101
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De Silva PM, Kumar A. Signal Transduction Proteins in Acinetobacter baumannii: Role in Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence, and Potential as Drug Targets. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:49. [PMID: 30761101 PMCID: PMC6363711 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a notorious pathogen in health care settings around the world, primarily due to high resistance to antibiotics. A. baumannii also shows an impressive capability to adapt to harsh conditions in clinical settings, which contributes to its persistence in such conditions. Following their traditional role, the Two Component Systems (TCSs) present in A. baumannii play a crucial role in sensing and adapting to the changing environmental conditions. This provides A. baumannii with a greater chance of survival even in unfavorable conditions. Since all the TCSs characterized to date in A. baumannii play a role in its antibiotic resistance and virulence, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms behind TCSs can help with a better understanding of the pathways that regulate these phenotypes. This can also guide efforts to target TCSs as novel drug targets. In this review, we discuss the roles of TCSs in A. baumannii, their molecular mechanisms, and most importantly, the potential of using small molecule inhibitors of TCSs as potential novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Malaka De Silva
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ayush Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Group, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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102
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Do TT, Delaney S, Walsh F. 16S rRNA gene based bacterial community structure of wastewater treatment plant effluents. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 366:5299563. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Do
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Sarah Delaney
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Fiona Walsh
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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103
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Luo Z, Li S, Hou K, Ji G. Spatial and seasonal bacterioplankton community dynamics in the main channel of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Res Microbiol 2019; 170:24-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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104
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Penwell WF, Actis LA. Isolation and Characterization of the Acinetobactin and Baumannoferrin Siderophores Produced by Acinetobacter baumannii. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1946:259-270. [PMID: 30798562 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9118-1_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Siderophores are high-affinity iron chelators produced and used by bacteria to prosper under iron-limiting conditions they normally encounter in the environment and hosts. In this chapter, we describe the isolation and purification of the siderophores acinetobactin and baumannoferrin produced by the bacterial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii using XAD-7 batch adsorption and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). We also describe chemical tests and biological assays used to detect the presence of catechol and hydroxamate siderophores in culture supernatants, XAD-7 extracts, and HPLC fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William F Penwell
- Department of Biology and Marine Science, Jacksonville University, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
| | - Luis A Actis
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
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105
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Falah F, Shokoohizadeh L, Adabi M. Molecular identification and genotyping of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn patients by PCR and ERIC-PCR. Scars Burn Heal 2019; 5:2059513119831369. [PMID: 30815282 PMCID: PMC6383092 DOI: 10.1177/2059513119831369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important agents of hospital infections. Rapid and accurate identification and genotyping of A. baumannii is very important, especially in burn hospitals in order to prevent the spread of related nosocomial infections and to further epidemiological studies. MATERIAL AND METHODS For two months, 82 A. baumannii isolates were collected from burn wound swabs of patients in a major burn hospital in Tehran. A. baumannii isolates were identified by conventional microbiological test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the primers of blaOXA-51 gene, while the genetic linkage of A. baumannii isolates was investigated by enterobacterial repetitive intragenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR technique. Similarity, a cut-off of ⩾ 95% was considered for classifying the genotypes. RESULTS The molecular test (PCR) confirmed 97.56% of phenotypic results for the detection of A. baumannii isolates. ERIC-PCR results revealed 14 different ERIC patterns (ERIC-types) including 11 common types and three unique types. CONCLUSION Our findings show that we can simply and quickly detect A. baumannii isolates by PCR using blaOXA genes and genetic diversity by ERIC-PCR, respectively. These rapid and simple techniques for the routine screening and identification of clinical A. baumannii isolates could be useful with epidemic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Falah
- Department of Biology, Tonekabon Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Iran
| | - Leili Shokoohizadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of
Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Adabi
- Brucellosis Research Center, Hamadan
University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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106
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Wareth G, Neubauer H, Sprague LD. Acinetobacter baumannii - a neglected pathogen in veterinary and environmental health in Germany. Vet Res Commun 2018; 43:1-6. [PMID: 30591981 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-018-9742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and global spread of drug resistant Acinetobacter (A.) baumannii is a cause of great concern. The current knowledge on antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii from animal origin is mostly based on few internationally published case reports, investigations of strain collections and several whole genome analyses. This lack of data results in a somewhat sketchy picture on how to assess the possible impact of drug resistant A. baumannii strains on veterinary and public health in Germany. Consequently, there is an urgent need to intensify the surveillance of A. baumannii in pet animals, the farm animal population and wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Wareth
- Institut für bakterielle Infektionen und Zoonosen, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Institut für bakterielle Infektionen und Zoonosen, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Lisa D Sprague
- Institut für bakterielle Infektionen und Zoonosen, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany.
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107
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Van Assche A, Crauwels S, De Brabanter J, Willems KA, Lievens B. Characterization of the bacterial community composition in water of drinking water production and distribution systems in Flanders, Belgium. Microbiologyopen 2018; 8:e00726. [PMID: 30318762 PMCID: PMC6528567 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality of drinking water is influenced by its chemical and microbial composition which in turn may be affected by the source water and the different processes applied in drinking water purification systems. In this study, we investigated the bacterial diversity in different water samples from the production and distribution chain of thirteen drinking water production and distribution systems from Flanders (Belgium) that use surface water or groundwater as source water. Water samples were collected over two seasons from the source water, the processed drinking water within the production facility and out of the tap in houses along its distribution network. 454‐pyrosequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences revealed a total of 1,570 species‐level bacterial operational taxonomic units. Strong differences in community composition were found between processed drinking water samples originating from companies that use surface water and other that use groundwater as source water. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in all samples. Yet, several phyla including Actinobacteria were significantly more abundant in surface water while Cyanobacteria were more abundant in surface water and processed water originating from surface water. Gallionella, Acinetobacter, and Pseudomonas were the three most abundant genera detected. Members of the Acinetobacter genus were even found at a relative read abundance of up to 47.5% in processed water samples, indicating a general occurrence of Acinetobacter in drinking water (systems).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ado Van Assche
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME & BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Sam Crauwels
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME & BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Joseph De Brabanter
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT - STADIUS), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kris A Willems
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME & BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Bart Lievens
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME & BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
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108
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Wang TH, Leu YS, Wang NY, Liu CP, Yan TR. Prevalence of different carbapenemase genes among carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii blood isolates in Taiwan. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2018; 7:123. [PMID: 30338061 PMCID: PMC6182870 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-018-0410-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the prevalence of the carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) has increased in Taiwan, few studies have elucidated the prevalence of different carbapenemase genes in Taiwan. The first objective of this study was to identify the types and prevalence of different carbapenemase genes, and the second objective was to determine the carbapenem antimicrobial susceptibility of carbapenemase producing isolates. Methods In total, 269 CRAB blood isolates from four medical centres in Taiwan from 1/1/2009 to 31/12/2013 were analysed. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined using the Vitek 2 system. Carbapenemase genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to identify the different pulsotypes. Results All 269 CRAB isolates had the blaOXA-51-like gene, while 237 (88.1%) had the blaOXA-23-like gene, and 11 (4.09%) had the blaOXA-24-like gene. Twenty-one CRAB isolates (7.81%) contained only the blaOXA-51-like gene. None of the isolates had the blaOXA-58-like gene or the metallo-β-lactamases (MBL)-encoding genes. In 28.69% of isolates with the blaOXA-23-like gene and 90.91% of isolates with the blaOXA-24-like gene, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for imipenem were 64 mg/L or more. In 37.55% of isolates with the blaOXA-23-like gene and 100% of isolates with the blaOXA-24-like gene, meropenem MICs were 64 mg/L or more. PFGE analyses indicated that six highly similar genomes which harbored the blaOXA-24-like gene came from three different medical centres. Conclusion Our study determined the prevalence of CRAB, the types and prevalence of carbapenemase genes, carbapenem susceptibility among CRAB isolates, and documented that the blaOXA-24-like gene had greater resistance to carbapenem than the blaOXA-23-like gene. We also demonstrated inter-hospital transmission of the highly resistant blaOXA-24-like gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Ho Wang
- Divison of Infection disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.,2Graduate Institute of Bioengineering, Tatung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Infection Control, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shing Leu
- 4Division of Otolaryngology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,5Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Yu Wang
- 6Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Pan Liu
- 5Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,6Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,7Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,MacKay College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan.,9Infection Control Committee, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Rong Yan
- 2Graduate Institute of Bioengineering, Tatung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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109
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Distribution and Genotyping of Aquatic Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Isolated from the Puzi River and Its Tributaries Near Areas of Livestock Farming. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an important health care-associated bacterium and a common multidrug-resistant pathogen. The use of antibiotics in the husbandry industry has raised concerns about drug-resistant A. baumannii strains, which may affect humans. This study aimed to investigate the seasonal distribution of A. baumannii in aquatic environments near areas of livestock farming. The geographic distribution, antibiotic resistance characteristic, and DNA fingerprinting genotype of A. baumannii were also studied. The results showed that environmental A. baumannii was prevalent during the summer and autumn. The hotspots for A. baumannii were found at the sampling sites of livestock wastewater channels (21.4%; 3/14) and the tributaries adjacent to livestock farms (15.4%; 2/13). The prevalence of A. baumannii at these locations was significantly higher than those adjacent to the Puzi River. Multidrug-resistant strain of A. baumannii was not found in this study, with only one strain (5%; 1/20) being resistant to tetracycline. Of the isolates that were obtained, 10% (2/20) and 20% (4/20) were found to be intermediately resistant to tetracycline and sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, respectively. The genotyping patterns and clustering analysis indicated that enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) differentiated A. baumannii strains effectively. There were two major clusters that could then be subtyped into 20 A. baumannii strains with 15 profiles. The A. baumannii strains that were isolated from upstream of the Puzi River and livestock wastewater channels were composed of Cluster I. Cluster II only contained isolates from downstream of the Puzi River area. Furthermore, isolates from adjacent sites were shown to have identical profiles (100%). These results suggest that A. baumannii may have spread through free-flowing water in this study. Therefore, we propose that livestock wastewater is one of the sources that contribute to A. baumannii pollution in water bodies. In summary, continuous monitoring of antibiotic pollution in livestock wastewater is required.
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110
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Guo Y, Xun M, Han J. A bovine myeloid antimicrobial peptide (BMAP-28) and its analogs kill pan-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by interacting with outer membrane protein A (OmpA). Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12832. [PMID: 30334982 PMCID: PMC6211872 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibit multiple activities against bacteria and fungi. A bovine myeloid antimicrobial peptide (BMAP-28) belongs to the cathelicidin-derived AMPs and has antimicrobial activity. Due to the rapidly increasing number of infections and outbreaks caused by pan-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (PDRAB), we sought to determine whether BMAP-28 and its 4 analog peptides (A837, A838, A839, and A840) have antimicrobial activity against PDRAB. Furthermore, we clarified the possible mechanism of inhibition by which of BMAP-28 acts against PDRAB. In the current study, we examined the inhibitory effect of BMAP-28 and its 4 analog peptides on the growth of PDRAB through minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis and short time killing assays. We also evaluated the effects of BMAP-28 and its analogs on the bacterial cell surface through the use of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). In order to determine the inhibitory mechanism of BMAP-28, we examined the interaction between BMAP-28 and outer membrane proteins (OMPs), especially the interaction between BMAP-28 and A. baumannii OmpA (AbOmpA), which is the main component of OMPs, by using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). BMAP-28 and its 4 analogs were effective in inhibiting the growth of PDRAB and had rapid killing ability. BMAP-28 showed exceptionally strong and rapid inhibitory effects on PDRAB when compared to the other peptides and was also shown to cause damage to the cell surface of PDRAB. Moreover, QCM analysis provided evidence of potential interaction between BMAP-28 and AbOmpA. These data indicate that BMAP-28 is a promising candidate for the treatment of PDRAB infections and that its inhibitory effects were related with its binding to AbOmpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology
| | - Meng Xun
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology
| | - Jing Han
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
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111
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Knight DB, Rudin SD, Bonomo RA, Rather PN. Acinetobacter nosocomialis: Defining the Role of Efflux Pumps in Resistance to Antimicrobial Therapy, Surface Motility, and Biofilm Formation. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1902. [PMID: 30186249 PMCID: PMC6111201 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter nosocomialis is a member of the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii (ACB) complex. Increasingly, reports are emerging of the pathogenic profile and multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype of this species. To define novel therapies to overcome resistance, we queried the role of the major efflux pumps in A. nosocomialis strain M2 on antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. A. nosocomialis strains with the following mutations were engineered by allelic replacement; ΔadeB, ΔadeJ, and ΔadeB/adeJ. In these isogenic strains, we show that the ΔadeJ mutation increased susceptibility to beta-lactams, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors, chloramphenicol, monobactam, tigecycline, and trimethoprim. The ΔadeB mutation had a minor effect on resistance to certain beta-lactams, rifampicin and tigecycline. In addition, the ΔadeJ mutation resulted in a significant decrease in surface motility and a minor decrease in biofilm formation. Our results indicate that the efflux pump, AdeIJK, has additional roles outside of antibiotic resistance in A. nosocomialis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Knight
- Research Service, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Susan D Rudin
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Medicine, Pharmacology and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Case Western Reserve University Veterans Affairs Center for Antimicrobial Resistance (Case-VA CARES), Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Robert A Bonomo
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Medicine, Pharmacology and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Case Western Reserve University Veterans Affairs Center for Antimicrobial Resistance (Case-VA CARES), Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Philip N Rather
- Research Service, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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112
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Efficacy of sodium hypochlorite against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. J Hosp Infect 2018; 100:e40-e46. [PMID: 30026008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased antimicrobial resistance has been observed among many bacteria leading to treatment failures in human and veterinary medicine. Disinfection is a prerequisite for infection control and prevention in healthcare settings. Chlorine compounds are cost-effective and accessible worldwide. AIM To determine the efficacy of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB). METHODS Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using broth macro-dilution. Bactericidal efficacy was measured by qualitative and quantitative suspension tests followed by practical tests without mechanical action on stainless steel carriers. The guidelines of the German Association for Applied Hygiene were followed. FINDINGS Results varied remarkably depending on the method. MICs were 0.1% or 0.2% NaOCl. Qualitative suspension tests revealed up to 500-fold lower bactericidal concentrations. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P = 0.0025) was significantly less susceptible in these tests whereas quantitative suspension tests revealed no significant differences between strains (P > 0.05). Practical tests determined bactericidal concentrations of 0.8-0.32% NaOCl at 1 min of contact and even lower concentrations for longer contact times. At 1 min, five Klebsiella were significantly less susceptible (P = 0.0124), whereas the lower susceptibility of P. aeruginosa was not confirmed. Organic load inhibited bactericidal activity significantly, whereas contact time had a marginal effect. Differing test results underline that MIC determination and qualitative suspension tests may be insufficient approaches to evaluate bacterial susceptibility or resistance. CONCLUSION NaOCl efficiently reduced Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., and Klebsiella spp., most notably in the absence of organic matter. Strain- and species-specific differences in susceptibility were noticed, but in general MDR-GNB revealed no higher tolerance to NaOCl.
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113
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Wei J, Kong D, Wang L, Zhang Y, Hu W, Yang Y. Improved Synthesis of Yt-14, A Potent Antibiotic to Multidrug-Resistant Strains. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3184/174751918x15314830456124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new practical synthetic approach produced clinical drug candidate YT-14, improving the overall yield from 1.3% to 13.8%. Compared with the previous route, the new route is two steps shorter and all of the steps involve purifications without column chromatography. The advantages of this procedure include simple operating conditions and higher yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhai Wei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P.R. China
| | - Deyu Kong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yinyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P.R. China
| | - Yushe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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114
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Li X, Tang Y, Lu X. Insight into Identification of Acinetobacter Species by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in the Clinical Laboratory. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1546-1553. [PMID: 29633221 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the capability of identification for Acinetobacter species using MALDI-TOF MS still remains unclear in clinical laboratories due to certain elusory phenomena. Thus, we conducted this research to evaluate this technique and reveal the causes of misidentification. Briefly, a total of 788 Acinetobacter strains were collected and confirmed at the species level by 16S rDNA and rpoB sequencing, and subsequently compared to the identification by MALDI-TOF MS using direct smear and bacterial extraction pretreatments. Cluster analysis was performed based on the mass spectra and 16S rDNA to reflect the diversity among different species. Eventually, 19 Acinetobacter species were confirmed, including 6 species unavailable in Biotyper 3.0 database. Another novel species was observed, temporarily named A. corallinus. The accuracy of identification for Acinetobacter species using MALDI-TOF MS was 97.08% (765/788), regardless of which pretreatment was applied. The misidentification only occurred on 3 A. parvus strains and 20 strains of species unavailable in the database. The proportions of strains with identification score ≥ 2.000 using direct smear and bacterial extraction pretreatments were 86.04% (678/788) and 95.43% (752/788), χ2 = 41.336, P < 0.001. The species similar in 16 rDNA were discriminative from the mass spectra, such as A. baumannii & A. junii, A. pittii & A. calcoaceticus, and A. nosocomialis & A. seifertii. Therefore, using MALDI-TOF MS to identify Acinetobacter strains isolated from clinical samples was deemed reliable. Misidentification occurred occasionally due to the insufficiency of the database rather than sample extraction failure. We suggest gene sequencing should be performed when the identification score is under 2.000 even when using bacterial extraction pretreatment. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Legation Street 1#, Beijing, Dongcheng District, 100730, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Legation Street 1#, Beijing, Dongcheng District, 100730, China
| | - Xinxin Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Legation Street 1#, Beijing, Dongcheng District, 100730, China.
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115
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Sabapathy PC, Devaraj S, Parthiban A, Kathirvel P. Bioprocess optimization of PHB homopolymer and copolymer P3 (HB-co-HV) by Acinetobacter junii BP25 utilizing rice mill effluent as sustainable substrate. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:1430-1441. [PMID: 28511586 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1330902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The potential use of parboiled rice mill effluent as a cheap substrate for the production of homopolymer and copolymer of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) by Acinetobacter junii BP 25 was investigated for the first time. Process optimization by one factor at a time led to homopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production of 2.64 ± 0.18 g/l with 94.28% PHB content using a two-stage batch cultivation mode. BP 25 furthermore produced polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (P3 (HB-co-HV)), with the addition of valeric acid as an additive to the substrate, yielding (2.56 ± 0.12 g/l dry biomass, 2.20 ± 0.15 g/l PHA) a copolymer content of 85.93%. Thus, rice mill effluent can be an effective and relatively low-cost alternative for the production of PHA, replacing the pure substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabarinathan Devaraj
- a Department of Microbial Biotechnology , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India
| | - Anburajan Parthiban
- b Department of Civil Engineering, Sustainable Environmental Process Research Institute , Daegu University , Gyeongsan , South Korea
| | - Preethi Kathirvel
- a Department of Microbial Biotechnology , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India
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Luo Y, Javed MA, Deneer H, Chen X. Nutrient depletion-induced production of tri-acylated glycerophospholipids in Acinetobacter radioresistens. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7470. [PMID: 29748546 PMCID: PMC5945596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria inhabit a vast range of biological niches and have evolved diverse mechanisms to cope with environmental stressors. The genus Acinetobacter comprises a complex group of Gram-negative bacteria. Some of these bacteria such as A. baumannii are nosocomial pathogens. They are often resistant to multiple antibiotics and are associated with epidemic outbreaks. A. radioresistens is generally considered to be a commensal bacterium on human skin or an opportunistic pathogen. Interestingly, this species has exceptional resistance to a range of environmental challenges which contributes to its persistence in clinical environment and on human skin. We studied changes in its lipid composition induced by the onset of stationary phase. This strain produced triglycerides (TG) as well as four common phospholipids: phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), cardiolipin (CL) and lysocardiolipin (LCL). It also produced small amounts of acyl-phosphatidylglycerol (APG). As the bacterial growth entered the stationary phase, the lipidome switched from one dominated by PE and PG to another dominated by CL and LCL. Surprisingly, bacteria in the stationary phase produced N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) and another rare lipid we tentatively name as 1-phosphatidyl-2-acyl-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (PAGPE) based on tandem mass spectrometry. It is possible these tri-acylated lipids play an important role in coping with nutrient depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
| | - Muhammad Afzal Javed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Harry Deneer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Saskatoon Health Region, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Xialu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Multidrug resistance of bacterial pathogens has confronted physicians around the world with the threat of inefficacy of the antibiotic regime, which is particularly important for patients with sepsis. Antibiotic resistance has revived search for alternative nonantibiotic strategies. Among them, prophylaxis by vaccination is an appealing concept. RECENT FINDINGS This review provides a compact overview on available vaccines against community-acquired pathogens such as pneumococci (in synergy with influenza) and meningococci and provides an overview on the ongoing developments of vaccines targeting typical nosocomial pathogens such as Clostridium difficile, Staphylococcus aureus, Acintetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. SUMMARY The effects achieved by some conjugated vaccines (e.g. against Haemophilus influenzae B and Streptococcus pneumoniae) are encouraging. Their widespread use has resulted in a decrease or almost elimination of invasive diseases by the covered pneumococcal serotypes or Haemophilus influenzae B, respectively. These vaccines confer not only individual protection but also exploit herd protection effects. However, a multitude of failures reflects the obstacles on the way to effective and well tolerated bacterial vaccines. Regional differences in strain prevalence and variability of antigens that limit cross-protectivity remain major obstacles. However, promising candidates are in clinical development.
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Cho GS, Li B, Rostalsky A, Fiedler G, Rösch N, Igbinosa E, Kabisch J, Bockelmann W, Hammer P, Huys G, Franz CMAP. Diversity and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Acinetobacter Strains From Milk Powder Produced in Germany. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:536. [PMID: 29636733 PMCID: PMC5880893 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Forty-seven Acinetobacter spp. isolates from milk powder obtained from a powdered milk producer in Germany were investigated for their antibiotic resistance susceptibilities, in order to assess whether strains from food harbor multiple antibiotic resistances and whether the food route is important for dissemination of resistance genes. The strains were identified by 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequencing, as well as by whole genome sequencing of selected isolates and their in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH). Furthermore, they were genotyped by rep-PCR together with reference strains of pan-European groups I, II, and III strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. Of the 47 strains, 42 were identified as A. baumannii, 4 as Acinetobacter Pittii, and 1 as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In silico DDH with the genome sequence data of selected strains and rpoB gene sequencing data suggested that the five non-A. baumannii strains all belonged to A. pittii, suggesting that the rpoB gene is more reliable than the 16S rRNA gene for species level identification in this genus. Rep-PCR genotyping of the A. baumannii strains showed that these could be grouped into four groups, and that some strains clustered together with reference strains of pan-European clinical group II and III strains. All strains in this study were intrinsically resistant toward chloramphenicol and oxacillin, but susceptible toward tetracycline, tobramycin, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin. For cefotaxime, 43 strains (91.5%) were intermediate and 3 strains (6.4%) resistant, while 3 (6.4%) and 21 (44.7%) strains exhibited resistance to cefepime and streptomycin, respectively. Forty-six (97.9%) strains were susceptible to amikacin and ampicillin-sulbactam. Therefore, the strains in this study were generally not resistant to the clinically relevant antibiotics, especially tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, cefepime, and meropenem, suggesting that the food route probably poses only a low risk for multidrug resistant Acinetobacter strains or resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu-Sung Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Kiel, Germany
| | - André Rostalsky
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gregor Fiedler
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Kiel, Germany
| | - Niels Rösch
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Kiel, Germany
| | - Etinosa Igbinosa
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Jan Kabisch
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bockelmann
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Hammer
- Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish, Max Rubner-Institut, Kiel, Germany
| | - Geert Huys
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charles M A P Franz
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Kiel, Germany
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Jeon H, Kim S, Kim MH, Kim SY, Nam D, Park SC, Park SH, Bae H, Lee HJ, Cho JH, Lee WK, Lee YC, Lee SH, Shin MS, Lee JC. Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a Korean hospital that carry blaOXA-23. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 58:232-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kapono CA, Morton JT, Bouslimani A, Melnik AV, Orlinsky K, Knaan TL, Garg N, Vázquez-Baeza Y, Protsyuk I, Janssen S, Zhu Q, Alexandrov T, Smarr L, Knight R, Dorrestein PC. Creating a 3D microbial and chemical snapshot of a human habitat. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3669. [PMID: 29487294 PMCID: PMC5829137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the goals of forensic science is to identify individuals and their lifestyle by analyzing the trace signatures left behind in built environments. Here, microbiome and metabolomic methods were used to see how its occupants used an office and to also gain insights into the lifestyle characteristics such as diet, medications, and personal care products of the occupants. 3D molecular cartography, a molecular visualization technology, was used in combination with mass spectrometry and microbial inventories to highlight human-environmental interactions. Molecular signatures were correlated with the individuals as well as their interactions with this indoor environment. There are person-specific chemical and microbial signatures associated with this environment that directly relate who had touched objects such as computers, computer mice, cell phones, desk phone, table or desks. By combining molecular and microbial investigation forensic strategies, this study offers novel insights to investigators who value the reconstructing of human lifestyle and characterization of human environmental interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford A Kapono
- Department of Chemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James T Morton
- Department of Computer of Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amina Bouslimani
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexey V Melnik
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kayla Orlinsky
- Department of Computer of Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tal Luzzatto Knaan
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Neha Garg
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza
- Department of Computer of Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ivan Protsyuk
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Janssen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Theodore Alexandrov
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Larry Smarr
- Department of Computer of Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Computer of Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Analysis of microbial sequences in plasma cell-free DNA for early-onset breast cancer patients and healthy females. BMC Med Genomics 2018; 11:16. [PMID: 29504912 PMCID: PMC5836824 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-018-0329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell-free circulating DNA (cfDNA) is becoming a useful biopsy for noninvasive diagnosis of diseases. Microbial sequences in plasma cfDNA may provide important information to improve prognosis and treatment. We have developed a stringent method to identify microbial species via microbial cfDNA in the blood plasma of early-onset breast cancer (EOBC) patients and healthy females. Empirically, microbe-originated sequence reads were identified by mapping non-human PE reads in cfDNA libraries to microbial databases. Those mapped concordantly to unique microbial species were assembled into contigs, which were subsequently aligned to the same databases. Microbial species uniquely aligned were identified and compared across all individuals on MCRPM (Microbial CfDNA Reads Per Million quality PE reads) basis. Results The predominant microbial cfDNAs in all plasma samples examined are originated from bacteria and these bacteria were limited to only a few genera. Among those, Acinetobacter johnsonii XBB1 and low levels of Mycobacterium spp. were commonly found in all healthy females, but also present in an EOBC patient. Compared to those in healthy counterparts, bacterial species in EOBC patients are more diverse and more likely to present at high levels. Among these three EOBC patients tested, a patient who has record high titer (2,724 MCRPM) of Pseudomonas mendocina together with 8.82 MCRPM of Pannonibacter phragmitetus has passed away; another patient infected by multiple Sphingomonas species remains alive; while the third patient who has similar microbial species (Acinetobacter johnsonii XBB1) commonly seen in normal controls is having a normal life. Conclusions Our preliminary data on the profiles of microbial cfDNA sequences suggested that it may have some prognostic value in cancer patients. Validation in larger number of patients is warranted.
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Yang MY, Chang KC, Chen LY, Wang PC, Chou CC, Wu ZB, Hu A. Blue light irradiation triggers the antimicrobial potential of ZnO nanoparticles on drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 180:235-242. [PMID: 29475122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a non-invasive and safe therapeutic method for microbial infections. Bacterial antibiotic resistance is caused by antibiotics abuse. Drug-resistant Acinetobacter spp. is a serious problem in hospitals around the world. These pathogens from nosocomial infections have high mortality rates in frailer people, and Acinetobacter spp. is commonly found in immunocompromised patients. Visible light is safer than ultraviolet light (UV) for PDI of nosocomial pathogens with mammalian cells. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were used in this study as an antimicrobial agent and a photosensitizer. ZnO is recognized as safe and has extensive usage in food additives, medical and cosmetic products. In this study, we used 0.125 mg/ml ZnO-NPs combined with 10.8 J/cm2 blue light (BL) on Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) that could significantly reduce microbial survival. However, individual exposure to ZnO-NPs does not affect the viability of A. baumannii. BL irradiation could trigger the antimicrobial ability of ZnO nanoparticles on A. baumannii. The mechanism of photocatalytic ZnO-NPs treatment for sterilization occurs through bacterial membrane disruptions. Otherwise, the photocatalytic ZnO-NPs treatment showed high microbial eradication in nosocomial pathogens, including colistin-resistant and imipenem-resistant A. baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Based on our results, the photocatalytic ZnO-NPs treatment could support hygiene control and clinical therapies without antibiotics to nosocomial bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yeh Yang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yu Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming-Chuan University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ching Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chou
- Center for General Education, National Quemoy University, Kinmen, 892, Taiwan
| | - Zhong-Bin Wu
- National Taitung Jr. College, Taitung 950, Taiwan
| | - Anren Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
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El Chakhtoura NG, Saade E, Iovleva A, Yasmin M, Wilson B, Perez F, Bonomo RA. Therapies for multidrug resistant and extensively drug-resistant non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria causing nosocomial infections: a perilous journey toward 'molecularly targeted' therapy. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2018; 16:89-110. [PMID: 29310479 PMCID: PMC6093184 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2018.1425139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli are at the center of the antimicrobial resistance epidemic. Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are both designated with a threat level to human health of 'serious' by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Two other major non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Burkholderia cepacia complex, while not as prevalent, have devastating effects on vulnerable populations, such as those with cystic fibrosis, as well as immunosuppressed or hospitalized patients. Areas covered: In this review, we summarize the clinical impact, presentations, and mechanisms of resistance of these four major groups of non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli. We also describe available and promising novel therapeutic options and strategies, particularly combination antibiotic strategies, with a focus on multidrug resistant variants. Expert commentary: We finally advocate for a therapeutic approach that incorporates in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing with molecular and genotypic characterization of mechanisms of resistance, as well as pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) parameters. The goal is to begin to formulate a precision medicine approach to antimicrobial therapy: a clinical-decision making model that integrates bacterial phenotype, genotype and patient's PK/PD to arrive at rationally-optimized combination antibiotic chemotherapy regimens tailored to individual clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim G. El Chakhtoura
- Medicine Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Research Services Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Elie Saade
- Medicine Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Research Services Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alina Iovleva
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mohamad Yasmin
- Medicine Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Research Services Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Brigid Wilson
- Medicine Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Research Services Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Federico Perez
- Medicine Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Research Services Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Robert A. Bonomo
- Medicine Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Research Services Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Departments of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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Chen F, Wang L, Wang M, Xie Y, Xia X, Li X, Liu Y, Cao W, Zhang T, Li P, Yang M. Genetic characterization and in vitro activity of antimicrobial combinations of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from a general hospital in China. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2305-2315. [PMID: 29434938 PMCID: PMC5776888 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a rational therapy based on the genetic epidemiology, molecular mechanism evaluation and in vitro antibiotic combinations activity in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB). MDRAB was screened by the Kirby-Bauer method. The random amplified polymorphic DNA technique was used to establish genetic fingerprinting, and a series of resistance genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Antimicrobial agents including amikacin (AK), cefoperazone/sulbactam (SCF I/II), meropenem (MEM), minocycline (MINO) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and interactions between antibiotics by the broth microdilution method and chequerboard assays. In total, 34 MDRAB strains were isolated and classified into 8 phenotypes A-H, according to their general drug susceptibilities. A total of 4 major genotypes (I–IV) were clustered at 60% a genotypic similarity threshold. High positive rates of β-lactamase TEM-1, topoisomerase IV, oxacillinase (OXA)-23, AdeB family multidrug efflux RND transporter adeB, β-lactamase AmpC, class 1 integrons (Int-1), 16S rRNA methylase rmtA, phosphotransferase aph(3), 16S rRNA methyltransferase armA were presented to exceed 90%, acetylyltransferase aac(3)-I, aac(6′-I, ant(3″)-I, 16S rRNA methylase rmtB, oxacillinase OXA-24 and metallo-β-lactamase IMP-5 genes demonstrated positive rates of 29.4–85.29%, while adeRS two-component system was not observed in any strain. MEM+SCF I or SCF II primarily exhibited synergistic effects. AK+SCF I, AK+SCF II, MINO+SCF I, MINO+SCF II, MINO+CIP and MINO+MEM primarily presented additive effects. AK+CIP demonstrated 70.59% antagonism. The antibacterial activity of SCF I was superior compared with that of SCF II. The results indicated the polyclonal genetic epidemiological trend of MDRAB in the Second Xiangya Hospital, and verified the complexity of genetic resistance. In addition, combinations suggested to be efficacious were MEM+SCF I and MEM+SCF II, which were more effective compared with other combinations for the management of MDRAB infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yixin Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xianping Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Pengling Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Settanni L, Gaglio R, Stucchi C, De Martino S, Francesca N, Moschetti G. Presence of pathogenic bacteria in ice cubes and evaluation of their survival in different systems. ANN MICROBIOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-017-1311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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126
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Marathe NP, Pal C, Gaikwad SS, Jonsson V, Kristiansson E, Larsson DGJ. Untreated urban waste contaminates Indian river sediments with resistance genes to last resort antibiotics. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 124:388-397. [PMID: 28780361 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Efficient sewage treatment is critical for limiting environmental transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In many low and middle income countries, however, large proportions of sewage are still released untreated into receiving water bodies. In-depth knowledge of how such discharges of untreated urban waste influences the environmental resistome is largely lacking. Here, we highlight the impact of uncontrolled discharge of partially treated and/or untreated wastewater on the structure of bacterial communities and resistome of sediments collected from Mutha river flowing through Pune city in India. Using shotgun metagenomics, we found a wide array (n = 175) of horizontally transferable antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) including carbapenemases such as NDM, VIM, KPC, OXA-48 and IMP types. The relative abundance of total ARGs was 30-fold higher in river sediments within the city compared to upstream sites. Forty four ARGs, including the tet(X) gene conferring resistance to tigecycline, OXA-58 and GES type carbapenemases, were significantly more abundant in city sediments, while two ARGs were more common at upstream sites. The recently identified mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1 was detected only in one of the upstream samples, but not in city samples. In addition to ARGs, higher abundances of various mobile genetic elements were found in city samples, including integron-associated integrases and ISCR transposases, as well as some biocide/metal resistance genes. Virulence toxin genes as well as bacterial genera comprising many pathogens were more abundant here; the genus Acinetobacter, which is often associated with multidrug resistance and nosocomial infections, comprised up to 29% of the 16S rRNA reads, which to our best knowledge is unmatched in any other deeply sequenced metagenome. There was a strong correlation between the abundance of Acinetobacter and the OXA-58 carbapenemase gene. Our study shows that uncontrolled discharge of untreated urban waste can contribute to an overall increase of the abundance and diversity of ARGs in the environment, including those conferring resistance to last-resort antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachiket P Marathe
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chandan Pal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Swapnil S Gaikwad
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411 007, India
| | - Viktor Jonsson
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Kristiansson
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D G Joakim Larsson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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127
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Clinical and Pathophysiological Overview of Acinetobacter Infections: a Century of Challenges. Clin Microbiol Rev 2017; 30:409-447. [PMID: 27974412 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00058-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 642] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter is a complex genus, and historically, there has been confusion about the existence of multiple species. The species commonly cause nosocomial infections, predominantly aspiration pneumonia and catheter-associated bacteremia, but can also cause soft tissue and urinary tract infections. Community-acquired infections by Acinetobacter spp. are increasingly reported. Transmission of Acinetobacter and subsequent disease is facilitated by the organism's environmental tenacity, resistance to desiccation, and evasion of host immunity. The virulence properties demonstrated by Acinetobacter spp. primarily stem from evasion of rapid clearance by the innate immune system, effectively enabling high bacterial density that triggers lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated sepsis. Capsular polysaccharide is a critical virulence factor that enables immune evasion, while LPS triggers septic shock. However, the primary driver of clinical outcome is antibiotic resistance. Administration of initially effective therapy is key to improving survival, reducing 30-day mortality threefold. Regrettably, due to the high frequency of this organism having an extreme drug resistance (XDR) phenotype, early initiation of effective therapy is a major clinical challenge. Given its high rate of antibiotic resistance and abysmal outcomes (up to 70% mortality rate from infections caused by XDR strains in some case series), new preventative and therapeutic options for Acinetobacter spp. are desperately needed.
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128
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Nigro SJ, Hall RM. A large plasmid, pD46-4, carrying a complex resistance region in an extensively antibiotic-resistant ST25 Acinetobacter baumannii. J Antimicrob Chemother 2017; 72:3496-3498. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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129
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Hua X, Zhou Z, Yang Q, Shi Q, Xu Q, Wang J, Shi K, Zhao F, Sun L, Ruan Z, Jiang Y, Yu Y. Evolution of Acinetobacter baumannii In Vivo: International Clone II, More Resistance to Ceftazidime, Mutation in ptk. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1256. [PMID: 28740486 PMCID: PMC5502287 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen worldwide. A more comprehensive understanding of the within-host genomic evolution of A. baumannii would provide a molecule basis for improving treatment of A. baumannii infection. To understand the evolutionary mechanism facilitating A. baumannii survived in human body, we here reported the genomic analysis of A. baumannii isolated sampled from Chinese patients. We used whole-genome sequence of A. baumannii isolates from the same patient to determine single-nucleotide variants, insertion sequence mapping, and gene change. The MICs for 10 antimicrobial agents were determined. Motility assay and microscopy were performed on the isolated pairs harboring ptk mutations. The gene ptk encoded a putative protein tyrosine kinase involved in the production of capsular polysaccharide. Approximately half (39/86) of the strains isolated from the same patient harbored the same MLST patterns, and during the replacement of international clonal lineage II (ICL-II) and non-ICL-II strains, most of the alteration was that non-ICL-II strain was replaced by ICL-II strain (10/12). A. baumannii was resistant to major antimicrobial agents, whereas the strains were more resistant to ceftazidime, azithromycin, and sulfonamides after within-host evolution. Isolates from the ICL-II lineage displayed greater resistance to antimicrobial agents than non-ICL-II isolates. Isolates from ICL-II harbored more resistance genes and mobile elements than non-ICL-II strains. Several lineages evolved a more mucoid phenotype. Genome sequencing revealed that the phenotype was achieved by genetic changes in the ptk gene. ICL-II (especially ST195 and ST208) was the terminal destination for bacteria after within-host evolution. These results indicate that the molecular basis and the treatment for ICL-II strains needed further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Qiucheng Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Qingye Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Keren Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Long Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou General Hospital of Zhejiang Provincial Corps, Chinese People's Armed Police ForcesHangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Ruan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
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130
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Bimal KK, Das S, Kishore S, Archana A, S.K S. ANTIMICROBIAL SENSITIVITY OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF PATNA. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE 2017; 4:3139-3144. [DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2017/622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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131
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Pournaras S, Dafopoulou K, Del Franco M, Zarkotou O, Dimitroulia E, Protonotariou E, Poulou A, Zarrilli R, Tsakris A, Skoura L, Themeli-Digalaki K, Perivolioti E, Tsiplakou S, Karavassilis V, Panopoulou M, Orfanidou M, Hadjichristodoulou C, Levidiotou S, Gikas A. Predominance of international clone 2 OXA-23-producing- Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Greece, 2015: results of a nationwide study. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2017; 49:749-753. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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132
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Fecal microbial characterization of hospitalized patients with suspected infectious diarrhea shows significant dysbiosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1088. [PMID: 28439072 PMCID: PMC5430810 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hospitalized patients are at increased risk for acquiring healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and inadequate nutrition. The human intestinal microbiota plays vital functions in nutrient supply and protection from pathogens, yet characterization of the microbiota of hospitalized patients is lacking. We used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to characterize the global pattern of microbial composition of fecal samples from 196 hospitalized patients with suspected infectious diarrhea in comparison to healthy, non-hospitalized subjects (n = 881), and to traditional culture results. We show that hospitalized patients have a significant rise in α-diversity (richness within sample) from birth to <4 years of age, which continues up to the second decade of life. Additionally, we noted a profoundly significant increase in taxa from Proteobacteria phylum in comparison to healthy subjects. Finally, although more than 60% of hospitalized samples had a greater than 10% abundance of Proteobacteria, there were only 19/196 (10%) positive cultures for Campylobacter, Salmonella, or Shigella entero-pathogens in traditional culturing methods. As hospitalized patients have increased risk for HAIs and inadequate nutrition, our data support the consideration of nutritional and/or microbial modification in this population.
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133
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Lin MF, Lin YY, Tu CC, Lan CY. Distribution of different efflux pump genes in clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and their correlation with antimicrobial resistance. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2017; 50:224-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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134
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Carvalheira A, Casquete R, Silva J, Teixeira P. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from meat. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 243:58-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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135
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Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Human Cationic Antibacterial Peptide (LL-37) and Its Analogs Against Pan-Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.35857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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136
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Wang H, Wang J, Yu P, Ge P, Jiang Y, Xu R, Chen R, Liu X. Identification of antibiotic resistance genes in the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain, MDR-SHH02, using whole-genome sequencing. Int J Mol Med 2016; 39:364-372. [PMID: 28035408 PMCID: PMC5358717 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate antibiotic resistance genes in the multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumanii) strain, MDR-SHH02, using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The antibiotic resistance of MDR-SHH02 isolated from a patient with breast cancer to 19 types of antibiotics was determined using the Kirby-Bauer method. WGS of MDR-SHH02 was then performed. Following quality control and transcriptome assembly, functional annotation of genes was conducted, and the phylogenetic tree of MDR-SHH02, along with another 5 A. baumanii species and 2 Acinetobacter species, was constructed using PHYLIP 3.695 and FigTree v1.4.2. Furthermore, pathogenicity islands (PAIs) were predicted by the pathogenicity island database. Potential antibiotic resistance genes in MDR-SHH02 were predicted based on the information in the Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database (ARDB). MDR-SHH02 was found to be resistant to all of the tested antibiotics. The total draft genome length of MDR-SHH02 was 4,003,808 bp. There were 74.25% of coding sequences to be annotated into 21 of the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COGs) of protein terms, such as 'transcription' and 'amino acid transport and metabolism'. Furthermore, there were 45 PAIs homologous to the sequence MDRSHH02000806. Additionally, a total of 12 gene sequences in MDR-SHH02 were highly similar to the sequences of antibiotic resistance genes in ARDB, including genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes [e.g., aac(3)-Ia, ant(2″)-Ia, aph33ib and aph(3′)-Ia], β-lactamase genes (bl2b_tem and bl2b_tem1), sulfonamide-resistant dihydropteroate synthase genes (sul1 and sul2), catb3 and tetb. These results suggest that numerous genes mediate resistance to various antibiotics in MDR-SHH02, and provide a clinical guidance for the personalized therapy of A. baumannii-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualiang Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shanghai Centre for Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai 200126, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Shanghai Centre for Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai 200126, P.R. China
| | - Peijuan Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ge
- Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Shanghai Centre for Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai 200126, P.R. China
| | - Yanqun Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Shanghai Centre for Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai 200126, P.R. China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Shanghai Centre for Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai 200126, P.R. China
| | - Xuejie Liu
- Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Shanghai Centre for Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai 200126, P.R. China
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137
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Na SH, Jeon H, Kim YJ, Kwon HI, Selasi GN, Nicholas A, Yun CS, Lee SH, Lee JC. Antimicrobial activity of novel 4H-4-oxoquinolizine compounds against extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 49:107-111. [PMID: 27908580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to screen lead compounds exhibiting potent in vitro antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii strains from a library of chemical compounds. In a high-throughput screening analysis of 7520 compounds representative of 340,000 small molecules, two 4H-4-oxoquinolizine compounds were the most active against A. baumannii ATCC 17978. Subsequent selection and analysis of 70 4H-4-oxoquinolizine compounds revealed that the top 7 compounds were extremely active against extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A. baumannii isolates. These compounds commonly carried a 1-cyclopropyl-7-fluoro-4-oxo-4H-quinolizine-3-carboxylic acid core structure but had different C-8 and/or C-9 moieties. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the seven compounds against fluoroquinolone-resistant A. baumannii isolates were found to be in the range of 0.02-1.70 µg/mL regardless of the mutation types in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) of GyrA and ParC. Cytotoxicity of the seven compounds was observed in HeLa and U937 cells at a concentration of 50 µg/mL, which was >32.5- to 119-fold higher than the MIC90 for A. baumannii isolates. In conclusion, novel 4H-4-oxoquinolizine compounds represent a promising scaffold on which to develop antimicrobial agents against drug-resistant A. baumannii strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hyeon Na
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Jeon
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Yoo Jeong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Hyo Il Kwon
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Gati Noble Selasi
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Asiimwe Nicholas
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Yun
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Sang Ho Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Je Chul Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, South Korea.
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138
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A Novel Genome-Editing Platform for Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Reveals an AdeR-Unrelated Tigecycline Resistance Mechanism. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:7263-7271. [PMID: 27671072 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01275-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections with the Gram-negative coccobacillus Acinetobacter baumannii are a major threat in hospital settings. The progressing emergence of multidrug-resistant clinical strains significantly reduces the treatment options for clinicians to fight A. baumannii infections. The current lack of robust methods to genetically manipulate drug-resistant A. baumannii isolates impedes research on resistance and virulence mechanisms in clinically relevant strains. In this study, we developed a highly efficient and versatile genome-editing platform enabling the markerless modification of the genome of A. baumannii clinical and laboratory strains, regardless of their resistance profiles. We applied this method for the deletion of AdeR, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of the AdeABC efflux pump in tigecycline-resistant A. baumannii, to evaluate its function as a putative drug target. Loss of adeR reduced the MIC90 of tigecycline from 25 μg/ml in the parental strains to 3.1 μg/ml in the ΔadeR mutants, indicating its importance in the drug resistance phenotype. However, 60% of the clinical isolates remained nonsusceptible to tigecycline after adeR deletion. Evolution of artificial tigecycline resistance in two strains followed by whole-genome sequencing revealed loss-of-function mutations in trm, suggesting its role in an alternative AdeABC-independent tigecycline resistance mechanism. This finding was strengthened by the confirmation of trm disruption in the majority of the tigecycline-resistant clinical isolates. This study highlights the development and application of a powerful genome-editing platform for A. baumannii enabling future research on drug resistance and virulence pathways in clinically relevant strains.
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139
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Fernando DM, Khan IUH, Patidar R, Lapen DR, Talbot G, Topp E, Kumar A. Isolation and Characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii Recovered from Campylobacter Selective Medium. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1871. [PMID: 27917170 PMCID: PMC5114274 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii, a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, is known to cause multidrug resistant infections. This organism has primarily been isolated from clinical environments and its environmental reservoirs remain largely unknown. In the present study, we recovered seven isolates of A. baumannii growing under conditions selective for Campylobacter spp. (microaerophilic at 42°C and in the presence of antibiotics) from dairy cattle manure storage tank or surface water impacted by livestock effluents. Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed that all of these isolates were less susceptible to at least two different clinically relevant antibiotics, compared to the type strain A. baumannii ATCC17978. Expression of resistance-nodulation-division efflux pumps, an important mechanism of intrinsic resistance in these organisms, was analyzed, and adeB was found to be overexpressed in one and adeJ was overexpressed in three isolates. Comparison of these isolates using genomic DNA Macro-Restriction Fragment Pattern Analysis (MRFPA) revealed relatively low relatedness among themselves or with some of the clinical isolates from previous studies. This study suggests that A. baumannii isolates are capable of growing under selective conditions for Campylobacter spp. and that this organism can be present in manure and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh M Fernando
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Izhar U H Khan
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rakesh Patidar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - David R Lapen
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Guylaine Talbot
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Edward Topp
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , London, ON, Canada
| | - Ayush Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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140
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Li PH, Cheng VCC, Yip T, Yap DYH, Lui SL, Lo WK. Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acinetobacter Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis in Hong Kong-With a Perspective on Multi-Drug and Carbapenem Resistance. Perit Dial Int 2016; 37:177-182. [PMID: 27680764 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2016.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
♦ BACKGROUND: Acinetobacter spp. is an important cause of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis, but studies on Acinetobacter peritonitis have been scarce. In view of the rising concern of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter (CRA) and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter (MDRA) infections, we conducted this study on the incidence of Acinetobacter peritonitis and the impact of CRA and MDRA on its outcome. ♦ METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical characteristics, prevalence, antibiotic sensitivity patterns, outcomes, and factors associated with treatment failure over the past 16 years in our patients with Acinetobacter PD-related peritonitis. ♦ RESULTS: Out of 2,389 episodes of peritonitis, there were 66 episodes (3%) of Acinetobacter peritonitis occurring in 59 patients. Twelve episodes were caused by MDRA (18%), of which 5 were CRA (8%). There was a progressive increase in the incidence of MDRA and CRA infections over the study period. Most isolates were sensitive to sulbactam combinations (ampicillin-sulbactam [95.4%] and cefoperazone-sulbactam [93.9%]), aminoglycosides (amikacin [92.4%], tobramycin [90.9%], and gentamicin [89.4%]), and carbapenems (imipenem [92.2%]). There was 1 case of relapse. Fifteen episodes resulted in catheter removal (23%), and 7 patients died (11%). Hypoalbuminemia (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85, p = 0.006) and carbapenem resistance (OR = 18.2, p = 0.049) were significantly associated with higher rates of treatment failure. ♦ CONCLUSION: Both carbapenem resistance and hypoalbuminemia were significantly associated with treatment failure. Up to 80% of peritonitis episodes by CRA resulted in catheter loss or mortality. Sulbactam combinations and/or aminoglycosides remained effective for the majority of Acinetobacter isolates. There seemed to be an increasing relative incidence of MDRA and CRA infections over the past 16 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Hei Li
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Vincent C C Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Terence Yip
- Department of Medicine, Tung Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Desmond Y H Yap
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Wai-Kei Lo
- Department of Medicine, Tung Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
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Michiels JE, Van den Bergh B, Fauvart M, Michiels J. Draft genome sequence of Acinetobacter baumannii strain NCTC 13423, a multidrug-resistant clinical isolate. Stand Genomic Sci 2016; 11:57. [PMID: 27594976 PMCID: PMC5009669 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-016-0181-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogen that is becoming increasingly important and causes serious hospital-acquired infections. We sequenced the genome of A. baumannii NCTC 13423, a multidrug-resistant strain belonging to the international clone II group, isolated from a human infection in the United Kingdom in 2003. The 3,937,944 bp draft genome has a GC-content of 39.0 % and a total of 3672 predicted protein-coding sequences. The availability of genome sequences of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolates will fuel comparative genomic studies to help understand the worrying spread of multidrug resistance in this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joran E Michiels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Van den Bergh
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Fauvart
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium ; Smart Systems and Emerging Technologies Unit, Department of Life Science Technologies, imec, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Michiels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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142
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Al Atrouni A, Hamze M, Rafei R, Eveillard M, Joly-Guillou ML, Kempf M. Diversity of Acinetobacter species isolated from different environments in Lebanon: a nationwide study. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:1147-56. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the extrahospital reservoirs of Acinetobacter spp. in Lebanon. Materials & methods: Two thousand three hundred and sixty-one samples from different ecological niches were analyzed by culture methods. Species identification was confirmed by rpoB-gene sequencing. Multilocus sequence typing was used to characterize the Acinetobacter baumannii clones. Results & conclusion: Acinetobacter spp. were detected in 14% of environmental samples and 8% of food samples. Furthermore, 9% of animals and 3.4% of humans were colonized. Non-baumannii Acinetobacter were the most common species isolated and newly susceptible A. baumannii clones were detected. Interestingly, 21 isolates were not identified at the species level and were considered as putative novel species. To our knowledge, this is the largest epidemiological study investigating the epidemiology of Acinetobacter spp. outside hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al Atrouni
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de Technologie et Faculté de Santé Publique, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Liban
- ATOMycA, Inserm Atip-Avenir Team, CRCNA, Inserm U892, 6299 CNRS, University of Angers, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de Technologie et Faculté de Santé Publique, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Liban
| | - Rayane Rafei
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de Technologie et Faculté de Santé Publique, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Liban
| | - Matthieu Eveillard
- ATOMycA, Inserm Atip-Avenir Team, CRCNA, Inserm U892, 6299 CNRS, University of Angers, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | - Marie-Laure Joly-Guillou
- ATOMycA, Inserm Atip-Avenir Team, CRCNA, Inserm U892, 6299 CNRS, University of Angers, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | - Marie Kempf
- ATOMycA, Inserm Atip-Avenir Team, CRCNA, Inserm U892, 6299 CNRS, University of Angers, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
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143
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Insights on the Horizontal Gene Transfer of Carbapenemase Determinants in the Opportunistic Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii. Microorganisms 2016; 4:microorganisms4030029. [PMID: 27681923 PMCID: PMC5039589 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms4030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a driving force to the evolution of bacteria. The fast emergence of antimicrobial resistance reflects the ability of genetic adaptation of pathogens. Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged in the last few decades as an important opportunistic nosocomial pathogen, in part due to its high capacity of acquiring resistance to diverse antibiotic families, including to the so-called last line drugs such as carbapenems. The rampant selective pressure and genetic exchange of resistance genes hinder the effective treatment of resistant infections. A. baumannii uses all the resistance mechanisms to survive against carbapenems but production of carbapenemases are the major mechanism, which may act in synergy with others. A. baumannii appears to use all the mechanisms of gene dissemination. Beyond conjugation, the mostly reported recent studies point to natural transformation, transduction and outer membrane vesicles-mediated transfer as mechanisms that may play a role in carbapenemase determinants spread. Understanding the genetic mobilization of carbapenemase genes is paramount in preventing their dissemination. Here we review the carbapenemases found in A. baumannii and present an overview of the current knowledge of contributions of the various HGT mechanisms to the molecular epidemiology of carbapenem resistance in this relevant opportunistic pathogen.
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144
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Bedenić B, Beader N, Godič-Torkar K, Prahin E, Mihaljević L, Ćačić M, Vraneš J. Postantibiotic effect of colistin alone and combined with vancomycin or meropenem against Acinetobacter spp. with well defined resistance mechanisms. J Chemother 2016; 28:375-82. [DOI: 10.1179/1973947815y.0000000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Branka Bedenić
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Natasa Beader
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karmen Godič-Torkar
- Department for Sanitary Engeneering, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Esmina Prahin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ljiljana Mihaljević
- Department of Gynecology and Opstetrics, Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Jasmina Vraneš
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Microbiology, Zagreb Institute of Public Health, ‘Andrija Štampar’, Croatia
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145
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Ma ZS, Li L, Li W, Li J, Chen H. Integrated network-diversity analyses suggest suppressive effect of Hodgkin's lymphoma and slightly relieving effect of chemotherapy on human milk microbiome. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28048. [PMID: 27386954 PMCID: PMC4937402 DOI: 10.1038/srep28048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to investigate the effects of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and the chemotherapy for treating the disease on the human milk microbiome through integrated network and community diversity analyses. Our analyses suggest that Hodgkin’s lymphoma seems to have a suppressing effect on the milk microbiome by lowering the milk microbial community diversity, as measured by the Hill numbers profiles. Although the diversity analysis did not reveal an effect of chemotherapy on community diversity, bacterial species interaction network analysis shows that chemotherapy may help to slightly restore the milk microbiome impacted by Hodgkin’s lymphoma through its influence on the interactions among species (or OTUs). We further constructed diversity-metabolites network, which suggests that the milk microbial diversity is positively correlated with some beneficial milk metabolites such as DHA (DocosaHexaenoic Acid), and that the diversity is negatively correlated with some potentially harmful metabolites such as Butanal. We hence postulate that higher milk microbial diversity should be a signature of healthy mothers and beneficial to infants. Finally, we constructed metabolites OTU correlation networks, from which we identified some special OTUs. These OTUs deserve further investigations given their apparent involvements in regulating the levels of critical milk metabolites such as DHA, Inositol and Butanal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanshan Sam Ma
- Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Lab of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650023, China
| | - Lianwei Li
- Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Lab of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650023, China
| | - Wendy Li
- Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Lab of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650023, China
| | - Jie Li
- Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Lab of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650023, China
| | - Hongju Chen
- College of Mathematics, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, China
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146
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Comparative genomic analysis of novel Acinetobacter symbionts: A combined systems biology and genomics approach. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29043. [PMID: 27378055 PMCID: PMC4932630 DOI: 10.1038/srep29043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing trend of antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter drastically limits the range of therapeutic agents required to treat multidrug resistant (MDR) infections. This study focused on analysis of novel Acinetobacter strains using a genomics and systems biology approach. Here we used a network theory method for pathogenic and non-pathogenic Acinetobacter spp. to identify the key regulatory proteins (hubs) in each strain. We identified nine key regulatory proteins, guaA, guaB, rpsB, rpsI, rpsL, rpsE, rpsC, rplM and trmD, which have functional roles as hubs in a hierarchical scale-free fractal protein-protein interaction network. Two key hubs (guaA and guaB) were important for insect-associated strains, and comparative analysis identified guaA as more important than guaB due to its role in effective module regulation. rpsI played a significant role in all the novel strains, while rplM was unique to sheep-associated strains. rpsM, rpsB and rpsI were involved in the regulation of overall network topology across all Acinetobacter strains analyzed in this study. Future analysis will investigate whether these hubs are useful as drug targets for treating Acinetobacter infections.
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147
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Schang C, Henry R, Kolotelo PA, Prosser T, Crosbie N, Grant T, Cottam D, O’Brien P, Coutts S, Deletic A, McCarthy DT. Evaluation of Techniques for Measuring Microbial Hazards in Bathing Waters: A Comparative Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155848. [PMID: 27213772 PMCID: PMC4877094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recreational water quality is commonly monitored by means of culture based faecal indicator organism (FIOs) assays. However, these methods are costly and time-consuming; a serious disadvantage when combined with issues such as non-specificity and user bias. New culture and molecular methods have been developed to counter these drawbacks. This study compared industry-standard IDEXX methods (Colilert and Enterolert) with three alternative approaches: 1) TECTA™ system for E. coli and enterococci; 2) US EPA’s 1611 method (qPCR based enterococci enumeration); and 3) Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Water samples (233) were collected from riverine, estuarine and marine environments over the 2014–2015 summer period and analysed by the four methods. The results demonstrated that E. coli and coliform densities, inferred by the IDEXX system, correlated strongly with the TECTA™ system. The TECTA™ system had further advantages in faster turnaround times (~12 hrs from sample receipt to result compared to 24 hrs); no staff time required for interpretation and less user bias (results are automatically calculated, compared to subjective colorimetric decisions). The US EPA Method 1611 qPCR method also showed significant correlation with the IDEXX enterococci method; but had significant disadvantages such as highly technical analysis and higher operational costs (330% of IDEXX). The NGS method demonstrated statistically significant correlations between IDEXX and the proportions of sequences belonging to FIOs, Enterobacteriaceae, and Enterococcaceae. While costs (3,000% of IDEXX) and analysis time (300% of IDEXX) were found to be significant drawbacks of NGS, rapid technological advances in this field will soon see it widely adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Schang
- Environmental and Public Health Microbiology Laboratory (EPHM Lab), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebekah Henry
- Environmental and Public Health Microbiology Laboratory (EPHM Lab), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter A. Kolotelo
- Environmental and Public Health Microbiology Laboratory (EPHM Lab), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Trish Grant
- Melbourne Water, Docklands, Victoria, Australia
| | - Darren Cottam
- Environment Protection Authority Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter O’Brien
- Mornington Peninsula Shire, Rosebud, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott Coutts
- Micromon, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ana Deletic
- Environmental and Public Health Microbiology Laboratory (EPHM Lab), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - David T. McCarthy
- Environmental and Public Health Microbiology Laboratory (EPHM Lab), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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148
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Singh R, Nadhe S, Wadhwani S, Shedbalkar U, Chopade BA. Nanoparticles for Control of Biofilms of Acinetobacter Species. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E383. [PMID: 28773507 PMCID: PMC5503024 DOI: 10.3390/ma9050383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are the cause of 80% of microbial infections. Acinetobacter species have emerged as multi- and pan-drug-resistant bacteria and pose a great threat to human health. These act as nosocomial pathogens and form excellent biofilms, both on biotic and abiotic surfaces, leading to severe infections and diseases. Various methods have been developed for treatment and control of Acinetobacter biofilm including photodynamic therapy, radioimmunotherapy, prophylactic vaccines and antimicrobial peptides. Nanotechnology, in the present scenario, offers a promising alternative. Nanomaterials possess unique properties, and multiple bactericidal mechanisms render them more effective than conventional drugs. This review intends to provide an overview of Acinetobacter biofilm and the significant role of various nanoparticles as anti-biofouling agents, surface-coating materials and drug-delivery vehicles for biofilm control and treatment of Acinetobacter infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Shradhda Nadhe
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Sweety Wadhwani
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | | | - Balu Ananda Chopade
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
- Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431004, India.
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149
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Carvalheira A, Ferreira V, Silva J, Teixeira P. Enrichment of Acinetobacter spp. from food samples. Food Microbiol 2016; 55:123-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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150
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Savov E, Pfeifer Y, Wilharm G, Trifonova A, Todorova I, Gergova I, Borisova M, Kjoseva E. Isolation of Acinetobacter radioresistens from a clinical sample in Bulgaria. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2016; 4:57-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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