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Detecting G protein-coupled receptor complexes in postmortem human brain with proximity ligation assay and a Bayesian classifier. Biotechniques 2019; 68:122-129. [PMID: 31859535 PMCID: PMC7092707 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2019-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the controversy regarding the existence and physiological relevance of class A G protein-coupled receptor dimerization, there is substantial evidence for functional interactions between the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR). A2AR-D2R complexes have been detected in rodent brains by proximity ligation assay; however, their existence in the human brain has not been demonstrated. In this study, we used Brightfield proximity ligation assay, combined with a systematic sampling and a parameter-free naive Bayesian classifier, and demonstrated proximity between the D2R and the A2AR in the adult human ventral striatum, consistent with their colocalization within complexes and the possible existence of D2R-A2AR heteromers. These methods are applicable to the relative quantification of proximity of two proteins, as well as the expression levels of individual proteins. Brightfield proximity ligation assay was used to assess the expression of G protein-coupled receptors and their proximity in postmortem adult human brains. A novel automated machine learning method (Bayesian optimized PLA signal sorting) was developed to automatically quantify Brightfield proximity ligation assay data.
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52
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Yoon S, Parnell E, Kasherman M, Forrest MP, Myczek K, Premarathne S, Sanchez Vega MC, Piper M, Burne THJ, Jolly LA, Wood SA, Penzes P. Usp9X Controls Ankyrin-Repeat Domain Protein Homeostasis during Dendritic Spine Development. Neuron 2019; 105:506-521.e7. [PMID: 31813652 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Variants in the ANK3 gene encoding ankyrin-G are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disability, autism, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. However, no upstream regulators of ankyrin-G at synapses are known. Here, we show that ankyrin-G interacts with Usp9X, a neurodevelopmental-disorder-associated deubiquitinase (DUB). Usp9X phosphorylation enhances their interaction, decreases ankyrin-G polyubiquitination, and stabilizes ankyrin-G to maintain dendritic spine development. In forebrain-specific Usp9X knockout mice (Usp9X-/Y), ankyrin-G as well as multiple ankyrin-repeat domain (ANKRD)-containing proteins are transiently reduced at 2 but recovered at 12 weeks postnatally. However, reduced cortical spine density in knockouts persists into adulthood. Usp9X-/Y mice display increase of ankyrin-G ubiquitination and aggregation and hyperactivity. USP9X mutations in patients with intellectual disability and autism ablate its catalytic activity or ankyrin-G interaction. Our data reveal a DUB-dependent mechanism of ANKRD protein homeostasis, the impairment of which only transiently affects ANKRD protein levels but leads to persistent neuronal, behavioral, and clinical abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehyoun Yoon
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Euan Parnell
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Maria Kasherman
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; The School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Marc P Forrest
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kristoffer Myczek
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Susitha Premarathne
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | | | - Michael Piper
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas H J Burne
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD 4076, Australia
| | - Lachlan A Jolly
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Stephen A Wood
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Peter Penzes
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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53
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Guidolin D, Marcoli M, Tortorella C, Maura G, Agnati LF. Adenosine A 2A-dopamine D 2 receptor-receptor interaction in neurons and astrocytes: Evidence and perspectives. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 169:247-277. [PMID: 31952688 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of receptor-receptor interactions in the early 1980s, together with a more accurate focusing of allosteric mechanisms in proteins, expanded the knowledge on the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signaling processes. GPCRs were seen to operate not only as monomers, but also as quaternary structures shaped by allosteric interactions. These integrative mechanisms can change the function of the GPCRs involved, leading to a sophisticated dynamic of the receptor assembly in terms of modulation of recognition and signaling. In this context, the heterodimeric complex formed by the adenosine A2A and the dopamine D2 receptors likely represents a prototypical example. The pharmacological evidence obtained, together with the tissue distribution of the A2A-D2 heteromeric complexes, suggested they could represent a target for new therapeutic strategies addressing significant disorders of the central nervous system. The research findings and the perspectives they offer from the therapeutic standpoint are the focus of the here presented discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Cinzia Tortorella
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi F Agnati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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54
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Prasad S, Ponimaskin E, Zeug A. Serotonin receptor oligomerization regulates cAMP-based signaling. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.230334. [PMID: 31371490 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.230334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interaction is often investigated using quantitative molecular microscopy with Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET). Here, we combined 'linear unmixing FRET' (lux-FRET) with the simultaneous application of a FRET-based biosensor for cAMP to investigate the oligomerization between the 5-HT7 receptor (5-HT7R, also known as HTR7) and the 5-HT1A receptor (5-HT1AR, also known as HTR1A) and its importance for cAMP signaling. We found that the 5-HT7R not only stimulates cAMP production, but also forms hetero-oligomers with 5-HT1AR, which blocks the inhibitory effect of the latter. 5-HT7R signaling, however, is not affected by this hetero-oligomerization. By modeling the kinetics of intracellular cAMP level changes in relation to the 5-HT7R:5-HT1AR stoichiometry, we were able to decipher the complex signaling characteristics of endogenous serotonin receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons. Our findings indicate that serotonergic signaling is not only modulated by the concentration of an individual receptor but also by its specific interaction with other receptors in endogenous systems. We conclude that the regulated ratio of serotonin receptors in immature and mature neurons may be critically involved in both the onset and response to treatments of psychiatric diseases, such as anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Prasad
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Center of Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Center of Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Lavrentyeva av., 10 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andre Zeug
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Center of Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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55
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Proximity ligation assay to study protein-protein interactions of proteins on two different cells. Biotechniques 2019; 65:149-157. [PMID: 30227746 PMCID: PMC6770473 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2018-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPI) by homo-, hetero- or oligo-merization in the cellular environment regulate cellular processes. PPI can be inhibited by antibodies, small molecules or peptides, and this inhibition has therapeutic value. A recently developed method, the proximity ligation assay (PLA), provides detection of PPI in the cellular environment. However, most applications using this assay are for proteins expressed in the same cell. We employ PLA for the first time to study PPI of cell surface proteins on two different cells. Inhibition of PPI using a peptide inhibitor is also quantified using this assay; PLA is used to detect PPI of CD2 and CD58 between Jurkat cells (T cells) and human fibroblast-like synoviocyte-rheumatoid arthritis cells that are important in the immune response in the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis. This assay provides direct evidence of inhibition of PPI of two proteins on different cell surfaces.
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56
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Matsuda-Lennikov M, Biancalana M, Zou J, Ravell JC, Zheng L, Kanellopoulou C, Jiang P, Notarangelo G, Jing H, Masutani E, Oler AJ, Olano LR, Schulz BL, Lenardo MJ. Magnesium transporter 1 (MAGT1) deficiency causes selective defects in N-linked glycosylation and expression of immune-response genes. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:13638-13656. [PMID: 31337704 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium transporter 1 (MAGT1) critically mediates magnesium homeostasis in eukaryotes and is highly-conserved across different evolutionary branches. In humans, loss-of-function mutations in the MAGT1 gene cause X-linked magnesium deficiency with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and neoplasia (XMEN), a disease that has a broad range of clinical and immunological consequences. We have previously shown that EBV susceptibility in XMEN is associated with defective expression of the antiviral natural-killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) protein and abnormal Mg2+ transport. New evidence suggests that MAGT1 is the human homolog of the yeast OST3/OST6 proteins that form an integral part of the N-linked glycosylation complex, although the exact contributions of these perturbations in the glycosylation pathway to disease pathogenesis are still unknown. Using MS-based glycoproteomics, along with CRISPR/Cas9-KO cell lines, natural killer cell-killing assays, and RNA-Seq experiments, we now demonstrate that humans lacking functional MAGT1 have a selective deficiency in both immune and nonimmune glycoproteins, and we identified several critical glycosylation defects in important immune-response proteins and in the expression of genes involved in immunity, particularly CD28. We show that MAGT1 function is partly interchangeable with that of the paralog protein tumor-suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) but that each protein has a different tissue distribution in humans. We observed that MAGT1-dependent glycosylation is sensitive to Mg2+ levels and that reduced Mg2+ impairs immune-cell function via the loss of specific glycoproteins. Our findings reveal that defects in protein glycosylation and gene expression underlie immune defects in an inherited disease due to MAGT1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Matsuda-Lennikov
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Matthew Biancalana
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Juan Zou
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Juan C Ravell
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Lixin Zheng
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Chrysi Kanellopoulou
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Ping Jiang
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Giulia Notarangelo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Huie Jing
- Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.,Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Evan Masutani
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Andrew J Oler
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Lisa Renee Olano
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Benjamin L Schulz
- University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Brisbane, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Michael J Lenardo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 .,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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57
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Revealing Adenosine A 2A-Dopamine D 2 Receptor Heteromers in Parkinson's Disease Post-Mortem Brain through a New AlphaScreen-Based Assay. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143600. [PMID: 31340557 PMCID: PMC6678849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several biophysical techniques have been successfully implemented to detect G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) heteromerization. Although these approaches have made it possible to ascertain the presence of GPCR heteromers in animal models of disease, no success has been accomplished in pathological human post-mortem brains. The AlphaScreen technology has been consistently used to quantify small analyte accumulation or depletion, bimolecular interactions, and post-translational modifications. The high signal-to-background, dynamic range and sensitivity exhibited by this technology support that it may be suitable to detect GPCR heteromers even under non-optimal conditions. Methods: Here, we describe the development of a new AlphaScreen assay to detect GPCR oligomers in human post-mortem brain. Results: Adenosine A2A-dopamine D2 receptor (A2AR/D2R) heteromer formation was monitored in caudate from healthy and Parkinson’s disease (PD) subjects. The approach was first validated using striatal membranes from wild type and A2AR deficient mice. Secondly, we took advantage of the 6-hydroxydopamine hemiparkinsonian rat model to validate previous results. In addition, finally, A2AR/D2R heteromer formation was assessed in caudate membranes from human post-mortem brains. Importantly, our preliminary results revealed an increase in A2AR/D2R heteromer formation in PD brains. Conclusions: The new AlphaScreen assay allowed assessing GPCR heteromers in human post-mortem brains with high sensitivity.
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58
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Price AE, Sholler DJ, Stutz SJ, Anastasio NC, Cunningham KA. Endogenous Serotonin 5-HT 2A and 5-HT 2C Receptors Associate in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3241-3248. [PMID: 30645940 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) and 5-HT2CR are localized to the same neurons within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which regulates executive function, decision-making, and reward-guided learning and memory processes. The 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2CR coimmunoprecipitate in the mPFC of male Sprague-Dawley rats, while in vitro studies demonstrate the presence of a physical interaction between the 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2CR. The purpose of this study was to identify mPFC subregions in which the 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2CR physically interact ex vivo in the male Sprague-Dawley rat. We established the expression patterns of 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2CR in layers I-VI of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), prelimbic (PL), and infralimbic (IL) subregions using double-label fluorescence immunohistochemistry in male rats. We then employed the proximity ligation assay (PLA) to test the hypothesis that the 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2CR form a close, physical association within these mPFC subregions. Our results demonstrate subregion- and layer-specific expression of the 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2CR proteins using immunofluorescence and single recognition PLA, and a spatially close (within 40 nm) interaction between the 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2CR that occurs along a dorsal-ventral gradient in the rat mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E. Price
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Dennis J. Sholler
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Sonja J. Stutz
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Noelle C. Anastasio
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Kathryn A. Cunningham
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
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59
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Modulation and functions of dopamine receptor heteromers in drugs of abuse-induced adaptations. Neuropharmacology 2019; 152:42-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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60
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Pelassa S, Guidolin D, Venturini A, Averna M, Frumento G, Campanini L, Bernardi R, Cortelli P, Buonaura GC, Maura G, Agnati LF, Cervetto C, Marcoli M. A2A-D2 Heteromers on Striatal Astrocytes: Biochemical and Biophysical Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102457. [PMID: 31109007 PMCID: PMC6566402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous findings indicate that A2A and D2 receptors are co-expressed on adult rat striatal astrocytes and on the astrocyte processes, and that A2A-D2 receptor–receptor interaction can control the release of glutamate from the processes. Functional evidence suggests that the receptor–receptor interaction was based on heteromerization of native A2A and D2 receptors at the plasma membrane of striatal astrocyte processes. We here provide biochemical and biophysical evidence confirming that receptor–receptor interaction between A2A and D2 receptors at the astrocyte plasma membrane is based on A2A-D2 heteromerization. To our knowledge, this is the first direct demonstration of the ability of native A2A and D2 receptors to heteromerize on glial cells. As striatal astrocytes are recognized to be involved in Parkinson’s pathophysiology, the findings that adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors can form A2A-D2 heteromers on the astrocytes in the striatum (and that these heteromers can play roles in the control of the striatal glutamatergic transmission) may shed light on the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pelassa
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy.
| | - Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35122 Padova, Italy.
| | - Arianna Venturini
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy.
| | - Monica Averna
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 1, 16132 Genova, Italy.
| | - Giulia Frumento
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy.
| | - Letizia Campanini
- Division of Experimental Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy.
| | - Rosa Bernardi
- Division of Experimental Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy.
| | - Pietro Cortelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Calandra Buonaura
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy.
| | - Luigi F Agnati
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy.
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Chiara Cervetto
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy.
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy.
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research CEBR, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 5, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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Heteromerization fingerprints between bradykinin B2 and thromboxane TP receptors in native cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216908. [PMID: 31086419 PMCID: PMC6516669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bradykinin (BK) and thromboxane-A2 (TX-A2) are two vasoactive mediators that modulate vascular tone and inflammation via binding to their cognate "class A" G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), BK-B2 receptors (B2R) and TX-prostanoid receptors (TP), respectively. Both BK and TX-A2 lead to ERK1/2-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and/or hypertrophy. While each of B2R and TP could form functional dimers with various GPCRs, the likelihood that B2R-TP heteromerization could contribute to their co-regulation has never been investigated. The main objective of this study was to investigate the mode of B2R and TP interaction in VSMC, and its possible impact on downstream signaling. Our findings revealed synergistically activated ERK1/2 following co-stimulation of rat VSMC with a subthreshold dose of BK and effective doses of the TP stable agonist, IBOP, possibly involving biased agonist signaling. Single detection of each of B2R and TP in VSMC, using in-situ proximity ligation assay (PLA), provided evidence of the constitutive expression of nuclear and extranuclear B2R and TP. Moreover, inspection of B2R-TP PLA signals in VSMC revealed agonist-modulated nuclear and extranuclear proximity between B2R and TP, whose quantification varied substantially following single versus dual agonist stimulations. B2R-TP interaction was further verified by the findings of co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) analysis of VSMC lysates. To our knowledge, this is the first study that provides evidence supporting the existence of B2R-TP heteromerization fingerprints in primary cultured VSMC.
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62
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Fuxe K. Adenosine heteroreceptor complexes in the basal ganglia are implicated in Parkinson's disease and its treatment. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019; 126:455-471. [PMID: 30637481 PMCID: PMC6456481 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-01969-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The adenosine homo, iso and heteroreceptor complexes in the basal ganglia play a highly significant role in modulating the indirect and direct pathways and the striosomal projections to the nigro-striatal DA system. The major adenosine receptor complexes in the striato-pallidal GABA neurons can be the A2AR-D2R and A2AR-D2R-mGluR5 receptor complexes, in which A2AR protomers and mGluR5 protomers can allosterically interact to inhibit D2R protomer signaling. Through a reorganization of these heteroreceptor complexes upon chronic dopaminergic treatment a pathological and prolonged inhibition of D2R receptor protomer signaling can develop with motor inhibition and wearing off of the therapeutic effects of levodopa and dopamine receptor agonists. The direct pathway is enriched in D1R in and around glutamate synapses enhancing the ability of these GABA neurons to be activated and increase motor initiation. The brake on these GABA neurons is in this case exerted by A1R forming A1R-D1R heteroreceptor complexes in which they allosterically inhibit D1R signaling and thereby reduce motor initiation. Upon chronic levodopa treatment a reorganization of the D1R heteroreceptor complexes develops with the formation of putative A1R-D1R-D3 in addition to D1R-D3R complexes in which D3R enhances D1R protomer signaling and may make the A1R protomer brake less effective. Alpha-synuclein monomers-dimers are postulated to form complexes with A2AR homo and heteroprotomers in the plasma membrane enhancing alpha-synuclein aggregation and toxicity. The alpha-synuclein fibrils formed in the A2AR enriched dendritic spines of the striato-pallidal GABA neurons may reach the surrounding DA terminals via extracellular-vesicle-mediated volume transmission involving internalization of the vesicles and their cargo (alpha-synuclein fibrils) into the vulnerable DA terminals, enhancing their degeneration followed by retrograde flow of these fibrils in the DA axons to the vulnerable nigral DA nerve cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, B0851, Solnavägen 9, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Zayas 50, 62100 Yaguajay, Cuba
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, B0851, Solnavägen 9, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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Wang L, Lee G, Kuei C, Yao X, Harrington A, Bonaventure P, Lovenberg TW, Liu C. GPR139 and Dopamine D2 Receptor Co-express in the Same Cells of the Brain and May Functionally Interact. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:281. [PMID: 30971885 PMCID: PMC6443882 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
GPR139, a Gq-coupled receptor that is activated by the essential amino acids L-tryptophan and L-phenylalanine, is predominantly expressed in the brain and pituitary. The physiological function of GPR139 remains elusive despite the availability of pharmacological tool agonist compounds and knock-out mice. Whole tissue RNA sequencing data from human, mouse and rat tissues revealed that GPR139 and the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) exhibited some similarities in their distribution patterns in the brain and pituitary gland. To determine if there was true co-expression of these two receptors, we applied double in situ hybridization in mouse tissues using the RNAscope® technique. GPR139 and DRD2 mRNA co-expressed in a majority of same cells within part of the dopaminergic mesolimbic pathways (ventral tegmental area and olfactory tubercle), the nigrostriatal pathway (compact part of substantia nigra and caudate putamen), and also the tuberoinfundibular pathway (arcuate hypothalamic nucleus and anterior lobe of pituitary). Both receptors mRNA also co-express in the same cells of the brain regions involved in responses to negative stimulus and stress, such as lateral habenula, lateral septum, interpeduncular nucleus, and medial raphe nuclei. GPR139 mRNA expression was detected in the dentate gyrus and the pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus as well as the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus. The functional interaction between GPR139 and DRD2 was studied in vitro using a calcium mobilization assay in cells co-transfected with both receptors from several species (human, rat, and mouse). The dopamine DRD2 agonist did not stimulate calcium response in cells expressing DRD2 alone consistent with the Gi signaling transduction pathway of this receptor. In cells co-transfected with DRD2 and GPR139 the DRD2 agonist was able to stimulate calcium response and its effect was blocked by either a DRD2 or a GPR139 antagonist supporting an in vitro interaction between GPR139 and DRD2. Taken together, these data showed that GPR139 and DRD2 are in position to functionally interact in native tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Wang
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Grace Lee
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Chester Kuei
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Xiang Yao
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Changlu Liu
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
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64
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Cortés A, Casadó-Anguera V, Moreno E, Casadó V. The heterotetrameric structure of the adenosine A 1-dopamine D 1 receptor complex: Pharmacological implication for restless legs syndrome. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2019; 84:37-78. [PMID: 31229177 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dopaminergic and purinergic signaling play a pivotal role in neurological diseases associated with motor symptoms, including Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington disease, Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), spinal cord injury (SCI), and ataxias. Extracellular dopamine and adenosine exert their functions interacting with specific dopamine (DR) or adenosine (AR) receptors, respectively, expressed on the surface of target cells. These receptors are members of the family A of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which is the largest protein superfamily in mammalian genomes. GPCRs are target of about 40% of all current marketed drugs, highlighting their importance in clinical medicine. The striatum receives the densest dopamine innervations and contains the highest density of dopamine receptors. The modulatory role of adenosine on dopaminergic transmission depends largely on the existence of antagonistic interactions mediated by specific subtypes of DRs and ARs, the so-called A2AR-D2R and A1R-D1R interactions. Due to the dopamine/adenosine antagonism in the CNS, it was proposed that ARs and DRs could form heteromers in the neuronal cell surface. Therefore, adenosine can affect dopaminergic signaling through receptor-receptor interactions and by modulations in their shared intracellular pathways in the striatum and spinal cord. In this work we describe the allosteric modulations between GPCR protomers, focusing in those of adenosine and dopamine within the A1R-D1R heteromeric complex, which is involved in RLS. We also propose that the knowledge about the intricate allosteric interactions within the A1R-D1R heterotetramer, may facilitate the treatment of motor alterations, not only when the dopamine pathway is hyperactivated (RLS, chorea, etc.) but also when motor function is decreased (SCI, aging, PD, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Cortés
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verònica Casadó-Anguera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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65
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Aguinaga D, Medrano M, Cordomí A, Jiménez-Rosés M, Angelats E, Casanovas M, Vega-Quiroga I, Canela EI, Petrovic M, Gysling K, Pardo L, Franco R, Navarro G. Cocaine Blocks Effects of Hunger Hormone, Ghrelin, Via Interaction with Neuronal Sigma-1 Receptors. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:1196-1210. [PMID: 29876881 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite ancient knowledge on cocaine appetite-suppressant action, the molecular basis of such fact remains unknown. Addiction/eating disorders (e.g., binge eating, anorexia, bulimia) share a central control involving reward circuits. However, we here show that the sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) mediates cocaine anorectic effects by interacting in neurons with growth/hormone/secretagogue (ghrelin) receptors. Cocaine increases colocalization of σ1R and GHS-R1a at the cell surface. Moreover, in transfected HEK-293T and neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, and in primary neuronal cultures, pretreatment with cocaine or a σ1R agonist inhibited ghrelin-mediated signaling, in a similar manner as the GHS-R1a antagonist YIL-781. Results were similar in G protein-dependent (cAMP accumulation and calcium release) and in partly dependent or independent (ERK1/2 phosphorylation and label-free) assays. We provide solid evidence for direct interaction between receptors and the functional consequences, as well as a reliable structural model of the macromolecular σ1R-GHS-R1a complex, which arises as a key piece in the puzzle of the events linking cocaine consumption and appetitive/consummatory behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aguinaga
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Medrano
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnau Cordomí
- Laboratori de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mireia Jiménez-Rosés
- Laboratori de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Edgar Angelats
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Casanovas
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Quiroga
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enric I Canela
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Milos Petrovic
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Katia Gysling
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo Pardo
- Laboratori de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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66
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Schrader JM, Irving CM, Octeau JC, Christian JA, Aballo TJ, Kareemo DJ, Conti J, Camberg JL, Lane JR, Javitch JA, Kovoor A. The differential actions of clozapine and other antipsychotic drugs on the translocation of dopamine D2 receptors to the cell surface. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:5604-5615. [PMID: 30670597 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Most clinically available antipsychotic drugs (APDs) bind dopamine D2 receptors (D2R) at therapeutic concentrations, and it is thought that they suppress psychotic symptoms by serving as competitive antagonists of dopamine at D2R. Here, we present data that demonstrate that APDs act independently of dopamine at an intracellular pool of D2R to enhance transport of D2R to the cell surface and suggest that APDs can act as pharmacological chaperones at D2R. Among the first- and second-generation APDs that we tested, clozapine exhibited the lowest efficacy for translocating D2R to the cell surface. Thus, our observations could provide a cellular explanation for some of the distinct therapeutic characteristics of clozapine in schizophrenia. They also suggest that differential intracellular actions of APDs at their common G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) target, D2R, could contribute to differences in their clinical profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Schrader
- From the Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
| | - Craig M Irving
- From the Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
| | - J Christopher Octeau
- From the Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
| | - Joseph A Christian
- From the Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
| | - Timothy J Aballo
- From the Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
| | - Dean J Kareemo
- From the Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
| | - Joseph Conti
- the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
| | - Jodi L Camberg
- the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
| | - J Robert Lane
- the Division of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.,the Centre of Membrane Protein and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan A Javitch
- the Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, and.,the Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
| | - Abraham Kovoor
- From the Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881,
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67
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Wydra K, Filip M, Fuxe K. A2AR-D2R Heteroreceptor Complexes in Cocaine Reward and Addiction. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2018; 39:1008-1020. [PMID: 30384981 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The concept of allosteric receptor-receptor interactions in G protein-coupled receptor homo- and heteroreceptor complexes in which they physically interact provides a new dimension to molecular integration in the brain. The receptor-receptor interactions dynamically change recognition, pharmacology, signaling, and trafficking of the participating receptors. Among the receptor complexes, disruption of the A2A receptor-dopamine D2 receptor (A2AR-D2R) complex by an A2AR agonist has been shown to fully block the inhibition of cocaine self-administration. Cocaine induced pathological A2AR-D2R-Sigma1R complexes may form a long-term memory with a strong and permanent D2R brake, leading to cocaine addiction. These heteroreceptor complexes can potentially be targeted for future pharmacotherapy of cocaine addiction by using heterobivalent compounds or A2AR-D2R receptor interface-interfering peptides that disrupt the A2AR-D2R-Sigma1R complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karolina Wydra
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Smetna, Kraków, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Filip
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Smetna, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, Stockholm, Sweden.
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68
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Dos Santos MKF, Gavioli EC, Rosa LS, de Paula Soares-Rachetti V, Lobão-Soares B. Craving espresso: the dialetics in classifying caffeine as an abuse drug. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 391:1301-1318. [PMID: 30338342 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1570-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine is the most consumed psychoactive substance in the world; in general, it is not associated to potentially harmful effects. Nevertheless, few studies were performed attempting to investigate the caffeine addiction. The present review was mainly aimed to answer the following question: is caffeine an abuse drug? To adress this point, the effects of caffeine in preclinical and clinical studies were summarized and critically analyzed taking account the abuse disorders described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V). We concluded that the diagnostic criteria evidenced on DSM-V to intoxication-continued use and abstinence are not well supported by clinical studies. The fact that diagnostic criteria is not widely supported by preclinical or clinical studies may be due specially to a controversy in its exactly mechanism of action: recent literature point to an indirect, rather than direct modulation of dopamine receptors, and auto-limitant consumption due to adverse sensations in high doses. On the other hand, it reports clear withdrawal-related symptoms. Thus, based on a classical action on reward system, caffeine only partially fits its mechanism of action as an abuse drug, especially because previous research does not report a clear effect of dopaminergic activity enhance on nucleus accumbens; despite this, there are reports concerning dopaminergic modulation by caffeine on the striatum. However, based on human and animal research, caffeine withdrawal evokes signals and symptoms, which are relevant enough to include this substance among the drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Kenedy Felix Dos Santos
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000 Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Elaine C Gavioli
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000 Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Lorena Santa Rosa
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000 Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de Paula Soares-Rachetti
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000 Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lobão-Soares
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000 Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil.
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69
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Naik H, Gauthier T, Singh S, Jois S. Design of novel lipidated peptidomimetic conjugates for targeting EGFR heterodimerization in HER2 + cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3506-3513. [PMID: 30314880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family is known to be involved in cell signaling pathways. The extracellular domain of EGFR consists of four domains, of which domain II and domain IV are known to be involved in the dimerization process. Overexpression of these receptors is known to play a significant role in heterodimerization of these receptors leading to the development of cancer. We have designed peptidomimetic molecules to inhibit the EGFR heterodimerization interaction that have shown antiproliferative activity and specificity for HER2-positive cancer cell lines. Among these, a peptidomimetic, compound 5, exhibited antiproliferative activity at low nanomolar concentrations in HER2-overexpressing cancer cell lines. To improve the stability of this peptidomimetic, we have designed and synthesized a novel conjugate of peptidomimetic compound 5 with a lipid, stearic acid. The antiproliferative activity of this conjugate was evaluated in HER2-positive cancer cell lines. Results suggested that the conjugate exhibited selective antiproliferative activity in HER2-overexpressing breast and lung cancer cell lines and was able to block HER2:HER3 heterodimerization. Also, the conjugate showed improved stability with a half-life of 5 h in human serum compared to the half-life of 2 h for parent compound 5. The binding affinity of the conjugate to HER2 protein was evaluated by SPR analysis, and the mode of binding of the lipid conjugate to domain IV of HER2 protein was demonstrated by docking analysis. Thus, this novel lipid conjugate can be used to target HER2-overexpressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himgauri Naik
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, United States
| | - Ted Gauthier
- Biotechnology Laboratory, LSU AgCenter, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
| | - Sitanshu Singh
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, United States
| | - Seetharama Jois
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, United States.
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70
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Derouiche L, Massotte D. G protein-coupled receptor heteromers are key players in substance use disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 106:73-90. [PMID: 30278192 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) represent the largest family of membrane proteins in the human genome. Physical association between two different GPCRs is linked to functional interactions which generates a novel entity, called heteromer, with specific ligand binding and signaling properties. Heteromerization is increasingly recognized to take place in the mesocorticolimbic pathway and to contribute to various aspects related to substance use disorder. This review focuses on heteromers identified in brain areas relevant to drug addiction. We report changes at the molecular and cellular levels that establish specific functional impact and highlight behavioral outcome in preclinical models. Finally, we briefly discuss selective targeting of native heteromers as an innovative therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyes Derouiche
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Integratives, UPR 3212, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Massotte
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Integratives, UPR 3212, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
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71
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Abstract
Initially G protein-coupled receptors, GPCRs, were thought to act as monomers, but recently strong evidence has been gathered indicating that they are capable of forming homo- and heterodimers or higher order oligomeric complexes, and that the dimerization phenomenon can modulate the pharmacological response and function of these receptors. In this chapter we point to the great potential of alternative therapeutic approach targeted at GPCR dimers, which is especially important in the field of neuropsychopharmacology. We also included a brief description of methods used for studying the phenomenon of GPCR oligomerization, with particular attention paid to the proximity ligation assay, PLA, the procedure which allows the study of interactions between receptors not only in vitro but also in vivo, with good anatomical resolution, what is especially important in the studies of various GPCRs involved in central neurotransmission.
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72
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Felsing DE, Anastasio NC, Miszkiel JM, Gilbertson SR, Allen JA, Cunningham KA. Biophysical validation of serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptor interaction. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203137. [PMID: 30157263 PMCID: PMC6114921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) and 5-HT2C receptor (5-HT2CR) in the central nervous system are implicated in a range of normal behaviors (e.g., appetite, sleep) and physiological functions (e.g., endocrine secretion) while dysfunctional 5-HT2AR and/or 5-HT2CR are implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g., addiction, obesity, schizophrenia). Preclinical studies suggest that the 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2CR may act in concert to regulate the neural bases for behavior. Here, we utilize three distinct biophysical and immunocytochemistry-based approaches to identify and study this receptor complex in cultured cells. Employing a split luciferase complementation assay (LCA), we demonstrated that formation of the 5-HT2AR:5-HT2CR complex exists within 50 nm, increases proportionally to the 5-HT2CR:5-HT2AR protein expression ratio, and is specific to the receptor interaction and not due to random complementation of the luciferase fragments. Using a proximity ligation assay (PLA), we found that cells stably expressing both the 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2CR exhibit 5-HT2AR:5-HT2CR heteroreceptor complexes within 40 nm of each other. Lastly, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) analyses indicates the formation of a specific and saturable 5-HT2AR:5-HT2CR interaction, suggesting that the 5-HT2AR and 5-HT2CR form a close interaction within 10 nm of each other in intact live cells. The bioengineered receptors generated for the LCA and the BRET exhibit 5-HT-mediated intracellular calcium signaling as seen for the native receptors. Taken together, this study validates a very close 5-HT2AR:5-HT2CR interaction in cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Felsing
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Noelle C. Anastasio
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joanna M. Miszkiel
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Scott R. Gilbertson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John A. Allen
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kathryn A. Cunningham
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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73
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Wydra K, Li X, Rodriguez D, Carlsson J, Jastrzębska J, Filip M, Fuxe K. Disruption of A2AR-D2R Heteroreceptor Complexes After A2AR Transmembrane 5 Peptide Administration Enhances Cocaine Self-Administration in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7038-7048. [PMID: 29383683 PMCID: PMC6061166 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antagonistic allosteric A2AR-D2R receptor-receptor interactions in heteroreceptor complexes counteract cocaine self-administration and cocaine seeking in rats as seen in biochemical and behavioral experiments. It was shown that the human A2AR transmembrane five (TM5) was part of the interface of the human A2AR-D2R receptor heteromer. In the current paper, the rat A2AR synthetic TM5 (synthTM5) peptide disrupts the A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complex in HEK293 cells as shown by the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer method. Rat A2AR synthTM5 peptide, microinjected into the nucleus accumbens, produced a complete counteraction of the inhibitory effects of the A2AR agonist CGS21680 on cocaine self-administration. It was linked to a disappearance of the accumbal A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes and the A2AR agonist induced inhibition of D2R recognition using proximity ligation assay and biochemical binding techniques. However, possible effects of the A2AR synthTM5 peptide on accumbal A2AR-D3R and A2AR-D4R heteroreceptor complexes remain to be excluded. Evidence is provided that accumbal A2AR-D2R-like heteroreceptor complexes with their antagonistic receptor-receptor interactions can be major targets for treatment of cocaine use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Section of Physiology, University of Urbino, Campus Scientifico Enrico Mattei, via Ca’ le Suore 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy
- Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Zayas 50, 62100 Yaguajay, Cuba
| | - Karolina Wydra
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Qianjin Street No. 2699, Changchun, 130012 China
| | - David Rodriguez
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University BMC, Box 596, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Carlsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University BMC, Box 596, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joanna Jastrzębska
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Filip
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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74
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Cervetto C, Venturini A, Guidolin D, Maura G, Passalacqua M, Tacchetti C, Cortelli P, Genedani S, Candiani S, Ramoino P, Pelassa S, Marcoli M, Agnati LF. Homocysteine and A2A-D2 Receptor-Receptor Interaction at Striatal Astrocyte Processes. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 65:456-466. [PMID: 30030763 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors in striatal neurons is a well-established phenomenon and has opened up new perspectives on the molecular mechanisms involved in Parkinson's disease. However, it has barely been investigated in astrocytes. Here, we show by immunofluorescence that both A2A and D2 receptors are expressed in adult rat striatal astrocytes in situ, and investigate on presence, function, and interactions of the receptors in the astrocyte processes-acutely prepared from the adult rat striatum-and on the effects of homocysteine on the A2A-D2 receptor-receptor interaction. We found that A2A and D2 receptors were co-expressed on vesicular glutamate transporter-1-positive astrocyte processes, and confirmed that A2A-D2 receptor-receptor interaction controlled glutamate release-assessed by measuring the [3H]D-aspartate release-from the processes. The complexity of A2A-D2 receptor-receptor interaction is suggested by the effect of intracellular homocysteine, which reduced D2-mediated inhibition of glutamate release (homocysteine allosteric action on D2), without interfering with the A2A-mediated antagonism of the D2 effect (maintained A2A-D2 interaction). Our findings indicate the crucial integrative role of A2A-D2 molecular circuits at the plasma membrane of striatal astrocyte processes. The fact that homocysteine reduced D2-mediated inhibition of glutamate release could provide new insights into striatal astrocyte-neuron intercellular communications. As striatal astrocytes are recognized to be involved in Parkinson's pathophysiology, these findings may shed light on the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease and contribute to the development of new drugs for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cervetto
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy
| | - Arianna Venturini
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Passalacqua
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and Italian Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Tacchetti
- Experimental Imaging Center, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cortelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM) Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Susanna Genedani
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Simona Candiani
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Ramoino
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Pelassa
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy. .,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research CEBR, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Luigi F Agnati
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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75
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Perez De La Mora M, Manger P, Narváez M, Beggiato S, Crespo-Ramírez M, Navarro G, Wydra K, Díaz-Cabiale Z, Rivera A, Ferraro L, Tanganelli S, Filip M, Franco R, Fuxe K. Brain Dopamine Transmission in Health and Parkinson's Disease: Modulation of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity Through Volume Transmission and Dopamine Heteroreceptors. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2018; 10:20. [PMID: 30042672 PMCID: PMC6048293 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This perspective article provides observations supporting the view that nigro-striatal dopamine neurons and meso-limbic dopamine neurons mainly communicate through short distance volume transmission in the um range with dopamine diffusing into extrasynaptic and synaptic regions of glutamate and GABA synapses. Based on this communication it is discussed how volume transmission modulates synaptic glutamate transmission onto the D1R modulated direct and D2R modulated indirect GABA pathways of the dorsal striatum. Each nigro-striatal dopamine neuron was first calculated to form large numbers of neostriatal DA nerve terminals and then found to give rise to dense axonal arborizations spread over the neostriatum, from which dopamine is released. These neurons can through DA volume transmission directly influence not only the striatal GABA projection neurons but all the striatal cell types in parallel. It includes the GABA nerve cells forming the island-/striosome GABA pathway to the nigral dopamine cells, the striatal cholinergic interneurons and the striatal GABA interneurons. The dopamine modulation of the different striatal nerve cell types involves the five dopamine receptor subtypes, D1R to D5R receptors, and their formation of multiple extrasynaptic and synaptic dopamine homo and heteroreceptor complexes. These features of the nigro-striatal dopamine neuron to modulate in parallel the activity of practically all the striatal nerve cell types in the dorsal striatum, through the dopamine receptor complexes allows us to understand its unique and crucial fine-tuning of movements, which is lost in Parkinson's disease. Integration of striatal dopamine signals with other transmitter systems in the striatum mainly takes place via the receptor-receptor interactions in dopamine heteroreceptor complexes. Such molecular events also participate in the integration of volume transmission and synaptic transmission. Dopamine modulation of the glutamate synapses on the dorsal striato-pallidal GABA pathway involves D2R heteroreceptor complexes such as D2R-NMDAR, A2AR-D2R, and NTSR1-D2R heteroreceptor complexes. The dopamine modulation of glutamate synapses on the striato-entopeduncular/nigral pathway takes place mainly via D1R heteroreceptor complexes such as D1R-NMDAR, A2R-D1R, and D1R-D3R heteroreceptor complexes. Dopamine modulation of the island/striosome compartment of the dorsal striatum projecting to the nigral dopamine cells involve D4R-MOR heteroreceptor complexes. All these receptor-receptor interactions have relevance for Parkinson's disease and its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
- Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Yaguajay, Cuba
| | - Miguel Perez De La Mora
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul Manger
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Manuel Narváez
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sarah Beggiato
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Minerva Crespo-Ramírez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karolina Wydra
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zaida Díaz-Cabiale
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alicia Rivera
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sergio Tanganelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology (SVEB), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafael Franco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CiberNed: Centro de Investigación en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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García-Gutiérrez MS, Navarrete F, Navarro G, Reyes-Resina I, Franco R, Lanciego JL, Giner S, Manzanares J. Alterations in Gene and Protein Expression of Cannabinoid CB 2 and GPR55 Receptors in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex of Suicide Victims. Neurotherapeutics 2018; 15:796-806. [PMID: 29435814 PMCID: PMC6095782 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-018-0610-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies point to the cannabinoid CB2 receptors (CB2r) and the non-cannabinoid receptor GPR55 as potential key targets involved in the response to stress, anxiety, and depression. Considering the close relationship between neuropsychiatric disorders and suicide, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential alterations of CB2r and GPR55 in suicide victims. We analyzed gene and protein expression of both receptors by real-time PCR and western blot, respectively, in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of 18 suicide victims with no clinical psychiatric history or treatment with anxiolytics or antidepressants, and 15 corresponding controls. We used in situ proximity ligation assay to evaluate whether the receptors formed heteromeric complexes and to determine the expression level of these heteromers, also assessing the co-expression of heteromers in neurons, astroglia, or microglia cells. CB2r and GPR55 gene expressions were significantly lower (by 33 and 41%, respectively) in the DLPFC of suicide cases. CB2r protein expression was higher, as were CB2-GPR55 heteroreceptor complexes. The results also revealed the presence of CB2-GPR55 receptor heteromers in both neurons and astrocytes, whereas microglial cells showed no expression. We did not observe any significant alterations of GPR55 protein expression. Additional studies will be necessary to evaluate if these alterations are reproducible in suicide victims diagnosed with different psychiatric disorders. Taken together, the results suggest that CB2r and GPR55 may play a relevant role in the neurobiology of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- María S García-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernandez-CSIC, Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550, Alicante, Spain
- Red Nacional de Trastornos Adictivos, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad y Fondo de Desarrollo Regional Europeo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Navarrete
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernandez-CSIC, Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550, Alicante, Spain
- Red Nacional de Trastornos Adictivos, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad y Fondo de Desarrollo Regional Europeo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biológica en Red para enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Reyes-Resina
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biológica en Red para enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biológica en Red para enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Lanciego
- Centro de Investigación Biológica en Red para enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Salvador Giner
- Instituto de Medicina Legal, Avenida Aguilera 53, 03007, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jorge Manzanares
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernandez-CSIC, Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550, Alicante, Spain.
- Red Nacional de Trastornos Adictivos, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad y Fondo de Desarrollo Regional Europeo, Madrid, Spain.
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77
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Gorzkiewicz A, Szemraj J. Brain endocannabinoid signaling exhibits remarkable complexity. Brain Res Bull 2018; 142:33-46. [PMID: 29953913 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling system is one of the most extensive of the mammalian brain. Despite the involvement of only few specific ligands and receptors, the system encompasses a vast diversity of triggered mechanisms and driven effects. It mediates a wide range of phenomena, including the regulation of transmitter release, neural excitability, synaptic plasticity, impulse spread, long-term neuronal potentiation, neurogenesis, cell death, lineage segregation, cell migration, inflammation, oxidative stress, nociception and the sleep cycle. It is also known to be involved in the processes of learning and memory formation. This extensive scope of action is attained by combining numerous variables. In a properly functioning brain, the correlations of these variables are kept in a strictly controlled balance; however, this balance is disrupted in many pathological conditions. However, while this balance is known to be disrupted by drugs in the case of addicts, the stimuli and mechanisms influencing the neurodegenerating brain remain elusive. This review examines the multiple factors and phenomena affecting the eCB signaling system in the brain. It evaluates techniques of controlling the eCB system to identify the obstacles in their applications and highlights the crucial interdependent variables that may influence biomedical research outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gorzkiewicz
- Medical University of Lodz, ul.Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Medical University of Lodz, ul.Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
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78
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Kostrzewa RM, Wydra K, Filip M, Crawford CA, McDougall SA, Brown RW, Borroto-Escuela DO, Fuxe K, Gainetdinov RR. Dopamine D 2 Receptor Supersensitivity as a Spectrum of Neurotoxicity and Status in Psychiatric Disorders. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 366:519-526. [PMID: 29921706 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.247981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormality of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) function, often observed as D2R supersensitivity (D2RSS), is a commonality of schizophrenia and related psychiatric disorders in humans. Moreover, virtually all psychotherapeutic agents for schizophrenia target D2R in brain. Permanent D2RSS as a feature of a new animal model of schizophrenia was first reported in 1991, and then behaviorally and biochemically characterized over the next 15-20 years. In this model of schizophrenia characterized by production of D2RSS in ontogeny, there are demonstrated alterations of signaling processes, as well as functional links between the biologic template of the animal model and ability of pharmacotherapeutics to modulate or reverse biologic and behavioral modalities toward normality. Another such animal model, featuring knockout of trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1), demonstrates D2RSS with an increase in the proportion of D2R in the high-affinity state. Currently, TAAR1 agonists are being explored as a therapeutic option for schizophrenia. There is likewise an overlay of D2RSS with substance use disorder. The aspect of adenosine A2A-D2 heteroreceptor complexes in substance use disorder is highlighted, and the association of adenosine A2A receptor antagonists in discriminative and rewarding effects of psychostimulants is outlined. In summary, these new animal models of schizophrenia have face, construct, and predictive validity, and distinct advantages over earlier models. While the review summarizes elements of D2RSS in schizophrenia per se, and its interplay with substance use disorder, a major focus is on presumed new molecular targets attending D2RSS in schizophrenia and related clinical entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Kostrzewa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (R.M.K., R.W.B.); Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland (K.W., M.F.); Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, California (C.A.C., S.A.M.); Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (D.O.B.-E., K.F.); Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia (R.R.G.); and Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia (R.R.G.)
| | - Karolina Wydra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (R.M.K., R.W.B.); Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland (K.W., M.F.); Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, California (C.A.C., S.A.M.); Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (D.O.B.-E., K.F.); Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia (R.R.G.); and Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia (R.R.G.)
| | - Malgorzata Filip
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (R.M.K., R.W.B.); Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland (K.W., M.F.); Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, California (C.A.C., S.A.M.); Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (D.O.B.-E., K.F.); Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia (R.R.G.); and Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia (R.R.G.)
| | - Cynthia A Crawford
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (R.M.K., R.W.B.); Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland (K.W., M.F.); Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, California (C.A.C., S.A.M.); Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (D.O.B.-E., K.F.); Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia (R.R.G.); and Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia (R.R.G.)
| | - Sanders A McDougall
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (R.M.K., R.W.B.); Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland (K.W., M.F.); Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, California (C.A.C., S.A.M.); Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (D.O.B.-E., K.F.); Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia (R.R.G.); and Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia (R.R.G.)
| | - Russell W Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (R.M.K., R.W.B.); Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland (K.W., M.F.); Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, California (C.A.C., S.A.M.); Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (D.O.B.-E., K.F.); Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia (R.R.G.); and Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia (R.R.G.)
| | - Dasiel O Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (R.M.K., R.W.B.); Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland (K.W., M.F.); Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, California (C.A.C., S.A.M.); Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (D.O.B.-E., K.F.); Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia (R.R.G.); and Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia (R.R.G.)
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (R.M.K., R.W.B.); Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland (K.W., M.F.); Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, California (C.A.C., S.A.M.); Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (D.O.B.-E., K.F.); Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia (R.R.G.); and Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia (R.R.G.)
| | - Raul R Gainetdinov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (R.M.K., R.W.B.); Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland (K.W., M.F.); Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, California (C.A.C., S.A.M.); Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (D.O.B.-E., K.F.); Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia (R.R.G.); and Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia (R.R.G.)
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Porzionato A, Stocco E, Guidolin D, Agnati L, Macchi V, De Caro R. Receptor-Receptor Interactions of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the Carotid Body: A Working Hypothesis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:697. [PMID: 29930516 PMCID: PMC6000251 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the carotid body (CB), a wide series of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators have been identified. They are mainly produced and released by type I cells and act on many different ionotropic and metabotropic receptors located in afferent nerve fibers, type I and II cells. Most metabotropic receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In other transfected or native cells, GPCRs have been demonstrated to establish physical receptor–receptor interactions (RRIs) with formation of homo/hetero-complexes (dimers or receptor mosaics) in a dynamic monomer/oligomer equilibrium. RRIs modulate ligand binding, signaling, and internalization of GPCR protomers and they are considered of relevance for physiology, pharmacology, and pathology of the nervous system. We hypothesize that RRI may also occur in the different structural elements of the CB (type I cells, type II cells, and afferent fibers), with potential implications in chemoreception, neuromodulation, and tissue plasticity. This ‘working hypothesis’ is supported by literature data reporting the contemporary expression, in type I cells, type II cells, or afferent terminals, of GPCRs which are able to physically interact with each other to form homo/hetero-complexes. Functional data about cross-talks in the CB between different neurotransmitters/neuromodulators also support the hypothesis. On the basis of the above findings, the most significant homo/hetero-complexes which could be postulated in the CB include receptors for dopamine, adenosine, ATP, opioids, histamine, serotonin, endothelin, galanin, GABA, cannabinoids, angiotensin, neurotensin, and melatonin. From a methodological point of view, future studies should demonstrate the colocalization in close proximity (less than 10 nm) of the above receptors, through biophysical (i.e., bioluminescence/fluorescence resonance energy transfer, protein-fragment complementation assay, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and photoactivated localization microscopy, X-ray crystallography) or biochemical (co-immunoprecipitation, in situ proximity ligation assay) methods. Moreover, functional approaches will be able to show if ligand binding to one receptor produces changes in the biochemical characteristics (ligand recognition, decoding, and trafficking processes) of the other(s). Plasticity aspects would be also of interest, as development and environmental stimuli (chronic continuous or intermittent hypoxia) produce changes in the expression of certain receptors which could potentially invest the dynamic monomer/oligomer equilibrium of homo/hetero-complexes and the correlated functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Stocco
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Agnati
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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80
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M'kacher R, Cuceu C, Al Jawhari M, Morat L, Frenzel M, Shim G, Lenain A, Hempel WM, Junker S, Girinsky T, Colicchio B, Dieterlen A, Heidingsfelder L, Borie C, Oudrhiri N, Bennaceur-Griscelli A, Moralès O, Renaud S, Van de Wyngaert Z, Jeandidier E, Delhem N, Carde P. The Transition between Telomerase and ALT Mechanisms in Hodgkin Lymphoma and Its Predictive Value in Clinical Outcomes. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E169. [PMID: 29848986 PMCID: PMC6025489 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We analyzed telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMMs) in lymph node samples from HL patients treated with standard therapy. The TMMs correlated with clinical outcomes of patients. Materials and Methods: Lymph node biopsies obtained from 38 HL patients and 24 patients with lymphadenitis were included in this study. Seven HL cell lines were used as in vitro models. Telomerase activity (TA) was assessed by TRAP assay and verified through hTERT immunofluorescence expression; alternative telomere lengthening (ALT) was also assessed, along with EBV status. Results: Both TA and ALT mechanisms were present in HL lymph nodes. Our findings were reproduced in HL cell lines. The highest levels of TA were expressed in CD30-/CD15- cells. Small cells were identified with ALT and TA. Hodgkin and Reed Sternberg cells contained high levels of PML bodies, but had very low hTERT expression. There was a significant correlation between overall survival (p < 10-3), event-free survival (p < 10-4), and freedom from progression (p < 10-3) and the presence of an ALT profile in lymph nodes of EBV+ patients. Conclusion: The presence of both types of TMMs in HL lymph nodes and in HL cell lines has not previously been reported. TMMs correlate with the treatment outcome of EBV+ HL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhia M'kacher
- Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et d'Oncologie, IRCM/DSV/CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France.
- Cell Environment, DNA Damages R&D, Oncology Section, 75020 Paris, France.
| | - Corina Cuceu
- Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et d'Oncologie, IRCM/DSV/CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France.
| | - Mustafa Al Jawhari
- Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et d'Oncologie, IRCM/DSV/CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France.
| | - Luc Morat
- Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et d'Oncologie, IRCM/DSV/CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France.
| | - Monika Frenzel
- Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et d'Oncologie, IRCM/DSV/CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France.
| | - Grace Shim
- Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et d'Oncologie, IRCM/DSV/CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France.
| | - Aude Lenain
- Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et d'Oncologie, IRCM/DSV/CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France.
| | - William M Hempel
- Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et d'Oncologie, IRCM/DSV/CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses, France.
| | - Steffen Junker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Theodore Girinsky
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94808 Villejuif, France.
| | - Bruno Colicchio
- IRIMAS, Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, 68093 Mulhouse, France.
| | - Alain Dieterlen
- IRIMAS, Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, 68093 Mulhouse, France.
| | | | - Claire Borie
- Université Paris Sud, Service d'hématologie moléculaire et cytogénétique Paul brousse CHU paris Sud, Inserm UMRS935, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Noufissa Oudrhiri
- Université Paris Sud, Service d'hématologie moléculaire et cytogénétique Paul brousse CHU paris Sud, Inserm UMRS935, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Annelise Bennaceur-Griscelli
- Université Paris Sud, Service d'hématologie moléculaire et cytogénétique Paul brousse CHU paris Sud, Inserm UMRS935, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Olivier Moralès
- CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-Immunoregulation of Virus-induced Cancers Team, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Sarah Renaud
- CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-Immunoregulation of Virus-induced Cancers Team, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Zoé Van de Wyngaert
- CHRU Lille Service des Maladies du Sang, Hopital Huriez, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - Eric Jeandidier
- Service de génétique, Groupe hospitalier de la région de Mulhouse Sud-Alsace, 68093 Mulhouse, France.
| | - Nadira Delhem
- CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-Immunoregulation of Virus-induced Cancers Team, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Patrice Carde
- Department of Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94808 Villejuif, France.
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81
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Bystrowska B, Frankowska M, Smaga I, Pomierny-Chamioło L, Filip M. Effects of Cocaine Self-Administration and Its Extinction on the Rat Brain Cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 Receptors. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:547-558. [PMID: 29754307 PMCID: PMC6154179 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9910-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the expression of cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2) receptor proteins in several brain regions in rats undergoing cocaine self-administration and extinction training. We used a triad-yoked procedure to distinguish between the motivational and pharmacological effects of cocaine. Using immunohistochemistry, we observed a significant decrease in CB1 receptor expression in the prefrontal cortex, dorsal striatum, and the basolateral and basomedial amygdala following cocaine (0.5 mg/kg/infusion) self-administration. Increased CB1 receptor expression in the ventral tegmental area in rats with previous cocaine exposure was also found. Following cocaine abstinence after 10 days of extinction training, we detected increases in the expression of CB1 receptors in the substantia nigra in both cocaine groups and in the subregions of the amygdala for only the yoked cocaine controls, while any method of cocaine exposure resulted in a decrease in CB2 receptor expression in the prefrontal cortex (p < 0.01), nucleus accumbens (p < 0.01), and medial globus pallidus (p < 0.01). Our findings further support the idea that the eCB system and CB1 receptors are involved in cocaine-reinforced behaviors. Moreover, we detected a cocaine-evoked adaptation in CB2 receptors in the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and globus pallidus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Bystrowska
- Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Frankowska
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Irena Smaga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawińska 8, 31-066, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lucyna Pomierny-Chamioło
- Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
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82
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Paroxetine and Low-dose Risperidone Induce Serotonin 5-HT1A and Dopamine D2 Receptor Heteromerization in the Mouse Prefrontal Cortex. Neuroscience 2018; 377:184-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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83
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Molinard-Chenu A, Dayer A. The Candidate Schizophrenia Risk Gene DGCR2 Regulates Early Steps of Corticogenesis. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:692-706. [PMID: 29305086 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in early steps of cortical circuit assembly are thought to play a critical role in vulnerability to schizophrenia (SZ), but the pathogenic impact of SZ-risk mutations on corticogenesis remains to be determined. DiGeorge syndrome critical region 2 (DGCR2) is located in the 22q11.2 locus, whose deletion is a major risk factor for SZ. Moreover, exome sequencing of individuals with idiopathic SZ identified a rare missense mutation in DGCR2, further suggesting that DGCR2 is involved in SZ. METHODS Here we investigated the function of Dgcr2 and the pathogenic impact of the SZ-risk DGCR2 mutation in mouse corticogenesis using in utero electroporation targeted to projection neurons. RESULTS Dgcr2 knockdown impaired radial locomotion and final translocation of projection neurons, leading to persistent laminar positioning alterations. The DGCR2 missense SZ-risk mutation had a pathogenic impact on projection neuron laminar allocation by reducing protein expression. Mechanistically, we identified Dgcr2 as a novel member of the Reelin complex, regulating the phosphorylation of Reelin-dependent substrates and the expression of Reelin-dependent transcriptional targets. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study provides biological evidence that the SZ-risk gene DGCR2 regulates critical steps of early corticogenesis possibly through a Reelin-dependent mechanism. Additionally, we found that the SZ-risk mutation in DGCR2 has a pathogenic impact on cortical formation by reducing protein expression level, suggesting a functional role for DGCR2 haploinsufficiency in the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Molinard-Chenu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Dayer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland.
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84
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Evidence for functional pre-coupled complexes of receptor heteromers and adenylyl cyclase. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1242. [PMID: 29593213 PMCID: PMC5871782 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), G proteins and adenylyl cyclase (AC) comprise one of the most studied transmembrane cell signaling pathways. However, it is unknown whether the ligand-dependent interactions between these signaling molecules are based on random collisions or the rearrangement of pre-coupled elements in a macromolecular complex. Furthermore, it remains controversial whether a GPCR homodimer coupled to a single heterotrimeric G protein constitutes a common functional unit. Using a peptide-based approach, we here report evidence for the existence of functional pre-coupled complexes of heteromers of adenosine A2A receptor and dopamine D2 receptor homodimers coupled to their cognate Gs and Gi proteins and to subtype 5 AC. We also demonstrate that this macromolecular complex provides the necessary frame for the canonical Gs-Gi interactions at the AC level, sustaining the ability of a Gi-coupled GPCR to counteract AC activation mediated by a Gs-coupled GPCR. It is unclear whether GPCRs, G proteins and adenylyl cyclase (AC) associate through random collisions or defined pre-coupling mechanisms. Using a peptide-based approach, the authors show that heteromers of adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors form pre-coupled complexes with their cognate G proteins and AC5.
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85
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Lai CY, Liu YJ, Lai HL, Chen HM, Kuo HC, Liao YP, Chern Y. The D2 Dopamine Receptor Interferes With the Protective Effect of the A 2A Adenosine Receptor on TDP-43 Mislocalization in Experimental Models of Motor Neuron Degeneration. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:187. [PMID: 29615863 PMCID: PMC5869924 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The A2A adenosine receptor (A2AR) and D2 dopamine receptor (D2R) are two G-protein-coupled receptors that can form dimers and negatively regulate their partners. TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) is a nuclear protein that has been implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Mislocalization of TDP-43 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is an early step of TDP-43 proteinopathy. Our previous studies indicated that A2AR is a potential drug target for ALS because treatment with an A2AR agonist (JMF1907; a T1-11 analog) prevents reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced TDP-43 mislocalization in a motor neuron cell line (NSC34) and delays motor impairment in a TDP-43 transgenic ALS mouse model. Here, we set out to assess whether activation of D2R interferes with the beneficial effects of an A2AR agonist on motor neurons. We first demonstrated that A2AR and D2R are both located in motor neurons of mouse and human spinal cords and human iPSC-derived motor neurons. Expression of A2AR and D2R in NSC34 cells led to dimer formation without affecting the binding affinity of A2AR toward T1-11. Importantly, activation of D2R reduced T1-11-mediated activation of cAMP/PKA signaling and subsequent inhibition of TDP-43 mislocalization in NSC34 cells. Treatment with quinpirole (a D2 agonist) blunted the rescuing effect of T1-11 on TDP-43 mislocalization and impaired grip strength in a mouse model of ALS. Our findings suggest that D2R activation may limit the beneficial responses of an A2AR agonist in motor neurons and may have an important role in ALS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-You Lai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Lin Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Mei Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yijuang Chern
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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86
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Guidolin D, Marcoli M, Tortorella C, Maura G, Agnati LF. G protein-coupled receptor-receptor interactions give integrative dynamics to intercellular communication. Rev Neurosci 2018; 29:703-726. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The proposal of receptor-receptor interactions (RRIs) in the early 1980s broadened the view on the role of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) in the dynamics of the intercellular communication. RRIs, indeed, allow GPCR to operate not only as monomers but also as receptor complexes, in which the integration of the incoming signals depends on the number, spatial arrangement, and order of activation of the protomers forming the complex. The main biochemical mechanisms controlling the functional interplay of GPCR in the receptor complexes are direct allosteric interactions between protomer domains. The formation of these macromolecular assemblies has several physiologic implications in terms of the modulation of the signaling pathways and interaction with other membrane proteins. It also impacts on the emerging field of connectomics, as it contributes to set and tune the synaptic strength. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that the transfer of GPCR and GPCR complexes between cells via the exosome pathway could enable the target cells to recognize/decode transmitters and/or modulators for which they did not express the pertinent receptors. Thus, this process may also open the possibility of a new type of redeployment of neural circuits. The fundamental aspects of GPCR complex formation and function are the focus of the present review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience , University of Padova, via Gabelli 65 , I-35121 Padova , Italy
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research , University of Genova , I-16126 Genova , Italy
| | - Cinzia Tortorella
- Department of Neuroscience , University of Padova, via Gabelli 65 , I-35121 Padova , Italy
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research , University of Genova , I-16126 Genova , Italy
| | - Luigi F. Agnati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , I-41121 Modena , Italy
- Department of Neuroscience , Karolinska Institutet , S-17177 Stockholm , Sweden
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87
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Singh SS, Jois SD. Homo- and Heterodimerization of Proteins in Cell Signaling: Inhibition and Drug Design. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2018; 111:1-59. [PMID: 29459028 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein dimerization controls many physiological processes in the body. Proteins form homo-, hetero-, or oligomerization in the cellular environment to regulate the cellular processes. Any deregulation of these processes may result in a disease state. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) can be inhibited by antibodies, small molecules, or peptides, and inhibition of PPI has therapeutic value. PPI drug discovery research has steadily increased in the last decade, and a few PPI inhibitors have already reached the pharmaceutical market. Several PPI inhibitors are in clinical trials. With advancements in structural and molecular biology methods, several methods are now available to study protein homo- and heterodimerization and their inhibition by drug-like molecules. Recently developed methods to study PPI such as proximity ligation assay and enzyme-fragment complementation assay that detect the PPI in the cellular environment are described with examples. At present, the methods used to design PPI inhibitors can be classified into three major groups: (1) structure-based drug design, (2) high-throughput screening, and (3) fragment-based drug design. In this chapter, we have described some of the experimental methods to study PPIs and their inhibition. Examples of homo- and heterodimers of proteins, their structural and functional aspects, and some of the inhibitors that have clinical importance are discussed. The design of PPI inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor heterodimers and CD2-CD58 is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitanshu S Singh
- Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, United States
| | - Seetharama D Jois
- Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, United States.
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88
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Szlachta M, Kuśmider M, Pabian P, Solich J, Kolasa M, Żurawek D, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M, Faron-Górecka A. Repeated Clozapine Increases the Level of Serotonin 5-HT 1AR Heterodimerization with 5-HT 2A or Dopamine D 2 Receptors in the Mouse Cortex. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:40. [PMID: 29497362 PMCID: PMC5818438 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) heterodimers are new targets for the treatment of schizophrenia. Dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors play an important role in neurotransmission and have been implicated in many human psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether antipsychotic drugs (clozapine (CLZ) and haloperidol (HAL)) affected the formation of heterodimers of D2–5-HT1A receptors as well as 5-HT1A–5-HT2A receptors. Proximity ligation assay (PLA) was used to accurately visualize, for the first time, GPCR heterodimers both at in vitro and ex vivo levels. In line with our previous behavioral studies, we used ketamine to induce cognitive deficits in mice. Our study confirmed the co-localization of D2/5-HT1A and 5-HT1A/5-HT2A receptors in the mouse cortex. Low-dose CLZ (0.3 mg/kg) administered repeatedly, but not CLZ at 1 mg/kg, increased the level of D2–5-HT1A and 5-HT1A–5-HT2A heterodimers in the mouse prefrontal and frontal cortex. On the other hand, HAL decreased the level of GPCR heterodimers. Ketamine affected the formation of 5-HT1A–5-HT2A, but not D2–5-HT1A, heterodimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Szlachta
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Kuśmider
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Pabian
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Solich
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kolasa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dariusz Żurawek
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Agata Faron-Górecka
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
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89
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Aguinaga D, Medrano M, Vega-Quiroga I, Gysling K, Canela EI, Navarro G, Franco R. Cocaine Effects on Dopaminergic Transmission Depend on a Balance between Sigma-1 and Sigma-2 Receptor Expression. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:17. [PMID: 29483862 PMCID: PMC5816031 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma σ1 and σ2 receptors are targets of cocaine. Despite sharing a similar name, the two receptors are structurally unrelated and their physiological role is unknown. Cocaine increases the level of dopamine, a key neurotransmitter in CNS motor control and reward areas. While the drug also affects dopaminergic signaling by allosteric modulations exerted by σ1R interacting with dopamine D1 and D2 receptors, the potential regulation of dopaminergic transmission by σ2R is also unknown. We here demonstrate that σ2R may form heteroreceptor complexes with D1 but not with D2 receptors. Remarkably σ1, σ2, and D1 receptors may form heterotrimers with particular signaling properties. Determination of cAMP levels, MAP kinase activation and label-free assays demonstrate allosteric interactions within the trimer. Importantly, the presence of σ2R induces bias in signal transduction as σ2R ligands increase cAMP signaling whereas reduce MAP kinase activation. These effects, which are opposite to those exerted via σ1R, suggest that the D1 receptor-mediated signaling depends on the degree of trimer formation and the differential balance of sigma receptor and heteroreceptor expression in acute versus chronic cocaine consumption. Although the physiological role is unknown, the heteroreceptor complex formed by σ1, σ2, and D1 receptors arise as relevant to convey the cocaine actions on motor control and reward circuits and as a key factor in acquisition of the addictive habit.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aguinaga
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Medrano
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Quiroga
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Katia Gysling
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enric I Canela
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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90
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Hinz S, Navarro G, Borroto-Escuela D, Seibt BF, Ammon YC, de Filippo E, Danish A, Lacher SK, Červinková B, Rafehi M, Fuxe K, Schiedel AC, Franco R, Müller CE. Adenosine A 2A receptor ligand recognition and signaling is blocked by A 2B receptors. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13593-13611. [PMID: 29568380 PMCID: PMC5862601 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenosine receptor (AR) subtypes A2A and A2B are rhodopsin-like Gs protein-coupled receptors whose expression is highly regulated under pathological, e.g. hypoxic, ischemic and inflammatory conditions. Both receptors play important roles in inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, are blocked by caffeine, and have now become major drug targets in immuno-oncology. By Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and proximity ligation assays (PLA) we demonstrated A2A-A2BAR heteromeric complex formation. Moreover we observed a dramatically altered pharmacology of the A2AAR when co-expressed with the A2BAR (A2B ≥ A2A) in recombinant as well as in native cells. In the presence of A2BARs, A2A-selective ligands lost high affinity binding to A2AARs and displayed strongly reduced potency in cAMP accumulation and dynamic mass redistribution (DMR) assays. These results have major implications for the use of A2AAR ligands as drugs as they will fail to modulate the receptor in an A2A-A2B heteromer context. Accordingly, A2A-A2BAR heteromers represent novel pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Hinz
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Benjamin F Seibt
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - York-Christoph Ammon
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elisabetta de Filippo
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Azeem Danish
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Svenja K Lacher
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Barbora Červinková
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Muhammad Rafehi
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anke C Schiedel
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rafael Franco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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91
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Feltmann K, Borroto‐Escuela DO, Rüegg J, Pinton L, de Oliveira Sergio T, Narváez M, Jimenez‐Beristain A, Ekström TJ, Fuxe K, Steensland P. Effects of Long-Term Alcohol Drinking on the Dopamine D2 Receptor: Gene Expression and Heteroreceptor Complexes in the Striatum in Rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:338-351. [PMID: 29205397 PMCID: PMC5817245 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) ligand binding has repeatedly been demonstrated in the striatum of humans with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The attenuated D2R binding has been suggested to reflect a reduced D2R density, which in turn has been proposed to drive craving and relapse. However, results from rodent studies addressing the effects of alcohol drinking on D2R density have been inconsistent. METHODS A validated alcohol drinking model (intermittent access to 20% alcohol) in Wistar rats was used to study the effects of voluntary alcohol drinking (at least 12 weeks) on the D2R in the striatum compared to age-matched alcohol-naïve control rats. Reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR was used to quantify isoform-specific Drd2 gene expression levels. Using bisulfite pyrosequencing, DNA methylation levels of a regulatory region of the Drd2 gene were determined. In situ proximity ligation assay was used to measure densities of D2R receptor complexes: D2R-D2R, adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR)-D2R, and sigma1 receptor (sigma1R)-D2R. RESULTS Long-term voluntary alcohol drinking significantly reduced mRNA levels of the long D2R isoform in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) but did not alter CpG methylation levels in the analyzed sequence of the Drd2 gene. Alcohol drinking also reduced the striatal density of D2R-D2R homoreceptor complexes, increased the density of A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes in the NAc shell and the dorsal striatum, and decreased the density of sigma1R-D2R heteroreceptor complexes in the dorsal striatum. CONCLUSIONS The present results on long-term alcohol drinking might reflect reduced D2R levels through reductions in D2R-D2R homoreceptor complexes and gene expression. Furthermore, based on antagonistic interactions between A2AR and D2R, an increased density of A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes might indicate a reduced affinity and signaling of the D2R population within the complex. Hence, both reduced striatal D2R levels and reduced D2R protomer affinity within the striatal A2AR-D2R complex might underlie reduced D2R radioligand binding in humans with AUD. This supports the hypothesis of a hypodopaminergic system in AUD and suggests the A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complex as a potential novel treatment target.
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MESH Headings
- Alcohol Drinking
- Animals
- Central Nervous System Depressants/pharmacology
- Corpus Striatum/drug effects
- Corpus Striatum/metabolism
- Ethanol/pharmacology
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Male
- Multiprotein Complexes/drug effects
- Multiprotein Complexes/metabolism
- Nucleus Accumbens/drug effects
- Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/drug effects
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Receptors, sigma/drug effects
- Receptors, sigma/metabolism
- Sigma-1 Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Feltmann
- Center for Psychiatry ResearchDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska Institutet& Stockholm Health Care ServicesStockholm County CouncilStockholmSweden
| | | | - Joëlle Rüegg
- Center for Molecular MedicineDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- SwetoxUnit of Toxicology SciencesKarolinska InstitutetSödertäljeSweden
| | - Luca Pinton
- Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Thatiane de Oliveira Sergio
- Center for Psychiatry ResearchDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska Institutet& Stockholm Health Care ServicesStockholm County CouncilStockholmSweden
| | - Manuel Narváez
- Facultad de MedicinaInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de MálagaUniversity of MálagaMalagaSpain
| | | | - Tomas J. Ekström
- Center for Molecular MedicineDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Pia Steensland
- Center for Psychiatry ResearchDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska Institutet& Stockholm Health Care ServicesStockholm County CouncilStockholmSweden
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92
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Ballesteros-Yáñez I, Castillo CA, Merighi S, Gessi S. The Role of Adenosine Receptors in Psychostimulant Addiction. Front Pharmacol 2018; 8:985. [PMID: 29375384 PMCID: PMC5767594 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (AR) are a family of G-protein coupled receptors, comprised of four members, named A1, A2A, A2B, and A3 receptors, found widely distributed in almost all human body tissues and organs. To date, they are known to participate in a large variety of physiopathological responses, which include vasodilation, pain, and inflammation. In particular, in the central nervous system (CNS), adenosine acts as a neuromodulator, exerting different functions depending on the type of AR and consequent cellular signaling involved. In terms of molecular pathways and second messengers involved, A1 and A3 receptors inhibit adenylyl cyclase (AC), through Gi/o proteins, while A2A and A2B receptors stimulate it through Gs proteins. In the CNS, A1 receptors are widely distributed in the cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum, A2A receptors are localized mainly in the striatum and olfactory bulb, while A2B and A3 receptors are found at low levels of expression. In addition, AR are able to form heteromers, both among themselves (e.g., A1/A2A), as well as with other subtypes (e.g., A2A/D2), opening a whole range of possibilities in the field of the pharmacology of AR. Nowadays, we know that adenosine, by acting on adenosine A1 and A2A receptors, is known to antagonistically modulate dopaminergic neurotransmission and therefore reward systems, being A1 receptors colocalized in heteromeric complexes with D1 receptors, and A2A receptors with D2 receptors. This review documents the present state of knowledge of the contribution of AR, particularly A1 and A2A, to psychostimulants-mediated effects, including locomotor activity, discrimination, seeking and reward, and discuss their therapeutic relevance to psychostimulant addiction. Studies presented in this review reinforce the potential of A1 agonists as an effective strategy to counteract psychostimulant-induced effects. Furthermore, different experimental data support the hypothesis that A2A/D2 heterodimers are partly responsible for the psychomotor and reinforcing effects of psychostimulant drugs, such as cocaine and amphetamine, and the stimulation of A2A receptor is proposed as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of drug addiction. The overall analysis of presented data provide evidence that excitatory modulation of A1 and A2A receptors constitute promising tools to counteract psychostimulants addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Ballesteros-Yáñez
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Carlos A. Castillo
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, School of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Stefania Merighi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Gessi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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93
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Ferré S, Quiroz C, Guitart X, Rea W, Seyedian A, Moreno E, Casadó-Anguera V, Díaz-Ríos M, Casadó V, Clemens S, Allen RP, Earley CJ, García-Borreguero D. Pivotal Role of Adenosine Neurotransmission in Restless Legs Syndrome. Front Neurosci 2018; 11:722. [PMID: 29358902 PMCID: PMC5766678 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The symptomatology of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) includes periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS), dysesthesias, and hyperarousal. Alterations in the dopaminergic system, a presynaptic hyperdopaminergic state, seem to be involved in PLMS, while alterations in glutamatergic neurotransmission, a presynaptic hyperglutamatergic state, seem to be involved in hyperarousal and also PLMS. Brain iron deficiency (BID) is well-recognized as a main initial pathophysiological mechanism of RLS. BID in rodents have provided a pathogenetic model of RLS that recapitulates the biochemical alterations of the dopaminergic system of RLS, although without PLMS-like motor abnormalities. On the other hand, BID in rodents reproduces the circadian sleep architecture of RLS, indicating the model could provide clues for the hyperglutamatergic state in RLS. We recently showed that BID in rodents is associated with changes in adenosinergic transmission, with downregulation of adenosine A1 receptors (A1R) as the most sensitive biochemical finding. It was hypothesized that A1R downregulation leads to hypersensitive striatal glutamatergic terminals and facilitation of striatal dopamine release. Hypersensitivity of striatal glutamatergic terminals was demonstrated by an optogenetic-microdialysis approach in the rodent with BID, indicating that it could represent a main pathogenetic factor that leads to PLMS in RLS. In fact, the dopaminergic agonists pramipexole and ropinirole and the α2δ ligand gabapentin, used in the initial symptomatic treatment of RLS, completely counteracted optogenetically-induced glutamate release from both normal and BID-induced hypersensitive corticostriatal glutamatergic terminals. It is a main tenet of this essay that, in RLS, a single alteration in the adenosinergic system, downregulation of A1R, disrupts the adenosine-dopamine-glutamate balance uniquely controlled by adenosine and dopamine receptor heteromers in the striatum and also the A1R-mediated inhibitory control of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the cortex and other non-striatal brain areas, which altogether determine both PLMS and hyperarousal. Since A1R agonists would be associated with severe cardiovascular effects, it was hypothesized that inhibitors of nucleoside equilibrative transporters, such as dipyridamole, by increasing the tonic A1R activation mediated by endogenous adenosine, could represent a new alternative therapeutic strategy for RLS. In fact, preliminary clinical data indicate that dipyridamole can significantly improve the symptomatology of RLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - César Quiroz
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xavier Guitart
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - William Rea
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Arta Seyedian
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Network and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verònica Casadó-Anguera
- Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Network and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Díaz-Ríos
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Network and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefan Clemens
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Richard P Allen
- Center for Restless Legs Study, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Christopher J Earley
- Center for Restless Legs Study, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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94
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In Situ Proximity Ligation Assay (PLA) Analysis of Protein Complexes Formed Between Golgi-Resident, Glycosylation-Related Transporters and Transferases in Adherent Mammalian Cell Cultures. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1496:133-43. [PMID: 27632007 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6463-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) is a novel, revolutionary technique that can be employed to visualize protein complexes in fixed cells and tissues. This approach enables demonstration of close (i.e., up to 40 nm) proximity between any two proteins of interest that can be detected using a pair of specific antibodies that have been raised in distinct species. Primary antibodies bound to the target proteins are subsequently recognized by two PLA probes, i.e., secondary antibodies conjugated with oligonucleotides that anneal when brought into close proximity in the presence of two connector oligonucleotides and a DNA ligase forming a circular DNA molecule. In the next step, the resulting circular DNA is amplified by a rolling circle polymerase. Finally, fluorescent oligonucleotide probes hybridize to complementary fragments of the amplified DNA molecule, forming a typical, spot-like pattern of PLA signal that reflects subcellular localization of protein complexes. Here we describe the use of in situ PLA in adherent cultures of mammalian cells in order to visualize interactions between Golgi-resident, functionally related glycosyltransferases and nucleotide sugar transporters relevant to N-glycan biosynthesis.
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95
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Narvaez M, Valladolid-Acebes I, Shumilov K, Di Palma M, Wydra K, Schaefer T, Reyes-Resina I, Navarro G, Mudó G, Filip M, Sartini S, Friedland K, Schellekens H, Beggiato S, Ferraro L, Tanganelli S, Franco R, Belluardo N, Ambrogini P, Pérez de la Mora M, Fuxe K. Detection, Analysis, and Quantification of GPCR Homo- and Heteroreceptor Complexes in Specific Neuronal Cell Populations Using the In Situ Proximity Ligation Assay. RECEPTOR-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8576-0_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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96
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Fernandez-Duenas V, Ferré S, Ciruela F. Adenosine A 2A-dopamine D 2 receptor heteromers operate striatal function: impact on Parkinson's disease pharmacotherapeutics. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:241-243. [PMID: 29557372 PMCID: PMC5879894 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.226388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Fernandez-Duenas
- Unitat de Farmacologia, DepartamentPatologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Unitat de Farmacologia, DepartamentPatologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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97
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Nazario LR, da Silva RS, Bonan CD. Targeting Adenosine Signaling in Parkinson's Disease: From Pharmacological to Non-pharmacological Approaches. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:658. [PMID: 29217998 PMCID: PMC5703841 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease displaying negative impacts on both the health and social ability of patients and considerable economical costs. The classical anti-parkinsonian drugs based in dopaminergic replacement are the standard treatment, but several motor side effects emerge during long-term use. This mini-review presents the rationale to several efforts from pre-clinical and clinical studies using adenosine receptor antagonists as a non-dopaminergic therapy. As several studies have indicated that the monotherapy with adenosine receptor antagonists reaches limited efficacy, the usage as a co-adjuvant appeared to be a promising strategy. The formulation of multi-targeted drugs, using adenosine receptor antagonists and other neurotransmitter systems than the dopaminergic one as targets, have been receiving attention since Parkinson's disease presents a complex biological impact. While pharmacological approaches to cure or ameliorate the conditions of PD are the leading strategy in this area, emerging positive aspects have arisen from non-pharmacological approaches and adenosine function inhibition appears to improve both strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza R Nazario
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rosane S da Silva
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carla D Bonan
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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98
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Taura J, Valle-León M, Sahlholm K, Watanabe M, Van Craenenbroeck K, Fernández-Dueñas V, Ferré S, Ciruela F. Behavioral control by striatal adenosine A 2A -dopamine D 2 receptor heteromers. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2017; 17:e12432. [PMID: 29053217 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) exhibit the ability to form receptor complexes that include molecularly different GPCR (ie, GPCR heteromers), which endow them with singular functional and pharmacological characteristics. The relative expression of GPCR heteromers remains a matter of intense debate. Recent studies support that adenosine A2A receptors (A2A R) and dopamine D2 receptors (D2 R) predominantly form A2A R-D2 R heteromers in the striatum. The aim of the present study was evaluating the behavioral effects of pharmacological manipulation and genetic blockade of A2A R and D2 R within the frame of such a predominant striatal heteromeric population. First, in order to avoid possible strain-related differences, a new D2 R-deficient mouse with the same genetic background (CD-1) than the A2A R knock-out mouse was generated. Locomotor activity, pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) and drug-induced catalepsy were then evaluated in wild-type, A2A R and D2 R knock-out mice, with and without the concomitant administration of either the D2 R agonist sumanirole or the A2A R antagonist SCH442416. SCH442416-mediated locomotor effects were demonstrated to be dependent on D2 R signaling. Similarly, a significant dependence on A2A R signaling was observed for PPI and for haloperidol-induced catalepsy. The results could be explained by the existence of one main population of striatal postsynaptic A2A R-D2 R heteromers, which may constitute a relevant target for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Taura
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Valle-León
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - K Sahlholm
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of GPCR Expression and Signal Transduction, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - V Fernández-Dueñas
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - F Ciruela
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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99
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Wang J, Fresquez T, Kandachar V, Deretic D. The Arf GEF GBF1 and Arf4 synergize with the sensory receptor cargo, rhodopsin, to regulate ciliary membrane trafficking. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:3975-3987. [PMID: 29025970 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.205492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase Arf4 and the Arf GTPase-activating protein (GAP) ASAP1 cooperatively sequester sensory receptor cargo into transport carriers targeted to primary cilia, but the input that drives Arf4 activation in this process remains unknown. Here, we show, by using frog retinas and recombinant human proteins, that during the carrier biogenesis from the photoreceptor Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) a functional complex is formed between Arf4, the Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) GBF1 and the light-sensing receptor, rhodopsin. Rhodopsin and Arf4 bind the regulatory N-terminal dimerization and cyclophillin-binding (DCB)-homology upstream of Sec7 (HUS) domain of GBF1. The complex is sensitive to Golgicide A (GCA), a selective inhibitor of GBF1 that accordingly blocks rhodopsin delivery to the cilia, without disrupting the photoreceptor Golgi. The emergence of newly synthesized rhodopsin in the endomembrane system is essential for GBF1-Arf4 complex formation in vivo Notably, GBF1 interacts with the Arf GAP ASAP1 in a GCA-resistant manner. Our findings indicate that converging signals on GBF1 from the influx of cargo into the Golgi/TGN and the feedback from Arf4, combined with input from ASAP1, control Arf4 activation during sensory membrane trafficking to primary cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Theresa Fresquez
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Vasundhara Kandachar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Dusanka Deretic
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA .,Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
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Szafran-Pilch K, Faron-Górecka A, Kolasa M, Żurawek D, Szlachta M, Solich J, Kuśmider M, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M. Antidepressants promote formation of heterocomplexes of dopamine D2 and somatostatin subtype 5 receptors in the mouse striatum. Brain Res Bull 2017; 135:92-97. [PMID: 28987282 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between the dopaminergic and somatostatinergic systems is considered to play a potential role in mood regulation. Chronic administration of antidepressants influences release of both neurotransmitters. The molecular basis of the functional cooperation may stem from the physical interaction of somatostatin receptor subtypes and dopamine D2 receptors since they colocalize in striatal interneurons and were shown to undergo ligand-dependent heterodimerization in heterologous expression systems. In present study we adapted in situ proximity ligation assay to investigate the occurrence of D2-Sst5 receptor heterocomplexes, and their possible alterations in the striatum of mice treated acutely and repeatedly (21days) with antidepressant drugs of different pharmacological profiles (escitalopram and desipramine). Additionally we analysed number of heterocomplexes in primary striatal neuronal cultures incubated with both antidepressant drugs for 1h and 6days. The studies revealed that antidepressants increase formation of D2-Sst5 receptors heterodimers. These findings provide interesting evidence that dopamine D2 and somatostatin Sst5 heterodimers may be considered as potential mediators of antidepressant effects, since the heterodimerization of these receptors occurs in native brain tissue as well as in primary striatal neuronal cultures where receptors are expressed at physiological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Szafran-Pilch
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Faron-Górecka
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kolasa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Żurawek
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Szlachta
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Solich
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Kuśmider
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Dziedzicka-Wasylewska
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
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