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Rudayni HA, Shemy MH, Aladwani M, Alneghery LM, Abu-Taweel GM, Allam AA, Abukhadra MR, Bellucci S. Synthesis and Biological Activity Evaluations of Green ZnO-Decorated Acid-Activated Bentonite-Mediated Curcumin Extract (ZnO@CU/BE) as Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Agents. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040198. [PMID: 37103288 PMCID: PMC10146122 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Green ZnO-decorated acid-activated bentonite-mediated curcumin extract (ZnO@CU/BE) was prepared as a multifunctional antioxidant and antidiabetic agent based on the extract of curcumin, which was used as a reducing and capping reagent. ZnO@CU/BE showed notably enhanced antioxidant properties against nitric oxide (88.6 ± 1.58%), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (90.2 ± 1.76%), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (87.3 ± 1.61%), and superoxide (39.5 ± 1.12%) radicals. These percentages are higher than the reported values of ascorbic acid as a standard and the integrated components of the structure (CU, BE/CU, and ZnO). This signifies the impact of the bentonite substrate on enhancing the solubility, stability, dispersion, and release rate of the intercalated curcumin-based phytochemicals, in addition to enhancing the exposure interface of ZnO nanoparticles. Therefore, effective antidiabetic properties were observed, with significant inhibition effects on porcine pancreatic α-amylase (76.8 ± 1.87%), murine pancreatic α-amylase (56.5 ± 1.67%), pancreatic α-glucosidase (96.5 ± 1.07%), murine intestinal α-glucosidase (92.5 ± 1.10%), and amyloglucosidase (93.7 ± 1.55%) enzymes. These values are higher than those determined using commercial miglitol and are close to the values measured using acarbose. Hence, the structure can be applied as an antioxidant and antidiabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ahmed Rudayni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa H Shemy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65211, Egypt
- Materials Technologies and Their Applications Lab, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65214, Egypt
| | - Malak Aladwani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina M Alneghery
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasem M Abu-Taweel
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 2079, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Allam
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mostafa R Abukhadra
- Materials Technologies and Their Applications Lab, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65214, Egypt
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65214, Egypt
| | - Stefano Bellucci
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via. E. Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
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102
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Bellucci S, Rudayni HA, Shemy MH, Aladwani M, Alneghery LM, Allam AA, Abukhadra MR. Synthesis and Characterization of Green Zinc-Metal-Pillared Bentonite Mediated Curcumin Extract (Zn@CN/BE) as an Enhanced Antioxidant and Anti-Diabetes Agent. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11040154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Green zinc-metal-pillared bentonite mediated curcumin extract (Zn@CN/BE) was synthesized and characterized as a low-cost and multifunctional (curcumin-based phytochemicals, zinc-capped curcumin, zinc/curcumin complexes, and zinc-pillared bentonite) antioxidant and antidiabetic agent with enhanced activity. The activities of the Zn@CN/BE structure were assessed in comparison with curcumin and ZnO as individual components and in the presence of miglitol and acarbose commercial drugs as controls. The structure validated remarkable antioxidant activities against the common oxidizing radicals (nitric oxide (94.7 ± 1.83%), DPPH (96.4 ± 1.63%), ABTS (92.8 ± 1.33%), and superoxide (62.3 ± 1.63 %)) and inhibition activities against the main oxidizing enzymes (porcine α-amylase (89.3 ± 1.13%), murine α-amylase (70.8 ± 1.54%), pancreatic α-Glucosidase (99.3 ± 1.23%), intestinal α-Glucosidase (97.7 ± 1.24%), and amyloglucosidase (98.4 ± 1.64%)). The reported activities are higher than the activities of individual components and the studied ascorbic acid as well as the commercial drugs. This enhancement effect was assigned to the impact of the zinc pillaring process within the curcumin/bentonite host, which induced the stability, dispersions, and interactive interface of the essential active compounds in addition to the solubility and release rate of the intercalated curcumin extract. This paper recommends the application of the Zn@CN/BE structure as an enhanced, low-cost, biocompatible, safe, and simply produced antioxidant and antidiabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bellucci
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Hassan Ahmed Rudayni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa H. Shemy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65211, Egypt
- Materials Technologies and Their Applications Lab, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65214, Egypt
| | - Malak Aladwani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina M. Alneghery
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Allam
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mostafa R. Abukhadra
- Materials Technologies and Their Applications Lab, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65214, Egypt
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65214, Egypt
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103
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St-Amant A, Bergdahl A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of probiotics on oxidative stress in healthy adults. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 54:180-186. [PMID: 36963861 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oxidative stress (OS) theory of disease stipulates that a chronic imbalance in the ratio of oxidants to antioxidants in the cellular environment leads to a variety of debilitating conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and liver diseases. Metabolites in the gut microbiome have been associated with increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have thus investigated the potential of probiotics as a nutraceutical intervention to improve parameters of OS. AIM The objective of this paper is to review relevant human RCTs exploring the potential of probiotic supplementation to prevent OS in metabolically healthy individuals. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021297210). The PubMed database was searched using keywords related to probiotics and OS. In total, out of the 652 studies were screened, 9 respected the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD: 0.83 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.25-1.40, p = 0.005) and glutathione (GSH) (SMD: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.13-0.77, p = 0.006) are improved with probiotic ingestion, although there are no alterations in superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SMD: 0.33, 95% CI: -0.27-0.93, p = 0.28). Decreases in plasma concentrations of the OS biomarker malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD: -0.55, 95% CI: -1.11-0.00, p = 0.05) are also detected. CONCLUSION Probiotics improve AS and OS in metabolically healthy individuals. However, more studies are needed to address the moderate to high degree of heterogeneity in methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine St-Amant
- Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, H4B 1R6, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology.
| | - Andreas Bergdahl
- Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, H4B 1R6, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology.
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Kabach I, Bouchmaa N, Zouaoui Z, Ennoury A, El Asri S, Laabar A, Oumeslakht L, Cacciola F, El Majdoub YO, Mondello L, Zyad A, Nhiri N, Nhiri M, Ben Mrid R. Phytochemical profile and antioxidant capacity, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Oxalis pes-caprae extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114393. [PMID: 36774725 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and its complications are closely correlated with chronic hyperglycemia, causing severe oxidative stress and leading to glycation reaction with formation of advanced glycation end products. However, medicinal plants are still a source of inspiration for the discovery of new treatments of several diseases, including diabetes. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of Oxalis pes-caprae flowers extract in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The phytochemical and antioxidant activities of both aqueous and methanolic extracts were assessed by in-vitro testing such as free radical scavenging assays (DPPH and ABTS+), ferrous ions (Fe2+) chelating activity and reducing power assay. Additionally, the detection of Amadori products and advanced glycation end products was used to determine the antiglycation potential. α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory assessment was employed to determine the antidiabetic effect, while alloxan-induced diabetic mice were used to measure the in-vivo activities of antioxidants and carbohydrates enzymes. The effect of the methanolic extract on body weight and blood glucose level of extract-treated diabetic mice were also investigated. Among the tested extract, the methanolic extract was the richest in phenolic compounds which is directly related with their remarkable antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and antiglycation activity. The oral administration of the two doses of Oxalis pes-caprae flowers (150 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg) daily for 3 weeks resulted in hypoglycemic effect compared to the reference drug, glibenclamide (10 mg/kg). Furthermore, the extract was shown to significantly increase the activities of antioxidants and glycolysis enzymes in the liver, kidney and spleen of diabetic mice, compared to diabetic control group. Therefore, Oxalis pes-caprae extract effectively exhibited hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effects as indicated by in-vitro and in-vivo studies, confirming the protective effects on hyperglycemia and oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Kabach
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco
| | - Najat Bouchmaa
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), UM6P-Faculty of Medical Sciences (UM6P-FMS), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco; Team of Experimental Oncology and Natural Substances, Cellular and Molecular Immuno-pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Zakia Zouaoui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco
| | - Abdelhamid Ennoury
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco
| | - Sara El Asri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco
| | - Abdelmounaim Laabar
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biopharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V of Rabat, Morocco
| | - Loubna Oumeslakht
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), UM6P-Faculty of Medical Sciences (UM6P-FMS), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Yassine Oulad El Majdoub
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; Department of Sciences and Technologies for Human and Environment, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Abdelmajid Zyad
- Team of Experimental Oncology and Natural Substances, Cellular and Molecular Immuno-pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Naima Nhiri
- Institute for the Chemistry of Natural Substances, CNRS, Paris Saclay University, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mohamed Nhiri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco
| | - Reda Ben Mrid
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco; Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), UM6P-Faculty of Medical Sciences (UM6P-FMS), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
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105
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Ahmad A, Nosheen F, Arshad MU, Saeed F, Afzaal M, Islam F, Imran A, Noreen R, Amer Ali Y, Shah MA. Isolation and antioxidant characterization of theaflavin for neuroprotective effect in mice model. Food Sci Nutr 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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106
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Wang H, Hu L, Li H, Lai YT, Wei X, Xu X, Cao Z, Cao H, Wan Q, Chang YY, Xu A, Zhou Q, Jiang G, He ML, Sun H. Mitochondrial ATP synthase as a direct molecular target of chromium(III) to ameliorate hyperglycaemia stress. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1738. [PMID: 36977671 PMCID: PMC10050403 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37351-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromium(III) is extensively used as a supplement for muscle development and the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, its mode of action, essentiality, and physiological/pharmacological effects have been a subject of scientific debate for over half a century owing to the failure in identifying the molecular targets of Cr(III). Herein, by integrating fluorescence imaging with a proteomic approach, we visualized the Cr(III) proteome being mainly localized in the mitochondria, and subsequently identified and validated eight Cr(III)-binding proteins, which are predominately associated with ATP synthesis. We show that Cr(III) binds to ATP synthase at its beta subunit via the catalytic residues of Thr213/Glu242 and the nucleotide in the active site. Such a binding suppresses ATP synthase activity, leading to the activation of AMPK, improving glucose metabolism, and rescuing mitochondria from hyperglycaemia-induced fragmentation. The mode of action of Cr(III) in cells also holds true in type II diabetic male mice. Through this study, we resolve the long-standing question of how Cr(III) ameliorates hyperglycaemia stress at the molecular level, opening a new horizon for further exploration of the pharmacological effects of Cr(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Ligang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Yau-Tsz Lai
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Xueying Wei
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Zhenkun Cao
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Huiming Cao
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, P.R. China
| | - Qianya Wan
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Yuen-Yan Chang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Liang He
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Hongzhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China.
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107
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Ramon P, Bergmann D, Abdulla H, Sparks J, Omoruyi F. Bioactive Ingredients in K. pinnata Extract and Synergistic Effects of Combined K. pinnata and Metformin Preparations on Antioxidant Activities in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Skeletal Muscle Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076211. [PMID: 37047182 PMCID: PMC10094480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With healthcare costs rising, many affected by ailments are turning to alternative medicine for treatment. More people are choosing to complement their pharmacological regimen with dietary supplements from natural products. In this study, the compound composition of Kalanchoe Pinnata (K. pinnata) and the effects of combined preparations of K. pinnata and metformin on antioxidant activity in human skeletal muscle myoblasts (HSMMs) and human diabetic skeletal muscle myoblasts (DHSMMs) were investigated. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography fusion orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-OT-FTMS) identified biologically active flavanols in K. pinnata. The main compounds identified in locally grown K. pinnata were quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and avicularin. Antioxidant results indicated that a combinatorial preparation of K. pinnata with metformin may modulate antioxidant responses by increasing the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase and increasing levels of reduced glutathione. A combination of 50 μM and 150 μg/mL of metformin and K. pinnata, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in reduced glutathione levels in non-diabetic and diabetic human skeletal muscle myoblasts and H2O2-stress-induced human skeletal muscle myoblasts. Additionally, a K. pinnata treatment (400 µg/mL) alone significantly increased catalase (CAT) activity for non-diabetic and diabetic human skeletal muscle myoblasts and a H2O2-stress-induced human skeletal muscle myoblast cell line, while significantly lowering malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. However, the treatment options were more effective at promoting cell viability after 24 h versus 72 h and did not promote cell viability after 72 h in H2O2-stress-induced HSMM cells. These treatment options show promise for treating oxidative-stress-mediated pathophysiological complications associated with type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ramon
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
| | - Daniela Bergmann
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
| | - Hussain Abdulla
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
| | - Jean Sparks
- Department of Health Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
| | - Felix Omoruyi
- Department of Health Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
- Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
- Correspondence:
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108
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Tiberi J, Cesarini V, Stefanelli R, Canterini S, Fiorenza MT, Rosa PL. Sex differences in antioxidant defence and the regulation of redox homeostasis in physiology and pathology. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 211:111802. [PMID: 36958540 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a term that defines a group of unstable compounds derived from exogenous sources or endogenous metabolism. Under physiological conditions, low levels of ROS play a key role in the regulation of signal transduction- or transcription-mediated cellular responses. In contrast, excessive and uncontrolled loading of ROS results in a pathological state known as oxidative stress (OS), a leading contributor to aging and a pivotal factor for the onset and progression of many disorders. Evolution has endowed cells with an antioxidant system involved in stabilizing ROS levels to a specific threshold, preserving ROS-induced signalling function and limiting negative side effects. In mammals, a great deal of evidence indicates that females defence against ROS is more proficient than males, determining a longer lifespan and lower incidence of most chronic diseases. In this review, we will summarize the most recent sex-related differences in the regulation of redox homeostasis. We will highlight the peculiar aspects of the antioxidant defence in sex-biased diseases whose onset or progression is driven by OS, and we will discuss the molecular, genetic, and evolutionary determinants of female proficiency to cope with ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Tiberi
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; PhD program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeriana Cesarini
- Department of Biomedicine Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Stefanelli
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Canterini
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; European Center for Brain Research, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorenza
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; European Center for Brain Research, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio La Rosa
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; European Center for Brain Research, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
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109
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Dludla PV, Mabhida SE, Ziqubu K, Nkambule BB, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Hanser S, Basson AK, Pheiffer C, Kengne AP. Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes: Implications of inflammation and oxidative stress. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:130-146. [PMID: 37035220 PMCID: PMC10075035 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i3.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction are major pathological mechanisms implicated in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Beyond the detrimental effects of insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress have emerged as critical features of T2D that define β-cell dysfunction. Predominant markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-1β are consistently associated with β-cell failure in preclinical models and in people with T2D. Similarly, important markers of oxidative stress, such as increased reactive oxygen species and depleted intracellular antioxidants, are consistent with pancreatic β-cell damage in conditions of T2D. Such effects illustrate a pathological relationship between an abnormal inflammatory response and generation of oxidative stress during the progression of T2D. The current review explores preclinical and clinical research on the patho-logical implications of inflammation and oxidative stress during the development of β-cell dysfunction in T2D. Moreover, important molecular mechanisms and relevant biomarkers involved in this process are discussed to divulge a pathological link between inflammation and oxidative stress during β-cell failure in T2D. Underpinning the clinical relevance of the review, a systematic analysis of evidence from randomized controlled trials is covered, on the potential therapeutic effects of some commonly used antidiabetic agents in modulating inflammatory makers to improve β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa
| | - Sihle E Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | | | - Sidney Hanser
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Albert Kotze Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa
| | - Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Andre Pascal Kengne
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7500, South Africa
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
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110
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Han M, Yang F, Zhang K, Ni J, Zhao X, Chen X, Zhang Z, Wang H, Lu J, Zhang Y. Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Diabetic Activities of Tectona grandis Methanolic Extracts, Fractions, and Isolated Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030664. [PMID: 36978912 PMCID: PMC10044725 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tectona grandis is a traditional Dai medicine plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family, which can be used to treat malaria, inflammation, diabetes, liver disease, bronchitis, tumors, cholelithiasis, jaundice, skin disease and as an anti-helminthic. To find more novel therapeutic agents contained in this medicinal plant, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities of T. grandis methanolic extract, fractions and compounds were evaluated. In this study, 26 compounds were isolated from the leaves and branches of T. grandis. Their structures were identified based on extensive spectral experiments, including NMR, ESI-MS and comparison with published spectral data. Among them, compounds 1–2, 4–6, 9–14 and 16–22 were reported for the first time for this plant. The antioxidant activity screening results showed that compounds 5, 15 and 23 had potent antioxidant capacities, with SC50 values from 0.32 to 9.92 µmol/L, 0.92 to 1.10 mmol Trolox/L and 1.02 to 1.22 mmol Trolox/L for DPPH, ABTS and FRAP, respectively. In addition, their anti-inflammatory effects were investigated by releasing TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 through the use of mouse monocytic macrophages (RAW 264.7). Compounds 1, 13, 18 and 23 had the effects of reducing the expression of inflammatory factors. Compounds 13 and 18 were reported for the first time for their anti-inflammatory activities. Furthermore, the methanolic extract (ME), petroleum ether extract (PEE) and EtOAc extract (EAE) of T. grandis showed significant glucose uptake activities; compounds 21 and 23 significantly promoted glucose uptake of 3T3-L1 adipocytes at 40 µM. Meanwhile, compounds 4, 5 and 7 showed significant inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 14.16 ± 0.34 µmol/L, 19.29 ± 0.26 µmol/L and 3.04 ± 0.08 µmol/L, respectively. Compounds 4 and 5 were reported for the first time for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Our investigation explored the possible therapeutic material basis of T. grandis to prevent oxidative stress and related diseases, especially inflammation and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Han
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fengxian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiyan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Xuelin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhennan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hanlei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-871-6511-2766
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Seksaria S, Mehan S, Dutta BJ, Gupta GD, Ganti SS, Singh A. Oxymatrine and insulin resistance: Focusing on mechanistic intricacies involve in diabetes associated cardiomyopathy via SIRT1/AMPK and TGF-β signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23330. [PMID: 36890713 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (CDM) and related morbidity and mortality are increasing at an alarming rate, in large part because of the increase in the number of diabetes mellitus cases. The clinical consequence associated with CDM is heart failure (HF) and is considerably worse for patients with diabetes mellitus, as compared to nondiabetics. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by structural and functional malfunctioning of the heart, which includes diastolic dysfunction followed by systolic dysfunction, myocyte hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunctional remodeling, and myocardial fibrosis. Indeed, many reports in the literature indicate that various signaling pathways, such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β/smad pathways, are involved in diabetes-related cardiomyopathy, which increases the risk of functional and structural abnormalities of the heart. Therefore, targeting these pathways augments the prevention as well as treatment of patients with DCM. Alternative pharmacotherapy, such as that using natural compounds, has been shown to have promising therapeutic effects. Thus, this article reviews the potential role of the quinazoline alkaloid, oxymatrine obtained from the Sophora flavescensin CDM associated with diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies have given a therapeutic glimpse of the role of oxymatrine in the multiple secondary complications related to diabetes, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, stroke, and cardiovascular complications via reductions in oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation, which might be due to targeting signaling pathways, such as AMPK, SIRT1, PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β pathways. Thus, these pathways are considered central regulators of diabetes and its secondary complications, and targeting these pathways with oxymatrine might provide a therapeutic tool for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes-associated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Seksaria
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Bhaskar J Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam D Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Subrahmanya S Ganti
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Amrita Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
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Antigenotoxic properties of the halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. highlight its potential to mitigate oxidative stress-related damage. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3727. [PMID: 36878934 PMCID: PMC9988880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20402-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term exposure to dietary xenobiotics can induce oxidative stress in the gastrointestinal tract, possibly causing DNA damage and contributing to the initiation of carcinogenesis. Halophytes are exposed to constant abiotic stresses, which are believed to promote the accumulation of antioxidant metabolites like polyphenols. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antigenotoxic properties of the ethanol extract of the aerial part of the halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. (PME), which can represent a dietary source of bioactive compounds with potential to attenuate oxidative stress-related damage. The PME exhibited a high antioxidant potential, revealed by the in vitro capacity to scavenge the free radical DPPH (IC50 = 2.29 ± 0.10 μg/mL) and the improved viability of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae under oxidative stress (p < 0.001, 10 min). An antigenotoxic effect of PME against H2O2-induced oxidative stress was found in S. cerevisiae (p < 0.05) with the dominant deletion assay. In vitro colorimetric assays and LC-DAD-ESI/MSn analysis showed that PME is a polyphenol-rich extract composed of catechin, (epi)catechin dimer and trimers, quercetin and myricetin glycosides. Hence, P. maritimum is a source of antioxidant and antigenotoxic metabolites for application in industries that develop products to provide health benefits.
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Visnagin Attenuates Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Pregnant Rats via Regulating Dyslipidemia, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Response. Pharmacogn Mag 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/09731296221137440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance only diagnosed during pregnancy. GDM has exhibited several adverse effects on both mother and offspring. The current research focuses on discovering visnagin’s beneficial properties against the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced GDM in rats via alleviating the inflammation and oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: GDM was caused in the pregnant rats by the administration of 25 mg/kg of STZ by the intraperitoneal route and then treated with 20 mg/kg of visnagin for 20 consecutive days. The rats’ body weight was measured, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) status was determined using a standard glucometer. The contents of total cholesterol (TCh), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were assessed using kits. The MDA level, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) status, and activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were determined using assay kits. Kits also assessed the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β. The contents of TNF-α and IL-1β effectively improved the body weight and decreased the FBG status in the GDM rats. The visnagin also decreased the TCh, TG, and LDL, and elevated the HDL content. The content of MDA was decreased and the visnagin treatment increased SOD, CAT, GST, and GPx, and the visnagin treatment increased SOD, CAT, GST, and GPx activities SOD, CAT, GST, and GPx activities. The visnagin effectively decreased the STZ-induced histopathological alterations in the pancreas. Conclusion: Altogether, our investigation results suggest a beneficial role visnagin against STZ-induced GDM in rats via inhibiting the inflammatory responses. Hence, it can be a talented therapeutic candidate for the successful management of GDM.
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Relevance of Indian traditional tisanes in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:626-638. [PMID: 37181144 PMCID: PMC10172608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tisanes are a potential source of phytochemicals to reduce disease risk conditions and are used to protect from non-communicable diseases, globally. A few tisanes have gained more popularity than others depending on their chemical composition based on the geographical origin of the used herb. Several Indian tisanes have been claimed to have traits beneficial to people with or at a high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Under the concept, the literature was reviewed and compiled into a document to highlight the chemical uniqueness of popular Indian traditional tisanes to be more informative and potent as per modern medicine to overcome type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods An extensive literature survey was conducted using computerized database search engines, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EMBASE (Excerpta Medica database) for herbs that have been described for hyperglycemia, and involved reaction mechanism, in-vivo studies as well as clinical efficacies published since 2001 onwards using certain keywords. Compiled survey data used to make this review and all findings on Indian traditional antidiabetic tisanes are tabulated here. Results Tisanes render oxidative stress, counter the damage by overexposure of free radicals to the body, affect enzymatic activities, enhance insulin secretion, etc. The active molecules of tisanes also act as anti-allergic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antithrombotic, antiviral, antimutagenicity, anti-carcinogenicity, antiaging effects, etc. WHO also has a strategy to capitalize on the use of herbals to keep populations healthy through effective and affordable alternative means with robust quality assurance and strict adherence to the product specification.
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Kamimura N, Wolf AM, Yokota T, Nito C, Takahashi H, Ohta S. Transgenic type2 diabetes mouse models for in vivo redox measurement of hepatic mitochondrial oxidative stress. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130302. [PMID: 36577487 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is involved in the progression of diabetes and its associated complications. However, it is unclear whether increased oxidative stress plays a primary role in the onset of diabetes or is a secondary indicator caused by tissue damage. Previous methods of analyzing oxidative stress have involved measuring the changes in oxidative stress biomarkers. Our aim is to identify a novel approach to clarify whether oxidative stress plays a primary role in the onset of diabetes. METHODS We constructed transgenic type 2 diabetes mouse models expressing redox-sensitive green fluorescent proteins (roGFPs) that distinguished between mitochondria and whole cells. Pancreas, liver, skeletal muscle, and kidney redox states were measured in vivo. RESULTS Hepatic mitochondrial oxidation increased when the mice were 4 weeks old and continued to increase in an age-dependent manner. The increase in hepatic mitochondrial oxidation occurred simultaneously with weight gain and increased blood insulin levels before the blood glucose levels increased. Administering the oxidative stress inducer acetaminophen increased the vulnerability of the liver mitochondria to oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that oxidative stress in liver mitochondria in mice begins at the onset of diabetes rather than after the disease has progressed. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE RoGFP-expressing transgenic type 2 diabetes mouse models are effective and convenient tools for measuring hepatic mitochondrial redox statuses in vivo. These models may be used to assess mitochondria-targeting antioxidants and establish the role of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Kamimura
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory for Clinical Research, Collaborative Research Center, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Alexander M Wolf
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Nito
- Laboratory for Clinical Research, Collaborative Research Center, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Clinical Research, Collaborative Research Center, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Ohta
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurology Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Putra IMWA, Fakhrudin N, Nurrochmad A, Wahyuono S. A Review of Medicinal Plants with Renoprotective Activity in Diabetic Nephropathy Animal Models. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020560. [PMID: 36836916 PMCID: PMC9963806 DOI: 10.3390/life13020560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), also recognized as diabetic kidney disease, is a kidney malfunction caused by diabetes mellitus. A possible contributing factor to the onset of DN is hyperglycemia. Poorly regulated hyperglycemia can damage blood vessel clusters in the kidneys, leading to kidney damage. Its treatment is difficult and expensive because its causes are extremely complex and poorly understood. Extracts from medicinal plants can be an alternative treatment for DN. The bioactive content in medicinal plants inhibits the progression of DN. This work explores the renoprotective activity and possible mechanisms of various medicinal plant extracts administered to diabetic animal models. Research articles published from 2011 to 2022 were gathered from several databases including PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect to ensure up-to-date findings. Results showed that medicinal plant extracts ameliorated the progression of DN via the reduction in oxidative stress and suppression of inflammation, advanced glycation end-product formation, cell apoptosis, and tissue injury-related protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra
- Department of Biology, University of Dhyana Pura, Badung 80351, Indonesia
- Doctorate Program of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Nanang Fakhrudin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Correspondence:
| | - Arief Nurrochmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Subagus Wahyuono
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Altunina N, Bondarchuk O. EFFECTS OF ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID ON GLYCEMIC STATUS IN 2 TYPE DIABETES PATIENTS WITH СHRONIC CORONARY SYNDROME. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 75:3074-3079. [PMID: 36723330 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202212131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To study the possibilities of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) to control the parameters of carbohydrate metabolism. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: We examined 80 people with type 2 DM and coronary heart disease who suffered non-Q-myocardial infarction (non-Q-MI). All patients at the time of inclusion in the study received oral hypoglycemic agents, ACE inhibitor, β-blocker, statin and antiplatelet agent. 600 mg of ALA per day for 4 months was added to this treatment. After checking the patients for compliance with the criteria, they were divided into the main and experimental groups. The dosage of alpha-lipoic acid was determined for each of the groups. The results of the treatment were analyzed by determining the mean and standard deviations. RESULTS Results: At the end of the observation period, a significant decrease in the level of fasting glucose (FG) by 11.6% was found, which corresponded to the average size of the clinical effect. The values of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the insulin resistance index HOMA (HOMA-IR) showed only a tendency to decrease on the background of treatment. The effect of ALA on postprandial glycemia (PPG) and insulin levels was not detected in this study. CONCLUSION Conclusions: An additional 4-month dose of ALA in addition to baseline therapy showed a moderate effect on the decrease in FG concentration in the absence of significant dynamics in other parameters of glycemic control in the examined patients.
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Elgarawany GE, Badawy AD, Hazzaa SM. Co Q10 improves vascular reactivity in male diabetic rats by enhancing insulin sensitivity and antioxidant effect. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:108-115. [PMID: 32718232 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1798465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the main player in the development of diabetic vascular complications. Co-Q10 is a natural antioxidant present in the body and in many foods. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Co-Q10 administration to improve vascular complications and increase insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats. Fifty male rats were divided into five groups: control, diabetic untreated, diabetic insulin-treated, diabetic Co-Q10-treated, and diabetic combined-treated groups. After 8 weeks, blood pressure and vascular reactivity to NE and ACh, fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide, MDA, TAC, HbA1c, and the HOMA-IR were measured. Diabetes increased fasting glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, MDA, blood pressure, and decreased TAC and vascular reactivity. Ttreatment with insulin or Co-Q10 improved glycemic parameters and increasing antioxidant levels compared to diabetic group. Combined Co-Q10 with insulin was found to increase insulin sensitivity and decrease its resistance, which helps to decrease insulin doses in diabetic patients and reduce its side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada E Elgarawany
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen El Kom, Egypt
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Ahmed Desoky Badawy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, 6 October University, 6 October City, Egypt
| | - Suzan M Hazzaa
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen El Kom, Egypt
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Attenuation of hyperglycemia-associated dyslipidemic, oxidative, cognitive, and inflammatory crises via modulation of neuronal ChEs/NF-κB/COX-2/NOx, and hepatorenal functional deficits by the Tridax procumbens extract. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114114. [PMID: 36525818 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tridax procumbens (cotton buttons) is a flowering plant with a medicinal reputation for treating infections, wounds, diabetes, and liver and kidney diseases. The present research was conducted to evaluate the possible protective effects of the T. procumbens methanolic extract (TPME) on an experimentally induced type 2 diabetes rat model. Wistar rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes were randomly allocated into five groups of five animals each, viz., a normal glycemic group (I), diabetic rats receiving distilled water group (II), diabetic rats with 150 (III) and 300 mg/kg of TPME (IV) groups, and diabetic rats with 100 mg/kg metformin group (V). All treatments were administered for 21 consecutive days through oral gavage. Results: Administration of the T. procumbens extract to diabetic rats significantly restored alterations in levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight loss, serum and pancreatic insulin levels, and pancreatic histology. Furthermore, T. procumbens significantly attenuated the dyslipidemia (increased cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in diabetic rats), serum biochemical alterations (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine phosphatase (ALP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, uric acid, and urea) and full blood count distortion in rats with STZ-induced diabetes. The TPME also improved the antioxidant status as evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA); and decreased levels of cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)), and proinflammatory mediators including nuclear factor (NF)-κB, cyclooxygenase (COX)- 2, and nitrogen oxide (NOx) in the brain of rats with STZ-induced diabetes compared to rats with STZ-induced diabetes that received distilled water. However, TPME treatment failed to attenuate the elevated monoamine oxidases and decreased dopamine levels in the brain of rats with STZ-induced diabetes. Extract characterization by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) identified isorhamnetin (retention time (RT)= 3.69 min, 8.8%), bixin (RT: 25.06 min, 4.72%), and lupeol (RT: 25.25 min, 2.88%) as the three most abundant bioactive compounds that could be responsible for the bioactivity of the plant. In conclusion, the TPME can be considered a promising alternative therapeutic option for managing diabetic complications owing to its antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects in rats with STZ-prompted diabetes.
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Salau VF, Erukainure OL, Koorbanally NA, Islam MS. Kolaviron modulates dysregulated metabolism in oxidative pancreatic injury and inhibits intestinal glucose absorption with concomitant stimulation of muscle glucose uptake. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:157-167. [PMID: 32799570 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1806331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This present study investigated the antioxidative and antidiabetic properties of kolaviron by analysing its inhibitory effect on key metabolic activities linked to T2D, in vitro and ex vivo. Kolaviron significantly inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, and intestinal glucose absorption dose-dependently, while promoting muscle glucose uptake. Induction of oxidative pancreatic injury significantly depleted glutathione level, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ATPase activities, while elevating malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, acetylcholinesterase and chymotrypsin activities. These levels and activities were significantly reversed in tissues treated with kolaviron. Kolaviron depleted oxidative-induced metabolites, with concomitant restoration of oxidative-depleted metabolites. It also inactivated oxidative-induced ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, fructose and mannose metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism, while reactivating selenocompound metabolism. These results depict the antidiabetic properties of kolaviron as indicated by its ability to attenuate oxidative-induced enzyme activities and dysregulated metabolisms, and modulated the enzyme activities linked to hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica F Salau
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, Veritas University, Bwari, Nigeria
| | - Ochuko L Erukainure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Neil A Koorbanally
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Shokri A, Pourheydar B, Hossein Farjah G, Krimipour M, Pourheydar M. Effects of glibenclamide and troxerutin on the sperm parameters and histopathological changes of testis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2023; 21:123-138. [PMID: 37034291 PMCID: PMC10073866 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v21i2.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is a major contributor to diabetes mellitus (DM), which leads to testicular damage and infertility. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of glibenclamide (GL) as a chemical medicine and troxerutin (TR) as an herbal agent on sperm parameters and histopathological changes of testis in diabetic male rats. Materials and Methods Forty male Wistar rats (230-260 gr) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8/each), including control, diabetic (D), GL, TR, and GL+TR. DM was induced by the administration of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin intraperitoneally. The groups were treated with 5 mg/kg/day of GL or 150 mg/kg/day of TR via oral gavage for 4 wk. In the final stage of the treatment, blood sampling was done for biochemical analysis. The rats were then sacrificed and their left testis and epididymis were dissected for sperm analysis, histopathology, and morphometric assessment. Results A significant decrease in the number, motility, viability, maturity, and chromatin quality of sperm was found in diabetic rats compared to control group. (p < 0.001). DM also increased the malondialdehyde level and decreased the level of the serum's total antioxidant capacity compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, we observed a significant difference in seminiferous tubule diameter, germinal epithelium height, and testicular histological abnormalities in diabetic rats compared to control group (p < 0.001). Administration of GL, TR, and their combination improved the above-mentioned parameters, and treatment with TR provided a higher improvement (p < 0.001). Conclusion According to these findings, it can be concluded that TR plays a more influential role than GL to treat diabetic-induced infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aynaz Shokri
- Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bagher Pourheydar
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Gholam Hossein Farjah
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Krimipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Pourheydar
- Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Viglianisi G, Tartaglia GM, Santonocito S, Amato M, Polizzi A, Mascitti M, Isola G. The Emerging Role of Salivary Oxidative Stress Biomarkers as Prognostic Markers of Periodontitis: New Insights for a Personalized Approach in Dentistry. J Pers Med 2023; 13:166. [PMID: 36836401 PMCID: PMC9964692 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a multifactorial and infective oral disease that leads to the destruction of periodontal tissues and tooth loss. Although the treatment of periodontitis has improved recently, the effective treatment of periodontitis and the periodontitis-affected periodontal tissues is still a challenge. Therefore, exploring new therapeutic strategies for a personalized approach is urgent. For this reason, the aim of this study is to summarize recent advances and the potential of oxidative stress biomarkers in the early diagnosis and personalized therapeutic approaches in periodontitis. Recently, ROS metabolisms (ROMs) have been studied in the physiopathology of periodontitis. Different studies show that ROS plays a crucial role in periodontitis. In this regard, the reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) started to be searched for the measures of the oxidizing capacity of the plasma understood as the total content of oxygen free radicals (ROS). The oxidizing capacity of plasma is a significant indicator of the body's oxidant state as well as homocysteine (Hcy), sulfur amino acid, which has pro-oxidant effects as it favors the production of superoxide anion. More specifically, the thioredoxin (TRX) and peroxiredoxin (PRX) systems control reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydroxyl species, to transduce redox signals and change the activities of antioxidant enzymes to remove free radicals. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), among other antioxidant enzymes, change their activity when ROS are produced in order to neutralize free radicals. The TRX system is triggered and transduces redox signals to do this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Viglianisi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- Section of Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Mariacristina Amato
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Mascitti
- Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
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Ilias I, Milionis C, Zabuliene L, Rizzo M. Does Iodine Influence the Metabolism of Glucose? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020189. [PMID: 36837391 PMCID: PMC9966122 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid function and glucose status are linked; experimental, clinical, and epidemiological studies have shown this. Iodine is a vital trace element that is inextricably linked to thyroid hormone synthesis. The latter is also associated with glucose metabolism and diabetes. Recently, some-but not all-studies have shown that iodine is linked to glucose metabolism, glucose intolerance, impaired fasting glucose, prediabetes, diabetes mellitus, or gestational diabetes. In this concise review, we review these studies, focusing on iodine and glucose metabolism and prediabetic conditions or type 2 diabetes mellitus. The potential beneficial effect of iodine on glucose metabolism may be attributed to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Ilias
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Elena Venizelou Hospital, GR-11521 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Charalampos Milionis
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Elena Venizelou Hospital, GR-11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Lina Zabuliene
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio St. 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 141, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Antioxidants: Structure-activity of plant polyphenolics. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2023; 121:395-411. [PMID: 36707141 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/free radicals can lead to abnormal oxidation of biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, fats, carbohydrates and nucleic acids in human organisms. Accordingly, endogenous oxidative stress induces the progressive development of various chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, cancers, cardiovascular risks, diabetes, digestive ulcers, hypertension, obesity, neurological disorders, and age-related complications. Therefore, anti-oxidant defense mechanisms are needed to control/prevent the unbalanced molecular oxidative damage. Indeed, the oxidative stress arises from both endogenous and exogenous factors such as smoking, alcohol, medications, air pollution, sunlight, lifestyle disorders, and metabolic processes. Therefore, consumption of fruits, vegetables, grains, beverages, and leafy vegetables rich in antioxidants may inhibit or treat oxidative damage accompanying diseases. From this aspect, dietary foods are rich in various antioxidant metabolites such as flavonoids, vitamin A, C, E, phenolic acids, curcumin, stilbenes, anthocyanins, etc., which promote healthy life and nutritional benefits. Additionally, various studies have also proven that foods rich in antioxidants interact with reactive species to prevent cell damage(s) or therapeutic pathways for diseases. Although, there are various myths about the antioxidant mechanism(s), the optimal dosage of antioxidants can show beneficial pharmacological activities against various molecular oxidation paths.
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Sahoo DK, Chainy GBN. Hormone-linked redox status and its modulation by antioxidants. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2023; 121:197-246. [PMID: 36707135 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hormones have been considered as key factors involved in the maintenance of the redox status of the body. We are making considerable progress in understanding interactions between the endocrine system, redox status, and oxidative stress with the dynamics of life, which encompasses fertilization, development, growth, aging, and various pathophysiological states. One of the reasons for changes in redox states of vertebrates leading to oxidative stress scenario is the disruption of the endocrine system. Comprehending the dynamics of hormonal status to redox state and oxidative stress in living systems is challenging. It is more difficult to come to a unifying conclusion when some hormones exhibit oxidant properties while others have antioxidant features. There is a very limited approach to correlate alteration in titers of hormones with redox status and oxidative stress with growth, development, aging, and pathophysiological stress. The situation is further complicated when considering various tissues and sexes in vertebrates. This chapter discusses the beneficial impacts of hormones with antioxidative properties, such as melatonin, glucagon, insulin, estrogens, and progesterone, which protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce pathophysiological effects. Additionally, we discuss the protective effects of antioxidants like vitamins A, E, and C, curcumin, tempol, N-acetyl cysteine, α-lipoic acid, date palm pollen extract, resveratrol, and flavonoids on oxidative stress triggered by hormones such as aldosterone, glucocorticoids, thyroid hormones, and catecholamines. Inflammation, pathophysiology, and the aging process can all be controlled by understanding how antioxidants and hormones operate together to maintain cellular redox status. Identifying the hormonal changes and the action of antioxidants may help in developing new therapeutic strategies for hormonal imbalance-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa States University, Ames, IA, United States.
| | - Gagan B N Chainy
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Konjac Glucomannan: An Emerging Specialty Medical Food to Aid in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020363. [PMID: 36673456 PMCID: PMC9858196 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many factors causing T2DM; thus, it is difficult to prevent and cure it with conventional treatment. In order to realize the continuous intervention of T2DM, the treatment strategy of combining diet therapy and traditional medication came into being. As a natural product with the concept of being healthy, konjac flour and its derivatives are popular with the public. Its main component, Konjac glucomannan (KGM), can not only be applied as a food additive, which greatly improves the taste and flavor of food and extends the shelf life of food but also occupies an important role in T2DM. KGM can extend gastric emptying time, increase satiety, and promote liver glycogen synthesis, and also has the potential to improve intestinal flora and the metabolic system through a variety of molecular pathways in order to positively regulate oxidative stress and immune inflammation, and protect the liver and kidneys. In order to establish the theoretical justification for the adjunctive treatment of T2DM, we have outlined the physicochemical features of KGM in this article, emphasizing the advantages of KGM as a meal for special medical purposes of T2DM.
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Rasheed A, Hussain S, Mushtaq W, Zubair M, Siddique K, Attia K, Khan N, Fiaz S, Azeem F, Chen Y. Application of silver nanoparticles synthesized through varying biogenic and chemical methods for wastewater treatment and health aspects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-022-24761-4. [PMID: 36622618 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24761-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology uses biological and non-biological materials to create new systems at the nanoscale level. In recent years, the use of silver nanomaterials has attracted worldwide attention thanks to their wide range of applications as catalysts in several environmental processes including the degradation of organic pollutants and medicinal biotechnology. This study reports the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through different methods including the biogenic methods based on leaf extract of Conocarpus erectus and a bacterial strain Pseudomonas sp. as well as chemically based abiotic method and comparison of their dye degradation potential. The synthesis of AgNPs in all samples was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy peaks at 418-420 nm. Using scanning electrom microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray differaction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the biologically synthesized AgNPs were characterized as spherical shape of material with capping proteins that were involved in the stabilization of nanoparticles (NPs). The biologically synthesized AgNPs showed higher degradation (< 90%) of dyes as compared to chemically synthesized NPs. A prominent reduction of total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in textile wastewater spiked with reactive black 5 and reactive red 120 was observed by biologically synthesized AgNPs. AgNPs synthesized by Conocarpus erectus and Pseudomonas sp. also showed better characteristic anticancer and antidiabetic activities as compared to chemically synthesized ones. The results of this study suggested that C. erectus and Pseudomonas sp. based AgNPs can be exploited as an eco-friendly and cost-efficient materials to treat the wastewater and potential other polluted environments as well as to serve the medicinal field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asima Rasheed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Waseem Mushtaq
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Liège University, Agrobiotech, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Khadija Siddique
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kotb Attia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.
| | - Farrukh Azeem
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Yinglong Chen
- School of Agriculture and Environment, UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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128
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New Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using a Novel Bipyrazole Compound. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020267. [PMID: 36672202 PMCID: PMC9856649 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
2',3,3,5'-Tetramethyl-4'-nitro-2'H-1,3'-bipyrazole (TMNB) is a novel bipyrazole compound with unknown therapeutic potential in diabetes mellitus. This study aims to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of TMNB in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-(HFD/STZ)-induced rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Rats were fed HFD, followed by a single low dose of STZ (40 mg/kg). HFD/STZ diabetic rats were treated orally with TMNB (10 mg/kg) or (200 mg/kg) metformin for 10 days before terminating the experiment and collecting plasma, soleus muscle, adipose tissue, and liver for further downstream analysis. TMNB reduced the elevated levels of serum glucose in diabetic rats compared to the vehicle control group (p < 0.001). TMNB abrogated the increase in serum insulin in the treated diabetic group compared to the vehicle control rats (p < 0.001). The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was decreased in the diabetic rats treated with TMNB compared to the vehicle controls. The skeletal muscle and adipose tissue protein contents of GLUT4 and AMPK were upregulated following treatment with TMNB (p < 0.001, < 0.01, respectively). TMNB was able to upregulate GLUT2 and AMPK protein expression in liver (p < 0.001, < 0.001, respectively). LDL, triglyceride, and cholesterol were reduced in diabetic rats treated with TMNB compared to the vehicle controls (p < 0.001, 0.01, respectively). TMNB reduced MDA and IL-6 levels (p < 0.001), and increased GSH level (p < 0.05) in diabetic rats compared to the vehicle controls. Conclusion: TMNB ameliorates insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation in a T2D model. TMNB could represent a promising therapeutic agent to treat T2D.
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129
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Basit A, Ahmad S, Khan KUR, Aati HY, Sherif AE, Ovatlarnporn C, Khan S, Rao H, Arshad MA, Shahzad MN, Perveen S. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potential of Cardamine amara L. (Brassicaceae): A comprehensive biochemical, toxicological, and in silico computational study. Front Chem 2023; 10:1077581. [PMID: 36688045 PMCID: PMC9853444 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1077581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cardamine amara L. (Brassicaceae) is an important edible plant with ethnomedicinal significance. This study aimed at evaluating the phytochemical composition, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytotoxicity aspects of the hydro-alcoholic extract of C. amara (HAECA). Methods: The phytochemical composition was evaluated through total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC) determination and UPLC-QTOF-MS profiling. Anti-inflammatory evaluation of HAECA was carried out through the carrageenan induced paw edema model. Four in vitro methods were applied in the antioxidant evaluation of HAECA. MTT assay was used to investigate the toxicity profile of the species against human normal liver cells (HL7702), human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2) and human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). Three major compounds (Gentisic acid, skullcapflavone and conidendrine) identified in UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis were selected for in silico study against cyclooxygenase (COX-I and COX-II). Results and Discussion: The findings revealed that HAECA is rich in TPC (39.32 ± 2.3 mg GAE/g DE) and TFC (17.26 ± 0.8 mg RE/g DE). A total of 21 secondary metabolites were tentatively identified in UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis. In the MTT cytotoxicity assay, the extract showed low toxicity against normal cell lines, while significant anticancer activity was observed against human liver and breast cancer cells. The carrageenan induced inflammation was inhibited by HAECA in a dose dependent manner and showed a marked alleviation in the levels of oxidative stress (catalase, SOD, GSH) and inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β). Similarly, HAECA showed maximum antioxidant activity through the Cupric reducing power antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assay (31.21 ± 0.3 mg TE/g DE). The in silico study revealed a significant molecular docking score of the three studied compounds against COX-I and COX-I. Conclusively the current study encourages the use of C. amara as a novel polyphenolic rich source with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential and warrants further investigations on its toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand,Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Kashif ur Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Kashif ur Rehman Khan, ; Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, ; Shagufta Perveen,
| | - Hanan Y. Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa E. Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand,Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand,*Correspondence: Kashif ur Rehman Khan, ; Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, ; Shagufta Perveen,
| | - Safiullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Huma Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adeel Arshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Kashif ur Rehman Khan, ; Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, ; Shagufta Perveen,
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Isorhamnetin Reduces Glucose Level, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin Diabetic Mice Model. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020502. [PMID: 36677559 PMCID: PMC9866402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Isorhamnetin is a flavonoid that is found in medical plants. Several studies showed that isorhamnetin has anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects. This study aims to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of isorhamnetin in a high-fat diet and Streptozotocin-(HFD/STZ)-induced mice model of type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Mice were fed with HFD followed by two consecutive low doses of STZ (40 mg/kg). HFD/STZ diabetic mice were treated orally with isorhamnetin (10 mg/kg) or (200 mg/kg) metformin for 10 days before sacrificing the mice and collecting plasma and soleus muscle for further analysis. Results: Isorhamnetin reduced the elevated levels of serum glucose compared to the vehicle control group (p < 0.001). Isorhamnetin abrogated the increase in serum insulin in the treated diabetic group compared to the vehicle control mice (p < 0.001). The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was decreased in diabetic mice treated with isorhamnetin compared to the vehicle controls. Fasting glucose level was significantly lower in diabetic mice treated with isorhamnetin during the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) (p < 0.001). The skeletal muscle protein contents of GLUT4 and p-AMPK-α were upregulated following treatment with isorhamnetin (p > 0.01). LDL, triglyceride, and cholesterol were reduced in diabetic mice treated with isorhamnetin compared to vehicle control (p < 0.001). Isorhamnetin reduced MDA, and IL-6 levels (p < 0.001), increased GSH levels (p < 0.001), and reduced GSSG levels (p < 0.05) in diabetic mice compared to vehicle control. Conclusions: Isorhamnetin ameliorates insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Isorhamnetin could represent a promising therapeutic agent to treat T2D.
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131
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Antioxidant Phytochemicals as Potential Therapy for Diabetic Complications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010123. [PMID: 36670985 PMCID: PMC9855127 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of diabetes continues to increase partly due to rapid urbanization and an increase in the aging population. Consequently, this is associated with a parallel increase in the prevalence of diabetic vascular complications which significantly worsen the burden of diabetes. For these diabetic vascular complications, there is still an unmet need for safe and effective alternative/adjuvant therapeutic interventions. There is also an increasing urge for therapeutic options to come from natural products such as plants. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is central to the development of diabetes and diabetic complications. Furthermore, oxidative stress-induced inflammation and insulin resistance are central to endothelial damage and the progression of diabetic complications. Human and animal studies have shown that polyphenols could reduce oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and prevent diabetic complications including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Part of the therapeutic effects of polyphenols is attributed to their modulatory effect on endogenous antioxidant systems. This review attempts to summarize the established effects of polyphenols on endogenous antioxidant systems from the literature. Moreover, potential therapeutic strategies for harnessing the potential benefits of polyphenols for diabetic vascular complications are also discussed.
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132
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Singh MV, Dokun AO. Diabetes mellitus in peripheral artery disease: Beyond a risk factor. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1148040. [PMID: 37139134 PMCID: PMC10149861 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1148040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is one of the major cardiovascular diseases that afflicts a large population worldwide. PAD results from occlusion of the peripheral arteries of the lower extremities. Although diabetes is a major risk factor for developing PAD, coexistence of PAD and diabetes poses significantly greater risk of developing critical limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) with poor prognosis for limb amputation and high mortality. Despite the prevalence of PAD, there are no effective therapeutic interventions as the molecular mechanism of how diabetes worsens PAD is not understood. With increasing cases of diabetes worldwide, the risk of complications in PAD have greatly increased. PAD and diabetes affect a complex web of multiple cellular, biochemical and molecular pathways. Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular components that can be targeted for therapeutic purposes. In this review, we describe some major developments in enhancing the understanding of the interactions of PAD and diabetes. We also provide results from our laboratory in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu V. Singh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ayotunde O. Dokun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Centre, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Correspondence: Ayotunde O. Dokun
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Sadiq IZ. Free Radicals and Oxidative Stress: Signaling Mechanisms, Redox Basis for Human Diseases, and Cell Cycle Regulation. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:13-35. [PMID: 34951363 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666211222161637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals contain one or more unpaired electrons in their valence shell, thus making them unstable, short-lived, and highly reactive species. Excessive generation of these free radicals ultimately leads to oxidative stress causing oxidation and damage to significant macromolecules in the living system and essentially disrupting signal transduction pathways and antioxidants equilibrium. At lower concentrations, ROS serves as "second messengers," influencing many physiological processes in the cell. However, higher concentrations beyond cell capacity cause oxidative stress, contributing to human pathologies such as diabetes, cancer, Parkinson's disease, cardiovascular diseases, cataract, asthma, hypertension, atherosclerosis, arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease. Signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPKs, PI3K/Akt/ mTOR, and Keap1-Nrf2- ARE modulate the detrimental effects of oxidative stress by increasing the expression of cellular antioxidant defenses, phase II detoxification enzymes, and decreased production of ROS. Free radicals such as H2O2 are indeed needed for the advancement of the cell cycle as these molecules influence DNA, proteins, and enzymes in the cell cycle pathway. In the course of cell cycle progression, the cellular redox environment becomes more oxidized, moving from the G1 phase, becoming higher in G2/M and moderate in the S phase. Signals in the form of an increase in cellular pro-oxidant levels are required, and these signals are often terminated by a rise in the amount of antioxidants and MnSOD with a decrease in the level of cyclin D1 proteins. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of cell cycle redox regulation will help in the therapy of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris Zubairu Sadiq
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Maryam Abacha American University of Niger, ADS Avenue, Roi Muhammad VI Du Maroc Maradi, Republique Du Niger
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Chen B, Bai Y, Tong F, Yan J, Zhang R, Zhong Y, Tan H, Ma X. Glycoursodeoxycholic acid regulates bile acids level and alters gut microbiota and glycolipid metabolism to attenuate diabetes. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2192155. [PMID: 36967529 PMCID: PMC10054359 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2192155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the bile acid regulates type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through gut microbiota-host interactions. However, the mechanisms underlying such interactions have been unclear. Here, we found that glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) positively regulates gut microbiota by altering bile acid metabolism. GUDCA in mice resulted in higher taurolithocholic acid (TLCA) level and Bacteroides vulgatus abundance. Together, these changes resulted in the activation of the adipose G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor, GPBAR1 (TGR5) and upregulated expression of uncoupling protein UCP-1, resulting in elevation of white adipose tissue thermogenesis. The anti-T2DM effects of GUDCA are linked with the regulation of the bile acid and gut microbiota composition. This study suggests that altering bile acid metabolism, modifying the gut microbiota may be of value for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingting Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Nanshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Shenzhen Nanshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Bai
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Fenglian Tong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Junlin Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yewei Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Huiwen Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Aghaei Z, Karbalaei N, Namavar MR, Haghani M, Razmkhah M, Ghaffari MK, Nemati M. Neuroprotective Effect of Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium (WJMSC-CM) on Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Impairment by Improving Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Apoptosis. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:7852394. [PMID: 37081849 PMCID: PMC10113062 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7852394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
According to strong evidence, diabetes mellitus increases the risk of cognitive impairment. Mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to be potential therapeutic agents for neurological disorders. In the current study, we aimed to examine the effects of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (WJMSC-CM) on learning and memory, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and histological changes in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. Randomly, 35 male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 260-300 g were allocated into five groups: control, diabetes, and three diabetic groups treated with insulin, WJMSC-CM, and DMEM. The injections of insulin (3 U/day, S.C.) and WJMSC-CM (10 mg/week, I.P.) were done for 60 days. The Morris water maze and open field were used to measure cognition and anxiety-like behaviors. Colorimetric assays were used to determine hippocampus glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and antioxidant enzyme activity. The histopathological evaluation of the hippocampus was performed by Nissl staining. The expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, BDNF, and TNF-α were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). According to our findings, WJMSC-CM significantly reduced and increased blood glucose and insulin levels, respectively. Enhanced cognition and improved anxiety-like behavior were also found in WJMSC-CM-treated diabetic rats. In addition, WJMSC-CM treatment reduced oxidative stress by lowering MDA and elevating GSH and antioxidant enzyme activity. Reduced TNF-α and enhanced Bcl-2 gene expression levels and elevated neuronal and nonneuronal (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) cells were detected in the hippocampus of WJMSC-CM-treated diabetic rats. In conclusion, WJMSC-CM alleviated diabetes-related cognitive impairment by reducing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Aghaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Narges Karbalaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Namavar
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoud Haghani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Razmkhah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Khorsand Ghaffari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Nemati
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mohamed AI, Beseni BK, Msomi NZ, Salau VF, Erukainure OL, Aljoundi A, Islam MS. The antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of polyphenolic-rich extracts of Cyperus rotundus (Linn.). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:12075-12087. [PMID: 34455935 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1967197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the rhizome of Cyperus rotundus L was investigated for its antioxidant and antidiabetic effects using in vitro and in silico experimental models. Its crude extracts (ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous) were screened in vitro for their antioxidant activity using ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as well as their inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase enzyme. Subsequently, the extracts were subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to elucidate their possible bioactive compounds. Furthermore, computational molecular docking of selected phenolic compounds was conducted to determine their mode of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The aqueous extract displayed the highest level of total phenolic content and significantly higher scavenging activity in both FRAP and DPPH assays compared to ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts. In FRAP and DPPH assays, IC50 values of aqueous extract were 448.626 µg/mL and 418.74 µg/mL, respectively. Aqueous extract further presented higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 383.75 µg/mL. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of the following phenolic compounds: 4-methyl-2-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl) phenol, Phenol,2-methyl-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)- and 1-ethoxy-2-isopropylbenzene. Molecular docking study revealed 1-ethoxy-2-isopropylbenzene formed two hydrogen bonds with the interacting residues in the active site of α-glucosidase enzyme. Furthermore, 4-methyl-2-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl) phenol had the lowest binding energy inferring the best affinity for α-glucosidase active site. These results suggest the possible antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of Cyperus rotundus.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almahi I Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Brian K Beseni
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nontokozo Z Msomi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Veronica F Salau
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ochuko L Erukainure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Aimen Aljoundi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Mercatante D, Ansorena D, Taticchi A, Astiasarán I, Servili M, Rodriguez-Estrada MT. Effects of In Vitro Digestion on the Antioxidant Activity of Three Phenolic Extracts from Olive Mill Wastewaters. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010022. [PMID: 36670884 PMCID: PMC9854611 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of in vitro digestion on the antioxidant activity of three extracts rich in phenols (two purified organic extracts (A20, A21) and one powdered extract stabilized with maltodextrins (SP)) obtained from olive mill wastewaters (OMWW). The content and composition of phenols and antioxidant activity was determined before and after in vitro digestion. The phenol content of the A20 and A21 samples were higher (>75%) than that of the SP sample before in vitro digestion. After the entire in vitro digestion, 89.3, 76.9, and 50% loss of phenols was found in A20, A21 and SP, respectively. ABTS•+ and ORAC values decreased during in vitro digestion of A20 and A21 samples, while they remained almost constant in SP. IC50 increased during digestion of A20 and A21, evidencing a loss of antioxidant capacity after the intestinal phase; an opposite IC50 trend was noted in SP, confirming the protective role of maltodextrins. For these reasons, SP represents a promising formulation to be used in the food field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Mercatante
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Diana Ansorena
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (M.T.R.-E.); Tel.: +34-9-4842-5600 (ext. 806263) (D.A.); +39-05-1209-6011 (M.T.R.-E.)
| | - Agnese Taticchi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Iciar Astiasarán
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maurizio Servili
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Rodriguez-Estrada
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Agrofood Research, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (M.T.R.-E.); Tel.: +34-9-4842-5600 (ext. 806263) (D.A.); +39-05-1209-6011 (M.T.R.-E.)
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138
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Bissenova S, Ellis D, Mathieu C, Gysemans C. Neutrophils in autoimmunity: when the hero becomes the villain. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:128-140. [PMID: 36208466 PMCID: PMC9750832 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils were long considered to be a short-lived homogenous cell population, limited to their role as first responders in anti-bacterial and -fungal immunity. While it is true that neutrophils are first to infiltrate the site of infection to eliminate pathogens, growing evidence suggests their functions could extend beyond those of basic innate immune cells. Along with their well-established role in pathogen elimination, utilizing effector functions such as phagocytosis, degranulation, and the deployment of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), neutrophils have recently been shown to possess antigen-presenting capabilities. Moreover, the identification of different subtypes of neutrophils points to a multifactorial heterogeneous cell population with great plasticity in which some subsets have enhanced pro-inflammatory characteristics, while others seem to behave as immunosuppressors. Interestingly, the aberrant presence of activated neutrophils with a pro-inflammatory profile in several systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), multiple sclerosis (MS), and type 1 diabetes (T1D) could potentially be exploited in novel therapeutic strategies. The full extent of the involvement of neutrophils, and more specifically that of their various subtypes, in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases is yet to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samal Bissenova
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Darcy Ellis
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Conny Gysemans
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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139
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Liu X, Luo D, Guan J, Chen J, Xu X. Mushroom polysaccharides with potential in anti-diabetes: Biological mechanisms, extraction, and future perspectives: A review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1087826. [PMID: 36590224 PMCID: PMC9794872 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1087826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health threat. Searching for anti-diabetic components from natural resources is of intense interest to scientists. Mushroom polysaccharides have received growing attention in anti-diabetes fields due to their advantages in broad resources, structure diversity, and multiple bioactivities, which are considered an unlimited source of healthy active components potentially applied in functional foods and nutraceuticals. In this review, the current knowledge about the roles of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of DM, the extraction method of mushroom polysaccharides, and their potential biological mechanisms associated with anti-diabetes, including antioxidant, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and gut microbiota modulatory actions, were summarized based on a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies, with aiming at better understanding the roles of mushroom polysaccharides in the prevention and management of DM and its complications. Finally, future perspectives including bridging the gap between the intervention of mushroom polysaccharides and the modulation of insulin signaling pathway, revealing structure-bioactivity of mushroom polysaccharides, developing synergistic foods, conducting well-controlled clinical trials that may be very helpful in discovering valuable mushroom polysaccharides and better applications of mushroom polysaccharides in diabetic control were proposed.
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Flavonoids' Dual Benefits in Gastrointestinal Cancer and Diabetes: A Potential Treatment on the Horizon? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246073. [PMID: 36551558 PMCID: PMC9776408 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and gastrointestinal cancers (GI) are global health conditions with a massive burden on patients' lives worldwide. The development of both conditions is influenced by several factors, such as diet, genetics, environment, and infection, which shows a potential link between them. Flavonoids are naturally occurring phenolic compounds present in fruits and vegetables. Once ingested, unabsorbed flavonoids reaching the colon undergo enzymatic modification by the gut microbiome to facilitate absorption and produce ring fission products. The metabolized flavonoids exert antidiabetic and anti-GI cancer properties, targeting major impaired pathways such as apoptosis and cellular proliferation in both conditions, suggesting the potentially dual effects of flavonoids on diabetes and GI cancers. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the impact of flavonoids on diabetes and GI cancers in four significant pathways. It also addresses the synergistic effects of selected flavonoids on both conditions. While this is an intriguing approach, more studies are required to better understand the mechanism of how flavonoids can influence the same impaired pathways with different outcomes depending on the disease.
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141
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Metabolite Profiling, Antioxidant and Key Enzymes Linked to Hyperglycemia Inhibitory Activities of Satureja hispidula: An Underexplored Species from Algeria. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248657. [PMID: 36557791 PMCID: PMC9785979 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, two extracts from the aerial parts of the endemic species Satureja hispidula were analyzed for the first time by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and an electrospray mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) method in order to identify and quantify their phenolic compounds. These extracts' antioxidant, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities were also evaluated. UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS allowed the identification of 28 and 20 compounds in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively; among them, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid was the most abundant in both extracts. The biological assay results indicate that the species S. hispidula, besides its high antioxidant power, is also potentially useful for inhibiting the α-glucosidase enzyme. In both antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory assays, the aqueous extract exhibited the most promising results, significantly better than the standards used as positive controls.
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142
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Omar AM, AlKharboush DF, Mohammad KA, Mohamed GA, Abdallah HM, Ibrahim SRM. Mangosteen Metabolites as Promising Alpha-Amylase Inhibitor Candidates: In Silico and In Vitro Evaluations. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121229. [PMID: 36557267 PMCID: PMC9784833 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by raised glucose levels in the blood, resulting in grave damage over time to various body organs, including the nerves, heart, kidneys, eyes, and blood vessels. One of its therapeutic treatment approaches involves the inhibition of enzymes accountable for carbohydrate digestion and absorption. The present work is aimed at evaluating the potential of some reported metabolites from Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen, Guttiferae) as alpha-amylase inhibitors. Forty compounds were assessed for their capacity to inhibit alpha-amylase using in silico studies as well as in vitro assays. Molecular docking was carried out to analyze their binding capacities in the 3D structure of alpha-amylase (PDB ID: 4GQR). Among the tested compounds, 6-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2,4,6,3',4',6'-hexahydroxybenzophenone (8), aromadendrin-8-C-glucoside (5), epicatechin (6), rhodanthenone (4), and garcixanthone D (40) had a high XP G.score and a Glide G.score of -12.425, -11.855, -11.135, and -11.048 Kcal/mol, respectively. Compound 8 possessed the XP and Glide docking score of -12.425 Kcal/mol compared to the reference compounds myricetin and acarbose which had an XP and Glide docking score of -12.319 and 11.201 Kcal/mol, respectively. It interacted through hydrogen bond formations between its hydroxyl groups and the residues His 101, Asp 197, Glu 233, Asp 300, and His 305, in addition to water bridges and hydrophobic interactions. Molecular mechanics-generalized born surface area (MM-GBSA) was used to calculate the binding free energy and molecular dynamic studies that indicated the stability of the alpha-amylase-compound 8 complex during the 100 ns simulation in comparison with myricetin- and acarbose-alpha-amylase complexes. Additionally, the in vitro alpha-amylase inhibition assay findings validated the in silico study's findings. This could further validate the potential of G. mangostana as a candidate for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelsattar M. Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.M.O.); (S.R.M.I.); Tel.: +966-56-768-1466 (A.M.O.); +966-581183034 (S.R.M.I.)
| | - Dana F. AlKharboush
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah A. Mohammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A. Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam M. Abdallah
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.M.O.); (S.R.M.I.); Tel.: +966-56-768-1466 (A.M.O.); +966-581183034 (S.R.M.I.)
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Khalifa AS, Elshebiny A, Eed EM, Elhelbawy MG, Rizk SK. Genetic variations of tumor necrosis factor-α and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 genes among Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Tijjani H, Danyaro AM, Olatunde A, Kura AU. Antihyperglycemic activity of verbenone and L-arginine in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice: in vitro and in vivo studies. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00271-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Natural products are utilized globally for the management of diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Carrot seeds are ethnobotanically used in the management of diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo antihyperglycemic activities of verbenone and L-arginine, which are compounds found in carrot seed.
Results
Verbenone, L-arginine, and their ratios combination expressed significantly in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity with IC50 of 13.00, 12.69, and 13.30 µg/mL respectively compared with acarbose (IC50 = 12.64 µg/mL) and significant in vitro α-glucosidases inhibitory activity with IC50 of 29.01, 23.76 and 30.11 µg/mL respectively compared with acarbose (IC50 = 16.80 µg/mL). Furthermore, the compounds improved glucose uptake in yeast cells and inhibited haemoglobin glycation in vitro. In the in vivo study, the compounds significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose, the levels of liver total cholesterol, and liver triacylglycerol, the calculated cardiovascular indices, whereas the level of plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly elevated in all diabetic treated mice.
Conclusion
The data revealed the in vitro antidiabetic activity of verbenone and L-arginine. Also, the compounds ameliorated hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and other diabetic-induced biochemical alterations in NAD-STZ-induced diabetic mice model.
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Mohammed A, Sanusi K, Haruna UY. Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) and date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit blend mitigates hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and oxidative complications in type-2 diabetes models. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14423. [PMID: 36125886 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tiger nut and date fruit are chewy with sweet taste and are popularly consumed as food either alone, mixed or paired with other fruits, seeds and vegetables. They are locally used to treat diabetes and were separately reported to attenuate hyperglycemia in various animal models of diabetes. However, effect of tiger nut and date fruit mixture on key diabetes related parameters has not yet been reported. Therefore, we investigated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of the tiger nut and date blend (TDB) using in vitro and in vivo models. The TDB was prepared in equal ratio (1:1). For the in vivo study, mixture was included in the diet at 5% and 10% and feed the type 2 diabetic rats for 4 weeks. The diabetic untreated rats showed significant (p < .05) hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Consumption of the TDB blend, significantly (p < .05) reduced fasting blood glucose by 71% and 52% in the groups treated with high and low doses respectively. In addition, intake of TBD blend demonstrated significant (p < .05) antihyperlipidemic, ameliorated insulin resistance and oxidative stress in the treated groups. The effects were more prominent in group supplemented with the 10% of the TDB and attributed to some promising ingredients detected. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of TDB exhibited antidiabetic action and could be due to the phytochemicals assessed. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Inclusion of functional foods such as tiger nut and date fruit in daily diet is proved to be highly beneficial in controlling type-2 diabetes and its associated complications. Our results show that tiger nut and date fruit blend can effectively reduce hyperglycemia and oxidative damage, improve insulin sensitivity in type-2 diabetes rat model. Hence, the data shows the potential of tiger nut and date fruit blend to promote scientific basis of the dietary application of tiger nut and date fruit blend as a functional food for the remedy of diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminu Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Khalid Sanusi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Umar Yakubu Haruna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Ajiboye AO, Shodehinde SA. Diet supplemented with boiled unripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca) exhibited antidiabetic potentials in streptozotocin-induced Wistar rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14431. [PMID: 36200727 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The ameliorating effect and antidiabetic properties of diets augmented with boiled unripe plantain (20%-40%) in high fat fed/low dose of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats in comparison with the administration of acarbose were evaluated in this study using standard methods. High fat fed/low dose of streptozotocin (25 mg/kg body weight) was given to twenty-five male Wistar rats to induce diabetes leaving out 5 normal rats to serve as control. The animals were separated into five with six rats in each group and the experiment continued for 14 days. Investigations on the blood glucose concentration, enzymes (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, angiotensin I converting enzyme), thiobarbituric reaction substance (TBARS), High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), and antioxidant status were determined. The findings revealed a rise in blood glucose level and the activities of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, angiotensin I converting enzyme, thiobarbituric reaction substance (TBARS) in untreated diabetic rats in group II while a reverse was observed in diabetic rats (Group IV and V) on exposure to diets augmented with boiled unripe plantain. The obtained overall results in diet treated groups are similar to that of acarbose treated groups. The untreated diabetic rats (Group II) exhibited contrary results of the biochemical assays. This finding showed that boiled unripe plantain can provide the therapeutic measures that needed to be further explored as possible future economic means of managing diabetes in developing nations. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: As diabetes has been implicated to disrupt various pathways involved in the metabolism of macromolecules, there are proposed adoptive methods of preventing them among which is the inhibition of starch hydrolyzing enzymes, increasing the enzymatic antioxidant status and prevention of lipid peroxidation, Plantain by-product which is known as an inexpensive food can be prepared to manage the condition of diabetes in patients. Our former in vitro findings have revealed the bioactive contents of unripe plantain product which has been further explored in vivo to experiment is nutritional benefits. The study therefore proposes that unripe plantains, when boiled, can provide the necessary natural therapeutic measures to be considered as a potential economic means of managing diabetes in underdeveloped countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adekunle O Ajiboye
- West Virginia University, Animal and Nutritional Sciences Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources & Design, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Sidiqat A Shodehinde
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
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147
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Zamzuri M‘AIA, Mansor J, Nurumal SR, Jamhari MN, Arifin MA, Nawi AM. HERBAL ANTIOXIDANTS AS TERTIARY PREVENTION AGAINST CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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148
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Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122345. [PMID: 36552553 PMCID: PMC9774434 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms are continually exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other oxidants that have both beneficial and deleterious effects on the cell. ROS have important roles in a wide range of physiological processes; however, high ROS levels are associated with oxidative stress and disease progression. Oxidative stress has been implicated in nearly all major human diseases, from neurogenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Antioxidant defence systems have evolved as a means of protection against oxidative stress, with the transcription factor Nrf2 as the key regulator. Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress and has been extensively studied in the disease contexts. This review aims to provide the reader with a general overview of oxidative stress and Nrf2, including basic mechanisms of Nrf2 activation and regulation, and implications in various major human diseases.
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149
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Rashid MM, Rahman MA, Islam MS, Hossen MA, Ahmed AMA, Afroze M, Habib AH, Mansoury MMS, Alharbi HF, Algheshairy RM, Alelwani W, Alnajeebi AM, Tangpong J, Saha S, Qadhi A, Azhar W. Natural Compounds of Lasia spinosa (L.) Stem Potentiate Antidiabetic Actions by Regulating Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Biochemical and Cellular Indexes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121466. [PMID: 36558918 PMCID: PMC9781412 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural biometabolites of plants have been reported to be useful in chronic diseases including diabetes and associated complications. This research is aimed to investigate how the biometabolites of Lasia spinosa methanol stem (MEXLS) extract ameliorative diabetes and diabetes-related complications. MEXLS was examined for in vitro antioxidant and in vivo antidiabetic effects in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes model, and its chemical profiling was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The results were verified by histopathological examination and in silico ligand-receptor interaction of characterized natural biometabolites with antidiabetic receptor proteins AMPK (PDB ID: 4CFH); PPARγ (PDB ID: 3G9E); and mammalian α-amylase center (PDB ID: 1PPI). The MEXLS was found to show a remarkable α-amylase inhibition (47.45%), strong antioxidant action, and significant (p < 0.05) decrease in blood glucose level, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), urea, uric acid, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), liver glycogen, creatinine kinase (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and increase in serum insulin, glucose tolerance, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Rat’s pancreas and kidney tissues were found to be partially recovered in histopathological analyses. Methyl α-d-galactopyranoside displayed the highest binding affinity with AMPK (docking score, −5.764), PPARγ (docking score, −5.218), and 1PPI (docking score, −5.615) receptors. Data suggest that the MEXLS may be an exciting source to potentiate antidiabetic activities affirming a cell-line study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Atiar Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +88-031-2606001-10 (ext. 4334); Fax: +88-031-726310
| | - Md. Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Amjad Hossen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - A. M. Abu Ahmed
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Mirola Afroze
- Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements (BRiCM), Dr. Qudrat-e-Khuda Road (Laboratory Road), Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Alaa H. Habib
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M. S. Mansoury
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend F. Alharbi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham M. Algheshairy
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walla Alelwani
- Department of Biochemistry, Collage of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan M. Alnajeebi
- Department of Biochemistry, Collage of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jitbanjong Tangpong
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Srabonti Saha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Alaa Qadhi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wedad Azhar
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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150
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Effects of Antioxidant Gene Overexpression on Stress Resistance and Malignization In Vitro and In Vivo: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122316. [PMID: 36552527 PMCID: PMC9774954 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are normal products of a number of biochemical reactions and are important signaling molecules. However, at the same time, they are toxic to cells and have to be strictly regulated by their antioxidant systems. The etiology and pathogenesis of many diseases are associated with increased ROS levels, and many external stress factors directly or indirectly cause oxidative stress in cells. Within this context, the overexpression of genes encoding the proteins in antioxidant systems seems to have become a viable approach to decrease the oxidative stress caused by pathological conditions and to increase cellular stress resistance. However, such manipulations unavoidably lead to side effects, the most dangerous of which is an increased probability of healthy tissue malignization or increased tumor aggression. The aims of the present review were to collect and systematize the results of studies devoted to the effects resulting from the overexpression of antioxidant system genes on stress resistance and carcinogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In most cases, the overexpression of these genes was shown to increase cell and organism resistances to factors that induce oxidative and genotoxic stress but to also have different effects on cancer initiation and promotion. The last fact greatly limits perspectives of such manipulations in practice. The overexpression of GPX3 and SOD3 encoding secreted proteins seems to be the "safest" among the genes that can increase cell resistance to oxidative stress. High efficiency and safety potential can also be found for SOD2 overexpression in combinations with GPX1 or CAT and for similar combinations that lead to no significant changes in H2O2 levels. Accumulation, systematization, and the integral analysis of data on antioxidant gene overexpression effects can help to develop approaches for practical uses in biomedical and agricultural areas. Additionally, a number of factors such as genetic and functional context, cell and tissue type, differences in the function of transcripts of one and the same gene, regulatory interactions, and additional functions should be taken into account.
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