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Agnarelli A, Chevassut T, Mancini EJ. IRF4 in multiple myeloma—Biology, disease and therapeutic target. Leuk Res 2018; 72:52-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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52
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Avery DT, Kane A, Nguyen T, Lau A, Nguyen A, Lenthall H, Payne K, Shi W, Brigden H, French E, Bier J, Hermes JR, Zahra D, Sewell WA, Butt D, Elliott M, Boztug K, Meyts I, Choo S, Hsu P, Wong M, Berglund LJ, Gray P, O'Sullivan M, Cole T, Holland SM, Ma CS, Burkhart C, Corcoran LM, Phan TG, Brink R, Uzel G, Deenick EK, Tangye SG. Germline-activating mutations in PIK3CD compromise B cell development and function. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2073-2095. [PMID: 30018075 PMCID: PMC6080914 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in PIK3CD, encoding the p110δ subunit of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), cause a primary immunodeficiency. Affected individuals display impaired humoral immune responses following infection or immunization. To establish mechanisms underlying these immune defects, we studied a large cohort of patients with PIK3CD GOF mutations and established a novel mouse model using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing to introduce a common pathogenic mutation in Pik3cd In both species, hyperactive PI3K severely affected B cell development and differentiation in the bone marrow and the periphery. Furthermore, PI3K GOF B cells exhibited intrinsic defects in class-switch recombination (CSR) due to impaired induction of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and failure to acquire a plasmablast gene signature and phenotype. Importantly, defects in CSR, AID expression, and Ig secretion were restored by leniolisib, a specific p110δ inhibitor. Our findings reveal key roles for balanced PI3K signaling in B cell development and long-lived humoral immunity and memory and establish the validity of treating affected individuals with p110δ inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle T Avery
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alisa Kane
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Allergy, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tina Nguyen
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony Lau
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia
| | - Akira Nguyen
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen Lenthall
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathryn Payne
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wei Shi
- Molecular Immunology and Bioinformatics Divisions, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Henry Brigden
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elise French
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julia Bier
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jana R Hermes
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Zahra
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - William A Sewell
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia.,Immunology Department, SydPath, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Danyal Butt
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Elliott
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kaan Boztug
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,St. Anna Children's Hospital and Children's Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Childhood Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sharon Choo
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Hsu
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melanie Wong
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lucinda J Berglund
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Immunopathology Department, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul Gray
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of New South Wales School of Women's and Children's Health, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael O'Sullivan
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Princess Margaret Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Theresa Cole
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia.,Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christoph Burkhart
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lynn M Corcoran
- Molecular Immunology and Bioinformatics Divisions, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tri Giang Phan
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia.,Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia.,Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gulbu Uzel
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Elissa K Deenick
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia .,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia.,Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia .,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW), New South Wales, Australia.,Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortia Australia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Herviou L, Cavalli G, Moreaux J. [EZH2 is therapeutic target for personalized treatment in multiple myeloma]. Bull Cancer 2018; 105:804-819. [PMID: 30041976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a histone methyltransferase that functions as the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). PRC2 represses gene transcription through tri-methylation of lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3) by its catalytic subunit EZH2. EZH2 is also involved in normal B cell differentiation. EZH2 deregulation has been described in many cancer types including hematological malignancies. The oncogenic addiction of tumor cells to EZH2 represents a therapeutic target in several hematological malignancies and solid cancers. Specific small molecules have been recently developed to target cancer cells with EZH2 overexpression or activating mutation. Their therapeutic potential is currently under evaluation. In particular, EZH2 is overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM), a neoplasia characterized by the accumulation of clonal plasma cells within the bone marrow, with biological functions in the pathophysiology. This review summarizes the roles of EZH2 in B cell differentiation and pathologic hematological processes with a particular focus in multiple myeloma. We also discuss recent advances in the development of EZH2 inhibitors for the personalized treatment of patients with hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Herviou
- IGH, CNRS, université Montpellier, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Giacomo Cavalli
- IGH, CNRS, université Montpellier, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Moreaux
- IGH, CNRS, université Montpellier, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34090 Montpellier, France; CHU de Montpellier, department of biological hematology, 80, avenue Augustin-Fliche, 34090 Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier, UFR de médecine, 2, rue École de Médecine, CS 59001, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France.
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Sparger EE, Murphy BG, Kamal FM, Arzi B, Naydan D, Skouritakis CT, Cox DP, Skorupski K. Investigation of immune cell markers in feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018; 202:52-62. [PMID: 30078599 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common oral cancer in the cat and presents as a locally aggressive lesion for which an effective therapeutic protocol remains elusive. Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) shares many clinical characteristics with human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Accordingly, present studies were conducted to determine similarities for immune markers shared by feline OSCC and human HNSCC. Biopsies harvested from a feline patient cohort-1 (n = 12) were analyzed for lymphoid cell infiltrates by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results revealed unique patterns of T cell infiltration involving both neoplastic epithelium and stroma that were detected in most patient tumor biopsies (92%) examined by IHC staining for CD3. Intratumoral B cell infiltrates were detected within tumor stroma only, based on IHC staining for CD79a and CD20 for all patients within the same cohort-1. Infiltration of tumors by a regulatory CD4 T cell subset (Tregs) defined by expression of the forkhead transcription factor FoxP3, was also detected in biopsies from 57% of patients and involved infiltration of neoplastic epithelium and stroma. Patient biopsies were also examined for expression of immunomodulator cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and revealed positive but weak staining of neoplastic epithelium in a significant proportion of cases (75%). Interestingly, COX-2 expression was detected in both neoplastic epithelium and stroma. Blood collected from a second cohort of feline OSCC patients (n = 9) revealed an increased frequency of circulating CD4+FoxP3+ T cells when compared to healthy adult controls (n = 7) (P = 0.045), although frequencies of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T cells were comparable between patients and healthy pet cat controls. Lastly, biopsies from feline OSCC patients were characterized for histologic subtype using a classification scheme previously described for human HNSCC. This analysis revealed the conventional subtype as the predominant variant (75%) with conventional subtypes split evenly between well differentiated and moderately differentiated carcinomas. Two cases were classified as papillary and one case as basaloid subtypes. Correlations between subtype, immune marker scores or circulating Treg frequencies and clinical characteristics or outcome were not detected, most likely due to small patient numbers within patient cohorts. However, findings from these studies provide a preliminary step in the characterization of immune and histologic markers that will be critical to defining prognostic immune markers for feline OSCC and potential targets for testing of immunotherapeutics also relevant to human HNSCC in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen E Sparger
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Brian G Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Farina Mustaffa Kamal
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Diane Naydan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Chrisoula T Skouritakis
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Darren P Cox
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Skorupski
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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55
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Rénier W, Bourdin A, Rubbo PA, Peries M, Dedieu L, Bendriss S, Kremer L, Canaan S, Terru D, Godreuil S, Nagot N, Van de Perre P, Tuaillon E. B cells response directed against Cut4 and CFP21 lipolytic enzymes in active and latent tuberculosis infections. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196470. [PMID: 29709002 PMCID: PMC5927435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Better understanding of the immune response directed against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is critical for development of vaccine strategies and diagnosis tests. Previous studies suggested that Mtb enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, are associated with persistence and/or reactivation of dormant bacilli. METHODS Circulating antibodies secreting cells (ASCs), memory B cells, and antibodies directed against Cut4 (Rv3452) and CFP21 (Rv1984c) antigens were explored in subjects with either active- or latent-tuberculosis (LTB), and in Mtb-uninfected individuals. RESULTS Circulating anti-Cut4 ASCs were detected in 11/14 (78.6%) subjects from the active TB group vs. 4/17 (23.5%) from the LTB group (p = 0.001). Anti-CFP21 ASCs were found in 11/14 (78.6%) active TB vs. in 5/17 (29.4%) LTB cases (p = 0.01). Circulating anti-Cut4 and anti-CFP21 ASCs were not detected in 38 Mtb uninfected controls. Memory B cells directed against either Cut4 or CFP21 were identified in 8/11 (72.7%) and in 9/11 (81.8%) subjects with LTB infection, respectively, and in 2/6 Mtb uninfected individuals (33.3%). High level of anti-Cut4 and anti-CFP21 IgG were observed in active TB cases. CONCLUSION Circulating IgG SCs directed against Cut4 or CFP21 were mostly detected in patients presenting an active form of the disease, suggesting that TB reactivation triggers an immune response against these two antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Rénier
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre-Alain Rubbo
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianne Peries
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Luc Dedieu
- Laboratory of Enzymology at Interfaces and Physiology of Lipolysis, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Bendriss
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Kremer
- Institute of Research on Infection of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Canaan
- Laboratory of Enzymology at Interfaces and Physiology of Lipolysis, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, France
| | - Dominique Terru
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Godreuil
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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DNMTi/HDACi combined epigenetic targeted treatment induces reprogramming of myeloma cells in the direction of normal plasma cells. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:1062-1073. [PMID: 29500406 PMCID: PMC5931098 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy. Aberrant epigenetic modifications have been reported in MM and could be promising therapeutic targets. As response rates are overall limited but deep responses occur, it is important to identify those patients who could indeed benefit from epigenetic-targeted therapy. Methods Since HDACi and DNMTi combination have potential therapeutic value in MM, we aimed to build a GEP-based score that could be useful to design future epigenetic-targeted combination trials. In addition, we investigated the changes in GEP upon HDACi/DNMTi treatment. Results We report a new gene expression-based score to predict MM cell sensitivity to the combination of DNMTi/HDACi. A high Combo score in MM patients identified a group with a worse overall survival but a higher sensitivity of their MM cells to DNMTi/HDACi therapy compared to a low Combo score. In addition, treatment with DNMTi/HDACi downregulated IRF4 and MYC expression and appeared to induce a mature BMPC plasma cell gene expression profile in myeloma cell lines. Conclusion In conclusion, we developed a score for the prediction of primary MM cell sensitivity to DNMTi/HDACi and found that this combination could be beneficial in high-risk patients by targeting proliferation and inducing maturation.
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Differential effects of lenalidomide during plasma cell differentiation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:28096-111. [PMID: 27057635 PMCID: PMC5053712 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thalidomide, lenalidomide and pomalidomide have greatly improved the outcome of patients with multiple myeloma. However, their effects on plasma cells, the healthy counterpart of myeloma cells, are unknown. Here, we investigated lenalidomide effects on normal human plasma cell generation using an in vitro model. Lenalidomide inhibited the generation of pre-plasmablasts and early plasma cells, while it moderately affected plasmablast production. It also reduced the expression level of Ikaros, Aiolos, and IRF4 transcription factors, in plasmablasts and early plasma cells. This suggests that their differential sensitivity to lenalidomide is not due to a difference in Ikaros or Aiolos degradation. Lenalidomide also inhibited long-lived plasma cell generation, but did not impair their long-term survival once generated. This last observation is in agreement with the finding that lenalidomide treatment for 3-18 months did not affect the bone marrow healthy plasma cell count in allografted patients with multiple myeloma. Our findings should prompt to investigate whether lenalidomide resistance in patients with multiple myeloma could be associated with the emergence of malignant plasmablasts or long-lived plasma cells that are less sensitive to lenalidomide.
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58
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Abstract
DNA microarrays have considerably helped to improve the understanding of biological processes and diseases including multiple myeloma (MM). GEP analyses have been successful to classify MM, define risk, identify therapeutic targets, predict treatment response, and understand drug resistance.This generated large amounts of publicly available data that could benefit from easy-to-use bioinformatics resources to analyze them. Here we present easy-to-use and open-access bioinformatics tools to extract and visualize the most prominent information from GEP data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alboukadel Kassambara
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002, CNRS and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Moreaux
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002, CNRS and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- UFR de Médecine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Biological Hematology, Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Hopital Saint-Eloi-CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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Defendenti C, Atzeni F, Malandrin S, Ardizzone S, Almasio PL, Saibeni S, Bezzio C, Bollani S, Salerno R, Declich P, Sarno Z, Bruno S, Talotta R, Sarzi-Puttini P. Anti-tumour necrosis factor-α antibodies and B cell homeostasis in human inflammatory bowel diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 54:329-335. [PMID: 29197269 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of CD70 on T cells is greatly enhanced by antigen-presenting cell (APC)-associated signals, such as tumour necrosis factor(TNF)-α, which is constitutionally high in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Experimentally, the chronic activation of CD27 as a result of the constitutive expression of CD70 leads to the demise of B cells in bone marrow (BM) and the secondary lymphoid organs. The aim of this study was to assess the number and phenotype of circulating B cell in untreated IBD patients and their counterparts treated with biological anti-TNF drugs. METHODS The study involved 13 untreated IBD patients, 36 IBD patients treated with biological drugs, and 10 healthy controls. The B cell phenotypes were assessed by means of flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies specific for CD20, CD19, CD3, CD27 and CD43. In order to evaluate B cell development in bone marrow and peripheral B cell activation, we identified four B cell subsets: hematogones (HBs: CD20+19+3-27-43+), memory B cells (MBs: CD20+19+3-27+43-), pre-plasmablasts (PPBs: CD20+19+3-27+43+), and plasmablasts (PBs: CD20-19+3-27+43+). RESULTS The total number of B cells in the untreated patients was three times lower than that in the patients treated with biological drug (p<0.001), and half that in the healthy controls (p=0.03). The between-group differences (including the healthy donors) were statistically significant in the case of HBs and MBs, but not in the case of PPBs and PBs. Only one treated patient showed a transiently large increase in PPBs. There were statistically significant differences in all of the parameters between the untreated patients and those receiving biological therapy, and in some cases between the untreated patients and healthy controls, but never between the controls and the treated patients. Four non-responders to anti-TNF therapy had a smaller number of total circulating B cells than the untreated patients. CONCLUSIONS Anti-TNF drugs disinhibit B cell production in IBD patients, but maintain the constant homeostasis of circulating B cells. The presence of individual variations may allow the activity of anti-TNF drugs to be monitored by studying B cell subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergio Malandrin
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, ASST Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Sandro Ardizzone
- Division of Gastroenterology, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco Buzzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Piero Luigi Almasio
- Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialized Medicine (DI.BI.M.I.S.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Saibeni
- Division of Gastroenterology, Guido Salvini Hospital, Rho, Italy
| | - Cristina Bezzio
- Division of Gastroenterology, Guido Salvini Hospital, Rho, Italy
| | - Simona Bollani
- Division of Gastroenterology, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco Buzzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Salerno
- Division of Gastroenterology, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco Buzzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Declich
- Division of Pathology, ASST della Valtellina e dell'Alto Lario, Sondrio, Italy
| | - Zoe Sarno
- Laboratory, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco Buzzi, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rossella Talotta
- Rheumatology Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco Buzzi, Milan, Italy
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60
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Hipp N, Symington H, Pastoret C, Caron G, Monvoisin C, Tarte K, Fest T, Delaloy C. IL-2 imprints human naive B cell fate towards plasma cell through ERK/ELK1-mediated BACH2 repression. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1443. [PMID: 29129929 PMCID: PMC5682283 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma cell differentiation is a tightly regulated process that requires appropriate T cell helps to reach the induction threshold. To further understand mechanisms by which T cell inputs regulate B cell fate decision, we investigate the minimal IL-2 stimulation for triggering human plasma cell differentiation in vitro. Here we show that the timed repression of BACH2 through IL-2-mediated ERK/ELK1 signalling pathway directs plasma cell lineage commitment. Enforced BACH2 repression in activated B cells unlocks the plasma cell transcriptional program and induces their differentiation into immunoglobulin M-secreting cells. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq results further identify BACH2 target genes involved in this process. An active regulatory region within the BACH2 super-enhancer, under ELK1 control and differentially regulated upon B-cell activation and cellular divisions, helps integrate IL-2 signal. Our study thus provides insights into the temporal regulation of BACH2 and its targets for controlling the differentiation of human naive B cells. T cells help B cells to differentiate into antibody-producing plasma cells. Here the authors show that T cells produce interleukin-2 to activate ERK/ELK1 and suppress BACH2 expression by modulating the BACH2 super-enhancer, thereby altering BACH2 downstream transcription programs for plasma cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Hipp
- UMR U1236, Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) de Bretagne, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Labex IGO, 2 Av du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France
| | - Hannah Symington
- UMR U1236, Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) de Bretagne, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Labex IGO, 2 Av du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France
| | - Cédric Pastoret
- UMR U1236, Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) de Bretagne, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Labex IGO, 2 Av du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France.,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes Cedex 9, France
| | - Gersende Caron
- UMR U1236, Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) de Bretagne, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Labex IGO, 2 Av du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France.,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes Cedex 9, France
| | - Céline Monvoisin
- UMR U1236, Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) de Bretagne, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Labex IGO, 2 Av du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France
| | - Karin Tarte
- UMR U1236, Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) de Bretagne, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Labex IGO, 2 Av du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Thérapie Cellulaire et Hématopoïèse (ITeCH), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes Cedex 9, France
| | - Thierry Fest
- UMR U1236, Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) de Bretagne, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Labex IGO, 2 Av du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France. .,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes Cedex 9, France.
| | - Céline Delaloy
- UMR U1236, Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) de Bretagne, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Labex IGO, 2 Av du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes, France.
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Kassambara A, Jourdan M, Bruyer A, Robert N, Pantesco V, Elemento O, Klein B, Moreaux J. Global miRNA expression analysis identifies novel key regulators of plasma cell differentiation and malignant plasma cell. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:5639-5652. [PMID: 28459970 PMCID: PMC5449613 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that attenuate expression of their mRNA targets. Here, we developed a new method and an R package, to easily infer candidate miRNA–mRNA target interactions that could be functional during a given biological process. Using this method, we described, for the first time, a comprehensive integrated analysis of miRNAs and mRNAs during human normal plasma cell differentiation (PCD). Our results reveal 63 miRNAs with significant temporal changes in their expression during normal PCD. We derived a high-confidence network of 295 target relationships comprising 47 miRNAs and 141 targets. These relationships include new examples of miRNAs that appear to coordinately regulate multiple members of critical pathways associated with PCD. Consistent with this, we have experimentally validated a role for the miRNA-30b/c/d-mediated regulation of key PCD factors (IRF4, PRDM1, ELL2 and ARID3A). Furthermore, we found that 24 PCD stage-specific miRNAs are aberrantly overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM) tumor plasma cells compared to their normal counterpart, suggesting that MM cells frequently acquired expression changes in miRNAs already undergoing dynamic expression modulation during normal PCD. Altogether, our analysis identifies candidate novel key miRNAs regulating networks of significance for normal PCD and malignant plasma cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alboukadel Kassambara
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHRU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Michel Jourdan
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Angélique Bruyer
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHRU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Robert
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHRU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Bernard Klein
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHRU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, 34000 Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHRU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, 34000 Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France
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62
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Kuklina ЕМ, Nekrasova IV, Valieva YV. Involvement of Semaphorin (Sema4D) in T-Dependent Activation of B Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 163:447-450. [PMID: 28853092 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of endogenous semaphorin (Sema4D) into the key stage of T-dependent differentiation of B cells, formation of plasmoblasts, was demonstrated in vitro in T/B cell co-culture under conditions of polyclonal activation of T cells. The effect of semaphorin was not associated with activation of high-affinity Sema4D receptor plexin B1, but involves lowaffinity receptor CD72. These data indicate that Sema4D-dependent signal regulates not only the initial stage of B-cell activation, proliferative response to the antigen, but also further differentiation of B cells into plasma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Е М Kuklina
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia.
| | - I V Nekrasova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia
| | - Yu V Valieva
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia
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63
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Arjunaraja S, Nosé BD, Sukumar G, Lott NM, Dalgard CL, Snow AL. Intrinsic Plasma Cell Differentiation Defects in B Cell Expansion with NF-κB and T Cell Anergy Patient B Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:913. [PMID: 28824638 PMCID: PMC5539167 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell Expansion with NF-κB and T cell Anergy (BENTA) disease is a novel B cell lymphoproliferative disorder caused by germline, gain-of-function mutations in the lymphocyte scaffolding protein CARD11, which drives constitutive NF-κB signaling. Despite dramatic polyclonal expansion of naive and immature B cells, BENTA patients also present with signs of primary immunodeficiency, including markedly reduced percentages of class-switched/memory B cells and poor humoral responses to certain vaccines. Using purified naive B cells from our BENTA patient cohort, here we show that BENTA B cells exhibit intrinsic defects in B cell differentiation. Despite a profound in vitro survival advantage relative to normal donor B cells, BENTA patient B cells were severely impaired in their ability to differentiate into short-lived IgDloCD38hi plasmablasts or CD138+ long-lived plasma cells in response to various stimuli. These defects corresponded with diminished IgG antibody production and correlated with poor induction of specific genes required for plasma cell commitment. These findings provide important mechanistic clues that help explain both B cell lymphocytosis and humoral immunodeficiency in BENTA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swadhinya Arjunaraja
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Brent D Nosé
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Gauthaman Sukumar
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nathaniel M Lott
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Clifton L Dalgard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Lobashevsky A, Goggins W, Rosner K, Taber T. Immunogenicity of Class I HLA but not preformed low MFI donor specific antibodies correlates with outcomes after first renal transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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65
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Jourdan M, Robert N, Cren M, Thibaut C, Duperray C, Kassambara A, Cogné M, Tarte K, Klein B, Moreaux J. Characterization of human FCRL4-positive B cells. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28636654 PMCID: PMC5479562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
FCRL4 is an immunoregulatory receptor that belongs to the Fc receptor-like (FCRL) family. In healthy individuals, FCRL4 is specifically expressed by memory B cells (MBCs) localized in sub-epithelial regions of lymphoid tissues. Expansion of FCRL4+ B cells has been observed in blood and other tissues in various infectious and autoimmune disorders. Currently, the mechanisms involved in pathological FCRL4+ B cell generation are actively studied, but they remain elusive. As in vivo FCRL4+ cells are difficult to access and to isolate, here we developed a culture system to generate in vitro FCRL4+ B cells from purified MBCs upon stimulation with soluble CD40 ligand and/or CpG DNA to mimic T-cell dependent and/or T-cell independent activation, respectively. After 4 days of stimulation, FCRL4+ B cells represented 17% of all generated cells. Transcriptomic and phenotypic analyses of in vitro generated FCRL4+ cells demonstrated that they were closely related to FCRL4+ tonsillar MBCs. They strongly expressed inhibitory receptor genes, as observed in exhausted FCRL4+ MBCs from blood samples of HIV-infected individuals with high viremia. In agreement, cell cycle genes were significantly downregulated and the number of cell divisions was two-fold lower in in vitro generated FCRL4+ than FCRL4- cells. Finally, due to their reduced proliferation and differentiation potential, FCRL4+ cells were less prone to differentiate into plasma cells, differently from FCRL4- cells. Our in vitro model could be of major interest for studying the biology of normal and pathological FCRL4+ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Jourdan
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Robert
- CHU Montpellier, Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Coraline Thibaut
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Alboukadel Kassambara
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Montpellier, France
| | - Michel Cogné
- CNRS UMR 7276, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Karin Tarte
- Pôle Cellules et Tissus, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
- INSERM, U917, Rennes, France
| | - Bernard Klein
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, UFR Médecine, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, Montpellier, France
- CHU Montpellier, Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, UFR Médecine, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Kraus RJ, Yu X, Cordes BLA, Sathiamoorthi S, Iempridee T, Nawandar DM, Ma S, Romero-Masters JC, McChesney KG, Lin Z, Makielski KR, Lee DL, Lambert PF, Johannsen EC, Kenney SC, Mertz JE. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α plays roles in Epstein-Barr virus's natural life cycle and tumorigenesis by inducing lytic infection through direct binding to the immediate-early BZLF1 gene promoter. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006404. [PMID: 28617871 PMCID: PMC5487075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
When confronted with poor oxygenation, cells adapt by activating survival signaling pathways, including the oxygen-sensitive transcriptional regulators called hypoxia-inducible factor alphas (HIF-αs). We report here that HIF-1α also regulates the life cycle of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Incubation of EBV-positive gastric carcinoma AGS-Akata and SNU-719 and Burkitt lymphoma Sal and KemIII cell lines with a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, L-mimosine or deferoxamine, or the NEDDylation inhibitor MLN4924 promoted rapid and sustained accumulation of both HIF-1α and lytic EBV antigens. ShRNA knockdown of HIF-1α significantly reduced deferoxamine-mediated lytic reactivation. HIF-1α directly bound the promoter of the EBV primary latent-lytic switch BZLF1 gene, Zp, activating transcription via a consensus hypoxia-response element (HRE) located at nt -83 through -76 relative to the transcription initiation site. HIF-1α did not activate transcription from the other EBV immediate-early gene, BRLF1. Importantly, expression of HIF-1α induced EBV lytic-gene expression in cells harboring wild-type EBV, but not in cells infected with variants containing base-pair substitution mutations within this HRE. Human oral keratinocyte (NOK) and gingival epithelial (hGET) cells induced to differentiate by incubation with either methyl cellulose or growth in organotypic culture accumulated both HIF-1α and Blimp-1α, another cellular factor implicated in lytic reactivation. HIF-1α activity also accumulated along with Blimp-1α during B-cell differentiation into plasma cells. Furthermore, most BZLF1-expressing cells observed in lymphomas induced by EBV in NSG mice with a humanized immune system were located distal to blood vessels in hypoxic regions of the tumors. Thus, we conclude that HIF-1α plays central roles in both EBV’s natural life cycle and EBV-associated tumorigenesis. We propose that drugs that induce HIF-1α protein accumulation are good candidates for development of a lytic-induction therapy for treating some EBV-associated malignancies. Most adults throughout the world are infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a human herpesvirus frequently associated in a latent state with some cancers of epithelial and B-cell origin such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt lymphoma, respectively. To develop an oncolytic therapy for treating patients with EBV-associated cancers, we need a method to efficiently induce synthesis of lytic EBV proteins. The EBV protein encoded by its immediate-early BZLF1 gene usually mediates the switch into lytic viral infection. We show here that HIF-1α, a cellular transcription factor that accumulates in cells when deprived of normal levels of oxygen, can induce lytic EBV infection. HIF-1α mediates this switch by directly binding to a specific sequence located within the BZLF1 gene promoter, activating its expression. Importantly, we also show that deferoxamine, an FDA-approved drug that inhibits degradation of HIF-1α, can induce synthesis of lytic EBV proteins in some EBV-positive epithelial and lymphocytic cell lines. These findings indicate that HIF-1α-stabilizing drugs, administered in combination with nucleoside analogues such as ganciclovir, may be helpful as part of a lytic-induction therapy for treating some patients with EBV-positive malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Kraus
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Xianming Yu
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Blue-leaf A. Cordes
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Saraniya Sathiamoorthi
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Tawin Iempridee
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Dhananjay M. Nawandar
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Shidong Ma
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - James C. Romero-Masters
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kyle G. McChesney
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center and Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Kathleen R. Makielski
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Denis L. Lee
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Eric C. Johannsen
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Shannon C. Kenney
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Janet E. Mertz
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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67
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Arumugakani G, Stephenson SJ, Newton DJ, Rawstron A, Emery P, Doody GM, McGonagle D, Tooze RM. Early Emergence of CD19-Negative Human Antibody-Secreting Cells at the Plasmablast to Plasma Cell Transition. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2017; 198:4618-4628. [PMID: 28490574 PMCID: PMC5458329 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Long-lived human plasma cells (PCs) play central roles in immunity and autoimmunity and are enriched among the subpopulation of CD19neg human PCs. However, whether human CD19neg PCs are necessarily aged cells that have gradually lost CD19 expression is not known. Assessing peripheral blood samples at steady-state and during the acute response to influenza vaccination in healthy donors, we identify the presence of phenotypic CD19neg plasmablasts, the proliferative precursor state to mature PCs, and demonstrate by ELISPOT that these are Ab-secreting cells (ASCs). During the acute response to influenza vaccination, CD19pos, CD19low, and CD19neg ASCs secrete vaccine-specific Abs and show linked IGHV repertoires. To address precursor/product relationships, we use in vitro models that mimic T-dependent and T-independent differentiation, finding that the CD19neg state can be established at the plasmablast to PC transition, that CD19neg PCs increase as a percentage of surviving PCs in vitro, and that CD19neg and CD19pos PCs can be maintained independently. These data provide proof-of-principle for the view that newly generated ASCs can acquire a mature PC phenotype that is accompanied by loss of CD19 expression at an early stage of differentiation and that aging is not an obligate requirement for a CD19neg state to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gururaj Arumugakani
- Section of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie J Stephenson
- Section of Experimental Haematology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom; and
| | - Darren J Newton
- Section of Experimental Haematology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom; and
| | - Andy Rawstron
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Emery
- Section of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Gina M Doody
- Section of Experimental Haematology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom; and
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Section of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Reuben M Tooze
- Section of Experimental Haematology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom; and
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
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68
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Sanchez-Martin D, Uldrick TS, Kwak H, Ohnuki H, Polizzotto MN, Annunziata CM, Raffeld M, Wyvill KM, Aleman K, Wang V, Marshall VA, Whitby D, Yarchoan R, Tosato G. Evidence for a Mesothelial Origin of Body Cavity Effusion Lymphomas. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:3078996. [PMID: 28376153 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djx016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV)-induced lymphoma that typically arises in body cavities of HIV-infected patients. PEL cells are often co-infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). "PEL-like" lymphoma is a KSHV-unrelated lymphoma that arises in body cavities of HIV-negative patients. "PEL-like" lymphoma is sometimes EBV positive. The derivation of PEL/"PEL-like" cells is unclear. Methods Mesothelial cells were cultured from body cavity effusions of 23 patients. Cell proliferation, cytokine secretion, marker phenotypes, KSHV/EBV infection, and clonality were evaluated by standard methods. Gene expression was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. A mouse model of PEL (3 mice/group) was used to evaluate tumorigenicity. Results We found that the mesothelia derived from six effusions of HIV-infected patients with PEL or other KSHV-associated diseases contained rare KSHV + or EBV + mesothelial cells. After extended culture (16-17 weeks), some mesothelial cells underwent a trans-differentiation process, generating lymphoid-type CD45 + /B220 + , CD5 + , CD27 + , CD43 + , CD11c + , and CD3 - cells resembling "B1-cells," most commonly found in mouse body cavities. These "B1-like" cells were short lived. However, long-term KSHV + EBV - and EBV + KSHV - clonal cell lines emerged from mesothelial cultures from two patients that were clonally distinct from the monoclonal or polyclonal B-cell populations found in the patients' original effusions. Conclusions Mesothelial-to-lymphoid transformation is a newly identified in vitro process that generates "B1-like" cells and is associated with the emergence of long-lived KSHV or EBV-infected cell lines in KSHV-infected patients. These results identify mesothelial cultures as a source of PEL cells and lymphoid cells in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sanchez-Martin
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas S Uldrick
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hyeongil Kwak
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hidetaka Ohnuki
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark N Polizzotto
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christina M Annunziata
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen M Wyvill
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen Aleman
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Victoria Wang
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vickie A Marshall
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Viral Oncology Section, AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Denise Whitby
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Viral Oncology Section, AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Robert Yarchoan
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Giovanna Tosato
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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Schoenhals M, Jourdan M, Bruyer A, Kassambara A, Klein B, Moreaux J. Hypoxia favors the generation of human plasma cells. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:1104-1117. [PMID: 28463531 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1317408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma cells (PCs) generation occurs in hypoxic conditions in vivo, whereas the relevance of O2 pressure in PC differentiation remains unknown. Using our in vitro PC differentiation model, we investigated the role of hypoxia in PC generation. Hypoxia increases the generation of plasmablasts (PBs) starting from memory B cells, by increasing cell cycle and division number. Reactome analysis demonstrated a significant enrichment of genes involved in HIF1α and HIF2α transcription factor network, metabolism and MYC related pathways in hypoxic compared with normoxic PBs. Hypoxia-induced metabolism alteration and MYC pathway are involved in malignant PC pathophysiology. Therefore, the expression of 28 out of the 74 genes overexpressed in hypoxic PBs compared with normoxic ones was found to be associated with an adverse prognosis (event free survival and overall survival) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. According to the role of hypoxia in supporting PBs generation through cell cycle induction, c-MYC activation and metabolism alteration, it could be involved in plasma cell tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Schoenhals
- a Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UM UMR9002 , Montpellier , France.,b Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies , Department of Biological Hematology , CHU Montpellier , Montpellier , France
| | - Michel Jourdan
- a Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UM UMR9002 , Montpellier , France
| | - Angélique Bruyer
- a Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UM UMR9002 , Montpellier , France
| | - Alboukadel Kassambara
- a Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UM UMR9002 , Montpellier , France.,b Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies , Department of Biological Hematology , CHU Montpellier , Montpellier , France
| | - Bernard Klein
- a Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UM UMR9002 , Montpellier , France.,b Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies , Department of Biological Hematology , CHU Montpellier , Montpellier , France.,c University of Montpellier , UFR de Médecine , Montpellier , France
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- a Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UM UMR9002 , Montpellier , France.,b Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies , Department of Biological Hematology , CHU Montpellier , Montpellier , France.,c University of Montpellier , UFR de Médecine , Montpellier , France
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DEPTOR maintains plasma cell differentiation and favorably affects prognosis in multiple myeloma. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:92. [PMID: 28420429 PMCID: PMC5395780 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The B cell maturation process involves multiple steps, which are controlled by relevant pathways and transcription factors. The understanding of the final stages of plasma cell (PC) differentiation could provide new insights for therapeutic strategies in multiple myeloma (MM). Here, we explore the role of DEPTOR, an mTOR inhibitor, in the terminal differentiation of myeloma cells, and its potential impact on patient survival. Methods The expression level of DEPTOR in MM cell lines and B cell populations was measured by real-time RT-PCR, and/or Western blot analysis. DEPTOR protein level in MM patients was quantified by capillary electrophoresis immunoassay. RNA interference was used to downregulate DEPTOR in MM cell lines. Results DEPTOR knockdown in H929 and MM1S cell lines induced dedifferentiation of myeloma cells, as demonstrated by the upregulation of PAX5 and BCL6, the downregulation of IRF4, and a clear reduction in cell size and endoplasmic reticulum mass. This effect seemed to be independent of mTOR signaling, since mTOR substrates were not affected by DEPTOR knockdown. Additionally, the potential for DEPTOR to be deregulated in MM by particular miRNAs was investigated. The ectopic expression of miR-135b and miR-642a in myeloma cell lines substantially diminished DEPTOR protein levels, and caused dedifferentiation of myeloma cells. Interestingly, the level of expression of DEPTOR protein in myeloma patients was highly variable, the highest levels being associated with longer progression-free survival. Conclusions Our results demonstrate for the first time that DEPTOR expression is required to maintain myeloma cell differentiation and that high level of its expression are associated with better outcome. Primary samples used in this study correspond to patients entered into GEM2010 trial (registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01237249, 4 November 2010). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-017-0461-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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71
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Gascoyne DM, Lyne L, Spearman H, Buffa FM, Soilleux EJ, Banham AH. Vitamin D Receptor Expression in Plasmablastic Lymphoma and Myeloma Cells Confers Susceptibility to Vitamin D. Endocrinology 2017; 158:503-515. [PMID: 28001444 PMCID: PMC5460784 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plasmablastic B-cell malignancies include plasmablastic lymphoma and subsets of multiple myeloma and diffuse large B-cell lymphomaDLBCL. These diseases can be difficult to diagnose and treat, and they lack well-characterized cell line models. Here, immunophenotyping and FOXP1 expression profiling identified plasmablastic characteristics in DLBCL cell lines HLY-1 and SU-DHL-9, associated with CTNNAL1, HPGD, RORA, IGF1, and/or vitamin D receptor (VDR) transcription. We demonstrated VDR protein expression in primary plasmablastic tumor cells and confirmed in cell lines expression of both VDR and the metabolic enzyme CYP27B1, which catalyzes active vitamin D3 production. Although Vdr and Cyp27b1 transcription in normal B cells were activated by interleukin 4 (IL-4) and CD40 signaling, respectively, unstimulated malignant plasmablastic cells lacking IL-4 expressed both VDR and CYP27B1. Positive autoregulation evidenced intact VDR function in all plasmablastic lines, and inhibition of growth by active vitamin D3 was both dependent on MYC protein inhibition and could be enhanced by cotreatment with a synthetic ROR ligand SR-1078. Furthermore, a VDR polymorphism, FOK1, was associated with greater vitamin D3-dependent growth inhibition. In summary, HLY-1 provides an important model of strongly plasmablastic lymphoma, and disruption of VDR pathway activity may be of therapeutic benefit in both plasmablastic lymphoma and myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan M Gascoyne
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - Linden Lyne
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - Hayley Spearman
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | | | - Elizabeth J Soilleux
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - Alison H Banham
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
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Levy C, Fusil F, Amirache F, Costa C, Girard-Gagnepain A, Negre D, Bernadin O, Garaulet G, Rodriguez A, Nair N, Vandendriessche T, Chuah M, Cosset FL, Verhoeyen E. Baboon envelope pseudotyped lentiviral vectors efficiently transduce human B cells and allow active factor IX B cell secretion in vivo in NOD/SCIDγc -/- mice. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:2478-2492. [PMID: 27685947 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Essentials B cells are attractive targets for gene therapy and particularly interesting for immunotherapy. A baboon envelope pseudotyped lentiviral vector (BaEV-LV) was tested for B-cell transduction. BaEV-LVs transduced mature and plasma human B cells with very high efficacy. BaEV-LVs allowed secretion of functional factor IX from B cells at therapeutic levels in vivo. SUMMARY Background B cells are attractive targets for gene therapy for diseases associated with B-cell dysfunction and particularly interesting for immunotherapy. Moreover, B cells are potent protein-secreting cells and can be tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells. Objective Evaluation of human B cells for secretion of clotting factors such as factor IX (FIX) as a possible treatment for hemophilia. Methods We tested here for the first time our newly developed baboon envelope (BaEV) pseudotyped lentiviral vectors (LVs) for human (h) B-cell transduction following their adaptive transfer into an NOD/SCIDγc-/- (NSG) mouse. Results Upon B-cell receptor stimulation, BaEV-LVs transduced up to 80% of hB cells, whereas vesicular stomatitis virus G protein VSV-G-LV only reached 5%. Remarkably, BaEVTR-LVs permitted efficient transduction of 20% of resting naive and 40% of resting memory B cells. Importantly, BaEV-LVs reached up to 100% transduction of human plasmocytes ex vivo. Adoptive transfer of BaEV-LV-transduced mature B cells into NOD/SCID/γc-/- (NSG) [non-obese diabetic (NOD), severe combined immuno-deficiency (SCID)] mice allowed differentiation into plasmablasts and plasma B cells, confirming a sustained high-level gene marking in vivo. As proof of principle, we assessed BaEV-LV for transfer of human factor IX (hFIX) into B cells. BaEV-LVs encoding FIX efficiently transduced hB cells and their transfer into NSG mice demonstrated for the first time secretion of functional hFIX from hB cells at therapeutic levels in vivo. Conclusions The BaEV-LVs might represent a valuable tool for therapeutic protein secretion from autologous B cells in vivo in the treatment of hemophilia and other acquired or inherited diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Levy
- CIRI - International Center for Infectiology Research, Team EVIR, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - F Fusil
- CIRI - International Center for Infectiology Research, Team EVIR, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - F Amirache
- CIRI - International Center for Infectiology Research, Team EVIR, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - C Costa
- CIRI - International Center for Infectiology Research, Team EVIR, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - A Girard-Gagnepain
- CIRI - International Center for Infectiology Research, Team EVIR, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - D Negre
- CIRI - International Center for Infectiology Research, Team EVIR, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - O Bernadin
- CIRI - International Center for Infectiology Research, Team EVIR, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - G Garaulet
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Nair
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Vandendriessche
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Chuah
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F-L Cosset
- CIRI - International Center for Infectiology Research, Team EVIR, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - E Verhoeyen
- CIRI - International Center for Infectiology Research, Team EVIR, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
- Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Inserm, U1065, Équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', Nice, France
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73
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Piepenbrink MS, Samuel M, Zheng B, Carter B, Fucile C, Bunce C, Kiebala M, Khan AA, Thakar J, Maggirwar SB, Morse D, Rosenberg AF, Haughey NJ, Valenti W, Keefer MC, Kobie JJ. Humoral Dysregulation Associated with Increased Systemic Inflammation among Injection Heroin Users. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158641. [PMID: 27379802 PMCID: PMC4933366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Injection drug use is a growing major public health concern. Injection drug users (IDUs) have a higher incidence of co-morbidities including HIV, Hepatitis, and other infections. An effective humoral response is critical for optimal homeostasis and protection from infection; however, the impact of injection heroin use on humoral immunity is poorly understood. We hypothesized that IDUs have altered B cell and antibody profiles. Methods and Findings A comprehensive systems biology-based cross-sectional assessment of 130 peripheral blood B cell flow cytometry- and plasma- based features was performed on HIV-/Hepatitis C-, active heroin IDUs who participated in a syringe exchange program (n = 19) and healthy control subjects (n = 19). The IDU group had substantial polydrug use, with 89% reporting cocaine injection within the preceding month. IDUs exhibited a significant, 2-fold increase in total B cells compared to healthy subjects, which was associated with increased activated B cell subsets. Although plasma total IgG titers were similar between groups, IDUs had significantly higher IgG3 and IgG4, suggestive of chronic B cell activation. Total IgM was also increased in IDUs, as well as HIV Envelope-specific IgM, suggestive of increased HIV exposure. IDUs exhibited numerous features suggestive of systemic inflammation, including significantly increased plasma sCD40L, TNF-α, TGF-α, IL-8, and ceramide metabolites. Machine learning multivariate analysis distilled a set of 10 features that classified samples based on group with absolute accuracy. Conclusions These results demonstrate broad alterations in the steady-state humoral profile of IDUs that are associated with increased systemic inflammation. Such dysregulation may impact the ability of IDUs to generate optimal responses to vaccination and infection, or lead to increased risk for inflammation-related co-morbidities, and should be considered when developing immune-based interventions for this growing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Piepenbrink
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Memorie Samuel
- School of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Bo Zheng
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Brittany Carter
- School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, United States of America
| | - Christopher Fucile
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Catherine Bunce
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Michelle Kiebala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Atif A. Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Juilee Thakar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Sanjay B. Maggirwar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Diane Morse
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Alexander F. Rosenberg
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Norman J. Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - William Valenti
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
- Trillium Health, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Michael C. Keefer
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - James J. Kobie
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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HCK is a survival determinant transactivated by mutated MYD88, and a direct target of ibrutinib. Blood 2016; 127:3237-52. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-01-695098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
HCK transcription and activation is triggered by mutated MYD88, and is an important determinant of pro-survival signaling. HCK is also a target of ibrutinib, and inhibition of its kinase activity triggers apoptosis in mutated MYD88 cells.
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75
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Transcriptome sequencing reveals a profile that corresponds to genomic variants in Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Blood 2016; 128:827-38. [PMID: 27301862 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-03-708263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing has identified highly prevalent somatic mutations including MYD88, CXCR4, and ARID1A in Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). The impact of these and other somatic mutations on transcriptional regulation in WM remains to be clarified. We performed next-generation transcriptional profiling in 57 WM patients and compared findings to healthy donor B cells. Compared with healthy donors, WM patient samples showed greatly enhanced expression of the VDJ recombination genes DNTT, RAG1, and RAG2, but not AICDA Genes related to CXCR4 signaling were also upregulated and included CXCR4, CXCL12, and VCAM1 regardless of CXCR4 mutation status, indicating a potential role for CXCR4 signaling in all WM patients. The WM transcriptional profile was equally dissimilar to healthy memory B cells and circulating B cells likely due increased differentiation rather than cellular origin. The profile for CXCR4 mutations corresponded to diminished B-cell differentiation and suppression of tumor suppressors upregulated by MYD88 mutations in a manner associated with the suppression of TLR4 signaling relative to those mutated for MYD88 alone. Promoter methylation studies of top findings failed to explain this suppressive effect but identified aberrant methylation patterns in MYD88 wild-type patients. CXCR4 and MYD88 transcription were negatively correlated, demonstrated allele-specific transcription bias, and, along with CXCL13, were associated with bone marrow disease involvement. Distinct gene expression profiles for patients with wild-type MYD88, mutated ARID1A, familial predisposition to WM, chr6q deletions, chr3q amplifications, and trisomy 4 are also described. The findings provide novel insights into the molecular pathogenesis and opportunities for targeted therapeutic strategies for WM.
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76
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Schoenhals M, Jourdan M, Seckinger A, Pantesco V, Hose D, Kassambara A, Moreaux J, Klein B. Forced KLF4 expression increases the generation of mature plasma cells and uncovers a network linked with plasma cell stage. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:1919-28. [PMID: 27230497 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1191709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A role of the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in the generation of mature plasma cells (PC) is unknown. Indeed, KLF4 is critical in controlling the differentiation of various cell linages, particularly monocytes and epithelial cells. KLF4 is expressed at low levels in pro-B cells and its expression increases as they mature into pre-B cells, resting naïve B cells and memory B cells. We show here that KLF4 is expressed in human bone marrow plasma cells and its function was studied using an in vitro model of differentiation of memory B cells into long lived plasma cells. KLF4 is rapidly lost when memory B cells differentiate into highly cell cycling plasmablasts, poorly cycling early plasma cells and then quiescent long-lived plasma cells. A forced expression of KLF4 in plasmablasts enhances the yield of their differentiation into early plasma cell and long lived plasma cells, by inhibiting apoptosis and upregulating previously unknown plasma cell pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Schoenhals
- a Department of Biological Hematology , CHU Montpellier , Montpellier , France
| | - Michel Jourdan
- b Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142 , Montpellier , France
| | - Anja Seckinger
- c Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany.,d Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen , Heidelberg , Germany
| | | | - Dirk Hose
- c Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany.,d Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen , Heidelberg , Germany
| | | | - Jérôme Moreaux
- a Department of Biological Hematology , CHU Montpellier , Montpellier , France.,b Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142 , Montpellier , France.,f University of Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine , Montpellier , France
| | - Bernard Klein
- a Department of Biological Hematology , CHU Montpellier , Montpellier , France.,b Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142 , Montpellier , France.,f University of Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine , Montpellier , France
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Plasma cell alloantigen ENPP1 is expressed by a subset of human B cells with potential regulatory functions. Immunol Cell Biol 2016; 94:719-28. [PMID: 27029896 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Plasma cell alloantigen 1 (PC1), also known as ENPP1 (ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1), is an enzyme involved primarily in hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate at the cell surface. Although the expression pattern of PC1 is relatively broad, its expression in B cells is found at significant levels only in terminally differentiated germinal center B cells, plasma cells and a subset of B-1a cells in mice. Here we describe studies designed to determine whether expression of PC1 might define novel populations of human B cells with similarities to mouse B cells. We found that PC1 is expressed in small populations of human B lineage cells in peripheral blood, cord blood, tonsils, bone marrow and pediatric peritoneal fluid, with the highest levels in plasma cells. The characteristics of human PC1(+) B cells differ from mouse peritoneal B-1a subsets and from features of the human CD20(+)CD27(+)CD43(+)CD70(-) B-cell subset proposed to be human B-1 cells. Expression of PC1 was greatly increased in B cells stimulated with the combination of CD40 ligand, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-21. In addition, PC1(+) B cells activated CD4(+) T regulatory cells. ENPP1 thus defines a subset of human B cells that differs significantly from mouse peritoneal B-1a and proposed human B-1 cells.
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78
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Roth A, Glaesener S, Schütz K, Meyer-Bahlburg A. Reduced Number of Transitional and Naive B Cells in Addition to Decreased BAFF Levels in Response to the T Cell Independent Immunogen Pneumovax®23. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152215. [PMID: 27031098 PMCID: PMC4816312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protective immunity against T cell independent (TI) antigens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae is characterized by antibody production of B cells induced by the combined activation of T cell independent type 1 and type 2 antigens in the absence of direct T cell help. In mice, the main players in TI immune responses have been well defined as marginal zone (MZ) B cells and B-1 cells. However, the existence of human equivalents to these B cell subsets and the nature of the human B cell compartment involved in the immune reaction remain elusive. We therefore analyzed the effect of a TI antigen on the B cell compartment through immunization of healthy individuals with the pneumococcal polysaccharide (PnPS)-based vaccine Pneumovax®23, and subsequent characterization of B cell subpopulations. Our data demonstrates a transient decrease of transitional and naïve B cells, with a concomitant increase of IgA+ but not IgM+ or IgG+ memory B cells and a predominant generation of PnPS-specific IgA+ producing plasma cells. No alterations could be detected in T cells, or proposed human B-1 and MZ B cell equivalents. Consistent with the idea of a TI immune response, antigen-specific memory responses could not be observed. Finally, BAFF, which is supposed to drive class switching to IgA, was unexpectedly found to be decreased in serum in response to Pneumovax®23. Our results demonstrate that a characteristic TI response induced by Pneumovax®23 is associated with distinct phenotypical and functional changes within the B cell compartment. Those modulations occur in the absence of any modulations of T cells and without the development of a specific memory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Roth
- Pediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephanie Glaesener
- Pediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Schütz
- Pediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Almut Meyer-Bahlburg
- Pediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Maes K, De Smedt E, Kassambara A, Hose D, Seckinger A, Van Valckenborgh E, Menu E, Klein B, Vanderkerken K, Moreaux J, De Bruyne E. In vivo treatment with epigenetic modulating agents induces transcriptional alterations associated with prognosis and immunomodulation in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:3319-34. [PMID: 25669970 PMCID: PMC4413656 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) are in early clinical development for multiple myeloma (MM) therapy. Despite all encouraging pre-clinical data, clinical activity of HDACi and DNMTi is mostly lacking. To optimize the trials, characterization of the in vivo response towards HDACi and DNMTi will be crucial. Therefore, we investigated the transcriptional response after in vivo treatment with the HDACi quisinostat or DNMTi decitabine using the murine 5T33MM model. We identified 504 and 154 genes deregulated by quisinostat and decitabine, respectively. Of interest, MM patients' gene expression levels of 62 quisinostat- and 25 decitabine-deregulated genes were predictive for overall survival of patients. This prognostic information was implemented in a DNA methylation and histone acetylation score. A high score was related to a high proliferative and immature phenotype of MM cells. Furthermore, highly scored MM patients had an adverse overall survival. Interestingly, bio-informatic prediction tools revealed an association of quisinostat-deregulated genes with lymphocyte activation, proliferation, immune-effector mechanisms and T-helper-1 development. Overall, treatment of 5T33MM mice with epigenetic modulating agents led to the translation of gene signatures to predict overall survival of MM patients. HDACi mainly deregulated tumoral immunomodulatory pathways, supporting the rationale to combine HDACi with immunomodulatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Maes
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eva De Smedt
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alboukadel Kassambara
- Department of Biological Haematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, Montpellier, France
| | - Dirk Hose
- Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Seckinger
- Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Els Van Valckenborgh
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eline Menu
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Klein
- Department of Biological Haematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France
| | - Karin Vanderkerken
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- Department of Biological Haematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France
| | - Elke De Bruyne
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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80
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Quách TD, Rodríguez-Zhurbenko N, Hopkins TJ, Guo X, Hernández AM, Li W, Rothstein TL. Distinctions among Circulating Antibody-Secreting Cell Populations, Including B-1 Cells, in Human Adult Peripheral Blood. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:1060-9. [PMID: 26740107 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human Ab-secreting cell (ASC) populations in circulation are not well studied. In addition to B-1 (CD20(+)CD27(+)CD38(lo/int)CD43(+)) cell and conventional plasmablast (PB) (CD20-CD27(hi)CD38(hi)) cell populations, in this study, we identified a novel B cell population termed 20(+)38(hi) B cells (CD20(+)CD27(hi)CD38(hi)) that spontaneously secretes Ab. At steady-state, 20(+)38(hi) B cells are distinct from PBs on the basis of CD20 expression, amount of Ab production, frequency of mutation, and diversity of BCR repertoire. However, cytokine treatment of 20(+)38(hi) B cells induces loss of CD20 and acquisition of CD138, suggesting that 20(+)38(hi) B cells are precursors to PBs or pre-PBs. We then evaluated similarities and differences among CD20(+)CD27(+)CD38(lo/int)CD43(+) B-1 cells, CD20(+)CD27(hi)CD38(hi) 20(+)38(hi) B cells, CD20(-)CD27(hi)CD38(hi) PBs, and CD20(+)CD27(+)CD38(lo/int)CD43(-) memory B cells. We found that B-1 cells differ from 20(+)38(hi) B cells and PBs in a number of ways, including Ag expression, morphological appearance, transcriptional profiling, Ab skewing, Ab repertoire, and secretory response to stimulation. In terms of gene expression, B-1 cells align more closely with memory B cells than with 20(+)38(hi) B cells or PBs, but differ in that memory B cells do not express Ab secretion-related genes. We found that B-1 cell Abs use Vh4-34, which is often associated with autoreactivity, 3- to 6-fold more often than other B cell populations. Along with selective production of IgM anti-phosphoryl choline, these data suggest that human B-1 cells might be preferentially selected for autoreactivity/natural specificity. In summary, our results indicate that human healthy adult peripheral blood at steady-state consists of three distinct ASC populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tâm D Quách
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Nely Rodríguez-Zhurbenko
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030; Tumor Immunology Direction, Center for Molecular Immunology, Havana 11600, Cuba; and
| | - Thomas J Hopkins
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Xiaoti Guo
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Ana María Hernández
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030; Tumor Immunology Direction, Center for Molecular Immunology, Havana 11600, Cuba; and
| | - Wentian Li
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Thomas L Rothstein
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030;
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81
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Cell-Cycle-Dependent Reconfiguration of the DNA Methylome during Terminal Differentiation of Human B Cells into Plasma Cells. Cell Rep 2015; 13:1059-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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82
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Sklyar IV, Pichugin AM, Razin SV, Vassetzky ES, Iarovaia OV. Nuclear localization of translocation partners in differentiating B-cells. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2015; 464:312-4. [PMID: 26518556 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672915050129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We studied the nuclear localization and relative position in the nuclear space of malignant translocation partner genes c-Myc, CCND1, and IGH locus in naive and differentiating B cells. We have shown that, during B-cell maturation, c-Myc and IGH loci become closer to each other. In differentiating lymphocytes, those alleles of c-Myc and IGH that are in close spatial proximity to each other are closer to the nucleolus. For the CCND1 locus, no correlation between the proximity of loci and nuclear localization was found. These data suggest that the close spatial proximity of c-Myc and IGH loci during B-cell maturation increase the probability of malignant translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Sklyar
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 34/5, Moscow, 119334, Russia.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus Grand Paris, Villejuif, France.,Laboratoire Franco-Russe de Recherche en Oncologie (LIA1066), Paris, France
| | - A M Pichugin
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus Grand Paris, Villejuif, France.,Laboratoire Franco-Russe de Recherche en Oncologie (LIA1066), Paris, France.,St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, ul. Politekhnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg, 195521, Russia
| | - S V Razin
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 34/5, Moscow, 119334, Russia. .,Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - E S Vassetzky
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus Grand Paris, Villejuif, France
| | - O V Iarovaia
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 34/5, Moscow, 119334, Russia.,Laboratoire Franco-Russe de Recherche en Oncologie (LIA1066), Paris, France
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83
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Halliley JL, Tipton CM, Liesveld J, Rosenberg AF, Darce J, Gregoretti IV, Popova L, Kaminiski D, Fucile CF, Albizua I, Kyu S, Chiang KY, Bradley KT, Burack R, Slifka M, Hammarlund E, Wu H, Zhao L, Walsh EE, Falsey AR, Randall TD, Cheung WC, Sanz I, Lee FEH. Long-Lived Plasma Cells Are Contained within the CD19(-)CD38(hi)CD138(+) Subset in Human Bone Marrow. Immunity 2015; 43:132-45. [PMID: 26187412 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Antibody responses to viral infections are sustained for decades by long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs). However, LLPCs have yet to be characterized in humans. Here we used CD19, CD38, and CD138 to identify four PC subsets in human bone marrow (BM). We found that the CD19(-)CD38(hi)CD138(+) subset was morphologically distinct, differentially expressed PC-associated genes, and exclusively contained PCs specific for viral antigens to which the subjects had not been exposed for more than 40 years. Protein sequences of measles- and mumps-specific circulating antibodies were encoded for by CD19(-)CD38(hi)CD138(+) PCs in the BM. Finally, we found that CD19(-)CD38(hi)CD138(+) PCs had a distinct RNA transcriptome signature and human immunoglobulin heavy chain (VH) repertoire that was relatively uncoupled from other BM PC subsets and probably represents the B cell response's "historical record" of antigenic exposure. Thus, our studies define human LLPCs and provide a mechanism for the life-long maintenance of anti-viral antibodies in the serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Halliley
- Divisions of Pulmonary, Allergy, & Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Christopher M Tipton
- Division of Rheumatology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Lowance Center for Human Immunology in the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jane Liesveld
- Divisions of Hematology/Oncology/James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Alexander F Rosenberg
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jaime Darce
- Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers, MA 01923, USA
| | | | - Lana Popova
- Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers, MA 01923, USA
| | - Denise Kaminiski
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Christopher F Fucile
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Igor Albizua
- Divisions of Pulmonary, Allergy, & Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shuya Kyu
- Divisions of Pulmonary, Allergy, & Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kuang-Yueh Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kyle T Bradley
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Richard Burack
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Mark Slifka
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | | | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Edward E Walsh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Rochester Medical Center & Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, USA
| | - Ann R Falsey
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Rochester Medical Center & Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, USA
| | - Troy D Randall
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | - Iñaki Sanz
- Division of Rheumatology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Lowance Center for Human Immunology in the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - F Eun-Hyung Lee
- Divisions of Pulmonary, Allergy, & Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Lowance Center for Human Immunology in the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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84
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Matsuda Y, Haneda M, Kadomatsu K, Kobayashi T. A proliferation-inducing ligand sustains the proliferation of human naïve (CD27−) B cells and mediates their differentiation into long-lived plasma cells in vitro via transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor and B-cell mature antigen. Cell Immunol 2015; 295:127-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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85
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L. Rothstein
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; and the Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine; Manhasset New York
| | - Tam D. Quach
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; and the Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine; Manhasset New York
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86
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Rozanski CH, Utley A, Carlson LM, Farren MR, Murray M, Russell LM, Nair JR, Yang Z, Brady W, Garrett-Sinha LA, Schoenberger SP, Green JM, Boise LH, Lee KP. CD28 Promotes Plasma Cell Survival, Sustained Antibody Responses, and BLIMP-1 Upregulation through Its Distal PYAP Proline Motif. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2015; 194:4717-28. [PMID: 25833397 PMCID: PMC4416738 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In health, long-lived plasma cells (LLPC) are essential for durable protective humoral immunity, and, conversely, in disease are a major source of pathogenic Abs in autoimmunity, graft rejection, and allergy. However, the molecular basis for their longevity is largely unknown. We have recently found that CD28 signaling in plasma cells (PC) is essential for sustaining Ab titers, by supporting the survival of LLPC, but not short-lived PC (SLPC). We now find that, unlike SLPC, CD28 activation in LLPC induces prosurvival downstream Vav signaling. Knockin mice with CD28 cytoplasmic tail mutations that abrogate Vav signaling (CD28-AYAA) had significantly fewer LLPC but unaffected SLPC numbers, whereas mice with mutations that abrogate PI3K signaling (CD28-Y170F) were indistinguishable from wild-type controls. This was consistent with the loss of CD28's prosurvival effect in LLPC from CD28-AYAA, but not CD28-Y170F, mice. Furthermore, the CD28 Vav motif in the B lineage was essential for the long-term maintenance of Ag-specific LLPC populations and Ab titers in vivo. Signaling downstream of the CD28 Vav motif induced previously undescribed transcriptional regulation of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1, a key mediator of PC differentiation and maintenance. These findings suggest CD28 signaling in LLPC modulates the central B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 transcriptional nexus involved in long-term survival and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl H Rozanski
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Adam Utley
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Louise M Carlson
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Matthew R Farren
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Megan Murray
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Lisa M Russell
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Jayakumar R Nair
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - ZhengYu Yang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - William Brady
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | | | - Stephen P Schoenberger
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Jonathan M Green
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Lawrence H Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322; and
| | - Kelvin P Lee
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263; Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
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87
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Rathore DK, Nair D, Raza S, Saini S, Singh R, Kumar A, Tripathi R, Ramji S, Batra A, Aggarwal KC, Chellani HK, Arya S, Bhatla N, Paul VK, Aggarwal R, Agarwal N, Mehta U, Sopory S, Natchu UCM, Bhatnagar S, Bal V, Rath S, Wadhwa N. Underweight full-term Indian neonates show differences in umbilical cord blood leukocyte phenotype: a cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123589. [PMID: 25898362 PMCID: PMC4405369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While infections are a major cause of neonatal mortality in India even in full-term neonates, this is an especial problem in the large proportion (~20%) of neonates born underweight (or small-for-gestational-age; SGA). One potential contributory factor for this susceptibility is the possibility that immune system maturation may be affected along with intrauterine growth retardation. METHODS In order to examine the possibility that differences in immune status may underlie the susceptibility of SGA neonates to infections, we enumerated the frequencies and concentrations of 22 leukocyte subset populations as well as IgM and IgA levels in umbilical cord blood from full-term SGA neonates and compared them with values from normal-weight (or appropriate-for-gestational-age; AGA) full-term neonates. We eliminated most SGA-associated risk factors in the exclusion criteria so as to ensure that AGA-SGA differences, if any, would be more likely to be associated with the underweight status itself. RESULTS An analysis of 502 such samples, including 50 from SGA neonates, showed that SGA neonates have significantly fewer plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), a higher myeloid DC (mDC) to pDC ratio, more natural killer (NK) cells, and higher IgM levels in cord blood in comparison with AGA neonates. Other differences were also observed such as tendencies to lower CD4:CD8 ratios and greater prominence of inflammatory monocytes, mDCs and neutrophils, but while some of them had substantial differences, they did not quite reach the standard level of statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS These differences in cellular lineages of the immune system possibly reflect stress responses in utero associated with growth restriction. Increased susceptibility to infections may thus be linked to complex immune system dysregulation rather than simply retarded immune system maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak K. Rathore
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Deepa Nair
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Saimah Raza
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Savita Saini
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Reeta Singh
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Reva Tripathi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Siddarth Ramji
- Department of Neonatology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Aruna Batra
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Kailash C. Aggarwal
- Department of Pediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Harish K. Chellani
- Department of Pediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sugandha Arya
- Department of Pediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Neerja Bhatla
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod K. Paul
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Aggarwal
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nidhi Agarwal
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, General Hospital, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Umesh Mehta
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Shailaja Sopory
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Uma Chandra Mouli Natchu
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Shinjini Bhatnagar
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Vineeta Bal
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Satyajit Rath
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitya Wadhwa
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
- * E-mail:
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88
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Plasmablastic lymphoma versus diffuse large B cell lymphoma with plasmablastic differentiation: proposal for a novel diagnostic scoring system. J Hematop 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-014-0227-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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89
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Kassambara A, Rème T, Jourdan M, Fest T, Hose D, Tarte K, Klein B. GenomicScape: an easy-to-use web tool for gene expression data analysis. Application to investigate the molecular events in the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004077. [PMID: 25633866 PMCID: PMC4310610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA microarrays have considerably helped to improve the understanding of biological processes and diseases. Large amounts of publicly available microarray data are accumulating, but are poorly exploited due to a lack of easy-to-use bioinformatics resources. The aim of this study is to build a free and convenient data-mining web site (www.genomicscape.com). GenomicScape allows mining dataset from various microarray platforms, identifying genes differentially expressed between populations, clustering populations, visualizing expression profiles of large sets of genes, and exporting results and figures. We show how easily GenomicScape makes it possible to construct a molecular atlas of the B cell differentiation using publicly available transcriptome data of naïve B cells, centroblasts, centrocytes, memory B cells, preplasmablasts, plasmablasts, early plasma cells and bone marrow plasma cells. Genes overexpressed in each population and the pathways encoded by these genes are provided as well as how the populations cluster together. All the analyses, tables and figures can be easily done and exported using GenomicScape and this B cell to plasma cell atlas is freely available online. Beyond this B cell to plasma cell atlas, the molecular characteristics of any biological process can be easily and freely investigated by uploading the corresponding transcriptome files into GenomicScape. The use of DNA microarrays has emerged as a powerful tool for biomedical research to understand complex biological processes and diseases, generating large amounts of publicly available data. Most of these data remain unused by scientific community due to the lack of easy-to-use bioinformatics resources to analyze them. Here we present GenomicScape (www.genomicscape.com), a free online data-mining platform to identify quickly molecular changes during any biological process. As an example, we used GenomicScape to build a comprehensive and accessible molecular atlas of human B cell differentiation, which will be of great interest for immunologists to further understand normal and malignant B cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alboukadel Kassambara
- U1040, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Rème
- U1040, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Dirk Hose
- Medizinische Klinik V, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg and Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Bernard Klein
- U1040, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- UFR Médecine, Université MONTPELLIER 1, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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90
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Maes K, De Smedt E, Lemaire M, De Raeve H, Menu E, Van Valckenborgh E, McClue S, Vanderkerken K, De Bruyne E. The role of DNA damage and repair in decitabine-mediated apoptosis in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2015; 5:3115-29. [PMID: 24833108 PMCID: PMC4102796 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are under investigation for the treatment of cancer, including the plasma cell malignancy multiple myeloma (MM). Evidence exists that DNA damage and repair contribute to the cytotoxicity mediated by the DNMTi decitabine. Here, we investigated the DNA damage response (DDR) induced by decitabine in MM using 4 human MM cell lines and the murine 5T33MM model. In addition, we explored how the HDACi JNJ-26481585 affects this DDR. Decitabine induced DNA damage (gamma-H2AX foci formation), followed by a G0/G1- or G2/M-phase arrest and caspase-mediated apoptosis. JNJ-26481585 enhanced the anti-MM effect of decitabine both in vitro and in vivo. As JNJ-26481585 did not enhance decitabine-mediated gamma-H2AX foci formation, we investigated the DNA repair response towards decitabine and/or JNJ-26481585. Decitabine augmented RAD51 foci formation (marker for homologous recombination (HR)) and/or 53BP1 foci formation (marker for non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)). Interestingly, JNJ-26481585 negatively affected basal or decitabine-induced RAD51 foci formation. Finally, B02 (RAD51 inhibitor) enhanced decitabine-mediated apoptosis. Together, we report that decitabine-induced DNA damage stimulates HR and/or NHEJ. JNJ-26481585 negatively affects RAD51 foci formation, thereby providing an additional explanation for the combinatory effect between decitabine and JNJ-26481585.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Maes
- Department of Hematology and Immunology-Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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91
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Woo J, Vierboom MPM, Kwon H, Chao D, Ye S, Li J, Lin K, Tang I, Belmar NA, Hartman T, Breedveld E, Vexler V, 't Hart BA, Law DA, Starling GC. PDL241, a novel humanized monoclonal antibody, reveals CD319 as a therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 15:R207. [PMID: 24299175 PMCID: PMC3978732 DOI: 10.1186/ar4400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Targeting the CD20 antigen has been a successful therapeutic intervention in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, in some patients with an inadequate response to anti-CD20 therapy, a persistence of CD20- plasmablasts is noted. The strong expression of CD319 on CD20- plasmablast and plasma cell populations in RA synovium led to the investigation of the potential of CD319 as a therapeutic target. Methods PDL241, a novel humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to CD319, was generated and examined for its ability to inhibit immunoglobulin production from plasmablasts and plasma cells generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in the presence and absence of RA synovial fibroblasts (RA-SF). The in vivo activity of PDL241 was determined in a human PBMC transfer into NOD scid IL-2 gamma chain knockout (NSG) mouse model. Finally, the ability of PDL241 to ameliorate experimental arthritis was evaluated in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in rhesus monkeys. Results PDL241 bound to plasmablasts and plasma cells but not naïve B cells. Consistent with the binding profile, PDL241 inhibited the production of IgM from in vitro PBMC cultures by the depletion of CD319+ plasmablasts and plasma cells but not B cells. The activity of PDL241 was dependent on an intact Fc portion of the IgG1 and mediated predominantly by natural killer cells. Inhibition of IgM production was also observed in the human PBMC transfer to NSG mouse model. Treatment of rhesus monkeys in a CIA model with PDL241 led to a significant inhibition of anti-collagen IgG and IgM antibodies. A beneficial effect on joint related parameters, including bone remodeling, histopathology, and joint swelling was also observed. Conclusions The activity of PDL241 in both in vitro and in vivo models highlights the potential of CD319 as a therapeutic target in RA.
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92
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Targeted therapy for HM1.24 (CD317) on multiple myeloma cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:965384. [PMID: 25143955 PMCID: PMC4124849 DOI: 10.1155/2014/965384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) still remains an incurable disease, at least because of the existence of cell-adhesion mediated drug-resistant MM cells and/or continuous recruitment of presumed MM cancer stem cell-like cells (CSCs). As a new alternative treatment modality, immunological approaches using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and/or cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are now attracting much attention as a novel strategy attacking MM cells. We have identified that HM1.24 [also known as bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2) or CD317] is overexpressed on not only mature MM cells but also MM CSCs. We then have developed a humanized mAb to HM1.24 and defucosylated version of the mAb to adapt to clinical practice. Moreover, we have successfully induced HM1.24-specific CTLs against MM cells. The combination of these innovative therapeutic modalities may likely exert an anti-MM activity by evading the drug resistance mechanism and eliminating presumed CSCs in MM.
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93
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Purssell E. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors inhibit antibody response through interference with MAPK/ERK pathways and BLIMP-1 inhibition. Med Hypotheses 2014; 83:372-7. [PMID: 25012778 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fever is a common symptom of illness in children, and although not harmful in itself, fever and its associated symptoms are often treated with antipyretic drugs. A number of national and other guidelines now recommend against their routine use; a conclusion that was initially supported by a study showing that the prophylactic use of paracetamol might reduce antibody response to some vaccine antigens, although data from booster vaccinations are more equivocal. Although in vivo data on the cause of this inhibition are scarce, in vitro data suggests that the cause may be due to inhibition of the mitogen activated protein kinase/extracellular regulated protein kinase pathways, and a subsequent reduction in the process of plasma cell differentiation at the beginning of the antibody response. This suggests that in high-risk patients these drugs could be avoided in the early part of an infection when plasma-cell differentiation is occurring. More data are needed to define this period; until then existing data support the recommendation against the routine use of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Purssell
- King's College London, James Clerk Maxwell Building, 57 Waterloo Road, London SE1 8WA, United Kingdom.
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94
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Ghamlouch H, Ouled-Haddou H, Guyart A, Regnier A, Trudel S, Claisse JF, Fuentes V, Royer B, Marolleau JP, Gubler B. Phorbol myristate acetate, but not CD40L, induces the differentiation of CLL B cells into Ab-secreting cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2014; 92:591-604. [PMID: 24797583 PMCID: PMC4134517 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2014.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the capacity of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells to undergo terminal differentiation into Ig-secreting plasma cells in T cell-independent and T cell-dependent responses. We used a two-step model involving stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and CD40L, together with cytokines (PMA/c and CD40L/c), for 7 days. We describe immunophenotypic modifications, changes in the levels of mRNA and protein for transcription factors and morphological and functional events occurring during the differentiation of CLL B cells into antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). The induction of differentiation differed significantly between the CD40L/c and PMA/c culture systems. The PMA/c culture system allowed CLL B cells to differentiate into IgM-secreting cells with an immunophenotype and molecular profile resembling those of preplasmablasts. By contrast, CD40L/c-stimulated cells had a phenotype and morphology similar to those of activated B cells and resembling those of the CLL B cells residing in the lymph node and bone marrow. These data suggest that the CLL B cells are not frozen permanently at a stage of differentiation and are able to differentiate into ASCs as appropriate stimulation are provided. The data presented here raise questions about the molecular processes and stimulation required for CLL B-cell differentiation and about the inability of CD40 ligand to induce differentiation of the CLL B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Ghamlouch
- EA4666, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, UFR de Médecine, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Hakim Ouled-Haddou
- EA4666, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, UFR de Médecine, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Aude Guyart
- EA4666, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, UFR de Médecine, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Aline Regnier
- 1] EA4666, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, UFR de Médecine, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France [2] Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, CHU d'Amiens, Avenue René Laënnec, Amiens, France
| | - Stéphanie Trudel
- 1] EA4666, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, UFR de Médecine, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France [2] Laboratoire d'Oncobiologie Moléculaire, CHU d'Amiens, Avenue René Laënnec, Amiens, France
| | - Jean-François Claisse
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, CHU d'Amiens, Avenue René Laënnec, Amiens, France
| | - Vincent Fuentes
- EA4666, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, UFR de Médecine, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Bruno Royer
- 1] EA4666, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, UFR de Médecine, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France [2] Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, CHU d'Amiens, Avenue René Laënnec, Amiens, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Marolleau
- 1] EA4666, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, UFR de Médecine, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France [2] Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, CHU d'Amiens, Avenue René Laënnec, Amiens, France
| | - Brigitte Gubler
- 1] EA4666, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, UFR de Médecine, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France [2] Laboratoire d'Oncobiologie Moléculaire, CHU d'Amiens, Avenue René Laënnec, Amiens, France
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95
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Humpert ML, Pinto D, Jarrossay D, Thelen M. CXCR7 influences the migration of B cells during maturation. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:694-705. [PMID: 24259140 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The atypical chemokine receptor CXCR7 binds the chemokines CXCL12 and CXCL11. The receptor is widely expressed and was shown to tune CXCR12-induced responses of CXCR4. Here, the function of CXCR7 was examined at late stages of human B-cell maturation, when B cells differentiate into Ab-secreting plasmablasts. We identified two populations of CXCR7(+) cells in tonsillar lymphocytes, one being presumably memory B cells or early plasmablasts (FSC(low) CD19(+) CD38(mid) ) and the other being plasmablasts or early plasma cells (FSC(high) CD19(+) CD38(+) ). CXCR7 is expressed on CD19(+) CD27(+) memory B cells, on CD19(+) CD38(+) CD138(-) and intracellular immunoglobulin high plasmablasts, but not on CD19(+) CD138(+) icIg(high) plasma cells. The differential expression pattern suggests a potential contribution of the scavenger receptor in final B-cell maturation. On in vitro differentiating B cells, we found a marked inverse correlation between CXCR7 and CXCR5 cell surface levels, whereas expression of CXCR4 remained almost constant. Migration assays performed with tonsillar mononuclear cells or in vitro differentiated cells revealed that inhibition of CXCR7 markedly increases chemotaxis toward CXCL12, especially at late stages of B-cell maturation. Chemotaxis was attenuated in the presence of CXCR4 antagonists, confirming that migration is CXCR4 mediated. Our findings unequivocally demonstrate a novel role for CXCR7 in regulating the migration of plasmablasts during B-cell maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luise Humpert
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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96
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Flow cytometry assessment of in vitro generated CD138+ human plasma cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:536482. [PMID: 24689045 PMCID: PMC3933014 DOI: 10.1155/2014/536482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro CD40-CD154 interaction promotes human B lymphocytes differentiation into plasma cells. Currently, CD138 is the hallmark marker enabling the detection of human plasma cells, both in vitro and in vivo; its presence can be monitored by flow cytometry using a specific antibody. We have developed a culture system allowing for the differentiation of memory B lymphocytes. In order to detect the newly formed plasma cells, we have compared their staining using five anti-CD138 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). As a reference, we also tested human cell lines, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and bone marrow samples. The five anti-CD138 mAbs stained RPMI-8226 cells (>98%) with variable stain index (SI). The highest SI was obtained with B-A38 mAb while the lowest SI was obtained with DL-101 and 1D4 mAbs. However, the anti-CD138 mAbs were not showing equivalent CD138+ cells frequencies within the generated plasma cells. B-A38, B-B4, and MI-15 were similar (15–25%) while DL-101 mAb stained a higher proportion of CD138-positive cells (38–42%). DL-101 and B-A38 mAbs stained similar populations in bone marrow samples but differed in their capacity to bind to CD138high and CD138lo cell lines. In conclusion, such cellular fluctuations suggest heterogeneity in human plasma cell populations and/or in CD138 molecules.
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97
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Jourdan M, Cren M, Robert N, Bolloré K, Fest T, Duperray C, Guilloton F, Hose D, Tarte K, Klein B. IL-6 supports the generation of human long-lived plasma cells in combination with either APRIL or stromal cell-soluble factors. Leukemia 2014; 28:1647-56. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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98
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Chesneau M, Pallier A, Braza F, Lacombe G, Le Gallou S, Baron D, Giral M, Danger R, Guerif P, Aubert-Wastiaux H, Néel A, Michel L, Laplaud DA, Degauque N, Soulillou JP, Tarte K, Brouard S. Unique B cell differentiation profile in tolerant kidney transplant patients. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:144-55. [PMID: 24354874 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Operationally tolerant patients (TOL) display a higher number of blood B cells and transcriptional B cell signature. As they rarely develop an allo-immune response, they could display an abnormal B cell differentiation. We used an in vitro culture system to explore T-dependent differentiation of B cells into plasma cells. B cell phenotype, apoptosis, proliferation, cytokine, immunoglobulin production and markers of differentiation were followed in blood of these patients. Tolerant recipients show a higher frequency of CD20(+) CD24(hi) CD38(hi) transitional and CD20(+) CD38(lo) CD24(lo) naïve B cells compared to patients with stable graft function, correlating with a decreased frequency of CD20(-) CD38(+) CD138(+) differentiated plasma cells, suggestive of abnormal B cell differentiation. B cells from TOL proliferate normally but produce more IL-10. In addition, B cells from tolerant recipients exhibit a defective expression of factors of the end step of differentiation into plasma cells and show a higher propensity for cell death apoptosis compared to patients with stable graft function. This in vitro profile is consistent with down-regulation of B cell differentiation genes and anti-apoptotic B cell genes in these patients in vivo. These data suggest that a balance between B cells producing IL-10 and a deficiency in plasma cells may encourage an environment favorable to the tolerance maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chesneau
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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99
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Hong SH, Braley-Mullen H. Follicular B cells in thyroids of mice with spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis contribute to disease pathogenesis and are targets of anti-CD20 antibody therapy. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 192:897-905. [PMID: 24376265 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
B cells are required for development of spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) in NOD.H-2h4 mice where they function as important APCs for activation of CD4(+) T cells. Depletion of B cells using anti-CD20 effectively inhibits SAT development. The goals of this study were to characterize the B cells that migrate to thyroids in SAT, and to determine whether anti-CD20 effectively targets those B cells in mice with established SAT. The results showed that most thyroid-infiltrating B cells in mice with SAT are follicular (FO) B cells. Expression of CD80, CD86, and CD40 was significantly increased on FO, but not marginal zone, splenic B cells after SAT development. Thyroid-infiltrating and peripheral blood B cells had lower expresion of CD20 and CD24 compared with splenic and lymph node FO B cells. Despite reduced CD20 expression, anti-CD20 depleted most B cells in thyroids of mice with established SAT within 3 d. B cell depletion in thyroids of mice given anti-CD20 was more complete and longer lasting than in spleen and lymph nodes and was comparable to that in blood. Circulation of B cells was required for effective and rapid removal of B cells in thyroids because preventing lymphocyte egress by administration of FTY720 abrogated the effects of anti-CD20 on thyroid B cells. Therefore, the FO subset of B cells preferentially contributes to SAT development and persistence, and anti-CD20 targeting of FO B cells effectively eliminates B cells in the target organ even though thyroid B cells have decreased CD20 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hee Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
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100
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Leung-Hagesteijn C, Erdmann N, Cheung G, Keats JJ, Stewart AK, Reece D, Chung KC, Tiedemann RE. Xbp1s-negative tumor B cells and pre-plasmablasts mediate therapeutic proteasome inhibitor resistance in multiple myeloma. Cancer Cell 2013; 24:289-304. [PMID: 24029229 PMCID: PMC4118579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitor (PI) resistance mechanisms in multiple myeloma (MM) remain controversial. We report the existence of a progenitor organization in primary MM that recapitulates maturation stages between B cells and plasma cells and that contributes to clinical PI resistance. Xbp1s(-) tumor B cells and pre-plasmablasts survive therapeutic PI, preventing cure, while maturation arrest of MM before the plasmablast stage enables progressive disease on PI treatment. Mechanistically, suppression of Xbp1s in MM is shown to induce bortezomib resistance via de-commitment to plasma cell maturation and immunoglobulin production, diminishing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) front-loading and cytotoxic susceptibility to PI-induced inhibition of ER-associated degradation. These results reveal the tumor progenitor structure in MM and highlight its role in therapeutic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Grace Cheung
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - A Keith Stewart
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Donna Reece
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Rodger E Tiedemann
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Contact Information: Dr. Rodger E. Tiedemann, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada, Tel: 416-581-8451, Fax: 416-946-6546,
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