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Dulnik J, Sajkiewicz P. Crosslinking of Gelatin in Bicomponent Electrospun Fibers. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123391. [PMID: 34207435 PMCID: PMC8234684 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Four chemical crosslinking methods were used in order to prevent gelatin leaching in an aqueous environment, from bicomponent polycaprolactone/gelatin (PCL/Gt) nanofibers electrospun from an alternative solvent system. A range of different concentrations and reaction times were employed to compare genipin, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS), 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDGE), and transglutaminase. The objective was to optimize and find the most effective method in terms of reaction time and solution concentration, that at the same time provides satisfactory gelatin crosslinking degree and ensures good morphology of the fibers, even after 24 h in aqueous medium in 37 °C. The series of experiments demonstrated that, out of the four compared crosslinking methods, EDC/NHS was able to yield satisfactory results with the lowest concentrations and the shortest reaction times.
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102
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Dehghani Nazhvani F, Mohammadi Amirabad L, Azari A, Namazi H, Hosseinzadeh S, Samanipour R, Khojasteh A, Golchin A, Hashemi S. Effects of in vitro low oxygen tension preconditioning of buccal fat pad stem cells on in Vivo articular cartilage tissue repair. Life Sci 2021; 280:119728. [PMID: 34144057 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Progenitor cells-based regenerative strategy has shown promise to repair cartilage, an avascular tissue in which cells experience hypoxia. Hypoxia is known to improve the early chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether hypoxia preconditioning could be used to enhance the regenerative potential of the combination of buccal fat pad stem cells (BFPSCs) and bilayer chitosan-based hydrogel scaffold for articular cartilage repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human BFPSCs were seeded on the bilayer chitosan-based hydrogel scaffolds in the culture medium. The viability and proliferation of cells on the scaffolds were monitored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), MTT assay, and DAPI staining. Hypoxia preconditioned BFPSCs-seeded scaffolds were transplanted into rabbit articular cartilage knee defects for 12 weeks. The newly formed tissue was evaluated by cartilage-specific immunohistological analysis and histological staining. KEY FINDINGS It was found that the chondrogenic differentiation and osteochondral conjunction in articular cartilage defect via BFPSCs-seeded bilayer scaffolds was enhanced by hypoxic preconditioning compared to a normoxic environment. SIGNIFICANCE Based on our study, the integrity with subchondral bone in osteochondral defect was enhanced by BFPSCs on bilayer scaffold. Thus, this study provides evidence on the design of preconditioned cell-seeded bilayer hydrogels for articular cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arezo Azari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Namazi
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Simzar Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Samanipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Khojasteh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Golchin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Sheida Hashemi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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103
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Kamdem Tamo A, Doench I, Walter L, Montembault A, Sudre G, David L, Morales-Helguera A, Selig M, Rolauffs B, Bernstein A, Hoenders D, Walther A, Osorio-Madrazo A. Development of Bioinspired Functional Chitosan/Cellulose Nanofiber 3D Hydrogel Constructs by 3D Printing for Application in the Engineering of Mechanically Demanding Tissues. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1663. [PMID: 34065272 PMCID: PMC8160918 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissues are commonly fiber-reinforced hydrogel composite structures, distinguishable from hard tissues by their low mineral and high water content. In this work, we proposed the development of 3D printed hydrogel constructs of the biopolymers chitosan (CHI) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), both without any chemical modification, which processing did not incorporate any chemical crosslinking. The unique mechanical properties of native cellulose nanofibers offer new strategies for the design of environmentally friendly high mechanical performance composites. In the here proposed 3D printed bioinspired CNF-filled CHI hydrogel biomaterials, the chitosan serves as a biocompatible matrix promoting cell growth with balanced hydrophilic properties, while the CNFs provide mechanical reinforcement to the CHI-based hydrogel. By means of extrusion-based printing (EBB), the design and development of 3D functional hydrogel scaffolds was achieved by using low concentrations of chitosan (2.0-3.0% (w/v)) and cellulose nanofibers (0.2-0.4% (w/v)). CHI/CNF printed hydrogels with good mechanical performance (Young's modulus 3.0 MPa, stress at break 1.5 MPa, and strain at break 75%), anisotropic microstructure and suitable biological response, were achieved. The CHI/CNF composition and processing parameters were optimized in terms of 3D printability, resolution, and quality of the constructs (microstructure and mechanical properties), resulting in good cell viability. This work allows expanding the library of the so far used biopolymer compositions for 3D printing of mechanically performant hydrogel constructs, purely based in the natural polymers chitosan and cellulose, offering new perspectives in the engineering of mechanically demanding hydrogel tissues like intervertebral disc (IVD), cartilage, meniscus, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Kamdem Tamo
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Doench
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Walter
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Montembault
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères IMP UMR 5223—CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (G.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Guillaume Sudre
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères IMP UMR 5223—CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (G.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Laurent David
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères IMP UMR 5223—CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (G.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Aliuska Morales-Helguera
- Chemical Bioactive Center CBQ, Molecular Simulation and Drug Design Group, Central University of Las Villas, Santa Clara 50400, Cuba;
| | - Mischa Selig
- Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis—G.E.R.N., Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (M.S.); (B.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis—G.E.R.N., Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (M.S.); (B.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Anke Bernstein
- Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis—G.E.R.N., Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (M.S.); (B.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniel Hoenders
- Department of Chemistry, University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Andreas Walther
- Department of Chemistry, University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Anayancy Osorio-Madrazo
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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Biomimetic tubular scaffold with heparin conjugation for rapid degradation in in situ regeneration of a small diameter neoartery. Biomaterials 2021; 274:120874. [PMID: 34051629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
To address the clinical need for readily available small diameter vascular grafts, biomimetic tubular scaffolds were developed for rapid in situ blood vessel regeneration. The tubular scaffolds were designed to have an inner layer that is porous, interconnected, and with a nanofibrous architecture, which provided an excellent microenvironment for host cell invasion and proliferation. Through the synthesis of poly(spirolactic-co-lactic acid) (PSLA), a highly functional polymer with a norbornene substituting a methyl group in poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA), we were able to covalently attach biomolecules onto the polymer backbone via thiol-ene click chemistry to impart desirable functionalities to the tubular scaffolds. Specifically, heparin was conjugated on the scaffolds in order to prevent thrombosis when implanted in situ. By controlling the amount of covalently attached heparin we were able to modulate the physical properties of the tubular scaffold, resulting in tunable wettability and degradation rate while retaining the porous and nanofibrous morphology. The scaffolds were successfully tested as rat abdominal aortic replacements. Patency and viability were confirmed through dynamic ultrasound and histological analysis of the regenerated tissue. The harvested tissue showed excellent vascular cellular infiltration, proliferation, and migration with laminar cellular arrangement. Furthermore, we achieved both complete reendothelialization of the vessel lumen and native-like media extracellular matrix. No signs of aneurysm or hyperplasia were observed after 3 months of vessel replacement. Taken together, we have developed an effective vascular graft able to generate small diameter blood vessels that can function in a rat model.
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105
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Abazari MF, Zare Karizi S, Hajati‐Birgani N, Kohandani M, Torabinejad S, Nejati F, Nasiri N, Maleki MH, Mohajerani H, Mansouri V. Curcumin‐loaded
PHB
/
PLLA
nanofibrous scaffold supports osteogenesis in adipose‐derived stem cells in vitro. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Foad Abazari
- Research Center for Clinical Virology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Shohreh Zare Karizi
- Department of Biology Varamin Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University Varamin Iran
| | - Nazanin Hajati‐Birgani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Research Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Mina Kohandani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Sepehr Torabinejad
- Department of Genetics Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nejati
- Institute of Molecular Biology Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium
| | - Navid Nasiri
- Institute of Molecular Biology Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium
| | | | - Hassan Mohajerani
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Vahid Mansouri
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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106
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Reviewing the potential use of scaffold-mediated localized chemotherapy in oncology. FORUM OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/fco-2019-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Post-surgical recurrence and metastasis remain to be the major concern in oncology. The absence of any therapeutic modality during the interim period between the surgical intervention and initiation of conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy allows the residual cancer cells to proliferate, culminating in recurrence and/or metastasis. Introducing a therapeutic modality during this interim period could suppress the proliferation of the residual tumor cells. Further, as the detrimental effects of conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy drastically reduce the patient’s quality of life, use of therapeutic modality with localized effect can reduce the risk of systemic toxicity. Thus, the present manuscript reviews the potential use of scaffold-mediated local chemotherapy in oncology. Its localized effect would prevent systemic toxicity, while the scaffold serves as an ideal vehicle for the sustained targeted delivery of therapeutic agents.
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107
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Wu L, Gao S, Zhao T, Tian K, Zheng T, Zhang X, Xiao L, Ding Z, Lu Q, Kaplan DL. Pressure-driven spreadable deferoxamine-laden hydrogels for vascularized skin flaps. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3162-3170. [PMID: 33881061 PMCID: PMC8096535 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00053e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of hydrogels that support vascularization to improve the survival of skin flaps, yet establishing homogeneous angiogenic niches without compromising the ease of use in surgical settings remains a challenge. Here, pressure-driven spreadable hydrogels were developed utilizing beta-sheet rich silk nanofiber materials. These silk nanofiber-based hydrogels exhibited excellent spreading under mild pressure to form a thin coating to cover all the regions of the skin flaps. Deferoxamine (DFO) was loaded onto the silk nanofibers to support vascularization and these DFO-laden hydrogels were implanted under skin flaps in rats to fill the interface between the wound bed and the flap using the applied pressure. The thickness of the spread hydrogels was below 200 μm, minimizing the physical barrier effects from the hydrogels. The distribution of the hydrogels provided homogeneous angiogenic stimulation, accelerating rapid blood vessel network formation and significantly improving the survival of the skin flaps. The hydrogels also modulated the immune reactions, further facilitating the regeneration of the skin flaps. Considering the homogeneous distribution at the wound sites, improved vascularization, reduced barrier effects and low inflammation, these hydrogels appear to be promising candidates for use in tissue repair where a high blood supply is in demand. The pressure-driven spreading properties should simplify the use of the hydrogels in surgical settings to facilitate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China. and Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, P. R. China
| | - Suyue Gao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, P. R. China and Department of Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianlan Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, P. R. China
| | - Kai Tian
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, P. R. China
| | - Tingyu Zheng
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liying Xiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaozhao Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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108
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Gupta D, Vashisth P, Bellare J. Multiscale porosity in a 3D printed gellan-gelatin composite for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33761468 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abf1a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a complex-shaped gelatin-gellan composite scaffold with multiscale porosity using a combination of cryogenic 3D printing and lyophilization for bone tissue engineering. Cryogenic 3D printing was used to fabricate a low-concentration composite of complex-shaped macroporous gelatin-gellan structures with a pore size of 919 ± 89 µm. This was followed by lyophilization to introduce micropores of size 20-250 µm and nanometre-level surface functionalities, thus achieving a hierarchical porous structure. These multiscale porous scaffolds (GMu) were compared with two other types of scaffolds having only microporosity (GMi) and macroporosity (GMa) with regard to their physical andin vitrobiological properties. GMu scaffolds were found to be better than GMi and GMa in terms of swelling percentage, degradation rate, uniform pore distribution, cellular infiltration, attachment, proliferation, protein generation and mineralization. In conclusion, we have developed a controlled hierarchical bone-like structure, biomimicking natural bone, together with a reproducible process of manufacture by coupling soft hydrogel 3D printing with lyophilization. This enables the development of complex-shaped patient-specific 3D printed hydrogel scaffolds with enhanced performancein vitroand great potential in the fields of tissue engineering, bioprinting and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Priya Vashisth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Jayesh Bellare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.,Tata Centre for Technology and Design, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.,Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.,Wadhwani Research Centre for Bioengineering (WRCB), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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109
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Marin-Tapia HA, Romero-Salazar L, Arteaga-Arcos JC, Rosales-Ibáñez R, Mayorga-Rojas M. Micro-mechanical properties of corneal scaffolds from two different bio-models obtained by an efficient chemical decellularization. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 119:104510. [PMID: 33872923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study elucidates the impact of detergent-based chemical decellularization on the micro-mechanical properties of porcine and rabbit corneas for the purpose of extracellular matrix (ECM) derived scaffolds. Aiming to optimize the decellularization process, different concentrations of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), Triton X-100 and CHAPS detergents were assessed on their ability to decellularize corneas from both bio-models at incubation periods of 12 and 24h. We evaluated the effect of decellularization on corneal ECM Young's Modulus and various area's roughness parameters (topography features) at a microscale by using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Only SDS presented adequate decellularization properties at the selected concentrations (0.2, 0.5 and 1%) and incubation periods. All topography features displayed by native corneas were preserved after SDS treatments, while no statistically significant differences were identified for the average value of Young's Modulus between the control samples and those treated with 0.2% SDS (rabbit corneas) and 0.5% SDS (porcine corneas) after 12h. In this sense, cornea decellularization procedures can be improved by simultaneously reducing SDS concentration and incubation period. AFM is a useful tool to perform biomechanical analysis of the effect of decellularization on scaffold micro-mechanics. Evaluation of the scaffold mechanical behavior at a microscale could help in understanding cell-scaffold interactions in terms of mechanotransduction, complementing macroscale techniques (e.g. tensile tests) relevant for tissue engineering quality control and decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Arian Marin-Tapia
- Rheology, Nanofluids and Microfluidics Laboratory, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Universitario ''El Cerrillo, Piedras Blancas", Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca km 15.5, C.P. 50200 Estado de México, Mexico; Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Universitario ''El Cerrillo, Piedras Blancas", Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca km 15.5, C.P. 50200 Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Lorena Romero-Salazar
- Nanothermodynamics and Complex Systems Laboratory, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Universitario ''El Cerrillo, Piedras Blancas", Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca km 15.5, C.P. 50200 Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Juan Carlos Arteaga-Arcos
- Micromechanics Laboratory, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Faculty of Sciences, Instituto Literario, No. 100 Ote., C.P, 50000, Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Raúl Rosales-Ibáñez
- Tissue Engineering and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Higher Studies (FES) Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Miguel Mayorga-Rojas
- Rheology, Nanofluids and Microfluidics Laboratory, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Universitario ''El Cerrillo, Piedras Blancas", Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca km 15.5, C.P. 50200 Estado de México, Mexico.
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110
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Gadomska‐Gajadhur A, Kruk A, Wierzchowski K, Ruśkowski P, Pilarek M. Design of experiments‐based strategy for development and optimization of polylactide membranes preparation by wet inversion phase method. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandra Kruk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland
| | - Kamil Wierzchowski
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland
| | - Paweł Ruśkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland
| | - Maciej Pilarek
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland
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111
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Bullock G, Atkinson J, Gentile P, Hatton P, Miller C. Osteogenic Peptides and Attachment Methods Determine Tissue Regeneration in Modified Bone Graft Substitutes. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:22. [PMID: 33807267 PMCID: PMC8103284 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of biofunctional molecules with synthetic bone graft substitutes has the potential to enhance tissue regeneration during treatment of traumatic bone injuries. The clinical use of growth factors has though been associated with complications, some serious. The use of smaller, active peptides has the potential to overcome these problems and provide a cost-effective, safe route for the manufacture of enhanced bone graft substitutes. This review considers the design of peptide-enhanced bone graft substitutes, and how peptide selection and attachment method determine clinical efficacy. It was determined that covalent attachment may reduce the known risks associated with growth factor-loaded bone graft substitutes, providing a predictable tissue response and greater clinical efficacy. Peptide choice was found to be critical, but even within recognised families of biologically active peptides, the configurations that appeared to most closely mimic the biological molecules involved in natural bone healing processes were most potent. It was concluded that rational, evidence-based design of peptide-enhanced bone graft substitutes offers a pathway to clinical maturity in this highly promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Bullock
- School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK; (G.B.); (J.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Joss Atkinson
- School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK; (G.B.); (J.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK;
| | - Paul Hatton
- School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK; (G.B.); (J.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Cheryl Miller
- School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK; (G.B.); (J.A.); (C.M.)
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112
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Swanson WB, Omi M, Zhang Z, Nam HK, Jung Y, Wang G, Ma PX, Hatch NE, Mishina Y. Macropore design of tissue engineering scaffolds regulates mesenchymal stem cell differentiation fate. Biomaterials 2021; 272:120769. [PMID: 33798961 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Craniosynostosis is a debilitating birth defect characterized by the premature fusion of cranial bones resulting from premature loss of stem cells located in suture tissue between growing bones. Mesenchymal stromal cells in long bone and the cranial suture are known to be multipotent cell sources in the appendicular skeleton and cranium, respectively. We are developing biomaterial constructs to maintain stemness of the cranial suture cell population towards an ultimate goal of diminishing craniosynostosis patient morbidity. Recent evidence suggests that physical features of synthetic tissue engineering scaffolds modulate cell and tissue fate. In this study, macroporous tissue engineering scaffolds with well-controlled spherical pores were fabricated by a sugar porogen template method. Cell-scaffold constructs were implanted subcutaneously in mice for up to eight weeks then assayed for mineralization, vascularization, extracellular matrix composition, and gene expression. Pore size differentially regulates cell fate, where sufficiently large pores provide an osteogenic niche adequate for bone formation, while sufficiently small pores (<125 μm in diameter) maintain stemness and prevent differentiation. Cell-scaffold constructs cultured in vitro followed the same pore size-controlled differentiation fate. We therefore attribute the differential cell and tissue fate to scaffold pore geometry. Scaffold pore size regulates mesenchymal cell fate, providing a novel design motif to control tissue regenerative processes and develop mesenchymal stem cell niches in vivo and in vitro through biophysical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Benton Swanson
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maiko Omi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hwa Kyung Nam
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Younghun Jung
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gefei Wang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter X Ma
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nan E Hatch
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Fu L, Zhang L, Zhang X, Chen L, Cai Q, Yang X. Roles of oxygen level and hypoxia-inducible factor signaling pathway in cartilage, bone and osteochondral tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:022006. [PMID: 33440367 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abdb73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The repair and treatment of articular cartilage injury is a huge challenge of orthopedics. Currently, most of the clinical methods applied in treating cartilage injuries are mainly to relieve pains rather than to cure them, while the strategy of tissue engineering is highly expected to achieve the successful repair of osteochondral defects. Clear understandings of the physiological structures and mechanical properties of cartilage, bone and osteochondral tissues have been established, but the understanding of their physiological heterogeneity still needs further investigation. Apart from the gradients in the micromorphology and composition of cartilage-to-bone extracellular matrixes, an oxygen gradient also exists in natural osteochondral tissue. The response of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-mediated cells to oxygen would affect the differentiation of stem cells and the maturation of osteochondral tissue. This article reviews the roles of oxygen level and HIF signaling pathway in the development of articular cartilage tissue, and their prospective applications in bone and cartilage tissue engineering. The strategies for regulating HIF signaling pathway and how these strategies finding their potential applications in the regeneration of integrated osteochondral tissue are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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Molecular Imprinting Strategies for Tissue Engineering Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040548. [PMID: 33673361 PMCID: PMC7918123 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue Engineering (TE) represents a promising solution to fabricate engineered constructs able to restore tissue damage after implantation. In the classic TE approach, biomaterials are used alongside growth factors to create a scaffolding structure that supports cells during the construct maturation. A current challenge in TE is the creation of engineered constructs able to mimic the complex microenvironment found in the natural tissue, so as to promote and guide cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. In this context, the introduction inside the scaffold of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs)—synthetic receptors able to reversibly bind to biomolecules—holds great promise to enhance the scaffold-cell interaction. In this review, we analyze the main strategies that have been used for MIP design and fabrication with a particular focus on biomedical research. Furthermore, to highlight the potential of MIPs for scaffold-based TE, we present recent examples on how MIPs have been used in TE to introduce biophysical cues as well as for drug delivery and sequestering.
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115
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Chinta ML, Velidandi A, Pabbathi NPP, Dahariya S, Parcha SR. Assessment of properties, applications and limitations of scaffolds based on cellulose and its derivatives for cartilage tissue engineering: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 175:495-515. [PMID: 33539959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage is a connective tissue, which is made up of ~80% of water. It is alymphatic, aneural and avascular with only one type of cells present, chondrocytes. They constitute about 1-5% of the entire cartilage tissue. It has a very limited capacity for spontaneous repair. Articular cartilage defects are quite common due to trauma, injury or aging and these defects eventually lead to osteoarthritis, affecting the daily activities. Tissue engineering (TE) is a promising strategy for the regeneration of articular cartilage when compared to the existing invasive treatment strategies. Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer and has desirable properties for the development of a scaffold, which can be used for the regeneration of cartilage. This review discusses about (i) the basic science behind cartilage TE and the study of cellulose properties that can be exploited for the construction of the engineered scaffold with desired properties for cartilage tissue regeneration, (ii) about the requirement of scaffolds properties, fabrication mechanisms and assessment of cellulose based scaffolds, (iii) details about the modification of cellulose surface by employing various chemical approaches for the production of cellulose derivatives with enhanced characteristics and (iv) limitations and future research prospects of cartilage TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Latha Chinta
- Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India
| | - Aditya Velidandi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India
| | | | - Swati Dahariya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sreenivasa Rao Parcha
- Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India.
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Madni A, Kousar R, Naeem N, Wahid F. Recent advancements in applications of chitosan-based biomaterials for skin tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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117
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Zhu Y, Joralmon D, Shan W, Chen Y, Rong J, Zhao H, Xiao S, Li X. 3D printing biomimetic materials and structures for biomedical applications. Biodes Manuf 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-020-00117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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118
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Liu S, Wu X, Hu J, Wu Z, Zheng Y. Preparation and characterisation of a novel polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide/aspirin drug-loaded biomimetic composite scaffold. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01045j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The prepared scaffold has good cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility and controlled drug release, and has biomimetic structure and drug loaded function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiong Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- People's Republic of China
- College of Ecology and Resource Engineering
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- College of Ecology and Resource Engineering
- Wuyi University
- Wuyishan 354300
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jiapeng Hu
- College of Ecology and Resource Engineering
- Wuyi University
- Wuyishan 354300
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzeng Wu
- College of Ecology and Resource Engineering
- Wuyi University
- Wuyishan 354300
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- People's Republic of China
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119
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Breath figures makes porous the “so-called” skin layer obtained in polymer foams prepared by supercritical CO2 treatments. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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120
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Geng M, Zhang Q, Gu J, Yang J, Du H, Jia Y, Zhou X, He C. Construction of a nanofiber network within 3D printed scaffolds for vascularized bone regeneration. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2631-2646. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm02058c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
3D printed scaffolds with micro and nano architectures that facilitate cell growth and migration were prepared, and the scaffolds allowed deferoxamine release to accelerate bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Geng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Jiani Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Haibo Du
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Yating Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Chuanglong He
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
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121
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Bacterial Nanocellulose in Dentistry: Perspectives and Challenges. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010049. [PMID: 33374301 PMCID: PMC7796422 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer that has fascinating attributes, such as biocompatibility, low cost, and ease of processing, being considered a very interesting biomaterial due to its options for moldability and combination. Thus, BC-based compounds (for example, BC/collagen, BC/gelatin, BC/fibroin, BC/chitosan, etc.) have improved properties and/or functionality, allowing for various biomedical applications, such as artificial blood vessels and microvessels, artificial skin, and wounds dressing among others. Despite the wide applicability in biomedicine and tissue engineering, there is a lack of updated scientific reports on applications related to dentistry, since BC has great potential for this. It has been used mainly in the regeneration of periodontal tissue, surgical dressings, intraoral wounds, and also in the regeneration of pulp tissue. This review describes the properties and advantages of some BC studies focused on dental and oral applications, including the design of implants, scaffolds, and wound-dressing materials, as well as carriers for drug delivery in dentistry. Aligned to the current trends and biotechnology evolutions, BC-based nanocomposites offer a great field to be explored and other novel features can be expected in relation to oral and bone tissue repair in the near future.
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122
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Abbass MMS, El-Rashidy AA, Sadek KM, Moshy SE, Radwan IA, Rady D, Dörfer CE, Fawzy El-Sayed KM. Hydrogels and Dentin-Pulp Complex Regeneration: From the Benchtop to Clinical Translation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2935. [PMID: 33316886 PMCID: PMC7763835 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin-pulp complex is a term which refers to the dental pulp (DP) surrounded by dentin along its peripheries. Dentin and dental pulp are highly specialized tissues, which can be affected by various insults, primarily by dental caries. Regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex is of paramount importance to regain tooth vitality. The regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) is a relatively current approach, which aims to regenerate the dentin-pulp complex through stimulating the differentiation of resident or transplanted stem/progenitor cells. Hydrogel-based scaffolds are a unique category of three dimensional polymeric networks with high water content. They are hydrophilic, biocompatible, with tunable degradation patterns and mechanical properties, in addition to the ability to be loaded with various bioactive molecules. Furthermore, hydrogels have a considerable degree of flexibility and elasticity, mimicking the cell extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly that of the DP. The current review presents how for dentin-pulp complex regeneration, the application of injectable hydrogels combined with stem/progenitor cells could represent a promising approach. According to the source of the polymeric chain forming the hydrogel, they can be classified into natural, synthetic or hybrid hydrogels, combining natural and synthetic ones. Natural polymers are bioactive, highly biocompatible, and biodegradable by naturally occurring enzymes or via hydrolysis. On the other hand, synthetic polymers offer tunable mechanical properties, thermostability and durability as compared to natural hydrogels. Hybrid hydrogels combine the benefits of synthetic and natural polymers. Hydrogels can be biofunctionalized with cell-binding sequences as arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD), can be used for local delivery of bioactive molecules and cellularized with stem cells for dentin-pulp regeneration. Formulating a hydrogel scaffold material fulfilling the required criteria in regenerative endodontics is still an area of active research, which shows promising potential for replacing conventional endodontic treatments in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M. S. Abbass
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (M.M.S.A.); (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.)
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.E.-R.); (K.M.S.)
| | - Aiah A. El-Rashidy
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.E.-R.); (K.M.S.)
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Khadiga M. Sadek
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.E.-R.); (K.M.S.)
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Sara El Moshy
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (M.M.S.A.); (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.)
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.E.-R.); (K.M.S.)
| | - Israa Ahmed Radwan
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (M.M.S.A.); (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.)
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.E.-R.); (K.M.S.)
| | - Dina Rady
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (M.M.S.A.); (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.)
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.E.-R.); (K.M.S.)
| | - Christof E. Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (A.A.E.-R.); (K.M.S.)
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Swanson WB, Zhang Z, Xiu K, Gong T, Eberle M, Wang Z, Ma PX. Scaffolds with controlled release of pro-mineralization exosomes to promote craniofacial bone healing without cell transplantation. Acta Biomater 2020; 118:215-232. [PMID: 33065285 PMCID: PMC7796555 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic bone regeneration methods which demonstrate both clinical and manufacturing feasibility, as alternatives to autogenic or allogenic bone grafting, remain a challenge to the field of tissue engineering. Here, we report the pro-osteogenic capacity of exosomes derived from human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) to facilitate bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) differentiation and mineralization. To support their delivery, we engineered a biodegradable polymer delivery platform to improve the encapsulation and the controlled release of exosomes on a tunable time scale from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) triblock copolymer microspheres. Our delivery platform integrates within three-dimensional tissue engineering scaffolds to enable a straightforward surgical insertion into a mouse calvarial defect. We demonstrate the osteogenic potential of these functional constructs in vitro and in vivo. Controlled release of osteogenic hDPSC-derived exosomes facilitates osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, leading to mineralization to a degree which is comparable to exogenous administration of the same exosomes in human and mouse BMSCs. By recruiting endogenous cells to the defects and facilitating their differentiation, the controlled release of osteogenic exosomes from a tissue engineering scaffold demonstrates accelerated bone healing in vivo at 8 weeks. Exosomes recapitulate the advantageous properties of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells, without manufacturing or immunogenic concerns associated with transplantation of exogenous cells. This biomaterial platform enables exosome-mediated bone regeneration in an efficacious and clinically relevant way.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Benton Swanson
- Department of Biologic and Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Kemao Xiu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Ting Gong
- Department of Biologic and Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Miranda Eberle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Peter X Ma
- Department of Biologic and Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA; Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
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124
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Li H, Yang Z, Fu L, Yuan Z, Gao C, Sui X, Liu S, Peng J, Dai Y, Guo Q. Advanced Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Strategies for Meniscal Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:266-293. [PMID: 32988289 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The meniscus plays a critical role in maintaining knee joint homeostasis. Injuries to the meniscus, especially considering the limited self-healing capacity of the avascular region, continue to be a challenge and are often treated by (partial) meniscectomy, which has been identified to cause osteoarthritis. Currently, meniscus tissue engineering focuses on providing extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking scaffolds to direct the inherent meniscal regeneration process, and it has been found that various stimuli are essential. Numerous bioactive factors present benefits in regulating cell fate, tissue development, and healing, but lack an optimal delivery system. More recently, bioengineers have developed various polymer-based drug delivery systems (PDDSs), which are beneficial in terms of the favorable properties of polymers as well as novel delivery strategies. Engineered PDDSs aim to provide not only an ECM-mimicking microenvironment but also the controlled release of bioactive factors with release profiles tailored according to the biological concerns and properties of the factors. In this review, both different polymers and bioactive factors involved in meniscal regeneration are discussed, as well as potential candidate systems, with examples of recent progress. This article aims to summarize drug delivery strategies in meniscal regeneration, with a focus on novel delivery strategies rather than on specific delivery carriers. The current challenges and future prospects for the structural and functional regeneration of the meniscus are also discussed. Impact statement Meniscal injury remains a clinical Gordian knot owing to the limited healing potential of the region, restricted surgical approaches, and risk of inducing osteoarthritis. Existing tissue engineering scaffolds that provide mechanical support and a favorable microenvironment also lack biological cues. Advanced polymer-based delivery strategies consisting of polymers incorporating bioactive factors have emerged as a promising direction. This article primarily reviews the types and applications of biopolymers and bioactive factors in meniscal regeneration. Importantly, various carrier systems and drug delivery strategies are discussed with the hope of inspiring further advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Fu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China.,Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Yongjing Dai
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
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Gopinath VK, Soumya S, Chakrapani VY, Kumar TSS. Odontogenic differentiation of inflamed dental pulp stem cells (IDPSCs) on polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber blended with hydroxyapatite. Dent Mater J 2020; 40:312-321. [PMID: 33055433 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes blended with hydroxyapatite (HA) and evaluate its potential in differentiating inflamed dental pulp stem/progenitor cells (IDPSCs) into odontoblasts. Electrospun nanofibrous membrane consisting of PCL blended with 10 wt% and 15 wt% of HA were fabricated and the characterization was done by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and contact angle analysis. Cytocompatibility, cell adhesion and odontogenic differentiation ability of the membranes were assessed by MTT, Live/Dead, SEM/DAPI and qPCR studies. The mineral deposition ability of the membranes with IDPSCs was estimated by SEM-EDS. The SEM analysis revealed a nanofibrous texture with an average fiber diameter of 140 nm for PCL, 220 nm for PCL10%HA and 250 nm for PCL15%HA. Among the membranes tested, PCL10%HA favored positive cell attachments, upregulated expression of DSPP and ALP gene and higher Ca/P ratio compared to PCL and PCL15%HA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheela Soumya
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, University City
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Fischer NG, Münchow EA, Tamerler C, Bottino MC, Aparicio C. Harnessing biomolecules for bioinspired dental biomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:8713-8747. [PMID: 32747882 PMCID: PMC7544669 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01456g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental clinicians have relied for centuries on traditional dental materials (polymers, ceramics, metals, and composites) to restore oral health and function to patients. Clinical outcomes for many crucial dental therapies remain poor despite many decades of intense research on these materials. Recent attention has been paid to biomolecules as a chassis for engineered preventive, restorative, and regenerative approaches in dentistry. Indeed, biomolecules represent a uniquely versatile and precise tool to enable the design and development of bioinspired multifunctional dental materials to spur advancements in dentistry. In this review, we survey the range of biomolecules that have been used across dental biomaterials. Our particular focus is on the key biological activity imparted by each biomolecule toward prevention of dental and oral diseases as well as restoration of oral health. Additional emphasis is placed on the structure-function relationships between biomolecules and their biological activity, the unique challenges of each clinical condition, limitations of conventional therapies, and the advantages of each class of biomolecule for said challenge. Biomaterials for bone regeneration are not reviewed as numerous existing reviews on the topic have been recently published. We conclude our narrative review with an outlook on the future of biomolecules in dental biomaterials and potential avenues of innovation for biomaterial-based patient oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Fischer
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-250A Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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Mondésert H, Bossard F, Favier D. Anisotropic electrospun honeycomb polycaprolactone scaffolds: Elaboration, morphological and mechanical properties. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 113:104124. [PMID: 33091720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering technology requires porous scaffolds, based on biomaterials, which have to mimic as closely as possible the morphological and anisotropic mechanical properties of the native tissue to substitute. Anisotropic fibrous scaffolds fabricated by template-assisted electrospinning are investigated in this study. Fibers of electrospun Polycaprolactone (PCL) were successfully arranged spatially into honeycomb structures by using well-shaped 3D micro-architected metal collectors. Fibrous scaffolds present 2 × 4 mm2 wide elementary patterns with low and high fiber density areas. Distinct regions of the honeycomb patterns were analyzed through SEM images revealing different fiber diameters with specific fiber orientation depending on the regions of interest. Tensile test experiments were carried out with an optical observation of the local deformation at the pattern scale, allowing the determination and analysis, at small and large deformation, of the axial and transverse local strains. The honeycomb patterned mats showed significantly different mechanical properties along the two orthogonal directions probing an anisotropic ratio of 4.2. Stress relaxation test was performed on scaffolds at 15% of strain. This measurement pointed out the low contribution of the viscosity of about 20% in the mechanical response of the scaffold. An orthotropic linear elastic model was consequently proposed to characterize the anisotropic behavior of the produced patterned membranes. This new versatile method to produce architected porous materials, adjustable to several polymers and structures, will provide appealing benefits for soft regenerative medicine application and the development of custom-made scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Mondésert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP(1), LRP, Grenoble, 38000, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP(1), TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Frédéric Bossard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP(1), LRP, Grenoble, 38000, France.
| | - Denis Favier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP(1), TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, 38000, France
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128
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Bueno J, Sánchez MC, Toledano-Osorio M, Figuero E, Toledano M, Medina-Castillo AL, Osorio R, Herrera D, Sanz M. Antimicrobial effect of nanostructured membranes for guided tissue regeneration: an in vitro study. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1566-1577. [PMID: 33010943 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of a novel non-resorbable, bioactive polymeric nanostructured membrane (NMs), when doped with zinc, calcium and doxycycline. METHODS A validated in vitro subgingival biofilm model with six bacterial species (Streptococcus oralis, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonela parvula, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) was used. The experimental NMs, with and without being doped with doxycycline, calcium and zinc, were placed on hydroxyapatite (HA) discs. As positive control membranes, commercially available dense polytetrafluoroethylene (d-PTFE) membranes were used and, as negative controls, the HA discs without any membrane. The experimental, positive and negative control discs were exposed to a mixed bacterial suspension, at 37 °C under anaerobic conditions, during 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. The resulting biofilms were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), to study their structure, and by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), to assess the bacterial load, expressed as colony forming units (CFU) per mL. Differences between experimental and control groups were evaluated with the general linear model and the Bonferroni adjustment. RESULTS As shown by SEM, all membrane groups, except the NMs with doxycycline, resulted in structured biofilms from 12-72 hours. Similarly, only the membranes loaded with doxycycline demonstrated a significant reduction in bacterial load during biofilm development, when compared with the control groups (p < 0.001). SIGNIFICANCE Doxycycline-doped nanostructured membranes have an impact on biofilm growth dynamics by significant reducing the bacterial load.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bueno
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Sánchez
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Toledano-Osorio
- Biomaterials in Dentistry Research Group, University of Granada, Spain
| | - E Figuero
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Toledano
- Biomaterials in Dentistry Research Group, University of Granada, Spain
| | - A L Medina-Castillo
- NanoMyP. Spin-Off Enterprise from University of Granada, Edificio BIC-Granada, Av. Innovación 1. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - R Osorio
- Biomaterials in Dentistry Research Group, University of Granada, Spain.
| | - D Herrera
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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129
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Kang Y. Cell Biological Techniques and Cell-Biomaterial Interactions. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092094. [PMID: 32937795 PMCID: PMC7563228 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials play a key role in modern tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. They are expected to take over the function of a damaged tissue in the long term, trigger the self-healing potential of the body, and biodegrade at an appropriate rate. To meet these requirements, it is imperative to understand the cell-biomaterial interactions and develop new cell biotechnologies. The collection of this Special Issue brings together a number of studies portraying the underlying mechanisms of cell-biomaterial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Kang
- Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Faculty of Integrative Biology PhD program, College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
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130
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Politi S, Carotenuto F, Rinaldi A, Di Nardo P, Manzari V, Albertini MC, Araneo R, Ramakrishna S, Teodori L. Smart ECM-Based Electrospun Biomaterials for Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1781. [PMID: 32916791 PMCID: PMC7558997 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of smart and intelligent regenerative biomaterials for skeletal muscle tissue engineering is an ongoing challenge, owing to the requirement of achieving biomimetic systems able to communicate biological signals and thus promote optimal tissue regeneration. Electrospinning is a well-known technique to produce fibers that mimic the three dimensional microstructural arrangements, down to nanoscale and the properties of the extracellular matrix fibers. Natural and synthetic polymers are used in the electrospinning process; moreover, a blend of them provides composite materials that have demonstrated the potential advantage of supporting cell function and adhesion. Recently, the decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), which is the noncellular component of tissue that retains relevant biological cues for cells, has been evaluated as a starting biomaterial to realize composite electrospun constructs. The properties of the electrospun systems can be further improved with innovative procedures of functionalization with biomolecules. Among the various approaches, great attention is devoted to the "click" concept in constructing a bioactive system, due to the modularity, orthogonality, and simplicity features of the "click" reactions. In this paper, we first provide an overview of current approaches that can be used to obtain biofunctional composite electrospun biomaterials. Finally, we propose a design of composite electrospun biomaterials suitable for skeletal muscle tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Politi
- Department of Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security, Diagnostic and Metrology (FSN-TECFIS-DIM), ENEA, CR Frascati, 00044 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (F.C.)
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome Italy; (P.D.N.); (V.M.)
| | - Felicia Carotenuto
- Department of Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security, Diagnostic and Metrology (FSN-TECFIS-DIM), ENEA, CR Frascati, 00044 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (F.C.)
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome Italy; (P.D.N.); (V.M.)
- Interdepartmental Center for Regenerative Medicine (CIMER), University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Rinaldi
- Department of Sustainability (SSPT), ENEA, 00123 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paolo Di Nardo
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome Italy; (P.D.N.); (V.M.)
- Interdepartmental Center for Regenerative Medicine (CIMER), University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- L.L. Levshin Institute of Cluster Oncology, I. M. Sechenov First Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vittorio Manzari
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome Italy; (P.D.N.); (V.M.)
| | | | - Rodolfo Araneo
- Department of Astronautics Electrical and Energy Engineering (DIAEE), University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00184 Rome, Italy;
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore;
| | - Laura Teodori
- Department of Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security, Diagnostic and Metrology (FSN-TECFIS-DIM), ENEA, CR Frascati, 00044 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (F.C.)
- Interdepartmental Center for Regenerative Medicine (CIMER), University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Abazari MF, Nasiri N, Nejati F, Kohandani M, Hajati‐Birgani N, Sadeghi S, Piri P, Soleimanifar F, Rezaei‐Tavirani M, Mansouri V. Acceleration of osteogenic differentiation by sustained release of
BMP2
in
PLLA
/graphene oxide nanofibrous scaffold. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Foad Abazari
- Research Center for Clinical Virology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Navid Nasiri
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nejati
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Mina Kohandani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences Islamic Azad University East Tehran Branch, Tehran Iran
| | - Nazanin Hajati‐Birgani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Research Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Solmaz Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Peyman Piri
- Department of Biology, VaraminPishva Ranch Islamic Azad University Pishva, Varamin Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soleimanifar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei‐Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Department of Anatomy, School of Allied Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Vahid Mansouri
- Proteomics Research Center, Department of Anatomy, School of Allied Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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132
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Xiao Q, Guo T, Li J, Li L, Chen K, Zhou L, Wu W, So KF, Ramakrishna S, Liu B, Rong L, Chen G, Xing X, He L. Macrophage polarization induced by sustained release of 7,8-DHF from aligned PLLA fibers potentially for neural stem cell neurogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111415. [PMID: 33255017 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs)-based regenerative medicine provides unprecedented therapeutic potential in neural insults. However, NSC-based neurogenesis is strongly influenced by the inflammatory environment after injury, which is mainly modulated by macrophages' secretion effects. In this study, we adopted poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) aligned fibers to guide macrophages elongating along the fiber directions and polarizing phenotypically toward anti-inflammatory M2 type. 7,8-DHF was loaded within the fibers with a sustained and controlled release pattern to promote the polarization of the macrophages and secretion of various anti-inflammatory factors. NSCs showed enhanced neuronal differentiation in the presence of the conditioned medium (CM) from M2 macrophages cultured on the 7,8-DHF-loaded PLLA aligned fibers. Moreover, M2-CM promoted neurogenesis by enhancing neurite outgrowth of NSC-derived neurons. In summary, we provided a novel therapeutic strategy for NSC neurogenesis by manipulating macrophage classification into anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes with the 7,8-DHF-loaded PLLA aligned fibers, existing potential applications in treating neural injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Xiao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ting Guo
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jun Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Liming Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kaixin Chen
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Libing Zhou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wutian Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Limin Rong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiwen Xing
- Department of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Virology of Guangzhou, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Liumin He
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Spine Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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133
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Liu R, Zhang S, Chen X. Injectable hydrogels for tendon and ligament tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1333-1348. [PMID: 32495524 DOI: 10.1002/term.3078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The problem of tendon and ligament (T/L) regeneration in musculoskeletal diseases has long constituted a major challenge. In situ injection of formable biodegradable hydrogels, however, has been demonstrated to treat T/L injury and reduce patient suffering in a minimally invasive manner. An injectable hydrogel is more suitable than other biological materials due to the special physiological structure of T/L. Most other materials utilized to repair T/L are cell-based, growth factor-based materials, with few material properties. In addition, the mechanical property of the gel cannot reach the normal T/L level. This review summarizes advances in natural and synthetic polymeric injectable hydrogels for tissue engineering in T/L and presents prospects for injectable and biodegradable hydrogels for its treatment. In future T/L applications, it is necessary develop an injectable hydrogel with mechanics, tissue damage-specific binding, and disease response. Simultaneously, the advantages of various biological materials must be combined in order to achieve personalized precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richun Liu
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shichen Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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134
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Tandon S, Kandasubramanian B, Ibrahim SM. Silk-Based Composite Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Tandon
- Biotechnology Lab, Center for Converging Technologies, University of Rajasthan, JLN Marg, Jaipur-302004, Rajasthan, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Surface Texturing Lab, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Girinagar, Pune-411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sobhy M. Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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135
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Liu S, Zheng Y, Liu R, Tian C. Preparation and characterization of a novel polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold with biomimetic micro-nanofibrous porous structure. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:74. [PMID: 32743750 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Combining synthetic polymer scaffolds with inorganic bioactive factors is widely used to promote the bioactivity and bone conductivity of bone tissue. However, except for the chemical composition of scaffold, the biomimetic structure also plays an important role in its application. In this study, we report the fabrication of polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite (PLA/HA) composite nanofibrous scaffolds via phase separation method to mimic the native extracellular matrix (ECM). The SEM analysis showed that the addition of HA dramatically impacted the morphology of the PLA matrix, which changed from 3D nanofibrous network structure to a disorderly micro-nanofibrous porous structure. At the same time, HA particles could be evenly dispersed at the end of the fiber. The FTIR and XRD demonstrated that there was not any chemical interaction between PLA and HA. Thermal analyses showed that HA could decrease the crystallization of PLA, but improve the thermal decomposition temperature of the composite scaffold. Moreover, water contact angle analysis of the PLA/HA composite scaffold demonstrated that the hydrophilicity increased with the addition of HA. Furthermore, apatite-formation ability tests confirmed that HA could not only more and faster induced the deposition of weak hydroxyapatite but also induced specific morphology of HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiong Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China
- College of Ecology and Resource Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, 354300, PR China
| | - Yuying Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China.
| | - Ruilai Liu
- College of Ecology and Resource Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, 354300, PR China
| | - Chao Tian
- College of Ecology and Resource Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, 354300, PR China
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136
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Mi X, Gupte MJ, Zhang Z, Swanson WB, McCauley LK, Ma PX. Three-Dimensional Electrodeposition of Calcium Phosphates on Porous Nanofibrous Scaffolds and Their Controlled Release of Calcium for Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:32503-32513. [PMID: 32659074 PMCID: PMC7384879 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To mimic the bone matrix of mineralized collagen and to impart microporous structure to facilitate cell migration and bone regeneration, we developed a nanofibrous (NF) polymer scaffold with highly interconnected pores and three-dimensional calcium phosphate coating utilizing an electrodeposition technique. The mineral content, morphology, crystal structure, and chemical composition could be tailored by adjusting the deposition temperature, voltage, and duration. A higher voltage and a higher temperature led to a greater rate of mineralization. Furthermore, nearly linear calcium releasing kinetics was achieved from the mineralized 3D scaffolds. The releasing rate was controlled by varying the initial electrodeposition conditions. A higher deposition voltage and temperature led to slower calcium release, which was associated with the highly crystalline and stoichiometric hydroxyapatite content. This premineralized NF scaffold enhanced bone regeneration over the control scaffold in a subcutaneous implantation model, which was associated with released calcium ions in facilitating osteogenic cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Mi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Melanie J. Gupte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhanpeng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - W. Benton Swanson
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Laurie K. McCauley
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Peter X. Ma
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding author: Peter X. Ma, PhD, Professor, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, 1011 North University Ave., Room 2211, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA. Tel.: +1 734 764 2209; fax: +1 734 647 2110,
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137
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Zafar MS, Amin F, Fareed MA, Ghabbani H, Riaz S, Khurshid Z, Kumar N. Biomimetic Aspects of Restorative Dentistry Biomaterials. Biomimetics (Basel) 2020; 5:E34. [PMID: 32679703 PMCID: PMC7557867 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics5030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic has emerged as a multi-disciplinary science in several biomedical subjects in recent decades, including biomaterials and dentistry. In restorative dentistry, biomimetic approaches have been applied for a range of applications, such as restoring tooth defects using bioinspired peptides to achieve remineralization, bioactive and biomimetic biomaterials, and tissue engineering for regeneration. Advancements in the modern adhesive restorative materials, understanding of biomaterial-tissue interaction at the nano and microscale further enhanced the restorative materials' properties (such as color, morphology, and strength) to mimic natural teeth. In addition, the tissue-engineering approaches resulted in regeneration of lost or damaged dental tissues mimicking their natural counterpart. The aim of the present article is to review various biomimetic approaches used to replace lost or damaged dental tissues using restorative biomaterials and tissue-engineering techniques. In addition, tooth structure, and various biomimetic properties of dental restorative materials and tissue-engineering scaffold materials, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Amin
- Science of Dental Materials Department, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan;
| | - Muhmmad Amber Fareed
- Adult Restorative Dentistry, Dental Biomaterials and Prosthodontics Oman Dental College, Muscat 116, Sultanate of Oman;
| | - Hani Ghabbani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samiya Riaz
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudia Arabia;
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan;
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138
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Mansour A, Abu Nada L, El-Hadad AA, Mezour MA, Ersheidat A, Al-Subaie A, Moussa H, Laurenti M, Kaartinen MT, Tamimi F. Biomimetic trace metals improve bone regenerative properties of calcium phosphate bioceramics. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:666-681. [PMID: 32608184 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The bone regenerative capacity of synthetic calcium phosphates (CaPs) can be enhanced through the enrichment with selected metal trace ions. However, defining the optimal elemental composition required for bone formation is challenging due to many possible concentrations and combinations of these elements. We hypothesized that the ideal elemental composition exists in the inorganic phase of the bone extracellular matrix (ECM). To study our hypothesis, we first obtained natural hydroxyapatite through the calcination of bovine bone, which was then investigated its reactivity with acidic phosphates to produce CaP cements. Bioceramic scaffolds fabricated using these cements were assessed for their composition, properties, and in vivo regenerative performance and compared with controls. We found that natural hydroxyapatite could react with phosphoric acid to produce CaP cements with biomimetic trace metals. These cements present significantly superior in vivo bone regenerative performance compared with cements prepared using synthetic apatite. In summary, this study opens new avenues for further advancements in the field of CaP bone biomaterials by introducing a simple approach to develop biomimetic CaPs. This work also sheds light on the role of the inorganic phase of bone and its composition in defining the regenerative properties of natural bone xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Mansour
- Faculty of dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Resident, Periodontics department, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Lina Abu Nada
- Faculty of dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Amir A El-Hadad
- Faculty of dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ala' Ersheidat
- Faculty of dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Royal Medical Services, Jordanian Armed Forces, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Al-Subaie
- Faculty of dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Moussa
- Faculty of dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Marco Laurenti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty of dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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139
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Conjugates of Chitosan and Calcium Alginate with Oligoproline and Oligohydroxyproline Derivatives for Potential Use in Regenerative Medicine. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13143079. [PMID: 32664253 PMCID: PMC7412561 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
New materials that are as similar as possible in terms of structure and biology to the extracellular matrix (external environment) of cells are of great interest for regenerative medicine. Oligoproline and oligohydroxyproline derivatives (peptides 2-5) are potential mimetics of collagen fragments. Peptides 2-5 have been shown to be similar to the model collagen fragment (H-Gly-Hyp-Pro-Ala-Hyp-Pro-OH, 1) in terms of both their spatial structure and biological activity. In this study, peptides 2-5 were covalently bound to nonwovens based on chitosan and calcium alginate. Incorporation of the peptides was confirmed by Fourier transform -infrared (FT-IR) and zeta potential measurements. Biological studies (cell metabolic activity by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test and Live/Dead assay) proved that the obtained peptide-polysaccharide conjugates were not toxic to the endothelial cell line EA.hy 926. In many cases, the conjugates had a highly affirmative influence on cell proliferation. The results of this study show that conjugates of chitosan and calcium alginate with oligoproline and oligohydroxyproline derivatives have potential for use in regenerative medicine.
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140
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Ghaffarinovin Z, Soltaninia O, Mortazavi Y, Esmaeilzadeh A, Nadri S. Repair of rat cranial bone defect by using amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells in polycaprolactone fibrous scaffolds and platelet-rich plasma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 11:209-217. [PMID: 34336609 PMCID: PMC8314035 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2021.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Tissue regenerative medicine strategies, as a promising alternative has become of major interest to the reconstruction of critical size bone defects. This study evaluated the effects of the simultaneous application of polycaprolactone (PCL), amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the repair of rat cranial bone defects. Methods: The AF-MSCs were isolated at the end of the second week of pregnancy in rats. PRP obtained from rat blood and the random PCL fibrous scaffolds were prepared using the electrospinning method. Circular full thickness (5 mm) bone defects were developed on both sides of the parietal bones (animal number=24) and the scaffolds containing AF-MSCs and PRP were implanted in the right lesions. Thereafter, after eight weeks the histological and immunohistochemistry studies were performed to evaluate the bone formation and collagen type I expression. Results: The spindle-shaped mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and the electron microscope images indicated the preparation of a random PCL scaffold. Immunohistochemical findings showed that collagen type I was expressed by AF-MSCs cultured on the scaffold. The results of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining indicated the formation of blood vessels in the presence of PRP. Additionally, immunofluorescence findings suggested that PRP had a positive effect on collagen type I expression. Conclusion: The simultaneous application of fibrous scaffold + AF-MSCs + PRP has positive effects on bone regeneration. This study showed that PRP can affect the formation of new blood vessels in the scaffold transplanted in the bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Ghaffarinovin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Omid Soltaninia
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Yousef Mortazavi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Cancer Gene therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Cancer Gene therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Samad Nadri
- Cancer Gene therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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141
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Debons N, Dems D, Hélary C, Le Grill S, Picaut L, Renaud F, Delsuc N, Schanne-Klein MC, Coradin T, Aimé C. Differentiation of neural-type cells on multi-scale ordered collagen-silica bionanocomposites. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:569-576. [PMID: 31915761 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01029g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cells respond to biophysical and biochemical signals. We developed a composite filament from collagen and silica particles modified to interact with collagen and/or present a laminin epitope (IKVAV) crucial for cell-matrix adhesion and signal transduction. This combines scaffolding and signaling and shows that local tuning of collagen organization enhances cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Debons
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), Paris, F-75005, France.
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142
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Coogan KR, Stone PT, Sempertegui ND, Rao SS. Fabrication of micro-porous hyaluronic acid hydrogels through salt leaching. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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143
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Nanofibrous spongy microspheres to deliver rabbit mesenchymal stem cells and anti-miR-199a to regenerate nucleus pulposus and prevent calcification. Biomaterials 2020; 256:120213. [PMID: 32736170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lower back pain is mainly caused by intervertebral disc degeneration, in which calcification is frequently involved. Here novel nanofibrous spongy microspheres (NF-SMS) are used to carry rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to regenerate nucleus pulposus tissues. NF-SMS are shown to significantly enhance the MSC seeding, proliferation and differentiation over control microcarriers. Furthermore, a hyperbranched polymer (HP) with negligible cytotoxicity and high microRNA (miRNAs) binding affinity is synthesized. The HP can complex with anti-miR-199a and self-assemble into "double shell" polyplexes which are able to achieve high transfection efficiency into MSCs. A double-emulsion technique is used to encapsulate these polyplexes in biodegradable nanospheres (NS) to enable sustained anti-miR-199 delivery. Our results demonstrate that MSC/HP-anti-miR-199a/NS/NF-SMS constructs can promote the nucleus pulposus (NP) phenotype and resist calcification in vitro and in a subcutaneous environment. Furthermore, injection of MSC/HP-anti-miR-199a/NS/NF-SMS can stay in place, produce functional extracellular matrix, maintain disc height and prevent intervertebral disc (IVD) calcification in a rabbit lumbar degeneration model.
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144
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bioactive molecule carrier systems (BACS) are biomaterial-based substrates that facilitate the delivery of active signaling molecules for different biologically based therapeutic applications, which include regenerative endodontic procedures. Tissue regeneration or organized repair in regenerative endodontic procedures is governed by the dynamic orchestration of interactions between stem/progenitor cells, bioactive molecules, and extracellular matrix. BACS aid in mimicking some of the complex physiological processes, overcoming some of the challenges faced in the clinical translation of regenerative endodontic procedures. AREAS COVERED This narrative review addresses the role of BACS in stem/progenitor cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation with the application for dentin-pulp tissue engineering both in vitro and in vivo. BACS shield the bioactivity of the immobilized molecules against environmental factors, while its design allows the pre-programmed release of bioactive molecules in a spatial and temporal-controlled manner. The polymeric and non-polymeric materials used to synthesize micro and nanoscale-based BACS are reviewed. EXPERT OPINION Comprehensive characterization of well-designed and customized BACS is necessary to be able to deliver multiple bioactive molecules in spatiotemporally controlled manner and to address the release kinetics required for potential in vivo application. This warrants further laboratory-based experiments and rigorous clinical investigations to enable their clinical translation for regenerative endodontic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kishen
- The Kishen Lab, Dental Research Institute, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada.,School of Graduate Studies, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Health System, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hebatullah Hussein
- The Kishen Lab, Dental Research Institute, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada
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145
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Zhao C, Tian S, Liu Q, Xiu K, Lei I, Wang Z, Ma PX. Biodegradable nanofibrous temperature-responsive gelling microspheres for heart regeneration. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020. [PMID: 33071711 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (heart attack) is the number one killer of heart patients. Existing treatments for heart attack do not address the underlying problem of cardiomyocyte (CM) loss and cannot regenerate the myocardium. Introducing exogenous cardiac cells is required for heart regeneration due to the lack of resident progenitor cells and very limited proliferative potential of adult CMs. Poor retention of transplanted cells is the critical bottleneck of heart regeneration. Here, we report the invention of a poly(l-lactic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) copolymer and its self-assembly into nanofibrous gelling microspheres (NF-GMS). The NF-GMS undergo thermally responsive transition to form not only a 3D hydrogel after injection in vivo, but also exhibit architectural and structural characteristics mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM) of nanofibrous proteins and gelling proteoglycans or polysaccharides. By integrating the ECM-mimicking features, injectable form, and the capability of maintaining 3D geometry after injection, the transplantation of hESC-derived CMs carried by NF-GMS led to a striking 10-fold graft size increase over direct CM injection in an infarcted rat model, which is the highest reported engraftment to date. Furthermore, NF-GMS carried CM transplantation dramatically reduced infarct size, enhanced integration of transplanted CMs, stimulated vascularization in the infarct zone, and led to a substantial recovery of cardiac function. The NF-GMS may also serve as advanced injectable and integrative biomaterials for cell/biomolecule delivery in a variety of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Shuo Tian
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Qihai Liu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Kemao Xiu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ienglam Lei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Peter X Ma
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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146
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Zhao C, Tian S, Liu Q, Xiu K, Lei I, Wang Z, Ma PX. Biodegradable nanofibrous temperature-responsive gelling microspheres for heart regeneration. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2000776. [PMID: 33071711 PMCID: PMC7567402 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202000776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (heart attack) is the number one killer of heart patients. Existing treatments for heart attack do not address the underlying problem of cardiomyocyte (CM) loss and cannot regenerate the myocardium. Introducing exogenous cardiac cells is required for heart regeneration due to the lack of resident progenitor cells and very limited proliferative potential of adult CMs. Poor retention of transplanted cells is the critical bottleneck of heart regeneration. Here, we report the invention of a poly(l-lactic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) copolymer and its self-assembly into nanofibrous gelling microspheres (NF-GMS). The NF-GMS undergo thermally responsive transition to form not only a 3D hydrogel after injection in vivo, but also exhibit architectural and structural characteristics mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM) of nanofibrous proteins and gelling proteoglycans or polysaccharides. By integrating the ECM-mimicking features, injectable form, and the capability of maintaining 3D geometry after injection, the transplantation of hESC-derived CMs carried by NF-GMS led to a striking 10-fold graft size increase over direct CM injection in an infarcted rat model, which is the highest reported engraftment to date. Furthermore, NF-GMS carried CM transplantation dramatically reduced infarct size, enhanced integration of transplanted CMs, stimulated vascularization in the infarct zone, and led to a substantial recovery of cardiac function. The NF-GMS may also serve as advanced injectable and integrative biomaterials for cell/biomolecule delivery in a variety of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Shuo Tian
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Qihai Liu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Kemao Xiu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ienglam Lei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Peter X. Ma
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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147
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Tomal W, Ortyl J. Water-Soluble Photoinitiators in Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1073. [PMID: 32392892 PMCID: PMC7285382 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-initiated polymerization processes are currently an important tool in various industrial fields. The advancement of technology has resulted in the use of photopolymerization in various biomedical applications, such as the production of 3D hydrogel structures, the encapsulation of cells, and in drug delivery systems. The use of photopolymerization processes requires an appropriate initiating system that, in biomedical applications, must meet additional criteria such as high water solubility, non-toxicity to cells, and compatibility with visible low-power light sources. This article is a literature review on those compounds that act as photoinitiators of photopolymerization processes in biomedical applications. The division of initiators according to the method of photoinitiation was described and the related mechanisms were discussed. Examples from each group of photoinitiators are presented, and their benefits, limitations, and applications are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria Tomal
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Krakow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Joanna Ortyl
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Krakow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland;
- Photo HiTech Ltd., Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
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148
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Diogo GS, Marques CF, Sotelo CG, Pérez-Martín RI, Pirraco RP, Reis RL, Silva TH. Cell-Laden Biomimetically Mineralized Shark-Skin-Collagen-Based 3D Printed Hydrogels for the Engineering of Hard Tissues. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3664-3672. [PMID: 33463184 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mineralization processes based on coprecipitation methods have been applied as a promising alternative to the most commonly used methods of polymer-ceramic combination, direct mixing, and incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF) or modified SBF. In the present study, for the first time, the in situ mineralization (ideally hydroxyapatite formation) of blue shark (Prionace glauca (PG)) collagen to fabricate 3D printable cell-laden hydrogels is proposed. In the first part, several parameters for collagen mineralization were tested until optimization. The hydroxyapatite formation was confirmed by FT-IR, XRD, and TEM techniques. In the second part, stable bioinks combining the biomimetically mineralized collagen with alginate (AG) (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and AG) solution were used for 3D printing of hydrogels. The addition of Ca2+ ions into the system did present a synergistic effect: by one side, the in situ mineralization of the collagen occurred, and at same time, they were also useful to ionically cross-link the blends with alginate, avoiding the addition of any cytotoxic chemical cross-linking agent. Mouse fibroblast cell line survival during and after printing was favored by the presence of PG collagen as exhibited by the biological performance of the hydrogels. Inspired in a concept of marine byproduct valorization, 3D bioprinting of in situ mineralized blue shark collagen is thus proposed as a promising approach, envisioning the engineering of mineralized tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela S Diogo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Catarina F Marques
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Carmen G Sotelo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Rogério P Pirraco
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, AvePark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tiago H Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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149
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Krysiak ZJ, Gawlik MZ, Knapczyk-Korczak J, Kaniuk Ł, Stachewicz U. Hierarchical Composite Meshes of Electrospun PS Microfibers with PA6 Nanofibers for Regenerative Medicine. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E1974. [PMID: 32340243 PMCID: PMC7216289 DOI: 10.3390/ma13081974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the most frequently applied polymers in regenerative medicine is polystyrene (PS), which is commonly used as a flat surface and requires surface modifications for cell culture study. Here, hierarchical composite meshes were fabricated via electrospinning PS with nylon 6 (PA6) to obtain enhanced cell proliferation, development, and integration with nondegradable polymer fibers. The biomimetic approach of designed meshes was verified with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and MTS assay up to 7 days of cell culture. In particular, adding PA6 nanofibers changes the fibroblast attachment to meshes and their development, which can be observed by cell flattening, filopodia formation, and spreading. The proposed single-step manufacturing of meshes controlled the surface properties and roughness of produced composites, allowing governing cell behavior. Within this study, we show the alternative engineering of nondegradable meshes without post-treatment steps, which can be used in various applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Urszula Stachewicz
- International Center of Electron Microscopy for Material Science, Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Cracow, Poland; (Z.J.K.); (M.Z.G.); (J.K.-K.); (Ł.K.)
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150
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Amaro L, Correia DM, Martins PM, Botelho G, Carabineiro SAC, Ribeiro C, Lanceros-Mendez S. Morphology Dependence Degradation of Electro- and Magnetoactive Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) for Tissue Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E953. [PMID: 32325963 PMCID: PMC7240521 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is a piezoelectric biodegradable and biocompatible polymer suitable for tissue engineering applications. The incorporation of magnetostrictive cobalt ferrites (CFO) into PHBV matrix enables the production of magnetically responsive composites, which proved to be effective in the differentiation of a variety of cells and tissues. In this work, PHBV and PHBV with CFO nanoparticles were produced in the form of films, fibers and porous scaffolds and subjected to an experimental program allowing to evaluate the degradation process under biological conditions for a period up to 8 weeks. The morphology, physical, chemical and thermal properties were evaluated, together with the weight loss of the samples during the in vitro degradation assays. No major changes in the mentioned properties were found, thus proving its applicability for tissue engineering applications. Degradation was apparent from week 4 and onwards, leading to the conclusion that the degradation ratio of the material is suitable for a large range of tissue engineering applications. Further, it was found that the degradation of the samples maintain the biocompatibility of the materials for the pristine polymer, but can lead to cytotoxic effects when the magnetic CFO nanoparticles are exposed, being therefore needed, for magnetoactive applications, to substitute them by biocompatible ferrites, such as an iron oxide (Fe3O4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Amaro
- Center of Physics, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.A.); (D.M.C.); (P.M.M.)
| | - Daniela M. Correia
- Center of Physics, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.A.); (D.M.C.); (P.M.M.)
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Martins
- Center of Physics, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.A.); (D.M.C.); (P.M.M.)
| | - Gabriela Botelho
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Sónia A. C. Carabineiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Clarisse Ribeiro
- Center of Physics, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.A.); (D.M.C.); (P.M.M.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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