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Kumar M, Saurabh V, Tomar M, Hasan M, Changan S, Sasi M, Maheshwari C, Prajapati U, Singh S, Prajapat RK, Dhumal S, Punia S, Amarowicz R, Mekhemar M. Mango ( Mangifera indica L.) Leaves: Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Profile, and Health-Promoting Bioactivities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:299. [PMID: 33669341 PMCID: PMC7920260 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mangifera indica L. belongs to the family of Anacardiaceae and is an important fruit from South and Southeast Asia. India, China, Thailand, Indonesia, Pakistan, Mexico, Brazil, Bangladesh, Nigeria, and the Philippines are among the top mango producer countries. Leaves of the mango plant have been studied for their health benefits, which are attributed to a plethora of phytochemicals such as mangiferin, followed by phenolic acids, benzophenones, and other antioxidants such as flavonoids, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and tocopherols. The extracts from mango leaves (MLs) have been studied for their biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-obesity, lipid-lowering, hepato-protection, and anti-diarrheal. In the present review, we have elaborated on the nutritional and phytochemical profile of the MLs. Further, various bioactivities of the ML extracts are also critically discussed. Considering the phytochemical profile and beneficial effects of the MLs, they can be used as a potential ingredient for the development of functional foods and pharmaceutical drugs. However, more detailed clinical trials still needed to be conducted for establishing the actual efficacy of the ML extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Vivek Saurabh
- Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (V.S.); (U.P.)
| | - Maharishi Tomar
- ICAR—Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi 284003, India;
| | - Muzaffar Hasan
- Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462038, India;
| | - Sushil Changan
- Division of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India;
| | - Minnu Sasi
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Chirag Maheshwari
- Department of Agriculture Energy and Power, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462038, India;
| | - Uma Prajapati
- Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (V.S.); (U.P.)
| | - Surinder Singh
- Dr. S.S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India;
| | - Rakesh Kumar Prajapat
- School of Agriculture, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur 302017, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Sangram Dhumal
- Division of Horticulture, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur 416004, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Sneh Punia
- Department of Food, Nutrition, & packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, Poland;
| | - Mohamed Mekhemar
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrecht’s University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Morozkina SN, Nhung Vu TH, Generalova YE, Snetkov PP, Uspenskaya MV. Mangiferin as New Potential Anti-Cancer Agent and Mangiferin-Integrated Polymer Systems-A Novel Research Direction. Biomolecules 2021; 11:79. [PMID: 33435313 PMCID: PMC7827323 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, the pharmaceutical industry focused on natural biologically active molecules due to their unique properties, availability and significantly less side-effects. Mangiferin is a naturally occurring C-glucosylxantone that has substantial potential for the treatment of various diseases thanks to its numerous biological activities. Many research studies have proven that mangiferin possesses antioxidant, anti-infection, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, cardiovascular, neuroprotective properties and it also increases immunity. It is especially important that it has no toxicity. However, mangiferin is not being currently applied to clinical use because its oral bioavailability as well as its absorption in the body are too low. To improve the solubility, enhance the biological action and bioavailability, mangiferin integrated polymer systems have been developed. In this paper, we review molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer action as well as a number of designed polymer-mangiferin systems. Taking together, mangiferin is a very promising anti-cancer molecule with excellent properties and the absence of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana N. Morozkina
- Institute BioEngineering, ITMO University, Kronverkskiy Prospekt, 49A, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (T.H.N.V.); (P.P.S.); (M.V.U.)
| | - Thi Hong Nhung Vu
- Institute BioEngineering, ITMO University, Kronverkskiy Prospekt, 49A, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (T.H.N.V.); (P.P.S.); (M.V.U.)
| | - Yuliya E. Generalova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Industrial Technology of Dosage Forms, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popova Street 14A, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Petr P. Snetkov
- Institute BioEngineering, ITMO University, Kronverkskiy Prospekt, 49A, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (T.H.N.V.); (P.P.S.); (M.V.U.)
| | - Mayya V. Uspenskaya
- Institute BioEngineering, ITMO University, Kronverkskiy Prospekt, 49A, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (T.H.N.V.); (P.P.S.); (M.V.U.)
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Ethnobotanical knowledge and folk medicinal significance of the flora of district Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. HERBA POLONICA 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2020-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Introduction: Medicinal plants are the natural source of medicines used in treatment of many diseases among local communities of various countries. It is also the raw material for the pharmaceutical industry. Pakistan is a country with a variety of medicinal plants, comprehensively studied in some areas, while others still need more studies of their flora.
Objectives: The study was performed to catalogue the flora of district Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan and to assess its ethnomedicinal importance.
Methods: A field survey was conducted in the Gujrat district (including Sarai Alamgir, Gujrat and Kharian) in 2019–2020 to collect the flora. Nearly 200 people of various age groups were interviewed and the questionnaire was filled, the gender and professions of the participants were also noted.
Results: The plant species collected belonged to 32 different Angiosperm families i.e. Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Moraceae, Amaranthaceae, Apiaceae, Myrtaceae, Rutaceae, Solanaceae, Malvaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Lamiaceae. The obtained material consisted of 30 herbs, 20 shrubs and 22 trees. The floral parts used most often were leaves (63%) followed by: flower (41%), fruit (28%), stem (16%), seed (16%), bark (14%), root (13%), whole plant (12%), underground part (3%) and latex (3%). According to the study, the highest RFC (Relative Frequency of Citation) values were 0.1 in Cassia fistula L. (0.25) and the smallest RFC values were observed in Stellaria media (L.) Vill. – 0.025. The highest UV (Use Values) were noted for Achyranthes aspera L. at 0.9. In disease category, the highest value (0.67) of ICF (Informant Consensus Factor) was observed for stomach and skin infections, while the lowest ICF value was noted for diabetes and gonorrhoea (0.27).
Conclusions: It was concluded that the Gujrat district is rich in useful plants that can be used in the preparation of various medicines as well as be sold on the herbal market.
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Wu L, Wu W, Cai Y, Li C, Wang L. HPLC fingerprinting-based multivariate analysis of phenolic compounds in mango leaves varieties: Correlation to their antioxidant activity and in silico α-glucoidase inhibitory ability. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 191:113616. [PMID: 32942107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mango leaves (MLs) have many important medical values owing to its high contents of phytochemical compounds. Among them, phenolic compounds existing in MLs showed multiple pharmacological activities. However, there is a little information about the quality evaluation and discrimination of different varieties of MLs. In the present study, the chemical compositions of MLs were identified by using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS). Then, the quality of ten MLs varieties collected from a same plantation was assessed according to integrated HPLC fingerprinting coupled with multivariate analysis. The results revealed that Cui Yu (S5) showed the highest TPC/TFC and the strongest bio-activity, followed by Tai Long (S7) and Hong Bao Shi (S3). Among different HPLC fingerprinting, twenty compounds were selected as common characteristic peaks, and the similarity was within the range of 0.792-0.995. Meanwhile, these varieties were divided into three groups: G1 (S3, S5, S7, and S10), G2 (S1 and S4) and G3 (S2, S6, S8, and S9). Two discriminant functions with the discriminant rate near 100 % were constructed. Additionally, neomangiferin, mangiferin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isoquercitrin and quercetin were found to be the key compounds in quality evaluation of MLs varieties. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis results confirmed that these key compounds directly contributed to the antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory ability of MLs. Importantly, the possible inhibitory mechanisms of these key compounds against α-glucosidase were preliminary clarified by in silico analysis, and the analysis results provide a theoretical basis for future development and utilization of mango leaves byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yanzi Cai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Congfa Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Hainan Huachuang Areca Research Institute, Haikou, 570125, PR China.
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Zhang D, Han S, Zhou Y, Qi B, Wang X. Therapeutic effects of mangiferin on sepsis-associated acute lung and kidney injuries via the downregulation of vascular permeability and protection of inflammatory and oxidative damages. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 152:105400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Geck MS, Cristians S, Berger-González M, Casu L, Heinrich M, Leonti M. Traditional Herbal Medicine in Mesoamerica: Toward Its Evidence Base for Improving Universal Health Coverage. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1160. [PMID: 32848768 PMCID: PMC7411306 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality of health care in Mesoamerica is influenced by its rich cultural diversity and characterized by social inequalities. Especially indigenous and rural communities confront diverse barriers to accessing formal health services, leading to often conflicting plurimedical systems. Fostering integrative medicine is a fundamental pillar for achieving universal health coverage (UHC) for marginalized populations. Recent developments toward health sovereignty in the region are concerned with assessing the role of traditional medicines, and particularly herbal medicines, to foster accessible and culturally pertinent healthcare provision models. In Mesoamerica, as in most regions of the world, a wealth of information on traditional and complementary medicine has been recorded. Yet these data are often scattered, making it difficult for policy makers to regulate and integrate traditionally used botanical products into primary health care. This critical review is based on a quantitative analysis of 28 survey papers focusing on the traditional use of botanical drugs in Mesoamerica used for the compilation of the "Mesoamerican Medicinal Plant Database" (MAMPDB), which includes a total of 12,537 use-records for 2188 plant taxa. Our approach presents a fundamental step toward UHC by presenting a pharmacological and toxicological review of the cross-culturally salient plant taxa and associated botanical drugs used in traditional medicine in Mesoamerica. Especially for native herbal drugs, data about safety and effectiveness are limited. Commonly used cross-culturally salient botanical drugs, which are considered safe but for which data on effectiveness is lacking constitute ideal candidates for treatment outcome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias S. Geck
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Biovision – Foundation for Ecological Development, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sol Cristians
- Botanical Garden, Institute of Biology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mónica Berger-González
- Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Heath, Swiss TPH, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Casu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Leonti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Al-Jaidi BA, Odetallah HM, Chandrasekaran B, Amro R. Herbal Medications for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Review. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190820115332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder of the endocrine system affecting
people worldwide. It is a serious disorder that needs lifetime control which is mainly
treated by numerous chemical agents. Most of these chemical agents are associated with various
unpleasant adverse effects, as a result of which there is a growing interest towards the
alternative medicines which are found to be comparatively safer causing less adverse effects.
As there are many plant’s extracts which are evident to provide hypoglycemic effect, intensive
investigations are under progress to explore their advantageous effects on diabetic patients.
This article discusses some of these important plants that are either being used for diabetes
treatment or under investigation for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal A. Al-Jaidi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O BOX (1), Philadelphia University (19392), Jordan
| | - Haifa'a Marouf Odetallah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O BOX (1), Philadelphia University (19392), Jordan
| | - Balakumar Chandrasekaran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O BOX (1), Philadelphia University (19392), Jordan
| | - Razan Amro
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Mirza B, Croley CR, Ahmad M, Pumarol J, Das N, Sethi G, Bishayee A. Mango ( Mangifera indica L.): a magnificent plant with cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic potential. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2125-2151. [PMID: 32506936 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1771678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mangifera indica L. (mango), a long-living evergreen plant belonging to the Anacardiaceae family, has been cultivated for thousands of years in the Indian subcontinent for its excellent fruits which represent a rich source of fiber, vitamin A and C, essential amino acids, and a plethora of phytochemicals. M. indica is extensively used in various traditional systems of medicine to prevent and treat several diseases. The health-promoting and disease-preventing effects of M. indica are attributed to a number of bioactive phytochemicals, including polyphenols, terpenoids, carotenoid and phytosterols, found in the leaf, bark, edible flesh, peel, and seed. M. indica has been shown to exhibit various biological and pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiobesity, and anticancer effects. There are a few studies conducted that have indicated the nontoxic nature of mango constituents. However, while there are numerous individual studies investigating anticancer effects of various constituents from the mango tree, an up-to-date, comprehensive and critical review of available research data has not been performed according to our knowledge. The purpose of this review is to present a comprehensive and critical evaluation of cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic potential of M. indica and its phytochemicals with special focus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. The bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and safety profile of individual phytocomponents of M. indica as well as current limitations, challenges, and future directions of research have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Mirza
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | | | - Maha Ahmad
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Joshua Pumarol
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Belonia, Tripura, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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de Melo MCA, Gomes HM, Faria NNP, Freitas ER, Watanabe PH, Watanabe GCA, Souza DH, Fernandes DR. Black bone syndrome in broilers fed ethanolic extract of mango seeds. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3229-3236. [PMID: 32475459 PMCID: PMC7597690 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of black bone syndrome (BBS) in broiler chickens fed with ethanolic extract of mango seed (EEMS). A total of 504 one-day-old male broilers were used in a completely randomised design assigned with 7 experimental diets and 6 replicates of 12 broilers per experimental plot. The experimental diets consisted of: diet without addition of synthetic antioxidant; diet with addition of synthetic antioxidant (200 ppm); and 5 levels of EEMS: 200 ppm, 400 ppm, 600 ppm, 800 ppm, and 1,000 ppm. Two methods of cooking (roasted and boiled) were used to prepare thigh samples. According to the results, the diets did not significantly influence the performance of the broilers. BBS incidence was higher in broilers fed a diet without antioxidants and was reduced with EEMS dietary inclusion, with the lowest incidence occurring with the inclusion of 1,000 ppm. The synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene in the diet promoted a significantly higher BBS incidence than that obtained with 800 and 1,000 ppm EEMS and did not differ from the other diets. Of the cooking methods, a higher BBS incidence was observed for the boiled method. For the meat coloration and bone parameters, there were no significant interactions between the factors, diets and cooking methods. There was a linear reduction in the darkening score and linear increase in the luminosity (L∗) of the meat with increasing EEMS in the diet. With regard to the cooking method, the boiled thighs had lower luminosity (L∗), higher parameter a∗, and lower parameter b∗ values because of more pronounced meat darkening. The roasted bones were less heavy, dense, and flexible. A negative correlation was observed between the degree of darkening of the meat that characterizes the BBS with the luminosity (L∗) and intensity of yellow. We concluded that the addition of EEMS contributes to a reduced darkening of meat that characterises the BBS and recommend the dietary inclusion of 1,000-ppm EEMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelle C A de Melo
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Herbenson M Gomes
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Nadja N P Faria
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ednardo R Freitas
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Watanabe
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Germana C A Watanabe
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Davyd H Souza
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Danilo R Fernandes
- Department of Animal Science, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Lwin OM, Giribabu N, Kilari EK, Salleh N. Topical administration of mangiferin promotes healing of the wound of streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type-2 diabetic male rats. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 32:1039-1048. [PMID: 32013660 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1721419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study identifies the potential use of mangiferin gel to promote wound healing in diabetes mellitus (DM).Materials and methods: Male rats were rendered diabetes mellitus via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and nicotinamide. Following diabetes development, wound was created at the back of the neck. 1% and 2% mangiferin gel and 1% silver sulphurdiazine (SS) gel (positive control) were applied to the wound for twenty-one (21) days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were weekly monitored. At the end of the treatment, rats were sacrificed and wound was excised and subjected for histopathological and molecular biological analysis.Results: No changes to serum FBG levels was noted throughout the period of mangiferin treatment. Albeit, a significant decrease in the size of the wound with increased in the skin thickness of surrounding the wound were observed. Increased expression and distribution of EGF, FGF, TGF-β, VEGF, PI3K, MMP and Nrf2 and decreased expression and distribution of TNFα and NF-κB p65 were observed in diabetic wound treated with topical mangiferin.Conclusions: Mangiferin has potential to be used as an agent to promote wound healing in diabetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ohn Mar Lwin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nelli Giribabu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eswar Kumar Kilari
- Pharmacology Division, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Naguib Salleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Micucci M, Bolchi C, Budriesi R, Cevenini M, Maroni L, Capozza S, Chiarini A, Pallavicini M, Angeletti A. Antihypertensive phytocomplexes of proven efficacy and well-established use: Mode of action and individual characterization of the active constituents. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 170:112222. [PMID: 31810054 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension has become the leading risk factor for worldwide cardiovascular diseases. Conventional pharmacological treatment, after both dietary and lifestyle changes, is generally proposed. In this review, we present the antihypertensive properties of phytocomplexes from thirteen plants, long ago widely employed in ethnomedicines and, in recent years, increasingly evaluated for their activity in vitro and in vivo, also in humans, in comparison with synthetic drugs acting on the same systems. Here, we focus on the demonstrated or proposed mechanisms of action of such phytocomplexes and of their constituents proven to exert cardiovascular effects. Almost seventy phytochemicals are described and scientifically sound pertinent literature, published up to now, is summarized. The review emphasizes the therapeutic potential of these natural substances in the treatment of the 'high normal blood pressure' or 'stage 1 hypertension', so-named according to the most recent European and U.S. guidelines, and as a supplementation in more advanced stages of hypertension, however needing further validation by clinical trial intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Micucci
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro, 6, 40126, Italy
| | - C Bolchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - R Budriesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro, 6, 40126, Italy
| | - M Cevenini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Maroni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Capozza
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro, 6, 40126, Italy
| | - A Chiarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro, 6, 40126, Italy
| | - M Pallavicini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - A Angeletti
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, S.Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna Italy
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Diversity of a Large Collection of Natural Populations of Mango (Mangifera indica Linn.) Revealed by Agro-Morphological and Quality Traits. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Collection, characterization and utilization of genetic resources are crucial for developing varieties to meet current and future needs. Although mango is an economically important fruit tree, its genetic resources are still undocumented and are threatened in their natural habits. In this study, the variability of 452 mango accessions from three regions in China (Nujiang, Lancang river and Honghe) was assessed using 41 descriptors including qualitative and quantitative traits, with the aim to identify mango accessions with excellent agronomic and quality traits. To this end, descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed. Based on Shannon–Weaver diversity index, qualitative traits including pericarp color, fruit aroma, flesh color, and fruit flavor recorded the highest variability in the germplasm. Fruit related traits including pulp weight, peel weight, and fruit weight were the most diverse traits in the germplasm with a high coefficient of variation (CV > 40%). Significant differences (MANOVA test, p < 0.000) were observed among the three regions for most of the quantitative traits. Biologically significant and positive correlations were found among agronomically important traits such as fruit weight and pulp weight, fruit weight and edible rate. The hierarchical cluster analysis revealed tree clusters, indicating a low diversity in the germplasm. The majority of the descriptors contributed to the differentiation of the accessions. Accessions with good fruits quality (high fruit weight, pulp weight, and edible rate) were found in Cluster 2. Accessions in this cluster could be used for fruit quality improvement in mango breeding programs. Our study sheds light on the diversity of a large collection of natural mango population in China and provides relevant information for efficient conservation and harnessing of mango genetic resources.
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Amir Rawa MS, Hassan Z, Murugaiyah V, Nogawa T, Wahab HA. Anti-cholinesterase potential of diverse botanical families from Malaysia: Evaluation of crude extracts and fractions from liquid-liquid extraction and acid-base fractionation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 245:112160. [PMID: 31419500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Enhancement of cholinergic functions in the brain via acetylcholinesterase inhibition is one of the main therapeutic strategies to improve symptoms associated with Alzheimer's or related cognitive deficits. There is a pathophysiological correlation between Alzheimer's and Diabetes Mellitus, as well as inflammation and oxidative stress that may cause cognitive decline. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was intended to evaluate anti-cholinesterase potential of 177 Malaysian plant extracts from 148 species known to have related ethnomedicinal uses such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, epilepsy, headache, memory enhancement and anti-aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-cholinesterase screening against both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes was performed on the basis of in-vitro colorimetric 96-well microplate-based assay method. Potent active plant extracts were subjected to liquid-liquid extraction and acid-base fractionation for further analysis. RESULTS Fifty-seven plant extracts exhibited potent anti-cholinesterase activities (50-100% inhibition) at 200 μg/ml. Majority of the active plants originated from Fabaceae family. Coccoloba uvifera (L.) L. stem extract manifested the lowest IC50 of 3.78 μg/ml for AChE and 5.94 μg/ml for BChE. A few native species including Tetracera indica (Christm. & Panz.) Merr., Cyrtostachys renda Blume and Ixora javanica (Blume) DC. showed cholinesterase inhibition despite limited local medical applications. Further anti-AChE evaluation (50 μg/ml) of 18 potent plant extracts harbored active polar components in butanol and water fractions, except Senna pendula (Willd.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby (leaves and stems), Acacia auriculiformis Benth. (leaves), Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F.A.Zorn) Fosberg (leaves), and Macaranga tanarius (L.) Mull.Arg. (leaves) that showed inhibitory activity in less polar fractions. The acidic extraction of these four plant species improved their inhibition level against AChE. CONCLUSION This study rendered a preliminary overview of anti-cholinesterase activity from diverse Malaysian botanical families in which provided the medical relevance toward these native plant species, especially ones with limited ethnobotanical record or practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Syahfriena Amir Rawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia; Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; USM-RIKEN Centre for Aging Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Zurina Hassan
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Vikneswaran Murugaiyah
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Toshihiko Nogawa
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; USM-RIKEN Centre for Aging Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Habibah A Wahab
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia; USM-RIKEN Centre for Aging Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
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Saputri R, Melati TMR, Fitriyanti F. Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract from Tandui Leaves (Mangifera rufocostata Kosterm.) by DPPH Radical Scavenging Method. BORNEO JOURNAL OF PHARMACY 2019. [DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v2i2.1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tandui (Mangifera rufocostata Kosterm.) is a typical plant from South Kalimantan which belongs to the genus of Mangifera. Several species of Mangifera are known to have antioxidant activity. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Tandui leaves. Tandui leaves that were obtained from the maceration method used 70% ethanol. Antioxidant activity was conducted quantitative using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil) method. The result of the antioxidant activity of Ethanol extract of Tandui leaves quantitatively obtained IC50 value was 60.7042 �g/mL. The ethanol extract of Tandui leaves has strong antioxidant activity
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Villas Boas GR, Rodrigues Lemos JM, de Oliveira MW, Dos Santos RC, Stefanello da Silveira AP, Bacha FB, Aguero Ito CN, Cornelius EB, Lima FB, Sachilarid Rodrigues AM, Costa NB, Bittencourt FF, Freitas de Lima F, Paes MM, Gubert P, Oesterreich SA. Preclinical safety evaluation of the aqueous extract from Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae): genotoxic, clastogenic and cytotoxic assessment in experimental models of genotoxicity in rats to predict potential human risks. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 243:112086. [PMID: 31310830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal plants widely used by the population contain significant concentrations of biologically active compounds and, although they have proven pharmacological properties, can cause DNA damage and develop fatal diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic, cytotoxic potential and clastogenic effects of the aqueous extract from Mangifera indica leaves (EAMI) on rats submitted to experimental genotoxicity models and through the SMART test performed in Drosophila melanogaster. MATERIAL AND METHODS The comet assay and the micronucleus test were performed on peripheral and bone marrow blood, respectively, of Wistar rats, orally treated with EAMI at doses of 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/bw for 28 days. In the SMART test, the standard cross between three mutant D. melanogaster strains was used. Larvae were treated with EAMI at different concentrations, and the wings of adult flies were evaluated for the presence/frequency of mutant spots and compared to the negative control group. RESULTS Phytochemical analysis of EAMI indicated high levels of flavonoids. The tests performed in rats showed that EAMI did not present significant genotoxic or clastogenic effects. The results showed a critical dose-dependent cytoprotective effect exerted by EAMI. This result was attributed to the high content of polyphenols and flavonoids. The biotransformation metabolites of EAMI did not present genotoxic activity, as demonstrated by the SMART test. CONCLUSIONS These results are relevant since they provide safety information about a plant species of great therapeutic, economical, nutritious and ethnopharmacological value for the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Roberto Villas Boas
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Rafael Claudino Dos Santos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | | | - Flávia Barbieri Bacha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Center of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Caren Naomi Aguero Ito
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Center of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | | | - Fernanda Brioli Lima
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Center of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | | | - Nathália Belmal Costa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Center of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | | | - Fernando Freitas de Lima
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Marina Meirelles Paes
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Gubert
- Research Group on Development of Pharmaceutical Products (P&DProFar), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil.
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Ramezanzadeh M, Bahlakeh G, Ramezanzadeh B. Study of the synergistic effect of Mangifera indica leaves extract and zinc ions on the mild steel corrosion inhibition in simulated seawater: Computational and electrochemical studies. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Exploring Antimalarial Herbal Plants across Communities in Uganda Based on Electronic Data. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:3057180. [PMID: 31636682 PMCID: PMC6766105 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3057180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is one of the most rampant diseases today not only in Uganda but also throughout Africa. Hence, it needs very close attention as it can be severe, causing many deaths, especially due to the rising prevalence of pathogenic resistance to current antimalarial drugs. The majority of the Ugandan population relies on traditional herbal medicines for various health issues. Thus, herein, we review various plant resources used to treat malaria across communities in Uganda so as to provide comprehensive and valuable ethnobotanical data about these plants. Approximately 182 plant species from 63 different plant families are used for malaria treatment across several communities in Uganda, of which 112 plant species have been investigated for antimalarial activities and 96% of the plant species showing positive results. Some plants showed very strong antimalarial activities and could be investigated further for the identification and validation of potentially therapeutic antimalarial compounds. There is no record of an investigation of antimalarial activity for approximately 39% of the plant species used for malaria treatment, yet these plants could be potential sources for potent antimalarial remedies. Thus, the review provides guidance for areas of further research on potential plant resources that could be sources of compounds with therapeutic properties for the treatment of malaria. Some of the plants were investigated for antimalarial activities, and their efficacy, toxicity, and safety aspects still need to be studied.
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A Toxicological Evaluation of Mango Leaf Extract ( Mangifera indica) Containing 60% Mangiferin. J Toxicol 2019; 2019:4763015. [PMID: 31467524 PMCID: PMC6699309 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4763015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A battery of OECD- and GLP-compliant toxicological studies was performed on mango leaf extract (Mangifera indica) containing 60% mangiferin (MLE). No evidence of genotoxicity was found in a bacterial reverse mutation test (Ames). While evidence of clastogenic activity was noted in an in vitro chromosomal aberration test, an in vivo mammalian micronucleus test showed no findings up to the limit dose (2000 mg/kg bw). A 90-day repeated dose oral toxicity study was conducted in rats using doses of 0 (vehicle control), 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg bw/day. Based on the lack of mortality or toxic effects in the 90-day study, the NOAEL for MLE in Han:Wist male and female rats was determined to be 2000 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.
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Akintunde J, Obisesan O, Akinsete S, Adegoke A. Diet from Mantisa religiosa-egg case abolishes pulmonary dysfunctions triggered by sub-acute exposure to aerosolized-petroleum hydrocarbons in rat model. CLINICAL NUTRITION EXPERIMENTAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gumisiriza H, Birungi G, Olet EA, Sesaazi CD. Medicinal plant species used by local communities around Queen Elizabeth National Park, Maramagambo Central Forest Reserve and Ihimbo Central Forest Reserve, South western Uganda. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 239:111926. [PMID: 31067488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The application of ethnobotanical indigenous knowledge is very important in improving primary healthcare systems among the local communities living around and within protected areas in South Western Uganda. In this area, there are biodiversity endowed Queen Elizabeth National Park (QENP), Maramagambo Central Forest Reserve (MCFR) and Ihimbo Central Forest Reserve (ICFR). Despite the rich floral diversity and cultural heritage, there is no published documentation on the use of medicinal plants in this area. This information can be used as a basis for the selection of medicinal plants for further phytochemical and pharmacological studies. STUDY AIM This study identified and documented the use of medicinal plants, plant parts used, and mode of preparation and administration by the local communities living around and within QENP, MCFR and ICFR. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was used to collect data from 202 informants using semi-structured questionnaires, open interviews and field visits. Ethnobotanical data was analyzed using use reports (UR), frequency of citation (FC) and Informant Consensus Factor (FIC). The plants species were identified by botanists and voucher specimens were deposited. RESULTS A total of 302 medicinal plant species were mentioned by informants, out of which only 211 species belonging to 65 families and 165 genera were collected, identified and documented. The remaining 91 species were not available for collection and informants stated that they had become very rare within the study area. Herbs (35.8%) were the main source of herbal medicine. Leaves (60.4%) were the most commonly used plant parts used in the preparation of herbal remedies. Most of the medicinal plants were harvested from the wild, either growing in abundance (41%) or as rare species (21%). The most common mode of administration was oral, while other exceptional modes such as touching with bare hands and sweeping over the affected part were reported for the first time. The medicinal plant species were reported to treat 134 physical ailments, which were grouped into 16 ICPC-2 disease categories. Digestive disorders (854 UR) and general and unspecified disorders (507) scored the highest FIC value of 0.83. The highest number of medicinal plants (146 plant species) was used for treatment of digestive disorders. Among the species with higher use reports, Gouania longispicata had the highest frequency of citation (FC = 174) and was mentioned to be used to treat 41 physical ailments. The most important ailment treated by Gouania longispicata was allergy with 102 use reports. CONCLUSIONS A variety of medicinal plants are used by communities living near protected areas in South Western Uganda. Most species were used in the treatment of digestive disorders, followed by general and unspecified disorders. Much as allergy has not been identified as a major threat by the health sector in Uganda, the study found out that it is one of the prevalent ailments in the study area. While the therapeutic value of some of the documented medicinal plant species, especially those with higher frequency of citation have been scientifically validated, the efficacy and safety of other species with wide application need to be investigated. In this study, we recommend further scientific studies on Gouania longispicata to validate its wide usage in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannington Gumisiriza
- Department of Chemistry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P. O Box, 1410, Mbarara, Uganda.
| | - Grace Birungi
- Department of Chemistry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P. O Box, 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Eunice Apio Olet
- Department of Biology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P. O Box, 1410, Uganda
| | - Crispin Duncan Sesaazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P. O Box, 1410, Uganda
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Dechsupa N, Kantapan J, Tungjai M, Intorasoot S. Maprang " Bouea macrophylla Griffith" seeds: proximate composition, HPLC fingerprint, and antioxidation, anticancer and antimicrobial properties of ethanolic seed extracts. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02052. [PMID: 31338468 PMCID: PMC6625972 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the Maprang (Bouea macrophylla Griffith) seeds of 3 Thai varieties of this plant were studied in terms of nutrition, phytochemicals, chemical antioxidants and the bioactivity of their extracts. Maprang seeds revealed high levels of carbohydrates, dietary fiber, energy, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium. The Maprang seed extracts possessed a high polyphenolic content and exhibited antioxidant properties against DPPH˙, ABTS˙+, and ferric reduction. Additionally, 18-compounds were charaterized by RP-HPLC-DAD with two being recognized as gallic acid and ellagic acid and 16-unknown gallotannins. The HPLC fingerprint was composed of 4 major compounds. The extract showed active growth inhibition against leukemia, lung cancer cell lines and for 15 strains of bacteria. It is known to be particularly effective in drug resistant cells. Our results indicated that maprang seeds are a new natural source of nutrition, minerals and phytochemicals that may be applicable for use as a food supplement and as an effective drug in the treatment of certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathupakorn Dechsupa
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Rd., Sripoom, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Kantapan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Rd., Sripoom, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Montree Tungjai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Rd., Sripoom, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sorasak Intorasoot
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Rd., Sripoom, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
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Zhang Y, Chen Q, Liu MY, Ruan JY, Yu HY, Li J, Wang T. Effects of Benzophenones from Mango Leaves on Lipid Metabolism. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:634-639. [PMID: 31257318 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mango tree (Mangifera indica L.) is a tropical, perennial, woody evergreen plant belonging to the Anacardiaceae. In traditional medicine, dried mango tree leaves were considered useful in treating diabetes and respiratory infections. In this paper, we review the phytochemical research on mango leaves and the mechanisms of benzophenones in lipid metabolism regulation. Thirty-six benzophenones have been isolated from mango leaves; among them, mangiferin is the major compound. Structure-activity relationships of benzophenones in lipid accumulation and the mechanisms of action of mangiferin in lipid metabolism are summarized. After oral administration, mangiferin is partly converted to its active metabolite, northyariol, which contributes to the activation of sirtuin-1 and liver kinase B1 and increases the intracellular AMP level and AMP/adenosine triphosphate ratio, followed by AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, leading to increased phosphorylation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c. Current evidence supports ethnopharmacological uses of mango leaves in diabetes and points toward potential future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Qian Chen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Meng-Yang Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jing-Ya Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education
| | - Hai-Yang Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jian Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Chirayath RB, A. AV, Jayakumar R, Biswas R, Vijayachandran LS. Development of Mangifera indica leaf extract incorporated carbopol hydrogel and its antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 178:377-384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Abstract
Diabetes is a major metabolic disorder whose prevalence is increasing daily. Medicinal plants have played an important role in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes via prophylactic and therapeutic management. In this study, Mangifera Indica leaf (MIL) extract was investigated for its promising anti-diabetic activity via an in vitro model. It was found that MIL extract possessed significant inhibition on alpha-amylase activity up to (51.4 ± 2.7)% at a concentration of 200 µg/mL. Moreover, glucose adsorption capacity of MIL was identified at (2.7 ± 0.19) mM glucose/g extract. Furthermore, the extract caused a significant increase in glucose uptake up to (143 ± 9.3)% in LO-2 liver cells. Notably, MIL extract was effective in scavenging (63.3 ± 2.1)% 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and (71.6 ± 4.3)% 2,2-azinobis-3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)+ radicals and inhibiting (66 ± 4.9)% NO production from RAW264.7 cells without any cytotoxicity effects. Accordingly, M. indica leaves are suggested as a promising material for development of hypoglycemic products.
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Mehwish S, Islam A, Ullah I, Wakeel A, Qasim M, Khan MA, Ahmad A, Ullah N. In vitro antileishmanial and antioxidant potential, cytotoxicity evaluation and phytochemical analysis of extracts from selected medicinally important plants. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Antiviral Activity of Mangifera Extract on Influenza Virus Cultivated in Different Cell Cultures. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ayatollahi A, Rahmati J, Salimi A, Pourahmad J. A Comparison of Cytotoxic Effects of Mangifera Indica L. and Juglans RegiaAqueous Extract on Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2019; 18:1843-1853. [PMID: 32184851 PMCID: PMC7059048 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.111977.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Natural products isolated from plant sources are well known for their pharmacological potential in diversity of disease treatments such as inflammatory or cancer conditions. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and Juglans regia are thought to be rich of functional phytochemicals. To clarify the anticancer activity, aqueous extracts of Juglans regia (JR) nut and Mangifera indica L (MI) fruit were exanimated on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B lymphocytes and their mitochondria and the results were compared with those of normal B lymphocytes. Cellular parameters such as viability and caspase 3 activity, and mitochondrial parameters such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial swelling, and cytochrome c release were evaluated. Our results demonstrated that the extract of Mangifera indica L increased cytotoxicity and caspase 3 activation through mitochondria pathway only in CLL B lymphocytes and also the extract of Juglans regia did not show cytotoxicity and caspase 3 activation on CLL and healthy B lymphocytes. Our in-vitro findings on isolated mitochondria indicated that mitochondrial ROS formation, MMP collapse, and mitochondrial swelling and cytochrome c release were significantly (p < 0.05) increased after addition of Mangifera indica only in cancerous mitochondria. These results demonstrated that Mangifera indica can act as a promising source for anti-cancer drug candidates by directly and selectively targeting mitochondria and inducing selective mitochondria mediated apoptosis on CLL B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollmajid Ayatollahi
- School of Pharmacy, Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jalil Rahmati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Salimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Lizárraga-Velázquez CE, Hernández C, González-Aguilar GA, Heredia JB. Effect of hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidants from mango peel (Mangifera indica L. cv. Ataulfo) on lipid peroxidation in fish oil. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2018.1513425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Crisantema Hernández
- Department of Aquaculture and Environmental Management, Food Research and Development Center A.C, Mazatlán, México
| | | | - José Basilio Heredia
- Department of Agricultural Technology of Tropical and Subtropical Products, Food Research and Development Center A.C, Culiacán, México
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Rao P, Rathod V. Valorization of Food and Agricultural Waste: A Step towards Greener Future. CHEM REC 2018; 19:1858-1871. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Rao
- Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology N.M Parekh MargNear Khalsa College, Matunga Mumbai 400019
| | - Virendra Rathod
- Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology N.M Parekh MargNear Khalsa College, Matunga Mumbai 400019
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80
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Hoyos-Arbeláez J, Blandón-Naranjo L, Vázquez M, Contreras-Calderón J. Antioxidant capacity of mango fruit (Mangifera indica). An electrochemical study as an approach to the spectrophotometric methods. Food Chem 2018; 266:435-440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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81
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Abstract
Mango trees are evergreen plants that are present all around Mauritius. In this study, mango leaves, Mangifera indica grown in Mauritius were investigated for their nutritional values involving proximate composition, total flavonoid (TFC), total phenolic (TPC), and mineral content, and phytochemicals as well as its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The ash, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL) of the mango leaves were found to be 12.61, 3.92, 35.32, 34.98, and 12.86%, respectively. The calcium content (2.15%) was above the normal required range, while the phosphorus content (0.12%) and crude protein content (13.60%) were within the normal required range of common fodders. The phytochemical results showed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, and flavonoids in the crude, EtOAC, and MeOH extracts. The values of TPC and TFC were higher for the EtOAC extract compared to the MeOH extract. Several secondary metabolites were identified from the leaves of the Mangifera indica which include 11 phenols, 4 xanthones, 9 flavanols, 10 benzophenones, 7 terpenoids, and 4 derivatives of gallotannins using UPLC-MS/MS. The presence of these metabolites is responsible for good antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Hence, mango leaves can be exploited for its potential use as a supplementary fodder for ruminants.
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82
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Kemegne GA, Nyegue MA, Kamdem SLS, Etoa FX, Menut C. Mangifera indica Bark Essential Oil: Chemical Composition and Biological Activities in Comparison with Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnobotanic surveys have revealed the use of Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae) bark for the treatment of infectious diarrhea. The essential oil of M. indica bark is described for the first time for its chemical composition, radical scavenging activity (DPPH method) and antimicrobial properties. The total phenols content of its water and ethanol bark extracts as well as their radical scavenging and antimicrobial properties were also evaluated. Four commercial plant extracts were also studied for a comparison purpose. The antimicrobial activities were measured for all samples against three Gram (-): Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Shigella and two Gram (+): Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus bacteria. The M. indica bark essential oil was characterized by the association of two major sesquiterpenes: ( E)-β-caryophyllene (60.3%) and α-humulene (36.7%). It presented the lowest ratio of concentration to inhibition zone diameter on all the strains. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of M. indica bark were characterized by high contents of total phenols compounds and high radical scavenging activity compared to the essential oil. Finally, the interesting combination of the antibacterial and antiradical activities of the aqueous M. indica bark extract justifies the traditional use of this plant part in decoction form for the treatment of diarrheal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Aurelie Kemegne
- Department of Microbiology, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon PO Box 812
- Equipe glyco et nanovecteurs pour le ciblage thérapeutique, Université de Montpellier, IBMM-UMR 5247 CNRS-UM. 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, FR-34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Maximilienne Ascension Nyegue
- Department of Microbiology, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon PO Box 812
- Equipe glyco et nanovecteurs pour le ciblage thérapeutique, Université de Montpellier, IBMM-UMR 5247 CNRS-UM. 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, FR-34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | - François-Xavier Etoa
- Department of Microbiology, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon PO Box 812
| | - Chantal Menut
- Equipe glyco et nanovecteurs pour le ciblage thérapeutique, Université de Montpellier, IBMM-UMR 5247 CNRS-UM. 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, FR-34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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83
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Vimalraj S, Ashokkumar T, Saravanan S. Biogenic gold nanoparticles synthesis mediated by Mangifera indica seed aqueous extracts exhibits antibacterial, anticancer and anti-angiogenic properties. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:440-448. [PMID: 29879628 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last few decades, gold nanoparticles (AuNP's) have gained considerable attention in nanomedicine and expanded its application in clinical diagnosis and as therapeutics. Employing plant extract for synthesising gold nanoparticles proves to be an eco-friendly technology for large scale production. It is highly economical and suitable for biological applications by negating the use of chemicals involved in conventional route. In this study, AuNP's was prepared by a simple one step method of employing aqueous Mangifera indica seed extract as a reducing agent. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed spherical shaped nanoparticles and dynamic light scattering analysis indicated the AuNP's to be approximately 46.8 nm in size. AuNP's efficiently inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. aureus by its inherent ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exhibited detrimental effects towards the tested bacterial species. Biocompatibility assessment indicated the non-toxic nature of AuNP's towards mesenchymal stem cells at 25 μg/ml and interestingly, suppressed the growth of human gastric cancer cells under in vitro culture conditions. AuNP's significantly exhibited anti-angiogenic property in chick chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM) by downregulating Ang-1/Tie2 pathway. Overall, the synthesized AuNP's exhibited antibacterial and anti-angiogenic properties with high biocompatibility thereby supporting its candidature for various biomedical applications. It can be employed in suppressing tumor growth, combat inflammatory diseases that necessitate the involvement of angiogenesis suppression, and antibacterial activity is suitable for its clinical translation to negate surgery associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Vimalraj
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Sekaran Saravanan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613 401, India.
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84
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Venancio VP, Kim H, Sirven MA, Tekwe CD, Honvoh G, Talcott ST, Mertens-Talcott SU. Polyphenol-rich Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Ameliorate Functional Constipation Symptoms in Humans beyond Equivalent Amount of Fiber. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1701034. [PMID: 29733520 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201701034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Chronic constipation is a common gastrointestinal condition associated with intestinal inflammation and considerably impaired quality of life, affecting about 20% of Americans. Dietary fiber and laxatives aid in its treatment but do not fully address all symptoms, such as intestinal inflammation. Mango (Mangifera indica L.), a fiber- and polyphenol-rich fruit may provide anti-inflammatory effects in constipation. METHODS AND RESULTS The 4 week consumption of mango fruit (300 g) or the equivalent amount of fiber is investigated in otherwise healthy human volunteers with chronic constipation who are randomly assigned to either group. Blood and fecal samples and digestive wellness questionnaires are collected at the beginning and end of the study. Results show that mango consumption significantly improve constipation status (stool frequency, consistency, and shape) and increase gastrin levels and fecal concentrations of short chain fatty acid (valeric acid) while lowering endotoxin and interleukin 6 concentrations in plasma. CONCLUSION In this pilot study, the consumption of mango improves symptoms and associated biomarkers of constipation beyond an equivalent amount of fiber. Larger follow-up studies would need to investigate biomarkers for intestinal inflammation in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius P Venancio
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Hyemee Kim
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Maritza A Sirven
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Carmen D Tekwe
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Gilson Honvoh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Stephen T Talcott
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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85
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Poomanee W, Chaiyana W, Mueller M, Viernstein H, Khunkitti W, Leelapornpisid P. In-vitro investigation of anti-acne properties of Mangifera indica L. kernel extract and its mechanism of action against Propionibacterium acnes. Anaerobe 2018; 52:64-74. [PMID: 29906773 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Propionibacterium acnes has been recognized as a main target for medical treatment of acne since this bacterium promotes acne inflammation by inducing upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines production, resulting in an accumulation of neutrophils and oxygen-free radicals produced by neutrophils within acne lesion. The aims of this study were to evaluate the biological activities of Mangifera indica kernel extracts grown in Northern Thailand (Kaew-Moragot cultivar), related to anti-acne properties including antimicrobial effect against acne-inducing bacteria together with the first elucidation of the mechanism of action against Propionibacterium acnes, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammation. The kernels of M. indica, obtained from raw and ripe fruits, were macerated using various solvents. Agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods were performed to investigate the antibacterial activities of the extracts against P. acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The ethanolic fractions exhibited the strongest antimicrobial effect against P. acnes with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of 1.56 mg/mL and 12.50 mg/mL, respectively. Bactericidal effect against P. acnes of these extracts could be observed after 3 h of incubation from time-kill curve. The chromatograms of high-performance liquid chromatography showed that the extracts existed gallic acid with high total phenolic content. These extracts additionally showed strong free radical scavenging properties on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) as well as a notable inhibitory effect on linoleic acid peroxidation, which highly correlated to their antimicrobial effect, total phenolic, and gallic acid contents. The images, studied through using transmission electron microscopy, revealed that the extract certainly disrupted P. acnes cell membrane after exposure for 1 h as well as induced the consequent leakage of cytoplasmic materials. The inhibitory effects of the extracts on IL-8 secretion from LPS-inducing RAW 264.7 cells were also presented. In conclusion, the kernel extracts of raw M. indica fruit were effective against aerobic and anaerobic acne-inducing bacteria particularly P. acnes and exerted antioxidant along with anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, the extracts might be potential agents for inflammatory acne treatment. However, clinical study is needed for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worrapan Poomanee
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Wantida Chaiyana
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Monika Mueller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Helmut Viernstein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Watcharee Khunkitti
- The Biofilm Research Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Pimporn Leelapornpisid
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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86
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Plant dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors as antidiabetic agents: a brief review. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:1229-1239. [PMID: 29749760 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is an increasing public health problem in the world. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes whose complications contribute to its high death rate. It seriously impacts healthcare systems and patients' quality of life. Therefore, effective measures and new treatment strategies are needed to solve this increasingly serious global problem. In recent years, inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) has emerged as a new treatment option for Type 2 diabetes. This article reviews various plant DPP-IV inhibitors that showed inhibition toward enzyme as a major target for the management of Type 2 diabetes. These studies can contribute to the future development of DPP-IV inhibitors as drugs.
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87
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Bodiba DC, Prasad P, Srivastava A, Crampton B, Lall NS. Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta indica, Pongamia pinnata, Psidium guajava, and Mangifera indica and their mechanism of action against Streptococcus mutans. Pharmacogn Mag 2018; 14:76-80. [PMID: 29576705 PMCID: PMC5858246 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_102_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Curative plants have reportedly been used to make chewing sticks/toothbrushes intended for the treatment of oral diseases. Objective: The in vitro antibacterial activities of Azadirachta indica, Pongamia pinnata, Psidium guajava, and Mangifera indica were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans, along with the cytotoxicity and antioxidant and synergistic potentials. The effect of M. indica on the expression of crucial virulence genes spaP and gtfB of S. mutans was determined. Materials and Methods: The antibacterial activity was determined using a modified microdilution method. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Griess reagent, and nitroblue tetrazolium calorimetric assays. The synergistic activity was investigated using a modified checkerboard method, while the cytotoxicity was determined according to a cell proliferation 2,3-Bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide salt assay. Reverse transcription was the chosen method for determining the difference in expression of the spaP and gtfB genes after treatment with the plant sample. Results: M. indica and A. indica had the highest antibacterial activity at concentrations of 0.3 mg/ml and 6.25 mg/ml, respectively. A. indica had the best free radical scavenging of DPPH, exhibiting 50% inhibition at 28.72 μg/ml; while M. indica showed better superoxide scavenging potential than the positive control quercetin. Both M. indica and A. indica had adequate activity against the nitric oxide-free radical (12.87 and 18.89 μg/ml, respectively). M. indica selectively reduced the expression of the gtfB gene, indicating a mechanism involving Glucotranferases, specifically targeting bacterial attachment. SUMMARY Mangifera indica and Azadirachta indica had very good antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and moderate toxicity against Vero cells M. indica had the best antioxidant capacity overall M. indica reduced the expression of gtfB gene at 0.5 mg/ml.
Abbreviations used: AA: Ascorbic acid; BHI: Brain–heart infusion; CHX: Chlorhexidine; DPPH: Diphenyl picrylhydrazyl; DMSO: Dimethlysulfoxide; NBT: Nitroblue tetrazolium; NO: Nitric oxide;
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Affiliation(s)
- Dikonketso Cathrine Bodiba
- Department of Integrated Plant and Soil Sciences (Medicinal Plant Sciences), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Preety Prasad
- Department of Integrated Plant and Soil Sciences (Medicinal Plant Sciences), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Botany, St. Xavier's College, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ajay Srivastava
- Department of Integrated Plant and Soil Sciences (Medicinal Plant Sciences), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Botany, St. Xavier's College, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Brigdet Crampton
- Department of Integrated Plant and Soil Sciences (Medicinal Plant Sciences), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Namrita Sharan Lall
- Department of Integrated Plant and Soil Sciences (Medicinal Plant Sciences), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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88
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Burton-Freeman BM, Sandhu AK, Edirisinghe I. Mangos and their bioactive components: adding variety to the fruit plate for health. Food Funct 2018; 8:3010-3032. [PMID: 28612853 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00190h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The diet is an essential factor affecting the risk for development and progression of modern day chronic diseases, particularly those with pathophysiological roots in inflammation and oxidative stress-induced damage. The potential impact of certain foods and their bioactive compounds to reverse or prevent destructive dysregulated processes leading to disease has attracted intense research attention. The mango (Mangifera indica Linn.) is a tropical fruit with distinctive nutritional and phytochemical composition. Notably, the mango contains several essential water- and lipid-soluble micronutrients along with the distinguishing phytochemicals gallotannins and mangiferin. In vitro and in vivo studies reveal various mechanisms through which mangos or their associated compounds reduce risk or reverse metabolic- and inflammation-associated diseases. Health benefits of isolated individual mango compounds and extracts from mango by-products are well described in the literature with less attention devoted to the whole fruit. Here, we review and summarize the available literature assessing the health promoting potential of mango flesh, the edible portion contributing to dietary fruit intake, focusing specifically on modern day health issues of obesity and the risk factors and diseases it precipitates, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, this review explores new insights on the benefits of mango for brain, skin and intestinal health. Overall, the foundation of research supporting the potential role of mangos in reducing risk for inflammation- and metabolically-based chronic diseases is growing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt M Burton-Freeman
- Center for Nutrition Research, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, IL, USA.
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89
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Ediriweera MK, Tennekoon KH, Samarakoon SR. A Review on Ethnopharmacological Applications, Pharmacological Activities, and Bioactive Compounds of Mangifera indica (Mango). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:6949835. [PMID: 29456572 PMCID: PMC5804368 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6949835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mangifera indica (family Anacardiaceae), commonly known as mango, is a pharmacologically, ethnomedically, and phytochemically diverse plant. Various parts of M. indica tree have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of different ailments, and a number of bioactive phytochemical constituents of M. indica have been reported, namely, polyphenols, terpenes, sterols, carotenoids, vitamins, and amino acids, and so forth. Several studies have proven the pharmacological potential of different parts of mango trees such as leaves, bark, fruit peel and flesh, roots, and flowers as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antiplasmodial, and antihyperlipemic. In the present review, a comprehensive study on ethnopharmacological applications, pharmacological activities, and bioactive compounds of M. indica has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meran Keshawa Ediriweera
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90 Cumaratunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Kamani Hemamala Tennekoon
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90 Cumaratunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Sameera Ranganath Samarakoon
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90 Cumaratunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
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90
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Samarth RM, Samarth M, Matsumoto Y. Medicinally important aromatic plants with radioprotective activity. Future Sci OA 2017; 3:FSO247. [PMID: 29134131 PMCID: PMC5674267 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatic plants are often used as natural medicines because of their remedial and inherent pharmacological properties. Looking into natural resources, particularly products of plant origin, has become an exciting area of research in drug discovery and development. Aromatic plants are mainly exploited for essential oil extraction for applications in industries, for example, in cosmetics, flavoring and fragrance, spices, pesticides, repellents and herbal beverages. Although several medicinal plants have been studied to treat various conventional ailments only a handful studies are available on aromatic plants, especially for radioprotection. Many plant extracts have been reported to contain antioxidants that scavenge free radicals produced due to radiation exposure, thus imparting radioprotective efficacy. The present review focuses on a subset of medicinally important aromatic plants with radioprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra M Samarth
- Department of Research, Bhopal Memorial Hospital & Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Government of India, Raisen Bypass Road, Bhopal 462038, India
- ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Kamla Nehru Hospital Building, GMC Campus, Bhopal 462001, India
| | - Meenakshi Samarth
- Faculty of Science, RKDF University, Airport Bypass Road, Gandhi Nagar, Bhopal 462033, India
| | - Yoshihisa Matsumoto
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Institute of Innovative Research, Laboratory for Advanced Nuclear Energy, N1–30 2–12–1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152–8550, Japan
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91
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Singh RK, Chaurasia AK, Bari R, Sane VA. Tocopherol levels in different mango varieties correlate with MiHPPD expression and its over-expression elevates tocopherols in transgenic Arabidopsis and tomato. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:352. [PMID: 29062673 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0991-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mango fruit tocopherol levels vary in different varieties during ripening. This study shows that tocopherol accumulation is highly correlated with its p-hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase (MiHPPD) gene expression during ripening. MiHPPD transcript is ethylene induced and differentially expressed in four mango varieties used in this study. Higher/lower accumulation of tocopherol (mainly α-tocopherol) was achieved by heterologous expression of MiHPPD in Arabidopsis and tomato. The results suggest that tocopherol accumulation in mango fruit is correlated to MiHPPD gene expression. Over-expression of MiHPPD gene channelizes the flux towards tocophreol biosynthesis and could be used as a potential tool for metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Singh
- Plant Gene Expression Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Present Address: Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, SLU, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Akhilesh K Chaurasia
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, Jain R&D Lab, Agri Park, Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., Jain Hills, Shirsoli Road, Jalgaon, 425001 India
| | - Rupesh Bari
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, Jain R&D Lab, Agri Park, Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., Jain Hills, Shirsoli Road, Jalgaon, 425001 India
| | - Vidhu A Sane
- Plant Gene Expression Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
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92
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Qayyum S, Oves M, Khan AU. Obliteration of bacterial growth and biofilm through ROS generation by facilely synthesized green silver nanoparticles. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181363. [PMID: 28771501 PMCID: PMC5542591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangifera indica inflorescence aqueous extract was utilized for production of green AgNPs. Synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, XRD, TEM, FESEM and particles size analyzer. AgNPs showed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 8 μg ml-1 and 16 μg ml-1 for Gram negative (K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and E. coli) and Gram positive (S. mutans and S. aureus) strains, respectively which was relatively quite low compared to chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles. AgNPs inhibited 80% and 75% biofilms of E. coli and S. mutans respectively as observed quantitatively by crystal violet assay. Qualitative biofilm inhibition was observed using SEM and CLSM. AgNPs adsorbed catheter also resisted the growth of biofilm on its surface displaying its possible future applications. AgNPs interaction with bacteria lead to bacterial membrane damage as observed by SEM and TEM. The membrane damage was confirmed by detecting leakage of proteins and reducing sugars from treated bacterial cells. AgNPs generated ROS on interaction with bacterial cells and this ROS production can be one of the possible reasons for their action. AgNPs exhibited no toxic effect on the cell viability of HeLa cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariq Qayyum
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohammad Oves
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asad U. Khan
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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93
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Bhatt L, Joshi V. Mangifera indica L. leaf extract alleviates doxorubicin induced cardiac stress. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2017; 6:284-289. [PMID: 28894627 PMCID: PMC5580954 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20170701075019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study was undertaken to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of the alcoholic leaf extract of Mangifera indica L. against cardiac stress caused by doxorubicin (DOX). MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were treated with 100 mg/kg of M. indica leaf extract (MILE) in alone and interactive groups for 21 days. Apart from the normal and MILE control groups, all the groups were subjected to DOX (15 mg/kg, i.p.) toxicity for 21 days and effects of different treatments were analyzed by changes in serum biomarkers, tissue antioxidant levels, electrocardiographic parameters, lipid profile, and histopathological evaluation. RESULTS The MILE treated group showed decrease in serum biomarker enzyme levels and increase in tissue antioxidants levels. Compared to DOX control group, MILE treated animals showed improvement in lipid profile, electrocardiographic parameters, histological score, and mortality. CONCLUSION These findings clearly suggest the protective role of alcoholic leaf extract of M. indica against oxidative stress induced by DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxit Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, Shree Devi College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zydus Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Viraj Joshi
- Department of Quality Assurance, Shree Devi College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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94
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Brandão GC, Kroon EG, Souza Filho JD, Oliveira AB. Antiviral Activity of Fridericia formosa (Bureau) L. G. Lohmann (Bignoniaceae) Extracts and Constituents. J Trop Med 2017; 2017:6106959. [PMID: 28634494 PMCID: PMC5467316 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6106959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A phytochemical study of Fridericia formosa (Bignoniaceae) ethanol extracts of leaves, stems, and fruits was guided by in vitro assays against vaccinia virus Western Reserve (VACV-WR), human herpes virus 1 (HSV-1), murine encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), and dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) by the MTT method. All the ethanol extracts were active against DENV-2, HSV-1, and VACV-WR with best results for the fruits extract against DENV-2 (SI > 38.2). For VACV-WR and HSV-1, EC50 values > 200 μg mL-1 were determined, while no inhibition of the cytopathic effect was observed with EMCV. Five compounds were isolated and identified as the C-glucosylxanthones mangiferin (1), 2'-O-trans-caffeoylmangiferin (2), 2'-O-trans-coumaroylmangiferin (3), 2'-O-trans-cinnamoylmangiferin (5), and the flavonoid chrysin (4). The most active compound was 2'-O-trans-coumaroylmangiferin (3) with SI > 121.9 against DENV-2 and 108.7 for HSV-1. These results indicate that mangiferin cinnamoyl esters might be potential antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldo Célio Brandão
- Departamento de Farmácia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35.400-000 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Erna G. Kroon
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - José D. Souza Filho
- Departamento de Química, ICEX, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alaíde Braga Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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95
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Naveen P, Lingaraju HB, Prasad KS. Rapid Development and Validation of Improved Reversed-Phase High-performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Quantification of Mangiferin, a Polyphenol Xanthone Glycoside in Mangifera indica. Pharmacognosy Res 2017; 9:215-219. [PMID: 28539748 PMCID: PMC5424565 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.204652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin, a polyphenolic xanthone glycoside from Mangifera indica, is used as traditional medicine for the treatment of numerous diseases. The present study was aimed to develop and validate a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the quantification of mangiferin from the bark extract of M. indica. RP-HPLC analysis was performed by isocratic elution with a low-pressure gradient using 0.1% formic acid: acetonitrile (87:13) as a mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min. The separation was done at 26°C using a Kinetex XB-C18 column as stationary phase and the detection wavelength at 256 nm. The proposed method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantification, and robustness by the International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines. In linearity, the excellent correlation coefficient more than 0.999 indicated good fitting of the curve and also good linearity. The intra- and inter-day precision showed < 1% of relative standard deviation of peak area indicated high reliability and reproducibility of the method. The recovery values at three different levels (50%, 100%, and 150%) of spiked samples were found to be 100.47, 100.89, and 100.99, respectively, and low standard deviation value < 1% shows high accuracy of the method. In robustness, the results remain unaffected by small variation in the analytical parameters, which shows the robustness of the method. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the presence of mangiferin with M/Z value of 421. The assay developed by HPLC method is a simple, rapid, and reliable for the determination of mangiferin from M. indica.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Naveen
- Analytical Research and Development, Vidya Herbs Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - H B Lingaraju
- Analytical Research and Development, Vidya Herbs Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.,Phytochemistry Lab, Vidya Herbs Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - K Shyam Prasad
- Phytochemistry Lab, Vidya Herbs Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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96
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Gansukh E, Muthu M, Paul D, Ethiraj G, Chun S, Gopal J. Nature nominee quercetin's anti-influenza combat strategy-Demonstrations and remonstrations. Rev Med Virol 2017; 27:e1930. [PMID: 31211498 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nature's providences are rather the choicest remedies for human health and welfare. One such is quercetin, which is nature's nominee for cancer cure and recently demonstrated against influenza attack. Quercetin is highly recognized for its anticancer applications. This review emphasizes on yet another gift that this compound has to offer for mankind, which is none other than combating the deadly evasive influenza virus. The chemistry of this natural bioflavonoid and its derivatives and its modus operandi against influenza virus is consolidated into this review. The advancements and achievements made in the anti-influenza clinical history are also documented. Further, the challenges facing the progress of this compound to emerge as a predominant anti-influenza drug are discussed, and the future perspective for breaking its limitations through integration with nanoplatforms is envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhtaivan Gansukh
- Department of Bioresource and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Manikandan Muthu
- Department of Bioresource and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Diby Paul
- Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gopal Ethiraj
- Department of Bioresource and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sechul Chun
- Department of Bioresource and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Judy Gopal
- Department of Bioresource and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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97
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Husain FM, Ahmad I, Al-Thubiani AS, Abulreesh HH, AlHazza IM, Aqil F. Leaf Extracts of Mangifera indica L. Inhibit Quorum Sensing - Regulated Production of Virulence Factors and Biofilm in Test Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:727. [PMID: 28484444 PMCID: PMC5402315 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a global gene regulatory mechanism in bacteria for various traits including virulence factors. Disabling QS system with anti-infective agent is considered as a potential strategy to prevent bacterial infection. Mangifera indica L. (mango) has been shown to possess various biological activities including anti-QS. This study investigates the efficacy of leaf extracts on QS-regulated virulence factors and biofilm formation in Gram negative pathogens. Mango leaf (ML) extract was tested for QS inhibition and QS-regulated virulence factors using various indicator strains. It was further correlated with the biofilm inhibition and confirmed by electron microscopy. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. In vitro evaluation of anti-QS activity of ML extracts against Chromobacterium violaceum revealed promising dose-dependent interference in violacein production, by methanol extract. QS inhibitory activity is also demonstrated by reduction in elastase (76%), total protease (56%), pyocyanin (89%), chitinase (55%), exopolysaccharide production (58%) and swarming motility (74%) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 at 800 μg/ml concentration. Biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa PAO1 and Aeromonas hydrophila WAF38 was reduced considerably (36–82%) over control. The inhibition of biofilm was also observed by scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, ML extracts significantly reduced mortality of Caenorhabditis elegans pre-infected with PAO1 at the tested concentration. Phytochemical analysis of active extracts revealed very high content of phenolics in methanol extract and a total of 14 compounds were detected by GC-MS and UPLC. These findings suggest that phytochemicals from the ML could provide bioactive anti-infective and needs further investigation to isolate and uncover their therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fohad M Husain
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal Ahmad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India
| | - Abdullah S Al-Thubiani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein H Abulreesh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M AlHazza
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farrukh Aqil
- Department of Medicine and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, LouisvilleKY, USA
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98
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Chakraborty T, Das MK. De Novo Approach to Utilize Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Seed Kernel Lipid in Pharmaceutical Lipid Nanoformulation. J Pharm Innov 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-017-9284-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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99
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Bhatt L, Sebastian B, Joshi V. Mangiferin protects rat myocardial tissue against cyclophosphamide induced cardiotoxicity. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2017; 8:62-67. [PMID: 28610894 PMCID: PMC5496998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mangiferin is a highly potent antioxidant present in mango leaves which is utilized for therapeutic purposes. OBJECTIVE The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of mangiferin against cyclophosphamide induced cardiotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were treated with 100 mg/kg of mangiferin in alone and interactive groups for 10 days. Apart from normal and mangiferin control groups, all the groups were subjected to cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg, i.p.) toxicity on Day 1 and effects of different treatments were analyzed by changes in serum biomarkers, tissue antioxidant levels, electrocardiographic parameters, lipid profile and histopathological evaluation. RESULTS Mangiferin treated group showed decrease in serum biomarker enzyme levels and increase in tissue antioxidant levels. Compared to cyclophosphamide control group, mangiferin treated animals showed improvement in lipid profile, electrocardiographic parameters, histological score and mortality. CONCLUSION The present findings clearly suggest the protective role of mangiferin as a powerful antioxidant preventing cardiotoxicity caused by cyclophosphamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxit Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, Shree Devi College of Pharmacy, Airport Road, Kenjar Village, Malavoor Panchayat, Mangalore, 575412 Karnataka, India.
| | - Binu Sebastian
- Department of Pharmacology, Shree Devi College of Pharmacy, Airport Road, Kenjar Village, Malavoor Panchayat, Mangalore, 575412 Karnataka, India
| | - Viraj Joshi
- Department of Quality Assurance, Shree Devi College of Pharmacy, Airport Road, Kenjar Village, Malavoor Panchayat, Mangalore, 575412 Karnataka, India
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100
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Acevedo LM, Raya AI, Martínez-Moreno JM, Aguilera–Tejero E, Rivero JLL. Mangiferin protects against adverse skeletal muscle changes and enhances muscle oxidative capacity in obese rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173028. [PMID: 28253314 PMCID: PMC5333851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related skeletal muscle changes include muscle atrophy, slow-to-fast fiber-type transformation, and impaired mitochondrial oxidative capacity. These changes relate with increased risk of insulin resistance. Mangiferin, the major component of the plant Mangifera indica, is a well-known anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antihyperlipidemic agent. This study tested the hypothesis that mangiferin treatment counteracts obesity-induced fiber atrophy and slow-to-fast fiber transition, and favors an oxidative phenotype in skeletal muscle of obese rats. Obese Zucker rats were fed gelatin pellets with (15 mg/kg BW/day) or without (placebo group) mangiferin for 8 weeks. Lean Zucker rats received the same gelatin pellets without mangiferin and served as non-obese and non-diabetic controls. Lesser diameter, fiber composition, and histochemical succinic dehydrogenase activity (an oxidative marker) of myosin-based fiber-types were assessed in soleus and tibialis cranialis muscles. A multivariate discriminant analysis encompassing all fiber-type features indicated that obese rats treated with mangiferin displayed skeletal muscle phenotypes significantly different compared with both lean and obese control rats. Mangiferin significantly decreased inflammatory cytokines, preserved skeletal muscle mass, fiber cross-sectional size, and fiber-type composition, and enhanced muscle fiber oxidative capacity. These data demonstrate that mangiferin attenuated adverse skeletal muscle changes in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz M. Acevedo
- Laboratory of Muscular Biopathology, Department of Comparative Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ana I. Raya
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Julio M. Martínez-Moreno
- Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Escolástico Aguilera–Tejero
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - José-Luis L. Rivero
- Laboratory of Muscular Biopathology, Department of Comparative Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
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