101
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Qin XY, Cao C, Cawley NX, Liu TT, Yuan J, Loh YP, Cheng Y. Decreased peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis study (N=7277). Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:312-320. [PMID: 27113997 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest that dysfunction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a possible contributor to the pathology and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several studies report reduced peripheral blood levels of BDNF in AD, but findings are inconsistent. This study sought to quantitatively summarize the clinical BDNF data in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, a prodromal stage of AD) with a meta-analytical technique. A systematic search of Pubmed, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library identified 29 articles for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Random-effects meta-analysis showed that patients with AD had significantly decreased baseline peripheral blood levels of BDNF compared with healthy control (HC) subjects (24 studies, Hedges' g=-0.339, 95% confidence interval (CI)=-0.572 to -0.106, P=0.004). MCI subjects showed a trend for decreased BDNF levels compared with HC subjects (14 studies, Hedges' g=-0.201, 95% CI=-0.413 to 0.010, P=0.062). No differences were found between AD and MCI subjects in BDNF levels (11 studies, Hedges' g=0.058, 95% CI=-0.120 to 0.236, P=0.522). Interestingly, the effective sizes and statistical significance improved after excluding studies with reported medication in patients (between AD and HC: 18 studies, Hedges' g=-0.492, P<0.001; between MCI and HC: 11 studies, Hedges' g=-0.339, P=0.003). These results strengthen the clinical evidence that AD or MCI is accompanied by reduced peripheral blood BDNF levels, supporting an association between the decreasing levels of BDNF and the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-Y Qin
- Section on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - C Cao
- Section on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - N X Cawley
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - T-T Liu
- Section on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - J Yuan
- Section on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Y P Loh
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Y Cheng
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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102
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Oddone F, Roberti G, Micera A, Busanello A, Bonini S, Quaranta L, Agnifili L, Manni G. Exploring Serum Levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Nerve Growth Factor Across Glaucoma Stages. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168565. [PMID: 28068360 PMCID: PMC5221757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the serum levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in patients affected by primary open angle glaucoma with a wide spectrum of disease severity compared to healthy controls and to explore their relationship with morphological and functional glaucoma parameters. Materials and Methods 45 patients affected by glaucoma at different stages and 15 age-matched healthy control subjects underwent visual field testing, peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness measurement using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and blood collection for both neurotrophins detection by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Statistical analysis and association between biostrumental and biochemical data were investigated. Results Serum levels of BDNF in glaucoma patients were significantly lower than those measured in healthy controls (261.2±75.0 pg/ml vs 313.6±79.6 pg/ml, p = 0.03). Subgroups analysis showed that serum levels of BDNF were significantly lower in early (253.8±40.7 pg/ml, p = 0.019) and moderate glaucoma (231.3±54.3 pg/ml, p = 0.04) but not in advanced glaucoma (296.2±103.1 pg/ml, p = 0.06) compared to healthy controls. Serum levels of NGF in glaucoma patients were significantly lower than those measured in the healthy controls (4.1±1 pg/mL vs 5.5±1.2 pg/mL, p = 0.01). Subgroups analysis showed that serum levels of NGF were significantly lower in early (3.5±0.9 pg/mL, p = 0.0008) and moderate glaucoma (3.8±0.7 pg/ml, p<0.0001) but not in advanced glaucoma (5.0±0.7 pg/ml, p = 0.32) compared to healthy controls. BDNF serum levels were not related to age, visual field mean deviation or retinal nerve fibre layer thickness either in glaucoma or in controls while NGF levels were significantly related to visual field mean deviation in the glaucoma group (r2 = 0.26, p = 0.004). Conclusions BDNF and NGF serum levels are reduced in the early and moderate glaucoma stages, suggesting the possibility that both factors could be further investigated as potential circulating biomarkers for the early detection of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stefano Bonini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Quaranta
- Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Agnifili
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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103
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Håkansson K, Ledreux A, Daffner K, Terjestam Y, Bergman P, Carlsson R, Kivipelto M, Winblad B, Granholm AC, Mohammed AKH. BDNF Responses in Healthy Older Persons to 35 Minutes of Physical Exercise, Cognitive Training, and Mindfulness: Associations with Working Memory Function. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 55:645-657. [PMID: 27716670 PMCID: PMC6135088 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a central role in brain plasticity by mediating changes in cortical thickness and synaptic density in response to physical activity and environmental enrichment. Previous studies suggest that physical exercise can augment BDNF levels, both in serum and the brain, but no other study has examined how different types of activities compare with physical exercise in their ability to affect BDNF levels. By using a balanced cross over experimental design, we exposed nineteen healthy older adults to 35-minute sessions of physical exercise, cognitive training, and mindfulness practice, and compared the resulting changes in mature BDNF levels between the three activities. We show that a single bout of physical exercise has significantly larger impact on serum BDNF levels than either cognitive training or mindfulness practice in the same persons. This is the first study on immediate BDNF effects of physical activity in older healthy humans and also the first study to demonstrate an association between serum BDNF responsivity to acute physical exercise and working memory function. We conclude that the BDNF increase we found after physical exercise more probably has a peripheral than a central origin, but that the association between post-intervention BDNF levels and cognitive function could have implications for BDNF responsivity in serum as a potential marker of cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krister Håkansson
- Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Aging Research Center (ARC), Department of NVS, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aurélie Ledreux
- Department of Neurosciences and the Center on Aging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kirk Daffner
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Patrick Bergman
- Department of Sport Science, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
| | - Roger Carlsson
- Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Aging Research Center (ARC), Department of NVS, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Granholm
- Department of Neurosciences and the Center on Aging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Abdul Kadir H. Mohammed
- Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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104
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Kawazu T, Nakamura T, Moriki T, Kamijo YI, Nishimura Y, Kinoshita T, Tajima F. Aerobic Exercise Combined With Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Increases Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Healthy Males. PM R 2016; 8:1136-1141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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105
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Snow WM, Albensi BC. Neuronal Gene Targets of NF-κB and Their Dysregulation in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:118. [PMID: 27881951 PMCID: PMC5101203 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although, better known for its role in inflammation, the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) has more recently been implicated in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. This has been, in part, to the discovery of its localization not just in glia, cells that are integral to mediating the inflammatory process in the brain, but also neurons. Several effectors of neuronal NF-κB have been identified, including calcium, inflammatory cytokines (i.e., tumor necrosis factor alpha), and the induction of experimental paradigms thought to reflect learning and memory at the cellular level (i.e., long-term potentiation). NF-κB is also activated after learning and memory formation in vivo. In turn, activation of NF-κB can elicit either suppression or activation of other genes. Studies are only beginning to elucidate the multitude of neuronal gene targets of NF-κB in the normal brain, but research to date has confirmed targets involved in a wide array of cellular processes, including cell signaling and growth, neurotransmission, redox signaling, and gene regulation. Further, several lines of research confirm dysregulation of NF-κB in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a disorder characterized clinically by a profound deficit in the ability to form new memories. AD-related neuropathology includes the characteristic amyloid beta plaque formation and neurofibrillary tangles. Although, such neuropathological findings have been hypothesized to contribute to memory deficits in AD, research has identified perturbations at the cellular and synaptic level that occur even prior to more gross pathologies, including transcriptional dysregulation. Indeed, synaptic disturbances appear to be a significant correlate of cognitive deficits in AD. Given the more recently identified role for NF-κB in memory and synaptic transmission in the normal brain, the expansive network of gene targets of NF-κB, and its dysregulation in AD, a thorough understanding of NF-κB-related signaling in AD is warranted and may have important implications for uncovering treatments for the disease. This review aims to provide a comprehensive view of our current understanding of the gene targets of this transcription factor in neurons in the intact brain and provide an overview of studies investigating NF-κB signaling, including its downstream targets, in the AD brain as a means of uncovering the basic physiological mechanisms by which memory becomes fragile in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda M Snow
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital ResearchWinnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Benedict C Albensi
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital ResearchWinnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, MB, Canada
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106
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Kim BY, Lee SH, Graham PL, Angelucci F, Lucia A, Pareja-Galeano H, Leyhe T, Turana Y, Lee IR, Yoon JH, Shin JI. Peripheral Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: a Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:7297-7311. [PMID: 27815832 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0192-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is becoming a growing global problem, and there is an urgent need to identify reliable blood biomarkers of the risk and progression of this condition. A potential candidate is the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which modulates major trophic effects in the brain. However, findings are apparently inconsistent regarding peripheral blood BDNF levels in AD patients vs. healthy people. We thus performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the studies that have examined peripheral BDNF levels in patients with AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls. We searched articles through PubMed, EMBASE, and hand searching. Over a total pool of 2061 potential articles, 26 met all inclusion criteria (including a total of 1584 AD patients, 556 MCI patients, and 1294 controls). A meta-analysis of BDNF levels between early AD and controls showed statistically significantly higher levels (SMD [95 % CI]: 0.72 [0.31, 1.13]) with no heterogeneity. AD patients with a low (<20) mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score had lower peripheral BDNF levels compared with controls (SMD [95 % CI]: -0.33 [-0.60, -0.05]). However, we found no statistically significant difference in blood (serum/plasma) BDNF levels between all AD patients and controls (standard mean difference, SMD [95 % CI]: -0.16 [-0.4, 0.07]), and there was heterogeneity among studies (P < 0.0001, I 2 = 85.8 %). There were no differences in blood BDNF levels among AD or MCI patients vs. controls by subgroup analyses according to age, sex, and drug use. In conclusion, this meta-analysis shows that peripheral blood BDNF levels seem to be increased in early AD and decreased in AD patients with low MMSE scores respectively compared with their age- and sex-matched healthy referents. At present, however, this could not be concluded from individual studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yi Kim
- College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seon Heui Lee
- Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Petra L Graham
- Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Francesco Angelucci
- Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Helios Pareja-Galeano
- Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas Leyhe
- Center of Old Age Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yuda Turana
- Department of Neurology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - I Re Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Yoon
- College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.
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107
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Siuda J, Patalong-Ogiewa M, Żmuda W, Targosz-Gajniak M, Niewiadomska E, Matuszek I, Jędrzejowska-Szypułka H, Lewin-Kowalik J, Rudzińska-Bar M. Cognitive impairment and BDNF serum levels. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2016; 51:24-32. [PMID: 28341039 DOI: 10.1016/j.pjnns.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To investigate the alterations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) serum levels in subjects with different intensity of cognitive impairment and different neurodegenerative processes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Serum BDNF levels were analyzed by ELISA kit in 378 subjects: 134 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 115 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and 129 controls divided into two groups: neurodegenerative control group (ND), consisting of 49 Parkinson's disease patients without any cognitive complaints, and cognitively normal control group (CN), consisting of 80 subjects without any neurological disorders. RESULTS AD patients had significantly lower (p<0.001) BDNF serum levels compared to MCI, CN and ND controls. Age and education had significant influence on BDNF serum levels regardless the diagnosis or group assignment. We have found no influence of depression on BDNF serum levels either in our group as a whole, or in each group assessed separately. We found significant correlation between BDNF serum levels and cognitive impairments. After multiple comparisons between the groups, we found that, after adjustment for confounding factors (age, gender, education, depression, cognitive impairment), BDNF serum levels were the lowest in AD group (p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS Advanced age and low educational level are associated with decreased BDNF serum levels. Decreased BDNF serum levels correspond to the severity of cognitive impairment. There is no correlation between BDNF serum levels and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Department of Neurology, Central University Hospital, Katowice, Poland.
| | | | - Weronika Żmuda
- Department of Neurology, Central University Hospital, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Niewiadomska
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Matuszek
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Monika Rudzińska-Bar
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Department of Neurology, Central University Hospital, Katowice, Poland
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108
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Serum Markers of Neurodegeneration in Maple Syrup Urine Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5709-5719. [PMID: 27660262 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an inherited disorder caused by deficient activity of the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex involved in the degradation pathway of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and their respective α-keto-acids. Patients affected by MSUD present severe neurological symptoms and brain abnormalities, whose pathophysiology is poorly known. However, preclinical studies have suggested alterations in markers involved with neurodegeneration. Because there are no studies in the literature that report the neurodegenerative markers in MSUD patients, the present study evaluated neurodegenerative markers (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cathepsin D, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 total (PAI-1 (total)), platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA), PDGF-AB/BB) in plasma from 10 MSUD patients during dietary treatment. Our results showed a significant decrease in BDNF and PDGF-AA levels in MSUD patients. On the other hand, NCAM and cathepsin D levels were significantly greater in MSUD patients compared to the control group, while no significant changes were observed in the levels of PAI-1 (total) and PDGF-AB/BB between the control and MSUD groups. Our data show that MSUD patients present alterations in proteins involved in the neurodegenerative process. Thus, the present findings corroborate previous studies that demonstrated that neurotrophic factors and lysosomal proteases may contribute, along with other mechanisms, to the intellectual deficit and neurodegeneration observed in MSUD.
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109
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Genzer Y, Dadon M, Burg C, Chapnik N, Froy O. Effect of dietary fat and the circadian clock on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 430:49-55. [PMID: 27113028 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most abundant neurotrophin in the brain and its decreased levels are associated with the development of obesity and neurodegeneration. Our aim was to test the effect of dietary fat, its timing and the circadian clock on the expression of BDNF and associated signaling pathways in mouse brain and liver. Bdnf mRNA oscillated robustly in brain and liver, but with a 12-h shift between the tissues. Brain and liver Bdnf mRNA showed a 12-h phase shift when fed ketogenic diet (KD) compared with high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD). Brain or liver Bdnf mRNA did not show the typical phase advance usually seen under time-restricted feeding (RF). Clock knockdown in HT-4 hippocampal neurons led to 86% up-regulation of Bdnf mRNA, whereas it led to 60% down-regulation in AML-12 hepatocytes. Dietary fat in mice or cultured hepatocytes and hippocampal neurons led to increased Bdnf mRNA expression. At the protein level, HFD increased the ratio of the mature BDNF protein (mBDNF) to its precursor (proBDNF). In the liver, RF under LFD or HFD reduced the mBDNF/proBDNF ratio. In the brain, the two signaling pathways related to BDNF, mTOR and AMPK, showed reduced and increased levels, respectively, under timed HFD. In the liver, the reverse was achieved. In summary, Bdnf expression is mediated by the circadian clock and dietary fat. Although RF does not affect its expression phase, in the brain, when combined with high-fat diet, it leads to a unique metabolic state in which AMPK is activated, mTOR is down-regulated and the levels of mBDNF are high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoni Genzer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Maayan Dadon
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Chen Burg
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Nava Chapnik
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Oren Froy
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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110
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Wu CC, Lien CC, Hou WH, Chiang PM, Tsai KJ. Gain of BDNF Function in Engrafted Neural Stem Cells Promotes the Therapeutic Potential for Alzheimer's Disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27358. [PMID: 27264956 PMCID: PMC4893631 DOI: 10.1038/srep27358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy is a potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, but its application to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains limited. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is critical in the pathogenesis and treatment of AD. Here, we present a novel therapeutic approach for AD treatment using BDNF-overexpressing neural stem cells (BDNF-NSCs). In vitro, BDNF overexpression was neuroprotective to beta-amyloid-treated NSCs. In vivo, engrafted BDNF-NSCs-derived neurons not only displayed the Ca2+-response fluctuations, exhibited electrophysiological properties of mature neurons and integrated into local brain circuits, but recovered the cognitive deficits. Furthermore, BDNF overexpression improved the engrafted cells’ viability, neuronal fate, neurite complexity, maturation of electrical property and the synaptic density. In contrast, knockdown of the BDNF in BDNF-NSCs diminished stem cell-based therapeutic efficacy. Together, our findings indicate BDNF overexpression improves the therapeutic potential of engrafted NSCs for AD via neurogenic effects and neuronal replacement, and further support the feasibility of NSC-based ex vivo gene therapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chun Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lien
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsien Hou
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Min Chiang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Jer Tsai
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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111
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Lack of an association of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and plasma BDNF with hippocampal volume and memory. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2016; 15:625-43. [PMID: 25784293 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-015-0343-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been shown to be important for neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus in nonhuman animals. The Val66Met polymorphism in the BDNF gene, involving a valine (Val) to methionine (Met) substitution at codon 66, has been associated with lower BDNF secretion in vitro. However, there have been mixed results regarding associations between either circulating BDNF or the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism with hippocampal volume and memory in humans. The current study examined the association of BDNF genotype and plasma BDNF with hippocampal volume and memory in two large independent cohorts of middle-aged and older adults (both cognitively normal and early-stage dementia). Sample sizes ranged from 123 to 649. Measures of the BDNF genotype, plasma BDNF, MRI-based hippocampal volume, and memory performance were obtained from the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (ADRC) and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). There were no significant differences between BDNF Met+ and Met- groups on either hippocampal volume or memory in either cohort. In addition, plasma BDNF was not significantly associated with either hippocampal volume or memory in either cohort. Neither age, cognitive status, nor gender moderated any of the relationships. Overall, current findings suggest that BDNF genotype and plasma BDNF may not be robust predictors for variance in hippocampal volume and memory in middle age and older adult cohorts.
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112
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Campos C, Rocha NBF, Lattari E, Paes F, Nardi AE, Machado S. Exercise-induced neuroprotective effects on neurodegenerative diseases: the key role of trophic factors. Expert Rev Neurother 2016; 16:723-34. [PMID: 27086703 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2016.1179582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Age-related neurodegenerative disorders, like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, are becoming a major issue to public health care. Currently, there is no effective pharmacological treatment to address cognitive impairment in these patients. Here, we aim to explore the role of exercise-induced trophic factor enhancement in the prevention or delay of cognitive decline in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. There is a significant amount of evidence from animal and human studies that links neurodegenerative related cognitive deficits with changes on brain and peripheral trophic factor levels. Several trials with elderly individuals and patients with neurodegenerative diseases report exercise induced cognitive improvements and changes on trophic factor levels including BDNF, IGF-I, among others. Further studies with healthy aging and clinical populations are needed to understand how diverse exercise interventions produce different variations in trophic factor signaling. Genetic profiles and potential confounders regarding trophic factors should also be addressed in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Campos
- a Laboratory of Panic and Respiration , Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.,b School of Allied Health Sciences , Polytechnic Institute of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Nuno Barbosa F Rocha
- b School of Allied Health Sciences , Polytechnic Institute of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Eduardo Lattari
- a Laboratory of Panic and Respiration , Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Flávia Paes
- a Laboratory of Panic and Respiration , Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - António E Nardi
- a Laboratory of Panic and Respiration , Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Sérgio Machado
- a Laboratory of Panic and Respiration , Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.,c Physical Activity Neuroscience Laboratory , Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program - Salgado de Oliveira University (UNIVERSO) , Niterói , Brazil
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113
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Soysal H, Doğan Z, Kamışlı Ö. Effects of phenytoin and lamotrigine treatment on serum BDNF levels in offsprings of epileptic rats. Neuropeptides 2016; 56:1-8. [PMID: 26706181 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is to promote and modulate neuronal responses across neurotransmitter systems in the brain. Therefore, abnormal BDNF signaling may be associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Low BDNF levels have been reported in brains and serums of patients with psychotic disorders. In the present study, we investigated the effects of antiepileptic drugs on BDNF in developing rats. Pregnant rats were treated with phenytoin (PHT), lamotrigine (LTG) and folic acid for long-term, all through their gestational periods. Experimental epilepsy (EE) model was applied in pregnant rats. Epileptic seizures were determined with electroencephalography. After birth, serum BDNF levels were measured in 136 newborn rats on postnatal day (PND) 21 and postnatal day 38. In postnatal day 21, serum BDNF levels of experimental epilepsy group were significantly lower compared with PHT group. This decrease is statistically significant. Serum BDNF levels increased in the group LTG. This increase compared with LTG+EE group was statistically significant. In the folic acid (FA) group, levels of serum BDNF decreased statistically significantly compared to the PHT group. On postnatal day 38, no significant differences were found among the groups for serum BDNF levels. We concluded that, the passed seizures during pregnancy adversely affect fetal brain development, lowering of serum BDNF levels. PHT use during pregnancy prevents seizure-induced injury by increasing the levels of BDNF. About the increase level of BDNF, LTG is much less effective than PHT, the positive effect of folic acid on serum BDNF levels was not observed. LTG increase in BDNF is much less effective than PHT, folic acid did not show a positive effect on serum BDNF levels. Epilepsy affects fetal brain development during gestation in pregnant rats, therefore anti-epileptic therapy should be continued during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Soysal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Zümrüt Doğan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Özden Kamışlı
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nörology, Inönü University, Malatya, Turkey
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114
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Moon J, Lee ST, Kong IG, Byun JI, Sunwoo JS, Shin JW, Shim JY, Park JH, Jeon D, Jung KH, Jung KY, Kim DY, Lee SK, Kim M, Chu K. Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease from elevated olfactory mucosal miR-206 level. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20364. [PMID: 26842588 PMCID: PMC4740889 DOI: 10.1038/srep20364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-206, which suppresses the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, is known to be elevated in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. We performed intranasal biopsy of the olfactory epithelia of early dementia patients (n = 24) and cognitively healthy controls (n = 9). Patients with significant depression (n = 8) were analyzed separately, as their cognitive impairments were thought to be caused by their depression. Real-time PCR was performed on the biopsied tissues. The relative microRNA-206 level exhibited a 7.8-fold increase (P = 0.004) in the mild cognitive impairment group (CDR 0.5; n = 13) and a 41.5-fold increase (P < 0.001) in the CDR 1 group (n = 11). However, this level was not increased in the depression group, even in those with cognitive decline. Using the optimal cutoff value, the sensitivity/specificity for diagnosing CDR 0.5 and CDR 1 dementia were 87.5%/94.1% and 90.9%/93.3%, respectively. In ROC analysis, the AUCs were 0.942 and 0.976 in the CDR 0.5 and CDR 1 groups, respectively. The olfactory mucosal microRNA-206 level and cognitive assessment scores were significantly correlated in the non-depressed subjects with cognitive impairment. In conclusion, the olfactory mucosal microRNA-206 level can be easily measured, and it can be utilized as an excellent biomarker for the diagnosis of early AD, including mild cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangsup Moon
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soon-Tae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Jung-Ick Byun
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Sang Sunwoo
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Won Shin
- Department of Neurology, CHA University College of Medicine, Seoungnam, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Shim
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daejong Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keun-Hwa Jung
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Young Jung
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Kun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Manho Kim
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea.,Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kon Chu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea
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115
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Hersrud SL, Geraets RD, Weber KL, Chan CH, Pearce DA. Plasma biomarkers for neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. FEBS J 2016; 283:459-71. [PMID: 26565144 PMCID: PMC4744155 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of neurodegenerative genetic diseases that primarily affect children and have no known cure. A unified clinical rating scale for the juvenile form of NCL has been developed, although it has not been validated in other subtypes and does not give a true measure of the pathophysiological changes occurring during disease progression. In the present study, we have identified candidate biomarkers in blood plasma of NCL disease using multiple proteomic approaches, with the aim of developing a panel of biomarkers that could serve as a metric for therapeutic response. Candidate biomarkers were identified as proteins with levels that significantly differed between patients and controls in both sample sets. The seven candidates identified have previously been associated with neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases. Multiplex immunoassay based testing was the most efficient and effective evaluation technique and could be employed on a broad scale to track patient response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Hersrud
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States
- Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57105, United States
| | - Ryan D. Geraets
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States
- Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57105, United States
| | - Krystal L. Weber
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States
| | - Chun-Hung Chan
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States
| | - David A. Pearce
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States
- Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57105, United States
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116
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Rathod R, Kale A, Joshi S. Novel insights into the effect of vitamin B₁₂ and omega-3 fatty acids on brain function. J Biomed Sci 2016; 23:17. [PMID: 26809263 PMCID: PMC4727338 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-016-0241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders which are characterized by cognitive decline is increasing at an alarming rate and account for a significant proportion of the global disease burden. Evidences from human and animal studies indicate that neurocognitive development is influenced by various environmental factors including nutrition. It has been established that nutrition affects the brain throughout life. However, the mechanisms through which nutrition modulates mental health are still not well understood. It has been suggested that the deficiencies of both vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids can have adverse effects on cognition and synaptic plasticity. Studies indicate a need for supplementation of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids to reduce the risk of cognitive decline, although the results of intervention trials using these nutrients in isolation are inconclusive. In the present article, we provide an overview of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids, the possible mechanisms and the evidences through which vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids modulate mental health and cognition. Understanding the role of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids on brain functioning may provide important clues to prevent early cognitive deficits and later neurobehavioral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rathod
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Anvita Kale
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India.
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117
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Lee SJ, Baek JH, Kim YH. Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Korean Individuals. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2015; 13:283-7. [PMID: 26598587 PMCID: PMC4662173 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2015.13.3.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that is widely expressed in the mammalian brain and acts to regulate neuronal survival and influence cognitive processes. The present study measured serum BDNF levels to investigate the associations of the BDNF Val66Met and 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphisms with cognitive function in elderly Korean individuals. Methods Over 60 years, a total of 834 subjects were recruited for the present study. The subjects were classified into groups based on the degree of cognitive impairment (age-associated cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease) and compared with normal controls in terms of a neuropsychological assessment and a clinical evaluation. Results Of the initial 834 study participants, 165 (59 controls and 106 subjects with cognitive impairments) completed the study. There was a significant increase in serum BDNF levels in subjects with cognitive impairments relative to the control group and the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism was significantly associated with cognitive function but not serum BDNF levels. The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism did not have any associations with cognitive impairment or serum BDNF levels. Conclusion The present findings suggest that BDNF may play a role in the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment and the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism may be an important factor in the susceptibility to these age-related deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jun-Hyung Baek
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea.,Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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118
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Kongoun S, Chanda M, Piyachaturawat P, Saengsawang W. Exercise increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor level in serum of horses. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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119
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Neural Stem Cell Transplant-Induced Effect on Neurogenesis and Cognition in Alzheimer Tg2576 Mice Is Inhibited by Concomitant Treatment with Amyloid-Lowering or Cholinergic α7 Nicotinic Receptor Drugs. Neural Plast 2015; 2015:370432. [PMID: 26257960 PMCID: PMC4518185 DOI: 10.1155/2015/370432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulating regeneration in the brain has the potential to rescue neuronal networks and counteract progressive pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigated whether drugs with different mechanisms of action could enhance neurogenesis and improve cognition in mice receiving human neural stem cell (hNSC) transplants. Six- to nine-month-old AD Tg2576 mice were treated for five weeks with the amyloid-modulatory and neurotrophic drug (+)-phenserine or with the partial α7 nicotinic receptor (nAChR) agonist JN403, combined with bilateral intrahippocampal hNSC transplantation. We observed improved spatial memory in hNSC-transplanted non-drug-treated Tg2576 mice but not in those receiving drugs, and this was accompanied by an increased number of Doublecortin- (DCX-) positive cells in the dentate gyrus, a surrogate marker for newly generated neurons. Treatment with (+)-phenserine did however improve graft survival in the hippocampus. An accumulation of α7 nAChR-expressing astrocytes was observed around the injection site, suggesting their involvement in repair and scarring processes. Interestingly, JN403 treatment decreased the number of α7 nAChR-expressing astrocytes, correlating with a reduction in the number of DCX-positive cells in the dentate gyrus. We conclude that transplanting hNSCs enhances endogenous neurogenesis and prevents further cognitive deterioration in Tg2576 mice, while simultaneous treatments with (+)-phenserine or JN403 result in countertherapeutic effects.
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120
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Forlenza OV, Miranda AS, Guimar I, Talib LL, Diniz BS, Gattaz WF, Teixeira AL. Decreased Neurotrophic Support is Associated with Cognitive Decline in Non-Demented Subjects. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 46:423-9. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-150172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Orestes Vicente Forlenza
- Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva Miranda
- Neuroscience Branch, Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Leda Leme Talib
- Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Breno Satler Diniz
- Department of Mental Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- National Institute of Science & Technology Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Wagner Farid Gattaz
- Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Lucio Teixeira
- Neuroscience Branch, Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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121
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Fleiner T, Zijlstra W, Dauth H, Haussermann P. Evaluation of a hospital-based day-structuring exercise programme on exacerbated behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia--the exercise carrousel: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:228. [PMID: 26006738 PMCID: PMC4465726 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0758-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conceptual reviews and observational studies describe a link between physical inactivity and behavioural disturbances in people with dementia. Consequently, treatment of these symptoms requires physical activation and pharmacological or physical immobilization should be avoided. The few trials that have been conducted in inpatient dementia care to investigate the effects of exercise on behavioural and psychological symptoms revealed inconsistent results. Due to a lack of evidence, there is a paucity of recommendations for physical activation in this stage of care. Therefore, this trial seeks to investigate the effects of a day-structuring exercise programme on behavioural and psychological symptoms as well as on circadian rhythms of patients with dementia, hospitalized because of their behavioural and psychological disturbances. METHODS/DESIGN A single-centre randomised controlled trial will be conducted in three special dementia care units of an old age psychiatry hospital. Enrolled patients will receive either a 2-week exercise programme, or a 2-week social stimulation programme in addition to usual care. Due to the provision of four day-structuring exercise-sessions in the course of an intervention day, the exercise programme for the study group is called exercise-carrousel. Baseline and post-intervention assessment for the primary outcome variable - the overall effects on behavioural and psychological symptoms--will be measured by the Alzheimer's disease Cooperative Study-Clinical Global Impression of Change. The following objectives are set up as secondary outcomes: dimensions of the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and caregiver burden, routine and on-demand psychotropic medication, patients' motor behaviour, diurnal cortisol-levels from saliva probes and brain-derived neurotrophic factor-levels from blood serum. DISCUSSION In order to be regarded as an important treatment option for behavioural and psychological symptoms, physical activation in inpatient hospital dementia care requires more evidence and appropriate recommendations. Respecting hospital routines and the intra-daily variability of the patients' motivation and behavioural disturbances in the provision of exercise sessions could lead to higher exercise adherence and better effects on patients' behavioural and psychological symptoms than former trials have presented. The concealment of allocation throughout the trial and the rating of individual exercise exertion present the key challenges and main limitations of this trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION DRKS00006740 (German Clinical Trial Register, date of registration: 28 October 2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Fleiner
- Institute of Movement and Sport Gerontology, German Sport University, Cologne, 50993, Germany. .,Department of Old Age Psychiatry, LVR-Klinik Köln, Köln, 51109, Germany.
| | - Wiebren Zijlstra
- Institute of Movement and Sport Gerontology, German Sport University, Cologne, 50993, Germany.
| | - Hannah Dauth
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, LVR-Klinik Köln, Köln, 51109, Germany.
| | - Peter Haussermann
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, LVR-Klinik Köln, Köln, 51109, Germany.
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122
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Plasma BDNF levels associate with Pittsburgh compound B binding in the brain. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING 2015. [PMID: 26207261 PMCID: PMC4507280 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. BDNF function is adversely affected by amyloid beta in AD. BDNF levels in brain and peripheral tissues are lower in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) than in controls. Here we examined the association between plasma levels of BDNF and amyloid deposition in the brain measured with Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB). Method Our data set consisted of 18 AD, 56 MCI, and 3 normal control Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative-1 (ADNI1) subjects with available [11C] PiB and peripheral blood protein data. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-coregistered positron emission tomography data were smoothed with a 15 mm kernel and mapped onto three-dimensional (3D) hemispheric models using the warping deformations computed in cortical pattern matching of the associated MRI scans. We applied linear regression to examine in 3D the associations between BDNF and PiB standard uptake value ratio, while adjusting for age and sex. We used permutation statistics thresholded at P < .01 for multiple comparisons correction. Results Plasma BDNF levels showed significant negative associations with left greater than right amyloid burden in the lateral temporal, inferior parietal, inferior frontal, anterior and posterior cingulate, and orbitofrontal regions (left Pcorrected = .03). Conclusions As hypothesized, lower plasma levels of BDNF were significantly associated with widespread brain amyloidosis.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and cognitive decline are highly prevalent in older persons and both are associated with low serum brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Mutual pathways of depression and cognitive decline in older persons may explain the overlap in symptoms and low serum BDNF. We hypothesized that serum BDNF levels are lower in depressed elderly with poor cognitive performance (global or specifically in working memory, speed of information processing, and episodic memory) compared to depressed elderly without cognitive impairment or non-depressed controls. METHODS BDNF Serum levels and cognitive functioning were examined in 378 depressed persons and 132 non-depressed controls from a large prospective study on late-life depression. The association between BDNF levels and each cognitive domain among the depressed patients was tested by four separate linear regression models adjusted for relevant covariates. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to compare BDNF serum levels in three groups (depression with cognitive impairment, depression without cognitive impairment, and non-depressed controls), when adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS No significant linear association was found between BDNF and any of the four cognitive domains tested. There are no differences in BDNF levels between controls and depressed patients with or without cognitive impairment global or in specific domains after controlling for confounders. CONCLUSIONS BDNF serum levels in this cohort of older depressed patients and controls are not related to cognitive functioning. As BDNF is essential for the survival and functioning of neurons, its levels may remain normal in stages of disease where remission is achievable.
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Sun Z, Ma X, Yang H, Zhao J, Zhang J. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor prevents beta- amyloid-induced apoptosis of pheochromocytoma cells by regulating Bax/Bcl-2 expression. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:347-51. [PMID: 25774173 PMCID: PMC4350116 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor was utilized in the present study to treat cell injury models induced by aggregated β-amyloid(25-35). Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay and western blot analysis showed that brain-derived neurotrophic factor provided neuroprotection against cellular apoptosis by suppressing the decline in β-amyloid(25-35)-induced cell activity and the increasing ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. After treating pheochromocytoma cells with tyrosine kinase receptor B receptor inhibitor K252a, brain-derived neurotrophic factor reverses the above-mentioned changes. The experimental findings suggested that brain-derived neurotrophic factor prevented β-amyloid peptide-induced cellular apoptosis by modulating Bax/Bcl-2 expression, and this effect was associated with binding to the specific tyrosine kinase receptor B receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Sun
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xingrong Ma
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongqi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiahua Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
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125
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Kreiner G. Compensatory mechanisms in genetic models of neurodegeneration: are the mice better than humans? Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:56. [PMID: 25798086 PMCID: PMC4351629 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are one of the main causes of mental and physical disabilities. Neurodegeneration has been estimated to begin many years before the first clinical symptoms manifest, and even a prompt diagnosis at this stage provides very little advantage for a more effective treatment as the currently available pharmacotherapies are based on disease symptomatology. The etiology of the majority of neurodegenerative diseases remains unknown, and even for those diseases caused by identified genetic mutations, the direct pathways from gene alteration to final cell death have not yet been fully elucidated. Advancements in genetic engineering have provided many transgenic mice that are used as an alternative to pharmacological models of neurodegenerative diseases. Surprisingly, even the models reiterating the same causative mutations do not fully recapitulate the inevitable neuronal loss, and some fail to even show phenotypic alterations, which suggests the possible existence of compensatory mechanisms. A better evaluation of these mechanisms may not only help us to explain why neurodegenerative diseases are mostly late-onset disorders in humans but may also provide new markers and targets for novel strategies designed to extend neuronal function and survival. The aim of this mini-review is to draw attention to this under-explored field in which investigations may reasonably contribute to unveiling hidden reserves in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Kreiner
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences Kraków, Poland
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126
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The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in Han Chinese heroin-dependent patients. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8148. [PMID: 25640280 PMCID: PMC4313085 DOI: 10.1038/srep08148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BDNF and its gene polymorphism may be important in synaptic plasticity and neuron survival, and may become a key target in the physiopathology of long-term heroin use. Thus, we investigated the relationships between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plasma concentrations and the BDNF Val66Met nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in heroin-dependent patients. The pretreatment expression levels of plasma BDNF and the BDNF Val66Met SNP in 172 heroin-dependent patients and 102 healthy controls were checked. BDNF levels were significantly lower in patients (F = 52.28, p < 0.0001), but the distribution of the SNP was not significantly different. Nor were plasma BDNF levels significantly different between Met/Met, Met/Val, and Val/Val carriers in each group, which indicated that the BDNF Val66Met SNP did not affect plasma BDNF levels in our participants. In heroin-dependent patients, plasma BDNF levels were negatively correlated with the length of heroin dependency. Long-term (>15 years) users had significantly lower plasma BDNF levels than did short-term (<5 years) users. We conclude that plasma BDNF concentration in habitual heroin users are not affected by BDNF Val66Met gene variants, but by the length of the heroin dependency.
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Fukushima A, Kinugawa S, Homma T, Masaki Y, Furihata T, Yokota T, Matsushima S, Takada S, Kadoguchi T, Oba K, Okita K, Tsutsui H. Serum brain-derived neurotropic factor level predicts adverse clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure. J Card Fail 2015; 21:300-6. [PMID: 25639689 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) is involved in cardiovascular diseases as well as skeletal muscle energy metabolism and depression. We investigated whether serum BDNF level was associated with prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS We measured the serum BDNF level in 58 patients with HF (59.2 ± 13.7 years old, New York Heart Association functional class I-III) at baseline, and adverse events, including all cardiac deaths and HF rehospitalizations, were recorded during the median follow-up of 20.3 months. In a univariate analysis, serum BDNF levels were significantly associated with peak oxygen capacity (β = 0.547; P = .003), anaerobic threshold (β = 0.929; P = .004), and log minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope (β = -10.15; P = .005), but not Patient Health Questionnaire scores (β = -0.099; P = .586). A multivariate analysis demonstrated that serum BDNF level was an independent prognostic factor of adverse events (hazard ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.20-0.84; P = .003). The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that low levels of BDNF (<17.4 ng/mL) were associated with higher rates of adverse events compared with high levels of BDNF (≥17.4 ng/mL; log rank test: P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Decreased serum BDNF levels were significantly associated with adverse outcomes in HF patients, suggesting that these levels can be a useful prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arata Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Tsuneaki Homma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Masaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Furihata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shouji Matsushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shingo Takada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Kadoguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koji Oba
- Translational Research and Clinical Trial Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koichi Okita
- Graduate School of Program in Lifelong Learning Studies, Hokusho University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Yuan Z, Wang M, Yan B, Gu P, Jiang X, Yang X, Cui D. An enriched environment improves cognitive performance in mice from the senescence-accelerated prone mouse 8 strain: Role of upregulated neurotrophic factor expression in the hippocampus. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:1797-804. [PMID: 25624804 PMCID: PMC4302529 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.23.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined 3-month-old female mice from the senescence-accelerated prone mouse 8 strain and age-matched homologous normal aging female mice from the senescence accelerated- resistant mouse 1 strain. Mice from each strain were housed in an enriched environment (including a platform, running wheels, tunnel, and some toys) or a standard environment for 3 months. The mice housed in the enriched environment exhibited shorter escape latencies and a greater percentage of time in the target quadrant in the Morris water maze test, and they exhibited reduced errors and longer latencies in step-down avoidance experiments compared with mice housed in the standard environment. Correspondently, brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA and protein expression in the hippocampus was significantly higher in mice housed in the enriched environment compared with those housed in the standard environment, and the level of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein was positively correlated with the learning and memory abilities of mice from the senescence-accelerated prone mouse 8 strain. These results suggest that an enriched environment improved cognitive performance in mice form the senescence-accelerated prone mouse 8 strain by increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyun Yuan
- First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Mingwei Wang
- First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Baoyong Yan
- First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ping Gu
- First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiangming Jiang
- First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiufen Yang
- First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Dongsheng Cui
- First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
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Innovative Research Design Exploring the Effects of Physical Activity and Genetics on Cognitive Performance in Community-Based Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2015; 23:559-68. [PMID: 25594264 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2014-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity is predictive of better cognitive performance and lower risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) is a susceptibility gene for AD with the e4 allele being associated with a greater risk of AD. Cross-sectional and prospective research shows that physical activity is predictive of better cognitive performance for those at greater genetic risk for AD. However, the moderating role of APOE on the effects of a physical activity intervention on cognitive performance has not been examined. The purpose of this manuscript is to justify the need for such research and to describe the design, methods, and recruitment tactics used in the conductance of a study designed to provide insight as to the extent to which cognitive benefits resulting from an 8-month physical activity program are differentiated by APOE e4 status. The effectiveness of the recruitment strategies and the feasibility of recruiting APOE e4 carriers are discussed.
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130
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Wu JQ, Chen DC, Tan YL, Tan SP, Hui L, Lv MH, Soares JC, Zhang XY. Altered BDNF is correlated to cognition impairment in schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:223-32. [PMID: 24994553 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia is often associated with the emergence of tardive dyskinesia (TD), which is linked to greater cognitive impairment. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a critical role in cognitive function, and schizophrenia patients with TD have lower BDNF levels than those without TD. OBJECTIVE This study examines the BDNF levels, the cognitive function, and the association of BDNF with cognitive function in schizophrenia patients with or without TD. METHODS We recruited 83 male chronic patients with (n=35) and without TD (n=48) meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and 52 male control subjects. We examined the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and BDNF levels for all subjects. Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) were assessed in patients. RESULTS BDNF levels were lower in patients with than those without TD (p<0.05). RBANS total score (p<0.01) and subscales of immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional performance, and attention were lower in patients with than those without TD (all p<0.05). BDNF levels were positively associated with immediate memory in patients without TD, but negatively in TD patients (both p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis confirmed that in either TD or non-TD group, BDNF was an independent contributor to immediate memory (both p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS BDNF may be involved in the pathophysiology of TD. While the associations between BDNF and cognition in both TD and non-TD patients suggest a close relationship between BDNF and cognition, the different directions may implicate distinct mechanisms between TD and non-TD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qin Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Teich AF, Nicholls RE, Puzzo D, Fiorito J, Purgatorio R, Fa’ M, Arancio O. Synaptic therapy in Alzheimer's disease: a CREB-centric approach. Neurotherapeutics 2015; 12:29-41. [PMID: 25575647 PMCID: PMC4322064 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-014-0327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic attempts to cure Alzheimer's disease (AD) have failed, and new strategies are desperately needed. Motivated by this reality, many laboratories (including our own) have focused on synaptic dysfunction in AD because synaptic changes are highly correlated with the severity of clinical dementia. In particular, memory formation is accompanied by altered synaptic strength, and this phenomenon (and its dysfunction in AD) has been a recent focus for many laboratories. The molecule cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) is at a central converging point of pathways and mechanisms activated during the processes of synaptic strengthening and memory formation, as CREB phosphorylation leads to transcription of memory-associated genes. Disruption of these mechanisms in AD results in a reduction of CREB activation with accompanying memory impairment. Thus, it is likely that strategies aimed at these mechanisms will lead to future therapies for AD. In this review, we will summarize literature that investigates 5 possible therapeutic pathways for rescuing synaptic dysfunction in AD: 4 enzymatic pathways that lead to CREB phosphorylation (the cyclic adenosine monophosphate cascade, the serine/threonine kinases extracellular regulated kinases 1 and 2, the nitric oxide cascade, and the calpains), as well as histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases (2 enzymes that regulate the histone acetylation necessary for gene transcription).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F. Teich
- />Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Russell E. Nicholls
- />Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Daniela Puzzo
- />Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, 95125 Italy
| | - Jole Fiorito
- />Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Rosa Purgatorio
- />Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Mauro Fa’
- />Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Ottavio Arancio
- />Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA
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Sharma S, Taliyan R. Synergistic effects of GSK-3β and HDAC inhibitors in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin-induced cognitive deficits in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2014; 388:337-49. [PMID: 25547373 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-014-1081-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest the importance of combined treatment of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition in various in vitro and in vivo models of neurological diseases. Lithium chloride (LiCl) and valproate (VPA), two well-known mood stabilizers, have been reported to act through GSK-3β and HDAC inhibition, respectively. The present study was designed to investigate the potential of low-dose combination of LiCl and VPA in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (ICV-STZ)-induced cognitive deficits in rats. STZ was injected twice (3 mg/kg ICV) on alternate days (day 1 and day 3) in rats. The ICV-STZ-treated rats received LiCl (60 mg/kg, i.p.), VPA (200 mg/kg, i.p.), and combination of both LiCl (60 mg/kg, i.p.) and VPA (200 mg/kg, i.p.) drugs for a period of 3 weeks. The ICV-STZ administration results in significant memory impairment, elevated oxidative-nitrosative stress, and reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Using a battery of behavioral and biochemical tests, we observed that co-treatment of both drugs showed synergistic effect in improving the spatial learning and memory impairment as well as significantly attenuated the oxidative stress markers in STZ-treated rats as compared to either drug alone. Moreover, the combination of both drugs reversed the hyperinsulinemic brain condition and improved the BDNF levels in STZ-treated rats. Based upon these results, it could be suggested that a low-dose combination of LiCl and VPA produces synergistic and more consistent neuroprotective effects in ICV-STZ-induced cognitive deficits in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorabh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
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133
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Chen SL, Lee SY, Chang YH, Chen PS, Lee IH, Wang TY, Chen KC, Yang YK, Hong JS, Lu RB. Therapeutic effects of add-on low-dose dextromethorphan plus valproic acid in bipolar disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24:1753-9. [PMID: 25262178 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Changes in inflammatory cytokines and dysfunction of the neurotrophic system are thought to be involved in the pathology of bipolar disorder (BP). We investigated whether inflammatory and neurotrophic factors were changed in BP. We also investigated whether treating BP with valproic acid (VPA) plus low-dose (30 or 60 mg/day) dextromethorphan (DM) is more effective than treating it with VPA only, and whether DM affects plasma cytokines and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. In a 12-week, randomized, double-blind study, patients were randomly assigned to the VPA+DM30, VPA+DM60, or VPA+Placebo groups. The Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) were used to evaluate symptom severity, and ELISA to analyze plasma cytokine and BDNF levels. We recruited 309 patients with BP and 123 healthy controls. Before treatment, patients with BP had significantly higher plasma cytokine and lower plasma BDNF levels than did healthy controls. After treatment, HDRS and YMRS scores in each group showed significant improvement. Plasma cytokine levels tended to decline in all groups. Changes in plasma BDNF levels were significantly greater in the VPA+DM60 group than in the VPA+Placebo group. CONCLUSION patients with BP have a certain degree of systemic inflammation and BDNF dysfunction. Treatment with VPA plus DM (60 mg/day) provided patients with BP significantly more neurotrophic benefit than did VPA treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiou-Lan Chen
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veteran׳s General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-See Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Hui Lee
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kao-Ching Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Kuang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Shyong Hong
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, NIH/NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ru-Band Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan.
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134
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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Alzheimer's Disease: Risk, Mechanisms, and Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:1477-1493. [PMID: 25354497 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a neurotrophic support on neuron of central nervous system (CNS) and is a key molecule in the maintenance of synaptic plasticity and memory storage in hippocampus. However, changes of BDNF level and expression have been reported in the CNS as well as blood of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients in the last decade, which indicates a potential role of BDNF in the pathogenesis of AD. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the latest progress in the field of BDNF and its biological roles in AD pathogenesis. We will discuss the interaction between BDNF and amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, the effect of BDNF on synaptic repair in AD, and the association between BDNF polymorphism and AD risk. The most important is, enlightening the detailed biological ability and complicated mechanisms of action of BDNF in the context of AD would provide a future BDNF-related remedy for AD, such as increment in the production or release of endogenous BDNF by some drugs or BDNF mimics.
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135
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Balcerczyk A, Gajewska A, Macierzyńska-Piotrowska E, Pawelczyk T, Bartosz G, Szemraj J. Enhanced antioxidant capacity and anti-ageing biomarkers after diet micronutrient supplementation. Molecules 2014; 19:14794-808. [PMID: 25232703 PMCID: PMC6270881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190914794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies confirm an important effect of diet, lifestyle and physical activity on health status, the ageing process and many metabolic disorders. This study focuses on the influence of a diet supplement, NucleVital®Q10 Complex, on parameters related to redox homeostasis and ageing. An experimental group of 66 healthy volunteer women aged 35–55 supplemented their diet for 12 weeks with the complex, which contained omega-3 acids (1350 mg/day), ubiquinone (300 mg/day), astaxanthin (15 mg/day), lycopene (45 mg/day), lutein palmitate (30 mg/day), zeaxanthine palmitate (6 mg/day), L-selenomethionine (330 mg/day), cholecalciferol (30 µg/day) and α-tocopherol (45 mg/day). We found that NucleVital®Q10 Complex supplementation significantly increased total antioxidant capacity of plasma and activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, with slight effects on oxidative stress biomarkers in erythrocytes; MDA and 4-hydroxyalkene levels. Apart from the observed antioxidative effects, the tested supplement also showed anti-ageing activity. Analysis of expression of SIRT1 and 2 in PBMCs showed significant changes for both genes on a mRNA level. The level of telomerase was also increased by more than 25%, although the length of lymphocyte telomeres, determined by RT-PCR, remained unchanged. Our results demonstrate beneficial effects concerning the antioxidant potential of plasma as well as biomarkers related to ageing even after short term supplementation of diet with NucleVital®Q10 Complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Balcerczyk
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, Lodz 90-236, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gajewska
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, Lodz 90-236, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Pawelczyk
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 8/10, Lodz 92-216, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bartosz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, Lodz 90-236, Poland
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University in Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, Lodz 92-215, Poland.
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Lee SS, Yoo JH, Kang S, Woo JH, Shin KO, Kim KB, Cho SY, Roh HT, Kim YI. The Effects of 12 Weeks Regular Aerobic Exercise on Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor and Inflammatory Factors in Juvenile Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:1199-204. [PMID: 25202180 PMCID: PMC4155219 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks regular
aerobic exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inflammatory factors in
juvenile obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Obesity and T2DM, typically common
among adults, have recently become more prevalent in the Korean juvenile population,
affecting not only their lipid profiles and oxidant stress levels, but also their BDNF and
inflammatory factor levels. [Subjects] This study enrolled 26 juveniles (boys = 15, girls
= 9) who were assigned to a control group (CG, n = 11), obesity group (OG, n = 8), or T2DM
group (TG, n = 7). [Methods] The outcome of a 40–60-minute aerobic exercise session that
took place three times per week for 12 weeks at a maximum oxygen intake
(VO2max) of 50~60% was investigated. [Results] The exercise resulted in a
significant reduction in the resting serum BDNF and TrkB levels (baseline) among juveniles
in the OG and TG as compared to those in the CG. Additionally, the 12 weeks of regular
aerobic exercise led to significant reductions in body weight, body fat percentage, and
body mass index in the OG and a significant increase of VO2max in the OG and
TG. However, no significant differences in serum NGF or inflammatory factors were found
among the three groups. There was a significant increase in resting serum BDNF levels
following the 12 weeks regular exercise only in the OG. [Conclusion] While 12 weeks of
regular aerobic exercise had a positive effect on body composition, and increased BDNF
levels of juveniles in the OG, it did not affect the inflammatory factor levels and had no
effect on the TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Soo Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Sports Science, Dong-A University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kang
- Department of Aero Physical Education, Republic of Korea Airforce Academy, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Woo
- Department of Physical Education, College of Sports Science, Dong-A University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Ok Shin
- Department of Physical Education, College of Sports Science, Dong-A University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwi Beak Kim
- Department of Sport and Health Management, College of Sports Science, Young-san University, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Youn Cho
- Department of Physical Education, Yon-sei University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Tae Roh
- Department of Physical Education, Yon-sei University, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Il Kim
- Department of Sport and Health Management, College of Sports Science, Young-san University, Republic of Korea
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Angelucci F, Gelfo F, Fiore M, Croce N, Mathé AA, Bernardini S, Caltagirone C. The effect of neuropeptide Y on cell survival and neurotrophin expression in in-vitro models of Alzheimer's disease. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 92:621-30. [PMID: 25026432 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a disorder characterized by the accumulation of abnormally folded protein fragments in neurons, i.e., β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau protein, leading to cell death. Several neuropeptides present in the central nervous system (CNS) are believed to be involved in the pathophysiology of AD. Among them, neuropeptide Y (NPY), a small peptide widely distributed throughout the brain, has generated interest because of its role in neuroprotection against excitotoxicity in animal models of AD. In addition, it has been shown that NPY modulates neurogenesis. Interestingly, these latter effects are similar to those elicited by neurotrophins, which are critical molecules for the function and survival of neurons that degenerate during the course of AD. In this review we summarize the evidence for the involvement of NPY and neurotrophins in AD pathogenesis, and the similarity between them in CNS neurons. Finally, we recapitulate our recent in-vitro evidence for the involvement of neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the neuroprotective effect elicited by NPY in AD neuron-like models (neuroblastoma cells or primary cultures exposed to toxic concentrations of Aβ's pathogenic fragment 25-35), and propose a putative mechanism based on NPY-induced inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) influx in pre- and post-synaptic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Angelucci
- a Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 354, 00142 Rome, Italy
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Chen SL, Lee SY, Chang YH, Chen SH, Chu CH, Wang TY, Chen PS, Lee IH, Yang YK, Hong JS, Lu RB. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in Han Chinese patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 51:99-104. [PMID: 24468644 PMCID: PMC7137229 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) is widely distributed in the peripheral and central nervous systems. BDNF and its gene polymorphism may be important in synaptic plasticity and neuron survival, and may become a key target in the physiopathology of several mental illnesses. To elucidate the role of BDNF, we compared the plasma BDNF levels and the BDNF Val66Met gene variants effect in several mental disorders. METHOD We enrolled 644 participants: 177 patients with bipolar I disorder (BP-I), 190 with bipolar II disorder (BP-II), 151 with schizophrenia, and 126 healthy controls. Their plasma BDNF levels and BDNF Val66Met single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were checked before pharmacological treatment. RESULTS Plasma levels of BDNF were significantly lower in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy controls and patients with bipolar disorder (F = 37.667, p<0.001); the distribution of the BDNF Val66Met SNP was not different between groups (χ(2) = 5.289, p = 0.507). Nor were plasma BDNF levels significantly different between Met/Met, Met/Val, and Val/Val carriers in each group, which indicated that the BDNF Val66Met SNP did not influence plasma BDNF levels in our participants. Plasma BDNF levels were, however, significantly negatively correlated with depression scores in patients with bipolar disorder and with negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. CONCLUSION We conclude that plasma BDNF profiles in different mental disorders are not affected by BDNF Val66Met gene variants, but by the process and progression of the illness itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiou-Lan Chen
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University,Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University;,Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University,Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Shih-Heng Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University,Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chun-Hsien Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University,Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tzu-Yun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University,Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University;,Department of Psychiatry, Tainan Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Tainan
| | - Po-See Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University,Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University;,Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University
| | - I-Hui Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University,Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University;,Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Yen-Kuang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University,Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University;,Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Jau-Shyong Hong
- Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ru-Band Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; Institute of Behavior Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
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Faria MC, Gonçalves GS, Rocha NP, Moraes EN, Bicalho MA, Gualberto Cintra MT, Jardim de Paula J, José Ravic de Miranda LF, Clayton de Souza Ferreira A, Teixeira AL, Gomes KB, Carvalho MDG, Sousa LP. Increased plasma levels of BDNF and inflammatory markers in Alzheimer's disease. J Psychiatr Res 2014; 53:166-72. [PMID: 24576746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Neurotrophic factors and inflammatory markers may play considerable roles in AD. In this study we measured, through Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, the plasma levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neuronal growth factor (NGF), as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha soluble receptors, sTNFR1 and sTNFR2, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), in 50 AD patients, 37 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 56 healthy elderly controls. BDNF levels, expressed as median and interquartile range, were higher for AD patients (2545.3, 1497.4-4153.4 pg/ml) compared to controls (1503.8, 802.3-2378.4 pg/ml), P < 0.001. sICAM-1 was also higher in AD patients. sTNFR1 levels were increased in AD when compared to controls and also to MCI. GDNF, NGF and sTNFR2 levels showed no significant differences among the studied groups. The increase in BDNF might reflect a compensatory mechanism against early neurodegeneration and seems to be related to inflammation. sTNFR1 appears to mark not only the inflammatory state but also differentiates between MCI and AD, which may be an additional tool for differentiating degrees of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Chaves Faria
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av.Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gisele Santos Gonçalves
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av.Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Natália Pessoa Rocha
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edgar Nunes Moraes
- Ambulatório de Idosos do Instituto Jenny de Andrade Faria do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Bicalho
- Ambulatório de Idosos do Instituto Jenny de Andrade Faria do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marco Túlio Gualberto Cintra
- Ambulatório de Idosos do Instituto Jenny de Andrade Faria do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jonas Jardim de Paula
- Ambulatório de Idosos do Instituto Jenny de Andrade Faria do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luís Felipe José Ravic de Miranda
- Ambulatório de Idosos do Instituto Jenny de Andrade Faria do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio Lúcio Teixeira
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Karina Braga Gomes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Carvalho
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av.Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia P Sousa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av.Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Chen C, Wang Y, Zhang J, Ma L, Gu J, Ho G. Contribution of neural cell death to depressive phenotypes of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Dis Model Mech 2014; 7:723-30. [PMID: 24764190 PMCID: PMC4036479 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.016162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depression disorder (MDD) or depression is highly prevalent in individuals with diabetes, and the depressive symptoms are more severe and less responsive to antidepressant therapies in these patients. The underlying mechanism is little understood. We hypothesized that the pathophysiology of comorbid depression was more complex than that proposed for MDD and that neural cell death played a role in the disease severity. To test this hypothesis, we generated streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. These mice had blood glucose levels threefold above controls and exhibited depressive phenotypes as judged by a battery of behavioral tests, thus confirming the comorbidity in mice. Immunohistological studies showed markedly increased TUNEL-positive cells in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of the comorbid mice, indicating apoptosis. This finding was supported by increased caspase-3 and decreased Bcl-2 proteins in these brain regions. In addition, the serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level of comorbid mice was reduced compared with controls, further supporting the neurodegenerative change. Mechanistic analyses showed an increased expression of mitochondrial fission genes fission protein 1 (Fis1) and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), and a decreased expression of mitochondrial fusion genes mitofusin 1 (Mfn1), mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) and optical atrophy 1 (Opa1). Representative assessment of the proteins Drp1 and Mfn2 mirrored the mRNA changes. The data demonstrated that neural cell death was associated with the depressive phenotype of comorbid mice and that a fission-dominant expression of genes and proteins mediating mitochondrial dynamics played a role in the hyperglycemia-induced cell death. The study provides new insight into the disease mechanism and could aid the development of novel therapeutics aimed at providing neuroprotection by modulating mitochondrial dynamics to treat comorbid depression with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Lian Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China. Laboratory of Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China. Laboratory of Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Guyu Ho
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China. Laboratory of Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
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141
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Shimada H, Makizako H, Doi T, Yoshida D, Tsutsumimoto K, Anan Y, Uemura K, Lee S, Park H, Suzuki T. A large, cross-sectional observational study of serum BDNF, cognitive function, and mild cognitive impairment in the elderly. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:69. [PMID: 24782766 PMCID: PMC3995061 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The clinical relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cognitive function or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is not well-understood. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between serum BDNF and cognitive function and MCI, and determine whether serum BDNF level might be a useful biomarker for assessing risk for MCI in older people. Materials and Methods: A total of 4463 individuals aged 65 years or older (mean age 72 years) participating in the study. We measured performance in a battery of neuropsychological and cognitive function tests; serum BDNF concentration. Results: Eight hundred twenty-seven participants (18.8%) had MCI. After adjustment for sex, age, education level, diabetes, and current smoking, serum BDNF was associated with poorer performance in the story memory, and digit symbol substitution task scores. Serum BDNF was marginally associated with the presence of MCI (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 1.41, 1.00–1.99) when BDNF was 1.5 SD lower than the mean value standardized for sex and age, education level, diabetes, and current smoking. Conclusion: Low serum BDNF was associated with lower cognitive test scores and MCI. Future prospective studies should establish the discriminative value of serum BDNF for the risk of MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu , Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu , Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu , Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshida
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu , Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu , Japan
| | - Yuya Anan
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu , Japan
| | - Kazuki Uemura
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu , Japan
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Functioning Activation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu , Japan
| | - Hyuntae Park
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu , Japan
| | - Takao Suzuki
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu , Japan
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GSK3β, CREB, and BDNF in peripheral blood of patients with Alzheimer's disease and depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 50:83-93. [PMID: 24334212 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) play critical roles in neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity and memory and participate in the pathophysiology of both depressive disorder and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS This study was designed to determine the association of GSK3β activity, CREB activity and BDNF concentration in peripheral blood of patients with AD with or without depressive symptoms and in depressive patients without AD. GSK3β activity in platelets, CREB activity in lymphocytes and BDNF concentration in plasma, platelet-rich plasma or platelets were measured in 85 AD patients (36 of whom displayed co-morbid depressive symptoms), 65 non-AD patients with depressive disorder and 96 healthy controls. AD patients were clinically assessed for stage of dementia, cognitive impairment and severity of depressive symptoms. Depressive patients were clinically assessed for severity of depression. RESULTS We observed increased CREB activity and GSK3β activity in AD with depressive symptoms or in AD at mild stage of dementia. Decreased BDNF concentration was found in platelet-rich plasma of AD patients at moderate to severe stages of dementia or in AD without depressive symptoms. An association was revealed of the severity of cognitive impairment with the increase of GSK3β in the platelets of AD patients with mild dementia. In depressive patients, a lower concentration of phosphorylated GSK3β was associated with a higher severity of depression. Association was confirmed between severity of depression, CREB activation, and BDNF concentration in drug-naïve depressive patients. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that AD is accompanied by increased CREB activity in lymphocytes and a decreased concentration of BDNF in platelet-rich plasma. The decreased BDNF concentration appears to correlate with moderate to severe stages of dementia in AD. Observation of decreased phosphorylation of GSK3β in platelets of both AD patients with depressive symptoms and depressive patients after treatment confirms the role of increased GSK3β activity in the pathophysiology of both AD and depressive disorder. Associations were confirmed between AD and platelet GSK3β activity, lymphocyte CREB activity and plasma BDNF. CREB activity and platelet BDNF concentration seems to be related to depressive disorder.
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143
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Markham A, Bains R, Franklin P, Spedding M. Changes in mitochondrial function are pivotal in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders: how important is BDNF? Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:2206-29. [PMID: 24720259 PMCID: PMC3976631 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is at the very limit of its energy supply and has evolved specific means of adapting function to energy supply, of which mitochondria form a crucial link. Neurotrophic and inflammatory processes may not only have opposite effects on neuroplasticity, but also involve opposite effects on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic processes, respectively, modulated by stress and glucocorticoids, which also have marked effects on mood. Neurodegenerative processes show marked disorders in oxidative metabolism in key brain areas, sometimes decades before symptoms appear (Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases). We argue that brain-derived neurotrophic factor couples activity to changes in respiratory efficiency and these effects may be opposed by inflammatory cytokines, a key factor in neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Markham
- Department of Pharmacy, Health & Well Being, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of SunderlandSunderland, UK
| | - R Bains
- University of PortsmouthPortsmouth, UK
| | - P Franklin
- Department of Pharmacy, Health & Well Being, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of SunderlandSunderland, UK
| | - M Spedding
- Spedding Research Solutions SARLLe Vesinet, France
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Parsons M, Raymond L. Extrasynaptic NMDA Receptor Involvement in Central Nervous System Disorders. Neuron 2014; 82:279-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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145
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Casoli T, Giuli C, Balietti M, Giorgetti B, Solazzi M, Fattoretti P. Effect of Cognitive Training on the Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Lymphocytes of Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients. Rejuvenation Res 2014; 17:235-8. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2013.1516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Casoli
- Center for Neurobiology of Aging, INRCA IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giuli
- Unit of Geriatrics, INRCA IRCCS Hospital, Fermo, Italy
| | - Marta Balietti
- Center for Neurobiology of Aging, INRCA IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
- Cellular Bioenergetics Laboratory, INRCA IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Moreno Solazzi
- Center for Neurobiology of Aging, INRCA IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
- Cellular Bioenergetics Laboratory, INRCA IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Fattoretti
- Center for Neurobiology of Aging, INRCA IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
- Cellular Bioenergetics Laboratory, INRCA IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
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Nettiksimmons J, Simonsick EM, Harris T, Satterfield S, Rosano C, Yaffe K. The associations between serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, potential confounders, and cognitive decline: a longitudinal study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91339. [PMID: 24670553 PMCID: PMC3966768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a role in the maintenance and function of neurons. Although persons with Alzheimer’s disease have lower cortical levels of BDNF, evidence regarding the association between circulating BDNF and cognitive function is conflicting. We sought to determine the correlates of BDNF level and whether BDNF level was prospectively associated with cognitive decline in healthy older adults. We measured serum BDNF near baseline in 912 individuals. Cognitive status was assessed repeatedly with the modified Mini-Mental Status Examination and the Digit Symbol Substitution test over the next 10 years. We evaluated the association between BDNF and cognitive decline with longitudinal models. We also assessed the association between BDNF level and demographics, comorbidities and health behaviors. We found an association between serum BDNF and several characteristics that are also associated with dementia (race and depression), suggesting that future studies should control for these potential confounders. We did not find evidence of a longitudinal association between serum BDNF and subsequent cognitive test trajectories in older adults, although we did identify a potential trend toward a cross-sectional association. Our results suggest that serum BDNF may have limited utility as a biomarker of prospective cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Nettiksimmons
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Eleanor M. Simonsick
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tamara Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Suzanne Satterfield
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Caterina Rosano
- Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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Passaro A, Dalla Nora E, Morieri ML, Soavi C, Sanz JM, Zurlo A, Fellin R, Zuliani G. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor plasma levels: relationship with dementia and diabetes in the elderly population. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2014; 70:294-302. [PMID: 24621946 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glu028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms linking diabetes and cognitive impairment/dementia, two common conditions of elderly people, are not completely known. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has antidiabetic properties, and reduced circulating BDNF was associated with dementia. We investigated the relationship between plasma BDNF levels, dementia, and diabetes in a sample of 164 community-dwelling elderly individuals, including 50 participants with vascular dementia, 44 with late onset Alzheimer's disease, 23 with cerebrovascular disease not dementia, and 47 controls (C). Presence/absence of diabetes was registered; new diagnoses of diabetes were made by the American Diabetes Association criteria. BDNF plasma levels were measured by ELISA. Both diagnosis of dementia and diabetes were associated with lower BDNF plasma values compared with the respective controls; moreover, dementia and diabetes correlated with BDNF plasma levels, independent of possible confounders. A progressive reductions of BDNF plasma levels from C (383.9 ± 204.6 pg/mL), to cerebrovascular disease not dementia (377.1 ± 130.2), to vascular dementia (313.3 ± 114.8), to late onset Alzheimer's disease (264.7 ± 147.7) was observed, (late onset Alzheimer's disease vs C, p: .03; late onset Alzheimer's disease vs cerebrovascular disease not dementia, p: .002). Demented patients affected by diabetes had the lowest BDNF mean levels (264.9 pg/mL) among individuals enrolled in this sample, suggesting the existence of a "synergistic" effect of dementia and diabetes on BDNF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Passaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Clinical Nutrition, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Edoardo Dalla Nora
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Clinical Nutrition, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mario L Morieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Clinical Nutrition, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cecilia Soavi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Clinical Nutrition, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Juana M Sanz
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Clinical Nutrition, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Amedeo Zurlo
- Operative Unit of Geriatrics, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Renato Fellin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Clinical Nutrition, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Clinical Nutrition, University of Ferrara, Italy.
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148
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Brosseron F, Krauthausen M, Kummer M, Heneka MT. Body fluid cytokine levels in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a comparative overview. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 50:534-44. [PMID: 24567119 PMCID: PMC4182618 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8657-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This article gives a comprehensive overview of cytokine and other inflammation associated protein levels in plasma, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We reviewed 118 research articles published between 1989 and 2013 to compare the reported levels of 66 cytokines and other proteins related to regulation and signaling in inflammation in the blood or CSF obtained from MCI and AD patients. Several cytokines are evidently regulated in (neuro-) inflammatory processes associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Others do not display changes in the blood or CSF during disease progression. However, many reports on cytokine levels in MCI or AD are controversial or inconclusive, particularly those which provide data on frequently investigated cytokines like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) or interleukin-6 (IL-6). The levels of several cytokines are possible indicators of neuroinflammation in AD. Some of them might increase steadily during disease progression or temporarily at the time of MCI to AD conversion. Furthermore, elevated body fluid cytokine levels may correlate with an increased risk of conversion from MCI to AD. Yet, research results are conflicting. To overcome interindividual variances and to obtain a more definite description of cytokine regulation and function in neurodegeneration, a high degree of methodical standardization and patients collective characterization, together with longitudinal sampling over years is essential.
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149
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Zou Y, Qing L, Zeng X, Shen Y, Zhong Y, Liu J, Li Q, Chen K, Lv Y, Huang D, Liang G, Zhang W, Chen L, Yang Y, Yang X. Cognitive function and plasma BDNF levels among manganese-exposed smelters. Occup Environ Med 2014; 71:189-94. [PMID: 24415644 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2013-101896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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Martin DJ, Smith DJ. Is there a clinical prodrome of bipolar disorder? A review of the evidence. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 13:89-98. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.12.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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