preparations, to cast off and set sail, and to join other vessels crewed by valiant healthcare workers and tireless researchers, already deeply engaged in a rescue mission for the whole of the human race. It is the destiny of digitalisation to navigate those oceans alongside other members of that task force, and the hour of destiny has arrived. This article focuses on the potential enablers and recommendation to maximise learnings during the era of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Horgan
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - C Benedikt Westphalen
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Centre Munich, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dipak Kalra
- The European Institute for Innovation through Health Data (i-HD), Gent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Jonathan A Lal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj, India.,Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Institute for Public Health Genomics, GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Chiara Bernini
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Birute Tumiene
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Sezione di Igiene, Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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54
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Nugroho J, Wardhana A, Maghfirah I, Mulia EPB, Rachmi DA, A'yun MQ, Septianda I. Relationship of D-dimer with severity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 patients : A meta-analysis. Int J Lab Hematol 2020; 43:110-115. [PMID: 32931146 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic. Many studies have shown that several laboratory parameters are related to disease severity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 cases. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the relationship of a prognostic factor, D-dimer, with disease severity, need for intensive care unit (ICU) care, and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 patients. METHODS A systematic search for all observational studies and trials involving adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 that had any data related to D-dimer on admission was conducted using PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, ProQuest, and MedRxiv databases. We performed random-effects inverse-variance weighting analysis using mean difference (MD) of D-dimer values for outcomes such as disease severity, mortality, and need for ICU care. RESULTS A total of 29 studies (4,328 patients) were included in this meta-analysis, which revealed a higher mean of D-dimer levels on admission in severe patients than in nonsevere patients (MD = 0.95, [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61-1.28], P < .05; I2 = 90%). The nonsurvivor group had a higher pooled MD of D-dimer values on admission (MD = 5.54 [95% CI: 3.40-7.67], P < .05; I2 = 90%). Patients who needed ICU admission had insignificantly higher D-dimer values than patients who did not need ICU admission (MD = 0.29, [95% CI: -0.05 to 0.63], P = .10; I2 = 71%). CONCLUSION Elevated D-dimer levels on admission were associated with an increased risk of disease severity and mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanes Nugroho
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ardyan Wardhana
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
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55
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Horgan D, Ciliberto G, Conte P, Baldwin D, Seijo L, Montuenga LM, Paz-Ares L, Garassino M, Penault-Llorca F, Galli F, Ray-Coquard I, Querleu D, Capoluongo E, Banerjee S, Riegman P, Kerr K, Horbach B, Büttner R, Van Poppel H, Bjartell A, Codacci-Pisanelli G, Westphalen B, Calvo F, Koeva-Balabanova J, Hall S, Paradiso A, Kalra D, Cobbaert C, Varea Menendez R, Maravic Z, Fotaki V, Bennouna J, Cauchin E, Malats N, Gutiérrez-Ibarluzea I, Gannon B, Mastris K, Bernini C, Gallagher W, Buglioni S, Kent A, Munzone E, Belina I, Van Meerbeeck J, Duffy M, Sarnowska E, Jagielska B, Mee S, Curigliano G. Bringing Greater Accuracy to Europe's Healthcare Systems: The Unexploited Potential of Biomarker Testing in Oncology. Biomed Hub 2020; 5:182-223. [PMID: 33564664 DOI: 10.1159/000511209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid and continuing advances in biomarker testing are not being matched by take-up in health systems, and this is hampering both patient care and innovation. It also risks costing health systems the opportunity to make their services more efficient and, over time, more economical. This paper sets out the potential of biomarker testing, the unfolding precision and range of possible diagnosis and prediction, and the many obstacles to adoption. It offers case studies of biomarker testing in breast, ovarian, prostate, lung, thyroid and colon cancers, and derives specific lessons as to the potential and actual use of each of them. It also draws lessons about how to improve access and alignment, and to remedy the data deficiencies that impede development. And it suggests solutions to outstanding issues - notably including funding and the tangled web of obtaining reimbursement or equivalent coverage that Europe's fragmented health system implies. It urges a European evolution towards an initial minimum testing scenario, which would guarantee universal access to a suite of biomarker tests for the currently most common conditions, and, further into the future, to an optimum testing scenario in which a much wider range of biomarker tests would be introduced and become part of a more sophisticated health system articulated around personalised medicine. For exploiting genomics to the full, it argues the need for a new policy framework for Europe. Biomarker testing is not an issue that can be treated in isolation, since the purpose of testing is to improve health. Its use is therefore always closely linked to specific health challenges and needs to be viewed in the broader policy context in the EU and more widely. The paper is the result of extensive engagement with experts and decision makers to develop the framework, and consequently represents a wide consensus of views on how healthcare systems should respond from push and pull factors at local, national and cross-border and EU level. It contains strong views and clear recommendations springing from the convictions of patients, clinicians, academics, medicines authorities, HTA bodies, payers, the diagnostic, pharmaceutical and ICT industries, and national policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Horgan
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - David Baldwin
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Luis Seijo
- Clinica Universidad de Navarra, CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Montuenga
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra and CIBERONC and IdisNa, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis Paz-Ares
- Hospital Doce de Octubre and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Susana Banerjee
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Keith Kerr
- Aberdeen University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Benedikt Westphalen
- Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Dipak Kalra
- The European Institute for Innovation through Health Data (i∼HD), Gent, Belgium
| | - Christa Cobbaert
- European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nuria Malats
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñaki Gutiérrez-Ibarluzea
- EuroScan International Network, Cologne, Germany.,BIOEF, Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | | | - Chiara Bernini
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Alastair Kent
- Independent Patient Advocate, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ivica Belina
- Coalition of Healthcare Association, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jan Van Meerbeeck
- Antwerp University and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | | - Beata Jagielska
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sarah Mee
- AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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56
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Lippi G, Mattiuzzi C, Cervellin G. Google search volume predicts the emergence of COVID-19 outbreaks. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:e2020006. [PMID: 32921704 PMCID: PMC7716951 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i3.10030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim: Digital epidemiology is increasingly used for supporting traditional epidemiology. This study was hence aimed to explore whether the Google search volume may have been useful to predict the trajectory of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Italy. Materials and Methods: We accessed Google Trends for collecting data on weekly Google searches for the keywords “tosse” (i.e., cough), “febbre” (i.e., fever) and “dispnea” (dyspnea) in Italy, between February and May 2020. The number of new weekly cases of COVID-19 in Italy was also obtained from the website of the National Institute of Health. Results: The peaks of Google searches for the three terms predicted by 3 weeks that of newly diagnosed COVID-19 cases. The peaks of weekly Google searches for “febbre” (fever), “tosse”( cough) and “dispnea” (dyspnea) were 1.7-, 2.2- and 7.7-fold higher compared to the week before the diagnosis of the first national case. No significant correlation was found between the number of newly diagnosed COVID-19 cases and Google search volumes of “tosse” (cough) and “febbre” (fever), whilst “dyspnea” (dyspnea) was significantly correlated (r= 0.50; p=0.034). The correlation between newly diagnosed COVID-19 cases and “tosse” (cough; r=0.65; p=0.008) or “febbre” (fever; 0.69; p=0.004) become statistically significant with a 3-week delay. All symptoms were also significantly inter-correlated. Conclusions: Continuously monitoring the volume of Google searches and mapping their origin can be a potentially valuable instrument to help predicting and identifying local recrudescence of COVID-19. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Camilla Mattiuzzi
- Service of Clinical Governance, Provincial Agency for Social and Sanitary Services, Trento, Italy.
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57
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Masetti C, Generali E, Colapietro F, Voza A, Cecconi M, Messina A, Omodei P, Angelini C, Ciccarelli M, Badalamenti S, Canonica GW, Lleo A, Aghemo A. High mortality in COVID-19 patients with mild respiratory disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13314. [PMID: 32535885 PMCID: PMC7323076 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected 189 000 people in Italy, with more than 25 000 deaths. Several predictive factors of mortality have been identified; however, none has been validated in patients presenting with mild disease. METHODS Patients with a diagnosis of interstitial pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2, presenting with mild symptoms, and requiring hospitalization in a non-intensive care unit with known discharge status were prospectively collected and retrospectively analysed. Demographical, clinical and biochemical parameters were recorded, as need for non-invasive mechanical ventilation and admission in intensive care unit. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of death. RESULTS Between 28 February and 10 April 2020, 229 consecutive patients were included in the study cohort; the majority were males with a mean age of 60 years. 54% of patients had at least one comorbidity, with hypertension being the most commonly represented, followed by diabetes mellitus. 196 patients were discharged after a mean of 9 days, while 14.4% died during hospitalization because of respiratory failure. Age higher than 75 years, low platelet count (<150 × 103 /mm3 ) and higher ferritin levels (>750 ng/mL) were independent predictors of death. Comorbidities were not independently associated with in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS In-hospital mortality of patients with COVID-19 presenting with mild symptoms is high and is associated with older age, platelet count and ferritin levels. Identifying early predictors of outcome can be useful in the clinical practice to better stratify and manage patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Masetti
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elena Generali
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Francesca Colapietro
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Antonio Voza
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cecconi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Antonio Messina
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Paolo Omodei
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - G Walter Canonica
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Ana Lleo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Alessio Aghemo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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Sathler PC. Hemostatic abnormalities in COVID-19: A guided review. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20200834. [PMID: 32844987 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020200834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has already taken on pandemic proportions, affecting over 213 countries in a matter of weeks. In this context, several studies correlating hemostatic disorders with the infection dynamics of the new coronavirus have emerged. These studies have shown that a portion of the patients affected by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), elevated D-dimer levels and other fibrinolytic products, antithrombin (AT) activity reduced and decrease of platelet count. Based on these hallmarks, this review proposes to present possible pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the hemostatic changes observed in the pathological progression of COVID-19. In this analysis, it is pointed the relationship between the downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and storm cytokines action with the onset of hypercoagulability state, other than the clinical events involved in thrombocytopenia and hyperfibrinolysis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- PlÍnio C Sathler
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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59
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Zhou M, Liang Q, Pei Q, Xu F, Wen H. Chinese medicine for coronavirus disease 2019 as complementary therapy: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21034. [PMID: 32871977 PMCID: PMC7437844 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine (CM) as complementary therapy in treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS The following databases will be searched: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and Wanfang database from October 1, 2019 to March 1, 2020. Randomized trials and quasi-randomized or prospective controlled clinical trials of CM that reported data on COVID-19 patients will be included. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and assessment of risk bias will be performed by 2 reviewers independently. Odds ratios and correlative 95% confidence intervals will be calculated to present the association between the CM and CWM using Review Manager version 5.3 when there is sufficient available data. RESULTS The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal publication. CONCLUSION This systematic review findings will summarize up-to-date evidence for that CM is more effective and safe as adjunctive treatment for patients with COVID-19. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval and patient consent are not required as this study is a systematic review based on published articles. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020185382.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- College of Clinical Medical, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Qijun Liang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang
| | - QiuLan Pei
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang
| | - Fan Xu
- College of Clinical Medical, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Hang Wen
- College of Clinical Medical, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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60
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Lin J, Yan H, Chen H, He C, Lin C, He H, Zhang S, Shi S, Lin K. COVID-19 and coagulation dysfunction in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2020; 93:934-944. [PMID: 32706426 PMCID: PMC7405098 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) has posed a grave threat to the global public health. The COVID‐19‐induced infection is closely related to coagulation dysfunction in the affected patients. This paper attempts to conduct a meta‐analysis and systematically review the blood coagulation indicators in patients with severe COVID‐19. A meta‐analysis of eligible studies was performed to compare the blood coagulation indicators in patients with severe and nonsevere COVID‐19. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published between 1 December 2019 and 7 May 2020. A total of 13 studies with 1341 adult patients were enrolled in this analysis. Platelet (weighted mean difference [WMD] = −24.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −34.12 to −15.54; P < .001), d‐dimer (WMD = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.09‐0.29; P < .001), and fibrinogen (WMD = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.50‐1.54; P < .001) were significantly associated with the severity in patients with COVID‐19. The meta‐analysis revealed that no correlation was evident between an increased severity risk of COVID‐19 and activated partial thromboplastin time (WMD = −1.56, 95% CI: −5.77 to 2.64; P = .468) or prothrombin time (WMD = 0.19, 95% CI: −0.13 to 0.51; P = .243). The single arm meta‐analysis showed that compared with the nonsevere group, the severe group had a lower pooled platelet (165.12 [95% CI: 157.38‐172.85] vs 190.09 [95% CI: 179.45‐200.74]), higher d‐dimer (0.49 [95% CI: 0.33‐0.64] vs 0.27 [95% CI: 0.20‐0.34]), and higher fibrinogen (4.34 [95% CI: 1.98‐6.70] vs 3.19 [95% CI: 1.13‐5.24]). Coagulation dysfunction is closely related to the severity of patients with COVID‐19, in which low platelet, high d‐dimer, and fibrinogen upon admission may serve as risk indicators for increased aggression of the disease. These findings are of great clinical value for timely and effective treatment of the COVID‐19 cases. Coagulation dysfunction affects the prognosis of COVID‐19 patients. Lower platelet, higher d‐dimer and fibrinogen indicate increased severity risk in COVID‐19 patients. No difference in PT and APTT is evident between severe and non‐severe COVID‐19 patients upon admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanchuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen He
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chunjin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haoming He
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sicheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Songjing Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kaiyang Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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61
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Ozder A. A novel indicator predicts 2019 novel coronavirus infection in subjects with diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 166:108294. [PMID: 32623037 PMCID: PMC7332455 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The disease severity in 2019 novel coronavirus (Covid 19) infection has varied from mild self-limiting flu-like illness to fulminant pneumonia, respiratory failure and death. Since DM and Covid 19 infection are closely associated with inflammatory status, mean platelet volume (MPV) was suggested to be useful in predicting Covid infection onset. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic role of MPV in Covid patients with diabetes. METHODS A total of 640 subjects (160 Covid patients with type 2 diabetes, 160 healthy controls, 160 patients with non-spesific infections and 160 Covid patients without type 2 diabetes) enrolled in the study. RESULTS MPV was significantly higher (11.21 ± 0.61 fL) as compared to the results from the last routine visits of the the same individuals with diabetes (10.59 ± 0.96 fL) (p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS MPV could be used as a simple and cost-effective tool to predict the Covid infection in subjects with diabetes in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aclan Ozder
- Family Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey; Bezmialem Vakif University, Adnan Menderes Boulevard, No: 1, Fatih, Istanbul 34093, Turkey.
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62
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Jazieh AR, Kozlakidis Z. Healthcare Transformation in the Post-Coronavirus Pandemic Era. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:429. [PMID: 32850915 PMCID: PMC7399067 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahman Jazieh
- Department of Oncology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zisis Kozlakidis
- Laboratory Services and Biobanking, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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63
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Abstract
The emergence of the Coronavirus Disease -19 (COVID-19) pandemic, has had a tremendous global impact, resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide and especially in the United States, where nearly one third of the cases are located. Although involvement of the lower respiratory track accounts for most of the morbidity and mortality seen, the virus involves several organ systems and the syndrome exhibits clinical diversity with a wide range of symptoms and manifestations. The involvement of elements of the hematopoietic system is prominent in severe cases and associated with poor outcomes and mortality. Lymphopenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and a prothrombotic state are common manifestations of COVID-19 and have important treatment and prognostic implications. Better understanding of the mechanisms of the pathophysiology of COVID-19-induced hematological abnormalities may ultimately result in better ways to treat them and decrease the associated morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Mina
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Koen van Besien
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leonidas C Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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64
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Bonetti G, Manelli F, Patroni A, Bettinardi A, Borrelli G, Fiordalisi G, Marino A, Menolfi A, Saggini S, Volpi R, Anesi A, Lippi G. Laboratory predictors of death from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the area of Valcamonica, Italy. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58:1100-1105. [PMID: 32573995 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Comprehensive information has been published on laboratory tests which may predict worse outcome in Asian populations with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study is to describe laboratory findings in a group of Italian COVID-19 patients in the area of Valcamonica, and correlate abnormalities with disease severity. Methods The final study population consisted of 144 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (70 who died during hospital stay and 74 who survived and could be discharged) between March 1 and 30, 2020, in Valcamonica Hospital. Demographical, clinical and laboratory data were collected upon hospital admission and were then correlated with outcome (i.e. in-hospital death vs. discharge). Results Compared to patients who could be finally discharged, those who died during hospital stay displayed significantly higher values of serum glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea, creatinine, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hscTnI), prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer, C reactive protein (CRP), ferritin and leukocytes (especially neutrophils), whilst values of albumin, hemoglobin and lymphocytes were significantly decreased. In multiple regression analysis, LDH, CRP, neutrophils, lymphocytes, albumin, APTT and age remained significant predictors of in-hospital death. A regression model incorporating these variables explained 80% of overall variance of in-hospital death. Conclusions The most important laboratory abnormalities described here in a subset of European COVID-19 patients residing in Valcamonica are highly predictive of in-hospital death and may be useful for guiding risk assessment and clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Bonetti
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, ASST-Valcamonica, Esine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Filippo Manelli
- Emergency Department, ASST-Valcamonica, Esine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Patroni
- Hospital Infections Committee, ASST-Valcamonica, Esine, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Gianluca Borrelli
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, ASST-Valcamonica, Esine, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Marino
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, ASST-Valcamonica, Esine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Menolfi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, ASST-Valcamonica, Esine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Saggini
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, ASST-Valcamonica, Esine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Volpi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, ASST-Valcamonica, Esine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Adriano Anesi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Maggiore Hospital of Lodi, Lodi, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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65
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Lippi G, Plebani M, Henry BM. Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: A meta-analysis. CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA; INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [PMID: 32178975 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.022)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease with lack of established laboratory markers available to evaluate illness severity. In this study, we investigate whether platelet count could differentiate between COVID-19 patients with or without severe disease. Additionally, we evaluate if thrombocytopenia is associated with severe COVID-19. METHODS An electronic search in Medline, Scopus and Web of Science was performed to identify studies reporting data on platelet count in COVID-19 patients. A meta-analysis was performed, with calculation of weighted mean difference (WMD) of platelet number in COVID-19 patients with or without severe disease and odds ratio (OR) of thrombocytopenia for severe form of COVID-19. RESULTS Nine studies with 1779 COVID-19 patients, 399 (22.4%) with severe disease, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed that platelet count was significantly lower in patients with more severe COVID-19 (WMD -31 × 109/L; 95% CI, from -35 to -29 × 109/L). A subgroup analysis comparing patients by survival, found an even lower platelet count was observed with mortality (WMD, -48 × 109/L; 95% CI, -57 to -39 × 109/L. In the four studies (n = 1427) which reported data on rate of thrombocytopenia, a low platelet count was associated with over fivefold enhanced risk of severe COVID-19 (OR, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.8-14.6). CONCLUSIONS Low platelet count is associated with increased risk of severe disease and mortality in patients with COVID-19, and thus should serve as clinical indicator of worsening illness during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mario Plebani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Brandon Michael Henry
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA.
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66
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Lippi G, Plebani M. The critical role of laboratory medicine during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other viral outbreaks. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58:1063-1069. [PMID: 32191623 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019, abbreviated to COVID-19 and sustained by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the latest biological hazard to assume the relevance of insidious worldwide threat. One obvious question that is now engaging the minds of many scientists and healthcare professionals is whether and eventually how laboratory medicine could efficiently contribute to counteract this and other (future) viral outbreaks. Despite there being evidence that laboratory tests are vital throughout many clinical pathways, there are at least three major areas where in vitro diagnostics can also provide essential contributions to diagnostic reasoning and managed care of patients with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. These include etiological diagnosis, patient monitoring, as well as epidemiologic surveillance. Nonetheless, some structural and practical aspects may generate substantial hurdles in providing timely and efficient response to this infectious emergency, which basically include inadequate (insufficient) environment and shortage of technical and human resources for facing enhanced volume of tests on many infected patients, some of whom are with severe disease. Some proactive and reactive strategies may hence be identified to confront this serious healthcare challenge, which entail major investments on conventional laboratory resources, reinforcement of regional networks of clinical laboratories, installation of mobile laboratories, as well as being proactive in establishing laboratory emergency plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mario Plebani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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67
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Han H, Yang L, Liu R, Liu F, Wu KL, Li J, Liu XH, Zhu CL. Prominent changes in blood coagulation of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58:1116-1120. [PMID: 32172226 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 768] [Impact Index Per Article: 192.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background As the number of patients increases, there is a growing understanding of the form of pneumonia sustained by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which has caused an outbreak in China. Up to now, clinical features and treatment of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have been reported in detail. However, the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and coagulation has been scarcely addressed. Our aim is to investigate the blood coagulation function of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods In our study, 94 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were admitted in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. We prospectively collect blood coagulation data in these patients and in 40 healthy controls during the same period. Results Antithrombin values in patients were lower than that in the control group (p < 0.001). The values of D-dimer, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), and fibrinogen (FIB) in all SARS-CoV-2 cases were substantially higher than those in healthy controls. Moreover, D-dimer and FDP values in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection were higher than those in patients with milder forms. Compared with healthy controls, prothrombin time activity (PT-act) was lower in SARS-CoV-2 patients. Thrombin time in critical SARS-CoV-2 patients was also shorter than that in controls. Conclusions The coagulation function in patients with SARS-CoV-2 is significantly deranged compared with healthy people, but monitoring D-dimer and FDP values may be helpful for the early identification of severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Lang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Liang Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
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68
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Wang Y, Ao G, Qi X, Zeng J. The influence of corticosteroid on patients with COVID-19 infection: A meta-analysis. Am J Emerg Med 2020; 43:267-269. [PMID: 32616373 PMCID: PMC7308769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangyu Ao
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Nephrology, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Third People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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69
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Early manifestation of ARDS in COVID-19 infection in a 51- year-old man affected by Mounier-Kuhn syndrome. Heart Lung 2020; 49:855-857. [PMID: 32425272 PMCID: PMC7229908 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A 51-year-old man known to be affected by Mounier-Kuhn syndrome (MKS). presented to Accident & Emergecy (A&E) with fever, dyspnea and deterioration of his chronic coughs. Increased diameters of his trachea (39 mm), right (30 mm) and left (26 mm) main bronchi were revealed by chest computerized tomography (CT) scan. CT scan showed also ground-glass opacities (GGO) and bronchiectasis in the mid and lower zones of both lungs. COIVD-19 infection was eventually confirmed by RT-PCR. A severe form of COVID-19 could occur even in the early stages of the disease in presence of underlying co-morbidities including MKS, which increases the susceptibility to more recurrent and severe respiratory infections.
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70
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Cardiac Troponin-I may be a predictor of complications and mortality in COVID-19 patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 10:130-131. [PMID: 32382587 PMCID: PMC7204698 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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71
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Khanna RC, Cicinelli MV, Gilbert SS, Honavar SG, Murthy GVS. COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons learned and future directions. Indian J Ophthalmol 2020; 68:703-710. [PMID: 32317432 PMCID: PMC7350475 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_843_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging pandemics show that humans are not infallible and communities need to be prepared. Coronavirus outbreak was first reported towards the end of 2019 and has now been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Worldwide countries are responding differently to the virus outbreak. A delay in detection and response has been recorded in China, as well as in other major countries, which led to an overburdening of the local health systems. On the other hand, some other nations have put in place effective strategies to contain the infection and have recorded a very low number of cases since the beginning of the pandemics. Restrictive measures like social distancing, lockdown, case detection, isolation, contact tracing, and quarantine of exposed had revealed the most efficient actions to control the disease spreading. This review will help the readers to understand the difference in response by different countries and their outcomes. Based on the experience of these countries, India responded to the pandemic accordingly. Only time will tell how well India has faced the outbreak. We also suggest the future directions that the global community should take to manage and mitigate the emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit C Khanna
- Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eyecare, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Maria Vittoria Cicinelli
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, via Olgettina, Milan, Italy
| | - Suzanne S Gilbert
- Senior Director, Research, Seva Foundation, Berkeley, California
- North America Region Chair, International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness, India
- President, International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology, India
| | - Santosh G Honavar
- Editor, Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, Centre for Sight, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Gudlavalleti V S Murthy
- International Centre for Eye Health, Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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72
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Lippi G, Henry BM. Active smoking is not associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Eur J Intern Med 2020; 75:107-108. [PMID: 32192856 PMCID: PMC7118593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry Department of Neuroscience Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Brandon Michael Henry
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit The Heart Institute Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Ohio, United States
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73
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Lippi G, Favaloro EJ. D-dimer is Associated with Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Pooled Analysis. Thromb Haemost 2020; 120:876-878. [PMID: 32246450 PMCID: PMC7295300 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Emmanuel J. Favaloro
- Department of Haematology, Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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74
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Lippi G, Mattiuzzi C. Hemoglobin value may be decreased in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2020; 42:116-117. [PMID: 32284281 PMCID: PMC7128154 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilla Mattiuzzi
- Service of Clinical Governance, Provincial Agency for Social and Sanitary Services, Trento, Italy
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75
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Favaloro EJ, Lippi G. Recommendations for Minimal Laboratory Testing Panels in Patients with COVID-19: Potential for Prognostic Monitoring. Semin Thromb Hemost 2020; 46:379-382. [PMID: 32279286 PMCID: PMC7295306 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel J. Favaloro
- Department of Haematology, Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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76
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Lippi G, Sanchis-Gomar F, Henry BM. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): the portrait of a perfect storm. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:497. [PMID: 32395541 PMCID: PMC7210187 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.03.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The “novel” coronavirus disease 2019 (abbreviated “COVID-19”) is the third coronavirus outbreak emerging during the past two decades. This infectious disease, sustained by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been recently declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Despite the concerning epidemiological burden, many people, including some policymakers, are underestimating this pandemic and are remaining enigmatically inactive against a human pathology which, for a combination of reasons, can be reasonably defined as a perfect storm (i.e., the “wrong virus” at the “wrong time”). These many paradigmatic aspects include SARS-CoV-2 structure and peculiar biology of infection, high risk of inter-human transmission, long incubation time combined with early and sustained viral load, existence of asymptomatic or mildly-symptomatic carriers, viral shedding for days after symptom relief, unfavorable progression towards respiratory distress and death in up to 5–10% of patients thus causing dramatic healthcare challenges, as well as environmental contamination. Last but not least, the combination of the current case fatality rate with the extraordinary number of people that could be potentially infected by SARS-CoV-2 would permit to estimate that the worldwide deaths for COVID-19 may even approximate those recorded during World War II if appropriate restrictive measures for preventing human-to-human transmission are not readily undertaken. Everybody should be inexcusably aware that this is not a drill, and that the consequences of inadequate action will be tragedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brandon M Henry
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
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77
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Qu R, Ling Y, Zhang YHZ, Wei LY, Chen X, Li XM, Liu XY, Liu HM, Guo Z, Ren H, Wang Q. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease-19. J Med Virol 2020; 92:1533-1541. [PMID: 32181903 PMCID: PMC7228291 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since December 2019, novel coronavirus infected pneumonia emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China. In severe novel coronavirus pneumonia cases, the number of platelets, their dynamic changes during the treatment, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were a concern. We sought to describe the platelet feature of these cases. Single-center case series of the 30 hospitalized patients with confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 in Huizhou municipal central hospital from January 2020 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, clinical, blood routine results, other laboratory results, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Outcomes of severe patients and nonsevere patients were compared. Univariate analysis showed that: age, platelet peaks, and PLR at peak platelet were the influencing factors in severe patients, multivariate analysis showed that the PLR value at peak platelet during treatment was an independent influencing factor in severe patients. The average hospitalization day of patients with platelet peaks during treatment was longer than those without platelet peaks (P < .05). The average age of patients with platelet peaks during treatment was older than those without platelet peaks (P < .05). The patients with significantly elevated platelets during treatment had longer average hospitalization days. And the higher PLR of patients during treatment had longer average hospitalization days. Single-center case series of the 30 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, presumed that the number of platelets and their dynamic changes during the treatment may have a suggestion on the severity and prognosis of the disease. The patient with markedly elevated platelets and longer average hospitalization days may be related to the cytokine storm. The PLR of patients means the degree of cytokine storm, which might provide a new indicator in the monitoring in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Qu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Yi-Hui-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Cancer for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Ya Wei
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Cancer for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Cancer for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu-Mian Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Cancer for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuan-Yong Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Cancer for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Han-Mian Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Zhi Guo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Cancer for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Medical, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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78
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Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 506:145-148. [PMID: 32178975 PMCID: PMC7102663 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1082] [Impact Index Per Article: 270.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Platelet count can discriminate between severe and non-severe COVID-19 infections. Patients who did not survive have a significantly lower platelet count than survivors. Thrombocytopenia is associated with increased risk of severe disease. A substantial decrease in platelet count may be an indicator of worsening illness.
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease with lack of established laboratory markers available to evaluate illness severity. In this study, we investigate whether platelet count could differentiate between COVID-19 patients with or without severe disease. Additionally, we evaluate if thrombocytopenia is associated with severe COVID-19. Methods An electronic search in Medline, Scopus and Web of Science was performed to identify studies reporting data on platelet count in COVID-19 patients. A meta-analysis was performed, with calculation of weighted mean difference (WMD) of platelet number in COVID-19 patients with or without severe disease and odds ratio (OR) of thrombocytopenia for severe form of COVID-19. Results Nine studies with 1779 COVID-19 patients, 399 (22.4%) with severe disease, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed that platelet count was significantly lower in patients with more severe COVID-19 (WMD −31 × 109/L; 95% CI, from −35 to −29 × 109/L). A subgroup analysis comparing patients by survival, found an even lower platelet count was observed with mortality (WMD, −48 × 109/L; 95% CI, −57 to −39 × 109/L. In the four studies (n = 1427) which reported data on rate of thrombocytopenia, a low platelet count was associated with over fivefold enhanced risk of severe COVID-19 (OR, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.8–14.6). Conclusions Low platelet count is associated with increased risk of severe disease and mortality in patients with COVID-19, and thus should serve as clinical indicator of worsening illness during hospitalization.
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Lippi G, Lavie CJ, Sanchis-Gomar F. Cardiac troponin I in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Evidence from a meta-analysis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 63:390-391. [PMID: 32169400 PMCID: PMC7127395 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 116.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School - The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Procalcitonin in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 505:190-191. [PMID: 32145275 PMCID: PMC7094472 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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81
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Lippi G, Plebani M. Laboratory abnormalities in patients with COVID-2019 infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 58:1131-1134. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 554] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement , University Hospital of Verona , Piazzale L.A. Scuro, 10 , 37134 Verona , Italy
| | - Mario Plebani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , University Hospital of Padova , Padova , Italy
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Qi X, Lei J, Yu Q, Xi Y, Wang Y, Ju S. CT imaging of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): from the qualitative to quantitative. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:256. [PMID: 32309403 PMCID: PMC7154410 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Qi
- CHESS-COVID-19 Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junqiang Lei
- CHESS-COVID-19 Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yarong Xi
- Department of Radiology, Longxi First People's Hospital, Dingxi 6622203, China
| | - Yuancheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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