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Bai G, Ma S, Qie R, Liu Z, Shi Y, Li C, Wang R, Guo X, Zhou F, Jia X. UV-Triggered Surface-Initiated Polymerization from Colorless Green Tea Polyphenol-Coated Surfaces. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:1256-61. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Shuanhong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 730000 Lanzhou China
| | - Runtian Qie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Yulin Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Cuihua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Rongjie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Xuhong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China; University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 730000 Lanzhou China
| | - Xin Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
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Zhang X, Wang J, Hu JM, Huang YW, Wu XY, Zi CT, Wang XJ, Sheng J. Synthesis and Biological Testing of Novel Glucosylated Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Derivatives. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050620. [PMID: 27187321 PMCID: PMC6274015 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant component of green tea catechins and has strong physiological activities. In this study, two novel EGCG glycosides (EGCG-G1 and EGCG-G2) were chemoselectively synthesized by a chemical modification strategy. Each of these EGCG glycosides underwent structure identification, and the structures were assigned as follows: epigallocatechin gallate-4′′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (EGCG-G1, 2) and epigallocatechin gallate-4′,4′′-O-β-d-gluco-pyranoside (EGCG-G2, 3). The EGCG glycosides were evaluated for their anticancer activity in vitro against two human breast cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) using MTT assays. The inhibition rate of EGCG glycosides (EGCG-G1 and EGCG-G2) is not obvious. The EGCG glycosides are more stable than EGCG in aqueous solutions, but exhibited decreasing antioxidant activity in the DPPH radical-scavenging assay (EGCG > EGCG-G2 > EGCG-G1). Additionally, the EGCG glycosides exhibited increased water solubility: EGCG-G2 and EGCG-G1 were 15 and 31 times as soluble EGCG, respectively. The EGCG glycosides appear to be useful, and further studies regarding their biological activity are in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650201, China.
- Pu-er Tea Academy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Jiang-Miao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Ye-Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Xiao-Yun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650201, China.
- Pu-er Tea Academy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Cheng-Ting Zi
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650201, China.
- Pu-er Tea Academy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Xuan-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650201, China.
- Pu-er Tea Academy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650201, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming 650201, China.
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103
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Lee BH, Nam TG, Park NY, Chun OK, Koo SI, Kim DO. Estimated daily intake of phenolics and antioxidants from green tea consumption in the Korean diet. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 67:344-52. [PMID: 26940374 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2016.1153612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To estimate daily intake of total phenolics and flavonoids from green tea and the contribution of green tea to the antioxidant intake from the Korean diet, 24 commercial brands of green tea were selected and analyzed. Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008 and 2011 indicate that the green tea consumption in these 2 years was 2.8 g/tea drinker/day and 2.9 g/tea drinker/day, respectively. Based on data derived from direct measurements of green tea phenolics and the dataset of the 2008 KNHANES, we estimated the daily per tea drinker phenolics intake to be 172 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE), the total flavonoids to be 43 mg catechin equivalents (CE) and the total antioxidants to be 267 mg vitamin C equivalents (VCE; 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay) and 401 mg VCE (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assay). In 2011, we estimated the daily per tea drinker total phenolics intake to be 246 mg GAE, the total flavonoids to be 60 mg CE and the antioxidants to be 448 mg VCE (DPPH assay) and 630 mg VCE (ABTS assay). The daily intake of total phenolics, total flavonoids and antioxidants from green tea consumption increased from 2008 to 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Han Lee
- a Department of Food Science and Biotechnology , Kyung Hee University , Yongin , Korea ;,b Skin Biotechnology Center , Kyung Hee University , Suwon , Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Nam
- c Food Analysis Center , Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam , Korea
| | - Na Young Park
- a Department of Food Science and Biotechnology , Kyung Hee University , Yongin , Korea ;,b Skin Biotechnology Center , Kyung Hee University , Suwon , Korea
| | - Ock K Chun
- d Department of Nutritional Sciences , University of Connecticut , Storrs , CT , USA
| | - Sung I Koo
- d Department of Nutritional Sciences , University of Connecticut , Storrs , CT , USA
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- a Department of Food Science and Biotechnology , Kyung Hee University , Yongin , Korea ;,b Skin Biotechnology Center , Kyung Hee University , Suwon , Korea
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104
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Liang K, Ng S, Lee F, Lim J, Chung JE, Lee SS, Kurisawa M. Targeted intracellular protein delivery based on hyaluronic acid-green tea catechin nanogels. Acta Biomater 2016; 33:142-52. [PMID: 26785145 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A novel ternary nanogel based on the self-assembly of hyaluronic acid-epigallocatechin gallate conjugates (HA-EGCG), linear polyethylenimine (PEI) and Granzyme B (GzmB) in an aqueous environment was developed for the targeted intracellular delivery of GzmB into cancer cells. Lysozyme-encapsulated HA-EGCG nanogels were first prepared and characterized. HA-EGCG nanogels exhibited smaller particle sizes and a more homogeneous size distribution than the HA counterpart. Fluorescence quenching and lysozyme activity studies revealed that EGCG moieties facilitated protein binding through physical interactions and led to the formation of stable nanogels. When CD44-overexpressing HCT-116 colon cancer cells were treated with GzmB-encapsulated HA-EGCG nanogels in vitro, a significant cytotoxic effect was observed. Caspase assays and intracellular trafficking studies confirmed that cell death was due to apoptosis triggered by the delivery of GzmB to the cytosol of those cells. In comparison, little cytotoxic effect was observed in CD44-deficient cells treated with GzmB-encapsulated HA-EGCG nanogels. This study highlights the potential utility of HA-EGCG as effective intracellular protein carriers for targeted cancer therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Intracellularly activated cytotoxic proteins can be used to kill cancer cells but viable carriers for such proteins are lacking. In this work, we developed novel nanogels based on selfassembly of hyaluronic acid (HA)-(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) conjugates, linear polyethylenemine (PEI) and the cytotoxic protein Granzyme B (GzmB) for the intracellular delivery of GzmB for cancer therapy. HA was exploited for its ability to target CD44 which are overexpressed in many types of cancer cells, while EGCG, the main component of green tea catechins, was chosen for its ability to bind to proteins. Characterization studies showed that EGCG facilitated protein complexation through physical interactions and led to the formation of stable nanogels. HA-EGCG nanogels were able to achieve CD44 targeted killing of HCT-116 cancer cells by delivering GzmB into the cytosol of these cells. We believe that the applications of the HA-EGCG nanogels can be expanded to the intracellular delivery of other cytotoxic protein drugs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liang
- Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (IBN), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #04-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Shengyong Ng
- Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (IBN), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #04-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Fan Lee
- Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (IBN), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #04-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Jaehong Lim
- Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (IBN), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #04-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Joo Eun Chung
- Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (IBN), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #04-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Su Seong Lee
- Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (IBN), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #04-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Motoichi Kurisawa
- Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (IBN), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #04-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
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105
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Mocanu MM, Nagy P, Szöllősi J. Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Dietary Polyphenols. Molecules 2015; 20:22578-620. [PMID: 26694341 PMCID: PMC6332464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The review will discuss in detail the effects of polyphenols on breast cancer, including both the advantages and disadvantages of the applications of these natural compounds. First, we focus on the characterization of the main classes of polyphenols and then on in vitro and in vivo experiments carried out in breast cancer models. Since the therapeutic effects of the administration of a single type of polyphenol might be limited because of the reduced bioavailability of these drugs, investigations on combination of several polyphenols or polyphenols with conventional therapy will also be discussed. In addition, we present recent data focusing on clinical trials with polyphenols and new approaches with nanoparticles in breast cancer. Besides the clinical and translational findings this review systematically summarizes our current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer effects of polyphenols, which are related to apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, plasma membrane receptors, signaling pathways and epigenetic mechanisms. At the same time the effects of polyphenols on primary tumor, metastasis and angiogenesis in breast cancer are discussed. The increasing enthusiasm regarding the combination of polyphenols and conventional therapy in breast cancer might lead to additional efforts to motivate further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Magdalena Mocanu
- Department of Biophysics, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Péter Nagy
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - János Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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106
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Zhang C. In vitro
Antioxidant Properties of E
uryale ferox
Seed Shell Extracts and their Preservation Effects on Pork Sausages. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuan Zhang
- School of Bio and Food Engineering; Chuzhou University; Chuzhou Anhui 239000 China
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107
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Yang Y, Qiao L, Zhang X, Wu Z, Weng P. Effect of methylated tea catechins from Chinese oolong tea on the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte. Fitoterapia 2015; 104:45-9. [PMID: 26002426 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As the important component of tea catechins in oolong tea, (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-(3-O-methyl) gallate (EGCG3″Me) has exhibited various beneficial effects, however, little attention about its obesity prevention effect is available. In this study, the inhibitory effects of tea catechin monomers, including their methylated forms on the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte were studied. The major methylated tea catechins in oolong tea were identified as EGCG3″Me and ECG3″Me. The accumulation of triglyceride was significantly reduced in a concentration-dependent manner in groups treated with EGCG3″Me at concentrations of 20, 40 and 80μg/mL, and the accumulation of lipid was decreased to 89.42±2.66%, 64.36±3.13% and 39.37±2.79%, respectively. Both EGCG3″Me and EGCG treatments showed a significant inhibitory effect on adipogenesis, while EGCG3″Me showed a relatively higher effect than EGCG, which was contrary to the results of cytotoxic activity. For ECG and ECG3″Me, ECG3″Me also showed a relatively higher antiobesity effect and lower cytotoxic activity. The results of activity screening showed that methylated tea catechins, including EGCG3″Me and ECG3″Me inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte. The difference of inhibitory effects for tested compounds may be due to their structural difference (the hydroxyl group at C-3 in D ring substituted by methoxy group).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Longliang Qiao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Peifang Weng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
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108
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Ding Y, Sun X, Chen Y, Deng Y, Qian K. Epigallocatechin gallate attenuated non-alcoholic steatohepatitis induced by methionine- and choline-deficient diet. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 761:405-12. [PMID: 25967348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progressive form, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), are the most common causes of chronic liver disease. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced NASH. Our data showed that EGCG significantly prevented MCD diet-induced liver and body weight loss. Histological analysis showed that EGCG inhibited MCD diet-induced steatohepatitis including fat accumulation and inflammatory cells infiltration. Biochemical analysis data showed that EGCG significantly reduced the elevation of plasma ALT and AST levels but increased plasma triglyceride and cholesterol contents. However, EGCG significantly inhibited hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol content in MCD diet fed mice. Consistent with histology results, EGCG treatment significantly inhibited MCD diet-induced IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 mRNA expression. As an antioxidant, EGCG treatment significant inhibited hepatic MDA contents and increased hepatic SOD contents. In addition, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, collagen I-α1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) mRNA expression, which are markers of hepatic fibrosis, were markedly inhibited by EGCG treatment. Western blot data showed that EGCG inhibited Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in the liver and LX-2 cells which were involved in TGF-β-induced pathway. Taken together, EGCG attenuated NASH induced by MCD diet associated with ameliorating fibrosis, oxidative stress, and hepatic inflammation. Our results indicate that EGCG has beneficial roles in the development of MCD diet-induced NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Deng
- Department of Geriatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Qian
- Department of Geriatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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109
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Li KC, Ho YL, Huang GJ, Chang YS. Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lobelia chinensis In Vitro and In Vivo. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:269-87. [PMID: 25787301 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lobelia chinensis Lour (LcL) is a popular herb that has been widely used as folk medicine in China for the treatment of fever, lung cancer, and inflammation for hundreds of years. Recently, several studies have shown that the anti-inflammatory properties were correlated with the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) from the NF-κB pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of L. chinensis. Both suppressive activities on LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro and the acute rat lung injury model in vivo were studied. The results showed that the methanol extract of LcL and its fractions within the range of 62.5–250 μg/mL did not induce cytotoxicity (p < 0.001). The ethyl acetate fraction of LcL showed better NO inhibition activity than other fractions. On the other hand, the Lc-EA (62.5, 125, 250 mg/kg) pretreated rats showed a decrease in the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-β, IL-6) and inhibited iNOS, COX-2 expression through the NF-κB pathway. These results suggested that L. chinensis exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect through the NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Cheng Li
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Ho
- Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Shiun Chang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Chinese Crude Drug Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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110
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Oshagh M, Khajeh F, Heidari S, Torkan S, Fattahi HR. The effect of different environmental factors on force degradation of three common systems of orthodontic space closure. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2015; 12:50-6. [PMID: 25709675 PMCID: PMC4336972 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.150331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Different environmental conditions, such as high temperature or exposure to some chemical agents, may affect the force decay of different methods of space closure during orthodontic treatment. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the force decay pattern in the presence of tea as a popular drink in some parts of the world and two mouthwashes that are usually prescribed by the orthodontist once the treatment is in progress. Materials and Methods: Elastic chain (EC), nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) closed coil spring and tie-back (TB) method were used as the means of space closure. The specimens were placed in five different media: Hot tea, hot water (65°), chlorhexidine mouthwash, fluoride mouthwash and the control group (water at 37°). The specimens were stretched 25 mm and the elastic force of three systems was measured at the beginning of the study, after 24 h, after 1 week and after 3 weeks. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the results between the groups and Duncan test was carried out to compare the sets of means in different groups (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Tea increases the force decay in the EC and TB groups. Oral mouthwashes also resulted in more rapid force decay than the control group. EC and Ni-Ti groups were not much affected in the presence of oral mouthwashes. Conclusion: Regarding the immersion media, TB method showed the biggest variation in different media and Ni-Ti coil spring was least affected by the type of media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Oshagh
- Orthodontic Research Center and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Khajeh
- Orthodontic Research Center and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Heidari
- Department of Orthodontic Research Center and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Sepideh Torkan
- Orthodontic Research Center and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Fattahi
- Orthodontic Research Center and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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111
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Abliz G, Mijit F, Hua L, Abdixkur G, Ablimit T, Amat N, Upur H. Anti-carcinogenic effects of the phenolic-rich extract from abnormal Savda Munziq in association with its cytotoxicity, apoptosis-inducing properties and telomerase activity in human cervical cancer cells (SiHa). Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:23. [PMID: 25880193 PMCID: PMC4331379 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0530-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal Savda Munziq (ASMq) is a herbal preparation used in Traditional Uighur Medicine for the treatment cancer. The polyphenol is main compounds contained in ASMq preparation responsible for anticancer effect of ASMq. METHODS In this study,Real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) assay, MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to investigate the effect of polyphenol of ASMq on cell viability and the potential of the phenolic rich extracts of ASMq to induce apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells SiHa and its effects on telomerase activity were investigated. Cellular morphological change was observed by phase contrast microscopy. The MTT cell viability data revealed that treatment with phenolic rich extracts at 75 ~ 175 μg/ml significantly inhibited the viability and proliferation of cells, and these effects occurred in a concentration-dependent manner and time dependent manner (P < 0.01). RESULTS The phenolic rich extracts can induce apoptosis of SiHa cells, can increase the apoptosis rate in a concentration-dependent manner and time dependent manner (P < 0.01). Growth inhibition and apoptosis induction by phenolic rich extracts treatment on SiHa cells was associated with down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression and telomerase (P < 0.05) and Survivin expression. In addition, phenolic rich extracts exerted a dose-dependent induction of FHIT expression. CONCLUSION These results suggest that phenolic rich extracts may have anti-tumor effects in human cervical cancer through cytotoxicity, apoptosis-inducing properties and telomerase activity.
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112
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Murray M, Walchuk C, Suh M, Jones PJ. Green tea catechins and cardiovascular disease risk factors: Should a health claim be made by the United States Food and Drug Administration? Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Tao L, Park JY, Lambert JD. Differential prooxidative effects of the green tea polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, in normal and oral cancer cells are related to differences in sirtuin 3 signaling. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:203-11. [PMID: 25329972 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE We have previously reported that the green tea catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), can induce oxidative stress in oral cancer cells but exerts antioxidant effects in normal cells. Here, we report that these differential prooxidative effects are associated with sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), an important mitochondrial redox modulator. METHODS AND RESULTS EGCG rapidly induced mitochondria-localized reactive oxygen species in human oral squamous carcinoma cells (SCC-25, SCC-9) and premalignant leukoplakia cells (MSK-Leuk1), but not in normal human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF-1). EGCG suppressed SIRT3 mRNA and protein expression, as well as, SIRT3 activity in SCC-25 cells, whereas it increased SIRT3 activity in HGF-1 cells. EGCG selectively decreased the nuclear localization of the estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), the transcription factor regulating SIRT3 expression, in SCC-25 cells. This indicates that EGCG may regulate SIRT3 transcription in oral cancer cells via ERRα. EGCG also differentially modulated the mRNA expressions of SIRT3-associated downstream targets including glutathione peroxidase 1 and superoxide dismutase 2 in normal and oral cancer cells. CONCLUSION SIRT3 represents a novel potential target through which EGCG exerts differential prooxidant effects in cancer and normal cells. Our results provide new biomarkers to be further explored in animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tao
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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114
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Sbrana C, Avio L, Giovannetti M. Beneficial mycorrhizal symbionts affecting the production of health-promoting phytochemicals. Electrophoresis 2015; 35:1535-46. [PMID: 25025092 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fresh fruits and vegetables are largely investigated for their content in vitamins, mineral nutrients, dietary fibers, and plant secondary metabolites, collectively called phytochemicals, which play a beneficial role in human health. Quantity and quality of phytochemicals may be detected by using different analytical techniques, providing accurate quantification and identification of single molecules, along with their molecular structures, and allowing metabolome analyses of plant-based foods. Phytochemicals concentration and profiles are affected by biotic and abiotic factors linked to plant genotype, crop management, harvest season, soil quality, available nutrients, light, and water. Soil health and biological fertility play a key role in the production of safe plant foods, as a result of the action of beneficial soil microorganisms, in particular of the root symbionts arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. They improve plant nutrition and health and induce changes in secondary metabolism leading to enhanced biosynthesis of health-promoting phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, carotenoids, flavonoids, phytoestrogens, and to a higher activity of antioxidant enzymes. In this review we discuss reports on health-promoting phytochemicals and analytical methods used for their identification and quantification in plants, and on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi impact on fruits and vegetables nutritional and nutraceutical value.
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115
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116
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Deconinck E, Custers D, De Beer JO. Identification of (antioxidative) plants in herbal pharmaceutical preparations and dietary supplements. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1208:181-199. [PMID: 25323508 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1441-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The standard procedures for the identification, authentication, and quality control of medicinal plants and herbs are nowadays limited to pure herbal products. No guidelines or procedures, describing the detection or identification of a targeted plant or herb in pharmaceutical preparations or dietary supplements, can be found. In these products the targeted plant is often present together with other components of herbal or synthetic origin. This chapter describes a strategy for the fast development of a chromatographic fingerprint approach that allows the identification of a targeted plant in herbal preparations and dietary supplements. The strategy consists of a standard chromatographic gradient that is tested for the targeted plant with different extraction solvents and different mobile phases. From the results obtained, the optimal fingerprint is selected. Subsequently the samples are analyzed according to the selected methodological parameters, and the obtained fingerprints can be compared with the one obtained for the pure herbal product or a standard preparation. Calculation of the dissimilarity between these fingerprints will result in a probability of presence of the targeted plant. Optionally mass spectrometry can be used to improve specificity, to confirm identification, or to identify molecules with a potential medicinal or antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Deconinck
- Division of Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, Section Medicinal Products, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, Brussels, 1050, Belgium,
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Plonska-Brzezinska ME, Bobrowska DM, Sharma A, Rodziewicz P, Tomczyk M, Czyrko J, Brzezinski K. Triple helical collagen-like peptide interactions with selected polyphenolic compounds. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15469c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Because collagen is the most abundant component of connective tissue, it is an excellent biomaterial in numerous medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Plonska-Brzezinska
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Bialystok
- 15-399 Bialystok
- Poland
| | - D. M. Bobrowska
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Bialystok
- 15-399 Bialystok
- Poland
| | - A. Sharma
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire
- Ecole Polytechnique
- CNRS
- 91128 Palaiseau Cedex
- France
| | - P. Rodziewicz
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Bialystok
- 15-399 Bialystok
- Poland
| | - M. Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Medical University of Bialystok
- 15-230 Bialystok
- Poland
| | - J. Czyrko
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Bialystok
- 15-399 Bialystok
- Poland
| | - K. Brzezinski
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Bialystok
- 15-399 Bialystok
- Poland
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Lizcano LJ, Siles M, Trepiana J, Hernández ML, Navarro R, Ruiz-Larrea MB, Ruiz-Sanz JI. Piper and Vismia species from Colombian Amazonia differentially affect cell proliferation of hepatocarcinoma cells. Nutrients 2014; 7:179-95. [PMID: 25558904 PMCID: PMC4303832 DOI: 10.3390/nu7010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest to identify plant-derived natural products with antitumor activities. In this work, we have studied the effects of aqueous leaf extracts from Amazonian Vismia and Piper species on human hepatocarcinoma cell toxicity. Results showed that, depending on the cell type, the plants displayed differential effects; thus, Vismia baccifera induced the selective killing of HepG2, while increasing cell growth of PLC-PRF and SK-HEP-1. In contrast, these two last cell lines were sensitive to the toxicity by Piper krukoffii and Piper putumayoense, while the Piperaceae did not affect HepG2 growth. All the extracts induced cytotoxicity to rat hepatoma McA-RH7777, but were innocuous (V. baccifera at concentrations < 75 µg/mL) or even protected cells from basal death (P. putumayoense) in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. In every case, cytotoxicity was accompanied by an intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results provide evidence for the anticancer activities of the studied plants on specific cell lines and suggest that cell killing could be mediated by ROS, thus involving mechanisms independent of the plants free radical scavenging activities. Results also support the use of these extracts of the Vismia and Piper genera with opposite effects as a model system to study the mechanisms of the antitumoral activity against different types of hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro J Lizcano
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - Maite Siles
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - M Luisa Hernández
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - Rosaura Navarro
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - M Begoña Ruiz-Larrea
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - José Ignacio Ruiz-Sanz
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
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Lu Y, Wang J, Yu Y, Shi L, Kong F. Changes in the physiology and gene expression of Microcystis aeruginosa under EGCG stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 117:164-169. [PMID: 25016428 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
EGCG (Epigallocatechin-3-gallate) has an allelopathic inhibitory effect on Microcystis aeruginosa. Cellular structure, physiological and biochemical reactions and gene expression were examined to explore the mechanism of inhibition. As was shown in electron microscopy, the structure of the cell wall, cell membrane and thylakoid was disrupted by EGCG. EGCG also reduced the efficiency of photosynthesis and the electron transfer rate in M. aeruginosa cells, as was determined with a flow cytometer. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that gene expression of the core proteins of the photosynthesis centers PSI and PSII and ATP synthase were reduced, while the expression of the phycobilisome degradation protein A gene (nbl A) was elevated. The expression of the universal stress protein gene increased, which would enhance the adaptive capacity of Microcystis cells to polyphenols and oxidative stress. Furthermore, EGCG elevated the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in M. aeruginosa cells, and thus caused oxidative cellular damage. When treated with EGCG at low concentrations (10 and 40 mg L(-)(1)), the cells were able to activate defense systems to degrade the excess ROS. But at a concentration of 70 mg L(-)(1), oxidative stress exceeded tolerance limits, and the cells were severely damaged. We concluded that damage to photosynthesis and oxidative stress were the primary mechanisms for the allelopathic effect of EGCG on M. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Lu
- Biological Experiment Teaching Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- Biological Experiment Teaching Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Limei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Fanxiang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Wu ZJ, Li XH, Liu ZW, Xu ZS, Zhuang J. De novo assembly and transcriptome characterization: novel insights into catechins biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:277. [PMID: 25316555 PMCID: PMC4203915 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-014-0277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tea is a popular natural non-alcoholic beverage consumed worldwide due to its bioactive ingredients, particularly catechins (flavan-3-ols). Catechins not only contribute to tea quality but also serve important functions in the anti-stress regulation of secondary metabolic pathways. However, the percentages of various catechins are different among tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] cultivars. This study aimed to elucidate the biosynthetic mechanism of catechins. Transcriptomes from leaf tissues of four tea plant cultivars, 'Yunnanshilixiang', 'Chawansanhao', 'Ruchengmaoyecha', and 'Anjibaicha', were sequenced using the high-throughput sequencing platform Illumina HiSeq™ 2000. De novo assemble were also performed. Catechins contents were measured through reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and the biosynthetic pathway was also surveyed. RESULTS We constructed a unified unigene database. A total of 146,342 pairs of putative orthologs from the four tea plant cultivars, 'Yunnanshilixiang', 'Chawansanhao', 'Ruchengmaoyecha', and 'Anjibaicha' were generated. Approximately 68,890 unigenes (47.1%) were aligned to the sequences of seven public databases with a cut-off E-value of 1E-5. A total of 217 differentially expressed genes were found through RPKM values, and 150 unigenes were assigned to the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway using the integrated function annotation. The (-)-EGC and (-)-EC contents were significantly lower and the (+)-GC and (+)-C contents were abnormally higher in 'Ruchengmaoyecha' than in 'Yunnanshilixiang', 'Chawansanhao', and 'Anjibaicha'. The proportion of catechins was confirmed by selecting critical genes (ANS, ANR, and LAR) for qRT-PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study provided a global survey of transcriptomes from four tea plant cultivars and serves as an available resource of genetic diversity. The analyses of transcriptome profiles and physiological indicators not only identified the putative genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway but also provided some novel insights for the mechanisms of catechins biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Wu
- />Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xing-Hui Li
- />Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Zhi-Wei Liu
- />Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Xu
- />State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jing Zhuang
- />Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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121
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Raymond M, Holtz-Mulholland M, Collins SK. Macrocyclic Olefin Metathesis at High Concentrations by Using a Phase-Separation Strategy. Chemistry 2014; 20:12763-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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122
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Fu Y, Nath RG, Dyba M, Cruz IM, Pondicherry SR, Fernandez A, Schultz CL, Yang P, Pan J, Desai D, Krzeminski J, Amin S, Christov PP, Hara Y, Chung FL. In vivo detection of a novel endogenous etheno-DNA adduct derived from arachidonic acid and the effects of antioxidants on its formation. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 73:12-20. [PMID: 24816294 PMCID: PMC4114339 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that 7-(1',2'-dihydroxyheptyl)-substituted etheno DNA adducts are products of reactions with the epoxide of (E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, an oxidation product of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In this work, we report the detection of 7-(1',2'-dihydroxyheptyl)-1,N(6)-ethenodeoxyadenosine (DHHedA) in rodent and human tissues by two independent methods: a (32)P-postlabeling/HPLC method and an isotope dilution liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method, demonstrating for the first time that DHHedA is a background DNA lesion in vivo. We showed that DHHedA can be formed upon incubation of arachidonic acid with deoxyadenosine, supporting the notion that ω-6 PUFAs are the endogenous source of DHHedA formation. Because cyclic adducts are derived from the oxidation of PUFAs, we subsequently examined the effects of antioxidants, α-lipoic acid, Polyphenon E, and vitamin E, on the formation of DHHedA and γ-hydroxy-1,N(2)-propanodeoxyguanosine (γ-OHPdG), a widely studied acrolein-derived adduct arising from oxidized PUFAs, in the livers of Long Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats. LEC rats are afflicted with elevated lipid peroxidation and prone to the development of hepatocellular carcinomas. The results showed that although the survival of LEC rats was increased significantly by α-lipoic acid, none of the antioxidants inhibited the formation of DHHedA, and only Polyphenon E decreased the formation of γ-OHPdG. In contrast, vitamin E caused a significant increase in the formation of both γ-OHPdG and DHHedA in the livers of LEC rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Raghu G Nath
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Marcin Dyba
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Idalia M Cruz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Sharanya R Pondicherry
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Aileen Fernandez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Casey L Schultz
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054
| | - Peiying Yang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054
| | - Jishen Pan
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Jacek Krzeminski
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Plamen P Christov
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235
| | | | - Fung-Lung Chung
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
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Maternal consumption of coffee and tea during pregnancy and risk of childhood brain tumors: results from an Australian case–control study. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 25:1321-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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124
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Naselli F, Tesoriere L, Caradonna F, Bellavia D, Attanzio A, Gentile C, Livrea MA. Anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity of whole extract and isolated indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus-indica associated with re-activation of the onco-suppressor p16(INK4a) gene in human colorectal carcinoma (Caco-2) cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:652-8. [PMID: 24937448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals may exert chemo-preventive effects on cells of the gastro-intestinal tract by modulating epigenome-regulated gene expression. The effect of the aqueous extract from the edible fruit of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI extract), and of its betalain pigment indicaxanthin (Ind), on proliferation of human colon cancer Caco-2 cells has been investigated. Whole extract and Ind caused a dose-dependent apoptosis of proliferating cells at nutritionally relevant amounts, with IC50 400±25 mg fresh pulp equivalents/mL, and 115±15 μM (n=9), respectively, without toxicity for post-confluent differentiated cells. Ind accounted for ∼80% of the effect of the whole extract. Ind did not cause oxidative stress in proliferating Caco-2 cells. Epigenomic activity of Ind was evident as de-methylation of the tumor suppressor p16(INK4a) gene promoter, reactivation of the silenced mRNA expression and accumulation of p16(INK4a), a major controller of cell cycle. As a consequence, decrease of hyper-phosphorylated, in favor of the hypo-phosphorylated retinoblastoma was observed, with unaltered level of the cycline-dependent kinase CDK4. Cell cycle showed arrest in the G2/M-phase. Dietary cactus pear fruit and Ind may have chemo-preventive potential in intestinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flores Naselli
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Caradonna
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Carla Gentile
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria A Livrea
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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125
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Antioxidant effects of Camellia sinensis L. extract in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Food Drug Anal 2014; 22:505-511. [PMID: 28911467 PMCID: PMC9355006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has dramatically increased in the past decade. Furthermore, increasing evidence from research shows that oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and in its complications. A search for ways to reduce oxidative damage has become the focus of interest for the majority of scientists. In this study, we determined the radical scavenging activity of single green tea constituents by using an on-line high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and evaluated the antioxidant effects on type 2 diabetic patients by performing a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Epigallocatechin gallate was identified as the most potent antioxidant, contributing approximately 50% of the total antioxidant capacity of green tea extract. We also found a statistically significant decrement of lipid peroxidation markers in patients treated with green tea extract after 9 months or after 18 months of follow-up. Overall, these findings are attractive for diabetic patients, helping them to keep a high level of performance and well-being, which ultimately may delay the time of disability and reduce mortality.
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126
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Naturally occurring polyphenolic inhibitors of amyloid beta aggregation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3108-12. [PMID: 24878198 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease and is one of the main causes of death in developed countries. Consumption of foods rich in polyphenolics is strongly correlated with reduced incidence of Alzheimer's disease. Our study has investigated the biological activity of previously untested polyphenolic compounds in preventing amyloid β aggregation. The anti-aggregatory potential of these compounds was assessed using the Thioflavin-T assay, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and size exclusion chromatography. Two structurally related compounds, luteolin and transilitin were identified as potent inhibitors of Aβ fibril formation. Computational docking studies with an X-ray derived oligomeric structure offer a rationale for the inhibitory activity observed and may facilitate development of improved inhibitors of Aβ aggregation and toxicity.
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127
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Ali Hussei S, A. Ragab O, A. El-Eshm M. Protective Effect of Green Tea Extract on Cyclosporine A: Induced Nephrotoxicity
in Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2014.248.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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128
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Cani PD, Geurts L, Matamoros S, Plovier H, Duparc T. Glucose metabolism: focus on gut microbiota, the endocannabinoid system and beyond. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2014; 40:246-57. [PMID: 24631413 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is now considered as a key factor in the regulation of numerous metabolic pathways. Growing evidence suggests that cross-talk between gut bacteria and host is achieved through specific metabolites (such as short-chain fatty acids) and molecular patterns of microbial membranes (lipopolysaccharides) that activate host cell receptors (such as toll-like receptors and G-protein-coupled receptors). The endocannabinoid (eCB) system is an important target in the context of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and inflammation. It has been demonstrated that eCB system activity is involved in the control of glucose and energy metabolism, and can be tuned up or down by specific gut microbes (for example, Akkermansia muciniphila). Numerous studies have also shown that the composition of the gut microbiota differs between obese and/or T2D individuals and those who are lean and non-diabetic. Although some shared taxa are often cited, there is still no clear consensus on the precise microbial composition that triggers metabolic disorders, and causality between specific microbes and the development of such diseases is yet to be proven in humans. Nevertheless, gastric bypass is most likely the most efficient procedure for reducing body weight and treating T2D. Interestingly, several reports have shown that the gut microbiota is profoundly affected by the procedure. It has been suggested that the consistent postoperative increase in certain bacterial groups such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia (A. muciniphila) may explain its beneficial impact in gnotobiotic mice. Taken together, these data suggest that specific gut microbes modulate important host biological systems that contribute to the control of energy homoeostasis, glucose metabolism and inflammation in obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition research group, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - L Geurts
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition research group, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Matamoros
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition research group, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Plovier
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition research group, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - T Duparc
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition research group, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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129
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Tea consumption and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies. Nutrition 2014; 30:1122-7. [PMID: 25194612 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent epidemiologic studies, especially cohort and case-control studies, have yielded inconsistent findings regarding the association between tea consumption and risk for lung cancer. The aim of this study was to assess a potential relationship between tea consumption and the incidence of lung cancer worldwide. METHODS A systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, the Chinese Biomedical Database, and Wanfang Database was conducted from 1966 to January 2014 by two investigators. All cohort studies and case-control studies that evaluated the association of tea and lung cancer were included. Summary relative risks (RR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Quality assessments were performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q and I(2) tests, and the source of heterogeneity was detected by meta-regression analysis. Publication bias was evaluated with Egger's regression symmetry test. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analysis were performed. RESULTS Thirty-eight lung cancer studies (26 case-control studies and 12 cohort studies) with 59,041 cases and 396,664 controls were included. Overall tea consumption was significantly associated with decreased risk for lung cancer (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.70-0.87). Subgroup analyses showed that tea consumption was associated with reduced risk for lung cancer in women (RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62-0.93), case-control studies (RR 0.72; 95% CI 0.63-0.83), Western studies (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75-0.97), and studies in China and Japan (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62-0.88). Both green tea (RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.62-0.91) and black tea (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.71-0.94) were significantly associated with reduced lung cancer risk. No significant association was found in men or in cohort studies. CONCLUSION Tea consumption may offer some protection against lung cancer.
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Grujičić D, Stošić I, Kosanić M, Stanojković T, Ranković B, Milošević-Djordjević O. Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, genotoxic and anticancer activities of lichen Cetraria islandica. Cytotechnology 2014; 66:803-13. [PMID: 24590925 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-013-9629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the antioxidant, antimicrobial, genotoxic and anticancer activities of Cetraria islandica methanol extract were determined by using free radical and superoxide anion scavenging activity, reducing power, determination of total phenolic compounds and flavonoid contents, broth microdilution minimal inhibitory concentration against five bacterial and five fungal species, cytokinesis block micronucleus (MN) assay on peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and the microculture tetrazolium test on FemX (human melanoma) and LS174 (human colon carcinoma) cell lines. As a result of the study, we found that C. islandica methanol extract exhibited moderate free-radical-scavenging activity with IC50 values 678.38 μg/ml. Moreover, the tested extract had effective reducing power and superoxide anion radical scavenging. The minimal inhibitory concentration values against the tested microorganisms ranged from 0.312 to 5 mg/ml. The extract increased MN frequency in a dose dependent manner, but it was significant in higher tested concentrations (50, 100 and 200 μg/ml). No significant differences were observed between NDI values in all treatments and untreated PBLs. In addition, the tested extract had strong anticancer activity towards both cell lines with IC50 values of 22.68 and 33.74 μg/ml. It can be concluded that the tested extract exhibited a certain level of in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, genotoxic and anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko Grujičić
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
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131
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Liang J, Li F, Fang Y, Yang W, An X, Zhao L, Xin Z, Cao L, Hu Q. Cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects of tea polyphenol-loaded chitosan nanoparticles on human hepatoma HepG2 cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 36:7-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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132
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Liu W, Xu Z, Deng Y, Xu B, Yang H, Wei Y, Feng S. Excitotoxicity and oxidative damages induced by methylmercury in rat cerebral cortex and the protective effects of tea polyphenols. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:269-283. [PMID: 22223486 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a highly neurotoxic environmental pollutant that has a high appetency to the central nervous system. The underlying mechanisms of MeHg-induced neurotoxicity have not been elucidated clearly until now. Therefore, to explore the mechanisms contribute to MeHg-induced neurotoxicity, rats were exposed to different dosage of methylmercury chloride (CH3 ClHg) (0, 4, and 12 μmol kg(-1)) for 4 weeks to evaluate the neurotoxic effects of MeHg. In addition, considering the antioxidative properties of tea polyphenols (TP), 1 mmol kg(-1) TP was pretreated to observe the possible protective effects on MeHg-induced neurotoxicity. Then Hg, glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) levels, glutamine synthetase (GS), phosphate-activated glutaminase (PAG), Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, and Ca(2+)-ATPase activities, intracellular Ca(2+) level were examined, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein sulfhydryl, carbonyl, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) mRNA and protein expressions, apoptosis level and morphological changes in the cerebral cortex were also investigated. Study results showed that compared with those in control, exposure to CH3 ClHg resulted in excitotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner, which was shown by the Glu-Gln cycle disruption and intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis disturbance. On the other hand, CH3 ClHg exposure resulted in oxidative damages of brain, which were supported by the significant changes on GSH, MDA, sulfhydryl, carbonyl, 8-OHdG, and ROS levels. Moreover, apoptosis rate increased obviously and many morphological changes were found after CH3 ClHg exposure. Furthermore, this research indicated that TP pretreatment significantly mitigated the toxic effects of MeHg. In conclusion, findings from this study indicated that exposure to MeHg could induce excitotoxicity and oxidative damage in cerebral cortex while TP might antagonize the MeHg-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, North 2nd Road 92, Heping Ward, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
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133
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Zhu KX, Dai X, Guo X, Peng W, Zhou HM. Retarding effects of organic acids, hydrocolloids and microwave treatment on the discoloration of green tea fresh noodles. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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134
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135
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Lambert JD. Does tea prevent cancer? Evidence from laboratory and human intervention studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 98:1667S-1675S. [PMID: 24172300 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.059352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis) is a widely consumed beverage and has been extensively studied for its cancer-preventive activity. Both the polyphenolic constituents as well as the caffeine in tea have been implicated as potential cancer-preventive compounds; the relative importance seems to depend on the cancer type. Green tea and the green tea catechin have been shown to inhibit tumorigenesis at a number of organ sites and to be effective when administered either during the initiation or postinitiation phases of carcinogenesis. Black tea, although not as well studied as green tea, has also shown cancer-preventive effects in laboratory models. A number of potential mechanisms have been proposed to account for the cancer-preventive effects of tea, including modulation of phase II metabolism, alterations in redox environment, inhibition of growth factor signaling, and others. In addition to the laboratory studies, there is a growing body of human intervention studies suggesting that tea can slow cancer progression and modify biomarkers relevant to carcinogenesis. Although available data are promising, many questions remain with regard to the dose-response relations of tea constituents in various models, the primary mechanisms of action, and the potential for combination chemoprevention strategies that involve tea as well as other dietary or pharmaceutical agents. The present review examines the available data from laboratory animal and human intervention studies on tea and cancer prevention. These data were evaluated, and areas for further research are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Lambert
- Center of Excellence for Plant and Mushroom Foods for Health, the Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
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136
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Sánchez-Tena S, Vizán P, Dudeja P, Centelles J, Cascante M. Green tea phenolics inhibit butyrate-induced differentiation of colon cancer cells by interacting with monocarboxylate transporter 1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2013; 1832:2264-70. [PMID: 23994611 PMCID: PMC4889458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diet has a significant impact on colorectal cancer and both dietary fiber and plant-derived compounds have been independently shown to be inversely related to colon cancer risk. Butyrate (NaB), one of the principal products of dietary fiber fermentation, induces differentiation of colon cancer cell lines by inhibiting histone deacetylases (HDACs). On the other hand, (-)-epicatechin (EC) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), two abundant phenolic compounds of green tea, have been shown to exhibit antitumoral properties. In this study we used colon cancer cell lines to study the cellular and molecular events that take place during co-treatment with NaB, EC and EGCG. We found that (i) polyphenols EC and EGCG fail to induce differentiation of colon adenocarcinoma cell lines; (ii) polyphenols EC and EGCG reduce NaB-induced differentiation; (iii) the effect of the polyphenols is specific for NaB, since differentiation induced by other agents, such as trichostatin A (TSA), was unaltered upon EC and EGCG treatment, and (iv) is independent of the HDAC inhibitory activity of NaB. Also, (v) polyphenols partially reduce cellular NaB; and (vi) on a molecular level, reduction of cellular NaB uptake by polyphenols is achieved by impairing the capacity of NaB to relocalize its own transporter (monocarboxylate transporter 1, MCT1) in the plasma membrane. Our findings suggest that beneficial effects of NaB on colorectal cancer may be reduced by green tea phenolic supplementation. This valuable information should be of assistance in choosing a rational design for more effective diet-driven therapeutic interventions in the prevention or treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sánchez-Tena
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IBUB, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona and Unit Associated with CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - P. Vizán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IBUB, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona and Unit Associated with CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - P.K. Dudeja
- Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - J.J. Centelles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IBUB, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona and Unit Associated with CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Cascante
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IBUB, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona and Unit Associated with CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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137
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The effect of apigenin on pharmacokinetics of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:789184. [PMID: 24369535 PMCID: PMC3863468 DOI: 10.1155/2013/789184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of apigenin on the pharmacokinetics of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: A group (the control group), B group (the long-term administration of 165 mg/kg apigenin for 15 days), C group (a single dose of 165 mg/kg apigenin), and D group (a single dose of 252 mg/kg apigenin). The serum concentrations of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib were measured by HPLC, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS 3.0 software. The parameters of AUC(0−t), AUC(0−∞), Tmax, Vz/F, and CLz/F for imatinib in group B were different from those in group A (P < 0.05). Besides, MRT(0−t) and MRT(0−∞) in groups C and D differed distinctly from those in group A as well. The parameters of AUC(0−t) and Cmax for N-desmethyl imatinib in group C were significantly lower than those in group A (P < 0.05); however, compared with groups B and D, the magnitude of effect was modest. Those results indicated that apigenin in the short-term study inhibited the metabolism of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib, while in the long-term study the metabolism could be accelerated.
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138
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Hiasa M, Kurokawa M, Ohta K, Esumi T, Akita H, Niki K, Yagi Y, Echigo N, Hatakeyama D, Kuzuhara T. Identification and purification of resorcinol, an antioxidant specific to Awa-ban (pickled and anaerobically fermented) tea. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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139
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Liu Y, Pukala TL, Musgrave IF, Williams DM, Dehle FC, Carver JA. Gallic acid is the major component of grape seed extract that inhibits amyloid fibril formation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:6336-40. [PMID: 24157371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Many protein misfolding diseases, for example, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's, are characterised by the accumulation of protein aggregates in an amyloid fibrillar form. Natural products which inhibit fibril formation are a promising avenue to explore as therapeutics for the treatment of these diseases. In this study we have shown, using in vitro thioflavin T assays and transmission electron microscopy, that grape seed extract inhibits fibril formation of kappa-casein (κ-CN), a milk protein which forms amyloid fibrils spontaneously under physiological conditions. Among the components of grape seed extract, gallic acid was the most active component at inhibiting κ-CN fibril formation, by stabilizing κ-CN to prevent its aggregation. Concomitantly, gallic acid significantly reduced the toxicity of κ-CN to pheochromocytoma12 cells. Furthermore, gallic acid effectively inhibited fibril formation by the amyloid-beta peptide, the putative causative agent in Alzheimer's disease. It is concluded that the gallate moiety has the fibril-inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Physics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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140
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Abstract
In order to improving the stability and bioavailability of tea polyphenols (TP), the TP/starchinclusion complex(TPSIC) was prepared by adding TP to starch slurry during gelatinization, and its TPreleasing behaviorswas investigated. The formation of inclusion complex was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The TPSIC showed a characteristic of V-type crystallinity and a looser gel matrix. The encapsulation increased the stability of TP and generated a good releasing behavior after enzymatic erosion. The lower releasing rate indicated that the prepared inclusion complexes had good retention ability and effectively reduced the releasing rate of TP. The releasing rate of TPSIC increased with the increase of TP concentration.
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141
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Mikutis G, Karaköse H, Jaiswal R, LeGresley A, Islam T, Fernandez-Lahore M, Kuhnert N. Phenolic promiscuity in the cell nucleus--epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate from green and black tea bind to model cell nuclear structures including histone proteins, double stranded DNA and telomeric quadruplex DNA. Food Funct 2013; 4:328-37. [PMID: 23172122 DOI: 10.1039/c2fo30159h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Flavanols from tea have been reported to accumulate in the cell nucleus in considerable concentrations. The nature of this phenomenon, which could provide novel approaches in understanding the well-known beneficial health effects of tea phenols, is investigated in this contribution. The interaction between epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from green tea and a selection of theaflavins from black tea with selected cell nuclear structures such as model histone proteins, double stranded DNA and quadruplex DNA was investigated using mass spectrometry, Circular Dichroism spectroscopy and fluorescent assays. The selected polyphenols were shown to display affinity to all of the selected cell nuclear structures, thereby demonstrating a degree of unexpected molecular promiscuity. Most interestingly theaflavin-digallate was shown to display the highest affinity to quadruplex DNA reported for any naturally occurring molecule reported so far. This finding has immediate implications in rationalising the chemopreventive effect of the tea beverage against cancer and possibly the role of tea phenolics as "life span essentials".
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Affiliation(s)
- Gediminas Mikutis
- Jacobs University Bremen, School of Engineering and Science, Bremen, Germany
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142
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Wang L, Dong Y, Men H, Tong J, Zhou J. Preparation and characterization of active films based on chitosan incorporated tea polyphenols. Food Hydrocoll 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2012.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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143
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Geybels MS, Verhage BAJ, Arts ICW, van Schooten FJ, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA. Dietary flavonoid intake, black tea consumption, and risk of overall and advanced stage prostate cancer. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 177:1388-98. [PMID: 23722011 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kws419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural antioxidants found in various foods, and a major source is black tea. Some experimental evidence indicates that flavonoids could prevent prostate cancer. We investigated the associations between flavonoid intake, black tea consumption, and prostate cancer risk in the Netherlands Cohort study, which includes 58,279 men who provided detailed baseline information on several cancer risk factors. From 1986 to 2003, 3,362 prostate cancers were identified, including 1,164 advanced (stage III/IV) cancers. Cox proportional hazards regression using the case-cohort approach was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Intake of total catechin, epicatechin, kaempferol, and myricetin and consumption of black tea were associated with a decreased risk of stage III/IV or stage IV prostate cancer. Hazard ratios of stage III/IV and stage IV prostate cancer for the highest versus the lowest category of black tea consumption (≥5 versus ≤1 cups/day) were 0.75 (95% confidence interval: 0.59, 0.97) and 0.67 (95% confidence interval: 0.50, 0.91), respectively. No associations were observed for overall and nonadvanced prostate cancer. In conclusion, dietary flavonoid intake and black tea consumption were associated with a decreased risk of advanced stage prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan S Geybels
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology,Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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144
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Neuroprotective effect of tea polyphenols on oxyhemoglobin induced subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:743938. [PMID: 23840920 PMCID: PMC3686094 DOI: 10.1155/2013/743938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Tea polyphenols are of great benefit to the treatment of several neurodegenerative diseases. In order to explore the neuroprotective effects of tea polyphenols and their potential mechanisms, an established in vivo subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model was used and alterations of mitochondrial function, ATP content, and cytochrome c (cyt c) in cerebral cortex were detected. This study showed that the alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential was an early event in SAH progression. The trend of ATP production was similar to that of mitochondrial membrane potential, indicating that the lower the mitochondrial membrane potential, lesser the ATP produced. Due to mitochondrial dysfunction, more cyt c was released in the SAH group. Interestingly, the preadministration of tea polyphenols significantly rescued the mitochondrial membrane potential to basal level, as well as the ATP content and the cyt c level in the brain cortex 12 h after SAH. After pretreatment with tea polyphenols, the neurological outcome was also improved. The results provide strong evidence that tea polyphenols enhance neuroprotective effects by inhibiting polarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, increasing ATP content, and blocking cyt c release.
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145
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Carulli G, Rocco M, Panichi A, Chios CF, Ciurli E, Mannucci C, Sordi E, Caracciolo F, Papineschi F, Benedetti E, Petrini M. Treatment of oral mucositis in hematologic patients undergoing autologous or allogeneic transplantation of peripheral blood stem cells: a prospective, randomized study with a mouthwash containing camelia sinensis leaf extract. Hematol Rep 2013; 5:21-5. [PMID: 23888242 PMCID: PMC3719109 DOI: 10.4081/hr.2013.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis is an important side effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCST), mainly due to toxicity of conditioning regimens. It produces significant pain and morbidity. The present study reports a prospective, randomized, non-blinded study testing the efficacy of a new mouthwash, called Baxidil Onco(®) (Sanitas Farmaceutici Srl, Tortona, Italy) in 60 hematologic patients undergoing HCST (28 autologous, 32 allogeneic). Baxidil Onco(®), used three times a day from Day -1 to Day +30, in addition to standard prophylactic schedules, was administered to 14 patients undergoing autologous and 14 patients undergoing allogeneic HCST. The remaining 32 patients (14 autologous and 18 HCST) were treated only with standard prophylactic schedules and served as control. In our study, the overall incidence of oral mucositis, measured according to the World Health Organization 0-4 scale, was 50% in the Baxidl Onco(®) group versus 82% in the control group (P=0.022). In addition, a significant reduction in scale 2-4 oral mucositis was observed in the Baxidil Onco(®) group (25% vs 56.2%; P=0.0029). The results obtained indicate that incidence, severity and duration of oral mucositis induced by conditioning regimens for HCST can be significantly reduced by oral rinsing with Baxidil Onco(®), in addition to the standard prophylaxis scheme. Since Camelia Sinensin extract, which is used to produce green tea, is the main agent in this mouthwash, we hypothesize that the anti-oxidative properties of polyphenolic compounds of tea might exert protective effects on oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Carulli
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Santa Chiara Hospital , Pisa
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146
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Inhibitory effect of soy protein coating formulations on walnut (Juglans regia L.) kernels against lipid oxidation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2012.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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147
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Darvesh AS, Bishayee A. Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Potential of Tea Polyphenols in Hepatocellular Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2013; 65:329-44. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.767367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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148
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149
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Geybels MS, Neuhouser ML, Stanford JL. Associations of tea and coffee consumption with prostate cancer risk. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24:941-8. [PMID: 23412806 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-013-0170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tea and coffee contain bioactive compounds and both beverages have recently been associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS We studied associations of tea and coffee consumption with PCa risk in a population-based case-control study from King County, Washington, USA. Prostate cancer cases were diagnosed in 2002-2005 and matched to controls by 5-year age groups. Logistic regression was used to generate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Among controls, 19 and 58 % consumed at least one cup per day of tea and coffee, respectively. The analysis of tea included 892 cases and 863 controls, and tea consumption was associated with a reduced overall PCa risk with an adjusted OR of 0.63 (95 % CI: 0.45, 0.90; P for trend = 0.02) for men in the highest compared to lowest category of tea intake (≥2 cups/day vs. ≤1 cup/week). Risk estimates did not vary substantially by Gleason grade or disease stage. Coffee consumption was not associated with risk of overall PCa or PCa in subgroups defined by tumor grade or stage. CONCLUSIONS Our results contribute further evidence that tea consumption may be a modifiable exposure that reduces PCa risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan S Geybels
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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150
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Feng L, Jiang T, Wang Y, Li J. Effects of tea polyphenol coating combined with ozone water washing on the storage quality of black sea bream (Sparus macrocephalus). Food Chem 2012; 135:2915-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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