101
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Zhang Q, Shi Y, Liu S, Yang W, Chen H, Guo N, Sun W, Zhao Y, Ren Y, Ren Y, Jia L, Yang J, Yun Y, Chen G, Wang L, Wu C. EZH2/G9a interact to mediate drug resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer by regulating the SMAD4/ERK/c-Myc signaling axis. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113714. [PMID: 38306271 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is the leading problem in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy. The contribution of histone methylation in mediating malignant phenotypes of NSCLC is well known. However, the role of histone methylation in NSCLC drug-resistance mechanisms remains unclear. Here, our data show that EZH2 and G9a, two histone methyltransferases, are involved in the drug resistance of NSCLC. Gene manipulation results indicate that the combination of EZH2 and G9a promotes tumor growth and mediates drug resistance in a complementary manner. Importantly, clinical study demonstrates that co-expression of both enzymes predicts a poor outcome in patients with NSCLC. Mechanistically, G9a and EZH2 interact and promote the silencing of the tumor-suppressor gene SMAD4, activating the ERK/c-Myc signaling pathway. Finally, SU08, a compound targeting both EZH2 and G9a, is demonstrated to sensitize resistant cells to therapeutic drugs by regulating the SMAD4/ERK/c-Myc signaling axis. These findings uncover the resistance mechanism and a strategy for reversing NSCLC drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yajie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Weiming Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huiping Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ning Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wanyu Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yongshan Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuxiang Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yong Ren
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People's Liberation Army, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yi Yun
- Biobank Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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102
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Peripolli S, Meneguello L, Perrod C, Singh T, Patel H, Rahman ST, Kiso K, Thorpe P, Calvanese V, Bertoli C, de Bruin RAM. Oncogenic c-Myc induces replication stress by increasing cohesins chromatin occupancy in a CTCF-dependent manner. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1579. [PMID: 38383676 PMCID: PMC10881979 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45955-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-induced replication stress is a crucial driver of genomic instability and one of the key events contributing to the onset and evolution of cancer. Despite its critical role in cancer, the mechanisms that generate oncogene-induced replication stress remain not fully understood. Here, we report that an oncogenic c-Myc-dependent increase in cohesins on DNA contributes to the induction of replication stress. Accumulation of cohesins on chromatin is not sufficient to cause replication stress, but also requires cohesins to accumulate at specific sites in a CTCF-dependent manner. We propose that the increased accumulation of cohesins at CTCF site interferes with the progression of replication forks, contributing to oncogene-induced replication stress. This is different from, and independent of, previously suggested mechanisms of oncogene-induced replication stress. This, together with the reported protective role of cohesins in preventing replication stress-induced DNA damage, supports a double-edge involvement of cohesins in causing and tolerating oncogene-induced replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Peripolli
- Laboratory Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Leticia Meneguello
- Laboratory Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Chiara Perrod
- Laboratory Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Tanya Singh
- Laboratory Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | | | - Sazia T Rahman
- Laboratory Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Koshiro Kiso
- Laboratory Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Peter Thorpe
- Queen Mary University, Mile End Road, London, UK
| | - Vincenzo Calvanese
- Laboratory Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Cosetta Bertoli
- Laboratory Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK.
| | - Robertus A M de Bruin
- Laboratory Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK.
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK.
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103
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Ning JY, Zhang ZH, Zhang J, Liu YM, Li GC, Wang AM, Li Y, Shan X, Wang JH, Zhang X, Zhao Y. Ginsenoside Rg3 decreases breast cancer stem-like phenotypes through impairing MYC mRNA stability. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:601-615. [PMID: 38455405 PMCID: PMC10915333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are responsible for breast cancer metastasis, recurrence and treatment resistance, all of which make BCSCs potential drivers of breast cancer aggression. Ginsenoside Rg3, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, was reported to have multiple antitumor functions. Here, we revealed a novel effect of Rg3 on BCSCs. Rg3 inhibits breast cancer cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Importantly, Rg3 suppressed mammosphere formation, reduced the expression of stemness-related transcription factors, including c-Myc, Oct4, Sox2 and Lin28, and diminished ALDH(+) populations. Moreover, tumor-bearing mice treated with Rg3 exhibited robust delay of tumor growth and a decrease in tumor-initiating frequency. In addition, we found that Rg3 suppressed breast cancer stem-like properties mainly through inhibiting MYC expression. Mechanistically, Rg3 accelerated the degradation of MYC mRNA by enhancing the expression of the let-7 family, which was demonstrated to bind to the MYC 3' untranslated region (UTR). In conclusion, our findings reveal the remarkable suppressive effect of Rg3 on BCSCs, suggesting that Rg3 is a promising therapeutic treatment for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yue Ning
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Zi-Han Zhang
- Medical College of Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of NingxiangNingxiang 410600, Hunan, China
| | - Yong-Min Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Guan-Chu Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430000, China
| | - A-Man Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiu Shan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Ju-Hong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Cardiovascular HospitalDalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, Liaoning, China
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104
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Andreasson M, Donzel M, Abrahamsson A, Berner A, Doimo M, Quiroga A, Eriksson A, Chao YK, Overman J, Pemberton N, Wanrooij S, Chorell E. Exploring the Dispersion and Electrostatic Components in Arene-Arene Interactions between Ligands and G4 DNA to Develop G4-Ligands. J Med Chem 2024; 67:2202-2219. [PMID: 38241609 PMCID: PMC10860144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
G-Quadruplex (G4) DNA structures are important regulatory elements in central biological processes. Small molecules that selectively bind and stabilize G4 structures have therapeutic potential, and there are currently >1000 known G4 ligands. Despite this, only two G4 ligands ever made it to clinical trials. In this work, we synthesized several heterocyclic G4 ligands and studied their interactions with G4s (e.g., G4s from the c-MYC, c-KIT, and BCL-2 promoters) using biochemical assays. We further studied the effect of selected compounds on cell viability, the effect on the number of G4s in cells, and their pharmacokinetic properties. This identified potent G4 ligands with suitable properties and further revealed that the dispersion component in arene-arene interactions in combination with electron-deficient electrostatics is central for the ligand to bind with the G4 efficiently. The presented design strategy can be applied in the further development of G4-ligands with suitable properties to explore G4s as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Måns Andreasson
- Chemical
Biology Consortium Sweden, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maxime Donzel
- Chemical
Biology Consortium Sweden, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alva Abrahamsson
- Chemical
Biology Consortium Sweden, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andreas Berner
- Departments
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå 90736, Sweden
| | - Mara Doimo
- Departments
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå 90736, Sweden
- Clinical
Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children’s Health, Padua University, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Quiroga
- Departments
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå 90736, Sweden
| | - Anna Eriksson
- Chemical
Biology Consortium Sweden, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yu-Kai Chao
- Mechanistic
and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, U.K.
| | - Jeroen Overman
- Mechanistic
and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, U.K.
| | - Nils Pemberton
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology
(R&I), Bio Pharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-43183, Sweden
| | - Sjoerd Wanrooij
- Departments
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå 90736, Sweden
| | - Erik Chorell
- Chemical
Biology Consortium Sweden, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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105
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Raskova Kafkova L, Mierzwicka JM, Chakraborty P, Jakubec P, Fischer O, Skarda J, Maly P, Raska M. NSCLC: from tumorigenesis, immune checkpoint misuse to current and future targeted therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1342086. [PMID: 38384472 PMCID: PMC10879685 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is largely promoted by a multistep tumorigenesis process involving various genetic and epigenetic alterations, which essentially contribute to the high incidence of mortality among patients with NSCLC. Clinical observations revealed that NSCLC also co-opts a multifaceted immune checkpoint dysregulation as an important driving factor in NSCLC progression and development. For example, a deregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has been noticed in 50-70% of NSCLC cases, primarily modulated by mutations in key oncogenes such as ALK, EGFR, KRAS, and others. Additionally, genetic association studies containing patient-specific factors and local reimbursement criteria expose/reveal mutations in EGFR/ALK/ROS/BRAF/KRAS/PD-L1 proteins to determine the suitability of available immunotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Thus, the expression of such checkpoints on tumors and immune cells is pivotal in understanding the therapeutic efficacy and has been extensively studied for NSCLC treatments. Therefore, this review summarizes current knowledge in NSCLC tumorigenesis, focusing on its genetic and epigenetic intricacies, immune checkpoint dysregulation, and the evolving landscape of targeted therapies. In the context of current and future therapies, we emphasize the significance of antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 interactions as the primary therapeutic strategy for immune system reactivation in NSCLC. Other approaches involving the promising potential of nanobodies, probodies, affibodies, and DARPINs targeting immune checkpoints are also described; these are under active research or clinical trials to mediate immune regulation and reduce cancer progression. This comprehensive review underscores the multifaceted nature, current state and future directions of NSCLC research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona Raskova Kafkova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Joanna M. Mierzwicka
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Prosenjit Chakraborty
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Petr Jakubec
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Fischer
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jozef Skarda
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Petr Maly
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Milan Raska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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106
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Sperling AL, Glover DM. Aneuploidy during development in facultative parthenogenetic Drosophila. Heredity (Edinb) 2024; 132:89-97. [PMID: 38017115 PMCID: PMC10844303 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-023-00664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
From concatenated chromosomes to polyploidization, large-scale genome changes are known to occur in parthenogenetic animals. Here, we report mosaic aneuploidy in larval brains of facultatively parthenogenetic Drosophila. We identified a background of aneuploidy in D. mercatorum strains and found increased levels of aneuploidy in the larval brain tissue of animals arising parthenogenetically versus those arising from sexual reproduction. There is also intra-individual variation in germline-derived aneuploidy within the same strain. To determine if this is a general feature of facultative parthenogenesis in drosophilids, we compared sexually reproduced and parthenogenetic offspring from an engineered facultative parthenogenetic strain of D. melanogaster. In addition to germline-derived aneuploidy, this revealed somatic aneuploidy that increased by up to fourfold in parthenogens compared to sexually reproduced offspring. Therefore, the genetic combination identified in D. mercatorum that causes facultative parthenogenesis in D. melanogaster results in aneuploidy, which indicates that the loss of mitotic control resulting in parthenogenesis causes subsequent genome variation within the parthenogenetic offspring. Our findings challenge the assumption that parthenogenetic offspring are near genetic replicas of their mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Sperling
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - D M Glover
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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107
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Xiao Y, Liu R, Li N, Li Y, Huang X. Role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system on macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31180. [PMID: 38219045 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment, and their different polarization states play multiple roles in tumors by secreting cytokines, chemokines, and so on, which are closely related to tumor development. In addition, the enrichment of TAMs is often associated with poor prognosis of tumors. Thus, targeting TAMs is a potential tumor treatment strategy, in which therapeutic approaches such as reducing TAMs numbers, remodeling TAMs phenotypes, and altering their functions are being extensively investigated. Meanwhile, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), an important mechanism of protein hydrolysis in eukaryotic cells, participates in cellular processes by regulating the activity and stability of key proteins. Interestingly, UPS plays a dual role in the process of tumor development, and its role in TAMs deserve to be investigated in depth. This review builds on this foundation to further explore the multiple roles of UPS on TAMs and identifies a promising approach to treat tumors by targeting TAMs with UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xiao
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ruiqian Liu
- School of Future Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Future Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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108
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Wang R, Hussain A, Guo QQ, Jin XW, Wang MM. Oxygen and Iron Availability Shapes Metabolic Adaptations of Cancer Cells. World J Oncol 2024; 15:28-37. [PMID: 38274726 PMCID: PMC10807922 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The dynamic changes between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) output, along with glucose, glutamine, and fatty acid utilization, etc., lead to the maintenance and selection of growth advantageous to tumor cell subgroups in an environment of iron starvation and hypoxia. Iron plays an important role in the three major biochemical reactions in nature: photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, and oxidative respiration, which all require the participation of iron-sulfur proteins, such as ferredoxin, cytochrome b, and the complex I, II, III in the electron transport chain, respectively. Abnormal iron-sulfur cluster synthesis process or hypoxia will directly affect the function of mitochondrial electron transfer and mitochondrial OXPHOS. More research results have indicated that iron metabolism, oxygen availability and hypoxia-inducible factor mutually regulate the shift between glycolysis and OXPHOS. In this article, we make a perspective review to provide novel opinions of the regulation of glycolysis and OXPHOS in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Oncology, Suqian Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian City, China
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou City, China
| | - Aashiq Hussain
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - Quan Quan Guo
- Department of Oncology, Suqian Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian City, China
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou City, China
| | - Xiao Wei Jin
- Department of Oncology, Suqian Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian City, China
| | - Miao Miao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Suqian Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian City, China
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109
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Deutzmann A, Sullivan DK, Dhanasekaran R, Li W, Chen X, Tong L, Mahauad-Fernandez WD, Bell J, Mosley A, Koehler AN, Li Y, Felsher DW. Nuclear to cytoplasmic transport is a druggable dependency in MYC-driven hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:963. [PMID: 38302473 PMCID: PMC10834515 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45128-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The MYC oncogene is often dysregulated in human cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MYC is considered undruggable to date. Here, we comprehensively identify genes essential for survival of MYChigh but not MYClow cells by a CRISPR/Cas9 genome-wide screen in a MYC-conditional HCC model. Our screen uncovers novel MYC synthetic lethal (MYC-SL) interactions and identifies most MYC-SL genes described previously. In particular, the screen reveals nucleocytoplasmic transport to be a MYC-SL interaction. We show that the majority of MYC-SL nucleocytoplasmic transport genes are upregulated in MYChigh murine HCC and are associated with poor survival in HCC patients. Inhibiting Exportin-1 (XPO1) in vivo induces marked tumor regression in an autochthonous MYC-transgenic HCC model and inhibits tumor growth in HCC patient-derived xenografts. XPO1 expression is associated with poor prognosis only in HCC patients with high MYC activity. We infer that MYC may generally regulate and require altered expression of nucleocytoplasmic transport genes for tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Deutzmann
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Delaney K Sullivan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Renumathy Dhanasekaran
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20012, USA
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20012, USA
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ling Tong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - John Bell
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Adriane Mosley
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Angela N Koehler
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Yulin Li
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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110
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Lei X, Liao R, Chen X, Wang Z, Cao Q, Bai L, Ma C, Deng X, Ma Y, Wu X, Li J, Dai Z, Dong C. IMPA2 promotes basal-like breast cancer aggressiveness by a MYC-mediated positive feedback loop. Cancer Lett 2024; 582:216527. [PMID: 38048842 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is the most aggressive subtype with poor prognosis; however, the mechanisms underlying aggressiveness in BLBC remain poorly understood. In this study, we showed that in contrast to other subtypes, inositol monophosphatase 2 (IMPA2) was dramatically increased in BLBC. Mechanistically, IMPA2 expression was upregulated due to copy number amplification, hypomethylation of IMPA2 promoter and MYC-mediated transcriptional activation. IMPA2 promoted MI-PI cycle and IP3 production, and IP3 then elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration, leading to efficient activation of NFAT1. In turn, NFAT1 up-regulated MYC expression, thereby fulfilling a positive feedback loop that enhanced aggressiveness of BLBC cells. Knockdown of IMPA2 expression caused the inhibition of tumorigenicity and metastasis of BLBC cells in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, high IMPA2 expression was strongly correlated with large tumor size, high grade, metastasis and poor survival, indicating poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. These findings suggest that IMPA2-mediated MI-PI cycle allows crosstalk between metabolic and oncogenic pathways to promote BLBC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Lei
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ruocen Liao
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Cancer Center, Affiliated People's Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianhua Cao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Longchang Bai
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chenglong Ma
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinyue Deng
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yihua Ma
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xuebiao Wu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Gannan Medical University, Gannan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Chenfang Dong
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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111
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Gou P, Zhang W. Protein lysine acetyltransferase CBP/p300: A promising target for small molecules in cancer treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116130. [PMID: 38215693 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
CBP and p300 are homologous proteins exhibiting remarkable structural and functional similarity. Both proteins function as acetyltransferase and coactivator, underscoring their significant roles in cellular processes. The function of histone acetyltransferases is to facilitate the release of DNA from nucleosomes and act as transcriptional co-activators to promote gene transcription. Transcription factors recruit CBP/p300 by co-condensation and induce transcriptional bursting. Disruption of CBP or p300 functions is associated with different diseases, especially cancer, which can result from either loss of function or gain of function. CBP and p300 are multidomain proteins containing HAT (histone acetyltransferase) and BRD (bromodomain) domains, which perform acetyltransferase activity and maintenance of HAT signaling, respectively. Inhibitors targeting HAT and BRD have been explored for decades, and some BRD inhibitors have been evaluated in clinical trials for treating hematologic malignancies or advanced solid tumors. Here, we review the development and application of CBP/p300 inhibitors. Several inhibitors have been evaluated in vivo, exhibiting notable potency but limited selectivity. Exploring these inhibitors emphasizes the promise of targeting CBP and p300 with small molecules in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panhong Gou
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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112
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Zhang D, Zhao F, Liu H, Guo P, Li Z, Li S. FABP6 serves as a new therapeutic target in esophageal tumor. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:1640-1662. [PMID: 38277205 PMCID: PMC10866426 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with high incidence and mortality rates. Despite the continuous development of treatment options, the prognosis for esophageal cancer patients remains poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new diagnostic and therapeutic targets in clinical practice to improve the survival of patients with esophageal cancer. METHODS In this study, we conducted a comprehensive scRNA-seq analysis of the tumor microenvironment in primary esophageal tumors to elucidate cell composition and heterogeneity. Using Seurat, we identified eight clusters, encompassing non-immune cells (fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells) and immunocytes (myeloid-derived cells, T cells, B cells, and plasma cells). Compared to normal tissues, tumors exhibited an increased proportion of epithelial cells and alterations in immune cell infiltration. Analysis of epithelial cells revealed a cluster (cluster 0) with a high differentiation score and early distribution, suggesting its importance as a precursor cell. RESULTS Cluster 0 was characterized by high expression of FABP6, indicating a potential role in fatty acid metabolism and tumor growth. T cell analysis revealed shifts in the balance between Treg and CD8+ effector T cells in tumor tissues. Cellular communication analysis identified increased interactions between FABP6+ tumor cells and T cells, with the involvement of the MIF-related pathway and the CD74-CD44 interaction. This study provides insights into the cellular landscape and immune interactions within esophageal tumors, contributing to a better understanding of tumor heterogeneity and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Fangchao Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010031, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Zhirong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
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113
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Mathew M, Nguyen NT, Bhutia YD, Sivaprakasam S, Ganapathy V. Metabolic Signature of Warburg Effect in Cancer: An Effective and Obligatory Interplay between Nutrient Transporters and Catabolic/Anabolic Pathways to Promote Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:504. [PMID: 38339256 PMCID: PMC10854907 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells, originally observed by Warburg 100 years ago, which involves the production of lactate as the end product of glucose breakdown even in the presence of adequate oxygen, is the foundation for the current interest in the cancer-cell-specific reprograming of metabolic pathways. The renewed interest in cancer cell metabolism has now gone well beyond the original Warburg effect related to glycolysis to other metabolic pathways that include amino acid metabolism, one-carbon metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, nucleotide synthesis, antioxidant machinery, etc. Since glucose and amino acids constitute the primary nutrients that fuel the altered metabolic pathways in cancer cells, the transporters that mediate the transfer of these nutrients and their metabolites not only across the plasma membrane but also across the mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes have become an integral component of the expansion of the Warburg effect. In this review, we focus on the interplay between these transporters and metabolic pathways that facilitates metabolic reprogramming, which has become a hallmark of cancer cells. The beneficial outcome of this recent understanding of the unique metabolic signature surrounding the Warburg effect is the identification of novel drug targets for the development of a new generation of therapeutics to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vadivel Ganapathy
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (M.M.); (N.T.N.); (Y.D.B.); (S.S.)
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114
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Schütz S, Bergsdorf C, Hänni-Holzinger S, Lingel A, Renatus M, Gossert AD, Jahnke W. Intrinsically Disordered Regions in the Transcription Factor MYC:MAX Modulate DNA Binding via Intramolecular Interactions. Biochemistry 2024. [PMID: 38264995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) transcription factor (TF) MYC is in large part an intrinsically disordered oncoprotein. In complex with its obligate heterodimerization partner MAX, MYC preferentially binds E-Box DNA sequences (CANNTG). At promoters containing these sequence motifs, MYC controls fundamental cellular processes such as cell cycle progression, metabolism, and apoptosis. A vast network of proteins in turn regulates MYC function via intermolecular interactions. In this work, we establish another layer of MYC regulation by intramolecular interactions. We used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to identify and map multiple binding sites for the C-terminal MYC:MAX DNA-binding domain (DBD) on the intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in the MYC N-terminus. We find that these binding events in trans are driven by electrostatic attraction, that they have distinct affinities, and that they are competitive with DNA binding. Thereby, we observe the strongest effects for the N-terminal MYC box 0 (Mb0), a conserved motif involved in MYC transactivation and target gene induction. We prepared recombinant full-length MYC:MAX complex and demonstrate that the interactions identified in this work are also relevant in cis, i.e., as intramolecular interactions. These findings are supported by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments, which revealed that intramolecular IDR:DBD interactions in MYC decelerate the association of MYC:MAX complexes to DNA. Our work offers new insights into how bHLH-LZ TFs are regulated by intramolecular interactions, which open up new possibilities for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schütz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Bergsdorf
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Hänni-Holzinger
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Lingel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Renatus
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Wolfgang Jahnke
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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115
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Gao J, Liang C, Yin J, Bai Y, Hu D. Discovery of Palbociclib as a potent c-Myc G4 stabilizer for lung cancer treatment using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and in vitro activity evaluation. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-023-10789-2. [PMID: 38246949 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in lung cancer treatment, this disease remains a prevalent and serious global malignancy, leading to high rates of illness and death. Urgent research is needed to discover new or alternative therapies that can improve clinical outcomes for lung cancer patients. In our study, we successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of Palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, in suppressing the growth of lung cancer cells. The IC50 values obtained were 11.00 μM and 11.74 μM for H1299 and A549 cells, respectively. Furthermore, our findings indicate that Palbociclib may possess strong c-Myc G4 stabilizing properties by significantly reducing both protein and mRNA expression levels of c-Myc. Additionally, Palbociclib induces apoptosis and causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in two cells. Through circular dichroism (CD), molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, we have provided evidence that Palbociclib enhances the structural stability of c-Myc G4 while exhibiting a high binding affinity to its ligand's binding site on c-Myc G4. These results suggest that Palbociclib holds promise as a novel c-Myc G4 stabilizer for treating cancers associated with abnormal c-Myc activity; further optimization and development are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Jiacheng Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Bai
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Dong Hu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.
- Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety of Anhui Higher Education Institute, Huainan, 232001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
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Li Q, Guo H, Xu J, Li X, Wang D, Guo Y, Qing G, Van Vlierberghe P, Liu H. A helicase-independent role of DHX15 promotes MYC stability and acute leukemia cell survival. iScience 2024; 27:108571. [PMID: 38161423 PMCID: PMC10755364 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
DHX15 has been implicated in RNA splicing and ribosome biogenesis, primarily functioning as an RNA helicase. To systematically assess the cellular role of DHX15, we conducted proteomic analysis to investigate the landscape of DHX15 interactome, and identified MYC as a binding partner. DHX15 co-localizes with MYC in cells and directly interacts with MYC in vitro. Importantly, DHX15 contributes to MYC protein stability at the post-translational level and independent of its RNA binding capacity. Mechanistic investigation reveals that DHX15 interferes the interaction between MYC and FBXW7, thereby preventing MYC polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. Consequently, the abrogation of DHX15 drastically inhibits MYC-mediated transcriptional output. While DHX15 depletion blocks T cell development and leukemia cell survival as we recently reported, overexpression of MYC significantly rescues the phenotypic defects. These findings shed light on the essential role of DHX15 in mammalian cells and suggest that maintaining sufficient MYC expression is a significant contributor to DHX15-mediated cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Xinlu Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Guoliang Qing
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | | | - Hudan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
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117
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Deshpande R, Li W, Li T, Fanning KV, Clemens Z, Nyunoya T, Zhang L, Deslouches B, Barchowsky A, Wenzel S, McDyer JF, Zou C. SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Protein Orf7b Induces Lung Injury via c-Myc Mediated Apoptosis and Ferroptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1157. [PMID: 38256231 PMCID: PMC10816122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the foremost modern global public health challenge. The airway is the primary target in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, with substantial cell death and lung injury being signature hallmarks of exposure. The viral factors that contribute to cell death and lung injury remain incompletely understood. Thus, this study investigated the role of open reading frame 7b (Orf7b), an accessory protein of the virus, in causing lung injury. In screening viral proteins, we identified Orf7b as one of the major viral factors that mediates lung epithelial cell death. Overexpression of Orf7b leads to apoptosis and ferroptosis in lung epithelial cells, and inhibitors of apoptosis and ferroptosis ablate Orf7b-induced cell death. Orf7b upregulates the transcription regulator, c-Myc, which is integral in the activation of lung cell death pathways. Depletion of c-Myc alleviates both apoptotic and ferroptotic cell deaths and lung injury in mouse models. Our study suggests a major role of Orf7b in the cell death and lung injury attributable to COVID-19 exposure, supporting it as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushikesh Deshpande
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (B.D.); (A.B.); (S.W.)
| | - Wangyang Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (K.V.F.); (T.N.); (L.Z.); (J.F.M.)
| | - Tiao Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (K.V.F.); (T.N.); (L.Z.); (J.F.M.)
| | - Kristen V. Fanning
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (K.V.F.); (T.N.); (L.Z.); (J.F.M.)
| | - Zachary Clemens
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (B.D.); (A.B.); (S.W.)
| | - Toru Nyunoya
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (K.V.F.); (T.N.); (L.Z.); (J.F.M.)
| | - Lianghui Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (K.V.F.); (T.N.); (L.Z.); (J.F.M.)
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (B.D.); (A.B.); (S.W.)
| | - Aaron Barchowsky
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (B.D.); (A.B.); (S.W.)
| | - Sally Wenzel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (B.D.); (A.B.); (S.W.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (K.V.F.); (T.N.); (L.Z.); (J.F.M.)
| | - John F. McDyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (K.V.F.); (T.N.); (L.Z.); (J.F.M.)
| | - Chunbin Zou
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (B.D.); (A.B.); (S.W.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA (K.V.F.); (T.N.); (L.Z.); (J.F.M.)
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118
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Li Z, Huang Y, Hung TI, Sun J, Aispuro D, Chen B, Guevara N, Ji F, Cong X, Zhu L, Wang S, Guo Z, Chang CE, Xue M. MYC-Targeting Inhibitors Generated from a Stereodiversified Bicyclic Peptide Library. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1356-1363. [PMID: 38170904 PMCID: PMC10797614 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Here, we present the second generation of our bicyclic peptide library (NTB), featuring a stereodiversified structure and a simplified construction strategy. We utilized a tandem ring-opening metathesis and ring-closing metathesis reaction (ROM-RCM) to cyclize the linear peptide library in a single step, representing the first reported instance of this reaction being applied to the preparation of macrocyclic peptides. Moreover, the resulting bicyclic peptide can be easily linearized for MS/MS sequencing with a one-step deallylation process. We employed this library to screen against the E363-R378 epitope of MYC and identified several MYC-targeting bicyclic peptides. Subsequent in vitro cell studies demonstrated that one candidate, NT-B2R, effectively suppressed MYC transcription activities and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghan Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yi Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Ta I Hung
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jianan Sun
- Environmental
Toxicology Graduate Program, University
of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Desiree Aispuro
- Environmental
Toxicology Graduate Program, University
of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Boxi Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Nathan Guevara
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Fei Ji
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Xu Cong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Lingchao Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Siwen Wang
- Environmental
Toxicology Graduate Program, University
of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Zhili Guo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Chia-en Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Environmental
Toxicology Graduate Program, University
of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Min Xue
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Environmental
Toxicology Graduate Program, University
of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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119
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Ding X, Shi MX, Liu D, Cao JX, Zhang KX, Zhang RD, Zhang LP, Ai KX, Su B, Zhang J. Transformation to small cell lung cancer is irrespective of EGFR and accelerated by SMAD4-mediated ASCL1 transcription independently of RB1 in non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:45. [PMID: 38233864 PMCID: PMC10795321 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01260-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Histological transformation to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been identified as a mechanism of TKIs resistance in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aim to explore the prevalence of transformation in EGFR-wildtype NSCLC and the mechanism of SCLC transformation, which are rarely understood. METHODS We reviewed 1474 NSCLC patients to investigate the NSCLC-to-SCLC transformed cases and the basic clinical characteristics, driver gene status and disease course of them. To explore the potential functional genes in SCLC transformation, we obtained pre- and post-transformation specimens and subjected them to a multigene NGS panel involving 416 cancer-related genes. To validate the putative gene function, we established knocked-out models by CRISPR-Cas 9 in HCC827 and A549-TP53-/- cells and investigated the effects on tumor growth, drug sensitivity and neuroendocrine phenotype in vitro and in vivo. We also detected the expression level of protein and mRNA to explore the molecular mechanism involved. RESULTS We firstly reported an incidence rate of 9.73% (11/113) of SCLC transformation in EGFR-wildtype NSCLC and demonstrated that SCLC transformation is irrespective of EGFR mutation status (P = 0.16). We sequenced 8 paired tumors and identified a series of mutant genes specially in transformed SCLC such as SMAD4, RICTOR and RET. We firstly demonstrated that SMAD4 deficiency can accelerate SCLC transition by inducing neuroendocrine phenotype regardless of RB1 status in TP53-deficient NSCLC cells. Further mechanical experiments identified the SMAD4 can regulate ASCL1 transcription competitively with Myc in NSCLC cells and Myc inhibitor acts as a potential subsequent treatment agent. CONCLUSIONS Transformation to SCLC is irrespective of EFGR status and can be accelerated by SMAD4 in non-small cell lung cancer. Myc inhibitor acts as a potential therapeutic drug for SMAD4-mediated resistant lung cancer. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Ding
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Min-Xing Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jing-Xue Cao
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kai-Xuan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Run-Dong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kai-Xing Ai
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Bo Su
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Katopodi T, Petanidis S, Anestakis D, Charalampidis C, Chatziprodromidou I, Floros G, Eskitzis P, Zarogoulidis P, Koulouris C, Sevva C, Papadopoulos K, Dagher M, Karakousis VA, Varsamis N, Theodorou V, Mystakidou CM, Vlassopoulos K, Kosmidis S, Katsios NI, Farmakis K, Kosmidis C. Tumor cell metabolic reprogramming and hypoxic immunosuppression: driving carcinogenesis to metastatic colonization. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1325360. [PMID: 38292487 PMCID: PMC10824957 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1325360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A significant factor in the antitumor immune response is the increased metabolic reprogramming of immunological and malignant cells. Increasing data points to the fact that cancer metabolism affects not just cancer signaling, which is essential for maintaining carcinogenesis and survival, but also the expression of immune cells and immune-related factors such as lactate, PGE2, arginine, IDO, which regulate the antitumor immune signaling mechanism. In reality, this energetic interaction between the immune system and the tumor results in metabolic competition in the tumor ecosystem, limiting the amount of nutrients available and causing microenvironmental acidosis, which impairs the ability of immune cells to operate. More intriguingly, different types of immune cells use metabolic reprogramming to keep the body and self in a state of homeostasis. The process of immune cell proliferation, differentiation, and performance of effector functions, which is crucial to the immune response, are currently being linked to metabolic reprogramming. Here, we cover the regulation of the antitumor immune response by metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells and immune cells as well as potential strategies for metabolic pathway targeting in the context of anticancer immunotherapy. We also discuss prospective immunotherapy-metabolic intervention combinations that might be utilized to maximize the effectiveness of current immunotherapy regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Katopodi
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Biology and Genetics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Savvas Petanidis
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Biology and Genetics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Pulmonology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Doxakis Anestakis
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | | | - George Floros
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | | | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- Third Department of Surgery, “AHEPA” University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charilaos Koulouris
- Third Department of Surgery, “AHEPA” University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Sevva
- Third Department of Surgery, “AHEPA” University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Papadopoulos
- Third Department of Surgery, “AHEPA” University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Marios Dagher
- Third Department of Surgery, “AHEPA” University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Varsamis
- Department of Surgery, Interbalkan Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Theodorou
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrysi Maria Mystakidou
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Vlassopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stylianos Kosmidis
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | - Konstantinos Farmakis
- Pediatric Surgery Clinic, General Hospital of Thessaloniki “G. Gennimatas”, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christoforos Kosmidis
- Third Department of Surgery, “AHEPA” University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Chen X, Li H. Bruceine D and Narclasine inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells and the prediction of potential drug targets. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297203. [PMID: 38215156 PMCID: PMC10786365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most common female malignancies. This study explored the underlying mechanism through which the two plant compounds (Brucaine D and Narclasine) inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Brucaine D and Narclasine on breast cancer development and their potential drug targets. METHODS GSE85871 dataset containing 212 samples and the hallmark gene set "h.all.v2023.1.Hs.symbols.gmt" were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB) database, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to classify clusters showing similar gene expression pattern. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to calculate the hallmark score for different drug treatment groups. The expressions of genes related to angiogenesis, glycolysis and cell cycle were detected. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed to study the interaction of the hub genes. Then, HERB database was employed to identify potential target genes for Narclasine and Bruceine D. Finally, in vitro experiments were conducted to validate partial drug-target pair. RESULTS PCA analysis showed that the significant changes in gene expression patterns took place in 6 drugs treatment groups (Narciclasine, Bruceine D, Japonicone A, 1beta-hydroxyalatolactone, Britanin, and four mixture drugs) in comparison to the remaining drug treatment groups. The ssGSEA pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that Narciclasine and Bruceine treatments had similar enriched pathways, for instance, suppressed pathways related to angiogenesis, Glycolysis, and cell cycle, etc.. Further gene expression analysis confirmed that Narciclasine and Bruceine had a strong ability to inhibit these cell cycle genes, and that MYC, CHEK2, MELK, CDK4 and EZH2 were closely interacted with each other in the PPI analysis. Drug target prediction revealed that Androgen Receptor (AR) and Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) were the targets for Bruceine D, and Cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme (CYP3A4) was the target for Narciclasine. Cell experiments also confirmed the connections between Narciclasine and CYP3A4. CONCLUSION The present study uncovered that Narciclasine and Bruceine D could inhibit the growth of breast cancer and also predicted the potential targets for these two drugs, providing a new therapeutic direction for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Wu C, Tan J, Shen H, Deng C, Kleber C, Osterhoff G, Schopow N. Exploring the relationship between metabolism and immune microenvironment in osteosarcoma based on metabolic pathways. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:4. [PMID: 38212768 PMCID: PMC10785352 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-00999-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic remodeling and changes in tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in osteosarcoma are important factors affecting prognosis and treatment. However, the relationship between metabolism and TIME needs to be further explored. METHODS RNA-Seq data and clinical information of 84 patients with osteosarcoma from the TARGET database and an independent cohort from the GEO database were included in this study. The activity of seven metabolic super-pathways and immune infiltration levels were inferred in osteosarcoma patients. Metabolism-related genes (MRGs) were identified and different metabolic clusters and MRG-related gene clusters were identified using unsupervised clustering. Then the TIME differences between the different clusters were compared. In addition, an MRGs-based risk model was constructed and the role of a key risk gene, ST3GAL4, in osteosarcoma cells was explored using molecular biological experiments. RESULTS This study revealed four key metabolic pathways in osteosarcoma, with vitamin and cofactor metabolism being the most relevant to prognosis and to TIME. Two metabolic pathway-related clusters (C1 and C2) were identified, with some differences in immune activating cell infiltration between the two clusters, and C2 was more likely to respond to two chemotherapeutic agents than C1. Three MRG-related gene clusters (GC1-3) were also identified, with significant differences in prognosis among the three clusters. GC2 and GC3 had higher immune cell infiltration than GC1. GC3 is most likely to respond to immune checkpoint blockade and to three commonly used clinical drugs. A metabolism-related risk model was developed and validated. The risk model has strong prognostic predictive power and the low-risk group has a higher level of immune infiltration than the high-risk group. Knockdown of ST3GAL4 significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion and glycolysis of osteosarcoma cells and inhibited the M2 polarization of macrophages. CONCLUSION The metabolism of vitamins and cofactors is an important prognostic regulator of TIME in osteosarcoma, MRG-related gene clusters can well reflect changes in osteosarcoma TIME and predict chemotherapy and immunotherapy response. The metabolism-related risk model may serve as a useful prognostic predictor. ST3GAL4 plays a critical role in the progression, glycolysis, and TIME of osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwu Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Hong Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Christian Kleber
- Sarcoma Center, Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Osterhoff
- Sarcoma Center, Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nikolas Schopow
- Sarcoma Center, Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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123
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Rai S, Roy G, Hajam YA. Melatonin: a modulator in metabolic rewiring in T-cell malignancies. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1248339. [PMID: 38260850 PMCID: PMC10800968 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1248339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) an indoleamine exerts multifaced effects and regulates numerous cellular pathways and molecular targets associated with circadian rhythm, immune modulation, and seasonal reproduction including metabolic rewiring during T cell malignancy. T-cell malignancies encompass a group of hematological cancers characterized by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of malignant T-cells. These cancer cells exhibit a distinct metabolic adaptation, a hallmark of cancer in general, as they rewire their metabolic pathways to meet the heightened energy requirements and biosynthesis necessary for malignancies is the Warburg effect, characterized by a shift towards glycolysis, even when oxygen is available. In addition, T-cell malignancies cause metabolic shift by inhibiting the enzyme pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase (PDK) which in turn results in increased acetyl CoA enzyme production and cellular glycolytic activity. Further, melatonin plays a modulatory role in the expression of essential transporters (Glut1, Glut2) responsible for nutrient uptake and metabolic rewiring, such as glucose and amino acid transporters in T-cells. This modulation significantly impacts the metabolic profile of T-cells, consequently affecting their differentiation. Furthermore, melatonin has been found to regulate the expression of critical signaling molecules involved in T-cell activations, such as CD38, and CD69. These molecules are integral to T-cell adhesion, signaling, and activation. This review aims to provide insights into the mechanism of melatonin's anticancer properties concerning metabolic rewiring during T-cell malignancy. The present review encompasses the involvement of oncogenic factors, the tumor microenvironment and metabolic alteration, hallmarks, metabolic reprogramming, and the anti-oncogenic/oncostatic impact of melatonin on various cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Rai
- Department of Zoology Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Gunja Roy
- Department of Zoology Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Younis Ahmad Hajam
- Department of Life Sciences and Allied Health Sciences, Sant Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, India
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124
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Panja S, Truica MI, Yu CY, Saggurthi V, Craige MW, Whitehead K, Tuiche MV, Al-Saadi A, Vyas R, Ganesan S, Gohel S, Coffman F, Parrott JS, Quan S, Jha S, Kim I, Schaeffer E, Kothari V, Abdulkadir SA, Mitrofanova A. Mechanism-centric regulatory network identifies NME2 and MYC programs as markers of Enzalutamide resistance in CRPC. Nat Commun 2024; 15:352. [PMID: 38191557 PMCID: PMC10774320 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous response to Enzalutamide, a second-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitor, is a central problem in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) management. Genome-wide systems investigation of mechanisms that govern Enzalutamide resistance promise to elucidate markers of heterogeneous treatment response and salvage therapies for CRPC patients. Focusing on the de novo role of MYC as a marker of Enzalutamide resistance, here we reconstruct a CRPC-specific mechanism-centric regulatory network, connecting molecular pathways with their upstream transcriptional regulatory programs. Mining this network with signatures of Enzalutamide response identifies NME2 as an upstream regulatory partner of MYC in CRPC and demonstrates that NME2-MYC increased activities can predict patients at risk of resistance to Enzalutamide, independent of co-variates. Furthermore, our experimental investigations demonstrate that targeting MYC and its partner NME2 is beneficial in Enzalutamide-resistant conditions and could provide an effective strategy for patients at risk of Enzalutamide resistance and/or for patients who failed Enzalutamide treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Panja
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
| | - Mihai Ioan Truica
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Christina Y Yu
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
| | - Vamshi Saggurthi
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
| | - Michael W Craige
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
| | - Katie Whitehead
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
| | - Mayra V Tuiche
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
- Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, 07039, USA
| | - Aymen Al-Saadi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers School of Engineering, New Brunswick, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Riddhi Vyas
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Suril Gohel
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
| | - Frederick Coffman
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
| | - James S Parrott
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA
| | - Songhua Quan
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Shantenu Jha
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers School of Engineering, New Brunswick, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Isaac Kim
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Heaven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Edward Schaeffer
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Vishal Kothari
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Sarki A Abdulkadir
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Antonina Mitrofanova
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, 07107, USA.
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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Xiao M, Wang F, Chen N, Zhang H, Cao J, Yu Y, Zhao B, Ji J, Xu P, Li L, Shen L, Lin X, Feng XH. Smad4 sequestered in SFPQ condensates prevents TGF-β tumor-suppressive signaling. Dev Cell 2024; 59:48-63.e8. [PMID: 38103553 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Loss of TGF-β growth-inhibitory responses is a hallmark of human cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the TGF-β resistance of cancer cells remain to be fully elucidated. Splicing factor proline- and glutamine-rich (SFPQ) is a prion-like RNA-binding protein that is frequently upregulated in human cancers. In this study, we identified SFPQ as a potent suppressor of TGF-β signaling. The ability of SFPQ to suppress TGF-β responses depends on its prion-like domain (PrLD) that drives liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Mechanistically, SFPQ physically restrained Smad4 in its condensates, which excluded Smad4 from the Smad complex and chromatin occupancy and thus functionally dampened Smad-dependent transcriptional responses. Accordingly, SFPQ deficiency or loss of phase separation activities rendered human cells hypersensitive to TGF-β responses. Together, our data identify an important function of SFPQ through LLPS that suppresses Smad transcriptional activation and TGF-β tumor-suppressive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Xiao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Nuo Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Hanchenxi Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jin Cao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yi Yu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Junfang Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Pinglong Xu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lei Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Li Shen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
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Cherkaoui S, Yang L, McBride M, Turn CS, Lu W, Eigenmann C, Allen GE, Panasenko OO, Zhang L, Vu A, Liu K, Li Y, Gandhi OH, Surrey L, Wierer M, White E, Rabinowitz JD, Hogarty MD, Morscher RJ. Reprogramming neuroblastoma by diet-enhanced polyamine depletion. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.07.573662. [PMID: 38260457 PMCID: PMC10802427 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.07.573662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a highly lethal childhood tumor derived from differentiation-arrested neural crest cells1,2. Like all cancers, its growth is fueled by metabolites obtained from either circulation or local biosynthesis3,4. Neuroblastomas depend on local polyamine biosynthesis, with the inhibitor difluoromethylornithine showing clinical activity5. Here we show that such inhibition can be augmented by dietary restriction of upstream amino acid substrates, leading to disruption of oncogenic protein translation, tumor differentiation, and profound survival gains in the TH-MYCN mouse model. Specifically, an arginine/proline-free diet decreases the polyamine precursor ornithine and augments tumor polyamine depletion by difluoromethylornithine. This polyamine depletion causes ribosome stalling, unexpectedly specifically at adenosine-ending codons. Such codons are selectively enriched in cell cycle genes and low in neuronal differentiation genes. Thus, impaired translation of these codons, induced by the diet-drug combination, favors a pro-differentiation proteome. These results suggest that the genes of specific cellular programs have evolved hallmark codon usage preferences that enable coherent translational rewiring in response to metabolic stresses, and that this process can be targeted to activate differentiation of pediatric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cherkaoui
- Pediatric Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich and Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lifeng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Matthew McBride
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Christina S. Turn
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wenyun Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Caroline Eigenmann
- Pediatric Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich and Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George E. Allen
- Bioinformatics Support Platform, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva 1211, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Genomics Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olesya O. Panasenko
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Genomics Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- BioCode: RNA to proteins (R2P) Platform, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lu Zhang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Annette Vu
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kangning Liu
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yimei Li
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Om H. Gandhi
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lea Surrey
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael Wierer
- Proteomics Research Infrastructure, Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3B, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eileen White
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Joshua D. Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Michael D. Hogarty
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raphael J. Morscher
- Pediatric Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich and Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Str. 1, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Modica R, Liccardi A, Minotta R, Cannavale G, Benevento E, Colao A. Current understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2024; 19:49-61. [PMID: 37936421 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2279540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the fact that important advances in research on neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) have been made, consistent data about their pathogenetic mechanism are still lacking. Furthermore, different primary sites may recognize different pathogenetic mechanisms. AREAS COVERED This review analyzes the possible biological and molecular mechanisms that may lead to NEN onset and progression in different organs. Through extensive research of the literature, risk factors including hypercholesterolemia, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic atrophic gastritis are evaluated as potential pathogenetic mechanisms. Consistent evidence is available regarding sporadic gastric NENs and MEN1 related duodenopancreatic NENs precursor lesions, and genetic-epigenetic mutations may play a pivotal role in tumor development and bone metastases onset. In lung neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), diffuse proliferation of neuroendocrine cells on the bronchial wall (DIPNECH) has been proposed as a premalignant lesion, while in lung neuroendocrine carcinoma nicotine and smoke could be responsible for carcinogenic processes. Also, rare primary NENs such as thymic (T-NENs) and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) have been analyzed, finding different possible pathogenetic mechanisms. EXPERT OPINION New technologies in genomics and epigenomics are bringing new light to the pathogenetic landscape of NENs, but further studies are needed to improve both prevention and treatment in these heterogeneous neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Modica
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessia Liccardi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Minotta
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cannavale
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elio Benevento
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Napoli, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Napoli, Italy
- UNESCO Chair "Education for Health and Sustainable Development, " Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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128
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Wolpaw AJ, Dang CV. Pathways Involved in the Effect of Eflornithine in Neuroblastoma. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:116-119. [PMID: 37883720 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.01783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Wolpaw
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Chi V Dang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY
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129
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Wang T, Qian L, Zhang P, Du M, Wu J, Peng F, Yao C, Yin R, Yin L, He X. GINS2 promotes the progression of human HNSCC by altering RRM2 expression. Cancer Biomark 2024; 40:171-184. [PMID: 38517779 PMCID: PMC11307040 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION GINS2 exerts a carcinogenic effect in multiple human malignancies, while it is still unclear that the potential roles and underlying mechanisms of GINS2 in HNSCC. METHODS TCGA database was used to screen out genes with significant differences in expression in HNSCC. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to measure the expression of GINS2 in HNSCC tissues and cells. GINS2 was detected by qRT-PCR or western blot after knockdown or overexpression. Celigo cell counting, MTT, colony formation, and flow cytometric assay were used to check the ability of proliferation and apoptosis. Bioinformatics and microarray were used to screen out the downstream genes of GINS2. RESULTS GINS2 in HNSCC tissues and cells was up-regulated, which was correlated with poor prognosis. GINS2 gene expression was successfully inhibited and overexpressed in HNSCC cells. Knockdown of GINS2 could inhibit proliferation and increase apoptosis of cells. Meanwhile, overexpression of GINS2 could enhance cell proliferation and colony formation. Knockdown of RRM2 may inhibit HNSCC cell proliferation, while overexpression of RRM2 rescued the effect of reducing GINS2 expression. CONCLUSION Our study reported the role of GINS2 in HNSCC for the first time. The results demonstrated that in HNSCC cells, GINS2 promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis via altering RRM2 expression. Therefore, GINS2 might play a carcinogen in HNSCC, and become a specific promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Luxi Qian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingchuan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyu Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fanyu Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengyun Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Yousefi B, Sadoughi F, Asemi Z, Mansournia MA, Hallajzadeh J. Novel Perspectives for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gynecological Cancers using Dysregulation of PIWI Protein and PiRNAs as Biomarkers. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:453-463. [PMID: 36786140 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230214101837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The term "gynecological cancer" is used for a group of cancers occurring in the female reproductive system. Some of these cancers are ranked as the leading causes of death in developed and developing countries. The lack of proper diagnostic strategies is one of the most important reasons that make them lethal. PIWI-interacting RNAs or piRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs, which contain 24-32 nucleotides. These RNAs take part in some cellular mechanisms, and their role in diverse kinds of cancer is confirmed by accumulative evidence. In this review, we gather some information on the roles of these RNAs and members of the PIWI protein family to provide new insight into accurate diagnostic biomarkers and more effective anti-cancer drugs with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Hallajzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
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131
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Hofstetter J, Ogunleye A, Kutschke A, Buchholz LM, Wolf E, Raabe T, Gallant P. Spt5 interacts genetically with Myc and is limiting for brain tumor growth in Drosophila. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302130. [PMID: 37935464 PMCID: PMC10629571 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor SPT5 physically interacts with MYC oncoproteins and is essential for efficient transcriptional activation of MYC targets in cultured cells. Here, we use Drosophila to address the relevance of this interaction in a living organism. Spt5 displays moderate synergy with Myc in fast proliferating young imaginal disc cells. During later development, Spt5-knockdown has no detectable consequences on its own, but strongly enhances eye defects caused by Myc overexpression. Similarly, Spt5-knockdown in larval type 2 neuroblasts has only mild effects on brain development and survival of control flies, but dramatically shrinks the volumes of experimentally induced neuroblast tumors and significantly extends the lifespan of tumor-bearing animals. This beneficial effect is still observed when Spt5 is knocked down systemically and after tumor initiation, highlighting SPT5 as a potential drug target in human oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hofstetter
- https://ror.org/00fbnyb24 Cancer Systems Biology Group, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ayoola Ogunleye
- https://ror.org/00fbnyb24 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - André Kutschke
- https://ror.org/00fbnyb24 Cancer Systems Biology Group, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Marie Buchholz
- https://ror.org/00fbnyb24 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elmar Wolf
- https://ror.org/00fbnyb24 Cancer Systems Biology Group, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Raabe
- https://ror.org/00fbnyb24 Molecular Genetics, Biocenter, Am Hubland, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Gallant
- https://ror.org/00fbnyb24 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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132
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Zhang C, Pan G, Qin JJ. Role of F-box proteins in human upper gastrointestinal tumors. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189035. [PMID: 38049014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination and degradation is an essential physiological process in almost all organisms. As the key participants in this process, the E3 ubiquitin ligases have been widely studied and recognized. F-box proteins, a crucial component of E3 ubiquitin ligases that regulates diverse biological functions, including cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis by facilitating the degradation of substrate proteins. Currently, there is an increasing focus on studying the role of F-box proteins in cancer. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the significant contributions of F-box proteins to the development of upper gastrointestinal tumors, highlighting their dual roles as both carcinogens and tumor suppressors. We delve into the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of F-box proteins in upper gastrointestinal tumors, exploring their interactions with specific substrates and their cross-talks with other key signaling pathways. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of F-box proteins in radiotherapy resistance in the upper gastrointestinal tract, emphasizing their potential as clinical therapeutic and prognostic targets. Overall, this review provides an up-to-date understanding of the intricate involvement of F-box proteins in human upper gastrointestinal tumors, offering valuable insights for the identification of prognostic markers and the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Zhang
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guangzhao Pan
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310022, China.
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133
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Zhang Y, Yu R, Zhao C, Liang J, Zhang Y, Su H, Zhao J, Wu H, Xu S, Zhang Z, Wang L, Zou X, Zhu Y, Zhang S, Lv Y. CAFs Homologous Biomimetic Liposome Bearing BET Inhibitor and Pirfenidone Synergistically Promoting Antitumor Efficacy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305279. [PMID: 37968249 PMCID: PMC10767438 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BRD4 is a member of the BET protein family involved in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. Several BET inhibitors (BETi) have entered clinical trials, demonstrating potential in inducing cancer cell apoptosis and tumor regression. However, resistance to BETi is common in solid tumors. In pancreatic cancer, it is found that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment reduce the BET inhibitor JQ1 sensitivity by inducing BRD4 expression. Moreover, CAFs play a crucial role in the formation of a dense stromal barrier. Therefore, targeting CAFs in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer not only enhances cancer cells sensitivity to JQ1 but also increases drug perfusion and improves oxygen supply, thus reducing glycolysis and limiting energy supply. To address this challenge, a homologous targeting mechanism utilizing activated fibroblast membrane-coated liposomes is proposed for specific drug precise target to CAFs-rich pancreatic cancer. Additionally, TAT peptides enable liposomes penetration, delivering PFD for targeted anti-fibrotic therapy, reducing extracellular matrix generation and glycolysis, and enhancing JQ1 delivery and sensitivity. In conclusion, the findings indicate the tremendous potential of this CAFs-targeting liposomal delivery system in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Ranran Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Liang
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Haochen Su
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Shijin Xu
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Ziying Zhang
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Department of PharmacyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalDrum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Nanjing Medical Center for Clinical PharmacyNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
- Institute of PancreatologyNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province210008P. R. China
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134
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Min KW, Jo MH, Song M, Lee JW, Shim MJ, Kim K, Park HB, Ha S, Mun H, Polash A, Hafner M, Cho JH, Kim D, Jeong JH, Ko S, Hohng S, Kang SU, Yoon JH. Mature microRNA-binding protein QKI promotes microRNA-mediated gene silencing. RNA Biol 2024; 21:1-15. [PMID: 38372062 PMCID: PMC10878027 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2314846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Although Argonaute (AGO) proteins have been the focus of microRNA (miRNA) studies, we observed AGO-free mature miRNAs directly interacting with RNA-binding proteins, implying the sophisticated nature of fine-tuning gene regulation by miRNAs. To investigate microRNA-binding proteins (miRBPs) globally, we analyzed PAR-CLIP data sets to identify RBP quaking (QKI) as a novel miRBP for let-7b. Potential existence of AGO-free miRNAs were further verified by measuring miRNA levels in genetically engineered AGO-depleted human and mouse cells. We have shown that QKI regulates miRNA-mediated gene silencing at multiple steps, and collectively serves as an auxiliary factor empowering AGO2/let-7b-mediated gene silencing. Depletion of QKI decreases interaction of AGO2 with let-7b and target mRNA, consequently controlling target mRNA decay. This finding indicates that QKI is a complementary factor in miRNA-mediated mRNA decay. QKI, however, also suppresses the dissociation of let-7b from AGO2, and slows the assembly of AGO2/miRNA/target mRNA complexes at the single-molecule level. We also revealed that QKI overexpression suppresses cMYC expression at post-transcriptional level, and decreases proliferation and migration of HeLa cells, demonstrating that QKI is a tumour suppressor gene by in part augmenting let-7b activity. Our data show that QKI is a new type of RBP implicated in the versatile regulation of miRNA-mediated gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Won Min
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hyun Jo
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Song
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Shim
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Kim
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Bong Park
- Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinwon Ha
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Hyejin Mun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Ahsan Polash
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Markus Hafner
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Jung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Dongsan Kim
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ji-Hoon Jeong
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungbeom Ko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Sungchul Hohng
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ung Kang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Je-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, USA
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Lopina OD, Sidorenko SV, Fedorov DA, Klimanova EA. G-Quadruplexes as Sensors of Intracellular Na+/K + Ratio: Potential Role in Regulation of Transcription and Translation. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:S262-S277. [PMID: 38621755 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924140153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Data on the structure of G-quadruplexes, noncanonical nucleic acid forms, supporting an idea of their potential participation in regulation of gene expression in response to the change in intracellular Na+i/K+i ratio are considered in the review. Structural variety of G-quadruplexes, role of monovalent cations in formation of this structure, and thermodynamic stability of G-quadruplexes are described. Data on the methods of their identification in the cells and biological functions of these structures are presented. Analysis of information about specific interactions of G-quadruplexes with some proteins was conducted, and their potential participation in the development of some pathological conditions, in particular, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, is considered. Special attention is given to the plausible role of G-quadruplexes as sensors of intracellular Na+i/K+i ratio, because alteration of this parameter affects folding of G-quadruplexes changing their stability and, thereby, organization of the regulatory elements of nucleic acids. The data presented in the conclusion section demonstrate significant change in the expression of some early response genes under certain physiological conditions of cells and tissues depending on the intracellular Na+i/K+i ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga D Lopina
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
| | | | - Dmitry A Fedorov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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Long Q, Xiang M, Xiao L, Wang J, Guan X, Liu J, Liao C. The Biological Significance of AFF4: Promoting Transcription Elongation, Osteogenic Differentiation and Tumor Progression. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1403-1412. [PMID: 37815186 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073241079230920082056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
As a member of the AF4/FMR2 (AFF) family, AFF4 is a scaffold protein in the superelongation complex (SEC). In this mini-view, we discuss the role of AFF4 as a transcription elongation factor that mediates HIV activation and replication and stem cell osteogenic differentiation. AFF4 also promotes the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, leukemia, breast cancer, bladder cancer and other malignant tumors. The biological function of AFF4 is largely achieved through SEC assembly, regulates SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2), MYC, estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1), inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1), c-Jun and noncanonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription and combines with fusion in sarcoma (FUS), unique regulatory cyclins (CycT1), or mixed lineage leukemia (MLL). We explore the prospects of using AFF4 as a therapeutic in Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and malignant tumors and its potential as a stemness regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Long
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Mingli Xiang
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Linlin Xiao
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guan
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Chengcheng Liao
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
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137
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Xiong M, Hu JJ, Yao ML, Song TT, Zhao L, Mou BQ, Qian YX, Zheng MJ, Dong YJ, Wang HY, Zou J, Yang H. Single-cell sequencing of head and neck carcinoma: Transcriptional landscape and prognostic model based on malignant epithelial cell features. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23354. [PMID: 38085162 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301287rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies for HNSCC requires a profound understanding of tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, HNSCC has a poor prognosis, necessitating the use of genetic markers for predicting clinical outcomes in HNSCC. In this study, we performed single-cell sequencing analysis on tumor tissues from seven HNSCC patients, along with one adjacent normal tissue. Firstly, the analysis of epithelial cell clusters revealed two clusters of malignant epithelial cells, characterized by unique gene expression patterns and dysregulated signaling pathways compared to normal epithelial cells. Secondly, the examination of the TME unveiled extensive crosstalk between fibroblasts and malignant epithelial cells, potentially mediated through ligand-receptor interactions such as COL1A1-SDC1, COL1A1-CD44, and COL1A2-SDC1. Furthermore, transcriptional heterogeneity was observed in immune cells present in the TME, including macrophages and dendritic cells. Finally, leveraging the gene expression profiles of malignant epithelial cells, we developed a prognostic model comprising six genes, which we validated using two independent datasets. These findings shed light on the heterogeneity within HNSCC tumors and the intricate interplay between malignant cells and the TME. Importantly, the developed prognostic model demonstrates high efficacy in predicting the survival outcomes of HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xiong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Juan-Juan Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Lin Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting-Ting Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Bi-Qin Mou
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying-Xue Qian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Jun Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Jun Dong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yang Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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Liu S, Qin Z, Mao Y, Wang N, Zhang W, Wang Y, Chen Y, Jia L, Peng X. Pharmacological inhibition of MYC to mitigate chemoresistance in preclinical models of squamous cell carcinoma. Theranostics 2024; 14:622-639. [PMID: 38169606 PMCID: PMC10758066 DOI: 10.7150/thno.88759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for late-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, resistance to cisplatin has become a major obstacle for effective therapy. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are critical for tumor initiation, growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance. How to effectively eliminate CSCs and overcome chemoresistance remains a key challenge. Herein, we confirmed that MYC plays critical roles in chemoresistance, and explored targeting MYC to overcome cisplatin resistance in preclinical models. Methods: The roles of MYC in HNSCC cisplatin resistance and cancer stemness were tested in vitro and in vivo. The combined therapeutic efficiency of MYC targeting using the small molecule MYC inhibitor MYCi975 and cisplatin was assessed in a 4‑nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced model and in a patient-derived xenograft model. Results: MYC was highly-expressed in cisplatin-resistant HNSCC. Targeting MYC using MYCi975 eliminated CSCs, prevented metastasis, and overcame cisplatin resistance. MYCi975 also induced tumor cell-intrinsic immune responses, and promoted CD8+ T cell infiltration. Mechanistically, MYCi975 induced the DNA damage response and activated the cGAS-STING-IRF3 signaling pathway to increase CD8+ T cell-recruiting chemokines. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that targeting MYC might eliminate CSCs, prevent metastasis, and activate antitumor immunity to overcome cisplatin resistance in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lingfei Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China. National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China. National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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139
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Chavdoula E, Anastas V, La Ferlita A, Aldana J, Carota G, Spampinato M, Soysal B, Cosentini I, Parashar S, Sircar A, Nigita G, Sehgal L, Freitas MA, Tsichlis PN. Transcriptional regulation of amino acid metabolism by KDM2B, in the context of ncPRC1.1 and in concert with MYC and ATF4. Metabolism 2024; 150:155719. [PMID: 37935302 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION KDM2B encodes a JmjC domain-containing histone lysine demethylase, which functions as an oncogene in several types of tumors, including TNBC. This study was initiated to address the cancer relevance of the results of our earlier work, which had shown that overexpression of KDM2B renders mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) resistant to oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant mechanisms. METHODS We mainly employed a multi-omics strategy consisting of RNA-Seq, quantitative TMT proteomics, Mass-spectrometry-based global metabolomics, ATAC-Seq and ChIP-seq, to explore the role of KDM2B in the resistance to oxidative stress and intermediary metabolism. These data and data from existing patient datasets were analyzed using bioinformatic tools, including exon-intron-split analysis (EISA), FLUFF and clustering analyses. The main genetic strategy we employed was gene silencing with shRNAs. ROS were measured by flow cytometry, following staining with CellROX and various metabolites were measured with biochemical assays, using commercially available kits. Gene expression was monitored with qRT-PCR and immunoblotting, as indicated. RESULTS The knockdown of KDM2B in basal-like breast cancer cell lines lowers the levels of GSH and sensitizes the cells to ROS inducers, GSH targeting molecules, and DUB inhibitors. To address the mechanism of GSH regulation, we knocked down KDM2B in MDA-MB-231 cells and we examined the effects of the knockdown, using a multi-omics strategy. The results showed that KDM2B, functioning in the context of ncPRC1.1, regulates a network of epigenetic and transcription factors, which control a host of metabolic enzymes, including those involved in the SGOC, glutamate, and GSH metabolism. They also showed that KDM2B enhances the chromatin accessibility and expression of MYC and ATF4, and that it binds in concert with MYC and ATF4, the promoters of a large number of transcriptionally active genes, including many, encoding metabolic enzymes. Additionally, MYC and ATF4 binding sites were enriched in genes whose accessibility depends on KDM2B, and analysis of a cohort of TNBCs expressing high or low levels of KDM2B, but similar levels of MYC and ATF4 identified a subset of MYC targets, whose expression correlates with the expression of KDM2B. Further analyses of basal-like TNBCs in the same cohort, revealed that tumors expressing high levels of all three regulators exhibit a distinct metabolic signature that carries a poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The present study links KDM2B, ATF4, and MYC in a transcriptional network that regulates the expression of multiple metabolic enzymes, including those that control the interconnected SGOC, glutamate, and GSH metabolic pathways. The co-occupancy of the promoters of many transcriptionally active genes, by all three factors, the enrichment of MYC binding sites in genes whose chromatin accessibility depends on KDM2B, and the correlation of the levels of KDM2B with the expression of a subset of MYC target genes in tumors that express similar levels of MYC, suggest that KDM2B regulates both the expression and the transcriptional activity of MYC. Importantly, the concerted expression of all three factors also defines a distinct metabolic subset of TNBCs with poor prognosis. Overall, this study identifies novel mechanisms of SGOC regulation, suggests novel KDM2B-dependent metabolic vulnerabilities in TNBC, and provides new insights into the role of KDM2B in the epigenetic regulation of transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Chavdoula
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - Vollter Anastas
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States; Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Program in Genetics, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alessandro La Ferlita
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Julian Aldana
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Giuseppe Carota
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Mariarita Spampinato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Burak Soysal
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ilaria Cosentini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Bioinformatics Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sameer Parashar
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Anuvrat Sircar
- The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States; Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Giovanni Nigita
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Lalit Sehgal
- The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States; Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Michael A Freitas
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Philip N Tsichlis
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States.
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Pla-López A, Carda M, Falomir E. Tetrazole derivatives as potent immunomodulatory agents in tumor microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115668. [PMID: 37976894 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-seven compounds bearing a tetrazole ring as a central unit have been designed, synthetized and biologically evaluated. Studies have been performed in order to compare the effect of tetrazole derivatives bearing amine electron-donor or nitro electron-acceptor groups. The antiproliferative activity has been determined in monoculture studies on tumor cell lines HT-29, A-549, MCF-7 and on non-tumor cell line HEK-293 as well as in co-culture studies (HT-29/THP-1). All the compounds have been studied as PD-L1 (Programmed Death Ligand 1), VEGFR-2 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 2), CD-47 (Cluster of Differentiation 47) and c-Myc inhibitors. The effect on TNF-α secretion has also been determined. Bromoderivatives 23, 24 and chloroderivatives 26, 27 have demonstrated an apoptotic effect on HT-29 cancer cells. Compounds bearing an amine group have shown very promising effects as TME immunomodulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Pla-López
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Department, University Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Miguel Carda
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Department, University Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Eva Falomir
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Department, University Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain.
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141
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Oketch DJA, Giulietti M, Piva F. Copy Number Variations in Pancreatic Cancer: From Biological Significance to Clinical Utility. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:391. [PMID: 38203561 PMCID: PMC10779192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer, characterized by high tumor heterogeneity and a poor prognosis. Inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity in PDAC is a major obstacle to effective PDAC treatment; therefore, it is highly desirable to explore the tumor heterogeneity and underlying mechanisms for the improvement of PDAC prognosis. Gene copy number variations (CNVs) are increasingly recognized as a common and heritable source of inter-individual variation in genomic sequence. In this review, we outline the origin, main characteristics, and pathological aspects of CNVs. We then describe the occurrence of CNVs in PDAC, including those that have been clearly shown to have a pathogenic role, and further highlight some key examples of their involvement in tumor development and progression. The ability to efficiently identify and analyze CNVs in tumor samples is important to support translational research and foster precision oncology, as copy number variants can be utilized to guide clinical decisions. We provide insights into understanding the CNV landscapes and the role of both somatic and germline CNVs in PDAC, which could lead to significant advances in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Although there has been significant progress in this field, understanding the full contribution of CNVs to the genetic basis of PDAC will require further research, with more accurate CNV assays such as single-cell techniques and larger cohorts than have been performed to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matteo Giulietti
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piva
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Liang JW, Gao ZC, Yang LL, Zhang W, Chen MZ, Meng FH. Development of Acridone Derivatives: Targeting c-MYC Transcription in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with Inhibitory Potential. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:11. [PMID: 38275631 PMCID: PMC10812579 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, especially the aggressive triple-negative subtype, poses a serious health threat to women. Unfortunately, effective targets are lacking, leading to a grim prognosis. Research highlights the crucial role of c-MYC overexpression in this form of cancer. Current inhibitors targeting c-MYC focus on stabilizing its G-quadruplex (G4) structure in the promoter region. They can inhibit the expression of c-MYC, which is highly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and then regulate the apoptosis of breast cancer cells induced by intracellular ROS. However, the clinical prospects for the application of such inhibitors are not promising. In this research, we designed and synthesized 29 acridone derivatives. These compounds were assessed for their impact on intracellular ROS levels and cell activity, followed by comprehensive QSAR analysis and molecular docking. Compound N8 stood out, significantly increasing ROS levels and demonstrating potent anti-tumor activity in the TNBC cell line, with excellent selectivity shown in the docking results. This study suggests that acridone derivatives could stabilize the c-MYC G4 structure. Among these compounds, the small molecule N8 shows promising effects and deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wei Liang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China; (J.-W.L.); (Z.-C.G.); (L.-L.Y.); (W.Z.)
- School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Gao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China; (J.-W.L.); (Z.-C.G.); (L.-L.Y.); (W.Z.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110044, China
| | - Lu-Lu Yang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China; (J.-W.L.); (Z.-C.G.); (L.-L.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China; (J.-W.L.); (Z.-C.G.); (L.-L.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Ming-Zhe Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China; (J.-W.L.); (Z.-C.G.); (L.-L.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Fan-Hao Meng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China; (J.-W.L.); (Z.-C.G.); (L.-L.Y.); (W.Z.)
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Xia T, Wang B, Sun L. The nucleolar protein NIFK accelerates the progression of colorectal cancer via activating MYC pathway. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 88:26-36. [PMID: 37950567 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the function of nucleolar protein interacting with the FHA domain of MKI67 (NIFK) on colorectal cancer (CRC) and its associated molecular mechanisms. NIFK was upregulated in CRC tissues and cells. NIFK silencing resulted in reduced cell growth and metastasis, as well as in promoted apoptosis in CRC cells. Moreover, NIFK silencing was also confirmed to inhibit lipid accumulation and decrease fatty acid synthesis via downregulating lipogenic enzymes in CRC cells. Gene set enrichment analysis and western blot co-verified that NIFK silencing inhibited MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor (MYC) pathway in CRC cells. In addition, we also revealed that NIFK silencing function on cell growth, apoptosis, metastasis, and fatty acid metabolism in CRC might be cancelled after c-MYC overexpression. Silencing NIFK could inhibit cell growth and metastasis, and promoted apoptosis, as well as regulated fatty acid metabolism by inhibiting MYC pathway in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xia
- Oncology Department, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Oncology Department, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Lingling Sun
- Oncology Department, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
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Bao H, Peng Z, Cheng X, Jian C, Li X, Shi Y, Zhu W, Hu Y, Jiang M, Song J, Fang F, Chen J, Shu X. GABA induced by sleep deprivation promotes the proliferation and migration of colon tumors through miR-223-3p endogenous pathway and exosome pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:344. [PMID: 38105184 PMCID: PMC10726571 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02921-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has indicated that long-term sleep deprivation can lead to immune dysfunction and participate in the occurance and progression of tumors. However, the relationship between sleep deprivation and colon cancer remains unclear. This study explored the specific mechanism through which sleep deprivation promotes the proliferation and migration of colon cancer, with a focus on the neurotransmitter GABA. METHODS Chronic sleep deprivation mice model were used to investigate the effect of sleep disorder on tumors. We detected neurotransmitter levels in the peripheral blood of mice using ELISA. CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay were performed to investigate the effect of GABA on colon cancer cells, while immunofluorescence showed the distribution of macrophages in lung metastatic tissues. We isolated exosomes from a GABA-induced culture medium to explore the effects of GABA-induced colon cancer cells on macrophages. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments, luciferase report analysis, immunohistochemistry, and cytokine detection were performed to reveal the crosstalk between colon cancer cells and macrophages. RESULTS Sleep deprivation promote peripheral blood GABA level and colon cancer cell proliferation and migration. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that GABA-induced colon cancer metastasis is associated with enhanced recruitment of macrophages in the lungs. The co-culture results showed that GABA intensified M2 polarization of macrophage induced by colon cancer cells. This effect is due to the activation of the macrophage MAPK pathway by tumor-derived exosomal miR-223-3p. Furthermore, M2-like macrophages promote tumor proliferation and migration by secreting IL-17. We also identified an endogenous miR-223-3p downregulation of the E3 ligase CBLB, which enhances the stability of cMYC protein and augments colon cancer cells proliferation and migration ability. Notably, cMYC acts as a transcription factor and can also regulate the expression of miR-223-3p. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that sleep deprivation can promote the expression of miR-223-3p in colon cancer cells through GABA, leading to downregulation of the E3 ligase CBLB and inhibition of cMYC ubiquitination. Simultaneously, extracellular miR-223-3p promotes M2-like macrophage polarization, which leads to the secretion of IL-17, further enhancing the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Bao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuojie Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Xukai Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenxing Jian
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
| | - Xianguo Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhong Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Mi Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Feifei Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhuang Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaogang Shu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, , Jiefang Road No,1277, Hubei, 430022, Wuhan, China.
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145
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Bhowmick S, Roy K, Saha A. Structure-guided screening of protein-protein interaction for the identification of Myc-Max heterodimer complex modulators. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-19. [PMID: 38109131 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2294174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
De-regulation of oncogenic myelocytomatosis (c-Myc or Myc) transcription factor is one of the most common molecular anomalies encountered in human cancers, and it is typically linked to many aggressive malignancies including breast, lung, cervix, colon glioblastomas, and other haematological organs. The Myc belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix zipper protein family (bHLH-ZIP), and its dimerization with another principal interactor protein partner Myc-associated factor X (Max) is essentially required for cellular transformation, cell growth and proliferation, and transcriptional activation. Intermolecular interactions have been evaluated between hetero-dimer Myc-Max protein, which identified protein-protein interaction (PPI) specific modulators using highly précised molecular docking study followed by long-range interaction stability analyzed through molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Moreover, ADME profile analyses have been estimated for screened hit compounds. MM-GBSA-based binding free energy (ΔG) estimations have been performed for all screened hit compounds obtained from multi-step molecular docking-based virtual screening technique. According to the employed various rigorous multi-chemometric techniques, four identified inhibitors/modulators appear to have a considerable number of intermolecular contacts with hotspot residues in the hetero-dimer interface region of the Myc-Max PPI complex. However, identified hit compounds might need further structural optimization or extensive biophysical analyses for better understanding of the molecular mechanism for exhibiting the Myc-Max PPI interface binding stability.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shovonlal Bhowmick
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Kunal Roy
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Achintya Saha
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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146
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Park YR, Jee W, Park SM, Kim SW, Jung JH, Kim H, Kim KI, Jang HJ. Acetylcorynoline Induces Apoptosis and G2/M Phase Arrest through the c-Myc Signaling Pathway in Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17589. [PMID: 38139419 PMCID: PMC10744070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and despite advances in treatment, survival rates are still low; therefore, the development of novel drugs is imperative. Acetylcorynoline (ACN) is derived from Corydalis ambigua Cham. et Schltdl tubers. The effect of ACN on colon cancer is still unknown. Therefore, we investigated its potential effects. Our data showed that ACN inhibited cell viability and proliferation. Moreover, ACN induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by inhibiting cell growth. In the present study, we hypothesized that ACN regulates c-Myc through CNOT2 or MID1IP1. ACN reduced the protein expression of oncogenic genes, decreased c-Myc half-life, and rapidly inhibited the serum stimulation response. Moreover, knockdown of CNOT2 and MID1IP1 with ACN increased apoptosis and further reduced the expression of oncogenes. In addition, ACN exhibited a synergistic effect with low-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and doxorubicin (Dox). Collectively, our data demonstrate that ACN inhibited c-Myc expression through CNOT2 and MID1IP1, and induced apoptosis. These findings indicate the potential of ACN as a therapeutic agent against colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Rin Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wona Jee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Mi Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Woo Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsuk Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Il Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Division of Allergy, Immune and Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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147
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Freeman DB, Hopkins TD, Mikochik PJ, Vacca JP, Gao H, Naylor-Olsen A, Rudra S, Li H, Pop MS, Villagomez RA, Lee C, Li H, Zhou M, Saffran DC, Rioux N, Hood TR, Day MAL, McKeown MR, Lin CY, Bischofberger N, Trotter BW. Discovery of KB-0742, a Potent, Selective, Orally Bioavailable Small Molecule Inhibitor of CDK9 for MYC-Dependent Cancers. J Med Chem 2023; 66:15629-15647. [PMID: 37967851 PMCID: PMC10726352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional deregulation is a hallmark of many cancers and is exemplified by genomic amplifications of the MYC family of oncogenes, which occur in at least 20% of all solid tumors in adults. Targeting of transcriptional cofactors and the transcriptional cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK9) has emerged as a therapeutic strategy to interdict deregulated transcriptional activity including oncogenic MYC. Here, we report the structural optimization of a small molecule microarray hit, prioritizing maintenance of CDK9 selectivity while improving on-target potency and overall physicochemical and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. This led to the discovery of the potent, selective, orally bioavailable CDK9 inhibitor 28 (KB-0742). Compound 28 exhibits in vivo antitumor activity in mouse xenograft models and a projected human PK profile anticipated to enable efficacious oral dosing. Notably, 28 is currently being investigated in a phase 1/2 dose escalation and expansion clinical trial in patients with relapsed or refractory solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Freeman
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Tamara D. Hopkins
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Peter J. Mikochik
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Joseph P. Vacca
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Hua Gao
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Adel Naylor-Olsen
- Naylor
Olsen Consulting, LLC, 3369 Saddle Wood Court, Lansdale, Pennsylvania 19446, United States
| | - Sonali Rudra
- TCG
Lifesciences Private Limited, Block BN, Plot 7, Salt-lake Electronics Complex, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Huixu Li
- WuXi
AppTec (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., 168 NanHai Road, 10th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Marius S. Pop
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Rosa A. Villagomez
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Christina Lee
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Heng Li
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Minyun Zhou
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Douglas C. Saffran
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Nathalie Rioux
- Certara
Strategic Consulting, 100 Overlook Center, Suite 101, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Tressa R. Hood
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Melinda A. L. Day
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Michael R. McKeown
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Charles Y. Lin
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - Norbert Bischofberger
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
| | - B. Wesley Trotter
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 301 Binney
Street, 2nd Floor East, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Kronos
Bio, Inc., 1300 So. El
Camino Real Suite 400, San Mateo, California 94402, United States
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148
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Lu M, Zhang X, Chu Q, Chen Y, Zhang P. Susceptibility Genes Associated with Multiple Primary Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5788. [PMID: 38136334 PMCID: PMC10741435 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
With advancements in treatment and screening techniques, we have been witnessing an era where more cancer survivors harbor multiple primary cancers (MPCs), affecting approximately one in six patients. Identifying MPCs is crucial for tumor staging and subsequent treatment choices. However, the current clinicopathological criteria for clinical application are limited and insufficient, making it challenging to differentiate them from recurrences or metastases. The emergence of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has provided a genetic perspective for defining multiple primary cancers. Researchers have found that, when considering multiple tumor pairs, it is crucial not only to examine well-known essential mutations like MLH1/MSH2, EGFR, PTEN, BRCA1/2, CHEK2, and TP53 mutations but also to explore certain pleiotropic loci. Moreover, specific deleterious mutations may serve as regulatory factors in second cancer development following treatment. This review aims to discuss these susceptibility genes and provide an explanation of their functions based on the signaling pathway background. Additionally, the association network between genetic signatures and different tumor pairs will be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (M.L.)
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149
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Nevzorova YA, Cubero FJ. Obesity under the moonlight of c-MYC. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1293218. [PMID: 38116204 PMCID: PMC10728299 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1293218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The moonlighting protein c-Myc is a master regulator of multiple biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis and metabolism. It is constitutively and aberrantly expressed in more than 70% of human cancers. Overwhelming evidence suggests that c-Myc dysregulation is involved in several inflammatory, autoimmune, metabolic and other non-cancerous diseases. In this review, we addressed the role of c-Myc in obesity. Obesity is a systemic disease, accompanied by multi-organ dysfunction apart from white adipose tissue (WAT), such as the liver, the pancreas, and the intestine. c-Myc plays a big diversity of functions regulating cellular proliferation, the maturation of progenitor cells, fatty acids (FAs) metabolism, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Moreover, c-Myc drives the expression of a wide range of metabolic genes, modulates the inflammatory response, induces insulin resistance (IR), and contributes to the regulation of intestinal dysbiosis. Altogether, c-Myc is an interesting diagnostic tool and/or therapeutic target in order to mitigate obesity and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A. Nevzorova
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
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150
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Lee H, Jung JH, Ko HM, Park H, Segall AM, Sheffmaker RL, Wang J, Frey WD, Pham N, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Jackson JG, Zeng SX, Lu H. RNA-binding motif protein 10 inactivates c-Myc by partnering with ribosomal proteins uL18 and uL5. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308292120. [PMID: 38032932 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308292120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding motif protein 10 (RBM10) is a frequently mutated tumor suppressor in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Yet, it remains unknown whether cancer-derived mutant RBM10 compromises its tumor suppression function and, if so, the molecular insight of the underlying mechanisms. Here, we show that wild-type RBM10 suppresses lung cancer cell growth and proliferation by inactivating c-Myc that is essential for cancer cell survival. RBM10 directly binds to c-Myc and promotes c-Myc's ubiquitin-dependent degradation, while RBM10 knockdown leads to the induction of c-Myc level and activity. This negative action on c-Myc is further boosted by ribosomal proteins (RPs) uL18 (RPL5) and uL5 (RPL11) via their direct binding to RBM10. Cancer-derived mutant RBM10-I316F fails to bind to uL18 and uL5 and to inactivate c-Myc, thus incapable of suppressing tumorigenesis. Our findings uncover RBM10 as a pivotal c-Myc repressor by cooperating with uL18 and uL5 in lung cancer cells, as its failure to do so upon mutation favors tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Hyun Min Ko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Heewon Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Allyson M Segall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Department of Neuroscience, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118
| | - Roger L Sheffmaker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118
| | - Jieqiong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Wesley D Frey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Nathan Pham
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Yongbo Wang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - James G Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Shelya X Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
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