101
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Wen LY, Shi LX, Zhu LJ, Zhou MJ, Hua L, Jin YL, Chang WW. Associations between Chinese college students’ anxiety and depression: A chain mediation analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268773. [PMID: 35653383 PMCID: PMC9162318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Anxiety and depression are great public health concerns among college students. The purpose of this study was to explore whether sleep quality and quality of life (QoL) play mediating roles in anxiety and depression among Chinese college students. Method A total of 2757 college students (mean age = 19.07; SD = 1.14) completed the questionnaires, including a brief demographic survey. The 2-item General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) and the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) were used to assess the symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively. And the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) were used to evaluate college students’ sleep quality and QoL, respectively. Mediation analyses were conducted by using PROCESS macro in the SPSS software. Result Anxiety had both direct and indirect effects on depression. Sleep quality and QoL were not only independent mediators in the relationship between anxiety and depression but also chain mediators. Conclusion The results of the current study highlight the crucial role of early intervention for depression with a focus on college students with anxiety, more especially, on those with poorer sleep quality and lower QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-ying Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Liu-xia Shi
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Li-jun Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Meng-jie Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Long Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yue-long Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- * E-mail: (YLJ); (WWC)
| | - Wei-wei Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- * E-mail: (YLJ); (WWC)
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102
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Risk of current suicidal ideations associated with lifelong anhedonia and recent change of anhedonia in individuals with insomnia: A cross-sectional study. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 150:338-345. [PMID: 34838265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with insomnia are a subpopulation at high-risk of suicide. However, despite the elements in favour of an implication of anhedonia in the occurrence of current suicidal ideations (SI), no study has investigated the role played by this affective symptom in the occurrence of current SI in individuals with insomnia. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of current SI associated with lifelong anhedonia and recent change of anhedonia in individuals with insomnia. METHOD Demographic and polysomnographic data from 493 individuals with insomnia selected retrospectively from the clinical database of the Erasme Hospital Sleep Laboratory were analysed. Current SI were considered present if the score in item 9 of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was ≥1 and/or if they were highlighted during the systematic psychiatric assessment conducted on admission to the Sleep Laboratory. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk of current SI associated with anhedonia in individuals with insomnia. RESULTS The prevalence of current SI was 21.5% in our sample of individuals with insomnia. After adjusting for major confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that unlike lifelong anhedonia, only recent change of anhedonia was a risk factor for current SI in individuals with insomnia. CONCLUSION In this study, we demonstrated that in individuals with insomnia, recent change of anhedonia is a risk factor for current SI, which seems to justify more systematic research and adequate therapeutic management of this condition to allow better prevention in this particular subpopulation at high-risk of suicide.
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103
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Hjetland GJ, Skogen JC, Hysing M, Sivertsen B. The Association Between Self-Reported Screen Time, Social Media Addiction, and Sleep Among Norwegian University Students. Front Public Health 2022; 9:794307. [PMID: 34976935 PMCID: PMC8716598 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.794307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between daily screen time and sleep, evening screen time and sleep, and between social media addiction and sleep in a student population. This cross-sectional study is based on data from a national survey of all college and university students in Norway (the SHoT2018 study; n = 49,051). The sleep outcomes were sleep duration, sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, and insomnia operationalized according to formal DSM-5 criteria. The results show a strong negative association between time spent on screen-based devices and sleep quality and quantity, and where screen use in bed had more consistent negative associations with sleep. Furthermore, there were higher rates of insomnia among those with higher levels of addiction, and curvilinear relationships with sleep duration, sleep onset latency, and sleep efficiency. Those with higher levels of addiction also had more evening screen time. The findings suggest that screen use plays an important role in students' sleep quantity and quality, where evening screen time has a stronger relationship with sleep compared to total daily screen time. The results also suggest a role of social media addiction, and addictive social media use may be a target for intervention in order to reduce evening screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnhild J Hjetland
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens C Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari Hysing
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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104
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Yue L, Cui N, Liu Z, Jia C, Liu X. Patterns of sleep problems and internalizing and externalizing problems among Chinese adolescents: A latent class analysis. Sleep Med 2022; 95:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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105
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Vella-Brodrick DA, Gilowska K. Effects of Nature (Greenspace) on Cognitive Functioning in School Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Review. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10648-022-09658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThere is growing interest in understanding the extent to which natural environments can influence learning particularly in school contexts. Nature has the potential to relieve cognitive overload, reduce stress and increase wellbeing—all factors that are conducive to learning. This paper provides a PRISMA-guided systematic review of the literature examining the effects of nature interventions on the cognitive functioning of young people aged 5 to 18 years. Examples of nature interventions include outdoor learning, green playgrounds, walks in nature, plants in classrooms and nature views from classroom windows. These can vary in duration and level of interaction (passive or active). Experimental and quasi-experimental studies with comparison groups that employed standardized cognitive measures were selected, yielding 12 studies from 11 papers. Included studies were rated as being of high (n = 10) or moderate quality (n = 2) and most involved short-term nature interventions. Results provide substantial support for cognitive benefits of nature interventions regarding selective attention, sustained attention and working memory. Underlying mechanisms for the benefits were also explored, including enhanced wellbeing, cognitive restoration and stress reduction—all likely to be contributors to the nature-cognition relationship. The cognitive effects of nature interventions were also examined according to age and school level with some differences evident. Findings from this systematic review show promise that providing young people with opportunities to connect with nature, particularly in educational settings, can be conducive to enhanced cognitive functioning. Schools are well placed to provide much needed ‘green’ educational settings and experiences to assist with relieving cognitive overload and stress and to optimize wellbeing and learning.
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106
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Yuksel D, Kiss O, Prouty DE, Baker FC, de Zambotti M. Clinical characterization of insomnia in adolescents - an integrated approach to psychopathology. Sleep Med 2022; 93:26-38. [PMID: 35398628 PMCID: PMC9058217 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/BACKGROUND Insomnia in adolescence is common and debilitating yet it remains poorly understood. Here, we examine the complexity of clinical, behavioral, and psychosocial factors characterizing insomnia in adolescents. METHODS Ninety-five adolescents (16-19 years) with (N = 47, 31 female) and without (N = 48, 28 female) insomnia symptoms participated. In the insomnia group, 26 (20 female) met full DSM-5 criteria for insomnia disorder, while 21 (11 female) met partial criteria. Participants completed a clinical interview and assessments of clinical, behavioral, and psychosocial dimensions associated with insomnia. GLMs and network analyses were used to evaluate group and sex differences in severity and inter-relationships between symptoms. RESULTS Adolescents with insomnia symptomatology had lower sleep hygiene and thought control, more depressive symptoms and dysfunctional sleep-related cognitions, and more substance use as a coping behavior than healthy controls. They also indicated higher neuroticism, stress levels, and sleep stress reactivity (p < 0.05), but no difference in adverse childhood experiences, than controls. Girls compared to boys with insomnia reported lower sleep quality, and more pre-sleep cognitive activity and sleep stress reactivity (p < 0.05). Compared to healthy girls, girls in the insomnia group reported lower sleep hygiene and higher agreeableness. Network analyses confirmed profound group differences in network topology, with the insomnia group having different levels of centrality and relationships between clinical characteristics compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight clinical and sex-specific characteristics of adolescent insomnia, with network analyses revealing a complex interplay between clinical, behavioral, and psychosocial domains. Adolescents with insomnia symptoms, particularly girls, may benefit from interventions to improve negative cognition, mood, and stress, and behavioral strategies to counteract sleep-related maladaptive behaviors.
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107
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Chattrattrai T, Blanken TF, Lobbezoo F, Su N, Aarab G, Van Someren EJW. A network analysis of self-reported sleep bruxism in the Netherlands Sleep Registry: its associations with insomnia and several demographic, psychological, and life-style factors. Sleep Med 2022; 93:63-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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108
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MacKenzie M, Scott H, Reid K, Gardani M. Adolescent perspectives of bedtime social media use: a qualitative systematic review and thematic synthesis. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 63:101626. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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109
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Kim H, Kim SH, Jang SI, Park EC. Association between sleep quality and anxiety in South Korean adolescents. J Prev Med Public Health 2022; 55:173-181. [PMID: 35391529 PMCID: PMC8995938 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.21.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Anxiety disorder is among the most prevalent mental illnesses among adolescents. Early detection and proper treatment are important for preventing sequelae such as suicide and substance use disorder. Studies have suggested that sleep duration is associated with anxiety disorder in adolescents. In the present study, we investigated the association between sleep quality and anxiety in a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2020 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire was used to evaluate anxiety. The chi-square test was used to investigate and compare the general characteristics of the study population, and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and anxiety. Results In both sexes, anxiety was highly prevalent in participants with poor sleep quality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43 to 1.71 in boys; aOR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.42 in girls). Regardless of sleep duration, participants with poor sleep quality showed a high aOR for anxiety. Conclusions This study identified a consistent relationship between sleep quality and anxiety in Korean adolescents regardless of sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunkyu Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul,
Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul,
Korea
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110
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Watson D, Levin-Aspenson HF, Waszczuk MA, Conway CC, Dalgleish T, Dretsch MN, Eaton NR, Forbes MK, Forbush KT, Hobbs KA, Michelini G, Nelson BD, Sellbom M, Slade T, South SC, Sunderland M, Waldman I, Witthöft M, Wright AGC, Kotov R, Krueger RF. Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): III. Emotional dysfunction superspectrum. World Psychiatry 2022; 21:26-54. [PMID: 35015357 PMCID: PMC8751579 DOI: 10.1002/wps.20943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a quantitative nosological system that addresses shortcomings of traditional mental disorder diagnoses, including arbitrary boundaries between psychopathology and normality, frequent disorder co-occurrence, substantial heterogeneity within disorders, and diagnostic unreliability over time and across clinicians. This paper reviews evidence on the validity and utility of the internalizing and somatoform spectra of HiTOP, which together provide support for an emotional dysfunction superspectrum. These spectra are composed of homogeneous symptom and maladaptive trait dimensions currently subsumed within multiple diagnostic classes, including depressive, anxiety, trauma-related, eating, bipolar, and somatic symptom disorders, as well as sexual dysfunction and aspects of personality disorders. Dimensions falling within the emotional dysfunction superspectrum are broadly linked to individual differences in negative affect/neuroticism. Extensive evidence establishes that dimensions falling within the superspectrum share genetic diatheses, environmental risk factors, cognitive and affective difficulties, neural substrates and biomarkers, childhood temperamental antecedents, and treatment response. The structure of these validators mirrors the quantitative structure of the superspectrum, with some correlates more specific to internalizing or somatoform conditions, and others common to both, thereby underlining the hierarchical structure of the domain. Compared to traditional diagnoses, the internalizing and somatoform spectra demonstrated substantially improved utility: greater reliability, larger explanatory and predictive power, and greater clinical applicability. Validated measures are currently available to implement the HiTOP system in practice, which can make diagnostic classification more useful, both in research and in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Watson
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, USA
| | | | - Monika A Waszczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Tim Dalgleish
- Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael N Dretsch
- US Army Medical Research Directorate - West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas R Eaton
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Miriam K Forbes
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kelsie T Forbush
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Kelsey A Hobbs
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Giorgia Michelini
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brady D Nelson
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Martin Sellbom
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tim Slade
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan C South
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Irwin Waldman
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Witthöft
- Department for Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aidan G C Wright
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Robert F Krueger
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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111
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Pre-pregnancy sleep duration and postpartum depression: a multicenter study in Japan. Arch Womens Ment Health 2022; 25:181-189. [PMID: 34255202 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-021-01136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is as a major public health issue and clinical priority worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the association between pre-pregnancy sleep duration and PPD. A multicenter retrospective study was conducted using clinical data of women who delivered at term between 2014 and 2018 at 12 maternity care hospitals in Japan. A total of 15,314 women were stratified into five groups according to their pre-pregnancy sleep duration: < 6, 6-7, 7-8, 8-9, and ≥ 9 h. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine whether pre-pregnancy sleep duration affects the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores at 1 month postpartum. We also evaluated whether the risk for PPD differs between primipara and multipara women classified according to pre-pregnancy sleep duration. The adjusted odds ratio for high EPDS scores (≥ 9) among women who slept for < 6 h and 6-7 h was 2.08 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.60-2.70) and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.18-1.68), respectively, relative to that in women with 7-8 h of sleep as the reference group. A 1-h increase in sleep duration was associated with an approximately 14% reduction in the risk for high EPDS scores. The association between short sleep duration and high EPDS scores was more remarkable in multipara women than in primipara women. Short pre-pregnancy sleep duration is associated with high EPDS scores, and this association is more significant in multipara women than in primipara women. Our findings emphasize the importance of collecting information on pre-pregnancy sleep duration to identify women at a high risk for PPD.
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112
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Bai S, Buxton OM, Master L, Hale L. Daily associations between family interaction quality, stress, and objective sleep in adolescents. Sleep Health 2022; 8:69-72. [PMID: 34924343 PMCID: PMC8821137 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To better understand the short-term impact of family interactions on adolescent sleep, this study examined daily associations between family interaction quality and sleep duration, sleep maintenance efficiency, and subjective sleep quality. METHODS Participants were 517 diverse youth (Mage = 15.4 years, Range = 15-18) in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study who completed daily reports of family interaction quality, mood and subjective sleep quality and provided actigraphy-based estimates of sleep duration and sleep maintenance efficiency. RESULTS Following days when youth reported that they got along with their parents, they slept 26 minutes (95% CI [2.93, 49.88]) longer. Youth who reported greater quality interactions with other family members on average had longer sleep duration, and youth who reported higher levels of family stress perceived lower sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the importance of considering daily family life, including the quality of brief family interactions, as an entry point for future sleep interventions for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhye Bai
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania
State University, University Park, PA, USA,Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of
California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Correspondence: Sunhye Bai, Human
Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, 216 Health
and Human Development, University Park, 16802,
| | - Orfeu M. Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Lindsay Master
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Lauren Hale
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population,
and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University,
Stony Brook, New York, USA
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113
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Ren CY, Liu PP, Li J, Li YQ, Zhang LJ, Chen GH, Dong FY, Hu D, Zhang M. Changes in telomere length and serum neurofilament light chain levels in female patients with chronic insomnia disorder. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:383-392. [PMID: 34319229 PMCID: PMC8805003 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to explore changes in the telomere length (relative telomere repeat copy/single-copy gene [T/S ratio]) and serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels in female patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID), examine their relationships with emotional abnormalities and cognitive impairment, and determine whether these 2 indicators were independently associated with sleep quality. METHODS The CID group contained 80 patients diagnosed with CID, and 51 individuals constituted a healthy control group. Participants completed sleep, emotion, and cognition assessments. Telomere length was detected through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine sNfL concentrations. RESULTS Relative to the healthy control group, the CID group had elevated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Hamilton Anxiety Scale-14, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 scores and reduced Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale scores, a decreased T/S ratio, and an increased sNfL concentration. Subgroup analysis according to various CID-associated sleep factors showed that poor sleep performance corresponded to a lower T/S ratio. Higher anxiety levels and more cognitive dysfunction correlated with shorter telomere lengths. The T/S ratio negatively correlated with age, whereas the sNfL concentration positively correlated with age in the CID group. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score negatively correlated with the T/S ratio but did not correlate with sNfL levels. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the T/S ratio had a negative and independent effect on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores. CONCLUSIONS The CID group had shorter telomeres and higher sNfL concentrations, and reduced telomere length independently affected sleep quality. CITATION Ren C-Y, Liu P-P, Li J, et al. Changes in telomere length and serum neurofilament light chain levels in female patients with chronic insomnia disorder. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(2):383-392.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Yang Ren
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Pei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Fu Yang Fifth People’s Hospital, Fuyang, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (The First People’s Hospital of Huainan City), Huainan, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Qiang Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (The First People’s Hospital of Huainan City), Huainan, P.R. China
| | - Li-jun Zhang
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Hai Chen
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorder), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Chaohu, P.R. China
| | - Fang-yi Dong
- Department of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China;,Address correspondence to: Mei Zhang, MD; ; Dong Hu, PhD; ; and Fang-yi Dong, PhD;
| | - Dong Hu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P.R. China,Address correspondence to: Mei Zhang, MD; ; Dong Hu, PhD; ; and Fang-yi Dong, PhD;
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (The First People’s Hospital of Huainan City), Huainan, P.R. China,School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control and Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P.R. China,Address correspondence to: Mei Zhang, MD; ; Dong Hu, PhD; ; and Fang-yi Dong, PhD;
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114
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Comsa M, Anderson KN, Sharma A, Yadav VC, Watson S. The relationship between sleep and depression and bipolar disorder in children and young people. BJPsych Open 2022; 8:e27. [PMID: 35027099 PMCID: PMC8811784 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2021.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep difficulties are often reported in practice, and are part of the diagnostic criteria for depression and bipolar disorder. AIMS To inform the understanding of the relationship between sleep and both depression and bipolar disorder. METHOD We conducted a narrative literature review of affective disorders and sleep difficulties in children and young people. RESULTS Specific sleep disorders, such as parasomnias, narcolepsy and sleep-related movement disorders, are associated with depression, whereas insomnia, obstructive sleep apnoea and circadian rhythm disorders are associated with both depression and bipolar disorder in children and young people. Conversely, children and young people with depression can present with a number of sleep difficulties, and these are associated with higher depression severity and greater fatigue, suicidal ideation, physical complaints, pain and decreased concentration. Sleep disturbances among adolescents with bipolar disorder can affect the severity of depressive and manic symptoms, are a poor prognostic indicator and have been associated with social and academic impairment. Antidepressants and antipsychotics can directly affect sleep architecture, which clinicians need to be aware of. Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep problems could prevent and/or minimise the risk of relapse in affective disorders. CONCLUSIONS Sleep difficulties can occur before, during and after an episode of depression or bipolar disorder, and have a higher prevalence in affective disorders compared with the general population. A multi-modal approach would include the treatment of both the affective and specific sleep disorder. Further research is needed in this field to understand the impact of combined interventions on clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Comsa
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Cumbria Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Aditya Sharma
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, UK; and Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Vanishri C Yadav
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Stuart Watson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, UK; and Specialist Services, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Yang JP, Lin RJ, Sun K, Gao LL. Incidence and correlates of insomnia and its impact on health-related quality of life among Chinese pregnant women: a cross-sectional study. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2022:1-12. [PMID: 34989304 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2021.2020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to examine the incidence and correlates of insomnia and its impact on health-related quality of life among Chinese pregnant women. METHOD A cross-sectional study was performed from November 2018 to April 2019 in a university-affiliated general hospital in Guangzhou, China. Seven hundred and seventeen pregnant women completed the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and the obstetric and sociodemographic data sheet. FINDINGS 24.3% of the pregnant women suffered from insomnia. Compared with women without insomnia, those with insomnia had a significantly lower health-related quality of life during pregnancy. Maternal age, educational level, occupation, economic status, insurance coverage, gestational age, the woman's relationship with her mother-in-law and anxiety were significantly associated with insomnia among pregnant women. CONCLUSION The incidence of insomnia among pregnant women is high, and insomnia is negatively correlated with health-related quality of life. Appropriate measures and practical therapeutic programmes should be provided to prevent the adverse effects of insomnia in pregnant women with advanced maternal age, lower education, lower economic status, unemployment, lack of insurance coverage, unsatisfied with their relationships with their mothers-in-law, and suffering from anxiety symptoms, especially in the third trimester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ping Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rong-Jin Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ke Sun
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Ling Gao
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Lunn J, Chen JY. Chronotype and time of day effects on verbal and facial emotional Stroop task performance in adolescents. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:323-332. [PMID: 34983272 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1998102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated chronotype and time of day effects on lexical and facial emotion processing tasks and explored relationships with sleep quality and mental health outcomes. Participants were 351 Taiwanese adolescents (204 males) aged 13 to 16 years of age who completed both a Facial-Emotional Stroop and a Lexical-Emotional Stroop task at 08:00-10:00 am or at 14:00-16:00 pm. Chronotype was measured using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and grouped into Morning (n = 46), Intermediate (n = 248) or Evening types (n = 57). Participants completed validated measures of sleep quality (PSQI) and mental health difficulties (DASS-21). The study observed independent effects of time of day and chronotype on the Facial-Emotional Stroop task. Independent of chronotype group, delayed reaction times to anger stimuli were observed in adolescents tested in the morning. Younger adolescents with an Evening chronotype showed delayed responses to anger faces independent of the time of testing. Facial-Emotional Stroop task performance correlated with reported sleep quality and mental health only in Evening chronotypes, with attenuated responses to anger versus neutral stimuli associated with poorer sleep quality and worse mental health outcomes. An exploratory simple mediation analysis indicated that the relationship between attenuated responses to anger and greater mental health difficulties was fully mediated by poorer sleep quality. This study provides evidence of diurnal and chronotype-related variation in facial threat-related processing in typical adolescent development. It also indicates how social emotional processing is vulnerable to sleep disruptions and is linked to the greater mental health problems observed in adolescents with an eveningness profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lunn
- Ming-Der Senior High School, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Ying Chen
- Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Silva RMD, Lenz FCD, Schlotfeldt NF, Morais KCPD, Beck CLC, Martino MMFD, Borges EMDN, Zeitoune RCG. SLEEP ASSESSMENT AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN HOSPITAL NURSING WORKERS. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2022-0277en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: analyze the relationship between sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and health symptoms among the nursing team working in a hospital. Method: cross-sectional research, carried out with the nursing team of a public hospital in Brazil, between September 2017 and April 2018. A sociodemographic questionnaire, health symptoms, Sleepiness Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used. Data are presented as absolute and relative frequencies, means, standard deviations, bivariate analysis, and binary logistic regression. Results: a total of 308 workers participated in the study, and poor sleep quality and absence of daytime sleepiness predominated among them. There was an association between sleepiness, children (p=0.006), and work accidents (p=0.044). Factors associated with poor sleep quality and drowsiness, appetite disorders, feeling of poor digestion, flatulence, weight gain, irritability, headache, feeling of low self-esteem, and mood lability. Conclusion: appetite disorder was the main factor for poor sleep quality for the nursing team working in a hospital in Brazil. This suggests that it is important to consider sleep quality when examining a worker´s health.
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Daytime sleepiness and emotional and behavioral disturbances in Prader-Willi syndrome. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:2491-2500. [PMID: 35316366 PMCID: PMC9110445 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) often have excessive daytime sleepiness and emotional/behavioral disturbances. The objective of this study was to examine whether daytime sleepiness was associated with these emotional/behavioral problems, independent of nighttime sleep-disordered breathing, or the duration of sleep. Caregivers of individuals with PWS (aged 3 to 25 years) completed the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents (ESS-CHAD), and the parent version of the Developmental Behavior Checklist (DBC-P). Sleep adequacy was adjusted for age by computing sleep duration against age-specific recommendations. The associations between ESS-CHAD and the total DBC and its subscale scores were evaluated by linear regression, adjusted for sleep-related breathing difficulties, sleep adequacy, and body mass index (BMI). There were 54 responses for individuals with PWS (including 22 males) aged 4.4-24.0 (mean 12.5) years. Daytime sleepiness predicted a substantial proportion of the variance in total DBC-P scores in the unadjusted model (28%; β = 0.028; p < 0.001) and when adjusted for sleep adequacy, BMI, and sleep-related breathing difficulties (29%; β = 0.023; p = 0.007). This relationship was not moderated by BMI Z-scores, but the relationship was more prominent for children younger than 12 years than for children older than 12 years.Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary novel evidence that daytime sleepiness may drive the expression of emotional/behavioral disturbances, and should be explored as a potential modifiable risk factor for these disturbances in PWS, particularly pre-adolescent children.
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Asociación entre alteraciones en el sueño y problemas de salud mental en los estudiantes de Medicina durante la pandemia de la COVID-19. EDUCACIO´N ME´DICA 2022; 23:100744. [PMCID: PMC9271489 DOI: 10.1016/j.edumed.2022.100744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Medical students are a population vulnerable to poor sleep quality and sleep deprivation; these problems were accentuated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective was to evaluate the association between sleep disturbances and the presence of depression and anxiety in medical students during the pandemic. Materials and methods Cross-sectional, analytical study in medical students of a private university in Peru. Data were collected from May 22 to June 14, 2020, after 3 months of mandatory social isolation. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; ≥ 10), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7; ≥ 10) scale and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI; ≥ 8) were used to assess depression, anxiety and insomnia, respectively. Poisson regressions with robust variance were used to calculate prevalence ratios. Results The prevalence of depression, anxiety and insomnia was 28.5%, 29.5% and 60.1% respectively. It was found that those who had short sleep (RPa: 1.40, CI: 1.05-1.87, p: 0.024), who slept after 2:00 hours (RPa: 2.24, CI: 1.31-3.83, p: 0.003) and who presented insomnia (RPa: 7.12, CI: 3.70-13.73, p: < 0.001) had a higher prevalence of anxiety. Likewise, those who slept after 2:00 hours (RPa: 2.13, CI: 1.24-3.64, p: 0.006) and those who presented insomnia (RP: 8.82, CI: 4.17-18.68, p: < 0.001) had a higher prevalence of depression. Conclusions Short sleep, bedtime and insomnia are factors associated with the prevalence of depression and anxiety.
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Silva RMD, Lenz FCD, Schlotfeldt NF, Morais KCPD, Beck CLC, Martino MMFD, Borges EMDN, Zeitoune RCG. AVALIAÇÃO DO SONO E FATORES ASSOCIADOS EM TRABALHADORES DE ENFERMAGEM HOSPITALAR. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2022-0277pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a relação entre qualidade do sono, sonolência diurna excessiva e sintomas de saúde entre a equipe de enfermagem que atuava em um hospital. Método: pesquisa transversal, realizada com a equipe de enfermagem de um hospital público do Brasil, entre setembro de 2017 e abril de 2018. Foram utilizados questionário sociodemográfico, sintomas de saúde, Escala de Sonolência e Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI-BR). Os dados são apresentados como frequências absolutas e relativas, médias, desvios padrão, análise bivariada e regressão logística binária. Resultados: participaram do estudo 308 trabalhadores, predominando entre eles a má qualidade do sono e a ausência de sonolência diurna. Houve associação entre sonolência, crianças (p=0,006) e acidentes de trabalho (p=0,044). Os fatores associados à má qualidade do sono e sonolência foram distúrbios do apetite, sensação de má digestão, flatulência, ganho de peso, irritabilidade, dor de cabeça, sensação de baixa autoestima e labilidade do humor. Conclusão: o transtorno do apetite foi o principal fator de má qualidade do sono para a equipe de enfermagem que atuava em um hospital no Brasil. Isso sugere que é importante considerar a qualidade do sono ao examinar a saúde do trabalhador.
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Fan XW, Yang Y, Wang S, Zhang YJ, Wang AX, Liao XL, Ma WG, Zhang N, Wang CX, Wang YJ. Impact of Persistent Poor Sleep Quality on Post-Stroke Anxiety and Depression: A National Prospective Clinical Registry Study. Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:1125-1135. [PMID: 35721879 PMCID: PMC9205438 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s357536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of poor sleep quality after stroke, especially persistent poor sleep quality, on poststroke anxiety and depression is unclear. We seek to investigate the impact of baseline and persistent poor sleep quality on short-term poststroke anxiety and depression. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data were analyzed for 1619 patients with acute ischemic stroke from the Impairment of Cognition and Sleep after Acute Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in Chinese Patients study (ICONS). The sleep quality was assessed at 2 weeks and 3 months using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale (PSQI). Poor sleep quality was defined as a PSQI score of >5, and persistent poor sleep quality was defined as a PSQI score of >5 at each time point. Patients were divided into three groups according to the quality of sleep: good sleep quality, baseline poor sleep quality and persistent poor sleep quality. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7), and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months after stroke were taken as the study outcomes. RESULTS Persistent poor sleep quality was present in 70.2% of patients after stroke. Compared to those with good sleep quality, patients with baseline poor sleep quality did not show significant differences in disability, anxiety and depression. However, patients with persistent poor sleep were at increased risk of depression (odds ratio, OR 3.04, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.66-5.57, P < 0.01) and anxiety (OR 3.20, 95% CI 1.42-7.19, P < 0.01) at 3 months after stroke. Persistent poor sleep quality was not identified as a risk factor for functional disability at 3 months. CONCLUSION Patients with persistent poor sleep quality are at added risks for depression and anxiety after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Fan
- Department of Neurology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Liao
- Department of Neurology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Guo Ma
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Xue Wang
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Jiang J, Wang D, Scherffius A, Chen D, Ma Z, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Yu Q, Fan F. The Association Between Morningness-Eveningness Preference, Depression, Anxiety and Insomnia Among Chinese Textile Workers With or Without Shift Work. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:915476. [PMID: 35845469 PMCID: PMC9279731 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.915476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circadian preference and mental health disorders are closely related to insomnia. This study aimed to evaluate insomnia symptoms in textile factory workers with different work schedules, and to investigate the association between insomnia, morningness-eveningness preference, anxiety, and depression. METHODS A total of 3,883 textile workers were assessed using the 3-items of Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Composite Scale of Morningness, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, and socio-demographic questionnaires. RESULTS The prevalence rate of insomnia in textile workers was 16.7% (N = 646), with 49.8% (N = 322) were shift workers. Among shift workers (N = 1,833), 9.5% had difficulty initiating sleep, and almost 9.0% suffered from early morning awakening, a rate significantly higher than among daytime workers. Logistics regressions revealed that work schedule was insignificantly associated with insomnia. Depression (OR = 1.034, 95% CI = 1.022-1.046) and anxiety (OR = 1.031, 95% CI = 1.018-1.043) positively predicted insomnia, whereas morningness preference (OR = 0.977, 95% CI = 0.960-0.995) decreased the likelihood of insomnia. Furthermore, mediation analysis showed that both anxiety and depression independently mediated the association between circadian preferences and insomnia in textile workers with or without shift work. CONCLUSION This study highlighted the insomnia, depression, and anxiety of textile factory workers in a Chinese textile factory. To improve insomnia symptoms, interventions to promote morningness circadian preference and reduce depressive and anxious symptoms among workers are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Jiang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andrew Scherffius
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Dingxuan Chen
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yu
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Fan
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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THE INFLUENCE OF ANXIETY LEVEL AND PAST COVID-19 ON SLEEP QUALITY AND INSOMNIA SEVERITY. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2022-4-82-31-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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de Zambotti M, Yuksel D, Kiss O, Barresi G, Arra N, Volpe L, King C, Baker FC. A virtual reality-based mind–body approach to downregulate psychophysiological arousal in adolescent insomnia. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221107887. [PMID: 35733879 PMCID: PMC9208061 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221107887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, we describe the rationale, supported by preliminary data, for a novel, digital, immersive virtual reality (VR)-based mind–body approach, designed to reduce bedtime arousal in adolescents with insomnia. Methods Fifty-two high-school students (16–20 years; 32 female) with ( N = 18) and without ( N = 34) DSM-5 insomnia symptoms engaged with 20 min of immersive VR-guided meditation and paced breathing (0.1 Hz) ( intervention condition) and 20 min of quiet activity ( control condition), right before bedtime, on two separate evenings. Results The intervention resulted in acute autonomic and cortical modulation ( p < 0.05), leading to reduced physiological arousal (↓heart rate, ↓cortisol) compared with the control condition, with similar effects in adolescents with and without insomnia. No significant changes were detected for cognitive arousal levels. During the intervention, all participants were able to achieve the targeted 0.1 Hz breathing rate, and the majority experienced no discomfort associated with the VR exposure. However, 30–40% of the participants experienced some trouble slowing down their breathing. Conclusions The study provides supporting preliminary evidence for the mechanism behind a novel VR-based digital approach, designed to regulate psychophysiological arousal levels by acting on neurocognitive and autonomic pathways. Further studies (e.g. randomized clinical trials) are needed to evaluate the isolated and synergistic effects of its components (e.g. VR vs. VR + paced breathing), and its efficacy, acceptance, and feasibility in alleviating insomnia symptoms in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dilara Yuksel
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Orsolya Kiss
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Giacinto Barresi
- Rehab Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicole Arra
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Laila Volpe
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Christopher King
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Pediatric Pain Research Center (PPRC), Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Fiona C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Wan Q, Liu K, Wang X, Luo S, Yuan X, Wang C, Jiang J, Wu W. The top 100 most cited papers in insomnia: A bibliometric analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1040807. [PMID: 36683985 PMCID: PMC9845786 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1040807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The number of citations to a paper represents the weight of that work in a particular area of interest. Several highly cited papers are listed in the bibliometric analysis. This study aimed to identify and analyze the 100 most cited papers in insomnia research that might appeal to researchers and clinicians. METHODS We reviewed the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection database to identify articles from 1985 to 24 March 2022. The R bibliometric package was used to further analyze citation counts, authors, year of publication, source journal, geographical origin, subject, article type, and level of evidence. Word co-occurrence in 100 articles was visualized using VOS viewer software. RESULTS A total of 44,654 manuscripts were searched on the Web of Science. Between 2001 and 2021, the top 100 influential manuscripts were published, with a total citation frequency of 38,463. The top countries and institutions contributing to the field were the U.S. and Duke University. Morin C.M. was the most productive author, ranking first in citations. Sleep had the highest number of manuscripts published in the top 100 (n = 31), followed by Sleep Medicine Reviews (n = 9). The most cited manuscript (Bastien et al., Sleep Medicine, 2001; 3,384 citations) reported clinical validation of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) as a brief screening indicator for insomnia and as an outcome indicator for treatment studies. Co-occurrence analyses suggest that psychiatric disorders combined with insomnia and cognitive behavioral therapy remain future research trends. CONCLUSION This study provides a detailed list of the most cited articles on insomnia. The analysis provides researchers and clinicians with a detailed overview of the most cited papers on insomnia over the past two decades. Notably, COVID-19, anxiety, depression, CBT, and sleep microstructure are potential areas of focus for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Wan
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuting Luo
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiya Yuan
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chi Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenzhong Wu
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zhou S, Chen J, Lin H, Ye Y, Xiao Y, Ouyang N, Pan S, Feng S, Xie M, Li B. Associations Among Workplace Bullying, Resilience, Insomnia Severity, and Subjective Wellbeing in Chinese Resident Doctors. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:840945. [PMID: 35250677 PMCID: PMC8894656 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.840945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although workplace bullying is common among medical workers, its associations with insomnia severity and subjective wellbeing are still unclear. Our study aimed to investigate these associations among resident doctors who are more vulnerable to both workplace bullying and insomnia. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1,877 resident doctors from 12 hospitals across 7 administrative regions in China. Workplace bullying, resilience, insomnia severity, and subjective wellbeing were evaluated by the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R), the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10-item (CD-RISC-10), the Insomnia Severity Index, and the Index of Wellbeing, respectively. Further, a logistic regression analysis was used to analyze factors associated with insomnia. In addition, structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to examine the associations among workplace bullying, resilience, insomnia severity, and subjective wellbeing. RESULTS In the present study, the rates of workplace bullying and insomnia were 51.4 and 33.2%, respectively. Workplace bullying (OR = 1.056, p < 0.001) and poor resilience (OR = 0.957, p < 0.001) were the factors associated with insomnia after controlling the confounding variables. Further, SEM of the present study revealed a direct relationship between workplace bullying and subjective wellbeing (std-β = -0.223, p < 0.001). In addition, insomnia severity (std-β = -0.071, p < 0.001) and resilience (std-β = -0.092, p < 0.001) can individually or collectively (std-β = -0.008, p < 0.001) mediate the indirect associations between workplace bullying and subjective wellbeing. However, resilience was found to act as a moderator only in the direct association between workplace bullying and subjective wellbeing. CONCLUSIONS Workplace bullying and poor resilience were the factors associated with insomnia. Further, greater resilience acted as a buffer in the direct association between workplace bullying and subjective wellbeing, whereas both insomnia severity and resilience were critical mediators in the indirect associations between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojiong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Shaojiong Zhou
| | - Jia Chen
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Lin
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Ouyang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shaomei Pan
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Siqi Feng
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Meiling Xie
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Bingxian Li
- Department of Neurology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
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Hysing M, Heradstveit O, Harvey AG, Nilsen SA, Bøe T, Sivertsen B. Sleep problems among adolescents within child and adolescent mental health services. An epidemiological study with registry linkage. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 31:121-131. [PMID: 33159591 PMCID: PMC8816738 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-020-01676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sleep problems are prevalent among adolescents, especially among those diagnosed with mental health disorders. There is insufficient knowledge about sleep among adolescents within child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) in comparison to the general population. The data are drawn from the youth@hordaland study, a large population-based study conducted in 2012, linked to the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) (n = 9077). Psychiatric disorders were based on clinical diagnoses from the NPR, while insomnia, delayed sleep-wake-phase disorder (DSWPD), and other sleep problems/patterns were assessed by self-report questionnaires from youth@hordaland. The prevalence of diagnosed sleep disorders among adolescents seeking mental health services was 0.6%, yielding an estimated prevalence of 0.07% of the population. However, questionnaire-based measurement of insomnia from the youth@hordaland study indicated that insomnia was highly prevalent across disorders in comparison to a reference group of adolescents who were not within mental health care. Insomnia ranged from 29% among adolescents diagnosed with ADHD (PR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.41-2.29) to 48% among adolescents diagnosed with depression (PR = 2.53, 95% CI 2.19-2.92). All diagnostic groups had a mean sleep efficiency below (85%), indicating poor sleep quality. Insomnia, delayed sleep-phase wake disorder, and poor sleep efficiency were confirmed as transdiagnostic sleep problems across psychiatric disorders. In addition, some disorder-specific patterns emerged, such as a higher prevalence of insomnia among adolescents with depression, and DSWPS among adolescents with conduct disorder. This underscores the need for treating sleep problems in CAMHS, and transdiagnostic treatment approaches are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Hysing
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. .,Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ove Heradstveit
- grid.509009.5Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway ,grid.412835.90000 0004 0627 2891Center for Alcohol & Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Allison G. Harvey
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Sondre Aasen Nilsen
- grid.509009.5Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tormod Bøe
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway ,grid.509009.5Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway ,Department of Research & Innovation, Helse-Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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128
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Chen T, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Yu J, Wang T, Zhang J, Li Y, Zhu J, Zhu DM. Neural mechanism of the relationship between sleep efficiency and clinical improvement in major depressive disorder: A longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1027141. [PMID: 36262630 PMCID: PMC9573948 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1027141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antidepressants represent the most common treatment of choice for major depressive disorder (MDD). In this study, we aimed to explore the status-related changes (acute vs. remitted status) in brain function in patients with MDD. METHODS Regular antidepressant medications (an average of 7 months after the initial visit, remitted status) were received by 48 patients with MDD. All the patients underwent MRI and polysomnography examinations as well as clinical assessment at each visit. RESULTS We found that baseline fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) of right superior parietal gyrus (SPG) and middle frontal gyrus could predict depression and anxiety symptoms improvement from acute to remitted status in patients with MDD, respectively. Moreover, we found a significant positive correlation between the fALFF of right SPG and baseline sleep efficiency (SE) in patients with MDD. Further mediation analysis revealed that the fALFF of right SPG mediated the relationship between baseline SE and depressive symptom improvement. CONCLUSION Apart from highlighting the fALFF as a potential prognostic indicator to predict and track disease progression in patients with MDD, these findings might provide a neural mechanism basis for improving sleep quality of patients with MDD and thus promoting the recovery of clinical symptoms, as well as provide a practical basis for clinical interventions in patients with MDD with sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Wenming Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Jiakuai Yu
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dao-Min Zhu
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
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129
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Wei Q, Pan Y, Zhang S, Yin W, Lin Q, Pan S, Dai C, Zhou L, Wu J. Epidemiology of childhood trauma and its association with insomnia and psychotic-like experiences in Chinese Zhuang adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:974674. [PMID: 36072448 PMCID: PMC9441791 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.974674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents who have experienced childhood trauma are more likely to have insomnia and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) than adolescents from other ethnic groups. However, little is known about the youth of ethnic minorities. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of childhood trauma and its relationship with insomnia and PLEs in Chinese Zhuang adolescents, focusing on the role of a specific type of trauma and accumulation. METHODS A questionnaire of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and Chinese Version Community assessment psychic experiences-8 (CCAPE- 8) were all completed by 1,493 Chinese Zhuang adolescents. Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analyses examined the association between childhood trauma and insomnia/PLEs. RESULTS The incidences of emotional abuse (EA), physical abuse (PA), sexual abuse (SA), emotional neglect (EN), and physical neglect (PN) occurred at rates of 5.63, 5.02, 6.56, 23.98, and 33.15%, respectively. EA, SA, EN, and PN were all positively related to insomnia (OR: 1.314-7.720, all p < 0.05). EA and SA were positively associated with PLEs (OR: 2.131-3.202, all p < 0.001). Adolescents who had experienced three or more types of traumas were more likely to have insomnia (OR = 6.961, p < 0.001) and PLEs (OR = 3.558, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The most common type of childhood trauma is PN. Childhood trauma has the primary effect on insomnia/PLE. A significant dose-response relationship was found between Childhood trauma and insomnia/ PLEs. This association varied depending on the type and accumulation of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyue Wei
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuli Pan
- Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Shengjie Zhang
- Department of Graduate Management, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Wenwen Yin
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qinghong Lin
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shuibo Pan
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chenyangzi Dai
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Linhua Zhou
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Junduan Wu
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Psychology, School of Medicine, Guangxi Medical College, Nanning, China
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130
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The transdiagnostic origins of anxiety and depression during the pediatric period: Linking NIMH research domain criteria (RDoC) constructs to ecological systems. Dev Psychopathol 2021; 33:1599-1619. [DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421000559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn the last decade, an abundance of research has utilized the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) research domain criteria (RDoC) framework to examine mechanisms underlying anxiety and depression in youth. However, relatively little work has examined how these mechanistic intrapersonal processes intersect with context during childhood and adolescence. The current paper covers reviews and meta-analyses that have linked RDoC-relevant constructs to ecological systems in internalizing problems in youth. Specifically, cognitive, biological, and affective factors within the RDoC framework were examined. Based on these reviews and some of the original empirical research they cover, we highlight the integral role of ecological factors to the RDoC framework in predicting onset and maintenance of internalizing problems in youth. Specific recommendations are provided for researchers using the RDoC framework to inform future research integrating ecological systems and development. We advocate for future research and research funding to focus on better integration of the environment and development into the RDoC framework.
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131
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Shu Z, Wang J, Sun H, Xu N, Lu C, Zhang R, Li X, Liu B, Zhou X. Diversity and molecular network patterns of symptom phenotypes. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2021; 7:41. [PMID: 34848731 PMCID: PMC8632989 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-021-00206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Symptom phenotypes have continuously been an important clinical entity for clinical diagnosis and management. However, non-specificity of symptom phenotypes for clinical diagnosis is one of the major challenges that need be addressed to advance symptom science and precision health. Network medicine has delivered a successful approach for understanding the underlying mechanisms of complex disease phenotypes, which will also be a useful tool for symptom science. Here, we extracted symptom co-occurrences from clinical textbooks to construct phenotype network of symptoms with clinical co-occurrence and incorporated high-quality symptom-gene associations and protein-protein interactions to explore the molecular network patterns of symptom phenotypes. Furthermore, we adopted established network diversity measure in network medicine to quantify both the phenotypic diversity (i.e., non-specificity) and molecular diversity of symptom phenotypes. The results showed that the clinical diversity of symptom phenotypes could partially be explained by their underlying molecular network diversity (PCC = 0.49, P-value = 2.14E-08). For example, non-specific symptoms, such as chill, vomiting, and amnesia, have both high phenotypic and molecular network diversities. Moreover, we further validated and confirmed the approach of symptom clusters to reduce the non-specificity of symptom phenotypes. Network diversity proposes a useful approach to evaluate the non-specificity of symptom phenotypes and would help elucidate the underlying molecular network mechanisms of symptom phenotypes and thus promotes the advance of symptom science for precision health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Shu
- Institute of Medical Intelligence, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100063, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Institute of Medical Intelligence, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100063, China
| | - Hailong Sun
- Institute of Medical Intelligence, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100063, China
| | - Ning Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan, Henan University of Chinese Medicine), Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chenxia Lu
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Wuhan, 430061, China
| | - Runshun Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Wuhan, 430061, China
| | - Baoyan Liu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xuezhong Zhou
- Institute of Medical Intelligence, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100063, China.
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132
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Yang W, Guo X, Lu Q, Pan T, Wang H, Wang H. Acupuncture plus Tuina for chronic insomnia: A protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27927. [PMID: 34964767 PMCID: PMC8615298 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia is a common sleep disorder. It refers to a subjective feeling of dissatisfaction with sleep duration and quality that affects social functioning, even though there are appropriate opportunities and environments for sleep. The disease for a long time can easily cause physical and mental fatigue, anxiety, depression, and other symptoms. Anxiety, depression, and insomnia can worsen the condition. Acupuncture and Tuina therapy has been widely used in the treatment of chronic insomnia, and this study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of acupuncture plus Tuina in the treatment of chronic insomnia to clarify its efficacy. METHODS The following databases will be searched: Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Medline databases. In addition, we will also collect 4 databases of China: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database, VIP Database, and Wan-fang Database. We selected eligible studies published up to October 2021. We used Review Manager 5.4, provided by the Cochrane Collaborative Network for statistical analysis. Clinical randomized controlled trials related to acupuncture plus Tuina for chronic insomnia were included in this study. Language is limited to both Chinese and English languages. Study selection, data extraction, and study quality assessment were independently performed by 2 researchers. We then assessed the quality and risk of the included studies and observed the outcome indicators. RESULTS This study provides a high-quality synthesis to assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture plus Tuina for treating chronic insomnia. CONCLUSION This systematic review will provide evidence to determine whether acupuncture plus Tuina is an effective and safe intervention for patients with chronic insomnia. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol of the systematic review does not require ethical approval because it does not involve humans. This article will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences. REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY2021100115.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwan Yang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaole Guo
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haili Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hongfeng Wang
- Department of Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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133
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Kleppang AL, de Ridder K, Haugland SH, Stea TH. Physical activity, sugar-sweetened beverages, whole grain bread and insomnia among adolescents and psychological distress in adulthood: prospective data from the population-based HUNT study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:143. [PMID: 34724961 PMCID: PMC8559387 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we examined the relationship between low levels of physical activity, high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and low consumption of whole grain bread and experiencing insomnia in adolescence and psychological distress in young adults. Methods This prospective study was based on information retrieved from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) in Norway and included adolescents (age 13–19) participating in Young-HUNT3 (2006–2008) and in HUNT4 (2017–2019) 11 years later (age 23–31). The study sample consisted of 2,230 participants (1,287 females and 943 males). The exposure variables collected in adolescence included self-reported physical activity, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and whole grain bread and insomnia, and psychological distress in young adulthood was used as an outcome variable. The relationship between lifestyle behaviours in adolescence and psychological distress in young adulthood was examined using multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for gender, age and psychological distress in adolescence and educational level in young adulthood. Results An increased odds of psychological distress was shown among young adults who reported low levels of physical activity (OR: 1.44, 95 % CI: 1.10–2.89), high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (OR: 1.49, 95 % CI: 1.12–1.98), low consumption of whole grain bread (OR: 1.35, 95 % CI: 1.04–1.77) and insomnia (OR: 1.69, 95 % CI: 1.23–2.33) in adolescence. In terms of absolute differences, unhealthy lifestyle behaviours increased the risk of psychological distress in young adulthood between 3.18 (95 % CI: 0.29–6.07) (low whole grain bread consumption) and 6.01 (95 % CI: 1.95–10.07) (insomnia) percentage points. Conclusions Low levels of physical activity, high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and low consumption of whole grain bread and insomnia during adolescence were associated with psychological distress in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Løvheim Kleppang
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Postboks 422 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Karin de Ridder
- Department of Epidemiology and public health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Siri Håvås Haugland
- Department of Psychosocial Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Tonje Holte Stea
- Department of Child and Adolescence Mental Health, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
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Chen SJ, Zhang JH, Li SX, Tsang CC, Chan KCC, Au CT, Li AM, Kong APS, Wing YK, Chan NY. The trajectories and associations of eveningness and insomnia with daytime sleepiness, depression and suicidal ideation in adolescents: A 3-year longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:533-542. [PMID: 34330050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eveningness and insomnia are highly comorbid and closely related to psychopathology in adolescents. We aimed to prospectively investigate the trajectories and associations of eveningness and insomnia with daytime functioning, depression and suicidal risk in adolescents. METHODS A 3-year longitudinal study was conducted among 414 Chinese adolescents. The associations of eveningness and insomnia with daytime functioning, depression and suicidal ideation were analyzed using logistic regressions. RESULTS The prevalence rates of eveningness were similar at baseline and follow-up (19.3% vs 22.5%; p = 0.27), while the prevalence of insomnia increased at follow-up (29.2% vs 40.8%; p < 0.001). Among those eveningness adolescents (n=80) at baseline, 46.2% remained as stable evening-type at follow-up, and among those insomnia adolescents (n=121) at baseline, 64.5% had persistent insomnia at follow-up. Logistic regressions showed that stable, incident, and resolved eveningness were associated with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) at follow-up, while only persistent and incident insomnia increased the risk of EDS. Persistent and incident insomnia, as well as stable eveningness were independently associated with depression at follow-up. Persistent and incident insomnia, but not eveningness, were associated with suicidal ideation. LIMITATIONS The outcome assessments were based on self-reported questionnaires and the sample size is modest. CONCLUSIONS Persistent eveningness and insomnia are significantly associated with greater risks of EDS and depression in adolescents, while both persistent and incident insomnia, but not eveningness, increased the risk of suicidal ideation. These findings underscore the importance of addressing sleep and circadian factors in the management of adolescent mood and daytime functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jing Chen
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ji-Hui Zhang
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shirley Xin Li
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Ching Tsang
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kate Ching Ching Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Ting Au
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Albert Martin Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alice Pik Shan Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Ngan Yin Chan
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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135
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Tan WJ, Ng MSL, Poon SH, Lee TS. Treatment Implications of Sleep-Related Problems in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2021; 54:659-664. [PMID: 34724133 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric anxiety disorders and sleep-related problems (SRPs) are highly prevalent and are associated with serious health or psychopathological consequences. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the current evidence of the associations between anxiety disorders and SRPs, to examine how this relationship may affect treatment, and to evaluate future directions for the field. Despite their strong bi-directional relationship, SRPs are often neglected in pediatric anxiety literature. There is little consensus on the conceptualization and related measurements of SRPs, which has led to methodological limitations and difficulties. Furthermore, available research suggests that anxiety treatment alone may be inadequate as clinically impairing SRPs were still present post-treatment, which may, in turn, diminish effects of therapy. Understanding the implications of the relationship between anxiety and SRPs on treatment outcomes may be helpful in recognizing opportunities for high impact and enduring interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Jie Tan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Melissa S L Ng
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Shi Hui Poon
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Tih Shih Lee
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
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136
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Wang S, Shi X, Wang Z, Li Z, Wang A, Jiang L, Fan F. Reciprocal relations between sleep and internalizing and externalizing problems: A cohort study of Chinese adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02373-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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137
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Rahimi-Eichi H, Coombs Iii G, Vidal Bustamante CM, Onnela JP, Baker JT, Buckner RL. Open-source Longitudinal Sleep Analysis From Accelerometer Data (DPSleep): Algorithm Development and Validation. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e29849. [PMID: 34612831 PMCID: PMC8529474 DOI: 10.2196/29849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wearable devices are now widely available to collect continuous objective behavioral data from individuals and to measure sleep. OBJECTIVE This study aims to introduce a pipeline to infer sleep onset, duration, and quality from raw accelerometer data and then quantify the relationships between derived sleep metrics and other variables of interest. METHODS The pipeline released here for the deep phenotyping of sleep, as the DPSleep software package, uses a stepwise algorithm to detect missing data; within-individual, minute-based, spectral power percentiles of activity; and iterative, forward-and-backward-sliding windows to estimate the major Sleep Episode onset and offset. Software modules allow for manual quality control adjustment of the derived sleep features and correction for time zone changes. In this paper, we have illustrated the pipeline with data from participants studied for more than 200 days each. RESULTS Actigraphy-based measures of sleep duration were associated with self-reported sleep quality ratings. Simultaneous measures of smartphone use and GPS location data support the validity of the sleep timing inferences and reveal how phone measures of sleep timing can differ from actigraphy data. CONCLUSIONS We discuss the use of DPSleep in relation to other available sleep estimation approaches and provide example use cases that include multi-dimensional, deep longitudinal phenotyping, extended measurement of dynamics associated with mental illness, and the possibility of combining wearable actigraphy and personal electronic device data (eg, smartphones and tablets) to measure individual differences across a wide range of behavioral variations in health and disease. A new open-source pipeline for deep phenotyping of sleep, DPSleep, analyzes raw accelerometer data from wearable devices and estimates sleep onset and offset while allowing for manual quality control adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habiballah Rahimi-Eichi
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Garth Coombs Iii
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Jukka-Pekka Onnela
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Justin T Baker
- Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Randy L Buckner
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States
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138
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Ling J, Lin X, Li X, Chan NY, Zhang J, Wing YK, Hu X, Li SX. Neural Response to Rewards in Youths with Insomnia. Sleep 2021; 45:6380671. [PMID: 34604904 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Insomnia and depression are common comorbid conditions in youths. Emerging evidence suggests that disrupted reward processing may be implicated in the association between insomnia and the increased risk for depression. Reduced reward positivity (RewP) as measured by event-related potential (ERP) has been linked to depression, but has not been tested in youths with insomnia. METHODS Twenty-eight participants with insomnia disorder and without any comorbid psychiatric disorders and 29 healthy sleepers aged between 15-24 completed a monetary reward task, the Cued Door task, whilst electroencephalographic activity was recorded. RewP (reward minus non-reward difference waves) was calculated as the mean amplitudes within 200ms to 300ms time window at FCz. Two analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were conducted with age as a covariate on RewP amplitude and latency, respectively. RESULTS Participants with insomnia had a significantly lower RewP amplitude regardless of cue types (Gain, Control, and Loss) than healthy sleepers, F (1, 51) = 4.95, p = .031, indicating blunted reward processing. On the behavioural level, healthy sleepers were more prudential (slower reaction time) in decision making towards Loss/Gain cues than their insomnia counterparts. Trial-by-trial behavioural adjustment analyses showed that, compared with healthy sleepers, participants with insomnia were less likely to dynamically change their choices in response to Loss cues. CONCLUSIONS Dysfunctional reward processing, coupled with inflexibility of behavioural adjustment in decision-making, is associated with insomnia disorder among youth, independent of mood disorders. Future studies with long-term follow-up are needed to further delineate the developmental trajectory of insomnia-related reward dysfunctions in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefan Ling
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong
| | - Xuanyi Lin
- The Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong
| | - Xiao Li
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong
| | - Ngan Yin Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Jihui Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.,Guang Dong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- The Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong.,The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
| | - Shirley Xin Li
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong.,The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
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139
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Jernslett M, Thackeray L, Orchard F, Midgley N. The experience of sleep problems for adolescents with depression in short-term psychological therapy. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2021; 26:938-953. [PMID: 33827392 DOI: 10.1177/13591045211006157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of literature demonstrates a strong relationship between sleep disturbances and depression in adolescence. In spite of this, few studies have explored how adolescents with depression experience sleep problems. The present study aimed to qualitatively explore the experience of sleep problems in adolescents with depression, including their understanding of how a psychological therapy impacted on these sleep difficulties. The sample included 12 adolescents with sleep disturbances who had been offered treatment for depression through a large, multi-centre, randomised controlled trial. Semi-structured interviews conducted after treatment and 1-year post treatment were analysed using thematic analysis. Two main themes were identified. Both themes demonstrated how an overarching desire to escape impacted the adolescents' sleep in distinct ways; 'thinking about the 'bad stuff'' was characterised by ruminative thinking, which prevented sleep, whereas 'sleep as an escape' indicated a desire to sleep excessively due to feelings of helplessness. Overall, the findings demonstrate a nuanced relationship between sleep and depression in adolescence, and imply that the underlying meaning of the sleep difficulties for each young person should be considered in the delivery of therapy for adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jernslett
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, UK.,Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
| | - Lisa Thackeray
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, UK.,Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
| | | | - Nick Midgley
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, UK.,Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
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140
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Babu Henry Samuel I, Breneman CB, Chun T, Hamedi A, Murphy R, Barrett JP. Compounding Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury, Military Status, and Other Factors on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A Meta-analysis. Mil Med 2021; 187:e589-e597. [PMID: 34557901 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usab377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injury (TBI) or concussion is a known risk factor for multiple adverse health outcomes, including disturbed sleep. Although prior studies show adverse effects of TBI on sleep quality, its compounding effect with other factors on sleep is unknown. This meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effects of TBI on subjective sleep quality in the context of military status and other demographic factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A programmatic search of PubMed database from inception to June 2020 was conducted to identify studies that compared subjective sleep quality measured using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in individuals with TBI relative to a control group. The meta-analysis included group-wise standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI. Pooled means and SDs were obtained for TBI and non-TBI groups with and without military service, and meta-regression was conducted to test for group effects. Exploratory analysis was performed to test for the effect of TBI, non-head injury, military status, sex, and age on sleep quality across studies. RESULTS Twenty-six articles were included, resulting in a combined total of 5,366 individuals (2,387 TBI and 2,979 controls). Overall, individuals with TBI self-reported poorer sleep quality compared to controls (SMD = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.45 to 0.80). Subgroup analysis revealed differences in the overall effect of TBI on PSQI, with a large effect observed in the civilian subgroup (SMD: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.57 to 1.03) and a medium effect in the civilian subgroup with orthopedic injuries (SMD: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.65) and military/veteran subgroup (SMD: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.71). Exploratory analysis revealed that age and history of military service significantly impacted global PSQI scores. CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality in TBI cohorts may be due to the influence of multiple factors. Military/veteran samples had poorer sleep quality compared to civilians even in the absence of TBI, possibly reflecting unique stressors associated with prior military experiences and the sequelae of these stressors or other physical and/or psychological traumas that combine to heightened vulnerability. These findings suggest that military service members and veterans with TBI are particularly at a higher risk of poor sleep and its associated adverse health outcomes. Additional research is needed to identify potential exposures that may further heighten vulnerability toward poorer sleep quality in those with TBI across both civilian and military/veteran populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immanuel Babu Henry Samuel
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Charity B Breneman
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Timothy Chun
- Department of Veterans Affairs, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Arghavan Hamedi
- Department of Veterans Affairs, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Rayelynn Murphy
- Cardiometabolic Health Unit, Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - John P Barrett
- Department of Veterans Affairs, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Washington, DC 20422, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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141
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Shinjyo N, Waddell G, Green J. Valerian Root in Treating Sleep Problems and Associated Disorders-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Evid Based Integr Med 2021; 25:2515690X20967323. [PMID: 33086877 PMCID: PMC7585905 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x20967323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep problems are widely prevalent and associated with various comorbidities including anxiety. Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is a popular herbal medicine used as a sleep aid, however the outcomes of previous clinical studies are inconsistent. This study was conducted to update and re-evaluate the available data in order to understand the reason behind the inconsistent outcomes and to provide a broader view of the use of valerian for associated disorders. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library were searched to retrieve publications relevant to the effectiveness of valerian as a treatment of sleep problems and associated disorders. A total of 60 studies (n=6,894) were included in this review, and meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the effectiveness to improve subjective sleep quality (10 studies, n=1,065) and to reduce anxiety (8 studies, n=535). Results suggested that inconsistent outcomes were possibly due to the variable quality of herbal extracts and that more reliable effects could be expected from the whole root/rhizome. In addition, therapeutic benefits could be optimized when it was combined with appropriate herbal partners. There were no severe adverse events associated with valerian intake in subjects aged between 7 and 80 years. In conclusion, valerian could be a safe and effective herb to promote sleep and prevent associated disorders. However, due to the presence of multiple active constituents and relatively unstable nature of some of the active constituents, it may be necessary to revise the quality control processes, including standardization methods and shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Shinjyo
- Department of Infection and Host Defence, Graduate School of Medicine, 12737Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Julia Green
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Life Sciences, 4921University of Westminster, London, UK
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142
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Liang K, de Lucena Martins CM, Chen ST, Clark CCT, Duncan MJ, Bu H, Huang L, Chi X. Sleep as a Priority: 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Mental Health of Chinese College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1166. [PMID: 34574940 PMCID: PMC8468601 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9091166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the combined role of 24-hour movement behaviors (sleep, sedentary behavior [SB], and physical activity) in adult mental health, though important, is in its infancy. In the context of Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines integrating quantitative recommendations for sleep, SB, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), this study aimed to examine the associations between meeting guidelines and mental health among college students. The study used a cross-sectional sample of 1846 Chinese college students surveyed online in August 2020. Through network analysis and multivariate analysis of covariance, the individual and combined associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and the levels of depression and anxiety after adjusting sociodemographic factors were analyzed. Results indicated that meeting the sleep guideline had stronger associations with depression and anxiety than meeting the SB or MVPA guideline. Specifically, compared to meeting no guidelines, meeting the sleep guideline (alone or in combination with other guidelines) was associated with significantly lower levels of depression and anxiety; meeting both SB and MVPA guidelines was also associated with a significantly lower level of depression. Hence, meeting more guidelines, especially adhering to a healthy sleep routine, may play an important role in promoting the mental health of young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Liang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (K.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure—CIAFEL, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto University, 4500 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58000-000, Brazil
| | - Si-Tong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne 8001, Australia;
| | - Cain Craig Truman Clark
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK; (C.C.T.C.); (M.J.D.)
| | - Michael Joseph Duncan
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK; (C.C.T.C.); (M.J.D.)
| | - He Bu
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Liuyue Huang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (K.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Xinli Chi
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (K.L.); (L.H.)
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143
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Bilsky SA, Luber MJ, Cloutier RM, Dietch JR, Taylor DJ, Friedman HP. Cigarette use, anxiety, and insomnia from adolescence to early adulthood: A longitudinal indirect effects test. Addict Behav 2021; 120:106981. [PMID: 33993036 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette use during adolescence has been linked to increased risk for insomnia symptoms, but limited work has examined factors that may account for this association. Adolescent cigarette use and anxiety symptoms characterized by physiological hyperarousal evidence bidirectional associations, as do anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptoms. This suggests that adolescent cigarette use, anxiety symptoms characterized by physiological hyperarousal, and insomnia symptoms may increase and maintain one another. The current study tests physiological hyperarousal anxiety symptoms as a potential indirect effect in the cigarette-insomnia symptoms link across adolescence and young adulthood. METHODS We examined data from adolescents and young adults from Waves 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 2,432 with full data). Insomnia symptoms were assessed at baseline (ages 12-16 years), 1 year later (13-17 years), and 14 years after baseline (26 - 30 years) among a nationally representative sample of adolescents. Cigarette use was assessed at baseline, 1 year later, 6 years after baseline, and 14 years after baseline. Anxiety symptoms were assessed at baseline and 1 year later. RESULTS Structural equation models indicated that anxiety symptoms exerted an indirect effect on the longitudinal associations between adolescent cigarette use and adult insomnia symptoms. Anxiety symptoms and cigarette use evidenced bidirectional associations during adolescence. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that increases in anxiety symptoms characterized by physiological hyperarousal may be one mechanism whereby cigarette use during adolescence is associated with increased insomnia symptoms during early adulthood. Prevention efforts aimed at reducing cigarette use during adolescence may have long term additional benefits for anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptoms.
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144
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Prevention of Depression in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: The Role of Teachers and Parents. PSYCHIATRY INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint2030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and other affective disorders may surreptitiously arise in children and adolescents during their school period and impair their social and educational functioning. Besides the social and personal burden, which are increased during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the onset of depression may compromise the future of the growing person with chronicity and recurrence. In this context, educators’ training is essential to detect early the onset of a depressive disorder, to spare later consequences through the timely establishment of adequate treatment. The educational staff should receive adequate training to be able to work closely with healthcare providers and parents, thus directing the young person with an affective disorder to the right psychological and pharmacological treatment provider, i.e., a specialized psychologist or psychiatrist. The first approach should be to establish a trustful relationship with the adolescent and his/her classmates, to reduce social and self-stigma and inform about mental illness. If symptoms do not subside and the suffering child or adolescent fails to reintegrate within his/her school environment, cognitive–behavioral interventions are recommended that are individual, group, or computer-based. When needed, these should be implemented with individualized pharmacotherapy.
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145
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Puzia ME, Huberty J, Eckert R, Larkey L, Mesa R. Associations Between Global Mental Health and Response to an App-Based Meditation Intervention in Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Patients. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 19:1534735420927780. [PMID: 32564631 PMCID: PMC7307391 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420927780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance are common
problems that greatly affect quality of life for many myeloproliferative
neoplasm (MPN) patients. App-based mindfulness meditation is a feasible
nonpharmacologic approach for managing symptoms. However, previous research has
not considered how patients’ overall mental health may influence their
responsiveness to these interventions. Objective: The purpose of
this study was to conduct an exploratory, secondary analysis of the effects of a
smartphone meditation app, Calm, on depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance
in MPN patients based on patients’ baseline levels of Global Mental Health
(GMH). Methods: Participants (N = 80) were a subset of MPN patients
from a larger feasibility study. Patients were enrolled into an intervention
(use Calm for 10 minutes daily for 4 weeks) or educational control group.
Results: In multilevel models, there were significant 3-way
interactions between time, group, and baseline GMH for depression and anxiety
symptoms, with participants in the meditation intervention who reported the
poorest baseline GMH experiencing the greatest reduction in symptoms over time.
For both intervention and control participants, poorer initial GMH was
associated with increases in sleep disturbance symptoms over time.
Conclusions: Mindfulness meditation apps, such as Calm, may be
effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms in MPN patients,
particularly for those experiencing mental health difficulties. Given the need
for accessible tools to self-manage chronic cancer–related symptoms, especially
strong negative emotions, these findings warrant larger efficacy studies to
determine the effects of app-based meditation for alleviating depression and
anxiety in cancer populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Puzia
- Behavioral Research and Analytics, LLC, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Ryan Eckert
- UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Ruben Mesa
- UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, San Antonio, TX, USA
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146
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Richardson C, Gradisar M. Depressed mood and repetitive negative thinking in Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder: Treatment effects and a comparison with good sleepers. J Sleep Res 2021; 31:e13452. [PMID: 34350657 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Circadian dysregulation and depressed mood commonly co-occur in young people, yet mechanisms linking Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase disorder (DSWPD) with depression are poorly understood. The present study aimed to examine the role of repetitive negative thinking (RNT), by comparing sleep, RNT and depressive symptomology between 40 'good' sleeping young people and 63 with DSWPD, with (n = 30) and without (n = 33) self-reported doctor-diagnosed depression. Secondary analysis from a randomised controlled trial was also undertaken to observe changes in depressive symptoms and RNT as a result of treatment for DSWPD. The 60 young people with DSWPD (mean [SD] age of 15.9 [2.2] years, 63% female) received either short (green) or long (red) wavelength bright light therapy (BLT) over 3 weeks. Cross-sectional baseline comparisons revealed an escalating pattern of worse sleep, more RNT and higher depressed mood scores in the DSWPD young people compared to good sleepers. Across all participants, RNT accounted for the associations between sleep-onset difficulties and depressed mood at baseline. Symptoms of depression, RNT and sleep onset difficulties in DSWPD individuals significantly improved after treatment (d = 0.47-0.65) and at the 1- (d = 0.43-1.00) and 3-month follow-up (d = 0.39-1.38), yet there were no differences between short- and long-wavelength BLT. Results provide preliminary evidence that RNT may link delayed sleep phase with depression. BLT conferred sleep benefits, but also improvements in depressed mood and RNT, and thus represents a potentially cost-effective strategy for young people experiencing delayed sleep phase and low mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cele Richardson
- School of Psychological Science, Centre for Sleep Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Gradisar
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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147
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Wallsten D, Norell-Clarke A, Alfonsson S, Gryphon D, Eriksson H, Tillfors M. Treating co-morbid insomnia and social anxiety disorder with sequential CBT protocols: a single-case experimental study. Behav Cogn Psychother 2021; 49:1-17. [PMID: 34240694 DOI: 10.1017/s1352465821000278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, no studies have yet evaluated the use of sequential evidence-based treatment protocols in the population with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the effects of sequential treatments on co-morbid insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder. As depression is a common co-morbid syndrome for both insomnia and social anxiety, a secondary aim was to examine depressive symptoms. METHOD A single-case repeated crossover AB design was used. Ten participants between 18 and 59 years of age with co-morbid DSM-5 diagnoses of insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder received sequential treatments with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Seven participants completed the treatment course. The primary outcomes were symptoms of insomnia and social anxiety, and the secondary outcome was symptoms of depression. RESULTS The effects of CBT on people with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder were mixed. The majority of participants improved their sleep quality and lessened symptoms of social anxiety and depression. However, participants differed in their degree of improvement concerning all three disorders. CONCLUSIONS Sequential CBT treatments are potentially effective at decreasing symptoms of social anxiety and insomnia for people with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder. The variation in outcome across participants makes firm conclusions about the treatment efficacy difficult to draw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wallsten
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Annika Norell-Clarke
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
- Faculty of Health and Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Sven Alfonsson
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, 113 64, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Gryphon
- Department of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, SE-70182Örebro, Sweden
| | - Hanna Eriksson
- Department of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, SE-70182Örebro, Sweden
| | - Maria Tillfors
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
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148
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Merhy G, Azzi V, Salameh P, Obeid S, Hallit S. Anxiety among Lebanese adolescents: scale validation and correlates. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:288. [PMID: 34158020 PMCID: PMC8218523 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Lebanese population has undergone several conflicts and were the most afflicted by shelling and chaos during the civil war from 1975 to 1990, or even by displacement, bereavement, emigration, family separations, not to mention the economic crises that have hit the country since 2019 under which young adults are still succumbing. Our study aims to validate the Lebanese Anxiety Scale and assess correlates of anxiety among Lebanese adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried between January and May 2019, using a proportionate random sampling of schools from all five Lebanese governorates, among which 1810 adolescents aged 14 to 17 years. RESULTS All LAS items remained in the model and formed one factor solution that explained 61.38% of the total variance (KMO = 0.873; pBartlett test < 0.001), with an excellent Cronbach's alpha of 0.93. Higher neglect (B = 0.38), insomnia (B = 0.21) and child psychological abuse (B = 0.08) were significantly associated with more anxiety. Those results were considered adjusted overall sociodemographic variables since the latter had no statistically significant association with anxiety. CONCLUSION The study confirmed the association between anxiety and some variables such as psychological child abuse, neglect, and insomnia and emphasized the correlation between anxiety and these factors. Further, the LAS appears to be a short, valid and efficient tool for assessing anxiety among Lebanese adolescents. Further studies need to be carried to evaluate whether the LAS-10 gives a similar diagnosis to psychiatrists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Merhy
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Vanessa Azzi
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Beirut, Lebanon.,University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. .,Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. .,INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.
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149
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Ling J, Lin X, Li X, Chan NY, Zhang J, Wing YK, Hu X, Li SX. Altered brain activity related to inhibitory processing in youth with insomnia. J Sleep Res 2021; 30:e13398. [PMID: 34137111 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Insomnia has been shown to negatively affect one's cognitive functioning. While there has been some evidence suggesting sleep disruption in relation to impaired inhibitory control, a major component of executive function, little is known about the underlying neural processing in insomnia. The current study aimed to examine the differences in the behavioral responses and electroencephalography (EEG) correlates of inhibitory control between youths with insomnia and healthy sleepers. Twenty-eight participants with insomnia disorder and 31 healthy sleeper controls aged between 15 and 25 completed the study. Electroencephalographic activity was recorded during the Cued Go/NoGo (CGNG) task, a task assessing inhibitory control. Although insomnia group exhibited comparable behavioral performance to the healthy sleeper group, they showed impaired attention preparation, as displayed by a smaller contingent negative variation (CNV) component (F = 4.10, p = 0.048) after cue onset; and demonstrated impaired inhibitory control, as evidenced by smaller N2 and theta power on 200-350 ms (MANCOVA multivariate Group effect, F = 5.85, p < 0.001). The results suggested that youths with insomnia demonstrated altered brain activity during inhibitory control, despite their comparable behavioral performance. Given that impaired inhibitory control is often implicated in psychopathology, future studies with a longitudinal design are needed to further explore the long-term impacts and trajectory of altered inhibitory control in youths with insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefan Ling
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xuanyi Lin
- The Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao Li
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ngan Yin Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jihui Zhang
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- The Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shirley Xin Li
- Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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150
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Gong L, Shi M, Wang J, Xu R, Yu S, Liu D, Ding X, Zhang B, Zhang X, Xi C. The Abnormal Functional Connectivity in the Locus Coeruleus-Norepinephrine System Associated With Anxiety Symptom in Chronic Insomnia Disorder. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:678465. [PMID: 34093121 PMCID: PMC8175797 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.678465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental syndromes such as anxiety and depression are common comorbidities in patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID). The locus coeruleus noradrenergic (LC-NE) system is considered to be crucial for modulation of emotion and sleep/wake cycle. LC-NE system is also a critical mediator of the stress-induced anxiety. However, whether the LC-NE system contributes to the underlying mechanism linking insomnia and these comorbidities remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the LC-NE system alterations in patients with insomnia and its relationship with depression and anxiety symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy patients with CID and 63 matched good sleep control (GSC) subjects were recruited and underwent resting-state functional MRI scan. LC-NE functional network was constructed by using seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis. The alterations in LC-NE FC network in patients with CID and their clinical significance was explored. RESULTS Compared with GSC group, the CID group showed decreased left LC-NE FC in the left inferior frontal gyrus, while they had increased LC-NE FC in the left supramarginal gyrus and the left middle occipital gyrus (MOG). For the right LC-NE FC network, decreased FC was found in left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Interesting, the increased LC-NE FC was located in sensory cortex, while decreased LC-NE FC was located in frontal control cortex. In addition, the FC between the left LC and left MOG was associated with the duration of the disease, while abnormal FC between right LC and left dACC was associated with the anxiety scores in patients with CID. CONCLUSION The present study found abnormal LC-NE functional network in patients with CID, and the altered LC-NE function in dACC was associated with anxiety symptoms in CID. The present study substantially extended our understanding of the neuropathological basis of CID and provided the potential treatment target for CID patients who also had anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gong
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ronghua Xu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyi Yu
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingping Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunhua Xi
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei, China
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