51
|
Masticaticatory muscles characteristics in relation to adiposity and general muscular fitness: a population-based study. Odontology 2023:10.1007/s10266-023-00785-1. [PMID: 36694084 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00785-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
There is still considerable controversy surrounding the impact of mastication on obesity. The aim of this study was to identify the interplay between the masticatory muscles, teeth, and general muscular fitness and how they contribute to body adiposity in a general German population. This cross-sectional study included 616 participants (300 male, 316 female, age 31-93 years) from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania. The cross-sectional areas of the masseter, medial and lateral pterygoid muscles were measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), muscular fitness assessed by hand grip strength (HGS) and body fat distribution was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and MRI. The overall prevalence of obesity was high in our cohort. The cross-sectional area of the masseter muscles was positively associated with the number of teeth, body mass index (BMI) and HGS, and negatively associated with the BIA-assessed body fat when adjusted for age, sex, teeth, and BMI. Especially the correlation was strong (p < 0.001). Analogous relationships were observed between the masseter, HGS and MRI-assessed subcutaneous fat. These associations were most pronounced with masseter, but also significant with both pterygoid muscles. Though the masticatory muscles were affected by the number of teeth, teeth had no impact on the relations between masseter muscle and adiposity. Physical fitness and masticatory performance are associated with body shape, controlled and directed by the relevant muscles.
Collapse
|
52
|
Nakai S, Suzuki F, Okamoto S, Miyagi S, Tsujiguchi H, Hara A, Nguyen TTT, Shimizu Y, Hayashi K, Suzuki K, Kasahara T, Nakamura M, Takazawa C, Kannon T, Tajima A, Tsuboi H, Ogino N, Konoshita T, Takamura T, Nakamura H. Association between Bone Mineral Density and Oral Frailty on Renal Function: Findings from the Shika Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:314. [PMID: 36766889 PMCID: PMC9913924 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between oral frailty (OFr) and body action has been investigated, but its association with systemic function remains unclear. Therefore, this cross-sectional study examined the association between OFr with decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and renal function in residents of Shika town, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan aged ≥40 years. This study included 400 inhabitants. The OFr total score was assessed using three oral domains in the Kihon Checklist (a self-reported comprehensive health checklist), the number of teeth, and brushing frequency per day. Measurements were the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the osteo-sono assessment index (OSI). Using a two-way analysis of covariance (p = 0.002), significantly lower OSI was indicated in the eGFR < 60 and OFr group than in the eGFR of < 60 and non-OFr group after adjusting for age, body mass index, and drinking and smoking status as confounding factors. Multiple logistic regression analysis confirmed this relationship (p = 0.006). Therefore, lower BMD seems to be associated with lower renal function only when accompanied by OFr. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Nakai
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Suzuki
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Community Medicine Support Dentistry, Ohu University Hospital, Koriyama 963-8611, Japan
| | - Shigefumi Okamoto
- Advanced Health Care Science Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0942, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0942, Japan
| | - Sakae Miyagi
- Innovative Clinical Research Center, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tsujiguchi
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, 1-13 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, 1-13 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Thao Thi Thu Nguyen
- Faculty of Public Health, Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ngo Quyen, Hai Phong 180000, Vietnam
| | - Yukari Shimizu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Komatsu University, 14-1 Mukaimotorimachi, Komatsu 923-0961, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hayashi
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Keita Suzuki
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kasahara
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Masaharu Nakamura
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Chie Takazawa
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kannon
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, 1-13 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tajima
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, 1-13 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Hirohito Tsuboi
- Graduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka-cho, Hikone 522-8533, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Ogino
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku 783-8505, Japan
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Iseigaoka 1-1, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Tadashi Konoshita
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Toshinari Takamura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, 1-13 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Saito M, Shimazaki Y, Yoshii S, Takeyama H. Association of self-rated chewing function and oral health status with metabolic syndrome. J Oral Sci 2023; 65:29-33. [PMID: 36529512 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.22-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to examine the association of self-rated chewing function, the number of teeth and periodontal status with metabolic syndrome. METHODS The participants were 11,119 adults aged 40-74 years who underwent specific health checkups, including an oral health examination, in 2018 in Japan. This study used the standard questions of the specific health checkups to obtain information on self-rated chewing function. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed with metabolic syndrome status as the dependent variable, and age, sex, lifestyle questions, self-rated chewing function, number of teeth, and periodontal status as the independent variables. RESULTS Number of teeth and periodontal status were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome after adjusting for confounding variables. Self-rated chewing function was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome in the crude analysis, but not after adjustment for confounding variables. Both number of teeth and periodontal status were significantly associated with self-rated chewing function. CONCLUSION There was no significant direct association between self-rated chewing function and metabolic syndrome. Self-rated chewing function may be an indicator of poor oral condition that links to metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Saito
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Yoshihiro Shimazaki
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
54
|
Zhu L, Zong X, Shi X, Ouyang X. Association between Intrinsic Capacity and Sarcopenia in Hospitalized Older Patients. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:542-549. [PMID: 37498101 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1946-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to clarify the association between intrinsic capacity (IC) and sarcopenia in hospitalized older patients. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Hospital-based. PARTICIPANTS This study included 381 inpatients aged ≥ 60 years (225 men and 156 women). MEASUREMENTS IC was evaluated in five domains defined by the World Health Organization: cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination), locomotion (Short Physical Performance Battery test), vitality (Short-Form Mini Nutritional Assessment), sensory (self-reported hearing and vision) and psychological (5-item Geriatric Depression Scale) capacities. IC composite score (0-5) was calculated based on five domains, with lower scores representing greater IC. Sarcopenia was defined in accordance with the criteria recommended by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were performed to explore the associations between IC composite score and IC domains with sarcopenia and its defining components. RESULTS The mean age of 381 patients included was 81.95±8.42 years. Of them, 128 (33.6%) patients had sarcopenia. The median IC composite score was 1 (1, 2). Cognition, locomotion, vitality, sensory and psychological capacities were impaired in 22.6%, 63.5%, 18.9%, 27.3% and 11.3% of patients. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that favorable IC domain scores in cognition, locomotion and vitality were associated with a stronger handgrip strength. A higher vitality score was associated with a greater appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), and a higher locomotion score was associated with a greater gait speed. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only vitality impairment was associated with sarcopenia. A higher IC composite score was associated with higher risks of sarcopenia, as well as low ASMI, handgrip strength and gait speed. CONCLUSION This study indicated that a more serious impairment of IC was associated with a greater risk of sarcopenia. Vitality was the domain most strongly associated with sarcopenia. IC may be employed to detect and manage sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Zhu
- Xiaojun Ouyang, Department of Geriatrics, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, E-mail:
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
Zhang XM, Jiao J, Cao J, Wu X. The association between the number of teeth and frailty among older nursing home residents: a cross-sectional study of the CLHLS survey. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:1007. [PMID: 36585614 PMCID: PMC9805096 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that few studies have explored the association between oral health and frailty among older nursing home residents, the purpose of this study was to assess the association between oral health (i.e., the number of teeth and oral behaviors) and frailty in this population using the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). METHODS This was a national cross-sectional study derived from the seventh wave of CLHLS in 2018, consisting of 365 older nursing home residents aged 65 years or older. The frailty index was constructed based on 32 variables consisting of self-rated health status, anxiety, depression, ADL and IADL. Oral health was measured through the number of natural teeth and tooth brushing behavior. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify this association between the number of teeth, oral health behaviors, and frailty. RESULTS The mean age of this sample was 87.6 (SD = 9.5), with 154 (42.2%) males. The prevalence of frailty and edentulism was 71.2% and 33.4%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis found that the likelihood of frailty decreased with an increased number of teeth, with an OR of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91-0.98). Compared with participants with edentulism, older adults with 1 to 20 teeth had a lower likelihood of frailty (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17-0.88); these results were also found in older adults with more than 20 teeth (OR = 0.20, 0.07-0.57). Additionally, older adults who brush their teeth regularly have a lower likelihood of frailty than those who never brush their teeth (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.13-0.99). CONCLUSION Older nursing home residents who maintain their natural teeth can help lower the risk of frailty, and regular toothbrushing also contributes to decreasing the risk of frailty. Our study emphasizes the importance of oral health, and cohort studies with large-scale samples to address this important issue are warranted in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Zhang
- grid.413106.10000 0000 9889 6335Department of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus), Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jiao
- grid.413106.10000 0000 9889 6335Department of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus), Beijing, China
| | - Jing Cao
- grid.413106.10000 0000 9889 6335Department of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus), Beijing, China
| | - Xinjuan Wu
- grid.413106.10000 0000 9889 6335Department of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus), Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Prokopidis K, Witard OC. Understanding the role of smoking and chronic excess alcohol consumption on reduced caloric intake and the development of sarcopenia. Nutr Res Rev 2022; 35:197-206. [PMID: 34027849 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422421000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This narrative review provides mechanistic insight into the biological link between smoking and/or chronic excess alcohol consumption, and increased risk of developing sarcopenia. Although the combination of excessive alcohol consumption and smoking is often associated with ectopic adipose deposition, this review is focused on the context of a reduced caloric intake (leading to energy deficit) that also may ensue due to either lifestyle habit. Smoking is a primary cause of periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that both induce swallowing difficulties, inhibit taste and mastication, and are associated with increased risk of muscle atrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction. Smoking may contribute to physical inactivity, energy deficit via reduced caloric intake, and increased systemic inflammation, all of which are factors known to suppress muscle protein synthesis rates. Moreover, chronic excess alcohol consumption may result in gut microbiota dysbiosis and autophagy-induced hyperammonemia, initiating the up-regulation of muscle protein breakdown and down-regulation of muscle protein synthesis via activation of myostatin, AMPK and REDD1, and deactivation of IGF-1. Future research is warranted to explore the link between oral healthcare management and personalised nutrition counselling in light of potential detrimental consequences of chronic smoking on musculoskeletal health outcomes in older adults. Experimental studies should investigate the impact of smoking and chronic excess alcohol consumption on the gut-brain axis, and explore biomarkers of smoking-induced oral disease progression. The implementation of behavioural change interventions and health policies regarding smoking and alcohol intake habits may mitigate the clinical and financial burden of sarcopenia on the healthcare system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Prokopidis
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, White City, London, UK
| | - Oliver C Witard
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Kim HE, Wallace J, Sohn W. Factors Affecting Masticatory Performance of Older Adults Are Sex-Dependent: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15742. [PMID: 36497815 PMCID: PMC9735781 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study assessed the oral and physical factors contributing to improvement of the masticatory performance of community-dwelling older adults in South Korea. We enrolled 84 healthy older adults (38 men, 46 women; age, 71.40 ± 5.15 years) and assessed their skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), functional tooth units (FTUs), and mixing ability index (MAI). Associations between variables were analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient, and the effects of SMI and FTUs on the MAI were evaluated through linear multiple regression. FTUs were positively associated with the MAI in men and women (r = 0.339, p = 0.038 and r = 0.461, p = 0.001, respectively). SMI and FTUs were moderately associated in men (r = 0.459, p = 0.004). MAI showed an approximately 4.4 times increase for each FTU in men (B = 4.442, p = 0.037); however, after the SMI was added, this effect was no longer significant. In women, the MAI increased by about 6.7 times with each FTU (B = 6.685, p = 0.004). FTUs had a significant effect on the MAI only in women with low muscle mass. While there was no significant effect of the SMI on the MAI, its influence should not be overlooked.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Eun Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Gachon University College of Health Science, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Janet Wallace
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney School of Dentistry, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Woosung Sohn
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney School of Dentistry, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Geurden B, Cant J, Beckers J. Food Accessibility in the Suburbs of the Metropolitan City of Antwerp (Belgium): A Factor of Concern in Local Public Health and Active and Healthy Aging. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15754. [PMID: 36497829 PMCID: PMC9737850 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Population aging and declining birth rates are key demographic trends of the 21st century. While the overall life expectancy and healthy life years increase, the quality of life and functional capacity worsens due to non-communicable diseases strongly related to aging. Therefore, aging citizens are often vulnerable to food insecurity. The aim of this paper is to provide insights into the physical accessibility of fresh food and possible alternatives within the setting of an aging society in Antwerp (Belgium), a metropolitan city at the heart of the EU Reference Site 'Three Rivers Food Delta'. We demonstrate that a large number of the Antwerp suburban areas in which 15 to 25% of current inhabitants are already over 65 years old are confronted with problematic physical accessibility of food due to long walking distances to the nearest food shop. E-commerce has the potential to provide better access to fresh food. This is especially relevant for people with specific needs, such as health-related diets, dysphagia, and/or limited mobility. However, e-commerce introduces new inequalities, as those who would benefit the most from digital accessibility currently use it least. Hence, the organization of fresh food access requires a more thoughtful organization of the 'last mile' and possible alternatives to home delivery. This makes food accessibility an urgent factor of concern in public health and healthy aging in the Antwerp suburban areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bart Geurden
- Centre for Research and Innovation of Care (CRIC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
- Center for Gastrology and Primary Food Care, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Reference Site Three Rivers FoodDelta, EIP on AHA Reference Site Collaborative Network (RSCN), 1040 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Cant
- Research Group for Urban Development, Faculty of Design Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joris Beckers
- Department of Transport and Regional Economics, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Dental Prosthetic Rehabilitation Interventions in Elderly Patients Hospitalized in the Nursing Homes of the Lombardy Region: A Retrospective Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10112328. [DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The difficulty of frail, non-self-sufficient or non-ambulatory collaborating elderly residents in nursing homes to eat due to a lack of teeth or the absence of a dental prosthesis leads to an increasingly evident increase in the patients’ systemic pathological state, particularly in older patients who take a lot of medications. Total or partial edentulousness that is not filled with dental prostheses or that is filled with inadequate prostheses, associated with socioeconomic factors, depression, impaired motor functions, heart disease and a large number of chronic diseases including excessive use of drugs, often affects elderlies’ feeding. Aim: In this study, prosthetic rehabilitation was performed on some frail elderly residents in 10 nursing homes in the Lombardy district, and, subsequently, meal behavior and social activity were examined in two information questionnaires through compilation. Methods: The research was conducted on only 67 patients, 26 men and 41 women, aged between 75 and 99, who were guests in 10 health facilities (nursing homes) in the Lombard district; only 8 residents did not undergo prosthetic rehabilitation, as they did not cooperate. All the patients who were visited underwent oral prosthetic rehabilitation, and, subsequently, some aspects such as nutrition and socialization were assessed with other residents through the aid of two information dossiers. Results: the results showed that all the residents, despite difficulties in chewing with the new prosthesis, were fed and did not refuse more consistent foods; in addition, there was an improvement in social activity among the residents. Only 19.3% of men and 22% of women continued to eat little; there was an improvement in the participation in social activities among the residents, with a percentage of 73% of men and 88% of women; in particular, during meals 35 residents conversed with the other residents. Discussion: The dental problems of elderly people residing in social welfare homes are increasingly evident when other systemic pathologies are present. It would be desirable to introduce telemedicine in residences for the elderly for the monitoring of dental problems. Conclusions: From the information obtained and from the evaluation of the change in the elderly, it can be concluded that it would be desirable to include specific dental protocols to create a network, including a telematic one, to monitor and perform more dental checks in nursing homes.
Collapse
|
60
|
Coelho-Junior HJ, Calvani R, Picca A, Tosato M, Landi F, Marzetti E. Reply to Grant, W.B. Comment on "Coelho-Junior et al. Protein Intake and Frailty in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Nutrients 2022, 14, 2767". Nutrients 2022; 14:4881. [PMID: 36432568 PMCID: PMC9698248 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between protein consumption and frailty in older adults [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Junior
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70100 Casamassima, Italy
| | - Matteo Tosato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Theodorea CF, Diven S, Hendrawan D, Djais AA, Bachtiar BM, Widyarman AS, Seneviratne CJ. Characterization of Oral Veillonella Species in Dental Biofilms in Healthy and Stunted Groups of Children Aged 6-7 Years in East Nusa Tenggara. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13998. [PMID: 36360876 PMCID: PMC9656475 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Impaired development that causes stunting is one of the most common health problems in Indonesia. In particular, the highest number of cases of stunting in Indonesia was reported in the East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) province. Previous studies have shown a tendency for deteriorating oral hygiene in children with a poor nutritional status. In addition, a higher proportion of oral Veillonella has been reported in children with poor oral hygiene. However, the relationship between populations of oral Veillonella and stunting has not been studied before. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the oral Veillonella profile in the dental biofilms of healthy and stunted children aged 6-7 years. The participants were 60 elementary school students in the Nangapanda District, Ende, NTT, Indonesia. In this study, real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to examine dental biofilm samples from the healthy (n = 31) and stunted (n = 29) groups. The results revealed that seven oral Veillonella species were found in all groups. However, the number of four oral Veillonella species significantly differed between the healthy and stunted groups: V. denticariosi, V. infantium, V. rogosae, and V. tobetsuensis. This is the first study to demonstrate a potential association between oral Veillonella species and stunting in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Citra Fragrantia Theodorea
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Central Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Saint Diven
- Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Devin Hendrawan
- Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Ariadna Adisattya Djais
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Central Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Boy Muchlis Bachtiar
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Central Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Armelia Sari Widyarman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jalan Kyai Tapa No. 1, West Jakarta 11440, Indonesia
| | - Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore
- Oral Health Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Jayasinghe TN, Harrass S, Erdrich S, King S, Eberhard J. Protein Intake and Oral Health in Older Adults-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:4478. [PMID: 36364741 PMCID: PMC9653899 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral health is vital to general health and well-being for all ages, and as with other chronic conditions, oral health problems increase with age. There is a bi-directional link between nutrition and oral health, in that nutrition affects the health of oral tissues and saliva, and the health of the mouth may affect the foods consumed. Evidence suggests that a healthy diet generally has a positive impact on oral health in older adults. Although studies examining the direct link between oral health and protein intake in older adults are limited, some have explored the relationship via malnutrition, which is also prevalent among older adults. Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) may be associated with poor oral health, dental caries, enamel hypoplasia, and salivary gland atrophy. This narrative review presents the theoretical evidence on the impact of dietary protein and amino acid composition on oral health, and their combined impact on overall health in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thilini N. Jayasinghe
- The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sanaa Harrass
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sharon Erdrich
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Shalinie King
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Joerg Eberhard
- The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Yamato M, Matsuyama S, Murakami Y, Aida J, Lu Y, Sugawara Y, Tsuji I. Association between the number of remaining teeth and disability-free life expectancy, and the impact of oral self-care in older Japanese adults: a prospective cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:820. [PMID: 36280835 PMCID: PMC9590145 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03541-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tooth loss has been reportedly associated with shorter disability-free life expectancy (DFLE). However, no study has explored whether oral self-care offsets reduction in DFLE. The present study aimed to assess the association between oral self-care and DFLE in older individuals with tooth loss. Methods Data on the 13-year follow-up from a cohort study of 14,206 older Japanese adults aged ≥ 65 years in 2006 were analyzed. Information on the number of remaining teeth was collected using a questionnaire, and the participants were then categorized into three groups (0–9, 10–19, and ≥ 20 teeth). Additionally, “0–9” and “10–19” groups were divided into two subgroups based on whether they practiced oral self-care. DFLE was defined as the average number of years a person could expect to live without disability, and was calculated by the multistate life table method based on a Markov model. Results DFLE (95% confidence interval) was 19.0 years (18.7–19.4) for 0–9 teeth, 20.1 (19.7–20.5) for 10–19 teeth, and 21.6 (21.2–21.9) for ≥ 20 teeth for men. For women, DFLE was 22.6 (22.3–22.9), 23.5 (23.1–23.8), and 24.7 (24.3–25.1), respectively. Practicing oral self-care was associated with longer DFLE, by 1.6–1.9 years with brushing ≥ 2 times a day in people with 0–9 and 10–19 teeth, and by 3.0–3.1 years with the use of dentures in those with 0–9 teeth. Conclusions Practicing oral self-care is associated with an increase in DFLE in older people with tooth loss. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-022-03541-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Yamato
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Sanae Matsuyama
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Murakami
- grid.265050.40000 0000 9290 9879Department of Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukai Lu
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yumi Sugawara
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Ichiro Tsuji
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Mao Y, Wu J, Liu G, Yu Y, Chen B, Liu J, Wang J, Yu P, Zhang C, Wu J. Chinese expert consensus on prevention and intervention for the elderly with malnutrition (2022). Aging Med (Milton) 2022; 5:191-203. [PMID: 36247340 PMCID: PMC9549312 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is a state of altered body composition and body cell mass due to inadequate intake or utilization of energy or nutrients, leading to physical and mental dysfunction and impaired clinical outcomes. As one of the most common geriatric syndromes, malnutrition in the elderly is a significant risk factor for poor clinical outcomes, causing a massive burden on medical resources and society. The risk factors for malnutrition in the elderly are diverse and include demographics, chronic diseases, and psychosocial factors. Presently, recommendations for the prevention and intervention of malnutrition in the elderly are not clear or consistent in China. This consensus is based on the latest global evidence and multiregional clinical experience in China, which aims to standardize the prevention and intervention of malnutrition in the elderly in China and improve the efficacy of clinical practice and the prognosis of elderly patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Mao
- Department of Geriatric Medicinethe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jianqing Wu
- Department of GeriatricsJiangsu Province HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Gongxiang Liu
- Center of Gerontology and GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric MedicineChengduChina
| | - Yao Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicinethe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of GeriatricsJiangsu Province HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicinethe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jianye Wang
- Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Pulin Yu
- Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Institute of Aging, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jinhui Wu
- Center of Gerontology and GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric MedicineChengduChina
| | | |
Collapse
|
65
|
Ptasiewicz M, Bębnowska D, Małkowska P, Sierawska O, Poniewierska-Baran A, Hrynkiewicz R, Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej P, Grywalska E, Chałas R. Immunoglobulin Disorders and the Oral Cavity: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164873. [PMID: 36013115 PMCID: PMC9409910 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral mucosa is a mechanical barrier against the penetration and colonization of microorganisms. Oral homeostasis is maintained by congenital and adaptive systems in conjunction with normal oral flora and an intact oral mucosa. Components contributing to the defense of the oral cavity include the salivary glands, innate antimicrobial proteins of saliva, plasma proteins, circulating white blood cells, keratinocyte products of the oral mucosa, and gingival crevicular fluid. General disturbances in the level of immunoglobulins in the human body may be manifested as pathological lesions in the oral mucosa. Symptoms of immunoglobulin-related general diseases such as mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), pemphigus vulgaris (PV), linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LABD), Epidermolysis Bullosa Aquisita (EBA), and Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) may appear in the oral cavity. In this review, authors present selected diseases associated with immunoglobulins in which the lesions appear in the oral cavity. Early detection and treatment of autoimmune diseases, sometimes showing a severe evolution (e.g., PV), allow the control of their dissemination and involvement of skin or other body organs. Immunoglobulin disorders with oral manifestations are not common, but knowledge, differentiation and diagnosis are essential for proper treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Ptasiewicz
- Department of Oral Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Paulina Małkowska
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
- Doctoral School, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Olga Sierawska
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
- Doctoral School, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Hrynkiewicz
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Renata Chałas
- Department of Oral Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Aida J, Takeuchi K, Furuta M, Ito K, Kabasawa Y, Tsakos G. Burden of Oral Diseases and Access to Oral Care in an Ageing Society. Int Dent J 2022; 72:S5-S11. [PMID: 36031325 PMCID: PMC9437805 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The total years lived with disability among older people, and the concomitant burden of tooth loss in ageing societies have increased. This study is an overview of the burden of oral diseases and access to oral care in an ageing society. Methods We selected key issues related to the burden of oral diseases and access to oral care and reviewed the relevant literature. Results The rising number of older people with teeth increases their oral health care needs. To improve access to oral care, affordability of care is a great concern with respect to universal health coverage. In addition, accessibility is a crucial issue, particularly for vulnerable older adults. To improve oral care access, attempts to integrate oral health care into general care are being made in ageing countries. For this purpose, provision of professional oral care at home through domiciliary visits and provision of daily oral health care by non-dental professional caregivers are important. Oral health care for older people reduces general diseases such as pneumonia and malnutrition, which in turn could reduce further healthcare costs. Conclusions To address the growing burden of oral care in ageing societies, special provision of oral health care to vulnerable older people, and integration of oral care with primary care will be required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Aida
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan; Division of Regional Community Development, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michiko Furuta
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kanade Ito
- Department of Oral Care for Systemic Health Support, Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Kabasawa
- Department of Oral Care for Systemic Health Support, Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Georgios Tsakos
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Özsürekci C, Kara M, Güngör AE, Ayçiçek GŞ, Çalışkan H, Doğu BB, Cankurtaran M, Halil MG. Relationship between chewing ability and malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty in older adults. Nutr Clin Pract 2022; 37:1409-1417. [PMID: 35711033 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies reported that impaired nutrition is associated with reduced muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. Chewing ability is essential to maintain balanced oral nutrient intake. The study was designed to define the possible relationship between chewing ability and nutrition-related problems (malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty) in a holistic perspective. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited adults aged ≥65 years. All patients were evaluated with comprehensive geriatric assessment. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criterion. Malnutrition was determined according to body mass index, calf circumference, and Mini Nutritional Assessment short form (MNA-SF). Frailty status was diagnosed with the Clinical Frailty Scale. Masseter and gastrocnemius muscle thicknesses (MTs) were measured via ultrasonography imaging. Oral examinations were carried out by a dentist, and chewing performance was examined with a color-changeable chewing gum. RESULTS Overall, 135 older adults (76 females) were analyzed. Mean ± SD age was 75.7 ± 7.2 years; 37.0% of the patients were frail, 3.7% were malnourished, 12.6% were sarcopenic, and 20.0% had poor chewing function. In the poor chewing function group, age and frailty scores were increased and the MNA-SF scores, handgrip strength, skeletal muscle index, and masseter MT were reduced (all P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounders, regression analysis showed that low grip strength and low gastrocnemius MT were independently associated with poor chewing ability. CONCLUSIONS Chewing ability was related to sarcopenia. Age and low grip strength in females and low cognitive scores and having low gastrocnemius MT in males were independent variables affecting chewing ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cemile Özsürekci
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Kara
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Anıl Evrim Güngör
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Özel Ankara Güven Hastanesi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gözde Şengül Ayçiçek
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Hatice Çalışkan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Balam Doğu
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cankurtaran
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Gülhan Halil
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Li G, Jin B, Fan Z. Mechanisms Involved in Gut Microbiota Regulation of Skeletal Muscle. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2151191. [PMID: 35633886 PMCID: PMC9132697 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2151191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is one of the largest organs in the body and is essential for maintaining quality of life. Loss of skeletal muscle mass and function can lead to a range of adverse consequences. The gut microbiota can interact with skeletal muscle by regulating a variety of processes that affect host physiology, including inflammatory immunity, protein anabolism, energy, lipids, neuromuscular connectivity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and endocrine and insulin resistance. It is proposed that the gut microbiota plays a role in the direction of skeletal muscle mass and work. Even though the notion of the gut microbiota-muscle axis (gut-muscle axis) has been postulated, its causal link is still unknown. The impact of the gut microbiota on skeletal muscle function and quality is described in detail in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Binghui Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhe Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Salmi A, Komulainen K, Nihtilä A, Tiihonen M, Nykänen I, Hartikainen S, Suominen AL. Eating problems among old home care clients. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:959-968. [PMID: 35527353 PMCID: PMC9382049 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The purpose was to examine the prevalence and determinants of self‐reported eating problems in old home care clients, screened separately by a clinical nutritionist and a dental hygienist. Methods and Results The data came from the Nutrition, Oral Health and Medication (NutOrMed) study, the participants of which were ≥75‐year‐old home care clients living in Finland. The structured interviews were conducted at the participants' (n = 250) homes. Of the participants, 29% reported poor appetite, 20% had problems with chewing, and 14% had problems with swallowing when asked by a clinical nutritionist. Additionally, 18% reported oral health‐related eating problems when asked by a dental hygienist. Participants with continuous xerostomia (odds ratio [OR]: 3.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0–9.0) or poor self‐reported oral health (OR: 4.3, 95% CI: 1.4–13.0) had a higher risk for problems with chewing when asked by a clinical nutritionist. Edentulous participants (OR: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.2–10.9) and participants with toothache or problems with dentures (OR: 10.3, 95% CI: 4.0–26.0) had a higher risk for oral health‐related eating problems when asked by a dental hygienist. Conclusion Eating problems are common in older adults, and interprofessional collaboration is required for their identification and alleviation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annina Salmi
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kaija Komulainen
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annamari Nihtilä
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Social and Health Services, City of Espoo, Espoo, Finland
| | - Miia Tiihonen
- Kuopio Research Centre of Geriatric Care, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Irma Nykänen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sirpa Hartikainen
- Kuopio Research Centre of Geriatric Care, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna L Suominen
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Ceena DE, Navya K, Nayak SU, Shenoy R, Binnal A, Bastian TS. Oral health status among the geriatric population - A cross sectional study. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 2022. [DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-n477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
71
|
Shirahase R, Watanabe Y, Saito T, Sunakawa Y, Matsushita Y, Tsugayasu H, Yamazaki Y. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Relationship between Oral Function and Sarcopenia in Japanese Patients with Regular Dental Maintenance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095178. [PMID: 35564572 PMCID: PMC9099729 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to clarify the relationship between oral function assessments regarding oral hypofunction and sarcopenia in patients who had completed treatment for organic dental problems, including oral pain, removable denture fit, and tooth loss. This cross-sectional study included 269 patients aged ≥65 years (mean age 74.9 ± 6.50 years, 133 men, 136 women) who visited a dental clinic between June 2019 and March 2021. We evaluated oral function and sarcopenia and analyzed their relationship using the Jonckheere–Terpstra test, Mantel–Haenszel trend test, and Poisson regression analysis. We diagnosed 132 (49.07%) patients with oral hypofunction, 30 (11.2%) with sarcopenia, and 24 (8.9%) with severe sarcopenia. The number of oral hypofunction items (prevalence rate ratio [PRR] = 1.39, 95%Wald = 0.11 to 0.56) was significantly associated with sarcopenia. For each of the items, tongue-lip motor function [ta] (PRR = 0.80, 95%Wald = −0.44 to −0.02)] [ka] (PRR = 0.76, 95%Wald = −0.53 to −0.03) and tongue pressure (PRR = 0.95, 95%Wald = −0.09 to −0.02) showed a significant association with sarcopenia. However, no significant association was found for other variables. Dentists should not only treat organic dental problems but also consider the relationship between oral function and sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Shirahase
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan; (R.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.Y.)
- Medical Corporation Shuwa-Kai Tsugayasu Dental Clinic, Obihiro 080-0020, Japan; (T.S.); (H.T.)
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan; (R.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-01-1706-4582
| | - Tohru Saito
- Medical Corporation Shuwa-Kai Tsugayasu Dental Clinic, Obihiro 080-0020, Japan; (T.S.); (H.T.)
| | - Yusuke Sunakawa
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan; (R.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.Y.)
- Medical Corporation Shuwa-Kai Tsugayasu Dental Clinic, Obihiro 080-0020, Japan; (T.S.); (H.T.)
| | - Yuya Matsushita
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan; (R.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.Y.)
- Medical Corporation Shuwa-Kai Tsugayasu Dental Clinic, Obihiro 080-0020, Japan; (T.S.); (H.T.)
| | - Hideki Tsugayasu
- Medical Corporation Shuwa-Kai Tsugayasu Dental Clinic, Obihiro 080-0020, Japan; (T.S.); (H.T.)
| | - Yutaka Yamazaki
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan; (R.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.M.); (Y.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Memory decline in older individuals predicts an objective indicator of oral health: findings from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:93. [PMID: 35346157 PMCID: PMC8962025 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02128-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests that there is an association between poor oral health and cognitive function in late adulthood. However, most studies to date have relied on cross-sectional research methods that do not permit inferences about the temporality of any association. Moreover, the few longitudinal studies that do exist have typically relied on small samples and quite limited cognitive or oral health assessments. The aim of the present study was therefore designed to provide the first direct evaluation of whether cognitive function is predictive of poor oral health in older adults. Methods This longitudinal research included data from 339 participants aged 70 years or older from The Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (MAS), a large cohort of healthy community-dwelling older adults. Cognitive function was assessed using a battery of tests at baseline (Wave 1) in 2005 and six years later (Wave 4) in 2011. In 2015 (Wave 6), participants were assessed for oral health using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT), number of functional occluding pairs of natural teeth and sublingual resting saliva pH (SRSpH). Ordinal least squares regression analysis was used to model the effect of cognitive function on total OHAT score, and binomial logistic regression used for SRSpH and occluding pairs of functional teeth. Results Two models were tested. In the partially adjusted model, age, gender and years of education were included. The fully adjusted model additionally included medical conditions, general health, depression, smoking, alcohol consumption, functionality, and dental care utilization. The key finding to emerge was that a six-year change in memory (from Wave 1 to Wave 4) was associated with lower sublingual resting saliva pH at Wave 6 in partially (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.65) and fully adjusted model (OR = 0.63). Conclusions This longitudinal study provides further evidence that a relationship between cognitive function and oral health exists, and also points to this relationship potentially being bi-directional, as previous evidence suggests. The findings from the study also suggest that older adults who present with greater than normal memory decline at an earlier point in life were more likely to experience poor oral health when this was evaluated at a later time-point, four years later. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02128-y.
Collapse
|
73
|
de Sire A, Ferrillo M, Lippi L, Agostini F, de Sire R, Ferrara PE, Raguso G, Riso S, Roccuzzo A, Ronconi G, Invernizzi M, Migliario M. Sarcopenic Dysphagia, Malnutrition, and Oral Frailty in Elderly: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050982. [PMID: 35267957 PMCID: PMC8912303 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a highly prevalent condition in the elderly that has been increasingly considered as a crucial public health issue, due to the strict correlation with a higher risk of fragility fractures, hospitalization, and mortality. Among the age-related diseases, sarcopenia and dysphagia are two common pathological conditions in frail older people and could coexist leading to dehydration and malnutrition in these subjects. “Sarcopenic dysphagia” is a complex condition characterized by deglutition impairment due to the loss of mass and strength of swallowing muscles and might be also related to poor oral health status. Moreover, the aging process is strictly related to poor oral health status due to direct impairment of the immune system and wound healing and physical and cognitive impairment might indirectly influence older people’s ability to carry out adequate oral hygiene. Therefore, poor oral health might affect nutrient intake, leading to malnutrition and, consequently, to frailty. In this scenario, sarcopenia, dysphagia, and oral health are closely linked sharing common pathophysiological pathways, disabling sequelae, and frailty. Thus, the aim of the present comprehensive review is to describe the correlation among sarcopenic dysphagia, malnutrition, and oral frailty, characterizing their phenotypically overlapping features, to propose a comprehensive and effective management of elderly frail subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro de Sire
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.d.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Martina Ferrillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.d.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Lorenzo Lippi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.L.); (M.I.)
| | - Francesco Agostini
- Department of Anatomical and Histological Sciences, Legal Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Roberto de Sire
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Paola Emilia Ferrara
- University Polyclinic Foundation Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.E.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Raguso
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Sergio Riso
- Dietetic and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Andrea Roccuzzo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gianpaolo Ronconi
- University Polyclinic Foundation Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.E.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Marco Invernizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.L.); (M.I.)
- Translational Medicine, Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Mario Migliario
- Dental Clinic, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Influence of oral health on frailty in patients with type 2 diabetes aged 75 years or older. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:145. [PMID: 35183107 PMCID: PMC8858474 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Poor oral health conditions are known to affect frailty in the older adults. Diabetes is a risk factor for both poor oral health and frailty, therefore, oral health status may affect frailty in diabetic patients more than in the general population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of oral health and other factors on frailty and the relationship among oral health, diabetes and frailty in older adult patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
Patients with type 2 diabetes aged 75 years or older were included in this cross-sectional study. Eligible patients were surveyed by questionnaire for frailty, oral health status, and cognitive and living functions. Factors influencing pre-frailty, frailty, and individual frailty screening index (FSI) classes were evaluated.
Results
Of the 111 patients analyzed, 66 cases (59.5%) were categorized as robust, 33 cases (29.7%) as pre-frailty, and 12 cases (10.8%) as frailty. The oral frailty index, the cognitive and living functions score, and BMI were found to be factors influencing pre-frailty or frailty. In the evaluation of individual FSI classes, BMI had an influence on those with a FSI ≤2. The cognitive and living functions score was a factor influencing those with FSI ≤3. The oral frailty index was found to have a significant influence on all FSI classes.
Conclusions
Poor oral health has an influence on frailty in patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥75. In this patient population, as frailty progresses, the impact of oral health on frailty may increase.
Trial registration:
This study was retrospectively registered in UMIN-CTR (UMIN000044227).
Collapse
|
75
|
Tsai FT, Wang DH, Yang CC, Lin YC, Huang LJ, Tsai WY, Li CW, Hsu WE, Tu HF, Hsu ML. Locational effects on oral microbiota among long-term care patients. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2033003. [PMID: 35186212 PMCID: PMC8856053 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2033003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysbiosis of oral microbiota is the cause of many diseases related to oral and general health. However, few Asia-based studies have evaluated the role of oral microbiota in patients receiving long-term care. Thus, new indications are needed for early prevention and risk management based on information derived from the oral microbiota. Methods We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify the oral bacterial composition and abundance in patients receiving long-term care: 20 from the outpatient department (OPD) and 20 home-care patients. Their microbial compositions, taxonomy, and alpha/beta diversity were characterized. Results Microbiota from the two groups showed different diversity and homogeneity, as well as distinct bacterial species. A more diverse and stable microbial population was observed among OPD patients. Our findings indicated that home-care patients had a higher risk of oral diseases due to the existence of dominant species and a less stable microbial community. Conclusion This work was the first in Taiwan to use NGS to investigate the oral microbiota of long-term care patients. Our study demonstrated the potential use of dominant bacterial species as biomarkers for the risk management of posttreatment complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Tzu Tsai
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Han Wang
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Yang
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Lin
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Jack Huang
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Tsai
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Li
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wun-Eng Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Feng Tu
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Ni Lochlainn M, Robinson S. UK Nutrition Research Partnership workshop: Nutrition and frailty—opportunities for prevention and treatment. NUTR BULL 2022; 47:123-129. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ni Lochlainn
- Department of Twin Research and Genetics King’s College London St Thomas’ Hospital London UK
| | - Sian Robinson
- AGE Research Group Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Clinical Comparison of Diode Laser Assisted “v-Shape Frenectomy” and Conventional Surgical Method as Treatment of Ankyloglossia. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10010089. [PMID: 35052254 PMCID: PMC8775129 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Ankyloglossia, or tongue-tie is a condition, in which the tip of tongue cannot protrude beyond the lower incisor teeth because of short frenulum linguae, often containing scar tissue. Limitations of movement are the most important clinical symptoms of this condition, together with feeding, speech, and mechanical problems. (2) Methods: the present study included two groups of patients (group A and group B) including, respectively, 29 and 32 patients (61 patients total), aged from 8 to 12 and presenting ankyloglossia classified according to the Kotlow’s classification. The patients in group A underwent a common surgical procedure. For the patients of group B, a diode laser device (K2 mobile laser, Dentium, Korea) with a micro-pulsed wavelength of 980 ± 10 nm and power of 1.2 watts was used. The post-surgical discomfort of the patients (recording the pain perceived immediately after the end of the anesthesia and during the following week, using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) system) and healing characteristics (recorded using the Early Wound Healing Score or EHS) were evaluated. (3) Results: The results shows that the pain in the patients who underwent laser-assisted frenectomy is significantly reduced (p < 0.001) when compared to those who underwent conventional surgical frenectomy, both immediately after surgery (with a reduction in the average NRS of 80.6%) and after the first week (with a reduction in the average NRS of 86.58%). Additionally, in the same patients, an augmentation in the average value of the EHS of 45% was recorded, highlighting significantly (p < 0.001) better quality in the healing of the wound within the 24 h after surgery. Moreover, other advantages observed in the use of laser assisted-frenectomy are the absence of bleeding and, consequently, a clear operative field; no need to use sutures; no need to take painkillers or antibiotics after surgery; and having a faster recovery and less time needed to perform the operation. (4) Conclusions: within the limits of the present study, it seems possible to assert that the laser frenectomy performed using the v-shape technique presents a series of advantages if compared to the conventional surgical method.
Collapse
|
78
|
Diaz-Toro F, Petermann-Rocha F, Parra-Soto S, Troncoso-Pantoja C, Concha-Cisternas Y, Lanuza F, Dreyer Arroyo E, Celis A, Celis-Morales C. Association between Poor Oral Health and Frailty in Middle-Aged and Older Individuals: A Cross-Sectional National Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:987-993. [PMID: 36437766 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1858-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Older adults with poor oral health may be at higher risk of being pre-frail or frail. However, very few studies have examined this association in Latin American countries and middle-aged individuals. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between oral health and frailty status among Chilean adults ≥40 years. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS We included 3,036 participants ≥40 years from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-2017. METHODS Frailty status was assessed with a 49-item frailty index, while the number of teeth, self-reported oral health, tooth decay, use of prostheses, and oral pain were the oral health conditions included. To assess the association between oral health conditions and frailty, we used multinomial logistic regression models status adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. RESULTS Overall, 40.6% and 11.8% of individuals were classified as pre-frail and frail, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, individuals with ≤20 teeth had a higher likelihood of being frail (odds ratio (OR): 1.94 [95% CI: 1.18-3.20]) than people with >20 teeth. Moreover, people with bad or very bad oral health, as well as oral pain, had a higher likelihood of being pre-frail (OR: 2.04 [95% CI: 1.40-2.97] and OR: 2.92 [95% CI: 1.58-5.39], respectively). Middle-aged individuals with fewer teeth and poor self-reported oral health had a higher likelihood of being pre-frail and frail than people ≥60. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Individuals with poor global oral health were more likely to be pre-frail or frail. This association seems to be stronger in people <60 years old. Our results are consistent with previously published reports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Diaz-Toro
- Fanny Petermann-Rocha, PhD, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile, , Phone: +56 2 26768968
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
79
|
Arenas-Márquez MJ, Tôrres LHDN, Borim FSA, Yassuda MS, Neri AL, Sousa MDLRD. Perda de função mastigatória e risco de fragilidade em idosos vivendo em domicílios familiares no Estado de São Paulo. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562022025.210234.pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo Verificar se a perda de função mastigatória aumenta o risco de fragilidade em idosos vivendo em domicílios familiares no Estado de São Paulo. Métodos Foi adotado um delineamento de coorte prospectivo sobre a base de dados do estudo FIBRA (Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros), com linha de base realizada em 2008-2009 e seguimento em 2016-2018, transcorrendo em média 100,2 ± 9,2 meses. A variável desfecho foi a incidência de fragilidade, a variável de exposição foi a função mastigatória conforme a condição de edentulismo e autorrelato de dificuldade mastigatória. As variáveis de ajuste foram condições sociodemográficas, comportamentais e de saúde geral. Foi utilizado um modelo de regressão de Poisson, com variância robusta, estimando o risco relativo Resultados a incidência acumulada de fragilidade aos oito anos em média foi de 30 casos a cada 100 participantes edêntulos com dificuldade mastigatória, que apresentaram maior risco de desenvolver fragilidade (RR:1,75 IC 95% 1,09-2,81) do que os idosos dentados sem dificuldade mastigatória, independentemente de tabagismo (RR: 1,71 IC 95% 1,07-2,73) e de condição socioeconômica (RR: 1,72 IC 95% 1,13-2,62). Conclusão A perda de função mastigatória aumentou o risco de fragilidade em idosos.Futuras pesquisas deverão estudar se a reabilitação da função mastigatória contribui para diminuir esse risco.
Collapse
|
80
|
Arenas-Márquez MJ, Tôrres LHDN, Borim FSA, Yassuda MS, Neri AL, Sousa MDLRD. Masticatory function loss and frailty risk in community-dwelling older people in the State of São Paulo. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562022025.210234.en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective To verify if the loss of masticatory function increases the risk of frailty in community-dwelling older people in the state of São Paulo. Methods A prospective cohort design was adopted based on the FIBRA study database (Fragility in Brazilian Elderly), with a baseline performed in 2008-2009 and follow-up in 2016-2018, elapsed on average 100.2 ± 9.2 months. The outcome variable was the incidence of frailty. The exposure variable was masticatory function according to edentulism and self-reported chewing difficulty. Adjustment variables were sociodemographic, behavioral, and general health conditions. A Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to estimate the relative risk. Results the cumulative incidence of frailty over eight years was 30 cases per 100 edentulous participants with chewing difficulties, who had a higher risk of developing frailty (RR: 1.75 95% CI 1.09-2.81) than the dentate elderly without chewing difficulties, regardless of smoking (RR: 1.71 95% CI 1.07-2.73) and socioeconomic status (RR: 1.72 95% CI 1.13-2.62) Conclusion Loss of masticatory function increases the risk of frailty in older people. Future research should study whether the rehabilitation of oral function reduces this risk.
Collapse
|
81
|
Zhang XM, Wu X, Chen W. The Association between Number of Teeth and Cognitive Frailty in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:430-438. [PMID: 35587754 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1783-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the association between number of teeth and cognitive frailty in American older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS The participants were 1,531 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 or older from the NHANES database. METHODS Frailty was assessed using a 49-item frailty index, with a cut-off value for frailty of more than 0.21. Cognitive dysfunction was evaluated by the Digit-Symbol Coding Test (DSCT), with the cut-off being below the lowest interquartile range (scores ≤37). Cognitive frailty was defined as participants who suffered from both frailty and cognitive dysfunction. Oral health indicators included number of teeth and other factors, such as the presence of gum disease, daily use of dental floss, daily use of mouthwash and self-rated oral health. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between number of teeth and cognitive frailty. RESULTS The mean age of the total sample was 69.67 (SD=6.60) years, and 52.71% (n=807) were female. Our study suggests there was a negative association between number of teeth and cognitive frailty (OR =0.98,95%CI:0.96-0.99, P=0.044) after controlling for potential confounding factors. In addition, older adults with 20 or more teeth had lower odds of being cognitively frail (OR=0.66,95%CI:0.44-0.99, P=0.046) than individuals who had less than 20 teeth. CONCLUSION This study suggests that older adults who have more teeth are associated with a lower risk of cognitive frailty. This finding highlights the importance of maintaining as many teeth as possible throughout life and into old age. Cohort studies will be required in the future to determine this relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X-M Zhang
- Xinjuan Wu and Wei Chen, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan campus), Beijing, 100730, China, Xinjuan Wu: ; Wei Chen:
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Colak S, Tekgoz E, Hayme S, Sonaeren I, Cinar M, Yilmaz S. The Risk of Presarcopenia Is Increased Among Female Patients With Primary Sjögren's Syndrome. J Clin Rheumatol 2022; 28:e161-e165. [PMID: 33337813 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000001669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized loss of muscle mass and function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of sarcopenia among patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and the factors related with sarcopenia. METHODS Forty-four female patients with primary SS and 44 female control subjects were included in this cross-sectional study between February and August 2019. Sarcopenia was evaluated by the handgrip test, Skeletal Muscle Mass Index, and gait speed test. RESULTS Eleven patients (25.0%) had presarcopenia in the SS group and 2 (4.5%) in the control group (p = 0.007). Compared with control subjects, SS patients had lower results of hand grip and gait speed tests (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). According to the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form, patients with presarcopenia had higher risk of malnutrition compared with patients without sarcopenia (p = 0.043). Patients with presarcopenia had higher scores in the European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren's Syndrome Patient-Reported Index pain domain and patient visual analog scale for global disease activity compared with patients without sarcopenia (p = 0.044 and p = 0.036, respectively). In multivariate regression analysis, European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren's Syndrome Patient-Reported Index pain was associated with hand grip strength (p = 0.016, R2 = 0.13) and Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form was associated with Skeletal Muscle Mass Index (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Risk of sarcopenia is increased in patients with SS. Pain and malnutrition may contribute to presarcopenia. Evaluating pain and patient's global disease activity may help physicians to determine patients with increased risk of sarcopenia. Controlling disease activity and pain and preventing malnutrition may reduce the risk of development of sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seda Colak
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences Gulhane Medicine Faculty
| | - Emre Tekgoz
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences Gulhane Medicine Faculty
| | - Serhat Hayme
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics
| | - Ilknur Sonaeren
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Cinar
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences Gulhane Medicine Faculty
| | - Sedat Yilmaz
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences Gulhane Medicine Faculty
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Kim SH, Che X, Park HJ, Kim TI. Hopeless tooth and less posterior occlusion is related to a greater risk of low handgrip strength: A population-based cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260927. [PMID: 34941935 PMCID: PMC8700057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of severely compromised teeth on masticatory function has not been properly evaluated in previous studies, as they were often considered equivalent to the healthy tooth or excluded as if absent in the dentition. Hopeless teeth, which refer to non-salvageable teeth that require extraction, can interfere with masticatory function. As posterior occlusion is directly related to the masticatory function, we evaluated pairs opposing posterior teeth (POPs) that reflect the arrangement as well as the number of remaining posterior teeth. This study investigated the relationship of a hopeless tooth to handgrip strength according to POPs in the elderly. This cross-sectional study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Among the data of 23,466 participants from 2015 to 2018, participants aged 60 years or older (n = 4,729) were included. In males with POPs scores of 0-7, considered poor posterior occlusion, the association with low handgrip strength persisted in the multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for all confounding variables. The odds ratio (OR) in the absence of hopeless teeth (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.02-3.59) increased in the presence of a hopeless tooth (OR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.42-5.47). Even with POPs scores of 8-11, considered good posterior occlusion, the association was significantly high in the presence of a hopeless tooth (OR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.06-7.52). In females, the association disappeared in adjusted models. The fewer pairs of natural posterior teeth with occlusion, the greater the risk of low handgrip strength. Dentition containing hopeless teeth increases the risk of low handgrip strength, even in dentition with sufficient posterior occlusion. Preserving the posterior teeth in a healthy condition through personal oral hygiene and regular dental management is essential for maintaining components of physical function such as handgrip strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sul-Hee Kim
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xianhua Che
- Department of Health Policy Research, Daejeon Public Health Policy Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Park
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Korea
- * E-mail: (T-IK); (H-JP)
| | - Tae-Il Kim
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (T-IK); (H-JP)
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Aquilanti L, Alia S, Pugnaloni S, Scalise L, Vignini A, Rappelli G. A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study on Oral Health and Nutritional Status of Institutionalized Older Adults: A Focus on Sarcopenia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13232. [PMID: 34948835 PMCID: PMC8702105 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The global population aged over 60 will double by 2050. This pilot cross-sectional study aims at evaluating nutritional and oral health status and the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults living in an Italian residential aged care facility. Thirty-two adults aged ≥65 years were included. Individual sociodemographic data and nutritional and oral health data were collected. For sarcopenia diagnosis, muscle mass, physical performance, muscle strength and anthropometric parameters were recorded. Participants underwent a nutritional screening and a dental examination. Mini Nutritional Assessment and masticatory mixing ability test were performed. The results showed that men recorded a hand strength significantly higher than that of women, 25.5 ± 7.2 Kg vs. 12.8 ± 5.9 Kg (p < 0.01), respectively. Gait speed test showed that only 20.8% of the participants had a speed of more than 0.8 m/s. A strong negative correlation between masticatory performance and the number of missing teeth was detected (r = -0.84, 95% C.I. [-0.92; -0.69], p < 0.01). Overall, a high percentage of institutionalized older adults were diagnosed as being sarcopenic. Poor oral health in older adults is a major general health problem as it may restrict both food selection and nutrient intake, representing a risk factor for sarcopenia, although longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Aquilanti
- Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (L.A.); (S.A.); (S.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Sonila Alia
- Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (L.A.); (S.A.); (S.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Sofia Pugnaloni
- Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (L.A.); (S.A.); (S.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Scalise
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Arianna Vignini
- Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (L.A.); (S.A.); (S.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Giorgio Rappelli
- Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (L.A.); (S.A.); (S.P.); (G.R.)
- Dentistry Clinic, National Institute of Health and Science of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Petrelli M. Sarcopenia, malnutrition, and frailty: disease implications for geriatric DM patients. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 2021. [DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-n449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
86
|
Cognitive Frailty in Thai Community-Dwelling Elderly: Prevalence and Its Association with Malnutrition. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124239. [PMID: 34959791 PMCID: PMC8709040 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive frailty (CF) is defined by the coexistence of physical frailty and mild cognitive impairment. Malnutrition is an underlying factor of age-related conditions including physical frailty. However, the evidence associating malnutrition and cognitive frailty is limited. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the association between malnutrition and CF in the elderly. A total of 373 participants aged 65-84 years were enrolled after excluding those who were suspected to have dementia and depression. Then, 61 CF and 45 normal participants were randomly selected to measure serum prealbumin level. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic (MoCA-B). Modified Fried's criteria were used to define physical frailty. Nutritional status was evaluated by the Mini Nutritional Assessment-short form (MNA-SF), serum prealbumin, and anthropometric measurements. The prevalence of CF was 28.72%. Malnourished status by MNA-SF category (aOR = 2.81, 95%CI: 1.18-6.67) and MNA-SF score (aOR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.74-0.94) were independently associated with CF. However, there was no correlation between CF and malnutrition assessed by serum prealbumin level and anthropometric measurements. Other independent risk factors of CF were advanced age (aOR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.02-1.11) and educational level below high school (aOR = 6.77, 95%CI: 1.99-23.01). Malnutrition was associated with CF among Thai elderly. High-risk groups who are old and poorly educated should receive early screening and nutritional interventions.
Collapse
|
87
|
Yang ZY, Chen WL. Prognostic significance of subjective oral dysfunction on the all-cause mortality. J Oral Rehabil 2021; 49:337-343. [PMID: 34783042 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the proportion of elderly population grows, it raises concern about impaired oral health which has been reported to be associated with increased risk of numerous adverse health events. Emerging study defined oral frailty as poor oral health accumulation and demonstrated that oral frailty was a risk factor of disability, physical frailty and mortality. In this study, we examined the association between subjective oral dysfunction and all-cause mortality in the United States. METHODS In this cross-sectional observational study, a total of 7827 participants who completed oral functions data from 1999 to 2002 NHANES database were recruited. Subjective oral dysfunction included 3 components: limited eating ability, dry mouth and difficult swallowing, which were obtained from self-reported questionnaire. For primary outcome, all-cause mortality was followed from baseline to death or 2006. The relationship of subjective oral dysfunction and all-cause mortality was assessed by Cox regression model. RESULTS A statistically significant relationship between subjective oral dysfunction and all-cause mortality was observed in fully adjusted model. Participants with more components of subjective oral dysfunction had worse risk of all-cause mortality. Limited eating ability was inversely associated with muscle strength. CONCLUSION Subjective oral dysfunction which was obtained from an easy self-assessment survey might be a potential risk factor for all-cause mortality and could be used for initial screening during general health examination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Yu Yang
- Department of General Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Overview of Candida albicans and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection Agents and their Biomolecular Mechanisms in Promoting Oral Cancer in Pediatric Patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:7312611. [PMID: 34765678 PMCID: PMC8577934 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7312611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oral carcinoma represents one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) account over 90% of all oral malignant tumors and are characterized by high mortality in the advanced stages. Early diagnosis is often a challenge for its ambiguous appearance in early stages. Mucosal infection by the human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for a growing number of malignancies, particularly cervical cancer and oropharyngeal carcinomas. In addition, Candida albicans (C. albicans), which is the principal fungi involved in the oral cancer development, may induce carcinogenesis through several mechanisms, mainly promoting inflammation. Medical knowledge and research on adolescent/pediatric patients' management and prevention are in continuous evolution. Besides, microbiota can play an important role in maintaining oral health and therefore all human health. The aim of this review is to evaluate epidemiological and pathophysiological characteristics of the several biochemical pathways involved during HPV and C. albicans infections in pediatric dentistry.
Collapse
|
89
|
Hiltunen K, Saarela RKT, Kautiainen H, Roitto HM, Pitkälä KH, Mäntylä P. Relationship between Fried's frailty phenotype and oral frailty in long-term care residents. Age Ageing 2021; 50:2133-2139. [PMID: 34473831 PMCID: PMC8581380 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND oral frailty (OFr) may be called a syndrome lacking a consensus on its definition. OBJECTIVE the aim was to prove the relationship between OFr to the phenotype of frailty, general health and nutrition in long-term care. DESIGN the FINnish ORAL Health Study in Long-Term Care study is a cross-sectional clinical research comprising findings on oral and general health and nutrition. SETTING participants were divided into groups according to the number of OFr signs: Group 1 (0-1 sign), Group 2 (2-4 signs) and Group 3 (5-6 signs). SUBJECTS the study includes data on 349 older residents of long-term care facilities in Helsinki, Finland. METHODS frailty status was defined according to Fried's frailty phenotype. OFr was evaluated with six signs: dry mouth, diet of pureed or soft food, residue of food on oral surfaces, unclear speech, inability to keep mouth open during the clinical oral examination and pain expression during the examination. RESULTS a significant linear relationship across the OFr groups with Fried's frailty phenotype was found (P for linearity = 0.008, adjusted by gender and age). A linear trend existed between OFr groups and general health; prevalence of dementia and malnutrition increased from Group 1 to Group 3. The need for help with eating and oral hygiene procedures increased from Group 1 to Group 3. Moreover, OFr had a linear relationship with chewing and swallowing difficulties. CONCLUSIONS OFr is related to Fried's frailty phenotype, general health, nutrition and need for help with daily activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaija Hiltunen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta K T Saarela
- City of Helsinki, Department of Social Services and Health Care, Oral Health Care, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna-Maria Roitto
- City of Helsinki, Department of Social Services and Health Care, Oral Health Care, Helsinki, Finland
- Health Care, Geriatric Clinic, Helsinki Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisu H Pitkälä
- Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Mäntylä
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Relationship between weight loss and regular dental management of older adults residing in long-term care facilities: a 1-year multicenter longitudinal study. Eur Geriatr Med 2021; 13:221-231. [PMID: 34709606 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-021-00576-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the association between home visits by a dentist and regular oral hygiene management by a dental hygienist (regular dental management: RDM) and weight loss among older adults in long-term care facilities. METHODS A total of 468 older residents from 26 Japanese long-term care facilities participated in two surveys in 2018 and 2019. Participants were divided into two groups based on their diet during the baseline survey (regular diet, n = 256; dysphagia diet, n = 212). Participants with a regular diet were further divided into those who exhibited a weight loss ≥ 5% over 1 year (weight loss group: n = 77) and those with a weight loss < 5% (consistent weight group: n = 179). The explanatory variables were age, sex, baseline weight, Barthel index, and clinical dementia rating, as well as the patients' medical history of pneumonia, stroke, diabetes, and depression (which is reportedly associated with weight). Additionally, a Poisson regression with robust standard error, was carried out to analyze the explanatory variables, namely the prevalence of RDM noted during the study and functional teeth (which seemed to affect weight loss). RESULTS A multivariate analysis revealed that older residents' lack of RDM, clinical dementia assessment, and their history of pneumonia (prevalence rate ratio: 0.35, 95% confidence interval 0.24-0.95) were all significantly associated with weight loss when on a regular diet. CONCLUSION Thus, weight loss and RDM were related to each other. Weight loss may be suppressed by incorporating RDMs during the early nursing care for older residents on regular diets.
Collapse
|
91
|
Prokopidis K, Chambers E, Ni Lochlainn M, Witard OC. Mechanisms Linking the Gut-Muscle Axis With Muscle Protein Metabolism and Anabolic Resistance: Implications for Older Adults at Risk of Sarcopenia. Front Physiol 2021; 12:770455. [PMID: 34764887 PMCID: PMC8576575 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.770455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in skeletal muscle mass and function-termed sarcopenia-as mediated, in part, by muscle anabolic resistance. This metabolic phenomenon describes the impaired response of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) to the provision of dietary amino acids and practice of resistance-based exercise. Recent observations highlight the gut-muscle axis as a physiological target for combatting anabolic resistance and reducing risk of sarcopenia. Experimental studies, primarily conducted in animal models of aging, suggest a mechanistic link between the gut microbiota and muscle atrophy, mediated via the modulation of systemic amino acid availability and low-grade inflammation that are both physiological factors known to underpin anabolic resistance. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate the action of specific gut bacteria (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) to increase systemic amino acid availability and elicit an anti-inflammatory response in the intestinal lumen. Prospective lifestyle approaches that target the gut-muscle axis have recently been examined in the context of mitigating sarcopenia risk. These approaches include increasing dietary fiber intake that promotes the growth and development of gut bacteria, thus enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) (acetate, propionate, and butyrate). Prebiotic/probiotic/symbiotic supplementation also generates SCFA and may mitigate low-grade inflammation in older adults via modulation of the gut microbiota. Preliminary evidence also highlights the role of exercise in increasing the production of SCFA. Accordingly, lifestyle approaches that combine diets rich in fiber and probiotic supplementation with exercise training may serve to produce SCFA and increase microbial diversity, and thus may target the gut-muscle axis in mitigating anabolic resistance in older adults. Future mechanistic studies are warranted to establish the direct physiological action of distinct gut microbiota phenotypes on amino acid utilization and the postprandial stimulation of muscle protein synthesis in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Prokopidis
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Chambers
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Ni Lochlainn
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver C. Witard
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Endo A, Watanabe Y, Matsushita T, Okada K, Ohara Y, Iwasaki M, Ito K, Nakajima J, Iwasa Y, Itoda M, Sasaki R, Nishi Y, Furuya J, Watanabe Y, Umemoto G, Kishima M, Hirano H, Sato Y, Yoshida M, Yamazaki Y. Association between Weight Loss and Food Form in Older Individuals Residing in Long-Term Care Facilities: 1-Year Multicenter Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010776. [PMID: 34682525 PMCID: PMC8535238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Changing the food form for older adults requiring nursing care from a regular to dysphagia diet is thought to impact their nutritional status. We assessed the association between changes in food form and weight loss over 1 year in older adults. Older adults residing in long-term care facilities in Japan (n = 455) who participated in the baseline (2018) and follow-up (2019) surveys were divided into two groups (regular diet, n = 284; dysphagia diet, n = 171). The regular diet group was further divided into the weight loss (n = 80; weight loss ≥5% over 1 year) and weight maintenance (n = 204; weight loss <5%) groups. After 1 year, the Barthel Index significantly decreased, and the proportion of participants who switched from a regular diet to a dysphagia diet significantly increased in the weight loss group than in the weight maintenance group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that Barthel index variation (odds ratio (OR): 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.94‒0.99), change from a regular diet to a dysphagia diet (OR: 4.41, 95% CI: 1.87‒10.41), and body weight at baseline (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01‒1.11) were significantly associated with weight loss. Our results suggest that maintaining the food form inhibits weight loss and improves health outcomes in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Endo
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan; (A.E.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan; (A.E.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-11-706-4582
| | - Takae Matsushita
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan; (A.E.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Kazutaka Okada
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan; (A.E.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (Y.O.); (M.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Masanori Iwasaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (Y.O.); (M.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Kayoko Ito
- Oral Rehabilitation, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata 951-8520, Japan;
| | - Junko Nakajima
- Department of Oral Medicine and Hospital Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 272-8513, Japan;
| | - Yasuyuki Iwasa
- Department of Dentistry, Haradoi Hospital, Fukuoka 813-8588, Japan;
| | - Masataka Itoda
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka Dental University Hospital, Osaka 573-1144, Japan;
| | - Rikimaru Sasaki
- Rehabilitation Clinic for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, The Nippon Dental University Hospital, Tokyo 102-8158, Japan;
| | - Yasuhiro Nishi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Junichi Furuya
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (J.F.); sato-@dent.showa-u.ac.jp (Y.S.)
| | - Yoshihiko Watanabe
- Department of Healthcare Management, Tohoku Fukushi University, Miyagi 981-8522, Japan;
| | - George Umemoto
- Swallowing Disorders Center, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan;
| | - Masako Kishima
- Wakakusa-Tatsuma Rehabilitation Hospital, Osaka 574-0012, Japan;
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (Y.O.); (M.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Yuji Sato
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (J.F.); sato-@dent.showa-u.ac.jp (Y.S.)
| | - Mitsuyoshi Yoshida
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Yutaka Yamazaki
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan; (A.E.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (Y.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Sawada N, Takeuchi N, Ekuni D, Morita M. Oral function, nutritional status and physical status in Japanese independent older adults. Gerodontology 2021; 39:359-365. [PMID: 34599786 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clarify the associations among oral status, nutritional status and physical status in Japanese independent older adults. BACKGROUND It is important to focus on factors affecting physical status associated with life dysfunction, long-term care and mortality. However, there are very few reports of the associations among oral status, nutritional status and physical status. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who visited the Preventive Dentistry Clinic at Okayama University Hospital from November 2017 to January 2019 participated in this cross-sectional study. Number of teeth, periodontal condition and oral function were recorded. Bacteria counts in tongue dorsum, oral wettability, tongue pressure, tongue and lip movement function [oral diadochokinesis (ODK)], masticatory ability, bite force and swallowing function were measured. Nutritional status was assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Physical frailty status and Elderly Status Assessment Set were also evaluated. These variables were analysed by structural equation modelling (SEM). RESULTS Data from 203 patients were analysed (63 males and 140 females). Patients ranged in age from 60 to 93 years. The final model of the path diagram was completed by SEM. ODK was positively associated with nutritional status, and nutritional status was negatively associated with frailty. Age was associated with ODK, nutritional status and frailty. CONCLUSION Based on the associations among age, ODK, nutritional status and frailty, maintaining tongue movement function may contribute to good nutritional status and physical status in Japanese independent older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Sawada
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriko Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ekuni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Piotrowicz K, Gąsowski J, Michel JP, Veronese N. Post-COVID-19 acute sarcopenia: physiopathology and management. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2887-2898. [PMID: 34328636 PMCID: PMC8323089 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the pathophysiologic and management aspects of acute sarcopenia in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 is as a multi-organ infectious disease characterized by a severe inflammatory and highly catabolic status, influencing the deep changes in the body build, especially the amount, structure, and function of skeletal muscles which would amount to acutely developed sarcopenia. Acute sarcopenia may largely impact patients’ in-hospital prognosis as well as the vulnerability to the post-COVID-19 functional and physical deterioration. The individual outcome of the COVID-19 and the degree of muscle mass and functional loss may be influenced by multiple factors, including the patient’s general pre-infection medical and functional condition, especially in older adults. This paper gathers the information about how the SARS-CoV-2 hyper-inflammatory involvement exacerbates the immunosenescence process, enhances the endothelial damage, and due to mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy, induces myofibrillar breakdown and muscle degradation. The aftermath of these acute and complex immunological SARS-CoV-2-related phenomena, augmented by anosmia, ageusia and altered microbiota may lead to decreased food intake and exacerbated catabolism. Moreover, the imposed physical inactivity, lock-down, quarantine or acute hospitalization with bedrest would intensify the acute sarcopenia process. All these deleterious mechanisms must be swiftly put to a check by a multidisciplinary approach including nutritional support, early physical as well cardio-pulmonary rehabilitation, and psychological support and cognitive training. The proposed holistic and early management of COVID-19 patients appears essential to minimize the disastrous functional outcomes of this disease and allow avoiding the long COVID-19 syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Piotrowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 2 Jakubowskiego St., building I, 5th floor, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy Gąsowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 2 Jakubowskiego St., building I, 5th floor, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | | | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Qu X, Zhang J, Wang Q, Duan D, Zhu T, Zhang W. Edentulism and select chronic diseases among adults aged ≥45 years in China, 2011-2018: A longitudinal study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 49:533-542. [PMID: 34558095 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Information on the association between edentulism and chronic medical conditions in developing countries is lacking. We investigated such information among adults aged ≥45 years in China. METHODS A national longitudinal data set from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011-2018 was analysed. A multilevel logistic regression model was applied to analyse the association between edentulism and select chronic diseases. RESULTS There were 74 240 Chinese adults aged ≥45 years in this study. The prevalence of self-reported edentulism was 8.8% in 2011 and had increased to 16.4% by 2018. CONCLUSION Edentulism was a factor associated with a higher risk of various self-reported chronic diseases among adults aged ≥45 years in China. Edentulism is one of the comorbidities among ageing people with chronic conditions. Preventive public health policy should consider controlling shared risk factors at an earlier age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Qu
- Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingyu Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Ni Lochlainn M, Cox NJ, Wilson T, Hayhoe RPG, Ramsay SE, Granic A, Isanejad M, Roberts HC, Wilson D, Welch C, Hurst C, Atkins JL, Mendonça N, Horner K, Tuttiett ER, Morgan Y, Heslop P, Williams EA, Steves CJ, Greig C, Draper J, Corish CA, Welch A, Witham MD, Sayer AA, Robinson S. Nutrition and Frailty: Opportunities for Prevention and Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:2349. [PMID: 34371858 PMCID: PMC8308545 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a syndrome of growing importance given the global ageing population. While frailty is a multifactorial process, poor nutritional status is considered a key contributor to its pathophysiology. As nutrition is a modifiable risk factor for frailty, strategies to prevent and treat frailty should consider dietary change. Observational evidence linking nutrition with frailty appears most robust for dietary quality: for example, dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet appear to be protective. In addition, research on specific foods, such as a higher consumption of fruit and vegetables and lower consumption of ultra-processed foods are consistent, with healthier profiles linked to lower frailty risk. Few dietary intervention studies have been conducted to date, although a growing number of trials that combine supplementation with exercise training suggest a multi-domain approach may be more effective. This review is based on an interdisciplinary workshop, held in November 2020, and synthesises current understanding of dietary influences on frailty, focusing on opportunities for prevention and treatment. Longer term prospective studies and well-designed trials are needed to determine the causal effects of nutrition on frailty risk and progression and how dietary change can be used to prevent and/or treat frailty in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ni Lochlainn
- Department of Twin Research and Genetics, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK;
| | - Natalie J. Cox
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (N.J.C.); (H.C.R.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Thomas Wilson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (T.W.); (J.D.)
| | - Richard P. G. Hayhoe
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.P.G.H.); (A.W.)
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, UK
| | - Sheena E. Ramsay
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK; (S.E.R.); (N.M.)
| | - Antoneta Granic
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (A.G.); (C.H.); (P.H.); (M.D.W.); (A.A.S.)
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Masoud Isanejad
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK;
| | - Helen C. Roberts
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (N.J.C.); (H.C.R.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Daisy Wilson
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (D.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Carly Welch
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (D.W.); (C.W.)
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Christopher Hurst
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (A.G.); (C.H.); (P.H.); (M.D.W.); (A.A.S.)
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Janice L. Atkins
- Epidemiology & Public Health Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK;
| | - Nuno Mendonça
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK; (S.E.R.); (N.M.)
- EpiDoC Unit, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Katy Horner
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science and UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (K.H.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Esme R. Tuttiett
- The Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing and The Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (E.R.T.); (E.A.W.)
| | - Yvie Morgan
- EDESIA PhD Programme, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK;
| | - Phil Heslop
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (A.G.); (C.H.); (P.H.); (M.D.W.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Elizabeth A. Williams
- The Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing and The Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (E.R.T.); (E.A.W.)
| | - Claire J. Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetics, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK;
| | - Carolyn Greig
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - John Draper
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (T.W.); (J.D.)
| | - Clare A. Corish
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sport Science and UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (K.H.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Ailsa Welch
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.P.G.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Miles D. Witham
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (A.G.); (C.H.); (P.H.); (M.D.W.); (A.A.S.)
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Avan A. Sayer
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (A.G.); (C.H.); (P.H.); (M.D.W.); (A.A.S.)
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Sian Robinson
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (A.G.); (C.H.); (P.H.); (M.D.W.); (A.A.S.)
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Shiraisi A, Yoshimura Y, Wakabayashi H, Nagano F, Bise T, Shimazu S. Improvement in Oral Health Enhances the Recovery of Activities of Daily Living and Dysphagia after Stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105961. [PMID: 34247054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral problems affect rehabilitation outcomes. This study aimed to examine the association between improvement in oral health and functional outcomes in patients after stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included post-acute rehabilitation patients who presented with oral problems at admission. Oral problems were assessed using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG). The ROAG score change during hospitalization was calculated by subtracting the score at admission from the score at discharge; oral problems were defined as "improved", when the score change value was lower than the median value. Study outcomes were the activities of daily living assessed by the motor domain of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM-motor) scores and dysphagia as assessed by the Food Intake Level Scale (FILS). Multivariate regression analyses were used to determine whether improved oral problems were associated with study outcomes. P-values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS This study included 300 patients (mean age, 72.0 years; 51.7% men). The median [IQR] baseline ROAG score and its change value during hospitalization were 11 [10, 14] and -1[-3, 0] points, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that improved oral problems was independently associated with FIM-motor score (β = 0.144, p = 0.001) and FILS score (β = 0.227, p < 0.001) at discharge, after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS Improvement in oral health was positively associated with recovery of the ADL and dysphagia after stroke. Early detection of oral problems and oral treatment should be implemented in these patients to maximize functional recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ai Shiraisi
- Center for Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Research, Kumamoto Rehabilitation Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yoshimura
- Center for Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Research, Kumamoto Rehabilitation Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Hidetaka Wakabayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku,Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Nagano
- Center for Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Research, Kumamoto Rehabilitation Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Bise
- Center for Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Research, Kumamoto Rehabilitation Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sayuri Shimazu
- Center for Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Research, Kumamoto Rehabilitation Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Zaromskyte G, Prokopidis K, Ioannidis T, Tipton KD, Witard OC. Evaluating the Leucine Trigger Hypothesis to Explain the Post-prandial Regulation of Muscle Protein Synthesis in Young and Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Front Nutr 2021; 8:685165. [PMID: 34307436 PMCID: PMC8295465 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.685165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The "leucine trigger" hypothesis was originally conceived to explain the post-prandial regulation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS). This hypothesis implicates the magnitude (amplitude and rate) of post-prandial increase in blood leucine concentrations for regulation of the magnitude of MPS response to an ingested protein source. Recent evidence from experimental studies has challenged this theory, with reports of a disconnect between blood leucine concentration profiles and post-prandial rates of MPS in response to protein ingestion. Aim: The primary aim of this systematic review was to qualitatively evaluate the leucine trigger hypothesis to explain the post-prandial regulation of MPS in response to ingested protein at rest and post-exercise in young and older adults. We hypothesized that experimental support for the leucine trigger hypothesis will depend on age, exercise status (rest vs. post-exercise), and type of ingested protein (i.e., isolated proteins vs. protein-rich whole food sources). Methods: This qualitative systematic review extracted data from studies that combined measurements of post-prandial blood leucine concentrations and rates of MPS following ingested protein at rest and following exercise in young and older adults. Data relating to blood leucine concentration profiles and post-prandial MPS rates were extracted from all studies, and reported as providing sufficient or insufficient evidence for the leucine trigger hypothesis. Results: Overall, 16 of the 29 eligible studies provided sufficient evidence to support the leucine trigger hypothesis for explaining divergent post-prandial rates of MPS in response to different ingested protein sources. Of these 16 studies, 13 were conducted in older adults (eight of which conducted measurements post-exercise) and 14 studies included the administration of isolated proteins. Conclusion: This systematic review underscores the merits of the leucine trigger hypothesis for the explanation of the regulation of MPS. However, our data indicate that the leucine trigger hypothesis confers most application in regulating the post-prandial response of MPS to ingested proteins in older adults. Consistent with our hypothesis, we provide data to support the idea that the leucine trigger hypothesis is more relevant within the context of ingesting isolated protein sources rather than protein-rich whole foods. Future mechanistic studies are warranted to understand the complex series of modulatory factors beyond blood leucine concentration profiles within a food matrix that regulate post-prandial rates of MPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Zaromskyte
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Prokopidis
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Theofilos Ioannidis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin D Tipton
- Institute of Performance Nutrition, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver C Witard
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Zhang Y, Ideguchi H, Aoyagi H, Yamashiro K, Yamamoto T, Nishibori M, Takashiba S. Malnutrition delayed wound healing after tooth extraction by HMGB1-related prolonged inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107772. [PMID: 34162142 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Malnutrition causes prolonged inflammation, resulting in delayed wound healing. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a damage-associated molecular pattern that is present in the nuclei of macrophages and is secreted into the extracellular milieu in response to stimuli. It stimulates the production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) through the receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), inducing an inflammatory response, which is an essential response to initiate wound healing. We hypothesized that malnutrition may interfere with this cascade, causing abnormal inflammation and ultimately delaying wound healing. We used tooth-extracted mice with malnutrition fed with low-casein diet for two weeks. On days 3 and 7 after tooth extraction, the wound tissue was histologically observed and analyzed for several factors in the inflammation-regeneration lineage, including IL-1β, mesenchymal stem cells, myeloperoxidase activity, HMGB1, macrophage polarization, and adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP). On day 7, delayed wound healing was observed with the following findings under malnutrition conditions: decreased mRNA expression of genes for regeneration and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) accumulation, an obvious increase in myeloperoxidase and IL-1β mRNA expression, an increase in HMGB1 levels, and an increase in ATP concentration in tissues with elevated proportion of M2 macrophages. These results suggest that the significantly increased secretion of HMGB1 associated with the upregulated production of ATP and IL-1β secretion via the RAGE pathway may interfere with the resolution of inflammation and wound healing under the state of malnutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology - Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Ideguchi
- Department of Pathophysiology - Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Aoyagi
- Department of Pathophysiology - Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamashiro
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Present address: Department of Oral Health, Kobe Tokiwa University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- Department of Pathophysiology - Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shogo Takashiba
- Department of Pathophysiology - Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Molecular and Neural Mechanism of Dysphagia Due to Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137033. [PMID: 34210012 PMCID: PMC8269194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Along with the advances in diagnostic technology achieved through industry–academia partnerships, the survival rate of cancer patients has improved dramatically through treatments that include surgery, radiation therapy, and pharmacotherapy. This has increased the population of cancer “survivors” and made cancer survivorship an important part of life for patients. The senses of taste and smell during swallowing and cachexia play important roles in dysphagia associated with nutritional disorders in cancer patients. Cancerous lesions in the brain can cause dysphagia. Taste and smell disorders that contribute to swallowing can worsen or develop because of pharmacotherapy or radiation therapy; metabolic or central nervous system damage due to cachexia, sarcopenia, or inflammation can also cause dysphagia. As the causes of eating disorders in cancer patients are complex and involve multiple factors, cancer patients require a multifaceted and long-term approach by the medical care team.
Collapse
|