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Kaur S, Sehgal A, Wu AC, Millard SM, Batoon L, Sandrock CJ, Ferrari-Cestari M, Levesque JP, Hume DA, Raggatt LJ, Pettit AR. Stable colony-stimulating factor 1 fusion protein treatment increases hematopoietic stem cell pool and enhances their mobilisation in mice. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:3. [PMID: 33402221 PMCID: PMC7786999 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00997-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prior chemotherapy and/or underlying morbidity commonly leads to poor mobilisation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) for transplantation in cancer patients. Increasing the number of available HSC prior to mobilisation is a potential strategy to overcome this deficiency. Resident bone marrow (BM) macrophages are essential for maintenance of niches that support HSC and enable engraftment in transplant recipients. Here we examined potential of donor treatment with modified recombinant colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) to influence the HSC niche and expand the HSC pool for autologous transplantation. Methods We administered an acute treatment regimen of CSF1 Fc fusion protein (CSF1-Fc, daily injection for 4 consecutive days) to naive C57Bl/6 mice. Treatment impacts on macrophage and HSC number, HSC function and overall hematopoiesis were assessed at both the predicted peak drug action and during post-treatment recovery. A serial treatment strategy using CSF1-Fc followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was used to interrogate HSC mobilisation impacts. Outcomes were assessed by in situ imaging and ex vivo standard and imaging flow cytometry with functional validation by colony formation and competitive transplantation assay. Results CSF1-Fc treatment caused a transient expansion of monocyte-macrophage cells within BM and spleen at the expense of BM B lymphopoiesis and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) homeostasis. During the recovery phase after cessation of CSF1-Fc treatment, normalisation of hematopoiesis was accompanied by an increase in the total available HSPC pool. Multiple approaches confirmed that CD48−CD150+ HSC do not express the CSF1 receptor, ruling out direct action of CSF1-Fc on these cells. In the spleen, increased HSC was associated with expression of the BM HSC niche macrophage marker CD169 in red pulp macrophages, suggesting elevated spleen engraftment with CD48−CD150+ HSC was secondary to CSF1-Fc macrophage impacts. Competitive transplant assays demonstrated that pre-treatment of donors with CSF1-Fc increased the number and reconstitution potential of HSPC in blood following a HSC mobilising regimen of G-CSF treatment. Conclusion These results indicate that CSF1-Fc conditioning could represent a therapeutic strategy to overcome poor HSC mobilisation and subsequently improve HSC transplantation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranpreet Kaur
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia
| | - Anuj Sehgal
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia
| | - Andy C Wu
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia
| | - Susan M Millard
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia
| | - Lena Batoon
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia
| | - Cheyenne J Sandrock
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia
| | - Michelle Ferrari-Cestari
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia
| | - Jean-Pierre Levesque
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia
| | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia
| | - Liza J Raggatt
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia
| | - Allison R Pettit
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia.
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Cheng X, DeGiorgio M. Flexible Mixture Model Approaches That Accommodate Footprint Size Variability for Robust Detection of Balancing Selection. Mol Biol Evol 2020; 37:3267-3291. [PMID: 32462188 PMCID: PMC7820363 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term balancing selection typically leaves narrow footprints of increased genetic diversity, and therefore most detection approaches only achieve optimal performances when sufficiently small genomic regions (i.e., windows) are examined. Such methods are sensitive to window sizes and suffer substantial losses in power when windows are large. Here, we employ mixture models to construct a set of five composite likelihood ratio test statistics, which we collectively term B statistics. These statistics are agnostic to window sizes and can operate on diverse forms of input data. Through simulations, we show that they exhibit comparable power to the best-performing current methods, and retain substantially high power regardless of window sizes. They also display considerable robustness to high mutation rates and uneven recombination landscapes, as well as an array of other common confounding scenarios. Moreover, we applied a specific version of the B statistics, termed B2, to a human population-genomic data set and recovered many top candidates from prior studies, including the then-uncharacterized STPG2 and CCDC169-SOHLH2, both of which are related to gamete functions. We further applied B2 on a bonobo population-genomic data set. In addition to the MHC-DQ genes, we uncovered several novel candidate genes, such as KLRD1, involved in viral defense, and SCN9A, associated with pain perception. Finally, we show that our methods can be extended to account for multiallelic balancing selection and integrated the set of statistics into open-source software named BalLeRMix for future applications by the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoheng Cheng
- Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Michael DeGiorgio
- Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL
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53
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Liu J, Li G, He Y, He G, Zhang P, Shen X, Zhang W, Chen S, Cui S, Tan Y. The Association Analysis of GPNMB rs156429 With Clinical Manifestations in Chinese Population With Parkinson's Disease. Front Genet 2020; 11:952. [PMID: 32983228 PMCID: PMC7492656 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixi He
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiying He
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingchen Zhang
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weishan Zhang
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengdi Chen
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shengdi Chen,
| | - Shishuang Cui
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shishuang Cui,
| | - Yuyan Tan
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Yuyan Tan,
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Gonda TA, Fang J, Salas M, Do C, Hsu E, Zhukovskaya A, Siegel A, Takahashi R, Lopez-Bujanda ZA, Drake CG, Manji GA, Wang TC, Olive KP, Tycko B. A DNA Hypomethylating Drug Alters the Tumor Microenvironment and Improves the Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4754-4767. [PMID: 32816859 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal cancer that has proven refractory to immunotherapy. Previously, treatment with the DNA hypomethylating drug decitabine (5-aza-dC; DAC) extended survival in the KPC-Brca1 mouse model of PDAC. Here we investigated the effects of DAC in the original KPC model and tested combination therapy with DAC followed by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Four protocols were tested: PBS vehicle, DAC, ICI (anti-PD-1 or anti-VISTA), and DAC followed by ICI. For each single-agent and combination treatment, tumor growth was measured by serial ultrasound, tumor-infiltrating lymphoid and myeloid cells were characterized, and overall survival was assessed. Single-agent DAC led to increased CD4+ and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), PD1 expression, and tumor necrosis while slowing tumor growth and modestly increasing mouse survival without systemic toxicity. RNA-sequencing of DAC-treated tumors revealed increased expression of Chi3l3 (Ym1), reflecting an increase in a subset of tumor-infiltrating M2-polarized macrophages. While ICI alone had modest effects, DAC followed by either of ICI therapies additively inhibited tumor growth and prolonged mouse survival. The best results were obtained using DAC followed by anti-PD-1, which extended mean survival from 26 to 54 days (P < 0.0001). In summary, low-dose DAC inhibits tumor growth and increases both TILs and a subset of tumor-infiltrating M2-polarized macrophages in the KPC model of PDAC, and DAC followed by anti-PD-1 substantially prolongs survival. Because M2-polarized macrophages are predicted to antagonize antitumor effects, targeting these cells may be important to enhance the efficacy of combination therapy with DAC plus ICI. SIGNIFICANCE: In a pancreatic cancer model, a DNA hypomethylating drug increases tumor-infiltrating effector T cells, increases a subset of M2 macrophages, and significantly prolongs survival in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors.See related commentary by Nephew, p. 4610.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas A Gonda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. .,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Jarwei Fang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Martha Salas
- Division of Genetics & Epigenetics, Hackensack-Meridian Health Center for Discovery and Innovation, Nutley, New Jersey
| | - Catherine Do
- Division of Genetics & Epigenetics, Hackensack-Meridian Health Center for Discovery and Innovation, Nutley, New Jersey
| | - Emily Hsu
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Anna Zhukovskaya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ariel Siegel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ryota Takahashi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Zoila A Lopez-Bujanda
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Charles G Drake
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Gulam A Manji
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth P Olive
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Benjamin Tycko
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York. .,John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey.,Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C
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Feng X, Zhang L, Ke S, Liu T, Hao L, Zhao P, Tu W, Cang S. High expression of GPNMB indicates an unfavorable prognosis in glioma: Combination of data from the GEO and CGGA databases and validation in tissue microarray. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2356-2368. [PMID: 32782553 PMCID: PMC7400985 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB), a transmembrane glycoprotein, has been reported to be involved in tumor progression, but its prognostic value for glioma and the mechanistic effects on glioma progression have not been clearly explored. The present study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of GPNMB in glioma and the potential mechanisms of how GPNMB mediates glioma progression. Differentially expressed genes between the four highest and four lowest GPNMB expression samples in the GSE53733 dataset were first determined. Gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis and Gene set enrichment analysis results demonstrated that the significantly enriched pathways in samples with high GPNMB expression compared with those with low GPNMB expression were associated with hypoxia, angiogenesis, migration and invasion. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the correlations between GPNMB expression and the markers of hypoxia, angiogenesis, migration and invasion in GSE53733, which were further validated using another mRNA microarray dataset from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). In addition, using the CGGA dataset, high GPNMB expression was demonstrated to be significantly associated with advanced WHO grade and short survival time in patients with glioma. Of note, based on the immunohistochemical staining of the tissue microarrays, Kaplan-Meier analysis with the Renyi test and a Cox proportional hazards model were used to validate the unfavorable prognostic role of high GPNMB expression in glioma. In conclusion, high GPNMB expression may be associated with high tumor grade and unfavorable prognosis in glioma. GPNMB expression was demonstrated to correlate with the markers of hypoxia, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, which may be potential mechanisms through which GPNMB mediates glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Feng
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Shanbao Ke
- Department of Radiotherapy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Liuwei Hao
- Department of Physical Examination and Health Management, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Pan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhi Tu
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Shundong Cang
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
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56
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Lin J, Zhang P, Huang Y, Wei X, Guo D, Liu J, Liu D, Deng Y, Xu B, Huang C, Yang X, Lu Y, Jia L, Zhang H. Elevated circulating Gpnmb levels are associated with hyperthyroidism. Endocr Connect 2020; 9:783-792. [PMID: 32688342 PMCID: PMC7487193 DOI: 10.1530/ec-20-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycoprotein non-metastatic protein B (Gpnmb) has been identified as a new cytokine secreted by hepatocyte that plays an important role in balancing lipid homeostasis and development of obesity and metabolic disorders. However, information is not available regarding the association between circulating Gpnmb and hyperthyroid in humans. METHODS We measured serum Gpnmb in 180 hyperthyroid patients and 82 healthy subjects that were recruited from the clinic. Of them, 46 hyperthyroid patients received thionamide treatment for 3 months. RESULTS Hyperthyroid subjects had higher levels of circulating Gpnmb than healthy controls (47.8 ± 10.1 ng/mL vs 31.0 ± 4.9 ng/mL, P < 0.001). Subjects with higher levels of serum free triiodothyronine (T3) and free thyroxine (T4) had higher levels of circulating Gpnmb. After thionamide treatment, levels of circulating Gpnmb in hyperthyroid subjects remarkably declined with significant improvement of thyroid function (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the change of circulating Gpnmb levels was significantly associated with basal metabolic rate (BMR) and thyroid hormones, including free T3 and free T4, adjusting for age, gender, smoking and BMI before thionamide treatment. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, circulating Gpnmb was significantly associated with risks of hyperthyroidism (OR (95% CI): 1.44 (1.20-1.74), P < 0.001), adjusted for age, gender, BMI, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, LDL-cholesterol, ALT and AST. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that circulating Gpnmb concentrations are independently associated with hyperthyroid, suggesting that circulating Gpnmb may be a predictor of risk for hyperthyroidism and can be used for therapeutic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peizhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyun Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajuan Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingyan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chensihan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijing Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to L Jia or H Zhang: or
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to L Jia or H Zhang: or
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The soluble glycoprotein NMB (GPNMB) produced by macrophages induces cancer stemness and metastasis via CD44 and IL-33. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:711-722. [PMID: 32728200 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0501-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer, myeloid cells have tumor-supporting roles. We reported that the protein GPNMB (glycoprotein nonmetastatic B) was profoundly upregulated in macrophages interacting with tumor cells. Here, using mouse tumor models, we show that macrophage-derived soluble GPNMB increases tumor growth and metastasis in Gpnmb-mutant mice (DBA/2J). GPNMB triggers in the cancer cells the formation of self-renewing spheroids, which are characterized by the expression of cancer stem cell markers, prolonged cell survival and increased tumor-forming ability. Through the CD44 receptor, GPNMB mechanistically activates tumor cells to express the cytokine IL-33 and its receptor IL-1R1L. We also determined that recombinant IL-33 binding to IL-1R1L is sufficient to induce tumor spheroid formation with features of cancer stem cells. Overall, our results reveal a new paracrine axis, GPNMB and IL-33, which is activated during the cross talk of macrophages with tumor cells and eventually promotes cancer cell survival, the expansion of cancer stem cells and the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype.
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58
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Fernández-Vega Cueto A, Álvarez L, García M, Artime E, Álvarez Barrios A, Rodríguez-Uña I, Coca-Prados M, González-Iglesias H. Systemic Alterations of Immune Response-Related Proteins during Glaucoma Development in the Murine Model DBA/2J. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E425. [PMID: 32585848 PMCID: PMC7345206 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10060425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models of glaucoma, a neurodegenerative disease affecting the retina, offer the opportunity to study candidate molecular biomarkers throughout the disease. In this work, the DBA/2J glaucomatous mouse has been used to study the systemic levels of several proteins previously identified as potential biomarkers of glaucoma, along the pre- to post-glaucomatous transition. Serum samples obtained from glaucomatous and control mice at 4, 10, and 14 months, were classified into different experimental groups according to the optic nerve damage at 14 months old. Quantifications of ten serum proteins were carried out by enzyme immunoassays. Changes in the levels of some of these proteins in the transition to glaucomatous stages were identified, highlighting the significative decrease in the concentration of complement C4a protein. Moreover, the five-protein panel consisting of complement C4a, complement factor H, ficolin-3, apolipoprotein A4, and transthyretin predicted the transition to glaucoma in 78% of cases, and to the advanced disease in 89%. Our data, although still preliminary, suggest that disease development in DBA/2J mice is associated with important molecular changes in immune response and complement system proteins and demonstrate the utility of this model in identifying, at systemic level, potential markers for the diagnosis of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Fernández-Vega Cueto
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Avenida Doctores Fernández-Vega, 34, 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (A.F.-V.C.); (M.G.); (I.R.-U.)
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (E.A.); (A.Á.B.); (M.C.-P.)
| | - Lydia Álvarez
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (E.A.); (A.Á.B.); (M.C.-P.)
| | - Montserrat García
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Avenida Doctores Fernández-Vega, 34, 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (A.F.-V.C.); (M.G.); (I.R.-U.)
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (E.A.); (A.Á.B.); (M.C.-P.)
| | - Enol Artime
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (E.A.); (A.Á.B.); (M.C.-P.)
| | - Ana Álvarez Barrios
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (E.A.); (A.Á.B.); (M.C.-P.)
| | - Ignacio Rodríguez-Uña
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Avenida Doctores Fernández-Vega, 34, 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (A.F.-V.C.); (M.G.); (I.R.-U.)
| | - Miguel Coca-Prados
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (E.A.); (A.Á.B.); (M.C.-P.)
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Héctor González-Iglesias
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Avenida Doctores Fernández-Vega, 34, 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (A.F.-V.C.); (M.G.); (I.R.-U.)
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain; (E.A.); (A.Á.B.); (M.C.-P.)
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Domingo-Gonzalez R, Zanini F, Che X, Liu M, Jones RC, Swift MA, Quake SR, Cornfield DN, Alvira CM. Diverse homeostatic and immunomodulatory roles of immune cells in the developing mouse lung at single cell resolution. eLife 2020; 9:e56890. [PMID: 32484158 PMCID: PMC7358008 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
At birth, the lungs rapidly transition from a pathogen-free, hypoxic environment to a pathogen-rich, rhythmically distended air-liquid interface. Although many studies have focused on the adult lung, the perinatal lung remains unexplored. Here, we present an atlas of the murine lung immune compartment during early postnatal development. We show that the late embryonic lung is dominated by specialized proliferative macrophages with a surprising physical interaction with the developing vasculature. These macrophages disappear after birth and are replaced by a dynamic mixture of macrophage subtypes, dendritic cells, granulocytes, and lymphocytes. Detailed characterization of macrophage diversity revealed an orchestration of distinct subpopulations across postnatal development to fill context-specific functions in tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, and immunity. These data both broaden the putative roles for immune cells in the developing lung and provide a framework for understanding how external insults alter immune cell phenotype during a period of rapid lung growth and heightened vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racquel Domingo-Gonzalez
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Fabio Zanini
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Xibing Che
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Min Liu
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Robert C Jones
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Michael A Swift
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - David N Cornfield
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary, Asthma and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
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Interrogation of the Microenvironmental Landscape in Brain Tumors Reveals Disease-Specific Alterations of Immune Cells. Cell 2020; 181:1643-1660.e17. [PMID: 32470396 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 499] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain malignancies encompass a range of primary and metastatic cancers, including low-grade and high-grade gliomas and brain metastases (BrMs) originating from diverse extracranial tumors. Our understanding of the brain tumor microenvironment (TME) remains limited, and it is unknown whether it is sculpted differentially by primary versus metastatic disease. We therefore comprehensively analyzed the brain TME landscape via flow cytometry, RNA sequencing, protein arrays, culture assays, and spatial tissue characterization. This revealed disease-specific enrichment of immune cells with pronounced differences in proportional abundance of tissue-resident microglia, infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells. These integrated analyses also uncovered multifaceted immune cell activation within brain malignancies entailing converging transcriptional trajectories while maintaining disease- and cell-type-specific programs. Given the interest in developing TME-targeted therapies for brain malignancies, this comprehensive resource of the immune landscape offers insights into possible strategies to overcome tumor-supporting TME properties and instead harness the TME to fight cancer.
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61
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Tsou PS, Sawalha AH. Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B: A key mediator and an emerging therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases. FASEB J 2020; 34:8810-8823. [PMID: 32445534 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB, also known as osteoactivin) is highly expressed in many cell types and regulates the homeostasis in various tissues. In different physiological contexts, it functions as a melanosome-associated protein, membrane-bound surface receptor, soluble ligand, or adhesion molecule. Therefore, GPNMB is involved in cell differentiation, migration, inflammation, metabolism, and neuroprotection. Because of its various involvement in different physiological conditions, GPNMB has been implicated in many diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and more recently immune-mediated diseases. This review summarizes the regulation and function of GPNMB in normal physiology, and discusses the involvement of GPNMB in disease conditions with a particular focus on its potential role and therapeutic implications in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Suen Tsou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amr H Sawalha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Lupus Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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62
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Budge KM, Neal ML, Richardson JR, Safadi FF. Transgenic Overexpression of GPNMB Protects Against MPTP-Induced Neurodegeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2920-2933. [PMID: 32436108 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease highlighted by a marked loss of dopaminergic cell loss and motor disturbances. Currently, there are no drugs that slow the progression of the disease. A myriad of factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of PD including neuroinflammation. Although anti-inflammatory agents are being evaluated as potential disease-modifying therapies for PD, none has proven effective to date, suggesting that new and novel targets are needed. Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that has recently been shown to reduce inflammation in astrocytes and to be increased in post-mortem PD brain samples. Here we show that transgenic overexpression of GPNMB protects against dopaminergic neurodegeneration in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, GPNMB overexpression reduces gliosis and prevented microglial morphological changes following MPTP treatment compared with wild-type MPTP-treated mice. Additionally, recombinant GPNMB attenuates LPS-induced inflammation in primary mouse microglia. These results suggest a neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory role for GPNMB and warrant further investigation for GPNMB as a novel therapy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Budge
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Matthew L Neal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA. .,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Fayez F Safadi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA. .,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA. .,Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA.
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63
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Rose M, Duhamel M, Aboulouard S, Kobeissy F, Le Rhun E, Desmons A, Tierny D, Fournier I, Rodet F, Salzet M. The Role of a Proprotein Convertase Inhibitor in Reactivation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Inhibition of Glioma Growth. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 17:31-46. [PMID: 32300641 PMCID: PMC7152595 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumors are characterized by the presence of malignant and non-malignant cells, such as immune cells including macrophages, which are preponderant. Macrophages impact the efficacy of chemotherapy and may lead to drug resistance. In this context and based on our previous work, we investigated the ability to reactivate macrophages by using a proprotein convertases inhibitor. Proprotein convertases process immature proteins into functional proteins, with several of them having a role in immune cell activation and tumorigenesis. Macrophages were treated with a peptidomimetic inhibitor targeting furin, PC1/3, PC4, PACE4, and PC5/6. Their anti-glioma activity was analyzed by mass spectrometry-based proteomics and viability assays in 2D and 3D in vitro cultures. Comparison with temozolomide, the drug used for glioma therapy, established that the inhibitor was more efficient for the reduction of cancer cell density. The inhibitor was also able to reactivate macrophages through the secretion of several immune factors with antitumor properties. Moreover, two proteins considered as good glioma patient survival indicators were also identified in 3D cultures treated with the inhibitor. Finally, we established that the proprotein convertases inhibitor has a dual role as an anti-glioma drug and anti-tumoral macrophage reactivation drug. This strategy could be used together with chemotherapy to increase therapy efficacy in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Rose
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.,Oncovet Clinical Research (OCR), SIRIC ONCOLille, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Marie Duhamel
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Soulaimane Aboulouard
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Emilie Le Rhun
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Annie Desmons
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Dominique Tierny
- Oncovet Clinical Research (OCR), SIRIC ONCOLille, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Isabelle Fournier
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Franck Rodet
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Michel Salzet
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
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Biswas KB, Takahashi A, Mizutani Y, Takayama S, Ishitsuka A, Yang L, Yang F, Iddamalgoda A, Katayama I, Inoue S. GPNMB is expressed in human epidermal keratinocytes but disappears in the vitiligo lesional skin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4930. [PMID: 32188902 PMCID: PMC7080742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61931-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
GPNMB is involved in multiple cellular functions including cell adhesion, stress protection and stem cell maintenance. In skin, melanocyte-GPNMB is suggested to mediate pigmentation through melanosome formation, but details of keratinocyte-GPNMB have yet to be well understood. We confirmed the expression of GPNMB in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) by reducing the expression using siRNA. A higher calcium concentration of over 1.25 mM decreased the GPNMB expression. Histological staining showed that GPNMB was expressed in the basal layer of normal skins but completely absent in vitiligo skins. The normal expression of GPNMB in nevus depigmentosus skin suggested that lack of GPNMB is characteristic of vitiligo lesional skins. IFN-γ and IL-17A, two cytokines with possible causal roles in vitiligo development, inhibited GPNMB expression in vitro. Approximately 4–8% of the total GPNMB expressed on NHEKs were released possibly by ADAM 10 as a soluble form, but the process of release was not affected by the cytokines. The suppressive effect of IFN-γ on GPNMB was partially via IFN-γ/JAK2/STAT1 signaling axis. Decreased GPNMB expression in keratinocytes may affect melanocyte maintenance or survival against oxidative stress although further studies are needed. These findings indicate a new target for vitiligo treatment, focusing on the novel role of IFN-γ and IL-17 in downregulating keratinocyte-GPNMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazal Boron Biswas
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Research and Development, Ichimaru Pharcos Co. Ltd., Motosu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Aya Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukiko Mizutani
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Satoru Takayama
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Research and Development, Ichimaru Pharcos Co. Ltd., Motosu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Asako Ishitsuka
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Lingli Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Arunasiri Iddamalgoda
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Research and Development, Ichimaru Pharcos Co. Ltd., Motosu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ichiro Katayama
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Inoue
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.
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65
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Fisch U, Brégère C, Geier F, Chicha L, Guzman R. Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rat elicits a region-specific neurotrophic response in SVZ microglia. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:26. [PMID: 31954397 PMCID: PMC6969423 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-1706-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent findings describe microglia as modulators of neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ). SVZ microglia in the adult rat are thought to adopt a neurotrophic phenotype after ischemic stroke. Early postnatal microglia are endogenously activated and may therefore exhibit an increased sensitivity to neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI). The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of cortico-striatal HI on the microglial phenotype, function, and gene expression in the early postnatal SVZ. METHODS Postnatal day (P)7 rats underwent sham or right-hemispheric HI surgery. Microglia in the SVZ, the uninjured cortex, and corpus callosum were immunohistochemically analyzed at P10, P20, and P40. The transcriptome of microdissected SVZ and cortical microglia was analyzed at P10 and P20, and the effect of P10 SVZ microglia on neurosphere generation in vitro was studied. RESULTS The microglial response to HI was region-specific. In the SVZ, a microglial accumulation, prolonged activation and phagocytosis was noted that was not observed in the cortex and corpus callosum. The transcriptome of SVZ microglia and cortical microglia were distinct, and after HI, SVZ microglia concurrently upregulated pro- and anti-inflammatory as well as neurotrophic genes. In vitro, microglia isolated from the SVZ supported neurosphere generation in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Microglia are an inherent cellular component of the early postnatal SVZ and undergo developmental changes that are affected on many aspects by neonatal HI injury. Our results demonstrate that early postnatal SVZ microglia are sensitive to HI injury and display a long-lasting region-specific response including neurotrophic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Fisch
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Brain ischemia and regeneration, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Catherine Brégère
- Brain ischemia and regeneration, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Geier
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department of Biomedicine, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurie Chicha
- Brain ischemia and regeneration, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Guzman
- Brain ischemia and regeneration, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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66
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Michalinos A, Tsaroucha AK, Lambropoulou M, Schizas D, Valsami G, Kostomitsopoulos N, Pitiakoudis MS, Simopoulos CE. Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma B expression after hepatic ischemia reperfusion and the effect of silibinin. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 5:7. [PMID: 32190775 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2019.11.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma B (GPNMB) is a transmembrane glycoprotein with various roles in inflammation regulation, tissue remodeling and oncogenesis. Clinical situations implicating alterations in its expression include ischemic injury, cirrhosis and fatty liver disease amongst other. We examine its expression in hepatic and renal tissue following hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in a rat model, with and without intravenous silibinin administration, as a silibinin-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin lyophilized complex (SLB-HP-β-CD). Methods Sixty-three Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: sham group (virtual intervention; 7 animals), control (C) group (45 min of ischemia, followed by reperfusion and euthanasia at 60, 120, 180 and 240 min; 28 animals equally divided), and silibinin (Si) group (45 min of ischemia, intravenous administration of SLB-HP-β-CD, reperfusion and euthanasia at the same time points; 28 animals equally divided). GPNMB expression was examined in liver and kidney tissue. Results GPNMB expression was significantly increased following hepatic I/R in the control group, in kidney tissue, in a time dependent manner. In the silibinin group, GPNMB expression significantly decreased with time compared to the control group in both liver and kidney tissue (P<0.05). Conclusions Hepatic I/R causes increase of GPNMB levels both in liver and kidney tissues, which may reflect tissue injury. Silibinin seems to act protectively on both liver and kidney, and can be potentially used as a therapeutic approach against hepatic I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adamantios Michalinos
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Alexandra K Tsaroucha
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.,2nd Department of Surgery and Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.,First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Michael S Pitiakoudis
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.,2nd Department of Surgery and Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Constantinos E Simopoulos
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.,2nd Department of Surgery and Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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García-Revilla J, Alonso-Bellido IM, Burguillos MA, Herrera AJ, Espinosa-Oliva AM, Ruiz R, Cruz-Hernández L, García-Domínguez I, Roca-Ceballos MA, Santiago M, Rodríguez-Gómez JA, Soto MS, de Pablos RM, Venero JL. Reformulating Pro-Oxidant Microglia in Neurodegeneration. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101719. [PMID: 31627485 PMCID: PMC6832973 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In neurodegenerative diseases, microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are central events. Recent genome-wide transcriptomic analyses of microglial cells under different disease conditions have uncovered a new subpopulation named disease-associated microglia (DAM). These studies have challenged the classical view of the microglia polarization state’s proinflammatory M1 (classical activation) and immunosuppressive M2 (alternative activation). Molecular signatures of DAM and proinflammatory microglia (highly pro-oxidant) have shown clear differences, yet a partial overlapping gene profile is evident between both phenotypes. The switch activation of homeostatic microglia into reactive microglia relies on the selective activation of key surface receptors involved in the maintenance of brain homeostasis (a.k.a. pattern recognition receptors, PRRs). Two relevant PRRs are toll-like receptors (TLRs) and triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2), whose selective activation is believed to generate either a proinflammatory or a DAM phenotype, respectively. However, the recent identification of endogenous disease-related ligands, which bind to and activate both TLRs and TREM2, anticipates the existence of rather complex microglia responses. Examples of potential endogenous dual ligands include amyloid β, galectin-3, and apolipoprotein E. These pleiotropic ligands induce a microglia polarization that is more complicated than initially expected, suggesting the possibility that different microglia subtypes may coexist. This review highlights the main microglia polarization states under disease conditions and their leading role orchestrating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan García-Revilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Isabel M Alonso-Bellido
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Burguillos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Herrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Ana M Espinosa-Oliva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Rocío Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Luis Cruz-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Irene García-Domínguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - María A Roca-Ceballos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Marti Santiago
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - José A Rodríguez-Gómez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Departament of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Manuel Sarmiento Soto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Rocío M de Pablos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - José L Venero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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Ren F, Zhao Q, Liu B, Sun X, Tang Y, Huang H, Mei L, Yu Y, Mo H, Dong H, Zheng P, Mi Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals GPNMB as a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2738-2752. [PMID: 31498430 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer has the fifth highest incidence of disease and is the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in the world. The etiology of gastric cancer is complex and needs to be fully elucidated. Thus, it is necessary to explore potential pathogenic genes and pathways that contribute to gastric cancer. Gene expression profiles of the GSE33335 and GSE54129 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were compared and identified using R software. The DEGs were then subjected to gene set enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses. Survival analyses based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database were used to further screen the essential DEGs. A knockdown assay was performed to determine the function of the candidate gene in gastric cancer. Finally, the association between the candidate gene and immune-related genes was investigated. We found that GPNMB serves as an essential gene, with a high expression level, and predicts a worse outcome of gastric cancer. Knockdown of GPNMB inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration. In addition, GPNMB may augment the immunosuppressive ability of gastric cancer by recruiting immunosuppressive cells and promoting immune cell exhaustion through PI3K/AKT/CCL4 signaling axis. Collectively, these data suggest that GPNMB acts as an important positive mediator of tumor progression in gastric cancer, and GPNMB could exert multimodality modulation of gastric cancer-mediated immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Ren
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qitai Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangdong Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Youcai Tang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Sciences and Education and Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lu Mei
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Mo
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haibin Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Pengyuan Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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69
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McGettigan B, McMahan R, Orlicky D, Burchill M, Danhorn T, Francis P, Cheng LL, Golden-Mason L, Jakubzick CV, Rosen HR. Dietary Lipids Differentially Shape Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Progression and the Transcriptome of Kupffer Cells and Infiltrating Macrophages. Hepatology 2019; 70:67-83. [PMID: 30516830 PMCID: PMC6923128 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A crucial component of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis is lipid stress, which may contribute to hepatic inflammation and activation of innate immunity in the liver. However, little is known regarding how dietary lipids, including fat and cholesterol, may facilitate innate immune activation in vivo. We hypothesized that dietary fat and cholesterol drive NAFLD progression to steatohepatitis and hepatic fibrosis by altering the transcription and phenotype of hepatic macrophages. This hypothesis was tested by using RNA-sequencing methods to characterize and analyze sort-purified hepatic macrophage populations that were isolated from mice fed diets with varying amounts of fat and cholesterol. The addition of cholesterol to a high-fat diet triggered hepatic pathology reminiscent of advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in humans characterized by signs of cholesterol dysregulation, generation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein, increased recruitment of hepatic macrophages, and significant fibrosis. RNA-sequencing analyses of hepatic macrophages in this model revealed that dietary cholesterol induced a tissue repair and regeneration phenotype in Kupffer cells (KCs) and recruited infiltrating macrophages to a greater degree than fat. Furthermore, comparison of diseased KCs and infiltrating macrophages revealed that these two macrophage subsets are transcriptionally diverse. Finally, direct stimulation of murine and human macrophages with oxidized low-density lipoprotein recapitulated some of the transcriptional changes observed in the RNA-sequencing study. These findings indicate that fat and cholesterol synergize to alter macrophage phenotype, and they also challenge the dogma that KCs are purely proinflammatory in NASH. Conclusion: This comprehensive view of macrophage populations in NASH indicates mechanisms by which cholesterol contributes to NASH progression and identifies potential therapeutic targets for this common disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett McGettigan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology,Department of Immunology
| | - Rachel McMahan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
| | | | - Matthew Burchill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
| | - Thomas Danhorn
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | | | - Lin Ling Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
| | - Lucy Golden-Mason
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology,Department of Immunology,Department of Medicine, University of Southern California,USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Hugo R. Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology,Department of Immunology,Department of Medicine, University of Southern California,USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, Los Angeles, CA
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70
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Satoh JI, Kino Y, Yanaizu M, Ishida T, Saito Y. Microglia express GPNMB in the brains of Alzheimer's disease and Nasu-Hakola disease. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2019; 8:120-128. [PMID: 31218162 PMCID: PMC6557242 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2019.01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein first identified in low-metastatic human melanoma cell lines as a regulator of tumor growth. GPNMB is widely expressed in various tissues, where it is involved in cell differentiation, migration, inflammation/anti-inflammation, tissue regeneration, and neuroprotection. GPNMB is identified in microglia of adult rat brains, neurons and astrocytes of GPNMB transgenic (Tg) mouse brains, and motor neurons of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by progressive presenile dementia and formation of multifocal bone cysts, caused by genetic mutations of either TYROBP (DAP12) or TREM2. TREM2 and DAP12 constitute a receptor/adaptor signaling complex expressed exclusively on osteoclasts, dendritic cells, macrophages, and microglia. Pathologically, the brains of NHD patients exhibit leukoencephalopathy, astrogliosis, accumulation of axonal spheroids, and remarkable activation of microglia predominantly in the white matter of frontal and temporal lobes and the basal ganglia. At present, molecular mechanisms responsible for development of leukoencephaolpathy in NHD brains remain totally unknown. Recent evidence indicates that disease-associated microglia (DAM) that cluster around amyloid plaques express high levels of GPNMB in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. Because microglia act as a key regulator of leukoencephalopathy in NHD brains, it is proposed that GPNMB expressed on microglia might play a protective role in progression of leukoencephalopathy possibly via active phagocytosis of myelin debris. In the present study using immunohistochemistry, we have attempted to clarify the expression of GPNMB in NHD brains, compared with AD brains. We found that microglia accumulating in the white matter express an intense GPNMB immunoreactivity in both NHD and AD brains, suggesting that the accumulation of GPNMB-immunoreactive microglia is a general phenomenon in neurodegenerative brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Satoh
- Department of Bioinformatics and Molecular Neuropathology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Address correspondence to:Dr. Jun-ichi Satoh, Department of Bioinformatics and Molecular Neuropathology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan. E-mail:
| | - Yoshihiro Kino
- Department of Bioinformatics and Molecular Neuropathology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoaki Yanaizu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Molecular Neuropathology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ishida
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, NCGM, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuko Saito
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Center Hospital, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan
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71
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Zhang Q, Hao J, Li G. Deletion of Prl7d1 causes placental defects at mid-pregnancy in mice. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:696-713. [PMID: 31012985 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Prolactin family 7, subfamily d, member 1 (Prl7d1), a member of the expanding prolactin family, is mainly expressed in the placental junctional zone (including trophoblast giant cells and spongiotrophoblast cells) with peak expression observed at 12 days postcoitum (dpc) in mice. Previous studies have shown that PRL7D1 is a key mediator of angiogenesis in vitro; however, its physiological roles in placental development in vivo have not been characterized. To address this issue, we deleted Prl7d1 in mice and demonstrated that its absence results in reduced litter size and fertility. Histologically, Prl7d1 mutants exhibited striking placental abnormalities at 12.5 dpc, including a reduction in the proportion of labyrinth layers and a significant increase in decidual natural killer cells, glycogen trophoblasts, and trophoblast giant cells in the junctional zone. Moreover, placentas from Prl7d1-null mice displayed a thickened decidual spiral artery. Notably, these negative effects were more pronounced in male fetuses. Further RNA-sequencing analysis showed that Prl7d1 deletion results in significant differences in the placental transcriptome profile between the two sexes of fetuses. Together, this study demonstrates that Prl7d1 possesses antiangiogenic properties in deciduas and inhibits the development of junctional zone, which potentially alters the functional capacity of the placenta to support optimal fetal growth. Moreover, of note, the role of Prl7d1 in the placenta is regulated in a fetal sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Hao
- Experimental Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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72
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Pergande MR, Cougnoux A, Rathnayake RAC, Porter FD, Cologna SM. Differential Proteomics Reveals miR-155 as a Novel Indicator of Liver and Spleen Pathology in the Symptomatic Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C1 Mouse Model. Molecules 2019; 24:E994. [PMID: 30870990 PMCID: PMC6429457 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1) is a rare, autosomal recessive, lipid storage disorder caused by mutations in NPC1. As a result, there is accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and sphingolipids in the late endosomal/lysosomal system. Clinically, patients can present with splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. In the current study, we analyzed the differential proteome of the spleen in symptomatic Npc1-/- mice to complement previous studies focused on the differential proteome of the liver, and then evaluated biomolecules that may serve as tissue biomarkers. The proteomic analysis revealed altered pathways in NPC1 representing different functional categories including heme synthesis, cellular regulation and phosphoinositide metabolism in both tissues. Differential proteins included several activators of the ubiquitous and critical protein, Akt, a major kinase involved in multiple cellular processes. Evaluation of Akt revealed decreased expression in both the liver and spleen tissues of symptomatic Npc1-/- mice. Upstream regulation analysis also suggested that miR-155 may modulate the differences of known downstream protein targets observed in our dataset. Upon evaluation of miR-155, we observed an increased expression in the liver and decreased expression in the spleen of symptomatic Npc1-/- mice. Here, we propose that miR-155 may be a novel indicator of spleen and liver pathology in NPC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R Pergande
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Antony Cougnoux
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20879, USA.
| | | | - Forbes D Porter
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20879, USA.
| | - Stephanie M Cologna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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73
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van der Lienden MJC, Gaspar P, Boot R, Aerts JMFG, van Eijk M. Glycoprotein Non-Metastatic Protein B: An Emerging Biomarker for Lysosomal Dysfunction in Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:E66. [PMID: 30586924 PMCID: PMC6337583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several diseases are caused by inherited defects in lysosomes, the so-called lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). In some of these LSDs, tissue macrophages transform into prominent storage cells, as is the case in Gaucher disease. Here, macrophages become the characteristic Gaucher cells filled with lysosomes laden with glucosylceramide, because of their impaired enzymatic degradation. Biomarkers of Gaucher cells were actively searched, particularly after the development of costly therapies based on enzyme supplementation and substrate reduction. Proteins selectively expressed by storage macrophages and secreted into the circulation were identified, among which glycoprotein non-metastatic protein B (GPNMB). This review focusses on the emerging potential of GPNMB as a biomarker of stressed macrophages in LSDs as well as in acquired pathologies accompanied by an excessive lysosomal substrate load in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulo Gaspar
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Rolf Boot
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Johannes M F G Aerts
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Marco van Eijk
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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74
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Moloney EB, Moskites A, Ferrari EJ, Isacson O, Hallett PJ. The glycoprotein GPNMB is selectively elevated in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patients and increases after lysosomal stress. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 120:1-11. [PMID: 30149180 PMCID: PMC6748034 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
GPNMB is a glycoprotein observed upon tissue damage and inflammation and is associated with astrocytes, microglia, and macrophages. Gene variations in GPNMB are linked with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk, and changes in protein levels of GPNMB have been found in lysosomal storage disorders, including Gaucher's disease with glucocerebrosidase (GCase) deficiency. In the current study, GPNMB increases were seen in the substantia nigra (SN) of PD patients compared to age-matched controls. Such PD patients have a decrease in GCase activity and corresponding elevation of glycosphingolipids in the SN (Rocha et al., 2015a). Interestingly, transgenic mice modelling synucleinopathy did not show GPNMB elevations or altered GCase activity levels compared to wild-type mice. However, upon CBE-induced GCase lysosomal dysfunction with elevated glycosphingolipids in wild-type mice, there were similar changes in GPNMB levels in the brain as seen in PD patient brains. These results indicate that GPNMB levels do not depend on alpha-synuclein load per se but relate directly to the lipidopathy changes induced by CBE-mediated GCase inhibition. The experimental modelling of elevating glycolipids resulted in GPNMB elevations with glial activation in several brain regions in mice. This is the first demonstration of region-specific elevations of GPNMB protein in Parkinson's disease. The presence of GPNMB in PD patient substantia nigra, the induction of GPNMB after experimental glycosphingolipid increases, but not with pure alpha-synucleinopathy, point towards the potential for primary lipid-induced degeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Moloney
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont 02478, USA
| | - Alyssa Moskites
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont 02478, USA
| | - Eliza J Ferrari
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont 02478, USA
| | - Ole Isacson
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont 02478, USA.
| | - Penelope J Hallett
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont 02478, USA.
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75
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Hüttenrauch M, Ogorek I, Klafki H, Otto M, Stadelmann C, Weggen S, Wiltfang J, Wirths O. Glycoprotein NMB: a novel Alzheimer's disease associated marker expressed in a subset of activated microglia. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2018; 6:108. [PMID: 30340518 PMCID: PMC6194687 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-018-0612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible, devastating neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the loss of neurons and subsequent cognitive decline. Despite considerable progress in the understanding of the pathophysiology of AD, the precise molecular mechanisms that cause the disease remain elusive. By now, there is ample evidence that activated microglia have a critical role in the initiation and progression of AD. The present study describes the identification of Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) as a novel AD-related factor in both transgenic mice and sporadic AD patients by expression profiling, immunohistochemistry and ELISA measurements. We show that GPNMB levels increase in an age-dependent manner in transgenic AD models showing profound cerebral neuron loss and demonstrate that GPNMB co-localizes with a distinct population of IBA1-positive microglia cells that cluster around amyloid plaques. Our data further indicate that GPNMB is part of a microglia activation state that is only present under neurodegenerative conditions and that is characterized by the up-regulation of a subset of genes including TREM2, APOE and CST7. In agreement, we provide in vitro evidence that soluble Aβ has a direct effect on GPNMB expression in an immortalized microglia cell line. Importantly, we show for the first time that GPNMB is elevated in brain samples and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of sporadic AD patients when compared to non-demented controls. The current findings indicate that GPNMB represents a novel disease-associated marker that appears to play a role in the neuroinflammatory response of AD.
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Silva WN, Prazeres PHDM, Paiva AE, Lousado L, Turquetti AOM, Barreto RSN, de Alvarenga EC, Miglino MA, Gonçalves R, Mintz A, Birbrair A. Macrophage-derived GPNMB accelerates skin healing. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:630-635. [PMID: 29505115 PMCID: PMC6013359 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Healing is a vital response important for the re-establishment of the skin integrity following injury. Delayed or aberrant dermal wound healing leads to morbidity in patients. The development of therapies to improve dermal healing would be useful. Currently, the design of efficient treatments is stalled by the lack of detailed knowledge about the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in wound healing. Recently, using state-of-the-art technologies, it was revealed that macrophages signal via GPNMB to mesenchymal stem cells, accelerating skin healing. Strikingly, transplantation of macrophages expressing GPNMB improves skin healing in GPNMB-mutant mice. Additionally, topical treatment with recombinant GPNMB restored mesenchymal stem cells recruitment and accelerated wound closure in the diabetic skin. From a drug development perspective, this GPNMB is a new candidate for skin healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walison N. Silva
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ana E. Paiva
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiza Lousado
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Anaelise O. M. Turquetti
- Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals Program, Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S. N. Barreto
- Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals Program, Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Erika Costa de Alvarenga
- Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of São João del Rei, São João Del Rey, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria A. Miglino
- Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals Program, Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Gonçalves
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals Program, Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Grempler R, Wolff M, Simon E, Schmid R, Eisele C, Rieber K, Fischer E, Mettel S, Gabrielyan O, Delic D, Luippold G, Redeman N. Discovery and translation of a target engagement marker for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197849. [PMID: 29799853 PMCID: PMC5969744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an attractive approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. AMPK activation reduces glucose levels in animal models of type 2 diabetes by increasing glucose uptake in skeletal muscles and reducing hepatic glucose production. Furthermore, AMPK activation ameliorates hepatic steatosis in animal models. For the clinical development of AMPK activators it is essential to have a reliable target engagement marker for appropriate dose finding and to support proof of clinical principle. While the activation of AMPK by quantification of the phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172 in target tissues can be assessed pre-clinically, this is not feasible in clinical studies. Therefore, we attempted to identify and translate a peripheral target engagement biomarker downstream of AMPK activation for clinical use in blood samples. METHODS For pharmacological activation of AMPK, two AMPK activators were synthesized (compound 1 and 2). A compound with structural similarities but no pharmacological effect on AMPK phosphorylation was synthesized as negative control (compound 3). Whole blood from healthy volunteers was incubated with an AMPK activator for up to 6 hours and mRNA sequencing was performed. Additionally, human PBMCs were isolated to evaluate Thr172-phosphorylation of AMPK in Western blots. In order to enable identification of translatable biomarker candidates, blood samples from HanWistar rats treated for two weeks with an AMPK activator were also subjected to mRNA sequencing. Furthermore, concentration-response curves for four biomarker candidates were recorded in human blood samples using Nanostring nCounter technology. Finally, ZDF rats were treated with increasing doses of compound 2 for five weeks to investigate the glucose-lowering efficacy. To investigate changes of mRNA expression of two selected biomarker candidates in this ZDF rat study, qRT-PCR was performed. RESULTS Pharmacological activation of AMPK in human PBMCs revealed an increase in Thr172-phosphorylation of AMPK, confirming target engagement in these blood cells. RNA sequencing of human blood samples identified 608 deregulated genes after AMPK activation. Additionally, AMPK activation led to deregulation of 367 genes in whole blood from HanWistar rats which mapped to the respective human genes. 22 genes out of the intersection of genes deregulated in both species are proposed as potential translatable target engagement biomarker candidates. The most prominent genes were transmembrane glycoprotein NMB (GPNMB, osteoactivin), calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9), peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGLYRP1) and Ras homolog gene family, member B (RHOB). Specificity for AMPK was shown by testing inactive compound 3 in HanWistar rats. The exposure-effect relationship for GPNMB was investigated in a subchronic study in diabetic ZDF rats. GPNMB showed a dose-dependent up-regulation both acutely and after subchronic dosing. GPNMB up-regulation correlated with an increased Thr172-phosphorylation of AMPK in liver and quadriceps muscle in rats. CONCLUSION GPNMB has been identified as a translatable target engagement biomarker for use in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Grempler
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael Wolff
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Eric Simon
- Department of Target Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Ramona Schmid
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Claudia Eisele
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Kathrin Rieber
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Elke Fischer
- Department of Cardio Metabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Sonja Mettel
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Ogsen Gabrielyan
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Denis Delic
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Gerd Luippold
- Department of Cardio Metabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Norbert Redeman
- Department of Cardio Metabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
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Taya M, Hammes SR. Glycoprotein Non-Metastatic Melanoma Protein B (GPNMB) and Cancer: A Novel Potential Therapeutic Target. Steroids 2018; 133:102-107. [PMID: 29097143 PMCID: PMC6166407 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) is a transmembrane protein enriched on the cell surface of cancer cells, including melanoma, glioblastoma, and triple-negative breast cancer. There is growing evidence identifying GPNMB as a tumor-promoter; however, despite its biological and clinical significance, the molecular mechanisms engaged by GPNMB to promote tumorigenesis are not well understood. GPNMB promotes aggressive behaviors such as tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The extracellular domain of GPNMB shed from the cell surface interacts with integrins to facilitate in the recruitment of immune-suppressive and pro-angiogenic cells to the tumor microenvironment, thereby enhancing tumor migration and invasion. GPNMB also modulates receptor tyrosine kinases and integrin signaling in a cell autonomous fashion, leading to downstream kinase signaling that in turn triggers the expression and secretion of tumorigenic factors such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cytokines. Therefore, GPNMB exerts its pro-tumorigenic role both intracellularly and in a paracrine fashion through shedding its extracellular domain. This review highlights the importance of GPNMB in cancer progression and discusses molecular mediators of GPNMB-induced tumor growth and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Taya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Stephen R Hammes
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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79
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Hanemaaijer SH, van Gijn SE, Oosting SF, Plaat BEC, Moek KL, Schuuring EM, van der Laan BFAM, Roodenburg JLN, van Vugt MATM, van der Vegt B, Fehrmann RSN. Data-Driven prioritisation of antibody-drug conjugate targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2018; 80:33-39. [PMID: 29706186 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) palliative treatment options that improve overall survival are limited. The prognosis in this group remains poor and there is an unmet need for new therapeutic options. An emerging class of therapeutics, targeting tumor-specific antigens, are antibodies bound to a cytotoxic agent, known as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). The aim of this study was to prioritize ADC targets in HNSCC. METHODS With a systematic search, we identified 55 different ADC targets currently targeted by registered ADCs and ADCs under clinical evaluation. For these 55 ADC targets, protein overexpression was predicted in a dataset containing 344 HNSCC mRNA expression profiles by using a method called functional genomic mRNA profiling. The ADC target with the highest predicted overexpression was validated by performing immunohistochemistry (IHC) on an independent tissue microarray containing 414 HNSCC tumors. RESULTS The predicted top 5 overexpressed ADC targets in HNSCC were: glycoprotein nmb (GPNMB), SLIT and NTRK-like family member 6, epidermal growth factor receptor, CD74 and CD44. IHC validation showed combined cytoplasmic and membranous GPNMB protein expression in 92.0% of the cases. Strong expression was seen in 65.9% of the cases. In addition, 86.5% and 67.7% of cases showed ≥5% and >25% GPNMB positive tumor cells, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a data-driven prioritization of ADCs targets that will facilitate clinicians and drug developers in deciding which ADC should be taken for further clinical evaluation in HNSCC. This might help to improve disease outcome of HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia H Hanemaaijer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck surgery, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie E van Gijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Oncology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoukje F Oosting
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Oncology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn E C Plaat
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck surgery, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten L Moek
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Oncology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ed M Schuuring
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard F A M van der Laan
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck surgery, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan L N Roodenburg
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel A T M van Vugt
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Oncology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert van der Vegt
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf S N Fehrmann
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Oncology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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80
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Neal ML, Boyle AM, Budge KM, Safadi FF, Richardson JR. The glycoprotein GPNMB attenuates astrocyte inflammatory responses through the CD44 receptor. J Neuroinflammation 2018. [PMID: 29519253 PMCID: PMC5842560 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation is one of the hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Activation of glial cells, including microglia and astrocytes, is a characteristic of the inflammatory response. Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that releases a soluble signaling peptide when cleaved by ADAM10 or other extracellular proteases. GPNMB has demonstrated a neuroprotective role in animal models of ALS and ischemia. However, the mechanism of this protection has not been well established. CD44 is a receptor expressed on astrocytes that can bind GPNMB, and CD44 activation has been demonstrated to reduce NFκB activation and subsequent inflammatory responses in macrophages. GPNMB signaling has not been investigated in models of PD or specifically in astrocytes. More recently, genetic studies have linked polymorphisms in GPNMB with risk for PD. Therefore, it is important to understand the role this signaling protein plays in PD. METHODS We used data mining techniques to evaluate mRNA expression of GPNMB and its receptor CD44 in the substantia nigra of PD and control brains. Immunofluorescence and qPCR techniques were used to assess GPNMB and CD44 levels in mice treated with MPTP. In vitro experiments utilized the immortalized mouse astrocyte cell line IMA2.1 and purified primary mouse astrocytes. The effects of recombinant GPNMB on cytokine-induced astrocyte activation was determined by qPCR, immunofluorescence, and measurement of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen production. RESULTS Increased GPNMB and CD44 expression was observed in the substantia nigra of human PD brains and in GFAP-positive astrocytes in an animal model of PD. GPNMB treatment attenuated cytokine-induced levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in an astrocyte cell line and primary mouse astrocytes. Using primary mouse astrocytes from CD44 knockout mice, we found that the anti-inflammatory effects of GPNMB are CD44-mediated. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that GPNMB may exert its neuroprotective effect through reducing astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation in a CD44-dependent manner, providing novel mechanistic insight into the neuroprotective properties of GPNMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Neal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Alexa M Boyle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44240, USA
| | - Kevin M Budge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44240, USA
| | - Fayez F Safadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.
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81
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Yang CF, Lin SP, Chiang CP, Wu YH, H'ng WS, Chang CP, Chen YT, Wu JY. Loss of GPNMB Causes Autosomal-Recessive Amyloidosis Cutis Dyschromica in Humans. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:219-232. [PMID: 29336782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloidosis cutis dyschromica (ACD) is a distinct form of primary cutaneous amyloidosis characterized by generalized hyperpigmentation mottled with small hypopigmented macules on the trunks and limbs. Affected families and sporadic case subjects have been reported predominantly in East and Southeast Asian ethnicities; however, the genetic cause has not been elucidated. We report here that the compound heterozygosity or homozygosity of GPNMB truncating alleles is the cause of autosomal-recessive ACD. Six nonsense or frameshift mutations were identified in nine individuals diagnosed with ACD. Immunofluorescence analysis of skin biopsies showed that GPNMB is expressed in all epidermal cells, with the highest staining observed in melanocytes. GPNMB staining is significantly reduced in the lesional skin of affected individuals. Hyperpigmented lesions exhibited significantly increased amounts of DNA/keratin-positive amyloid deposits in the papillary dermis and infiltrating macrophages compared with hypo- or depigmented macules. Depigmentation of the lesions was attributable to loss of melanocytes. Intracytoplasmic fibrillary aggregates were observed in keratinocytes scattered in the lesional epidermis. Thus, our analysis indicates that loss of GPNMB, which has been implicated in melanosome formation, autophagy, phagocytosis, tissue repair, and negative regulation of inflammation, underlies autosomal-recessive ACD and provides insights into the etiology of amyloidosis and pigment dyschromia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Fan Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Shuan-Pei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ping Chiang
- Departments of Dermatology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Wu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Weng Siong H'ng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ping Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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82
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Campana L, Starkey Lewis PJ, Pellicoro A, Aucott RL, Man J, O'Duibhir E, Mok SE, Ferreira-Gonzalez S, Livingstone E, Greenhalgh SN, Hull KL, Kendall TJ, Vernimmen D, Henderson NC, Boulter L, Gregory CD, Feng Y, Anderton SM, Forbes SJ, Iredale JP. The STAT3-IL-10-IL-6 Pathway Is a Novel Regulator of Macrophage Efferocytosis and Phenotypic Conversion in Sterile Liver Injury. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:1169-1187. [PMID: 29263216 PMCID: PMC5784823 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The disposal of apoptotic bodies by professional phagocytes is crucial to effective inflammation resolution. Our ability to improve the disposal of apoptotic bodies by professional phagocytes is impaired by a limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the engulfment and digestion of the efferocytic cargo. Macrophages are professional phagocytes necessary for liver inflammation, fibrosis, and resolution, switching their phenotype from proinflammatory to restorative. Using sterile liver injury models, we show that the STAT3-IL-10-IL-6 axis is a positive regulator of macrophage efferocytosis, survival, and phenotypic conversion, directly linking debris engulfment to tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Campana
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom;
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J Starkey Lewis
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella Pellicoro
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L Aucott
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Janet Man
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Eoghan O'Duibhir
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Mok
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Ferreira-Gonzalez
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Eilidh Livingstone
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen N Greenhalgh
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine L Hull
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J Kendall
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
- Division of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas Vernimmen
- Developmental Biology Division, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Boulter
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; and
| | - Christopher D Gregory
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Feng
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Anderton
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart J Forbes
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - John P Iredale
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
- Senate House, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, United Kingdom
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83
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Hendrickx DAE, van Scheppingen J, van der Poel M, Bossers K, Schuurman KG, van Eden CG, Hol EM, Hamann J, Huitinga I. Gene Expression Profiling of Multiple Sclerosis Pathology Identifies Early Patterns of Demyelination Surrounding Chronic Active Lesions. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1810. [PMID: 29312322 PMCID: PMC5742619 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis (MS), activated microglia and infiltrating macrophages phagocytose myelin focally in (chronic) active lesions. These demyelinating sites expand in time, but at some point turn inactive into a sclerotic scar. To identify molecular mechanisms underlying lesion activity and halt, we analyzed genome-wide gene expression in rim and peri-lesional regions of chronic active and inactive MS lesions, as well as in control tissue. Gene clustering revealed patterns of gene expression specifically associated with MS and with the presumed, subsequent stages of lesion development. Next to genes involved in immune functions, we found regulation of novel genes in and around the rim of chronic active lesions, such as NPY, KANK4, NCAN, TKTL1, and ANO4. Of note, the presence of many foamy macrophages in active rims was accompanied by a congruent upregulation of genes related to lipid binding, such as MSR1, CD68, CXCL16, and OLR1, and lipid uptake, such as CHIT1, GPNMB, and CCL18. Except CCL18, these genes were already upregulated in regions around active MS lesions, showing that such lesions are indeed expanding. In vitro downregulation of the scavenger receptors MSR1 and CXCL16 reduced myelin uptake. In conclusion, this study provides the gene expression profile of different aspects of MS pathology and indicates that early demyelination, mediated by scavenger receptors, is already present in regions around active MS lesions. Genes involved in early demyelination events in regions surrounding chronic active MS lesions might be promising therapeutic targets to stop lesion expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie A E Hendrickx
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jackelien van Scheppingen
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marlijn van der Poel
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Koen Bossers
- Neurodegeneration Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karianne G Schuurman
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Corbert G van Eden
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elly M Hol
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jörg Hamann
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Inge Huitinga
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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84
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Antibody–Drug Conjugates for the Treatment of Solid Tumors: Clinical Experience and Latest Developments. Target Oncol 2017; 12:719-739. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-017-0535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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85
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Costa ML, Robinette ML, Bugatti M, Longtine MS, Colvin BN, Lantelme E, Vermi W, Colonna M, Nelson DM, Cella M. Two Distinct Myeloid Subsets at the Term Human Fetal-Maternal Interface. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1357. [PMID: 29123519 PMCID: PMC5662895 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, immune cells infiltrate the placenta at different stages of fetal development. NK cells and macrophages are the most predominant cell types. These immune cells play pleiotropic roles, as they control spiral artery remodeling to ensure appropriate blood supply and maintain long-term tolerance to a true allograft; yet, they must be able to mount appropriate immune defenses to pathogens that may threaten the fetus. Whether the same cell type accomplishes all these tasks or if there are dedicated subsets remains controversial. Here, we identify and characterize two distinct subsets of myeloid cells that differ in their pro-inflammatory/regulatory capacity. While one subset predominantly produces the immune-modulating cytokine IL-10, the second subset has superior capacity to secrete pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1β and IL-6. The putative regulatory myeloid cells also express high levels of inhibitory receptors and their ligands, including programmed cell death 1 (PD1) ligands. Importantly, a large fraction of CD8 and CD4 cells in normal term human placenta are PD1 positive, suggesting that the PD1/PD1 ligands axis might be critical to maintain tolerance during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Costa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Michelle L Robinette
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Mattia Bugatti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mark S Longtine
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Bryanne N Colvin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Erica Lantelme
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - William Vermi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - D Michael Nelson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Marina Cella
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
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86
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Noda Y, Tsuruma K, Takata M, Ishisaka M, Tanaka H, Nakano Y, Nagahara Y, Shimazawa M, Hara H. GPNMB Induces BiP Expression by Enhancing Splicing of BiP Pre-mRNA during the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12160. [PMID: 28939899 PMCID: PMC5610265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) has a neuroprotective effect against neuronal cell death caused by the accumulation of abnormal mutated proteins. It is known that the accumulation of pathological proteins induces endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) stress leading to cell damage. The aim of this study was to determine the role of GPNMB in the ER stress response. GPNMB was greatly up-regulated by thapsigargin-induced ER stress. Under the ER stress conditions, GPNMB relocated to the nucleus and specifically up-regulated expression of BiP at the mRNA level by promoting the BiP pre-mRNA splicing, not through the pathways initiated by the three major transducers of the unfolded protein response: IRE1, PERK, and ATF6. Furthermore, we found that the protein level of BiP and the infarction were increased and attenuated, respectively, in Gpnmb-transgenic mice after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, in comparison with wild-type mice. Thus, our findings indicate that GPNMB enhances the BiP expression by promoting the splicing (thereby preventing cell death caused by ER stress) and could be a therapeutic target in ER stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Noda
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tsuruma
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takata
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mitsue Ishisaka
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Tanaka
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakano
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagahara
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Shimazawa
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.
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87
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Yu B, Sondag GR, Malcuit C, Kim MH, Safadi FF. Macrophage-Associated Osteoactivin/GPNMB Mediates Mesenchymal Stem Cell Survival, Proliferation, and Migration Via a CD44-Dependent Mechanism. J Cell Biochem 2017; 117:1511-21. [PMID: 26442636 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although MSCs have been widely recognized to have therapeutic potential in the repair of injured or diseased tissues, it remains unclear how functional activities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are influenced by the surrounding inflammatory milieu at the site of tissue injury. Macrophages constitute an essential component of innate immunity and have been shown to exhibit a phenotypic plasticity in response to various stimuli, which play a central role in both acute inflammation and wound repair. Osteoactivin (OA)/Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB), a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a role in cell differentiation, survival, and angiogenesis. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential role of OA/GPNMB in macrophage-induced MSC function. We found that reparative M2 macrophages express significantly greater levels of OA/GPNMB than pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. Furthermore, using loss of function and rescue studies, we demonstrated that M2 macrophages-secreted OA/GPNMB positively regulates the viability, proliferation, and migration of MSCs. More importantly, we demonstrated that OA/GPNMB acts through ERK and AKT signaling pathways in MSCs via CD44, to induce these effects. Taken together, our results provide pivotal insight into the mechanism by which OA/GPNMB contributes to the tissue reparative phenotype of M2 macrophages and positively regulates functional activities of MSCs. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1511-1521, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Gregory R Sondag
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, Ohio.,School of Biomedical of Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH
| | | | - Min-Ho Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Fayez F Safadi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, Ohio.,School of Biomedical of Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH
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88
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Yu B, Alboslemy T, Safadi F, Kim MH. Glycoprotein Nonmelanoma Clone B Regulates the Crosstalk between Macrophages and Mesenchymal Stem Cells toward Wound Repair. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:219-227. [PMID: 28899684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The process of wound repair requires the coordinated participation of multiple types of cells, which are sequentially recruited during the healing process. In response to tissue injury, both macrophages and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recruited to the site of injury, where they participate in the repair process. Despite considerable understanding of the role of each cell type in the process of wound repair, the nature of the dynamic interplay between these two cell types and how this interaction influences the process of wound repair are not well understood. Here, using an in vivo model of cutaneous wound healing in mice, we provide evidence that GPNMB is functionally important in promoting the recruitment of MSCs to the site of skin injury, which in turn modulates inflammatory responses by directing the M2 polarization of macrophages in acute wound healing. Furthermore, we show that GPNMB activity is impaired in a diabetic wound environment, which is associated with impaired MSC recruitment that is reversed by the topical administration of recombinant GPNMB protein to the wounds of diabetic mice. Our study provides important insight into the crosstalk between macrophages and endogenous MSCs toward wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - Talib Alboslemy
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - Fayez Safadi
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA; School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.
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89
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Budge KM, Neal ML, Richardson JR, Safadi FF. Glycoprotein NMB: an Emerging Role in Neurodegenerative Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:5167-5176. [PMID: 28856541 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is characterized by severe neuronal loss leading to the cognitive and physical impairments that define various neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation is one hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases and can ultimately contribute to disease progression. Increased inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1 β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Unfortunately, current therapeutic options lack ability to stop or effectively slow progression of these diseases and are primarily aimed at alleviating symptoms. Thus, it is crucial to discover novel treatment candidates for neurodegenerative diseases. Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) is a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein first identified in a melanoma cell line. GPNMB augments bone mineral deposition by stimulating osteoblast differentiation. Aside from its anabolic function in the bone, emerging evidence suggests that GPNMB has anti-inflammatory and reparative functions. GPNMB has also been demonstrated to be neuroprotective in an animal model of ALS, cerebral ischemia, and other disease models. Given these discoveries, GPNMB should be investigated as a potential therapeutic option for multiple neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Budge
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44224, USA.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Matthew L Neal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Fayez F Safadi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44224, USA. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
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90
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Lu L, Zhou Q, Chen Z, Chen L. The significant role of the Golgi apparatus in cardiovascular diseases. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2911-2919. [PMID: 28574583 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus (GA) is a ribbon-like system of stacks which consist of multiple closely apposed flattened cisternae and vesicles usually localized in the juxta-nuclear area. As for the biological functions, the GA plays a major role in protein biosynthesis, post-translational modification, and sorting protein from ER to plasma membrane and other destinations. Structural changes and functional disorder of the GA is associated with various diseases. Moreover, increasing evidence revealed that swelling, poor development, and other morphological alterations of the GA are linked to cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure (HF), arrhythmia, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, dysfunction of the GA is also related to cardiovascular diseases since the GA is extremely responsible for transport, glycosylation, biosynthesis, and subcellular distribution of cardiovascular proteins. This review gives a brief overview of the intricate relationship between the GA and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, we provide a further prospective that the GA may provide diagnosis reference for cardiovascular diseases, and changes in the ultrastructure and morphology of the GA such as swelling, poor development, and fragmentation may serve as a reliable index for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Lu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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91
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Rose AAN, Biondini M, Curiel R, Siegel PM. Targeting GPNMB with glembatumumab vedotin: Current developments and future opportunities for the treatment of cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 179:127-141. [PMID: 28546082 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
GPNMB has emerged as an immunomodulator and an important positive mediator of tumor progression and metastasis in numerous solid cancers. Tumor intrinsic GPNMB-mediated effects on cellular signaling, coupled with the ability of GPNMB to influence the primary tumor and metastatic microenvironments in a non-cell autonomous fashion, combine to augment malignant cancer phenotypes. In addition, GPNMB is often overexpressed in a variety of cancers, making it an attractive therapeutic target. In this regard, glembatumumab vedotin, an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that targets GPNMB, is currently in clinical trials as a single agent in multiple cancers. In this review, we will describe the physiological functions of GPNMB in normal tissues and summarize the processes through which GPNMB augments tumor growth and metastasis. We will review the pre-clinical and clinical development of glembatumumab vedotin, evaluate on-going clinical trials, explore emerging opportunities for this agent in new disease indications and discuss exciting possibilities for this ADC in the context of combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- April A N Rose
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marco Biondini
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Peter M Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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92
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Jouy F, Lohmann N, Wandel E, Ruiz-Gómez G, Pisabarro MT, Beck-Sickinger AG, Schnabelrauch M, Möller S, Simon JC, Kalkhof S, von Bergen M, Franz S. Sulfated hyaluronan attenuates inflammatory signaling pathways in macrophages involving induction of antioxidants. Proteomics 2017; 17:e1700082. [PMID: 28337837 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
It is well recognized that high molecular weight hyaluronan (H-HA) exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects while its fragmentation into low molecular weight HA (L-HA) is discussed to promote inflammation. Chemical modification of HA with sulfate groups has been shown to foster its anti-inflammatory activity which seems to be maintained in sulfated low molecular weight HA derivatives (sL-HA). However, the molecular mechanisms by which sL-HA produces its anti-inflammatory activity are not understood. In this study, we used global quantitative proteomics combined with targeted analysis of key proteins to characterize the effect of sL-HA on fully differentiated human inflammatory macrophages (iMФ). Culture of iMФ with sL-HA did not affect cell viability but resulted in a reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine response of iMФ after activation indicating a profound counter-regulation of their initial inflammatory phenotype. Rapid internalization of sL-HA involving CD44 and scavenger receptors was observed. Furthermore, an upregulation of the antioxidants SOD2 and SOD3 was found while no oxidative stress was induced. Consequently, activity of transcription factors for inflammatory gene expression was downregulated in iMФ with sL-HA after activation whereas anti-inflammatory proteins were induced. This study proves anti-inflammatory properties of sL-HA and provides information on its regulatory mode of action on iMФ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Jouy
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nadine Lohmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elke Wandel
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jan C Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Kalkhof
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Coburg, Coburg, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandra Franz
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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93
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Epistatic interaction between the lipase-encoding genes Pnpla2 and Lipe causes liposarcoma in mice. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006716. [PMID: 28459858 PMCID: PMC5432192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposarcoma is an often fatal cancer of fat cells. Mechanisms of liposarcoma development are incompletely understood. The cleavage of fatty acids from acylglycerols (lipolysis) has been implicated in cancer. We generated mice with adipose tissue deficiency of two major enzymes of lipolysis, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), encoded respectively by Pnpla2 and Lipe. Adipocytes from double adipose knockout (DAKO) mice, deficient in both ATGL and HSL, showed near-complete deficiency of lipolysis. All DAKO mice developed liposarcoma between 11 and 14 months of age. No tumors occurred in single knockout or control mice. The transcriptome of DAKO adipose tissue showed marked differences from single knockout and normal controls as early as 3 months. Gpnmb and G0s2 were among the most highly dysregulated genes in premalignant and malignant DAKO adipose tissue, suggesting a potential utility as early markers of the disease. Similar changes of GPNMB and G0S2 expression were present in a human liposarcoma database. These results show that a previously-unknown, fully penetrant epistatic interaction between Pnpla2 and Lipe can cause liposarcoma in mice. DAKO mice provide a promising model for studying early premalignant changes that lead to late-onset malignant disease. Liposarcoma is an often fatal adult-onset tumor of fat tissue. Lipolysis, the central pathway of fat tissue metabolism, has been implicated in cancer. We generated mice that were deficient in two key enzymes of lipolysis, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). Strikingly, all mice with combined ATGL and HSL deficiency developed liposarcoma by 11–14 months of age. No liposarcoma occurred in single knockout or normal controls. Transcriptome analysis revealed that a subset of genes is dysregulated by 3 months of age. Our study reveals a novel epistatic interaction in fat cells between these two lipase genes and that causes a unique form of liposarcoma in mice. The double knockout mice provide a novel tool to study the early stages of liposarcoma development, prognostic markers and preventive treatments.
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94
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Zhou L, Zhuo H, Ouyang H, Liu Y, Yuan F, Sun L, Liu F, Liu H. Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein b (Gpnmb) is highly expressed in macrophages of acute injured kidney and promotes M2 macrophages polarization. Cell Immunol 2017; 316:53-60. [PMID: 28433199 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an increasingly common disorder that is strongly linked to short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. During AKI process, macrophages, one of the important immune response cells, can polarize into M1 and M2 subtype from M0 subtype. It is well-known that M1 macrophages play a pro inflammatory role while M2 macrophages play an anti-inflammatory role. Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein b (Gpnmb) is a glycosylated transmembrane protein highly expressed in numerous cells, including osteoblasts, dendritic cells and macrophages. Gpnmb serves as a negative regulator of inflammation in macrophages and has a protective effect on injuries. In acute kidney injury, the macrophage has been shown diverse roles depending on different phenotype. This study provided gene expression and protein expression evidence that Gpnmb was highly expressed in M2 macrophages in the damaged areas of kidney after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Then, we successful isolated and culture mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMφ) and found that Gpnmb showed different expression levels in M0, M1 and M2 BMMφ: lowest in M1, highest in M2. After knocking down Gpnmb with si-Gpnmb, BMMφ M2 polarization and secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β were inhibited, while M1 polarization and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were promoted. Moreover, IL-4-STAT6 pathway was involved in the promotion of M2 polarization by Gpnmb. Taken together, Gpnmb may serve as a potential biomarker of AKI and play a protective role against the AKI by modulating the polarization of macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letian Zhou
- Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Hui Zhuo
- Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Huiyu Ouyang
- Nephrology Department, The 331 Hospital of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou 412200, PR China
| | - Yexin Liu
- Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Lin Sun
- Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, Changsha 410011, PR China.
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95
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Macrophage Transcriptional Profile Identifies Lipid Catabolic Pathways That Can Be Therapeutically Targeted after Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurosci 2017; 37:2362-2376. [PMID: 28130359 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2751-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although infiltrating macrophages influence many pathological processes after spinal cord injury (SCI), the intrinsic molecular mechanisms that regulate their function are poorly understood. A major hurdle has been dissecting macrophage-specific functions from those in other cell types as well as understanding how their functions change over time. Therefore, we used the RiboTag method to obtain macrophage-specific mRNA directly from the injured spinal cord in mice and performed RNA sequencing to investigate their transcriptional profile. Our data show that at 7 d after SCI, macrophages are best described as foam cells, with lipid catabolism representing the main biological process, and canonical nuclear receptor pathways as their potential mediators. Genetic deletion of a lipoprotein receptor, CD36, reduces macrophage lipid content and improves lesion size and locomotor recovery. Therefore, we report the first macrophage-specific transcriptional profile after SCI and highlight the lipid catabolic pathway as an important macrophage function that can be therapeutically targeted after SCI.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The intrinsic molecular mechanisms that regulate macrophage function after spinal cord injury (SCI) are poorly understood. We obtained macrophage-specific mRNA directly from the injured spinal cord and performed RNA sequencing to investigate their transcriptional profile. Our data show that at 7 d after SCI, macrophages are best described as foam cells, with lipid catabolism representing the main biological process and canonical nuclear receptor pathways as their potential mediators. Genetic deletion of a lipoprotein receptor, CD36, reduces macrophage lipid content and improves lesion size and locomotor recovery. Therefore, we report the first macrophage-specific transcriptional profile after SCI and highlight the lipid catabolic pathway as an important macrophage function that can be therapeutically targeted after SCI.
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96
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Validating glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma B (gpNMB, osteoactivin), a new biomarker of Gaucher disease. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2016; 68:47-53. [PMID: 28003098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the spleens of Gaucher disease mice and patients, there is a striking elevation of expression of glycoprotein non-Metastatic Melanoma B (gpNMB). We conducted a study in a large cohort of patients with Gaucher disease to assess the utility of serum levels of soluble fragment of gpNMB as a biomarker of disease activity. There was >15-fold elevation of gpNMB in sera of untreated patients with Gaucher disease. gpNMB levels correlated with overall disease severity as well as the severity of individual organ compartments: liver, spleen, bone and hematological disease. Imiglucerase enzyme replacement therapy resulted in significant reduction of gpNMB. Serum levels of gpNMB were highly correlated with accumulation of bioactive lipid substrate of Gaucher disease, glucosylsphingosine as well as established biomarkers, chitotriosidase and chemokine, CCL18. Our results suggest utility of gpNMB as a biomarker of Gaucher disease to monitor individual patients and cohorts of patients for disease progression or response to therapy. Investigation of gpNMB in Gaucher disease pathophysiology is likely to illuminate our understanding disease mechanisms.
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97
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Weissmann R, Hüttenrauch M, Kacprowski T, Bouter Y, Pradier L, Bayer TA, Kuss AW, Wirths O. Gene Expression Profiling in the APP/PS1KI Mouse Model of Familial Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 50:397-409. [PMID: 26639971 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by early intraneuronal amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation, extracellular deposition of Aβ peptides, and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates. These lesions cause dendritic and synaptic alterations and induce an inflammatory response in the diseased brain. Although the neuropathological characteristics of AD have been known for decades, the molecular mechanisms causing the disease are still under investigation. Studying gene expression changes in postmortem AD brain tissue can yield new insights into the molecular disease mechanisms. To that end, one can employ transgenic AD mouse models and the next-generation sequencing technology. In this study, a whole-brain transcriptome analysis was carried out using the well-characterized APP/PS1KI mouse model for AD. These mice display a robust phenotype reflected by working memory deficits at 6 months of age, a significant neuron loss in a variety of brain areas including the CA1 region of the hippocampus and a severe amyloid pathology. Based on deep sequencing, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 6-month-old WT or PS1KI and APP/PS1KI were identified and verified by qRT-PCR. Compared to WT mice, 250 DEGs were found in APP/PS1KI mice, while 186 DEGs could be found compared to PS1KI control mice. Most of the DEGs were upregulated in APP/PS1KI mice and belong to either inflammation-associated pathways or lysosomal activation, which is likely due to the robust intraneuronal accumulation of Aβ in this mouse model. Our comprehensive brain transcriptome study further highlights APP/PS1KI mice as a valuable model for AD, covering molecular inflammatory and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Weissmann
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald and Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melanie Hüttenrauch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yvonne Bouter
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laurent Pradier
- Sanofi, Therapeutic Strategy Unit Neurodegeneration and Pain, Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Thomas A Bayer
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas W Kuss
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald and Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oliver Wirths
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
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Järve A, Mühlstedt S, Qadri F, Nickl B, Schulz H, Hübner N, Özcelik C, Bader M. Adverse left ventricular remodeling by glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B in myocardial infarction. FASEB J 2016; 31:556-568. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600613r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Järve
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg School of Regenerative TherapiesBerlinGermany
| | - Silke Mühlstedt
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IHumboldt‐University BerlinGermany
- Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | | | - Bernadette Nickl
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
- Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | | | | | | | - Michael Bader
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
- Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
- Charité‐University MedicineBerlinGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)BerlinGermany
- Institute for BiologyUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
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99
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Dvorkin-Gheva A, Vanderstocken G, Yildirim AÖ, Brandsma CA, Obeidat M, Bossé Y, Hassell JA, Stampfli MR. Total particulate matter concentration skews cigarette smoke's gene expression profile. ERJ Open Res 2016; 2:00029-2016. [PMID: 27995131 PMCID: PMC5165723 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00029-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of small animals to cigarette smoke is widely used as a model to study the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, protocols and exposure systems utilised vary substantially and it is unclear how these different systems compare. We analysed the gene expression profile of six publically available murine datasets from different cigarette smoke-exposure systems and related the gene signatures to three clinical cohorts. 234 genes significantly regulated by cigarette smoke in at least one model were used to construct a 55-gene network containing 17 clusters. Increasing numbers of differentially regulated clusters were associated with higher total particulate matter concentrations in the different datasets. Low total particulate matter-induced genes mainly related to xenobiotic/detoxification responses, while higher total particulate matter activated immune/inflammatory processes in addition to xenobiotic/detoxification responses. To translate these observations to the clinic, we analysed the regulation of the revealed network in three human cohorts. Similar to mice, we observed marked differences in the number of regulated clusters between the cohorts. These differences were not determined by pack-year. Although none of the experimental models exhibited a complete alignment with any of the human cohorts, some exposure systems showed higher resemblance. Thus, depending on the cohort, clinically observed changes in gene expression may be mirrored more closely by specific cigarette smoke exposure systems. This study emphasises the need for careful validation of animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dvorkin-Gheva
- Dept of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre for Functional Genomics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Gilles Vanderstocken
- Dept of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC research institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ma'en Obeidat
- The University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Dept of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - John A. Hassell
- Centre for Functional Genomics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Martin R. Stampfli
- Dept of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Dept of Medicine, Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health at St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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100
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoactivin (OA) was first discovered in an osteopetrotic rat model using mRNA differential display a decade ago and has been studied recently. OA in bone tissue can directly or indirectly regulate the differentiation of osteoblasts by influencing cell behaviours, such as proliferation and adhesion, as well as inducing serial signal cascades, which would be of great importance in the field of tissue engineering. The results of recent studies have further demonstrated that OA plays a critical role in the differentiation and function of cells, especially in bone formation and fracture healing. Areas covered: The discovery, structure, and function of OA as well as its therapeutic potential in tissue regeneration of bone defects, kidney injury, liver damage, and muscle atrophy. Expert opinion: OA has great potential in promoting the regeneration of damaged tissues, particularly bone tissue, which is supported by a large body of data. Future studies should focus on exploring the underlying mechanism of OA as well as pursuing the ideal form of OA-related regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Huang
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,b Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Bo Bai
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,b Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yongchang Yao
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,b Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Implant Materials , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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