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Jennings J, Sang Y. Porcine Interferon Complex and Co-Evolution with Increasing Viral Pressure after Domestication. Viruses 2019; 11:v11060555. [PMID: 31208045 PMCID: PMC6631851 DOI: 10.3390/v11060555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Consisting of nearly 60 functional genes, porcine interferon (IFN)-complex represents an evolutionary surge of IFN evolution in domestic ungulate species. To compare with humans and mice, each of these species contains about 20 IFN functional genes, which are better characterized using the conventional IFN-α/β subtypes as examples. Porcine IFN-complex thus represents an optimal model for studying IFN evolution that resulted from increasing viral pressure during domestication and industrialization. We hypothesize and justify that porcine IFN-complex may extend its functionality in antiviral and immunomodulatory activity due to its superior molecular diversity. Furthermore, these unconventional IFNs could even confer some functional and signaling novelty beyond that of the well-studied IFN-α/β subtypes. Investigations into porcine IFN-complex will further our understanding of IFN biology and promote IFN-based therapeutic designs to confront swine viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Jennings
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
| | - Yongming Sang
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
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102
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Mesev EV, LeDesma RA, Ploss A. Decoding type I and III interferon signalling during viral infection. Nat Microbiol 2019; 4:914-924. [PMID: 30936491 PMCID: PMC6554024 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0421-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral responses are central to host defence against viral infection. Despite the existence of at least 20 IFNs, there are only three known cell surface receptors. IFN signalling and viral evasion mechanisms form an immensely complex network that differs across species. In this Review, we begin by highlighting some of the advances that have been made towards understanding the complexity of differential IFN signalling inputs and outputs that contribute to antiviral defences. Next, we explore some of the ways viruses can interfere with, or circumvent, these defences. Lastly, we address the largely under-reviewed impact of IFN signalling on host tropism, and we offer perspectives on the future of research into IFN signalling complexity and viral evasion across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily V Mesev
- Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Robert A LeDesma
- Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Alexander Ploss
- Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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103
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Kotenko SV, Rivera A, Parker D, Durbin JE. Type III IFNs: Beyond antiviral protection. Semin Immunol 2019; 43:101303. [PMID: 31771761 PMCID: PMC7141597 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.101303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The unexpected discovery of a novel family of antiviral mediators, type III IFNs or IFN-λs, challenged the widely accepted primacy of type I IFNs in antiviral immunity, and it is now well recognized that the IFN-λ-based antiviral system plays a major role in antiviral protection of epithelial barriers. The recent characterization of previously unknown IFN-λ-mediated activities has prompted further reassessment of the role of type I IFNs in innate and adaptive immune and inflammatory responses. Since type I and type III IFNs are co-produced in response to a variety of stimuli, it is likely that many physiological processes are simultaneously and coordinately regulated by these cytokines in pathological conditions, and likely at steady state, as baseline expression of both IFN types is maintained by microbiota. In this review, we discuss emerging differences in the production and signaling of type I and type III IFNs, and summarize results of recent studies describing the involvement of type III IFNs in anti-bacterial and anti-fungal, as well as antiviral, defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei V Kotenko
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA; Center for Cell Signaling, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA; Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, RBHS, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
| | - Amariliz Rivera
- Department of Pediatrics, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA; Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, RBHS, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Dane Parker
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA; Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, RBHS, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Joan E Durbin
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA; Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, RBHS, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
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104
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Type I interferon signaling, regulation and gene stimulation in chronic virus infection. Semin Immunol 2019; 43:101277. [PMID: 31155227 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type I Interferons (IFN-I) mediate numerous immune interactions during viral infections, from the establishment of an antiviral state to invoking and regulating innate and adaptive immune cells that eliminate infection. While continuous IFN-I signaling plays critical roles in limiting virus replication during both acute and chronic infections, sustained IFN-I signaling also leads to chronic immune activation, inflammation and, consequently, immune exhaustion and dysfunction. Thus, an understanding of the balance between the desirable and deleterious effects of chronic IFN-I signaling will inform our quest for IFN-based therapies for chronic viral infections as well as other chronic diseases, including cancer. As such the factors involved in induction, propagation and regulation of IFN-I signaling, from the initial sensing of viral nucleotides within the cell to regulatory downstream signaling factors and resulting IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) have received significant research attention. This review summarizes recent work on IFN-I signaling in chronic infections, and provides an update on therapeutic approaches being considered to counter such infections.
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105
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Talebi S, Saeedinia A, Zeinoddini M, Ahmadpour F, Sadeghizadeh M. Evaluation of a single amino acid substitution at position 79 of human IFN-α2b in interferon-receptor assembly and activity. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:735-743. [PMID: 31135267 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1566143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) are homologous cytokines that bind to a cell surface receptor and establish signaling pathways that motivate immune responses. The purpose of the current study is to assess the activity of a novel-engineered IFN-α2b. The crystallographic structure of IFN-α2b and its receptors was acquired from Protein Data Bank. Various amino acid substitutions were designed based on structural properties and other biological characteristics of residues to find the most effective amino acid on IFN affinity to advanced activities. The IFN-α2b mutants and receptors have been modeled and the interactions between two proteins have been studied as in silico by protein-protein docking for both mutants and native forms. The proper nucleic acid sequence IFN-α2 (T79Q) has been prepared based on the selected mutant. The modified IFN gene was cloned in pcDNA 3.1(-) and introduced to Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell line. Antiviral and antiproliferative assays of native and IFN-α2 (T79Q) proteins were performed in vitro. The results showed two-fold increasing in IFN-α2 (T79Q) activity (antiviral and antiproliferative activity) in comparison to native IFN-α2b. This engineered IFN-α2b may have significant novel therapeutic applications and in silico studies can be an influential method for practical research function and structure of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Talebi
- a Malek Ashtar University of Technology , Tehran , Iran.,b Trauma Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | | | | | - Fathollah Ahmadpour
- b Trauma Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- c Department of Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
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106
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Mohan K, Ueda G, Kim AR, Jude KM, Fallas JA, Guo Y, Hafer M, Miao Y, Saxton RA, Piehler J, Sankaran VG, Baker D, Garcia KC. Topological control of cytokine receptor signaling induces differential effects in hematopoiesis. Science 2019; 364:eaav7532. [PMID: 31123111 PMCID: PMC7274355 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav7532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although tunable signaling by G protein-coupled receptors can be exploited through medicinal chemistry, a comparable pharmacological approach has been lacking for the modulation of signaling through dimeric receptors, such as those for cytokines. We present a strategy to modulate cytokine receptor signaling output by use of a series of designed C2-symmetric cytokine mimetics, based on the designed ankyrin repeat protein (DARPin) scaffold, that can systematically control erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) dimerization orientation and distance between monomers. We sampled a range of EpoR geometries by varying intermonomer angle and distance, corroborated by several ligand-EpoR complex crystal structures. Across the range, we observed full, partial, and biased agonism as well as stage-selective effects on hematopoiesis. This surrogate ligand strategy opens access to pharmacological modulation of therapeutically important cytokine and growth factor receptor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Mohan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - George Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ah Ram Kim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kevin M Jude
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jorge A Fallas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Maximillian Hafer
- Division of Biophysics, Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Yi Miao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robert A Saxton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Division of Biophysics, Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
- Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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107
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Patra MC, Shah M, Choi S. Toll-like receptor-induced cytokines as immunotherapeutic targets in cancers and autoimmune diseases. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 64:61-82. [PMID: 31054927 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells of the myeloid and lymphoid lineages express Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to recognize pathogenic components or cellular debris and activate the immune system through the secretion of cytokines. Cytokines are signaling molecules that are structurally and functionally distinct from one another, although their secretion profiles and signaling cascades often overlap. This situation gives rise to pleiotropic cell-to-cell communication pathways essential for protection from infections as well as cancers. Nonetheless, deregulated signaling can have detrimental effects on the host, in the form of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Because cytokines are associated with numerous autoimmune and cancerous conditions, therapeutic strategies to modulate these molecules or their biological responses have been immensely beneficial over the years. There are still challenges in the regulation of cytokine function in patients, even in those who take approved biological therapeutics. In this review, our purpose is to discuss the differential expression patterns of TLR-regulated cytokines and their cell type specificity that is associated with cancers and immune-system-related diseases. In addition, we highlight key structural features and molecular recognition of cytokines by receptors; these data have facilitated the development and approval of several biologics for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Chandra Patra
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Masaud Shah
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangdun Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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108
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Catalina MD, Bachali P, Geraci NS, Grammer AC, Lipsky PE. Gene expression analysis delineates the potential roles of multiple interferons in systemic lupus erythematosus. Commun Biol 2019; 2:140. [PMID: 31044165 PMCID: PMC6478921 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A role for interferon (IFN) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis is inferred from the prominent IFN gene signature (IGS), but the major IFN species and its relationship to disease activity are unknown. A bioinformatic approach employing individual IFN species gene signatures to interrogate SLE microarray datasets demonstrates a putative role for numerous IFN species, with prominent expression of IFNB1 and IFNW signatures. In contrast with other SLE-affected organs, the IGS is less prominent in lupus nephritis. SLE patients with active and inactive disease have readily detectable IGS and the IGS changes synchronously with a monocyte signature but not disease activity, and is significantly related to monocyte transcripts. Monocyte over-expression of three times as many IGS transcripts as T and B cells and IGS retention in monocytes, but not T and B cells from inactive SLE patients contribute to the lack of correlation between the IGS and SLE disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle D. Catalina
- AMPEL BioSolutions LLC and RILITE Research Institute, 250 West Main Street, Suite 300, Charlottesville, VA 22902 USA
| | - Prathyusha Bachali
- AMPEL BioSolutions LLC and RILITE Research Institute, 250 West Main Street, Suite 300, Charlottesville, VA 22902 USA
| | - Nicholas S. Geraci
- AMPEL BioSolutions LLC and RILITE Research Institute, 250 West Main Street, Suite 300, Charlottesville, VA 22902 USA
| | - Amrie C. Grammer
- AMPEL BioSolutions LLC and RILITE Research Institute, 250 West Main Street, Suite 300, Charlottesville, VA 22902 USA
| | - Peter E. Lipsky
- AMPEL BioSolutions LLC and RILITE Research Institute, 250 West Main Street, Suite 300, Charlottesville, VA 22902 USA
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109
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Lazear HM, Schoggins JW, Diamond MS. Shared and Distinct Functions of Type I and Type III Interferons. Immunity 2019; 50:907-923. [PMID: 30995506 PMCID: PMC6839410 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 657] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) (IFN-α, IFN-β) and type III IFNs (IFN-λ) share many properties, including induction by viral infection, activation of shared signaling pathways, and transcriptional programs. However, recent discoveries have revealed context-specific functional differences. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of type I and type III IFN activities, highlighting shared and distinct features from molecular mechanisms through physiological responses. Beyond discussing canonical antiviral functions, we consider the adaptive immune priming, anti-tumor, and autoimmune functions of IFNs. We discuss a model wherein type III IFNs serve as a front-line defense that controls infection at epithelial barriers while minimizing damaging inflammatory responses, reserving the more potent type I IFN response for when local responses are insufficient. In this context, we discuss current therapeutic applications targeting these cytokine pathways and highlight gaps in understanding of the biology of type I and type III IFNs in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - John W Schoggins
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology & Immunology, and Molecular Microbiology, and The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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110
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Sharma N, O'Neal AJ, Gonzalez C, Wittling M, Gjinaj E, Parsons LM, Panda D, Khalenkov A, Scott D, Misra S, Rabin RL. S27 of IFNα1 Contributes to Its Low Affinity for IFNAR2 and Weak Antiviral Activity. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 39:283-292. [PMID: 30920934 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2018.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) signal by forming a high affinity IFN-IFNAR2 dimer, which subsequently recruits IFNAR1 to form a ternary complex that initiates JAK/STAT signaling. Among the 12 IFNα subtypes, IFNα1 has a uniquely low affinity for IFNAR2 (<100 × of the other IFNα subtypes) and commensurately weak antiviral activity, suggesting an undefined function distinct from suppression of viral infections. Also unique in IFNα1 is substitution of a serine for phenylalanine at position 27, a contact point that stabilizes the IFNα:IFNAR2 hydrophobic interface. To determine whether IFNα1-S27 contributes to the low affinity for IFNAR2, we created an IFNα1 mutein, IFNα1-S27F, and compared it to wild-type IFNα1 and IFNα2. Substitution of phenylalanine for serine increased affinity for IFNAR2 ∼4-fold and commensurately enhanced activation of STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5, transcription of a subset of interferon stimulated genes, and restriction of vesicular stomatitis virus infection in vitro. Structural modeling suggests that S27 of IFNα1 disrupts the IFNα:IFNAR2 hydrophobic interface that is otherwise stabilized by F27 and that replacing S27 with phenylalanine partially restores the hydrophobic surface. Disruption of the hydrophobic IFNα:IFNAR2 interface by the unique S27 of IFN α1 contributes to its low affinity and weak antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikunj Sharma
- 1 Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Anya J O'Neal
- 1 Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Christian Gonzalez
- 1 Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Megen Wittling
- 1 Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Erisa Gjinaj
- 1 Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Lisa M Parsons
- 1 Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Debasis Panda
- 1 Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Alexey Khalenkov
- 2 Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Dorothy Scott
- 2 Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Saurav Misra
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Ronald L Rabin
- 1 Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
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111
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Mendoza JL, Escalante NK, Jude KM, Sotolongo Bellon J, Su L, Horton TM, Tsutsumi N, Berardinelli SJ, Haltiwanger RS, Piehler J, Engleman EG, Garcia KC. Structure of the IFNγ receptor complex guides design of biased agonists. Nature 2019; 567:56-60. [PMID: 30814731 PMCID: PMC6561087 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-0988-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The cytokine interferon-γ (IFNγ) is a central coordinator of innate and adaptive immunity, but its highly pleiotropic actions have diminished its prospects for use as an immunotherapeutic agent. Here, we took a structure-based approach to decoupling IFNγ pleiotropy. We engineered an affinity-enhanced variant of the ligand-binding chain of the IFNγ receptor IFNγR1, which enabled us to determine the crystal structure of the complete hexameric (2:2:2) IFNγ-IFNγR1-IFNγR2 signalling complex at 3.25 Å resolution. The structure reveals the mechanism underlying deficits in IFNγ responsiveness in mycobacterial disease syndrome resulting from a T168N mutation in IFNγR2, which impairs assembly of the full signalling complex. The topology of the hexameric complex offers a blueprint for engineering IFNγ variants to tune IFNγ receptor signalling output. Unexpectedly, we found that several partial IFNγ agonists exhibited biased gene-expression profiles. These biased agonists retained the ability to induce upregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I antigen expression, but exhibited impaired induction of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in a wide range of human cancer cell lines, offering a route to decoupling immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive functions of IFNγ for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan L Mendoza
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Molecular Engineering and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nichole K Escalante
- Stanford Blood Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kevin M Jude
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Junel Sotolongo Bellon
- Division of Biophysics, Department of Biology, University of Osnabruck, Osnabruck, Germany
| | - Leon Su
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tim M Horton
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Naotaka Tsutsumi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jacob Piehler
- Division of Biophysics, Department of Biology, University of Osnabruck, Osnabruck, Germany
| | - Edgar G Engleman
- Stanford Blood Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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112
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Du T, Buenbrazo N, Kell L, Rahmani S, Sim L, Withers SG, DeFrees S, Wakarchuk W. A Bacterial Expression Platform for Production of Therapeutic Proteins Containing Human-like O-Linked Glycans. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:203-212.e5. [PMID: 30503285 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an Escherichia coli strain for the in vivo production of O-glycosylated proteins. This was achieved using a dual plasmid approach: one encoding a therapeutic protein target, and a second encoding the enzymatic machinery required for O-glycosylation. The latter plasmid encodes human polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase as well as a β1,3-galactosyl transferase and UDP-Glc(NAc)-4-epimerase, both from Campylobacter jejuni, and a disulfide bond isomerase of bacterial or human origin. The effectiveness of this two-plasmid synthetic operon system has been tested on three proteins with therapeutic potential: the native and an engineered version of the naturally O-glycosylated human interferon α-2b, as well as human growth hormone with one engineered site of glycosylation. Having established proof of principle for the addition of the core-1 glycan onto proteins, we are now developing this system as a platform for producing and modifying human protein therapeutics with more complex O-glycan structures in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Nakita Buenbrazo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Laura Kell
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Sadia Rahmani
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Lyann Sim
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Stephen G Withers
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Shawn DeFrees
- La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Warren Wakarchuk
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
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113
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Lee S, Son WS, Yang HB, Rajasekaran N, Kim SS, Hong S, Choi JS, Choi JY, Song K, Shin YK. A Glycoengineered Interferon-β Mutein (R27T) Generates Prolonged Signaling by an Altered Receptor-Binding Kinetics. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1568. [PMID: 30733680 PMCID: PMC6353837 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycoengineering approach is used to improve biophysical properties of protein-based drugs, but its direct impact on binding affinity and kinetic properties for the glycoengineered protein and its binding partner interaction is unclear. Type I interferon (IFN) receptors, composed of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2, have different binding strengths, and sequentially bind to IFN in the dominant direction, leading to activation of signals and induces a variety of biological effects. Here, we evaluated receptor-binding kinetics for each state of binary and ternary complex formation between recombinant human IFN-β-1a and the glycoengineered IFN-β mutein (R27T) using the heterodimeric Fc-fusion technology, and compared biological responses between them. Our results have provided evidence that the additional glycan of R27T, located at the binding interface of IFNAR2, destabilizes the interaction with IFNAR2 via steric hindrance, and simultaneously enhances the interaction with IFNAR1 by restricting the conformational freedom of R27T. Consequentially, altered receptor-binding kinetics of R27T in the ternary complex formation led to a substantial increase in strength and duration of biological responses such as prolonged signal activation and gene expression, contributing to enhanced anti-proliferative activity. In conclusion, our findings reveal N-glycan at residue 25 of R27T is a crucial regulator of receptor-binding kinetics that changes biological activities such as long-lasting activation. Thus, we believe that R27T may be clinically beneficial for patients with multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saehyung Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Sung Son
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon, South Korea
| | - Ho Bin Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nirmal Rajasekaran
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Su Kim
- The Center for Companion Diagnostics, LOGONE Bio Convergence Research Foundation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungyoul Hong
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | | | - Kyoung Song
- The Center for Companion Diagnostics, LOGONE Bio Convergence Research Foundation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Kee Shin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea
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114
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Xia Y, Schlapschy M, Morath V, Roeder N, Vogt EI, Stadler D, Cheng X, Dittmer U, Sutter K, Heikenwalder M, Skerra A, Protzer U. PASylated interferon α efficiently suppresses hepatitis B virus and induces anti-HBs seroconversion in HBV-transgenic mice. Antiviral Res 2019; 161:134-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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115
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Moradi S, Hosseini E, Abdoli M, Khani S, Shahlaei M. Comparative molecular dynamic simulation study on the use of chitosan for temperature stabilization of interferon αII. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 203:52-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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116
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Zav'yalov VP, Hämäläinen-Laanaya H, Korpela TK, Wahlroos T. Interferon-Inducible Myxovirus Resistance Proteins: Potential Biomarkers for Differentiating Viral from Bacterial Infections. Clin Chem 2018; 65:739-750. [PMID: 30593466 PMCID: PMC7108468 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.292391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2015, the 68th World Health Assembly declared that effective, rapid, low-cost diagnostic tools were needed for guiding optimal use of antibiotics in medicine. This review is devoted to interferon-inducible myxovirus resistance proteins as potential biomarkers for differentiating viral from bacterial infections. CONTENT After viral infection, a branch of the interferon (IFN)-induced molecular reactions is triggered by the binding of IFNs with their receptors, a process leading to the activation of mx1 and mx2, which produce antiviral Mx proteins (MxA and MxB). We summarize current knowledge of the structures and functions of type I and III IFNs. Antiviral mechanisms of Mx proteins are discussed in reference to their structural and functional data to provide an in-depth picture of protection against viral attacks. Knowing such a mechanism may allow the development of countermeasures and the specific detection of any viral infection. Clinical research data indicate that Mx proteins are biomarkers for many virus infections, with some exceptions, whereas C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin have established positions as general biomarkers for bacterial infections. SUMMARY Mx genes are not directly induced by viruses and are not expressed constitutively; their expression strictly depends on IFN signaling. MxA protein production in peripheral blood cells has been shown to be a clinically sensitive and specific marker for viral infection. Viral infections specifically increase MxA concentrations, whereas viruses have only a modest increase in CRP or procalcitonin concentrations. Therefore, comparison of MxA and CRP and/or procalcitonin values can be used for the differentiation of infectious etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Timo K Korpela
- Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tony Wahlroos
- Laboratory of Clinical Research, Labmaster Ltd., Turku, Finland
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117
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Imada T, Moriya K, Uchiyama M, Inukai N, Hitotsuyanagi M, Masuda A, Suzuki T, Ayukawa S, Tagawa YI, Dohmae N, Kohara M, Yamamura M, Kiga D. A Highly Bioactive Lys-Deficient IFN Leads to a Site-Specific Di-PEGylated IFN with Equivalent Bioactivity to That of Unmodified IFN-α2b. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:2537-2546. [PMID: 30277749 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although conjugation with polyethylene glycol (PEGylation) improves the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic proteins, it drastically decreases their bioactivity. Site-specific PEGylation counters the reduction in bioactivity, but developing PEGylated proteins with equivalent bioactivity to that of their unmodified counterparts remains challenging. This study aimed to generate PEGylated proteins with equivalent bioactivity to that of unmodified counterparts. Using interferon (IFN) as a model protein, a highly bioactive Lys-deficient protein variant generated using our unique directed evolution methods enables the design of a site-specific di-PEGylated protein. Antiviral activity of our di-PEGylated IFN was similar to that of unmodified IFN-α2b. The di-PEGylated IFN exhibited 3.0-fold greater antiviral activity than that of a commercial PEGylated IFN. Moreover, our di-PEGylated IFN showed higher in vitro and in vivo stability than those of unmodified IFN-α2b. Hence, we propose that highly bioactive Lys-deficient proteins solve the limitation of conventional PEGylation with respect to the reduction in bioactivity of PEGylated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Akiko Masuda
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shotaro Ayukawa
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 169-8050, Japan
| | | | - Naoshi Dohmae
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Michinori Kohara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Kiga
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 169-8050, Japan
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118
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Hallen MA, Martin JW, Ojewole A, Jou JD, Lowegard AU, Frenkel MS, Gainza P, Nisonoff HM, Mukund A, Wang S, Holt GT, Zhou D, Dowd E, Donald BR. OSPREY 3.0: Open-source protein redesign for you, with powerful new features. J Comput Chem 2018; 39:2494-2507. [PMID: 30368845 PMCID: PMC6391056 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We present osprey 3.0, a new and greatly improved release of the osprey protein design software. Osprey 3.0 features a convenient new Python interface, which greatly improves its ease of use. It is over two orders of magnitude faster than previous versions of osprey when running the same algorithms on the same hardware. Moreover, osprey 3.0 includes several new algorithms, which introduce substantial speedups as well as improved biophysical modeling. It also includes GPU support, which provides an additional speedup of over an order of magnitude. Like previous versions of osprey, osprey 3.0 offers a unique package of advantages over other design software, including provable design algorithms that account for continuous flexibility during design and model conformational entropy. Finally, we show here empirically that osprey 3.0 accurately predicts the effect of mutations on protein-protein binding. Osprey 3.0 is available at http://www.cs.duke.edu/donaldlab/osprey.php as free and open-source software. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Hallen
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
27708
- Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago, Chicago, IL
60637
| | | | - Adegoke Ojewole
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Jonathan D. Jou
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
27708
| | - Anna U. Lowegard
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Marcel S. Frenkel
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center,
Durham, NC 27710
| | - Pablo Gainza
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
27708
| | | | - Aditya Mukund
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
27708
| | - Siyu Wang
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Graham T. Holt
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - David Zhou
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
27708
| | - Elizabeth Dowd
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
27708
| | - Bruce R. Donald
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
27708
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC
27708
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center,
Durham, NC 27710
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119
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Gorby C, Martinez-Fabregas J, Wilmes S, Moraga I. Mapping Determinants of Cytokine Signaling via Protein Engineering. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2143. [PMID: 30319612 PMCID: PMC6170656 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines comprise a large family of secreted ligands that are critical for the regulation of immune homeostasis. Cytokines initiate signaling via dimerization or oligomerization of the cognate receptor subunits, triggering the activation of the Janus Kinases (JAKs)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription (STATs) pathway and the induction of specific gene expression programs and bioactivities. Deregulation of cytokines or their downstream signaling pathways are at the root of many human disorders including autoimmunity and cancer. Identifying and understanding the mechanistic principles that govern cytokine signaling will, therefore, be highly important in order to harness the therapeutic potential of cytokines. In this review, we will analyze how biophysical (ligand-receptor binding geometry and affinity) and cellular (receptor trafficking and intracellular abundance of signaling molecules) parameters shape the cytokine signalosome and cytokine functional pleiotropy; from the initial cytokine binding to its receptor to the degradation of the cytokine receptor complex in the proteasome and/or lysosome. We will also discuss how combining advanced protein engineering with detailed signaling and functional studies has opened promising avenues to tackle complex questions in the cytokine signaling field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Gorby
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Martinez-Fabregas
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan Wilmes
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ignacio Moraga
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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120
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Lee AJ, Ashkar AA. The Dual Nature of Type I and Type II Interferons. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2061. [PMID: 30254639 PMCID: PMC6141705 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I and type II interferons (IFN) are central to both combating virus infection and modulating the antiviral immune response. Indeed, an absence of either the receptor for type I IFNs or IFN-y have resulted in increased susceptibility to virus infection, including increased virus replication and reduced survival. However, an emerging area of research has shown that there is a dual nature to these cytokines. Recent evidence has demonstrated that both type I and type II IFNs have immunoregulatory functions during infection and type II immune responses. In this review, we address the dual nature of type I and type II interferons and present evidence that both antiviral and immunomodulatory functions are critical during virus infection to not only limit virus replication and initiate an appropriate antiviral immune response, but to also negatively regulate this response to minimize tissue damage. Both the activating and negatively regulatory properties of type I and II IFNs work in concert with each other to create a balanced immune response that combats the infection while minimizing collateral damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Lee
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ali A Ashkar
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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121
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Mastrangeli R, Palinsky W, Bierau H. How unique is interferon-β within the type I interferon family? Cytokine 2018; 111:206-208. [PMID: 30176558 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
All type I interferons share structural homology and bind to a common heterodimeric receptor consisting of the IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 subunits, which are expressed on most cell types. Although binding to the same receptor pair, they evoke a broad range of activities within the cell affecting the expression of numerous genes and resulting in profound cellular changes. Differential activation results from multiple levels of cellular and molecular events including binding affinity, receptor density, cell type-specific variations, and post-translational modification of signaling molecules downstream. Within the type I interferon family the Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) sequence motif is unique to interferon-β and, together with its deamidated variants Asp-Gly-Arg (DGR) and iso-Asp-Gly-Arg (iso-DGR), imparts additional binding specificities that go beyond that of the canonical IFNAR1/IFNAR2. These warrant further investigations and functional studies and may eventually shed new light on differential effects observed for this molecule in oncology and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Mastrangeli
- Biotech Development Programme, CMC Science & Intelligence, Merck Serono SpA (an affiliate of Merck KgaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Rome), Italy
| | - Wolf Palinsky
- Biotech Development Programme, Merck Biopharma (an affiliate of Merck KgaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Zone Industrielle de l'Ouriettaz, Aubonne 1170, Switzerland
| | - Horst Bierau
- Biotech Development Programme, CMC Science & Intelligence, Merck Serono SpA (an affiliate of Merck KgaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Rome), Italy.
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122
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Harris BD, Schreiter J, Chevrier M, Jordan JL, Walter MR. Human interferon-ϵ and interferon-κ exhibit low potency and low affinity for cell-surface IFNAR and the poxvirus antagonist B18R. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16057-16068. [PMID: 30171073 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IFNϵ and IFNκ are interferons that induce microbial immunity at mucosal surfaces and in the skin. They are members of the type-I interferon (IFN) family, which consists of 16 different IFNs, that all signal through the common IFNAR1/IFNAR2 receptor complex. Although IFNϵ and IFNκ have unique expression and functional properties, their biophysical properties have not been extensively studied. In this report, we describe the expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant human IFNϵ and IFNκ. In cellular assays, IFNϵ and IFNκ exhibit ∼1000-fold lower potency than IFNα2 and IFNω. The reduced potency of IFNϵ and IFNκ are consistent with their weak affinity for the IFNAR2 receptor chain. Despite reduced IFNAR2-binding affinities, IFNϵ and IFNκ exhibit affinities for the IFNAR1 chain that are similar to other IFN subtypes. As observed for cellular IFNAR2 receptor, the poxvirus antagonist, B18R, also exhibits reduced affinity for IFNϵ and IFNκ, relative to the other IFNs. Taken together, our data suggest IFNϵ and IFNκ are specialized IFNs that have evolved to weakly bind to the IFNAR2 chain, which allows innate protection of the mucosa and skin and limits neutralization of IFNϵ and IFNκ biological activities by viral IFN antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany D Harris
- From the Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35243 and
| | | | - Marc Chevrier
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, New Jersey 08869
| | - Jarrat L Jordan
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, New Jersey 08869
| | - Mark R Walter
- From the Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35243 and
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123
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Fisher KH, Fragiadaki M, Pugazhendhi D, Bausek N, Arredondo MA, Thomas SJ, Brown S, Zeidler MP. A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies MASK as a positive regulator of cytokine receptor stability. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.209551. [PMID: 29848658 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.209551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine receptors often act via the Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway to form a signalling cascade that is essential for processes such as haematopoiesis, immune responses and tissue homeostasis. In order to transduce ligand activation, cytokine receptors must dimerise. However, mechanisms regulating their dimerisation are poorly understood. In order to better understand the processes regulating cytokine receptor levels, and their activity and dimerisation, we analysed the highly conserved JAK/STAT pathway in Drosophila, which acts via a single receptor, known as Domeless. We performed a genome-wide RNAi screen in Drosophila cells, identifying MASK as a positive regulator of Domeless dimerisation and protein levels. We show that MASK is able to regulate receptor levels and JAK/STAT signalling both in vitro and in vivo We also show that its human homologue, ANKHD1, is also able to regulate JAK/STAT signalling and the levels of a subset of pathway receptors in human cells. Taken together, our results identify MASK as a novel regulator of cytokine receptor levels, and suggest functional conservation, which may have implications for human health.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine H Fisher
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Maria Fragiadaki
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Dhamayanthi Pugazhendhi
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Nina Bausek
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Maria A Arredondo
- Department of Oncology & Human Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Sally J Thomas
- Department of Oncology & Human Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Stephen Brown
- The Sheffield RNAi Screening Facility, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Martin P Zeidler
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
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124
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Constitutive interferon signaling maintains critical threshold of MLKL expression to license necroptosis. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:332-347. [PMID: 29786074 PMCID: PMC6329789 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are critical determinants in immune-competence and autoimmunity, and are endogenously regulated by a low-level constitutive feedback loop. However, little is known about the functions and origins of constitutive IFN. Recently, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IFN was implicated as a driver of necroptosis, a necrotic form of cell death downstream of receptor-interacting protein (RIP) kinase activation and executed by mixed lineage kinase like-domain (MLKL) protein. We found that the pre-established IFN status of the cell, instead of LPS-induced IFN, is critical for the early initiation of necroptosis in macrophages. This pre-established IFN signature stems from cytosolic DNA sensing via cGAS/STING, and maintains the expression of MLKL and one or more unknown effectors above a critical threshold to allow for MLKL oligomerization and cell death. Finally, we found that elevated IFN-signaling in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) augments necroptosis, providing a link between pathological IFN and tissue damage during autoimmunity.
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125
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Sinclair JKL, Walker AS, Doerner AE, Schepartz A. Mechanism of Allosteric Coupling into and through the Plasma Membrane by EGFR. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:857-870.e7. [PMID: 29731426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) interacts through its extracellular domain with seven different growth factors. These factors induce different structures within the cytoplasmic juxtamembrane (JM) segment of the dimeric receptor and propagate different growth factor-dependent signals to the cell interior. How this process occurs is unknown. Here we apply diverse experimental and computational tools to show that growth factor identity is encoded by the EGFR transmembrane (TM) helix into discrete helix dimer populations that differ in both cross-location and cross-angle. Helix dimers with smaller cross-angles at multiple cross locations are decoded to induce an EGF-type coiled coil in the adjacent JM, whereas helix dimers with larger cross-angles at fewer cross locations induce the TGF-α-type coiled coil. We propose an updated model for how conformational coupling across multiple EGFR domains results in growth factor-specific information transfer, and demonstrate that this model applies to both EGFR and the related receptor ErbB2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allison S Walker
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8107, USA
| | - Amy E Doerner
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8107, USA
| | - Alanna Schepartz
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8107, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8103, USA.
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126
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Fear VS, Poh WP, Gorman S, Waithman JC, Fear MW. IFNβ inhibits the development of allergen tolerance and is conducive to the development of asthma on subsequent allergen exposure. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:841-851. [PMID: 29611236 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease affecting up to 10% of the Australian population for which medical treatment is solely aimed at relief of symptoms rather than prevention of disease. Evidence from animal and human studies demonstrates a strong link between viral respiratory infections, atopy and the development of asthma. Type I IFNs include IFNα and IFNβ, with subtype expression tailored toward the specific viral infection. We hypothesized that exposure to type I IFNs and allergen may interfere with the healthy response to innocuous airway antigen exposure. In this study, we use an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced BALB/c model of experimental allergic airways disease, where pre-exposure of the airways to OVA is protective against allergen sensitization, leading to allergen tolerance. We investigated airways pre-exposure with OVA and type I IFNs on development of allergic airways disease. We demonstrate restoration of allergic airways disease on pre-exposure with allergen and IFNβ, and not IFNα. Dysfunction in tolerance led to changes in dendritic cell antigen capture/traffic, T-cell and B-cell responses. Furthermore, exposure to IFNβ with ongoing allergen exposure led to the development of hallmark asthma features, including OVA-specific IgE and airways eosinophilia. Data indicate a role for IFNβ in linking viral infection and allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa S Fear
- Tumour Immunology Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Wee Peng Poh
- Inflammation Group, Telethon Kids Institute, School of Paediatrics and Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Shelley Gorman
- Inflammation Group, Telethon Kids Institute, School of Paediatrics and Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jason C Waithman
- Inflammation Group, Telethon Kids Institute, School of Paediatrics and Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mark W Fear
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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127
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Site-specific derivatization of human interferon β-1a at lysine residues using microbial transglutaminase. Amino Acids 2018; 50:923-932. [PMID: 29627904 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2563-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Microbial transglutaminase (TGase) has been successfully used to produce site-specific protein conjugates derivatized at the level of glutamine (Gln) or lysine (Lys) residues with diverse applications. Here, we study the drug human interferon β-1a (IFN) as a substrate of TGase. The derivatization reaction was performed using carbobenzoxy-L-glutaminyl-glycine to modify Lys residues and dansylcadaverine for Gln residues. The 166 amino acids polypeptide chain of IFN β-1a contains 11 Lys and 11 Gln residues potential sites of TGase derivatization. By means of mass spectrometry analyses, we demonstrate the highly selective derivatization of this protein by TGase at the level of Lys115 and as secondary site at the level of Lys33, while no reactive Gln residue was detected. Limited proteolysis experiments were performed on IFN to determine flexible regions of the protein under physiological conditions. Interestingly, primary and secondary sites of limited proteolysis and of TGase derivatization occur at the same regions of the polypeptide chain, indicating that the extraordinary selectivity of the TGase-mediated reaction is dictated by the conformational features of the protein substrate. We envisage that the TGase-mediated derivatization of IFN can be used to produce interesting derivatives of this important therapeutic protein.
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128
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Zuo C, Sheng X, Ma M, Xia M, Ouyang L. ISG15 in the tumorigenesis and treatment of cancer: An emerging role in malignancies of the digestive system. Oncotarget 2018; 7:74393-74409. [PMID: 27626310 PMCID: PMC5342061 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The interferon-stimulated gene 15 ubiquitin-like modifier (ISG15) encodes an IFN-inducible, ubiquitin-like protein. The ISG15 protein forms conjugates with numerous cellular proteins that are involved in a multitude of cellular functions, including interferon-induced immune responses and the regulation of cellular protein turnover. The expression of ISG15 and ISG15-mediated conjugation has been implicated in a wide range of human tumors and cancer cell lines, but the roles of ISG15 in tumorigenesis and responses to anticancer treatments remain largely unknown. In this review, we discuss the findings of recent studies with regard to the role of ISG15 pathways in cancers of the digestive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohui Zuo
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Graduate School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyi Sheng
- Graduate School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Man Xia
- Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Province Cancer Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Linda Ouyang
- Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Province Cancer Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Noël N, Jacquelin B, Huot N, Goujard C, Lambotte O, Müller-Trutwin M. Interferon-associated therapies toward HIV control: The back and forth. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 40:99-112. [PMID: 29555233 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces a persistent and incurable infection. However, the combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) has markedly changed the evolution of the infection and transformed a deadly disease into a manageable chronic infection. Withdrawal of cART generally leads though to resumption of the viral replication. The eradication of the virus from its cellular and anatomical reservoirs remains a goal-to-achieve for a cure. In this context, developing novel therapies contributing to this aim are an important field of research. Type I IFN has antiviral activity, which, before the presence of efficient anti-HIV drugs, has led to the testing of IFN-based therapeutic strategies during the early years of the pandemic. A historical overview of the results and its limitations that were put into light are reviewed here. In addition, several lessons could be drawn. For instance, the efficacy of the IFN-I depends on the timing of its administration and the context. Thus, the persistence of an endogenous IFN-signature, such as that generally observed in viremic patients, seems to be associated with a lower efficacy of IFN. Based on the lessons from previous trials, and in the context of cART and research for a cure, type I Interferon has regained interest and novel therapeutic approaches are currently tested in combination with cART, some with disappointing, other with encouraging results with regard to a reduction in the size of the HIV reservoir and/or delays in viral rebound after cessation of cART. Additional strategies are currently developed in addition to improve the antiviral function of the IFN-I, by using for instance other IFN subtypes than IFN-Iα2. In parallel, the development of innovative strategies aimed at counteracting the excessive activation of the IFN-pathways have been continued and their results are reviewed here as well. Altogether, the use of IFN-I in anti-HIV therapies has gone through distinct phases and many lessons could be drawn. Novel combinations are currently be tested that might provide interesting results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Noël
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV, Inflammation & Persistence, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM/CEA U1184, Immunologie des Maladies Virales et Autoimmunes, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | | | - Nicolas Huot
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV, Inflammation & Persistence, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Goujard
- Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; CESP, INSERM U1018, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM/CEA U1184, Immunologie des Maladies Virales et Autoimmunes, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Mastrangeli R, D'amici F, D'Acunto CW, Fiumi S, Rossi M, Terlizzese M, Palinsky W, Bierau H. A deamidated interferon-β variant binds to integrin αvβ3. Cytokine 2018; 104:38-41. [PMID: 29414325 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human type I interferons are a family of pleiotropic cytokines with antiviral, anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory activities. They signal through the same cell surface receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 yet evoking markedly different physiological effects. One differentiating factor of interferon-beta (IFN-β) from other type I interferons is the presence of theAsn-Gly-Arg (NGR) sequence motif, which, upon deamidation, converts to Asp-Gly-Arg (DGR) and iso-Asp-Gly-Arg (iso-DGR) motifs. In other proteins, the NGR and iso-DGR motifs are reported as CD13- and αvβ3, αvβ5, αvβ6, αvβ8 and α5β1 integrin-binding motifs, respectively. The scope of this study was to perform exploratory surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments to assess the binding properties of a deamidated IFN-β variant to integrins. For this purpose, integrin αvβ3 was selected as a reference model within the iso-DGR- integrin binding members. The obtained results show that deamidated IFN-β binds integrin αvβ3 with nanomolar affinity and that the response was dependent on the deamidation extent. Based on these results, it can be expected that deamidated IFN-β also binds to other integrin family members that are able to bind to the iso-DGR binding motif. The novel binding properties could help elucidate specific IFN-β attributes that under physiological conditions may be modulated by the deamidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Mastrangeli
- Biotech Development Programme, CMC Science & Intelligence, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Fabio D'amici
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Cosimo-Walter D'Acunto
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Sabrina Fiumi
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Mara Rossi
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Terlizzese
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Wolf Palinsky
- Biotech Development Programme, Merck Biopharma (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Zone Industrielle de l'Ouriettaz, Aubonne 1170, Switzerland
| | - Horst Bierau
- Biotech Development Programme, CMC Science & Intelligence, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy.
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131
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Schleicher U, Liese J, Justies N, Mischke T, Haeberlein S, Sebald H, Kalinke U, Weiss S, Bogdan C. Type I Interferon Signaling Is Required for CpG-Oligodesoxynucleotide-Induced Control of Leishmania major, but Not for Spontaneous Cure of Subcutaneous Primary or Secondary L. major Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:79. [PMID: 29459858 PMCID: PMC5807663 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that in mice infected with Leishmania major type I interferons (IFNs) initiate the innate immune response to the parasite at day 1 and 2 of infection. Here, we investigated which type I IFN subtypes are expressed during the first 8 weeks of L. major infection and whether type I IFNs are essential for a protective immune response and clinical cure of the disease. In self-healing C57BL/6 mice infected with a high dose of L. major, IFN-α4, IFN-α5, IFN-α11, IFN-α13, and IFN-β mRNA were most prominently regulated during the course of infection. In C57BL/6 mice deficient for IFN-β or the IFN-α/β-receptor chain 1 (IFNAR1), development of skin lesions and parasite loads in skin, draining lymph node, and spleen was indistinguishable from wild-type (WT) mice. In line with the clinical findings, C57BL/6 IFN-β−/−, IFNAR1−/−, and WT mice exhibited similar mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-12, IL-13, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and arginase 1 during the acute and late phase of the infection. Also, myeloid dendritic cells from WT and IFNAR1−/− mice produced comparable amounts of IL-12p40/p70 protein upon exposure to L. major in vitro. In non-healing BALB/c WT mice, the mRNAs of IFN-α subtypes (α2, α4, α5, α6, and α9) were rapidly induced after high-dose L. major infection. However, genetic deletion of IFNAR1 or IFN-β did not alter the progressive course of infection seen in WT BALB/c mice. Finally, we tested whether type I IFNs and/or IL-12 are required for the prophylactic effect of CpG-oligodesoxynucleotides (ODN) in BALB/c mice. Local and systemic administration of CpG-ODN 1668 protected WT and IFN-β−/− mice equally well from progressive leishmaniasis. By contrast, the protective effect of CpG-ODN 1668 was lost in BALB/c IFNAR1−/− (despite a sustained suppression of IL-4) and in BALB/c IL-12p35−/− mice. From these data, we conclude that IFN-β and IFNAR1 signaling are dispensable for a curative immune response to L. major in C57BL/6 mice and irrelevant for disease development in BALB/c mice, whereas IL-12 and IFN-α subtypes are essential for the disease prevention by CpG-ODNs in this mouse strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Schleicher
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Liese
- Abteilung Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Justies
- Abteilung Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Mischke
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Haeberlein
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heidi Sebald
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institut für Experimentelle Infektionsforschung, TWINCORE, Zentrum für Experimentelle und Klinische Infektionsforschung, eine Gemeinschaftseinrichtung vom Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung und der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weiss
- Abteilung für Molekulare Immunologie, Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian Bogdan
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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132
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A dual role for the N-terminal domain of the IL-3 receptor in cell signalling. Nat Commun 2018; 9:386. [PMID: 29374162 PMCID: PMC5785977 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor is a cell-surface heterodimer that links the haemopoietic, vascular and immune systems and is overexpressed in acute and chronic myeloid leukaemia progenitor cells. It belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family in which the α-subunits consist of two fibronectin III-like domains that bind cytokine, and a third, evolutionarily unrelated and topologically conserved, N-terminal domain (NTD) with unknown function. Here we show by crystallography that, while the NTD of IL3Rα is highly mobile in the presence of IL-3, it becomes surprisingly rigid in the presence of IL-3 K116W. Mutagenesis, biochemical and functional studies show that the NTD of IL3Rα regulates IL-3 binding and signalling and reveal an unexpected role in preventing spontaneous receptor dimerisation. Our work identifies a dual role for the NTD in this cytokine receptor family, protecting against inappropriate signalling and dynamically regulating cytokine receptor binding and function. The N-terminal domain (NTD) of interleukin-3 receptor α-subunit (IL3Rα) is involved in IL-3 recognition but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Here, the authors present crystal structures of the IL3Rα complex and provide biochemical evidence that the NTD regulates IL-3 binding and signalling complex assembly.
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133
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Simões ICM, Coimbra JTS, Neves RPP, Costa IPD, Ramos MJ, Fernandes PA. Properties that rank protein:protein docking poses with high accuracy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:20927-20942. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03888k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of docking algorithms to predict near-native structures of protein:protein complexes from the structure of the isolated monomers is of paramount importance for molecular biology and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês C. M. Simões
- UCIBIO
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
| | - João T. S. Coimbra
- UCIBIO
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
| | - Rui P. P. Neves
- UCIBIO
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
| | - Inês P. D. Costa
- UCIBIO
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
| | - Maria J. Ramos
- UCIBIO
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
| | - Pedro A. Fernandes
- UCIBIO
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
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135
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Stifter SA, Matthews AY, Mangan NE, Fung KY, Drew A, Tate MD, Soares da Costa TP, Hampsey D, Mayall J, Hansbro PM, Garcia Minambres A, Eid SG, Mak J, Scoble J, Lovrecz G, deWeerd NA, Hertzog PJ. Defining the distinct, intrinsic properties of the novel type I interferon, IFNϵ. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:3168-3179. [PMID: 29187603 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.800755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The type I interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines with diverse biological activities, including antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunoregulatory functions. The discovery of the hormonally regulated, constitutively expressed IFNϵ has suggested a function for IFNs in reproductive tract homeostasis and protection from infections, but its intrinsic activities are untested. We report here the expression, purification, and functional characterization of murine IFNϵ (mIFNϵ). Recombinant mIFNϵ (rmIFNϵ) exhibited an α-helical fold characteristic of type I IFNs and bound to IFNα/β receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2, but, unusually, it had a preference for IFNAR1. Nevertheless, rmIFNϵ induced typical type I IFN signaling activity, including STAT1 phosphorylation and activation of canonical type I IFN signaling reporters, demonstrating that it uses the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. We also found that rmIFNϵ induces the activation of T, B, and NK cells and exhibits antiviral, antiproliferative, and antibacterial activities typical of type I IFNs, albeit with 100-1000-fold reduced potency compared with rmIFNα1 and rmIFNβ. Surprisingly, although the type I IFNs generally do not display cross-species activities, rmIFNϵ exhibited high antiviral activity on human cells, suppressing HIV replication and inducing the expression of known HIV restriction factors in human lymphocytes. Our findings define the intrinsic properties of murine IFNϵ, indicating that it distinctly interacts with IFNAR and elicits pathogen-suppressing activity with a potency enabling host defense but with limited toxicity, appropriate for a protein expressed constitutively in a sensitive mucosal site, such as the reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A Stifter
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Antony Y Matthews
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Niamh E Mangan
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Ka Yee Fung
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Alexander Drew
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Michelle D Tate
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Tatiana P Soares da Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Daniel Hampsey
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia
| | - Jemma Mayall
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia
| | - Phil M Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia
| | - Albert Garcia Minambres
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.,Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria 3220 Australia
| | - Sahar G Eid
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.,Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria 3220 Australia
| | - Johnson Mak
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.,Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria 3220 Australia.,Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia, and
| | - Judy Scoble
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - George Lovrecz
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nicole A deWeerd
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Paul J Hertzog
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia, .,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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136
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IL-1 Family Cytokines Use Distinct Molecular Mechanisms to Signal through Their Shared Co-receptor. Immunity 2017; 47:510-523.e4. [PMID: 28930661 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Within the interleukin 1 (IL-1) cytokine family, IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP) is the co-receptor for eight receptor-cytokine pairs, including those involving cytokines IL-1β and IL-33. Unlike IL-1β, IL-33 does not have a signaling complex that includes both its cognate receptor, ST2, and the shared co-receptor IL-1RAcP, which we now present here. Although the IL-1β and IL-33 complexes shared structural features and engaged identical molecular surfaces of IL-1RAcP, these cytokines had starkly different strategies for co-receptor engagement and signal activation. Our data suggest that IL-1β binds to IL-1RI to properly present the cytokine to IL-1RAcP, whereas IL-33 binds to ST2 in order to conformationally constrain the cognate receptor in an IL-1RAcP-receptive state. These findings indicate that members of the IL-1 family of cytokines use distinct molecular mechanisms to signal through their shared co-receptor, and they provide the foundation from which to design new therapies to target IL-33 signaling.
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137
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Chen C, Zhu X, Xu W, Yang F, Zhang G, Wu L, Zheng Y, Gao Z, Xie C, Peng L. IFNA2 p.Ala120Thr impairs the inhibitory activity of Interferon-α2 against the hepatitis B virus through altering its binding to the receptor. Antiviral Res 2017; 147:11-18. [PMID: 28958921 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study found that a rare genetic mutation IFNA2p.Ala120Thr affects the structure of IFN-α2 and contributes to increased host susceptibility to CHB. However, the way in which the single amino acid residue mutation affects IFN-α2 activity is unclear. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of IFNA2p.Ala120Thr on IFN-α2 activity. METHODS Plasmid transfection of BL-21 was used to construct both wild type IFNA2 (wt) and p.Ala120Thr IFNA2 (mut) proteins. The HepG2-NTCP model was established using a lentiviral vector (LV003). Anti-HBV activity of wt and mut were tested on HepG2-NTCP infected cells with HBV, through the detection of HBsAg and HBcAg using immunohistochemistry and by detecting HBV DNA with RT PCR. IF and Co-IP were performed in order to investigate the binding of the IFNA2 protein and its receptor. The changes in IFNAR density and signal molecule phosphorylation were measured with western blotting. We used qPCR to further explore anti-HBV protein expression including APOBEC3, MxA, OAS1, and PKR. RESULTS Cell model experiments confirmed that IFNA2p.Ala120Thr impairs anti-HBV activity of IFN-α2. Co-IP tests indicated that the binding of mut-IFNα to IFNR was weaker in the mut-treated group. IFNR density on the cells surface increased after treatment with wt-IFN-α2. Obvious differences in the STAT phosphorylation profiles were seen between the mut-treated and wt-treated groups. The expression of four main kinds of anti-HBV proteins induced by mut was higher in the HepG2-NTCP cells. Thus, IFNA2p.Ala120Thr affects anti-HBV activity of IFN-α2. CONCLUSION IFNA2p.Ala120Thr impairs the anti-HBV ability of IFN-a2, mainly by reducing its binding to the IFN receptor. Mut IFN-a2 has a very weak binding, barely inducing STAT phosphorylation, and induces the expression of only a low level of related anti-HBV ISG. This is quite different from the effects of wt IFN-a2, implying that modifying the key structural position of IFNa may lead to the modulation of targeted gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuming Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxiong Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangji Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Genglin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyuan Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiliang Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chan Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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138
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Mendoza JL, Schneider WM, Hoffmann HH, Vercauteren K, Jude KM, Xiong A, Moraga I, Horton TM, Glenn JS, de Jong YP, Rice CM, Garcia KC. The IFN-λ-IFN-λR1-IL-10Rβ Complex Reveals Structural Features Underlying Type III IFN Functional Plasticity. Immunity 2017; 46:379-392. [PMID: 28329704 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Type III interferons (IFN-λs) signal through a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of the IFN-λR1 subunit, specific for IFN-λs, and interleukin-10Rβ (IL-10Rβ), which is shared by multiple cytokines in the IL-10 superfamily. Low affinity of IL-10Rβ for cytokines has impeded efforts aimed at crystallizing cytokine-receptor complexes. We used yeast surface display to engineer a higher-affinity IFN-λ variant, H11, which enabled crystallization of the ternary complex. The structure revealed that IL-10Rβ uses a network of tyrosine residues as hydrophobic anchor points to engage IL-10 family cytokines that present complementary hydrophobic binding patches, explaining its role as both a cross-reactive but cytokine-specific receptor. H11 elicited increased anti-proliferative and antiviral activities in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, engineered higher-affinity type I IFNs did not increase antiviral potency over wild-type type I IFNs. Our findings provide insight into cytokine recognition by the IL-10R family and highlight the plasticity of type III interferon signaling and its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan L Mendoza
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - William M Schneider
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hans-Heinrich Hoffmann
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Koen Vercauteren
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kevin M Jude
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anming Xiong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ignacio Moraga
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tim M Horton
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Glenn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ype P de Jong
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for the Study of Hepatitis C, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles M Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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139
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Miersch S, Kuruganti S, Walter MR, Sidhu SS. A panel of synthetic antibodies that selectively recognize and antagonize members of the interferon alpha family. Protein Eng Des Sel 2017; 30:697-704. [PMID: 28981904 PMCID: PMC5914384 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzx048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 12 distinct subtypes that comprise the interferon alpha (IFNα) family of cytokines possess anti-viral, anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory activities. They are implicated in the etiology and progression of many diseases, and also used as therapeutic agents for viral and oncologic disorders. However, a deeper understanding of their role in disease is limited by a lack of tools to evaluate single subtypes at the protein level. Antibodies that selectively inhibit single IFNα subtypes could enable interrogation of each protein in biological samples and could be used for characterization and treatment of disease. Using phage-displayed synthetic antibody libraries, we have conducted selections against 12 human IFNα subtypes to explore our ability to obtain fine-specificity antibodies that recognize and antagonize the biological signals induced by a single IFNα subtype. For the first time, we have isolated antibodies that specifically recognize individual IFNα subtypes (IFNα2a/b, IFNα6, IFNα8b and IFNα16) with high affinity that antagonize signaling. Our results show that highly specific antibodies capable of distinguishing between closely related cytokines can be isolated from synthetic libraries and can be used to characterize cytokine abundance and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Miersch
- The Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1L6
| | - S Kuruganti
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - M R Walter
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - S S Sidhu
- The Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1L6
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140
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Li H, Sharma N, General IJ, Schreiber G, Bahar I. Dynamic Modulation of Binding Affinity as a Mechanism for Regulating Interferon Signaling. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:2571-2589. [PMID: 28648616 PMCID: PMC5545807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
How structural dynamics affects cytokine signaling is under debate. Here, we investigated the dynamics of the type I interferon (IFN) receptor, IFNAR1, and its effect on signaling upon binding IFN and IFNAR2 using a combination of structure-based mechanistic studies, in situ binding, and gene induction assays. Our study reveals that IFNAR1 flexibility modulates ligand-binding affinity, which, in turn, regulates biological signaling. We identified the hinge sites and key interactions implicated in IFNAR1 inter-subdomain (SD1-SD4) movements. We showed that the predicted cooperative movements are essential to accommodate intermolecular interactions. Engineered disulfide bridges, computationally predicted to interfere with IFNAR1 dynamics, were experimentally confirmed. Notably, introducing disulfide bonds between subdomains SD2 and SD3 modulated IFN binding and activity in accordance with the relative attenuation of cooperative movements with varying distance from the hinge center, whereas locking the SD3-SD4 interface flexibility in favor of an extended conformer increased activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Li
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nanaocha Sharma
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ignacio J General
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; School of Science and Technology, and CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Martin, San Martin, Buenos Aires 1650, Argentina
| | - Gideon Schreiber
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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141
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Functional Selectivity in Cytokine Signaling Revealed Through a Pathogenic EPO Mutation. Cell 2017; 168:1053-1064.e15. [PMID: 28283061 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are classically thought to stimulate downstream signaling pathways through monotonic activation of receptors. We describe a severe anemia resulting from a homozygous mutation (R150Q) in the cytokine erythropoietin (EPO). Surprisingly, the EPO R150Q mutant shows only a mild reduction in affinity for its receptor but has altered binding kinetics. The EPO mutant is less effective at stimulating erythroid cell proliferation and differentiation, even at maximally potent concentrations. While the EPO mutant can stimulate effectors such as STAT5 to a similar extent as the wild-type ligand, there is reduced JAK2-mediated phosphorylation of select downstream targets. This impairment in downstream signaling mechanistically arises from altered receptor dimerization dynamics due to extracellular binding changes. These results demonstrate how variation in a single cytokine can lead to biased downstream signaling and can thereby cause human disease. Moreover, we have defined a distinct treatable form of anemia through mutation identification and functional studies.
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142
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Moraga I, Spangler JB, Mendoza JL, Gakovic M, Wehrman TS, Krutzik P, Garcia KC. Synthekines are surrogate cytokine and growth factor agonists that compel signaling through non-natural receptor dimers. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28498099 PMCID: PMC5429090 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine and growth-factor ligands typically signal through homo- or hetero-dimeric cell surface receptors via Janus Kinase (JAK/TYK), or Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK)-mediated trans-phosphorylation. However, the number of receptor dimer pairings occurring in nature is limited to those driven by natural ligands encoded within our genome. We have engineered synthethic cytokines (synthekines) that drive formation of cytokine receptor dimer pairings that are not formed by endogenous cytokines and that are not found in nature, and which activate distinct signaling programs. We show that a wide range of non-natural cytokine receptor hetero-dimers are competent to elicit a signaling output. We engineered synthekine ligands that assembled IL-2Rβ/IL-4Rα or IL-4Rα/IFNAR2 receptor heterodimers, that do not occur naturally, triggering signaling and functional responses distinct from those activated by the endogenous cytokines IL-2, IL-4, and IFN. Furthermore, hybrid synthekine ligands that dimerized a JAK/STAT cytokine receptor with a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) also elicited a signaling response. Synthekines represent a new family of synthetic ligands with pre-defined receptors, but 'orphan' functions, that enable the full combinatorial scope of dimeric signaling receptors encoded within the human genome to be exploited for basic research and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Moraga
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Jamie B Spangler
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Juan L Mendoza
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | - Milica Gakovic
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
| | | | | | - K Christopher Garcia
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States
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143
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Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-1) are cytokines that affect the expression of thousands of genes, resulting in profound cellular changes. IFN-1 activates the cell by dimerizing its two-receptor chains, IFNAR1 and IFNAR2, which are expressed on all nucleated cells. Despite a similar mode of binding, the different IFN-1s activate a spectrum of activities. The causes for differential activation may stem from differences in IFN-1-binding affinity, duration of binding, number of surface receptors, induction of feedbacks, and cell type-specific variations. All together these will alter the signal that is transmitted from the extracellular domain inward. The intracellular domain binds, directly or indirectly, different effector proteins that transmit signals. The composition of effector molecules deviates between different cell types and tissues, inserting an additional level of complexity to the system. Moreover, IFN-1s do not act on their own, and clearly there is much cross-talk between the activated effector molecules by IFN-1 and other cytokines. The outcome generated by all of these factors (processing step) is an observed phenotype, which can be the transformation of the cell to an antiviral state, differentiation of the cell to a specific immune cell, senescence, apoptosis, and many more. IFN-1 activities can be divided into robust and tunable. Antiviral activity, which is stimulated by minute amounts of IFN-1 and is common to all cells, is termed robust. The other activities, which we term tunable, are cell type-specific and often require more stringent modes of activation. In this review, I summarize the current knowledge on the mode of activation and processing that is initiated by IFN-1, in perspective of the resulting phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Schreiber
- From the Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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144
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Weiss E, Rautou PE, Fasseu M, Giabicani M, de Chambrun M, Wan J, Minsart C, Gustot T, Couvineau A, Maiwall R, Hurtado-Nedelec M, Pilard N, Lebrec D, Valla D, Durand F, de la Grange P, Monteiro RC, Paugam-Burtz C, Lotersztajn S, Moreau R. Type I interferon signaling in systemic immune cells from patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and its association with outcome. J Hepatol 2017; 66:930-941. [PMID: 28040548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In immune cells, constitutively and acutely produced type I interferons (IFNs) engage autocrine/paracrine signaling pathways to induce IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Enhanced activity of IFN signaling pathways can cause excessive inflammation and tissue damage. We aimed to investigate ISG expression in systemic immune cells from patients with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis, and its association with outcome. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients and heathy subjects were stimulated or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, an IFN inducer) or increasing concentrations of IFN-β. The expression of 48 ISGs and ten "non-ISG" inflammatory cytokines were analyzed using RT-qPCR. RESULTS We developed an 8-ISG signature (IFN score) assessing ISG expression. LPS-stimulated ISG induction was significantly lower in PBMCs from patients with cirrhosis compared to healthy controls. Non-ISGs, however, showed higher induction. Lower induction of ISGs by LPS was not due to decreased IFN production by cirrhotic PBMCs or neutralization of secreted IFN, but a defective PBMC response to IFN. This defect was at least in part due to decreased constitutive ISG expression. Patients with the higher baseline IFN scores and ISG levels had the higher risk of death. At baseline, "non-ISG" cytokines did not correlate with outcome. CONCLUSIONS PBMCs from patients with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis exhibit downregulated ISG expression, both constitutively and after an acute stimulus. Our finding that higher baseline PBMC ISG expression was associated with higher risk of death, suggests that constitutive ISG expression in systemic immune cells contributes to the prognosis of alcoholic cirrhosis. LAY SUMMARY Enhanced activity of IFN signaling pathways can cause excessive inflammation and tissue damage. Here we show that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with alcoholic cirrhosis exhibit a defect in interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). We found that higher baseline ISG expression in PBMCs was associated with higher risk of death, revealing a probable contribution of ISG expression in immune cells to the outcome of alcoholic cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Weiss
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, ComUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Département d'Anesthésie et Réanimation, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) UNITY, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France; INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Paris, France; UMR S_970, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Magali Fasseu
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mikhael Giabicani
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marc de Chambrun
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - JingHong Wan
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Minsart
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Gustot
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Gastroenterology, HepatoPancreatology and Digestive Oncology, C.U.B. Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alain Couvineau
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rakhi Maiwall
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Margarita Hurtado-Nedelec
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Pilard
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Didier Lebrec
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) UNITY, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - Dominique Valla
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) UNITY, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - François Durand
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) UNITY, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | | | - Renato C Monteiro
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, ComUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Paugam-Burtz
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Département d'Anesthésie et Réanimation, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - Sophie Lotersztajn
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, ComUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Richard Moreau
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Clichy and Paris, France; UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, ComUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) UNITY, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France.
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145
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Chuartzman SG, Nevo R, Waichman S, Shental D, Piehler J, Levy Y, Reich Z, Kapon R. Binding of interferon reduces the force of unfolding for interferon receptor 1. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175413. [PMID: 28403186 PMCID: PMC5389645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Differential signaling of the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) has been correlated with the ability of its subunit, IFNAR1, to differentially recognize a large spectrum of different ligands, which involves intricate conformational re-arrangements of multiple interacting domains. To shed light onto the structural determinants governing ligand recognition, we compared the force-induced unfolding of the IFNAR1 ectodomain when bound to interferon and when free, using the atomic force microscope and steered molecular dynamics simulations. Unexpectedly, we find that IFNAR1 is easier to mechanically unfold when bound to interferon than when free. Analysis of the structures indicated that the origin of the reduction in unfolding forces is a conformational change in IFNAR1 induced by ligand binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia G. Chuartzman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Reinat Nevo
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sharon Waichman
- Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Dalit Shental
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Yaakov Levy
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ziv Reich
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- * E-mail: (RK); (ZR)
| | - Ruti Kapon
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- * E-mail: (RK); (ZR)
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146
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Abstract
The human gut is in constant complex interaction with the external environment. Although much is understood about the composition and function of the microbiota, much remains to be learnt about the mechanisms by which these organisms interact with the immune system in health and disease. Type 1 interferon (T1IFN), a ubiquitous and pleiotropic family of cytokines, is a critical mediator of the response to viral, bacterial, and other antigens sampled in the intestine. Although inflammation is enhanced in mouse model of colitis when T1IFN signaling is lost, the action of T1IFN is context specific and can be pro- or anti-inflammatory. In humans, T1IFN has been used to treat inflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease but intestinal inflammation can also develop after the administration of T1IFN. Recent findings indicate that "tonic" or "endogenous" T1IFN, induced by signals from the commensal microbiota, modulates the local signaling environment to prime the intestinal mucosal immune system to determine later responses to pathogens and commensal organisms. This review will summarize the complex immunological effects of T1IFN and recent the role of T1IFN as a mediator between the microbiota and the mucosal immune system, highlighting human data wherever possible. It will discuss what we can learn from clinical experiences with T1IFN and how the T1IFN pathway may be manipulated in the future to maintain mucosal homeostasis.
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147
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de Weerd NA, Matthews AY, Pattie PR, Bourke NM, Lim SS, Vivian JP, Rossjohn J, Hertzog PJ. A hot spot on interferon α/β receptor subunit 1 (IFNAR1) underpins its interaction with interferon-β and dictates signaling. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:7554-7565. [PMID: 28289093 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.773788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of IFN-β with its receptor IFNAR1 (interferon α/β receptor subunit 1) is vital for host-protective anti-viral and anti-proliferative responses, but signaling via this interaction can be detrimental if dysregulated. Whereas it is established that IFNAR1 is an essential component of the IFNAR signaling complex, the key residues underpinning the IFN-β-IFNAR1 interaction are unknown. Guided by the crystal structure of the IFN-β-IFNAR1 complex, we used truncation variants and site-directed mutagenesis to investigate domains and residues enabling complexation of IFN-β to IFNAR1. We have identified an interface on IFNAR1-subdomain-3 that is differentially utilized by IFN-β and IFN-α for signal transduction. We used surface plasmon resonance and cell-based assays to investigate this important IFN-β binding interface that is centered on IFNAR1 residues Tyr240 and Tyr274 binding the C and N termini of the B and C helices of IFN-β, respectively. Using IFNAR1 and IFN-β variants, we show that this interface contributes significantly to the affinity of IFN-β for IFNAR1, its ability to activate STAT1, the expression of interferon stimulated genes, and ultimately to the anti-viral and anti-proliferative properties of IFN-β. These results identify a key interface created by IFNAR1 residues Tyr240 and Tyr274 interacting with IFN-β residues Phe63, Leu64, Glu77, Thr78, Val81, and Arg82 that underlie IFN-β-IFNAR1-mediated signaling and biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A de Weerd
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia, .,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Antony Y Matthews
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Phillip R Pattie
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Nollaig M Bourke
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - San S Lim
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Julian P Vivian
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, and
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, and.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Paul J Hertzog
- From the Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia, .,Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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148
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Makris S, Paulsen M, Johansson C. Type I Interferons as Regulators of Lung Inflammation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:259. [PMID: 28344581 PMCID: PMC5344902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune responses to lung infections must be tightly regulated in order to permit pathogen eradication while maintaining organ function. Exuberant or dysregulated inflammation can impair gas exchange and underlies many instances of lung disease. An important driver of inflammation in the lung is the interferon (IFN) response. Type I IFNs are antiviral cytokines that induce a large range of proteins that impair viral replication in infected cells. This cell-intrinsic action plays a crucial role in protecting the lungs from spread of respiratory viruses. However, type I IFNs have also recently been found to be central to the initiation of lung inflammatory responses, by inducing recruitment and activation of immune cells. This helps control virus burden but can cause detrimental immunopathology and contribute to disease severity. Furthermore, there is now increasing evidence that type I IFNs are not only induced after viral infections but also after infection with bacteria and fungi. The pro-inflammatory function of type I IFNs in the lung opens up the possibility of immune modulation directed against this antiviral cytokine family. In this review, the initiation and signaling of type I IFNs as well as their role in driving and maintaining lung inflammation will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Makris
- Section of Respiratory Infections, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Michelle Paulsen
- Section of Respiratory Infections, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Cecilia Johansson
- Section of Respiratory Infections, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London , UK
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149
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Kim AR, Ulirsch JC, Wilmes S, Unal E, Moraga I, Karakukcu M, Yuan D, Kazerounian S, Abdulhay NJ, King DS, Gupta N, Gabriel SB, Lander ES, Patiroglu T, Ozcan A, Ozdemir MA, Garcia KC, Piehler J, Gazda HT, Klein DE, Sankaran VG. Functional Selectivity in Cytokine Signaling Revealed Through a Pathogenic EPO Mutation. Cell 2017. [PMID: 28283061 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.02.026.functional] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are classically thought to stimulate downstream signaling pathways through monotonic activation of receptors. We describe a severe anemia resulting from a homozygous mutation (R150Q) in the cytokine erythropoietin (EPO). Surprisingly, the EPO R150Q mutant shows only a mild reduction in affinity for its receptor but has altered binding kinetics. The EPO mutant is less effective at stimulating erythroid cell proliferation and differentiation, even at maximally potent concentrations. While the EPO mutant can stimulate effectors such as STAT5 to a similar extent as the wild-type ligand, there is reduced JAK2-mediated phosphorylation of select downstream targets. This impairment in downstream signaling mechanistically arises from altered receptor dimerization dynamics due to extracellular binding changes. These results demonstrate how variation in a single cytokine can lead to biased downstream signaling and can thereby cause human disease. Moreover, we have defined a distinct treatable form of anemia through mutation identification and functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah Ram Kim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jacob C Ulirsch
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Stephan Wilmes
- Department of Biology, Division of Biophysics, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Ekrem Unal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Ignacio Moraga
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Musa Karakukcu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Daniel Yuan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shideh Kazerounian
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nour J Abdulhay
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David S King
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Namrata Gupta
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Eric S Lander
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Turkan Patiroglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Alper Ozcan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Ozdemir
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Department of Biology, Division of Biophysics, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Hanna T Gazda
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daryl E Klein
- Department of Pharmacology, Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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150
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Secombes CJ, Zou J. Evolution of Interferons and Interferon Receptors. Front Immunol 2017; 8:209. [PMID: 28303139 PMCID: PMC5332411 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The earliest jawed vertebrates (Gnathostomes) would likely have had interferon (IFN) genes, since they are present in extant cartilaginous fish (sharks and rays) and bony fish (lobe-finned and ray-finned fish, the latter consisting of the chondrostei, holostei, and teleostei), as well as in tetrapods. They are thought to have evolved from a class II helical cytokine ancestor, along with the interleukin (IL)-10 cytokine family. The two rounds of whole genome duplication (WGD) that occurred between invertebrates and vertebrates (1) may have given rise to additional loci, initially containing an IL-10 ancestor and IFN ancestor, which have duplicated further to give rise to the two loci containing the IL-10 family genes, and potentially the IFN type I and IFN type III loci (2). The timing of the divergence of the IFN type II gene from the IL-10 family genes is not clear but was also an early event in vertebrate evolution. Further WGD events at the base of the teleost fish, and in particular teleost lineages (cyprinids, salmonids), have duplicated the loci further, giving rise to additional IFN genes, with tandem gene duplication within a locus a common occurrence. Finally, retrotransposition events have occurred in different vertebrate lineages giving rise to further IFN loci, with large expansions of genes at these loci in some cases. This review will initially explore the likely IFN system present in the earliest Gnathostomes by comparison of the known cartilaginous fish genes with those present in mammals and will then explore the changes that have occurred in gene number/diversification, gene organization, and the encoded proteins during vertebrate evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , UK
| | - Jun Zou
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , UK
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