101
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Zia A, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S. Molecular and cellular pathways contributing to brain aging. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS : BBF 2021; 17:6. [PMID: 34118939 PMCID: PMC8199306 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-021-00179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the leading risk factor for several age-associated diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the biology of aging mechanisms is essential to the pursuit of brain health. In this regard, brain aging is defined by a gradual decrease in neurophysiological functions, impaired adaptive neuroplasticity, dysregulation of neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis, neuroinflammation, and oxidatively modified molecules and organelles. Numerous pathways lead to brain aging, including increased oxidative stress, inflammation, disturbances in energy metabolism such as deregulated autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and IGF-1, mTOR, ROS, AMPK, SIRTs, and p53 as central modulators of the metabolic control, connecting aging to the pathways, which lead to neurodegenerative disorders. Also, calorie restriction (CR), physical exercise, and mental activities can extend lifespan and increase nervous system resistance to age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. The neuroprotective effect of CR involves increased protection against ROS generation, maintenance of cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and inhibition of apoptosis. The recent evidence about the modem molecular and cellular methods in neurobiology to brain aging is exhibiting a significant potential in brain cells for adaptation to aging and resistance to neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliabbas Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Pourbagher-Shahri
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), 9717853577 Birjand, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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102
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Mancini OK, Acevedo M, Fazez N, Cuillerier A, Ruiz AF, Huynh DN, Burelle Y, Ferbeyre G, Baron M, Servant MJ. Oxidative stress-induced senescence mediates inflammatory and fibrotic phenotypes in fibroblasts from systemic sclerosis patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:1265-1275. [PMID: 34115840 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune connective tissue disorder characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. Although constitutive activation of fibroblasts is proposed to be responsible for the fibrotic and inflammatory features of the disease, the underlying mechanism remains elusive and, effective therapeutic targets are still lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of oxidative stress-induced senescence and its contribution to the pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory phenotypes of fibroblasts from SSc patients. METHODS Dermal fibroblasts were isolated from SSc (n = 13) and healthy (n = 10) donors. Fibroblast's intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species were determined by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial function measured by Seahorse XF24 analyzer. Fibrotic and inflammatory gene expressions were assessed by qPCR and key pro-inflammatory components of the fibroblasts' secretome (interleukin (IL) 6 and IL8) were quantified by ELISA. RESULTS Compared to healthy fibroblasts, SSc fibroblasts displayed higher levels of both intracellular and mitochondrial ROS. Oxidative stress in SSc fibroblasts induced the expression of fibrotic genes and activated the transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) -IκB kinase β (IKKβ)- interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) inflammatory signaling cascade. These cellular responses paralleled the presence of a DNA damage response, a senescence-associated secretory phenotype and a fibrotic response. Treatment of SSc fibroblasts with ROS scavengers reduced their pro-inflammatory secretome production and fibrotic gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence in SSc fibroblasts underlies their pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic phenotypes. Targeting redox imbalance of SSc fibroblasts enhances their in vitro functions and could be of relevance for SSc therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nesrine Fazez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexanne Cuillerier
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ana Fernandez Ruiz
- Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David N Huynh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yan Burelle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Murray Baron
- McGill University, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc J Servant
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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103
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Mozzini C, Setti A, Cicco S, Pagani M. The Most Severe Paradigm of Early Cardiovascular Disease: Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria. Focus on the Role of Oxidative Stress. Curr Probl Cardiol 2021; 47:100900. [PMID: 34167843 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2021.100900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the most frequently recognized causes of ageing. Telomere erosion, defects in the DNA damage response and alterations in the nuclear architecture are also associated with premature ageing. The most severe premature ageing syndrome, Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is associated with alterations in nuclear shape resulting in the deregulation of lamin A/C. In this review we describe emerging data reporting the role of OS and antioxidant defence in progeroid syndromes focusing on HGPS. We explore precise antioxidant defence mechanisms and related drugs that may create a potential path out of the woods in this disease. Pathways regulated by Nuclear factor E2 related factor (Nrf2), by Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kB), and related to the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress are under investigation in HGPS patients for which the goal is a significant lifespan extension in particular by postponing atherosclerosis-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mozzini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova Italy.
| | - Angela Setti
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Cicco
- Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology University of Bari, Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy.
| | - Mauro Pagani
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova Italy.
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104
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Dey DK, Kang SC. CopA3 peptide induces permanent cell-cycle arrest in colorectal cancer cells. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 196:111497. [PMID: 33957217 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cycle arrest reflects an accumulation of responses to DNA damage that sequentially affects cell growth and division. Herein, we analyzed the effect of the 9-mer dimer defensin-like peptide, CopA3, against colorectal cancer cell growth and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner upon 96 h of treatment. As observed, CopA3 treatment significantly affected cancer cell growth, reduced colony formation ability, increased the number of SA-β-Gal positive cells, and remarkably reduced Ki67 protein expression. Notably, in HCT-116 cells, CopA3 (5 μM) treatment effectively increased oxidative stress and, as a result, amplified the endogenous ROS, mitochondrial ROS, and NO content in the cells, which further activated the DNA damage response and caused cell-cycle arrest at the G1 phase. The prolonged cell-cycle arrest elevated the release of inflammatory cytokines in the cell supernatant. Nevertheless, mechanistically, NAC treatment effectively reversed the CopA3 effect and significantly reduced the oxidative stress; subsequently rescuing the cells from G1 phase arrest. Overall, CopA3 treatment can inhibit the growth and proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by inducing cell-cycle arrest through the ROS-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea.
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105
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Wigner P, Grębowski R, Bijak M, Saluk-Bijak J, Szemraj J. The Interplay between Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Angiogenesis in Bladder Cancer Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094483. [PMID: 33923108 PMCID: PMC8123426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2018, 550,000 people were diagnosed with bladder cancer (BC), of which nearly 200,000 people died. Moreover, men are 4 times more likely than women to be diagnosed with BC. The risk factors include exposure to environmental and occupational chemicals, especially tobacco smoke, benzidine and genetic factors. Despite numerous studies, the molecular basis of BC development remains unclear. A growing body of evidence suggests that inflammation, oxidant-antioxidant imbalance and angiogenesis disorders may play a significant role in the development and progression of bladder cancer. The patients with bladder cancer were characterised by an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the products of lipid peroxidation, proinflammatory cytokines and proangiogenic factors as compared to controls. Furthermore, it was shown that polymorphisms localised in genes associated with these pathways may modulate the risk of BC. Interestingly, ROS overproduction may induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines, which finally activated angiogenesis. Moreover, the available literature shows that both inflammation and oxidative stress may lead to activation of angiogenesis and tumour progression in BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Wigner
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-635-44-85; Fax: +48-42-635-44-84
| | - Radosław Grębowski
- Department of Urology, Provincial Integrated Hospital in Plock, 09-400 Plock, Poland;
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Michał Bijak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
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106
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Role of Oxidative DNA Damage and Repair in Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Heart Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083838. [PMID: 33917194 PMCID: PMC8068079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) represent the two most common clinical cardiac diseases, characterized by angina, arrhythmia, myocardial damage, and cardiac dysfunction, significantly contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and posing a heavy socio-economic burden on society worldwide. Current treatments of these two diseases are mainly symptomatic and lack efficacy. There is thus an urgent need to develop novel therapies based on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Emerging evidence indicates that oxidative DNA damage might be a major underlying mechanism that promotes a variety of cardiac diseases, including AF and IHD. Antioxidants, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) boosters, and enzymes involved in oxidative DNA repair processes have been shown to attenuate oxidative damage to DNA, making them potential therapeutic targets for AF and IHD. In this review, we first summarize the main molecular mechanisms responsible for oxidative DNA damage and repair both in nuclei and mitochondria, then describe the effects of oxidative DNA damage on the development of AF and IHD, and finally discuss potential targets for oxidative DNA repair-based therapeutic approaches for these two cardiac diseases.
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107
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Differential role of melatonin in healthy brain aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the SAMP8 model. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:9373-9397. [PMID: 33811754 PMCID: PMC8064193 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between oxidative stress (OS) and cellular senescence (CS) is an important research topic because of the rapidly aging global population. Melatonin (MT) is associated with aging and plays a pivotal role in redox homeostasis, but its role in maintaining physiological stability in the brain (especially in OS-induced senescence) remains elusive. Here, we systematically reviewed the differential role of MT on OS-induced senescence in the SAMP8 mouse model. Major electronic databases were searched for relevant studies. Pooled mean differences (MDs)/standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the effect size. Overall, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. MT treatment was associated with the reduction of lipid peroxidation (SMD = -2.00, 95% CI [-2.91, -1.10]; p < 0.0001) and carbonylated protein (MD = -5.74, 95% CI [-11.03, -0.44]; p = 0.03), and with enhancement of the reduced-glutathione/oxidized-glutathione ratio (MD = 1.12, 95% CI [0.77, 1.47]; p < 0.00001). No differences were found in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities between MT-treated and vehicle-treated groups. Furthermore, nuclear-factor-κB, cyclin-dependent kinase-5, and p53 were regulated by MT administration. MT may improve physiological stability during aging by regulating interactions in brain senescence, but acts differentially on the antioxidant system.
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108
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Kim HN, Shin JY, Kim DY, Lee JE, Lee PH. Priming mesenchymal stem cells with uric acid enhances neuroprotective properties in parkinsonian models. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211004816. [PMID: 33854750 PMCID: PMC8013923 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211004816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a potential source of cell-based disease-modifying therapy in Parkinsonian disorders. A promising approach to develop in vitro culture methods that mimic natural MSC niche is cell priming. Uric acid (UA), a powerful antioxidant, scavenges reactive oxygen species, which has a vital role in maintaining self-renewal and differentiation potential of MSCs. Here, we demonstrated that UA treatment in naïve MSCs stimulated glycolysis and upregulated transcriptional factors responsible for regulation of stemness, leading to increase in the expression levels of osteogenesis-, adipogenesis-, and chondrogenesis-related genes. UA-primed MSCs had more enhanced neuroprotective properties in cellular and parkinsonian animal models compared to naïve MSCs by inhibiting apoptotic signaling pathways. Additionally, expression of miR-137 and miR-145 was decreased in UA-treated MSCs. Our data demonstrated that priming MSCs with UA augment neuroprotective properties through enhanced self-renewal and differentiation potential, suggesting a practical strategy for improving the application of MSCs in parkinsonian disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Na Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Young Shin
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Yeol Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Phil Hyu Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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109
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Kumari R, Jat P. Mechanisms of Cellular Senescence: Cell Cycle Arrest and Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:645593. [PMID: 33855023 PMCID: PMC8039141 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.645593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 207.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stable cell cycle arrest that can be triggered in normal cells in response to various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli, as well as developmental signals. Senescence is considered to be a highly dynamic, multi-step process, during which the properties of senescent cells continuously evolve and diversify in a context dependent manner. It is associated with multiple cellular and molecular changes and distinct phenotypic alterations, including a stable proliferation arrest unresponsive to mitogenic stimuli. Senescent cells remain viable, have alterations in metabolic activity and undergo dramatic changes in gene expression and develop a complex senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Cellular senescence can compromise tissue repair and regeneration, thereby contributing toward aging. Removal of senescent cells can attenuate age-related tissue dysfunction and extend health span. Senescence can also act as a potent anti-tumor mechanism, by preventing proliferation of potentially cancerous cells. It is a cellular program which acts as a double-edged sword, with both beneficial and detrimental effects on the health of the organism, and considered to be an example of evolutionary antagonistic pleiotropy. Activation of the p53/p21WAF1/CIP1 and p16INK4A/pRB tumor suppressor pathways play a central role in regulating senescence. Several other pathways have recently been implicated in mediating senescence and the senescent phenotype. Herein we review the molecular mechanisms that underlie cellular senescence and the senescence associated growth arrest with a particular focus on why cells stop dividing, the stability of the growth arrest, the hypersecretory phenotype and how the different pathways are all integrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Kumari
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, UCL Institute of Prion Diseases, London, United Kingdom
| | - Parmjit Jat
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, UCL Institute of Prion Diseases, London, United Kingdom
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110
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Skaperda Z, Tekos F, Makri S, Angelakis C, Vassi E, Vardakas P, Patouna A, Terizi K, Kyriazi D, Kouretas D. A novel combined bioactivity / chemoactivity holistic approach for the evaluation of dietary supplements. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 152:112159. [PMID: 33789120 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the excessive generation of free radicals in the human body plays a major role in the pathophysiology and development of various diseases, closely associated with oxidative damage. In this frame, the consumption of antioxidant nutrients through food or dietary supplements may prevent from the harmful effects of free radicals on human cells. This work proposes a holistic approach consisting of distinct methodologies, suitable to evaluate the antioxidant and chemoprotective activity of three novel dietary supplements, each one containing active substances with complementary properties. In the first step, this approach includes in vitro studies to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the dietary supplements by measuring the parameters of free radical scavenging capacity, of reducing power activity, as well as, their ability to protect biomolecules from oxidation. Furthermore, the evaluation of their antimutagenic and antigenotoxic effects is also presented. SubsequentlySub, the specific effects of the dietary supplements were examined in three cancer cell lines (HepG2, HeLa, MKN45), by measuring redox biomarkers such as glutathione, reactive oxygen species and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, using flow cytometry and spectrophotometry. Our results indicate that all the dietary supplements exhibit high antioxidant, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic and lipid protective activity. The most prominent result is their capability to induce oxidative damage on cancer cells via the critical decrease of the levels of their intracellular glutathione, as well as the increase of ROS and lipid peroxidation levels after the administration of non-cytotoxic concentrations. We suggest that the proposed methodology could constitute a valuable tool for the characterization of dietary supplements based on their chemical and functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Fotios Tekos
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Sotiria Makri
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Christos Angelakis
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
| | - Eleni Vassi
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Periklis Vardakas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Anastasia Patouna
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Kallirroi Terizi
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Despina Kyriazi
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
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111
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Li S, Wang M, Wang Y, Guo Y, Tao X, Wang X, Cao Y, Tian S, Li Q. p53-mediated ferroptosis is required for 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced senescence of PC12 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 73:105146. [PMID: 33737050 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and striatum. Aging is the most important risk factor of PD. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death associated with PD. However, it is not clear whether ferroptosis accelerates PD by promoting cellular senescence. This study investigated the mechanism of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) -induced PC12 cells injury. We found that MPP+ induced cell senescence with increased β-galactosidase activity and the expression of p53, p21 and p16 activation in cells. In addition, MPP+ treatment showed smaller mitochondria and increased membrane density, downregulation of ferritin heavy chain 1 expression and upregulation of acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 expression, and enhanced levels of oxidative stress, which were important characteristics of ferroptosis. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a ferroptosis inhibitor, was tested to eliminate MPP+-induced cell senescence. Fer-1 downregulated the expression of p53 and upregulated the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) in MPP+-induced ferroptosis. Inhibition of p53 eliminated cell senescence by upregulation the expression of of SLC7A11 and GPX4. Thus, these results suggest that MPP+ induces senescence in PC12 cells via the p53/ SLC7A11/ GPX4 signaling pathway in the ferroptosis regulation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Youlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tao
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Xuncui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Yin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Shasha Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
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112
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Creatine Supplementation, Physical Exercise and Oxidative Stress Markers: A Review of the Mechanisms and Effectiveness. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030869. [PMID: 33800880 PMCID: PMC8000194 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their elimination by antioxidant mechanisms. ROS degrade biogenic substances such as deoxyribonucleic acid, lipids, and proteins, which in turn may lead to oxidative tissue damage. One of the physiological conditions currently associated with enhanced oxidative stress is exercise. Although a period of intense training may cause oxidative damage to muscle fibers, regular exercise helps increase the cells' ability to reduce the ROS over-accumulation. Regular moderate-intensity exercise has been shown to increase antioxidant defense. Endogenous antioxidants cannot completely prevent oxidative damage under the physiological and pathological conditions (intense exercise and exercise at altitude). These conditions may disturb the endogenous antioxidant balance and increase oxidative stress. In this case, the use of antioxidant supplements such as creatine can have positive effects on the antioxidant system. Creatine is made up of two essential amino acids, arginine and methionine, and one non-essential amino acid, glycine. The exact action mechanism of creatine as an antioxidant is not known. However, it has been shown to increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the capability to eliminate ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). It seems that the antioxidant effects of creatine may be due to various mechanisms such as its indirect (i.e., increased or normalized cell energy status) and direct (i.e., maintaining mitochondrial integrity) mechanisms. Creatine supplement consumption may have a synergistic effect with training, but the intensity and duration of training can play an important role in the antioxidant activity. In this study, the researchers attempted to review the literature on the effects of creatine supplementation and physical exercise on oxidative stress.
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113
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Neves RVP, Rosa TDS, Corrêa HL, da Silva Aires KM, Deus LA, Sousa MK, Stone WJ, Aguiar LR, Prestes J, Simões HG, Andrade RV, Moraes MR. Biomarkers and Redox Balance in Aging Rats after Dynamic and Isometric Resistance Training. Int J Sports Med 2021; 42:283-290. [PMID: 32947637 DOI: 10.1055/a-1231-5410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Aging muscle is prone to sarcopenia and its associated telomere shortening and increased oxidative stress. Telomeres are protected by a shelterin protein complex, proteins expressed in response to DNA damage. Aerobic exercise training has shown to positively modulate these proteins while aging, but the effects of resistance training are less clear. This investigation was to examine the role of dynamic and isometric RT on markers of senescence and muscle apoptosis: checkpoint kinase 2, 53 kDa protein, shelterin telomere repeat binding 1 and 2, DNA repair, telomere length and redox state in the quadriceps muscle. Fifteen 49-week-old male rats were divided into three groups: control, dynamic resistance training, and isometric resistance training. Dynamic and isometric groups completed five sessions per week during 16 weeks at low to moderate intensity (20-70% maximal load). Only dynamic group decreased expression of 53 kDa protein, proteins from shelterin complex, oxidative stress, and improved antioxidant defense. There was no difference among groups regarding telomere length. In conclusion, dynamic resistance training was more effective than isometric in reducing markers of aging and muscle apoptosis in elderly rats. This modality should be considered as valuable tool do counteract the deleterious effects of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thiago Dos Santos Rosa
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Hugo Luca Corrêa
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Lysleine Alves Deus
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Michel Kendy Sousa
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Whitley Jo Stone
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Physiological Sciences, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, United States
| | - Lana Ribeiro Aguiar
- Graduate Program in Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Herbert Gustavo Simões
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Rosângela Vieira Andrade
- Graduate Program in Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Milton Rocha Moraes
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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114
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Ageing, cellular senescence and the impact of diet: an overview. Porto Biomed J 2021; 6:e120. [PMID: 33884316 PMCID: PMC8055488 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a risk factor for chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndrome. Among others, senescence mechanisms have become a target of huge research on the topic of the ageing process. Cellular senescence is a state of an irreversible growth arrest that occurs in response to various forms of cellular stress and is characterized by a pro-inflammatory secretory phenotype. Multiple studies showed that cellular senescence occurs in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Senescent cells accumulate with ageing and can contribute to age-related decline in tissue function. Obesity is a metabolic condition that can accelerate the ageing process by promoting a premature induction of the senescent state of the cells. In contrast, caloric restriction without malnutrition is currently the most effective non-genetic intervention to delay ageing, and its potential in decreasing the cellular senescent burden is suggested. Here, it will be highlighted the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in cellular senescence and discussed some of the research that is being done about how environmental conditions such as diet can affect the accumulation of senescent cells.
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115
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Karamian M, Moossavi M, Hemmati M. From diabetes to renal aging: the therapeutic potential of adiponectin. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 77:205-214. [PMID: 33555532 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the complications related to diabetes, such as nephropathy, cardiovascular problems, and aging, are highly being considered. Renal cell aging is affected by various mechanisms of inflammation, oxidative stress, and basement membrane thickening, which are significant causes of renal dysfunction in diabetes. Due to recent studies, adiponectin plays a key role in diabetes-related kidney diseases as a fat-derived hormone. In diabetes, reduced adiponectin levels are associated to renal cell aging. Oxidative stress and related signaling pathways are the main routes in which adiponectin may be effective to decline diabetes-associated aging. Therefore, adiponectin signaling in target tissues becomes one of the research areas of interest in metabolism and clinical medicine. Studies on adiponectin signaling will increase our understanding of adiponectin role in diabetes-linked diseases as well as shortening life span conditions which may guide the design of antidiabetic and anti-aging drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Karamian
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Moossavi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mina Hemmati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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116
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Cruciani S, Trenta M, Rassu G, Garroni G, Petretto GL, Ventura C, Maioli M, Pintore G. Identifying a Role of Red and White Wine Extracts in Counteracting Skin Aging: Effects of Antioxidants on Fibroblast Behavior. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:227. [PMID: 33546215 PMCID: PMC7913355 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermal fibroblasts are the main actor in many proteins' secretion, including collagen, preserving skin function. Free radicals are involved in skin aging and damages involving different cellular components. The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) amount and natural antioxidant enzymes negatively affects skin homeostasis. Natural compounds have recently emerged as a potential anti-aging tool in tissue regeneration. In the present paper we evaluated the antioxidant activity of white and red wines, considering their probable use, as raw materials, for the formulation of cosmetic products with anti-aging properties. We studied a method that would allow the removal of the alcoholic fraction of wines and determined their composition by LC-MS analysis. We then tested the possible cytotoxic effects of red and white wines on fibroblasts by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay, and their antioxidant activity by the catalase activity test in stressing conditions. Finally, we evaluated their anti-aging potential through the β-galactosidase colorimetric assay. Our results showed that wine extracts exhibit a remarkable antioxidant and anti-aging activity, especially on cells exposed to a marked stressful event. These properties could suggest their possible application as cosmetical products for skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cruciani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (S.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Margherita Trenta
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.T.); (G.R.); (G.L.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Giovanna Rassu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.T.); (G.R.); (G.L.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Garroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (S.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Giacomo Luigi Petretto
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.T.); (G.R.); (G.L.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Carlo Ventura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering-Eldor Lab, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Innovation Accelerator, CNR, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Margherita Maioli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (S.C.); (G.G.)
- Center for Developmental Biology and Reprogramming-CEDEBIOR, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pintore
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.T.); (G.R.); (G.L.P.); (G.P.)
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117
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Features of the Functional State of the Hypophysis-Ovarian System and Processes of Lipid Peroxidation – Antioxidant Protection in Women with Hyperandrogenism of Ovary Genesis in the Early Reproductive Period. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2021. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2020-5.6.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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118
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Izzo C, Vitillo P, Di Pietro P, Visco V, Strianese A, Virtuoso N, Ciccarelli M, Galasso G, Carrizzo A, Vecchione C. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Aging and Cardiovascular Diseases. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:60. [PMID: 33467601 PMCID: PMC7829951 DOI: 10.3390/life11010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging can be seen as process characterized by accumulation of oxidative stress induced damage. Oxidative stress derives from different endogenous and exogenous processes, all of which ultimately lead to progressive loss in tissue and organ structure and functions. The oxidative stress theory of aging expresses itself in age-related diseases. Aging is in fact a primary risk factor for many diseases and in particular for cardiovascular diseases and its derived morbidity and mortality. Here we highlight the role of oxidative stress in age-related cardiovascular aging and diseases. We take into consideration the molecular mechanisms, the structural and functional alterations, and the diseases accompanied to the cardiovascular aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Izzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (P.V.); (P.D.P.); (V.V.); (A.S.); (N.V.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Paolo Vitillo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (P.V.); (P.D.P.); (V.V.); (A.S.); (N.V.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Paola Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (P.V.); (P.D.P.); (V.V.); (A.S.); (N.V.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Valeria Visco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (P.V.); (P.D.P.); (V.V.); (A.S.); (N.V.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Strianese
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (P.V.); (P.D.P.); (V.V.); (A.S.); (N.V.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Nicola Virtuoso
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (P.V.); (P.D.P.); (V.V.); (A.S.); (N.V.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (P.V.); (P.D.P.); (V.V.); (A.S.); (N.V.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Gennaro Galasso
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (P.V.); (P.D.P.); (V.V.); (A.S.); (N.V.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (P.V.); (P.D.P.); (V.V.); (A.S.); (N.V.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (A.C.)
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (C.I.); (P.V.); (P.D.P.); (V.V.); (A.S.); (N.V.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (A.C.)
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
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119
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Meyer RG, Meyer-Ficca ML. Metabolism in Male Reproductive Aging. ADVANCES IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE AND RESEARCH 2021; 3:e210005. [PMID: 33554222 PMCID: PMC7861562 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20210005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Similar to female reproductive health, male reproductive health declines with increasing age, albeit in a more gradual way. In the US, the average age of first-time fathers has been steadily increasing since 1980. This is concerning because increasing paternal age is positively correlated with reduced sperm chromatin quality and higher numbers of DNA strand breaks (DNA sb), which negatively affects pregnancy outcome and child development. While underlying reasons are not well understood, one of the well-known hallmarks of aging is a significant decline of body nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) levels. We propose that low body-wide NAD levels provide a plausible explanation for metabolic alterations that are associated with declining hormonal production and testicular volume, as well as reduced sperm quality in aging men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph G. Meyer
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84332, USA
- Utah Experimental Station, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84332, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84332, USA
| | - Mirella L. Meyer-Ficca
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84332, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84332, USA
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120
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Alginate Oligosaccharide Ameliorates D-Galactose-Induced Kidney Aging in Mice through Activation of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6623328. [PMID: 33506023 PMCID: PMC7811433 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6623328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is an independent risk factor for the development of age-related progressive kidney injury. As a part of the aging process, kidney aging has been indicated to be associated with oxidative stress-induced damage. Ameliorating oxidative damage is therefore considered a promising strategy for delaying kidney aging. Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) has been reported to have a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. However, no studies have focused on the role of AOS in delaying the kidney aging process. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential effects of AOS on kidney aging and its possible mechanisms. Subcutaneous injection of D-galactose (D-gal) (200 mg·kg−1·d−1) in C57BL/6J mice for 8 weeks was used to establish the aging model. AOS (200 mg·kg−1·d−1) was administered via oral gavage for the last four weeks. As a result, AOS inhibited the D-gal-induced upregulation of aging markers and significantly improved the kidney index and kidney function of D-gal-induced mice. In addition, AOS ameliorated the degree of tissue damage and fibrosis in the aging kidney. To further explore the potential mechanisms by which AOS attenuates the kidney aging process, the associated oxidative stress-induced damage was analyzed in depth. The data showed that AOS upregulated the expression of Klotho and decreased malondialdehyde levels by increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, our results suggested that AOS activated the nuclear factor erythrogen-2 associated factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation in aging mice and upregulated the downstream expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that AOS is a promising agent for attenuating kidney aging, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are related to the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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121
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Stagni V, Ferri A, Cirotti C, Barilà D. ATM Kinase-Dependent Regulation of Autophagy: A Key Player in Senescence? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:599048. [PMID: 33490066 PMCID: PMC7817534 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.599048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a strong interplay between autophagy and genomic stability. Recently, several papers have demonstrated a molecular connection between the DNA Damage Response (DDR) and autophagy and have explored how this link influences cell fate and the choice between apoptosis and senescence in response to different stimuli. The aberrant deregulation of this interplay is linked to the development of pathologies, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) is the product of a gene that is lost in Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T), a rare genetic disorder characterized by ataxia and cerebellar neurodegeneration, defects in the immune response, higher incidence of lymphoma development, and premature aging. Importantly, ATM kinase plays a central role in the DDR, and it can finely tune the balance between senescence and apoptosis: activated ATM promotes autophagy and in particular sustains the lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, which in turn promotes senescence and inhibits apoptosis. Therefore, ATM is the key factor that enables cells to escape apoptosis by entering senescence through modulation of autophagy. Importantly, unlike apoptotic cells, senescent cells are viable and have the ability to secrete proinflammatory and mitogenic factors, thus influencing the cellular environment. In this review we aim to summarize recent advances in the understanding of molecular mechanisms linking DDR and autophagy to senescence, pointing out the role of ATM kinase in these cellular responses. The significance of this regulation in the pathogenesis of Ataxia-Telangiectasia will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venturina Stagni
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferri
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Cirotti
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Barilà
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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122
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Sadie-Van Gijsen H. Is Adipose Tissue the Fountain of Youth? The Impact of Adipose Stem Cell Aging on Metabolic Homeostasis, Longevity, and Cell-Based Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1286:225-250. [PMID: 33725357 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-55035-6_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is driven by four interlinked processes: (1) low-grade sterile inflammation; (2) macromolecular and organelle dysfunction, including DNA damage, telomere erosion, and mitochondrial dysfunction; (3) stem cell dysfunction; and (4) an accumulation of senescent cells in tissues. Adipose tissue is not immune to the effects of time, and all four of these processes contribute to a decline of adipose tissue function with advanced age. This decline is associated with an increase in metabolic disorders. Conversely, optimally functioning adipose tissue generates signals that promote longevity. As tissue-resident progenitor cells that actively participate in adipose tissue homeostasis and dysregulation, adipose stem cells (ASCs) have emerged as a key feature in the relationship between age and adipose tissue function. This review will give a mechanistic overview of the myriad ways in which age affects ASC function and, conversely, how ASC function contribute to healthspan and lifespan. A central mediator in this relationship is the degree of resilience of ASCs to maintain stemness into advanced age and the consequent preservation of adipose tissue function, in particular subcutaneous fat. The last sections of this review will discuss therapeutic options that target senescent ASCs to extend healthspan and lifespan, as well as ASC-based therapies that can be used to treat age-related pathologies, and collectively, these therapeutic applications may transform the way we age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanél Sadie-Van Gijsen
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, Parow, South Africa.
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123
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Andries A, Rozenski J, Vermeersch P, Mekahli D, Van Schepdael A. Recent progress in the LC-MS/MS analysis of oxidative stress biomarkers. Electrophoresis 2020; 42:402-428. [PMID: 33280143 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a dynamic and balanced equilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species and the in-house antioxidant defense mechanisms is characteristic for a healthy body. During oxidative stress (OS), this balance is switched to increased production of ROS and RNS, exceeding the capacity of physiological antioxidant systems. This can cause damage to biological molecules, leading to loss of function and even cell death. Nowadays, there is increasing scientific and clinical interest in OS and the associated parameters to measure the degree of OS in biofluids. An increasing number of reports using LC-MS/MS methods for the analysis of OS biomarkers can be found. Since bioanalysis is usually complicated by matrix effects, various types of cleanup procedures are used to effectively separate the biomarkers from the matrix. This is an essential part of the analysis to prepare a reproducible and homogenous solution suitable for injection onto the column. The present review gives a summary of the chromatographic methods used for the determination of OS biomarkers in both urine and plasma, serum, and whole blood samples. The first part mainly describes the biological background of the different OS biomarkers, while the second part reports examples of chromatographic methods for the analysis of different metabolites connected with OS in biofluids, covering a period from 2015 till early 2020. The selected examples mainly include LC-MS/MS methods for isoprostanes, oxidized proteins, oxidized lipoproteins, and DNA/RNA biomarkers. The last part explains the clinical relevance of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmin Andries
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jef Rozenski
- KU Leuven - Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vermeersch
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Metabolic Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Djalila Mekahli
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Pediatrics, PKD group, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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124
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Xiang QY, Tian F, Du X, Xu J, Zhu LY, Guo LL, Wen T, Liu YS, Liu L. Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins-induced premature senescence of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the SIRT1/p53/Ac-p53/p21 axis through oxidative mechanism. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:26080-26094. [PMID: 33316776 PMCID: PMC7803527 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of senescent adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) is the main cause for the deterioration of WAT and the subsequent age-related disorders in obesity. The number of AMSCs staining positively for senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) increased significantly after incubation with postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), accompanied by an impaired cell proliferation capacity and increased expression of inflammatory factors. Besides, the expression of anti-aging protein, silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), was downregulated significantly, while those of acetylated p53 (Ac-p53), total p53, and p21 proteins were upregulated significantly during postprandial TRL-induced premature senescence of AMSCs. Furthermore, the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the TRL group increased significantly, while pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine effectively attenuated the premature senescence of AMSCs by decreasing ROS production and upregulating SIRT1 level. Thus, postprandial TRL induced premature senescence of AMSCs through the SIRT1/p53/Ac-p53/p21 axis, partly through increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun-Yan Xiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiao Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Li-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Li-Ling Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Tie Wen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Emergency Medicine and Difficult Disease Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - You-Shuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
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125
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Hashimoto M, Hossain S, Matsuzaki K, Shido O, Yoshino K. The journey from white rice to ultra-high hydrostatic pressurized brown rice: an excellent endeavor for ideal nutrition from staple food. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:1502-1520. [PMID: 33190522 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1844138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although brown rice (BR) contains significantly higher levels of nutrients than the traditionally used polished white rice (WR), its consumption among the population is still not noteworthy. WR and BR are essentially same grain. The only difference between the two is the application of an exhaustive milling procedure during the processing of WR that removes all other layers of the grain except the portion of its white endosperm. BR, on the other hand, is prepared by removing only the outer hull of the rice seed. Thus, in addition to its inner endosperm, the bran and germ are also left on the BR. Hence, BR retains all its nutrients, including proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, fibers, vitamins, minerals, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) packed into the bran and germ of the seed. Since BR tastes nutty and takes longer to cook than WR, it is not appreciated by the consumers. However, these problems have been circumvented using non-thermal ultra-high hydrostatic pressure (UHHP)-processing for the treatment of BR. A superior modification in the physicochemical and functional qualities of UHHPBR, along with its ability to curb human diseases may make it a more palatable and nutritious choice of rice over WR or the untreated-BR. Here, we have reviewed the mechanism by which UHHP treatment leads to the modification of nutrients such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and fibers. We have focused on the effects of rice on cell and animal models of different conditions such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension and the possible mechanisms. Finally, we have emphasized the effects of UHHPBR in human cases with rare conditions such as osteoporosis and brain cognition - two age-related degenerative diseases of the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Hashimoto
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Shimane University, Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Shahdat Hossain
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Shimane University, Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan.,Departmnet of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Kentaro Matsuzaki
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Shimane University, Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Osamu Shido
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Shimane University, Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
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126
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Chandrasekaran A, Lee MY, Zhang X, Hasan S, Desta H, Tenenbaum SA, Melendez JA. Redox and mTOR-dependent regulation of plasma lamellar calcium influx controls the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:1560-1570. [PMID: 32686475 PMCID: PMC7787549 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220943122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Through its ability to evoke responses from cells in a paracrine fashion, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) has been linked to numerous age-associated disease pathologies including tumor invasion, cardiovascular dysfunction, neuroinflammation, osteoarthritis, and renal disease. Strategies which limit the amplitude and duration of SASP serve to delay age-related degenerative decline. Here we demonstrate that the SASP regulation is linked to shifts in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and strategies which rescue redox-dependent calcium entry including enzymatic H2O2 scavenging, TRP modulation, or mTOR inhibition block SASP and TRPC6 gene expression. As Ca2+ is indispensable for secretion from both secretory and non-secretory cells, it is exciting to speculate that the expression of plasma lamellar TRP channels critical for the maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis may be coordinately regulated with the SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Chandrasekaran
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany, NY 12203, USA
| | - May Y Lee
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany, NY 12203, USA
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Shaheen Hasan
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany, NY 12203, USA
| | - Habben Desta
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany, NY 12203, USA
| | - Scott A Tenenbaum
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany, NY 12203, USA
| | - J Andrés Melendez
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany, NY 12203, USA
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127
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Qu Y, Hao C, Zhai R, Yao W. Folate and macrophage folate receptor-β in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis disease: the potential therapeutic target? Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110711. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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128
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Park JS, Piao J, Park G, Hong HS. Substance-P Restores Cellular Activity of ADSC Impaired by Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E978. [PMID: 33053897 PMCID: PMC7601553 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress induces cellular damage, which accelerates aging and promotes the development of serious illnesses. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are novel cellular therapeutic tools and have been applied for tissue regeneration. However, ADSCs from aged and diseased individuals may be affected in vivo by the accumulation of free radicals, which can impair their therapeutic efficacy. Substance-P (SP) is a neuropeptide that is known to rescue stem cells from senescence and inflammatory attack, and this study explored the restorative effect of SP on ADSCs under oxidative stress. ADSCs were transiently exposed to H2O2, and then treated with SP. H2O2 treatment decreased ADSC cell viability, proliferation, and cytokine production and this activity was not recovered even after the removal of H2O2. However, the addition of SP increased cell viability and restored paracrine potential, leading to the accelerated repopulation of ADSCs injured by H2O2. Furthermore, SP was capable of activating Akt/GSK-3β signaling, which was found to be downregulated following H2O2 treatment. This might contribute to the restorative effect of SP on injured ADSCs. Collectively, SP can protect ADSCs from oxidant-induced cell damage, possibly by activating Akt/GSK-3β signaling in ADSCs. This study supports the possibility that SP can recover cell activity from oxidative stress-induced dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Seop Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Jiyuan Piao
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong In 17104, Korea; (J.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Gabee Park
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong In 17104, Korea; (J.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Hyun Sook Hong
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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129
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Zarbafian M, Dayan S, Fabi SG. Teachings from COVID-19 and aging-An oxidative process. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:3171-3176. [PMID: 32997887 PMCID: PMC7536979 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As of June 2020, the COVID‐19 pandemic has totaled over 9 000 000 cases and 470 000 deaths globally (ref. 1). Emerging data from COVID‐19 patients have suggested a clear role for oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of SARS‐CoV‐2, the pathogenic agent of COVID‐19. Several comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and aging, have been associated with an increase in baseline oxidative stress, likely explaining why such individuals at risk for poor outcomes with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Similarly, the concept of oxidative stress remains one of the best supported theories to explain the mechanism behind aging. Oxidative stress through both endogenous and exogenous sources has known deleterious effects in both aging and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Herein, we will review the role of oxidative stress as a key player in both aging and COVID‐19 and highlight why some individuals may have better or poorer outcomes because of this. Additionally, we will discuss potential therapeutic pathways for effectively anti‐aging as we take away from our learnings on COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misha Zarbafian
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Steven Dayan
- Clinical Assistant Professor, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sabrina G Fabi
- Volunteer Assistant Clinical Professor, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Goldman Butterwick Groff Fabi Wu & Boen Cosmetic Laser Dermatology, San Diego, CA, USA
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130
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Abstract
Kidney diseases secondary to several pathogeneses affect millions of people worldwide and have become increasingly recognized as a global public health problem. Recent evidence suggests that cellular senescence plays an important role in the pathogenesis of different forms of renal damage, including acute and chronic kidney disease, and renal transplantation. Renal senescence involves cell cycle arrest and affects several cellular pathways, manifesting in downregulation of klotho, elevated expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, cellular telomere shortening, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, senescent cells might induce kidney injury by paracrine release of inflammatory factors. Yet, cellular senescence may be renoprotective during development and in some models of renal diseases, reflecting the yin/yang duality of cellular senescence. This review provides an overview of the role of this emerging player in renal injury, with emphasis on new findings of cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Li
- From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (Y.L., L.O.L.).,Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, PR China (Y.L.)
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (Y.L., L.O.L.)
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131
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Oxidative Stress and Vascular Dysfunction in the Retina: Therapeutic Strategies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080761. [PMID: 32824523 PMCID: PMC7465265 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many retinal diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and age-related macular (AMD) degeneration, are associated with elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. ROS are important intracellular signaling molecules that regulate numerous physiological actions, including vascular reactivity and neuron function. However, excessive ROS formation has been linked to vascular endothelial dysfunction, neuron degeneration, and inflammation in the retina. ROS can directly modify cellular molecules and impair their function. Moreover, ROS can stimulate the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) causing inflammation and cell death. However, there are various compounds with direct or indirect antioxidant activity that have been used to reduce ROS accumulation in animal models and humans. In this review, we report on the physiological and pathophysiological role of ROS in the retina with a special focus on the vascular system. Moreover, we present therapeutic approaches for individual retinal diseases targeting retinal signaling pathways involving ROS.
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132
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Pursuing the Elixir of Life: In Vivo Antioxidative Effects of Manganosalen Complexes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080727. [PMID: 32785017 PMCID: PMC7465912 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganosalen complexes are coordination compounds that possess a chelating salen-type ligand, a class of bis-Schiff bases obtained by condensation of salicylaldehyde and a diamine. They may act as catalytic antioxidants mimicking both the structure and the reactivity of the native antioxidant enzymes active site. Thus, manganosalen complexes have been shown to exhibit superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, and they could potentially facilitate the scavenging of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby restoring the redox balance in damaged cells and organs. Initial catalytic studies compared the potency of these compounds as antioxidants in terms of rate constants of the chemical reactivity against ROS, giving catalytic values approaching and even exceeding that of the native antioxidative enzymes. Although most of these catalytic studies lack of biological relevance, subsequent in vitro studies have confirmed the efficiency of many manganosalen complexes in oxidative stress models. These synthetic catalytic scavengers, cheaper than natural antioxidants, have accordingly attracted intensive attention for the therapy of ROS-mediated injuries. The aim of this review is to focus on in vivo studies performed on manganosalen complexes and their activity on the treatment of several pathological disorders associated with oxidative damage. These disorders, ranging from the prevention of fetal malformations to the extension of lifespan, include neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and cardiovascular diseases; tissue injury; and other damages related to the liver, kidney, or lungs.
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133
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Mercurio V, Cuomo A, Cadeddu Dessalvi C, Deidda M, Di Lisi D, Novo G, Manganaro R, Zito C, Santoro C, Ameri P, Spallarossa P, Arboscello E, Tocchetti CG, Penna C. Redox Imbalances in Ageing and Metabolic Alterations: Implications in Cancer and Cardiac Diseases. An Overview from the Working Group of Cardiotoxicity and Cardioprotection of the Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC). Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E641. [PMID: 32708201 PMCID: PMC7402085 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a well established risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) diseases. In addition, several studies indicate that MetS correlates with the increased risk of cancer in adults. The mechanisms linking MetS and cancer are not fully understood. Several risk factors involved in MetS are also cancer risk factors, such as the consumption of high calorie-food or high fat intake, low fibre intake, and sedentary lifestyle. Other common aspects of both cancer and MetS are oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition, some anticancer treatments can induce cardiotoxicity, including, for instance, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and heart failure (HF), endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. In this review, we analyse several aspects of MetS, cancer and cardiotoxicity from anticancer drugs. In particular, we focus on oxidative stress in ageing, cancer and CV diseases, and we analyse the connections among CV risk factors, cancer and cardiotoxicity from anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mercurio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandra Cuomo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Christian Cadeddu Dessalvi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.C.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Martino Deidda
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.C.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Daniela Di Lisi
- Cardiology Unit AUOP Policlinico, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.D.L.); (G.N.)
| | - Giuseppina Novo
- Cardiology Unit AUOP Policlinico, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.D.L.); (G.N.)
| | - Roberta Manganaro
- Cardiology with Coronary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Policlinico “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (R.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Concetta Zito
- Cardiology with Coronary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Policlinico “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (R.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Ciro Santoro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Pietro Ameri
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy—IRCCS Italian Cardiovascular Network & Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16121 Genova, Italy; (P.A.); (P.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Paolo Spallarossa
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy—IRCCS Italian Cardiovascular Network & Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16121 Genova, Italy; (P.A.); (P.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Eleonora Arboscello
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy—IRCCS Italian Cardiovascular Network & Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16121 Genova, Italy; (P.A.); (P.S.); (E.A.)
| | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (A.C.)
- Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Torino, Italy
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134
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Kim SR, Zou X, Tang H, Puranik AS, Abumoawad AM, Zhu XY, Hickson LJ, Tchkonia T, Textor SC, Kirkland JL, Lerman LO. Increased cellular senescence in the murine and human stenotic kidney: Effect of mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1332-1344. [PMID: 32657444 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell stress may give rise to insuperable growth arrest, which is defined as cellular senescence. Stenotic kidney (STK) ischemia and injury induced by renal artery stenosis (RAS) may be associated with cellular senescence. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) decrease some forms of STK injury, but their ability to reverse senescence in RAS remains unknown. We hypothesized that RAS evokes STK senescence, which would be ameliorated by MSCs. Mice were studied after 4 weeks of RAS, RAS treated with adipose tissue-derived MSCs 2 weeks earlier, or sham. STK senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) activity was measured. Protein and gene expression was used to assess senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and staining for renal fibrosis, inflammation, and capillary density. In addition, senescence was assessed as p16+ and p21+ urinary exosomes in patients with renovascular hypertension (RVH) without or 3 months after autologous adipose tissue-derived MSC delivery, and in healthy volunteers (HV). In RAS mice, STK SA-β-Gal activity increased, and senescence and SASP marker expression was markedly elevated. MSCs improved renal function, fibrosis, inflammation, and capillary density, and attenuated SA-β-Gal activity, but most senescence and SASP levels remained unchanged. Congruently, in human RVH, p21+ urinary exosomes were elevated compared to HV, and only slightly improved by MSC, whereas p16+ exosomes remained unchanged. Therefore, RAS triggers renal senescence in both mice and human subjects. MSCs decrease renal injury, but only partly mitigate renal senescence. These observations support exploration of targeted senolytic therapy in RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Rin Kim
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Xiangyu Zou
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Hui Tang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Amrutesh S Puranik
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Xiang-Yang Zhu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - LaTonya J Hickson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Stephen C Textor
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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135
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Mohamad Kamal NS, Safuan S, Shamsuddin S, Foroozandeh P. Aging of the cells: Insight into cellular senescence and detection Methods. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151108. [PMID: 32800277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular theory of aging states that human aging is the result of cellular aging, in which an increasing proportion of cells reach senescence. Senescence, from the Latin word senex, means "growing old," is an irreversible growth arrest which occurs in response to damaging stimuli, such as DNA damage, telomere shortening, telomere dysfunction and oncogenic stress leading to suppression of potentially dysfunctional, transformed, or aged cells. Cellular senescence is characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest, flattened and enlarged morphology, resistance to apoptosis, alteration in gene expression and chromatin structure, expression of senescence associated- β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and acquisition of senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In this review paper, different types of cellular senescence including replicative senescence (RS) which occurs due to telomere shortening and stress induced premature senescence (SIPS) which occurs in response to different types of stress in cells, are discussed. Biomarkers of cellular senescence and senescent assays including BrdU incorporation assay, senescence associated- β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and senescence-associated heterochromatin foci assays to detect senescent cells are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Shaheera Mohamad Kamal
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sabreena Safuan
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Shaharum Shamsuddin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Parisa Foroozandeh
- USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia.
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136
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Bitetto G, Di Fonzo A. Nucleo-cytoplasmic transport defects and protein aggregates in neurodegeneration. Transl Neurodegener 2020; 9:25. [PMID: 32616075 PMCID: PMC7333321 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-020-00205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the ongoing process of uncovering molecular abnormalities in neurodegenerative diseases characterized by toxic protein aggregates, nucleo-cytoplasmic transport defects have an emerging role. Several pieces of evidence suggest a link between neuronal protein inclusions and nuclear pore complex (NPC) damage. These processes lead to oxidative stress, inefficient transcription, and aberrant DNA/RNA maintenance. The clinical and neuropathological spectrum of NPC defects is broad, ranging from physiological aging to a suite of neurodegenerative diseases. A better understanding of the shared pathways among these conditions may represent a significant step toward dissecting their underlying molecular mechanisms, opening the way to a real possibility of identifying common therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Bitetto
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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137
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Taheri M. Non-coding RNAs are involved in the response to oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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138
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Effects of resistance exercise training on redox homeostasis in older adults. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2020; 138:111012. [PMID: 32615210 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance exercise training (RET) has proven effective at reducing the risk of chronic disease in older populations, and it appears to regulate redox homeostasis. AIMS To determine the effects of RET on redox homeostasis in older people. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials identified by searching MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Sportdiscus, LILACS, CENTRAL and CINAHL. We included studies of subjects aged 65 years or older, with or without pathologies, and including RET metrics with quantified molecular oxidation and antioxidant capacity outcomes. RESULTS Fifteen studies were included in this review. Agreement between reviewers reached a kappa value of 0.725. There were a total of 614 participants, with an average age of 68.1 years. Five (for molecular oxidation markers) and three (for antioxidant capacity markers) studies included data that quantified the effects of RET on homeostasis redox. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there were no differences in the molecular oxidation markers (SMD = -0.26; 95% CI = -0.57 to 0.05; P = 0.10; I2 = 0%) and antioxidant capacity markers (SMD = 0.53; 95% CI = -0.20 to 1.26; P = 0.16; I2 = 71.5%) in healthy older people after a RET of 8-24 weeks compared to non-intervention. CONCLUSIONS Based on a small number of studies of low methodological quality, this systematic review with meta-analysis suggests that RET is not effective at reducing molecular oxidation markers in healthy older people. More research is needed on the effects of RET on redox homeostasis in older people. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019121529.
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Outcomes Assessment of Sustainable and Innovatively Simple Lifestyle Modification at the Workplace - Drinking Electrolyzed-Reduced Water (OASIS-ERW): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070564. [PMID: 32605142 PMCID: PMC7402115 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been associated with many diseases as well as aging. Electrolyzed-reduced water (ERW) has been suggested to reduce oxidative stress and improve antioxidant potential. This study investigated the effects of drinking ERW on biomarkers of oxidative stress and health-related indices in healthy adults. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on 65 participants, who were allocated into two groups. Of these, 61 received intervention (32 with ERW and 29 MW [mineral water]). All participants were instructed to drink 1.5 L/day of ERW or MW for eight weeks. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and health-related indices were assessed at baseline as well as after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of intervention. Of the primary outcome variables assessed, diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential showed a significant interaction between the groups and time, with d-ROMs levels significantly decreased at 8 weeks in ERW compared to those in MW. Among the secondary outcome variables, total, visceral, and subcutaneous fat mass significantly changed over time, with a significant association observed between the groups and time. Thus, daily ERW consumption may be a potential consideration for a sustainable and innovatively simple lifestyle modification at the workplace to reduce oxidative stress, increase antioxidant potential, and decrease fat mass.
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Chiavaroli A, Sinan KI, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF, Bibi Sadeer N, Etienne OK, Cziáky Z, Jekő J, Glamočlija J, Soković M, Recinella L, Brunetti L, Leone S, Abdallah HH, Angelini P, Angeles Flores G, Venanzoni R, Menghini L, Orlando G, Ferrante C. Identification of Chemical Profiles and Biological Properties of Rhizophora racemosa G. Mey. Extracts Obtained by Different Methods and Solvents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060533. [PMID: 32570898 PMCID: PMC7346144 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangrove forests exemplify a multifaceted ecosystem since they do not only play a crucial ecological role but also possess medicinal properties. Methanolic, ethyl acetate and aqueous leaf and bark extracts were prepared using homogenizer-assisted extraction (HAE), infusion and maceration (with and without stirring). The different extracts were screened for phytochemical profiling and antioxidant capacities in terms of radical scavenging (DPPH, ABTS), reducing potential (CUPRAC, FRAP), total antioxidant capacity and chelating power. Additionally, R. racemosa was evaluated for its anti-diabetic (α-amylase, α-glucosidase), anti-tyrosinase and anti-cholinesterase (AChE, BChE) activities. Additionally, antimycotic and antibacterial effects were investigated against Eescherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride, Penicillium funiculosum, Penicillium ochrochloron and Penicillium verrucosum. Finally, based on phytochemical fingerprint, in silico studies, including bioinformatics, network pharmacology and docking approaches were conducted to predict the putative targets, namely tyrosinase, lanosterol-14-α-demethylase and E. coli DNA gyrase, underlying the observed bio-pharmacological and microbiological effects. The methanolic leave and bark extracts (prepared by both HAE and maceration) abounded with phenolics, flavonoids, phenolic acids and flavonols. Results displayed that both methanolic leaf and bark extracts (prepared by HAE) exhibited the highest radical scavenging, reducing potential and total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, our findings showed that the highest enzymatic inhibitory activity recorded was with the tyrosinase enzyme. In this context, bioinformatics analysis predicted putative interactions between tyrosinase and multiple secondary metabolites including apigenin, luteolin, vitexin, isovitexin, procyanidin B, quercetin and methoxy-trihydroxyflavone. The same compounds were also docked against lanosterol-14α-demethylase and E. Coli DNA gyrase, yielding affinities in the submicromolar–micromolar range that further support the observed anti-microbial effects exerted by the extracts. In conclusion, extracts of R. racemosa may be considered as novel sources of phytoanti-oxidants and enzyme inhibitors that can be exploited as future first-line pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Chiavaroli
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.C.); (L.R.); (L.B.); (S.L.); (L.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Koaudio Ibrahime Sinan
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk Universtiy, Campus Konya, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk Universtiy, Campus Konya, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (P.A.); (G.O.)
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam; or
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 230, Mauritius;
| | - Nabeelah Bibi Sadeer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 230, Mauritius;
| | - Ouattara Katinan Etienne
- Laboratoire de Botanique, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 Abidjan, Ivory Coast;
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (Z.C.); (J.J.)
| | - József Jekő
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (Z.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Jasmina Glamočlija
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.G.) (M.S.)
| | - Marina Soković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.G.) (M.S.)
| | - Lucia Recinella
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.C.); (L.R.); (L.B.); (S.L.); (L.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.C.); (L.R.); (L.B.); (S.L.); (L.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Sheila Leone
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.C.); (L.R.); (L.B.); (S.L.); (L.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Hassan H. Abdallah
- Chemistry Department, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Paola Angelini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (G.A.F.); (R.V.)
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (P.A.); (G.O.)
| | - Giancarlo Angeles Flores
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (G.A.F.); (R.V.)
| | - Roberto Venanzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (G.A.F.); (R.V.)
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.C.); (L.R.); (L.B.); (S.L.); (L.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Giustino Orlando
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.C.); (L.R.); (L.B.); (S.L.); (L.M.); (C.F.)
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (P.A.); (G.O.)
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.C.); (L.R.); (L.B.); (S.L.); (L.M.); (C.F.)
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Wang L, Nie Q, Gao M, Yang L, Xiang JW, Xiao Y, Liu FY, Gong XD, Fu JL, Wang Y, Nguyen QD, Liu Y, Liu M, Li DWC. The transcription factor CREB acts as an important regulator mediating oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by suppressing αB-crystallin expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:13594-13617. [PMID: 32554860 PMCID: PMC7377838 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The general transcription factor, CREB has been shown to play an essential role in promoting cell proliferation, neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity in the nervous system. However, its function in stress response remains to be elusive. In the present study, we demonstrated that CREB plays a major role in mediating stress response. In both rat lens organ culture and mouse lens epithelial cells (MLECs), CREB promotes oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. To confirm that CREB is a major player mediating the above stress response, we established stable lines of MLECs stably expressing CREB and found that they are also very sensitive to oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. To define the underlying mechanism, RNAseq analysis was conducted. It was found that CREB significantly suppressed expression of the αB-crystallin gene to sensitize CREB-expressing cells undergoing oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. CREB knockdown via CRISPR/CAS9 technology led to upregulation of αB-crystallin and enhanced resistance against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Moreover, overexpression of exogenous human αB-crystallin can restore the resistance against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Finally, we provided first evidence that CREB directly regulates αB-crystallin gene. Together, our results demonstrate that CREB is an important transcription factor mediating stress response, and it promotes oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by suppressing αB-crystallin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Nie
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Lan Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Wen Xiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
- Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
| | - Yuan Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gong
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Ling Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
| | - Quan Dong Nguyen
- Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
| | - Yizhi Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
| | - Mugen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - David Wan-Cheng Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, China
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142
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Han M, Zhao Y, Song W, Wang C, Mu C, Li R. Changes in microRNAs Expression Profile of Mimetic Aging Mice Treated with Melanin from Sepiella japonica Ink. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5616-5622. [PMID: 32345009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A natural melanin extracted from Sepiella japonica ink (MSJI) is a polymer with antioxidant properties. In this study, the effects of MSJI treatment on microRNAs differentially expressed during aging in mimetic mice were investigated. The results revealed that 8 miRNAs: mmu-miR-1971, mmu-miR-3070b-3p, mmu-miR-320-3p, mmu-miR-342-3p, mmu-miR-350-3p, mmu-miR-5132-5p, mmu-miR-697, and mmu-miR-712-5p showed significantly different expression between mice treated with MSJI gavage and aging mice. GO analysis and signaling pathway analysis revealed that the predicted target genes were involved in diverse biological processes such as steroid and cholesterol metabolism, xenobiotic, demethylation, and circadian regulation of gene expression, suggesting a potential role in antiaging. The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed the downregulation of mmu-miR-697 in HS samples and targeting of the Gpt2 which plays an important role in aging. This study supports the hypothesis that MSJI prolongs the cell cycle by acting as an antioxidant to delay decrepitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Changkao Mu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Ronghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
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143
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Lee KB, Shin JW, Kwon MA, Kang H, Kim HM, Lee SJ, Jeong EM, Kang HS, Kim IG. Antioxidants reduce the heterogeneity of the intracellular glutathione level in senescent cell population of human dermal fibroblasts. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 98:195-198. [PMID: 32414633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Baek Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Laboratory for cellular response to oxidative stress, Cell2in, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Ae Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Kang
- Laboratory for cellular response to oxidative stress, Cell2in, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Kim
- Laboratory for cellular response to oxidative stress, Cell2in, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Jin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Man Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heun-Soo Kang
- Laboratory for cellular response to oxidative stress, Cell2in, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gyu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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144
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Huehne PS, Bhinija K, Srisomsap C, Chokchaichamnankit D, Weeraphan C, Svasti J, Mongkolsuk S. Detection of superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn) isoenzymes in leaves and pseudobulbs of Bulbophyllum morphologlorum Kraenzl orchid by comparative proteomic analysis. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 22:100762. [PMID: 32395639 PMCID: PMC7210398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Typically, biological systems are protected from the toxic effect of free radicals by antioxidant defense. Extracts from orchids have been reported to show high levels of exogenous antioxidant activity including Bulbophyllum orchids but so far, there have been no reports on antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, differences in protein expression from leaves and pseudobulbs of Bulbophyllum morphologlorum Kraenzl and Dendrobium Sonia Earsakul were studied using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Interestingly, the largest group of these stress response proteins were associated with antioxidant defense and temperature stress, including superoxide dismutase (Cu–Zn) and heat shock protein 70. The high expression of this antioxidant enzyme from Bulbophyllum morphologlorum Kraenzl was confirmed by activity staining on native-PAGE, and the two Cu/Zn-SODs isoenzymes were identified as Cu/Zn-SOD 1 and Cu/Zn-SOD 2 by LC/MS/MS. The results suggested that Bulbophyllum orchid can be a potential plant source for medicines and natural antioxidant supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattana S Huehne
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Kisana Bhinija
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Chantragan Srisomsap
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | | | - Churat Weeraphan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Jisnuson Svasti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.,Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Skorn Mongkolsuk
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.,Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
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145
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Nashine S, Kanodia R, Nesburn AB, Soman G, Kuppermann BD, Kenney MC. Nutraceutical effects of Emblica officinalis in age-related macular degeneration. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:1177-1188. [PMID: 30792375 PMCID: PMC6402529 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Emblica officinalis Gaetrn (i.e., Phyllanthus emblica/ Indian gooseberry/ Amla) (EO) has been used extensively as a nutraceutical in several diseases since it is known to boost immunity and offers numerous health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging effects. The goal of our study was to test the hypothesis that EO will rescue human AMD RPE transmitochondrial cells from mitochondria-induced cellular damage. AMD RPE transmitochondrial cell lines were created by fusion of mitochondria DNA-deficient APRE-19 (Rho0) cells with platelets isolated from AMD patients, and therefore had identical nuclei but differed in mitochondrial DNA content. These AMD RPE cells were treated with EO extract followed by characterization of effects of EO using cellular and molecular assays. Herein, EO significantly improved live cell number and mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced apoptosis and oxidative stress, down-regulated VEGF, and up-regulated PGC-1α. In conclusion, EO improved cellular and mitochondrial health, thereby playing a key cytoprotective role in AMD in vitro. Further studies are required to examine the mechanisms that mediate the cytoprotective effects of EO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Nashine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Raj Kanodia
- Rhinoplasty Surgeon, Dr. Raj Kanodia Medical Group, Beverly Hills, CA 90210, USA
| | - Anthony B Nesburn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Girish Soman
- Nisarga Biotech Pvt Ltd, Janai Malai, Satara, Maharashtra, 415004, India
| | - Baruch D Kuppermann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - M Cristina Kenney
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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146
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Bibi Sadeer N, Sinan KI, Cziáky Z, Jekő J, Zengin G, Jeewon R, Abdallah HH, Rengasamy KRR, Fawzi Mahomoodally M. Assessment of the Pharmacological Properties and Phytochemical Profile of Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam Using in Vitro Studies, in Silico Docking, and Multivariate Analysis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E731. [PMID: 32392806 PMCID: PMC7277078 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam. is claimed to effectively manage a number of ailments including diabetes and associated complications. Nonetheless, no attempt has been made to delineate its pharmacological propensities and phytochemical profile. This study was designed to appraise the antioxidant and enzymatic inhibitory properties relevant to the management of diabetes mellitus, obesity, and neurodegenerative and skin disorders. A combination of colorimetric assays and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) were applied for the phytochemical screening of leaf, root, twig, and fruit extracts (methanol and ethyl acetate). In vitro antioxidant evaluations were via radical scavenging abilities (DPPH, ABTS), reducing potential (FRAP, CUPRAC), chelating power, and total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdenum). Seven key metabolic enzymes (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, elastase, lipase, AChE, and BChE) were targeted to determine the inhibitory effects. Multivariate and in silico docking analysis were performed on collected data. Methanolic fruit extract yielded the highest total phenolic, tannin, and triterpenoid contents (174.18 ± 4.27 mg GAE/g, 176.24 ± 3.10 mg CE/g, 63.11 ± 3.27 mg OAE/g, respectively); significantly depressed tyrosinase, elastase, and α-amylase activities (155.35 ± 0.29 mg KAE/g, 4.56 ± 0.10 mg CAE/g, 1.00 ± 0.05 mmol ACAE/g, accordingly); and harboured the most potent antioxidant capacities with DPPH, CUPRAC, FRAP (492.62 ± 5.31, 961.46 ± 11.18, 552.49 ± 8.71 mg TE/g, respectively), and phosphomolybdenum (4.17 ± 0.31 mmol TE/g) assays. Multivariate analysis suggested that the type of solvents used influenced the biological activities more compared to plant parts. Docking analysis showed that azelaic acid binds with tyrosinase by Van der Waals and conventional hydrogen bonds. We anticipate that the present study may establish baseline data on this halophyte that could open new avenues for the development of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeelah Bibi Sadeer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius; (N.B.S.); (R.J.)
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey; (K.I.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (Z.C.); (J.J.)
| | - József Jekő
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (Z.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey; (K.I.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Rajesh Jeewon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius; (N.B.S.); (R.J.)
| | - Hassan H. Abdallah
- Chemistry Department, College of education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, 44001 Erbil, Iraq;
| | - Kannan R. R. Rengasamy
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh 758307, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh 758307, Vietnam
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147
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Warraich UEA, Hussain F, Kayani HUR. Aging - Oxidative stress, antioxidants and computational modeling. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04107. [PMID: 32509998 PMCID: PMC7264715 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a degenerative, biological, time-dependent, universally conserved process thus designed as one of the highest known risk factors for morbidity and mortality. Every individual has its own aging mechanisms as both environmental conditions (75%) and genetics (25%) account for aging. Several theories have been proposed until now but not even a single theory solves this mystery. There are still some queries un-answered to the scientific community regarding mechanisms behind aging. However, oxidative stress theory (OST) is considered one of the famous theories that sees mitochondria as one of the leading organelles which largely contribute to the aging process. Many reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced endogenously and exogenously that are associated with aging. But the mitochondrial ROS contribute largely to the aging process as mitochondrial dysfunction due to oxidative stress is considered one of the contributors toward aging. Although ROS is known to damage cell machinery, new evidence suggests their role in signal transduction to regulate biological and physiological processes. Moreover, besides mitochondria, other important cell organelles such as peroxisome and endoplasmic reticulum also produce ROS that contribute to aging. However, nature has provided humans with free radical scavengers called antioxidants that protect from harmful effects of ROS. Future predictions regarding aging, biochemical mechanisms involved, biomarkers internal and external factors can be easily done with machine learning algorithms and other computational models. This review explains important aspects of aging, the contribution of ROS producing organelles in aging, importance of antioxidants fighting against ROS, different computational models developed to understand the complexities of the aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umm-e-Ammara Warraich
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fatma Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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148
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Shin EY, Park JH, You ST, Lee CS, Won SY, Park JJ, Kim HB, Shim J, Soung NK, Lee OJ, Schwartz MA, Kim EG. Integrin-mediated adhesions in regulation of cellular senescence. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay3909. [PMID: 32494696 PMCID: PMC7202880 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay3909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioinformatic and functional data link integrin-mediated cell adhesion to cellular senescence; however, the significance of and molecular mechanisms behind these connections are unknown. We now report that the focal adhesion-localized βPAK-interacting exchange factor (βPIX)-G protein-coupled receptor kinase interacting protein (GIT) complex controls cellular senescence in vitro and in vivo. βPIX and GIT levels decline with age. βPIX knockdown induces cellular senescence, which was prevented by reexpression. Loss of βPIX induced calpain cleavage of the endocytic adapter amphiphysin 1 to suppress clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME); direct competition of GIT1/2 for the calpain-binding site on paxillin mediates this effect. Decreased CME and thus integrin endocytosis induced abnormal integrin signaling, with elevated reactive oxygen species production. Blocking integrin signaling inhibited senescence in human fibroblasts and mouse lungs in vivo. These results reveal a central role for integrin signaling in cellular senescence, potentially identifying a new therapeutic direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Soon-Tae You
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Chan-Soo Lee
- Food Standard Division Scientific Office, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (KFDA), Osong-eup, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - So-Yoon Won
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jung-Jin Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Han-Byeol Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jaegal Shim
- Comparative Biomedicine Research Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Nak-Kyun Soung
- World Class Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang-eup, Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Ok-Jun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Martin Alexander Schwartz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Corresponding author. (E.-G.K.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Corresponding author. (E.-G.K.); (M.A.S.)
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149
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Louzada RA, Bouviere J, Matta LP, Werneck-de-Castro JP, Dupuy C, Carvalho DP, Fortunato RS. Redox Signaling in Widespread Health Benefits of Exercise. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:745-760. [PMID: 32174127 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Exercise-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production activates multiple intracellular signaling pathways through genomic and nongenomic mechanisms that are responsible for the beneficial effects of exercise in muscle. Beyond the positive effect of exercise on skeletal muscle cells, other tissues such as white and brown adipose, liver, central nervous system, endothelial, heart, and endocrine organ tissues are also responsive to exercise. Recent Advances: Crosstalk between different cells is essential to achieve homeostasis and to promote the benefits of exercise through paracrine or endocrine signaling. This crosstalk can be mediated by different effectors that include the secretion of metabolites of muscle contraction, myokines, and exosomes. During the past 20 years, it has been demonstrated that contracting muscle cells produce and secrete different classes of myokines, which functionally link muscle with nearly all other cell types. Critical Issues: The redox signaling behind this exercise-induced crosstalk is now being decoded. Many of these widespread beneficial effects of exercise require not only a complex ROS-dependent intramuscular signaling cascade but simultaneously, an integrated network with many remote tissues. Future Directions: Strong evidence suggests that the powerful beneficial effect of regular physical activity for preventing (or treating) a large range of disorders might also rely on ROS-mediated signaling. Within a contracting muscle, ROS signaling may control exosomes and myokines secretion. In remote tissues, exercise generates regular and synchronized ROS waves, creating a transient pro-oxidative environment in many cells. These new concepts integrate exercise, ROS-mediated signaling, and the widespread health benefits of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruy A Louzada
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, UMR 8200 CNRS and Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Jessica Bouviere
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo P Matta
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joao Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Corinne Dupuy
- Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, UMR 8200 CNRS and Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Denise P Carvalho
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Fortunato
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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150
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Iannuzzi AM, Giacomelli C, De Leo M, Pietrobono D, Camangi F, De Tommasi N, Martini C, Trincavelli ML, Braca A. Antioxidant Activity of Compounds Isolated from Elaeagnus umbellata Promotes Human Gingival Fibroblast Well-Being. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:626-637. [PMID: 32031808 PMCID: PMC7997630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Four new triterpenoid bidesmosidic saponins (1-4) and a sesquiterpenoid glucoside (5), together with nine known phenolic compounds (6-14), were isolated from the fruits of Elaeagnus umbellata. Their structures were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry data. The antioxidant capability of the isolated compounds was evaluated in human gingival fibroblasts. Compound 6 decreased ROS production and promoted cell proliferation. It also counteracted the cell cycle blockade induced by a low concentration of H2O2 decreasing the expression of p21 and CDKN2A (p16INK4A). Compound 6 decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) in response to inflammatory stimuli, supporting its possible use in periodontitis lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Iannuzzi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Giacomelli
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centro
Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Nutraceutica e Alimentazione
per la Salute”, Università
di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marinella De Leo
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centro
Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Nutraceutica e Alimentazione
per la Salute”, Università
di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Deborah Pietrobono
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabiano Camangi
- Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento, Piazza Martiri della Libertà
33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi
di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centro
Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Nutraceutica e Alimentazione
per la Salute”, Università
di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Trincavelli
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centro
Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Nutraceutica e Alimentazione
per la Salute”, Università
di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centro
Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Nutraceutica e Alimentazione
per la Salute”, Università
di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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